Solar-Roasted Chicken Thesis Book

Mette Johanne Hubschmann

ADVISOR

CHANAPORN MAHAYOSANUN

THE ROYAL DANISH ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS, SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE , DESIGN AND CONSERVATION

KADK

MA SPATIAL DESIGN SPRING 2019

THESIS REPORT

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

// Sunlight // Food Production // Neo- Vernacular

THAILAND

TABLE OF CONTENT

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

A

Table Of Content 1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

1

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

11

THAI VERNACULAR

21

VERY THAI

28

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

37

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

51

DESIGN OVERVIEW

77

DETAIL DESIGN

89

BIBLOGRAPHY

102

Phetburi is a small province in the south of Bangkok,Thailand.

It’s at the beginning of Thailand’s peninsula which located one of the most famous beach Cha-Am. The getaway weekend vacation for Bangkokians. However, Sila’s restaurant situated in Mueng, Phetburi. It’s the region which is not a prominent location but rather a provincial area. The climate in this area is tropical with monsoon season and summer.

Summer runs from March through to June, with April and May the hottest months of the year.

December - April has an average sunshine hour of 7.3 hours. Others are the rainy season.

BANGKOK - Capital of Thailand. 10 milions population Capital of Central Region.

PHETBURI - 160 km. south of BKK 480,000 population HAUHIN - 200 km. south of BKK 540,000 population- Tourist Destination

0

PHETBURI THAILAND

2

CONTEXT

BANGKOK

PHET BURI

HUAHIN

A

TABLE OF CONTENT

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

1

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

1

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

11

THAI VERNACULAR

21

VERY THAI

28

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

37

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

51

DESIGN OVERVIEW

77

DETAIL DESIGN

89

BIBLOGRAPHY

102

01 Solar-Roasted Chicken Phetburi, Thailand Sila Sutharat got recognized since 2012.

He appeared in some TV programs for his innovation. SOLAR-ROASTED-CHICKEN. He invented a concave pixelate mirror panels which used to gathered sunlight reflection and cook chickens.

I came across Sila’s project in early 2017 on the Social Media platform. I was mesmerized by pixelated mirror panels as they were a form of installation art. It’s the installation art with a sustainable function. What made this content went viral was because Sila invented this with 4th-grade education. His curiosity made up from an incident which led to his sunlight experimental. It’s remarkable how he could implement his idea with action. He’s been doing this for 20 years. Even before Global awareness of clean energy resources. He is a genius that needs more recognition and resources to help him develop his invention.

He sees sunlight as fuel. A form of energy which can be harvest for free.

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN Credit : Agency, AFP news. “Thai Solar Chicken Is a Hit.” YouTube, YouTube, 12 May 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8dRzFh1Tw0.

1

the doodle shows the initial incident that sparked SIla’s idea.It shows where the railway with the embankment, the grilling arena, and the vendor restaurant. ink sketch - Chanaporn Mahayosanun

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

SILA’S NARRATIVE Sila, a 60 years old vendor restaurant owner, grilled chicken, and pork using solely Sunlight power. With 4th-grade education background, he invented this sun reflective panels made out of 1000 small mirror planes.

Before he came up with this idea, he used charcoal to cook his food like others. Having his restaurant next to the road, one day in 1997, he got flashes of heat from the passing-by buses’ sunlight reflection. This happened because his vendor situated next to the road intersection with the railway embankment. Every car will pass this bump and generated the flash of light to him.

Sila, then, raised the question of whether these heat can transform into energy.

He started to experiment with a couple of small mirror panels. Nowaways, he’s been grilling chicken and pork with his innovation for 20 years. His innovation got him the honorary degree from Phetchaburi Rajabhat University.

2

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

THE SOLAR CHICKEN Sila claims that the solar grilled chicken are more tender than those charcoal cooked. The clients have the same opinion. Sila takes his moral seriously as he refuses to cook his chicken with any other source of power. Therefore, on overcast or rainy day, his business will be paused.

I visited Sila, tasted the chicken (It tasted amazing by the way) Learn about his invention and interviewed him

3

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

MIRROR PANEL Apart from using clean energy to cook food, I was drawn by those 1000 of mirror panels. There’re mesmerizing.

To me, The panel almost looks like an art installation with function.

The pixelate mirrors give this phenomenal of the complex reality. They’re showing the context as a whole. In the sense that the gap between each mirrors shows the surrounding in the front along with the mirror reflecting its back.

It’s almost like a collage, the stitches of its context reality.

Mirror Panel on the site showing the glimpse of the banana trees in the background along with the refection of other banana trees and the sky.

This is the collage of reality

4

Distance

Information is from personal interview on 20th Jan,2019

On Occation

Exhibited Panel

Per Day

Newest Panel

Per Day

Original/Oldest Panel

THE PANEL EFFICIENCY

Grilled 10 kg.

100 chickens.

15

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

Apart from aesthetic point, these panels are very efficient The heat on the focal point reaches up to 300C as it’s capable of cooking 60 chickens in 1 hour Sila owns 3 of the panels. One for cooking pork, One for chicken and the small one for exhibiting for visitors.

Grilled Chicken

BATCH

15

Minutes

BATCH

1

Hour

= 60

GRILLED CHICKEN

1000 small 7 x 13 cm. mirror panels, constructed in a concave shape, gathered the reflection of Sunpower which can create high temperature up to 312 Degree Celsius and capable of cooking the chicken within 15 minutes. His restaurant sells 100 chickens and 10 kg. of pork each day. The chickens and porks has been marinated and seasoned before the grilled.

The motor which connects to the grille allow the meat to cook evenly by rotating it. His invention is efficient because he only needs to be on the grilling arena for only 2 hours per day for that an enormous amount of meat. His duty is the adjust the light panel according to the sun. Place the meat in the grille and start the rotation motor. Monitor the meat then take them out and deliver to his vendor restaurant.

5

/ BUDGET

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

MAINTAINANCE

The 7x13 cm. mirror panel costs 7 Thai Baht ( 1.2 Danish Krone ) 1,000 Panels = 7,000 Baht ( 1,400 Danish Krone) and the whole structure included labor costed him 30,000 Baht (6,000 Danish Krone) Any broken mirror can be replaced individually.

This is ideal for maintenance.

He replaced the whole mirror panels every 3 years.Mirror became dull with grains or got broken from birds colliding into them.

6

MAINTAINANCE / REPAIR

If the mirror is dull or broken. It can be replaced easily as sliding the old one out and replace with the new one. Even the metal sheet itself, if it broke. It can be replaced and fixed individually.

The angle of the mirrors planes manually adjust

by Sila with the simple reel.

This is a very honest structure and welded for its function.

The aesthetic of it comes as a byproduct.

7

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

/ BUDGET

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

MAINTAINANCE The reel is used to adjusting the angle of the panels.

It’s manual, honest and it’s labor saving device. While he adjusts the panel angle, he will observe the focal point of the light at the receiver if it’s at his desirable focus. Then he will lock the panels and goes to the receiver to turn on the rotating motor.

This manual adjustment relation between space and time could be applied in the design framework later

The receiver when all the light shine in the focal point.

This is measured and estimated by Sila knowhow experience who has been using this method for 20 years.

8

If he’s successful with his innovation. His restaurant can be a completely clean energy restaurant and even can be used later on the night. It will be the new solar cell with less construction cost.

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

SILA’S FUTURE PLAN When I visited Sila’s grilling area, he had already finished the grilling of that day. However, he showed another way to make use of his innovation. He brought out ‘a pot with a tale’ out, filled with water then started adjusted the concave plane to this pot’s tale. It was made of the thin metal sheet which act as induction to transmit heat to the water.

The result was the water boiled within a minute.

He mentioned that he’s working on making use of boiling water stream to spin a dynamo generator motor. Which is a form of Hydroelectric and create electricity then store it for later use.

He failed because the boiler exploded.

He is doing the research, trial and error by himself without any education or any help from the government institution.

I aim to help him reach out to the instituton to help him develop a prototype.He will, then, need a workshop space for this collaboration

9

I asked Sila to take 6 photos which subject matters to his project. Then elaborated how it’s important.

KEYS OF HIS PROJECT

The elements that he highlighted are valuable elements that will help us understand his project better. The objects that he took photo have a story and the reason behind them. He only took this photo in his original grilling arena which located next to the railway embankment.

This field only has a small mirror panel. It only functions as an exhibitor now as the majority of the grilling is at his house - the new site.

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN “This area is the beginning where I started to experiment with sunlight.”

“This tin plane stops the gathered light from burning others area”

“The rotating grille make chicken cooked evenly.This motor rotate the grille”

“The reflection light is too bright. I need this mask to filtered it”

“my son always get into motorcycle accident so I put his bike up there.”

“This is my resting area while I waited for chicken to be grilled.”

10

TABLE OF CONTENT

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

2

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

1

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

11

THAI VERNACULAR

34

VERY THAI

46

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

63

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

67

DESIGN OVERVIEW

89

DETAIL DESIGN

94

BIBLOGRAPHY

94

3 2

1

VENDOR SURROUNDING 1

Solar-Roasted-Chicken Restaurant

2

Former Grilling area.

3

Railway Track

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

I visited Sila in February 2019. I learned that Sila has moved his grilling production to his house. He used to grill across his restaurant.

However, That land belongs to the Thai railway. 2 The Thai Railway plan to construct the new track on that land in the future Therefore, he has to move the big panels to his house.

11

B

A

4.7 km. per trip.

Sila’s travel to delivered the chicken by motorcycle 4 times a day

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

WORKING WITH 2 SITES Sila has to travel back and forth to deliver the chicken for 4.7 km.

He said it would be nice to move the restaurant to his house but he also afraid that it’s not the prime spot for his business.

His restaurant is in the city center Being in the city center, he has regular clients from the city which are his biggest customer group.

Along with the frequent visitors-both foreigners and Thai(usually from Bangkok) come by and taste the chicken. Some required to see the grilling panel and Sila have to bring them from the restaurant to his house.

For food production. There are 2 sites in this project, the first site is his existing restaurant where he sells the food and the 2nd site is his house where he grills the chicken.

A

B 12

SITE A

VENDOR RESTAURANT

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

A

I start to investigate his vendor restaurant in the city center.

Restaurant situated in the central neighborhood of Phetburi province. It’s downtown located next to road No. 4021- the main provincial road. It’s only 40 meters from the railway.

The program around it are townhouses with shop or commercial programs on the ground floor. On the upper floors are residential.

The townhouse typology is usually 4-meter width with 3-4 bay depth.

Sila’s restaurant has 2 townhouses that merged into one building.

Sila’s son lives on the upper floor.

His restaurant sells Northeastern streetfood.

Therefore, they sell other food apart than the chicken.

Rowhouses, the vendor surrounding

Credit : Google Street View

13

SITE A

VENDOR RESTAURANT

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

A

14

SITE A

VENDOR RESTAURANT Sila’s vendor restaurant located in the city center with a high volume of traffic.

This area is rich and lively in the daytime. There’s several of other vendors surround this restaurant. Both with the mobile vendor and vendor located in the front of the townhouse like Sila’s.

There’s space for parking which is crucial in this area. People either use motorcycle or car to travel. The space for parking is ideal.

Sila has been selling his chickens at his townhouse for 20 years. The local knows where to get his food. Even though, the mirror panels have been moved to his house. I suggest that he could still keep this restaurant running as it’s the starting point of his invention.

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

A

Considering this aspect, I would like to study his vendor restaurant and use that knowledge to apply on his new site - the paddy field.

15

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

B

SITE B

PADDY FIELD His house surrounded by paddy field.

The position of the house is conformed with sun allocation. To help with the privacy issue and a buffer with the sun.

He grows some trees behinds the house to provide shade blocking the sun and the banana trees on the other side for his privacy on his land from his neighbor on the west. He grows his trees in the perimeter of the site but left some space for the solar panel to reflect the sun.

Sila’s house that located in the middle of paddy field

16

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

B

SITE B

PADDY FIELD

17

SITE B

PADDY FIELD

Papaya tree

Banana tree

Rice

His house consisted of 1 bedroom, 1 storage room, and a bathroom. It doesn’t have any living room.

Sila said he spent most of the time in the restaurant anyway. This house is only for him to rest, take shower and storage. They ( Sila and his wife) dine at the restaurant. That’s why this house doesn’t have a kitchen and dining room.

Sometimes, he would take away food from the restaurant and have it in his house canopy.

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

Banaa tree

Mango tree

Papaya tree

B

The canopy then turning into the multi-purpose space that it could be the dining space or the living space depends on its function. He explained that he would have a mat and sit on the floor. The floor is cool as it’s covered with tiles.

When he occupied his canopy space. His connection to the site and the vision boundary could extend to the banana tree barricade.

The color choices of this house are the same orange as his restaurant

18

SITE B

PADDY FIELD

This site function as a clean energy food production- the Solar-roasted chicken and meat. It’s a peaceful area where people can come here and retreat for the weekend. Be in nature with paddy field and escape from the hectic of the city life then learn about the clean energy.

Apart from all the recreation purpose on the weekend. On a weekday, Sila could use a space for his workshop.

Inventing, brainstorming and develop on his new invention with any organization It could also be a meeting space for the farmer within this area to gather and do activities.

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

B

19

RELATION BETWEEN 2 SITE

A VENDOR RESTAURANT

Selling food to regular customers

feed co chick

ooked ken

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

has Panels

B PADDY FIELD

Griling Chicken production Workshop for Sila and Team to develop prototype Destination for people who want to see him grill chicken Meeting place for the farmers

20

TABLE OF CONTENT

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

3

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

1

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

11

THAI VERNACULAR

21

VERY THAI

28

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

37

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

51

DESIGN OVERVIEW

77

DETAIL DESIGN

89

BIBLOGRAPHY

102

Shadow is cherished in Thailand. In open space you can see people situated and form according to it. Unlike cold climate regions, the heat is unbearable. People desire to be in the shade to aviod excrutiating heat.

Thai culture appreaciated fair skin. Sunlight could create undesirable tan skin.

“ SPACE

FORMED

BY SHADOW

“

The heat in Thailand is a burden.

Showing in the table above, the daytime temperature goes over 30 C throughout the year along with high humidity. Situated in sunlight is undesirable. Not just because of its heat, but also the social preference of fair skin.

These reasons keep people in the shade. As you can see from the photos on the left. Shadow suddenly formed a space that people are in.

However, the shadow is a temporary space. It’s the relation between the object and the sun.

In a way, this shadow space modified by time. Time hereby means the sun direction and it’s an angle to each object. From building to the electricity pole.

THAI VERNACULAR

THAI CLIMATE

21

THAI VERNACULAR

THAI VERNACULAR The traditional Thai architecure designed as a mechanism to fight with the heat. It’s simple but served the function and the way of living.

Credit : Thai Architecture Association

22

ARCHITECTURE MECHANISM

1

2

4

7

5

8

3

6

9

THAI VERNACULAR

I’m looking into aspects in Thai traditional vanacular house. In order to study the building mechanism which taylored to fit the its climate and culture.

1. There’s tropical rain in Thailand which comes with wind 2. Therefore, the house extended the roof to protect the rain from splash on the wall and window.

3. Without the extended roof, the sun would leak into the house and generate a higher temperature in the house.

4. The extended roof added to create more shadow to the wall 5. “Palai” the room in between which has no enclosure wall. It’s has a space with good ventilation along with the daylight 6. The different space in Thai architecture is about the privacy hierarchy of each space.

7. People who’re standing on the lowest part is the same level as those who sit in the upper room.

8. This gap level create cross ventilation to flow 9. From the privacy issue, those who sit in the upper room has is in the darker place which allows them to see the activity outside while those outsides with the bright daylight can’t see the one inside the room properly.

23

SPACE OF INTEREST

SIGHT PRIVACY The light and shadow creates the privacy within this Thai house. The court is exposed to the sunlight and then the patio with the roof but no wall has some amount of light and the darkest space is inside the room which has only a few opening.

This photo is shot in the patio where you can see the court cleary while in the room become saloutte.

This is a versa user spent the the day.

It’s considered this house.

It has nice ven light and shad condition.

It’s the thresho of the court an the room.

THAI VERNACULAR

PALAI

atile space where the eir time the most during

d as the living room of

ntilation, nice amount of de provided the comfort

old between the public nd the private which is in

THE CAT GAP The Cat-Gap is the gap between 2 different elevated spaces measured 40 cm. Which allow the user to sit on the higher floor and hang their legs to the lower floor, it acts as built-in bench within space. It’s related to privacy hierarchy but the most useful part is it allows the cross ventilation to flow within the space.

Which make the house cooler in the hot day.

24

NEO VERNACULAR Time changes, the choice of material changes or even the context has changed. However, the “Palai” space still appears in the nowadays urban fabric.

Thai people bring this “Palai” space as an add-on to the building the form of the awning. It’s doesn’t have the wall. It has good ventilation. It blocks the sun while still have some amount of light for the day activity. It creates the threshold between the public (the pavement and the road) and the private space - the building.

The vinyl awning is used because it’s affordable, easy to construct, light and adjustable.

PALAI

THAI VERNACULAR The extensions of these rowhouse are the Palai space which borrowed from Traditional Thai House

25

NEO VERNACULAR

Adjustable

Rigid

THAI VERNACULAR

Sila’s add-on space for his vendor restaurant has layered in the roof structure. From the metal truss structure, extended roof, the awning with a pole to the vendor itself. Apart from the stacking level of each roof layer. It’s also range from fixed structure, a rigid structure like the roof truss to the adjustable panel in the vendor.

26

EXTENSION STRUCTURE

THAI VERNACULAR

Ventilation block is used in the townhouse. It’s let the ventilation flow along with blocking the view from the outside. This is the inner barricade of this townhouse

This hinged door is adjustable. made from the chicken wire. It acts as a front gate which enclosed the vendor restaurant space. At night, Sila will keep the valuable item in this huge gate.

27

TABLE OF CONTENT

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

4

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

1

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

11

THAI VERNACULAR

21

VERY THAI

28

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

37

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

51

DESIGN OVERVIEW

77

DETAIL DESIGN

89

BIBLOGRAPHY

102

COLOR CODING

VIBRANT NATION

SILA’S ROWHOUSE FACADE

VERY THAI

A

28

VIBRANT NATION

COLOUR CODING

The facade of this rowhouse shows the variety in orange as it’s his favorite color. The vibrant co each house. It’s how the owner expresses their and recognized at the easiest. Sila’s restaurant could recognize his restaurant at the first glimps

“ Our house is yellow! ”

SILA’S ROWHOUSE FACADE

of color and material choice in this facade. Sila’s restaurant is olor of this rowhouse is a part of the identity and branding of ownership to this building. It’s a landmark since it can be seen could be described as ‘the orange building’ and the first comer se.

VERY THAI

A

“ Our shop is the Orange Building! ”

“We live in the pink house ”

29

THAI TONE

The other theory of vibrant color painting is the chemical reaction between the paint and the sun.

With a very high UV index country like Thailand, if the choice of color is pale, the sun will make it become even paler in short period of time.

The vibrant color will last longer The color choice of roof color or the balustrade depend on what is available on the market. It’s vernacular as these material can be easily found in th area.

Color Scheme of Sila’s Rowhouse which will apply in design later.

COLOR CODING

VERY THAI

A

30

Maeklong market is over a train track. It’s become the tourist destination due to its flexible space made from awning.

FLEXIBLE SPACE

VERY THAI

A

The photo on the left shows the transition of the adaptable space of a market which at first, space is formed under the awning.

It creates a shadow and enclosure over this railway. When the bell ring and the train gradually approach, the vendors started to fold the awning and allow the train to pass by. When the train is passing the space is completely different from the market at the beginning.

The awning that used to be the roof, while the train is passing, it becomes a facade.

After the train passed, the wall of awning transformed back into the roof of the market again.

31

FLEXIBLE SPACE The awning in Sila’s vendor.

It’s considered as ‘the Palai’ space that he uses for the food production.

The vinyl awning is translucent. It’s could have the effect of the silhouetted object above. It’s light and flexible.

In Sila’s vendor, the red awning is purchased but the green awning is the advertisement vinyl that they reused it for the shading purpose.

THE AWNING

VERY THAI

A

32

12:00

THE AWNING

15:30

FLEXIBLE OBJECT

VERY THAI

A

The vendor has an adjustable roof. It’s manual adaptive to the sun direction.

When the sun is high up in the sky. The roof is straight to block the sunlight. When the sun is in the lower angle, the roof is adjusted according to it. This will reduce glare and the heat from the sun which will spoil the food in the vendor stool.

At the end of the day when they closed the restaurant, they can just close all of this panels down like closing the box and stored the valuable stuff inside. It’s also the sign of operation hour that when the panel is closed, the restaurant is alsoclosed.

It’s manual adaptive of the panel which related to the sun direction,the same working principle with the mirror panel.

33

FOOD PRODUCTION he arrangement of this food preparation space under the added-on awning looks somehow chaotic and messy, filled with many objects which seem unorganized. However, space has been adapted through the UX ( user experience ). It has been undergoing rearrangement many times. Since all the furniture is light, it’s easier for the owner to do trial and error with space.

Space has its own rhythm and workflow that the user feel comfortable following this workstation.

It’s the kitchen combined with the washing space and the garaged. A motorcycle parked here is Sila’s motorcycle. He couldn’t park it outside because he wants shade for his motorcycle and this space seems to be empty.

Even though, they feel very comfortable in this working space I still think there’s a way to organized this space to be neater.

VERY THAI

A

34

SUNLIGHT & ARRANGEMENT

VERY THAI

A

The sun at 4 pm in January. Part of the house intentionally left to be hit by the sunlight while other space need more shade.

The dishes and the washing sink is located in the area where the sun could reach and make use of the sunlight to dry their dishes faster. Sila claims that UV light will help to kill bacteria on the dishes.

While the part is a demand to be shine on other parts like the one in the background is dark and should be concealed of the sunlight is where the rice cooker and the microwaves are located. Also, it’s the place where Sila’s wife will sit when she has a break. It’s the shade for his motorcycle as well

35

SUNLIGHT & ARRANGEMENT

The sun at 4 pm in January. Part of the house intentionally left to be hit by the sunlight while other space need more shade.

The dining space pushed in front because they can use the natural light as well as the cooking space. The further into the house which has the depth, the darker it will get. The toilet under the staircase which is the darkest need to installing the lightbulb. while the storage room there’s still some natural light from the window in the back.

VERY THAI

A

36

TABLE OF CONTENT

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

5

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

1

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

11

THAI VERNACULAR

21

VERY THAI

28

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

37

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

51

DESIGN OVERVIEW

77

DETAIL DESIGN

89

BIBLOGRAPHY

102

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

37

RE-DESIGN RE-ALIGN Space has set up due to their function. Each object is placed there for its function. The user has already accustomed to this setting.

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

Re-Design It’s the complete makeover of the entire space.

Even though space will turn out nice and neat.

The user would feel alienated in their own space. They might have to learn the new workflow or being constantly aware that they have to keep the space neat. They might feel awkward to keep their object or add any object that isn’t coherent to the design.

It’s vendor restaurant. They have a limited budget. Some of the objects even though lack of aesthetic but work well functionally.

Re-Align Therefore I choose to Re-align approach Which I learned from their workflow and improving it Organized it by using motion tracking method of Frankfurt kitchen to purpose the same working station but more organized and more efficient version.

38

FRANKFURT KITCHEN

Margarete SchĂźtte-Lihotzky, Austrian Architect She mapped the time-motion studies to investigate how long each process take, in order to redesign the better workflow. From this diagram, you can see the movements in the kitchen is frequent for each method. Each additional movement cause more time that women have to spent in the kitchen The better workflow means better productivity within a space and reduces the time that spent in it.

If women finished their work faster, they will have more time for factory workers. This change in space helped women improving their status. and life quality as they will have more time to pursue their interests.

PRECEDENT

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

The good kitchen design such that it should optimally support the workflow. Improving the ergonomics of the kitchen and rationalizing the kitchen work was important to Lihotzky Motion mapping shows less movement design in her kitchen design. They’re a rule of golden triangle movement where it’s the 3 spots that user needs to use most frequent. Other than that she uses the ergonometric in design to fit the function without having the user moving Schütte-Lihotzky was inspired by the railway dining car kitchens, which were very small but two people could fit and productive as it could prepare and serve the meals for about 100 guests. along with washing and store the dish 39

PRECEDENT

FRANKFURT KITCHEN Even though there’s some problem in the Frankfurt kitchen design. It’s a good case study to looking into.

Kitchen is the food production space in the house.

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

I can use the motion mapping to analyze Sila’s vendor’s organization.

Frankfurt kitchen has the Taylorism idea where everything is fixed and the design take the total control in the space as the user have to follow the design.

However, the setting of Sila’s vendor is more of the Post-modernist way of arrangement.

It’s the design which keeps evolving and flexible organization.

In Sila’s vendor, the user can improvise the space daily, according to the use of that day.

39

MOTION MAPPING In order to understand and analyzed and re-organized the space, I use the motion mapping of Frankfurt kitchen to analyze the movement in the vendor working space.

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

This method helps me to understand which is the area where the user spent most of the time. The relation between each position.

Then I started to map the sequence for a particular dish how the cook moves around the space.

I tried to rearrange it to create the ‘golden triangle’ movement where the user doesn’t have to move around much for each action

40

SEQUENCE

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

Then, I started to map the sequence for a particular dish How the cook moves around the space. This will make me understand how each sequence moved the user around.

I will rearrange it to create the ‘golden triangle’ movement where the user doesn’t have to move around much for each action.

41

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

ERGONOMIC There’s uneven working level. The table, the bench or the vendor stools are in different height.

It’s according to the user experience of ergonomic. For example, the container number one is on the bench rather on the table because added up with the high of the takeaway foam container, it’s an appropriate level to reach. The container number 2, it’s stool is lower but when added to its height, it’s at the same level as the table.

2

1

42

BAUHAUS

NESTING TABLE Nesting Tables, Josef Albers 1926. could reflect on the different level for ergonometric. It could be used versatilely. I also look into its tectonic as the table frame are simple and honest. The choice of color could be considered as it’s vibrant and could use it to distinguish the working space for different activities.

PRECEDENT

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

43

EXISTING TECTONIC

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

“

“ Hollow metal column is used to construct this furniture frame.

It’s connected by welded

” “

The drying rack that Sila bought from the market. It have light structure material. for the moving purpose.

”

The sink has the same structure frame as others furniture. It’s welded. Over the sink there’s a plate of metal sheet to prevent the water splash and hygienic purpose.

”

“

The vendor also used the hollow metal column and a simple welding method

”

44

PRECEDENT

credit : www.small-projects.com

KEVIN MARK LOW Low is Malaysian architecture who has design every aspect in the house including the furniture. He uses cheap and robust material and construction. The construction is simple but versatile. It’s the same technique with using local material but for Low. he put design aesthetic aspect into it.

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

45

SITE A PROPOSAL From Bauhaus, nesting table combining with the existing tectonic of the vendor furniture. I proposed the adjustable working space with a height difference of 20 cm. each. The lowest table is at the same height as a bench.

It could be used to put stuff on or to sit-on.

It has the wheel which is easy to be moving around to the desired position.

Then lock the wheel down to prevent it from moving. and start to use the space according to their needs.

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

46

ERGONOMIC TABLE Each level have its own function of its ergonomic. The height of the table + the objects which places on it height will equal to the reachable and comfortable level of the user.

The lowest table which is at 45 cm. can also act as a bench.

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

80 0

12 60

850

820

644

450

47

SITE A PROPOSAL The red line is what I added to the space. The rest, I rearrange the space with the existing furnitures and objects.

I only added the adjustable table and the wall frame for hygienic and safety reason of the stove in front.

1200

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

48

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

49

COLOUR CODING From the color scheme study of the townhouse facade.

The colour coding reflecting back into this food production space.

For the user to learn or memorize where to place the food or plate.

If there’s a new worker, the user can just simply say “put that box on the orange table” “ place that dish on the blue table” “ you can sit on the yellow bench”

Color Scheme

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

A

50

TABLE OF CONTENT

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

6

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

1

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

11

THAI VERNACULAR

21

VERY THAI

28

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

37

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

51

DESIGN OVERVIEW

77

DETAIL DESIGN

89

BIBLOGRAPHY

102

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

51

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

SITE B PROGRAMME 1 - Sila’s demonstration to the visitors 2 - Sila’s working on his workshop 3 - Visitors eating chicken and drink on the bench 4 - A peaceful corner where visitors can unplug with nature 5 - Farmers Meeting or Sila’s and organization workshop 6 - Watching Sunrise in the morning along with the banana tree view 7 - Watching Sunset and the paddy-field horizon 8 - Sitting on the edge of the building, feet on nature 9 - Sila’s cooking his chicken with sunlight

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

Timeline on the right demonstrates how both Sila and visitor

52

WEEKDAYS 7:00

8:00

9:00

10:00

11:00

12:00

13:00

14:00

15:00

16:00

17:00

18:00

WEEKENDS

SITE B PROGRAMME In weekdays, which won’t have much visitors from Bangkok, the building will serve the workshop purpose, where Sila can work and develop his prototype with organization or work on some maintainance. It could also be the place where farmers meet up and discuss.

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

While Weekends, which expected to have many visitors from Bangkok and surrounding city to come and learn about the clean enerrgy.

Sila can demonstrate how he cook the chicken with sunlight and give out technique and knowhow for people who are interested.

53

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

- TABLE FROM WIKIPEDIA

54

January 7:00

8:00

9:00

10:00

11:00

12:00

13:00

14:00

15:00

16:00

17:00

18:00

February

March

April

May

June

August

September

October

November

December

B SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

July

SITE SUNLIGHT STUDY. ANNUALLY

55

13.00

8.00

14.00

9.00

15.00

10.00

16.00

7.0

0 11.0 0 0 10. 0 9.0 0 8.0 0

7.00

0 .00 13.0 14 00 15.

00

16.

00

17.

00

18.

11.00

17.00

12.00

18.00

SITE SUNLIGHT STUDY I study the sun allocation throughout the day by looking into how the existing building cast shadow. By doing this, I will learn the direction and route for the panel and the receiver and where to place the building in the site that will not block the sun.

0 1

5

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

10 M.

56

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

RECEIVER

RECIEVER

PANEL

The reciever is the focal point of sunlight reflection. This is where Sila places the chickens. It’s move around according to the location of the sun.

The reciever will follow the sun direction and the panel will be on the opposite direction to reflect and gathered the sun to this focal point.

As you can see now that this reciever places on the grass floor which is rough and could be muddy when there’s rain. I will added the pavement which will be easier to move around.

57

MAKING ROUTE Sila’s say the distance betwen the receiver and the mirror is around 6 steps of his.

That’s roughtly 5 m. Now from mapping and study the sun allocation. I can cast the route of the receiver and the panel. and where to place the workshop building that will not block the sun path for grilling chicken.

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

58

SITE B DEVELOP I have tested different schematic and zoning.

It should provide the workshop space where Sila able to fit this panel into space.

The clearance of panels dimension in the workshop is 5x5x4 meters Therefore, this space will provide a long span for this function and came up with the space that imitates the Thai vernacular housing.

It resonates back to the space hierarchy. create a good ventilation flow.

In the evening, the visitor can enjoy the horizon of paddy field with the sunset along with the food and drinks

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

59

1

PROGRAMME 1 - SILA’S EXISTING HOUSE 2 - WORKSHOP 3 - MEETING ROOM 4 - TOILET

4 SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

2

3

60

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

61

GROUND FLOOR 0

1

2

5 M.

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

62

WORKING TABLE MO

VAB L

ET ABL

E

WORKSHOP

MAIN ENTRANCE

PANEL ENTRANCE

GROUND FLOOR 0

1

2

5 M.

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

63

CAT-G

+0.40 M.

BENC

GROUND FLOOR 0

1

2

5 M.

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

GAP NICHE

B

CE

64

GROUND FLOOR 0

1

2

5 M.

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

MEETING ROOM

+0.80 M. BUILD-IN TABLE

65

GROUND FLOOR 0

1

2

5 M.

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

MOVING COUNTER

66

SECTION 0

1

2

5 M.

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

67

BAY STUDY MODEL

The awni the functi became a

50

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

ing that could be adjusted manually according to ion or sun protection. At the end of the day, it could close the awning and it a wall of the pavilion.

0

68

CONCEPTUAL DRAWING

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

Conceptual drawing presenting the activities that could happen all together on the site.

People will use the shade to picnic and lingered in. Whereas some sit on the balcony looking at Sila’s demonstration of roasting the chicken.

The staircase hall creates double space and mezzanine where people can interact.

69

PERSPECTIVE SECTION

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

70

AWNING TESTING

Taking from the reference, the solid awning wooden plane which looks robust and provided safety. However, it wouldn’t provide good ventilation within the building.

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

1

2

3

Tested out with the thinner wooden louver fin.

No.1 is the 1”x 1” wood louver panel No.2 is the 2”x2” wood louver panels No.3 is mixed, the lower is 2”x2” wood and the upper is 1”x1” Considering the aesthetically and the weight of the wood, I choose No.1 to work with further

71

Louver pattern No.1

Louver pattern No.2

Louver pattern No.3

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

On the upper floor, there’s two-layer or the panels wood louver and the balustrade of the bench

It’s overlap and fill in each other gap, create the sight blockade in the seating area.

72

AWNING TESTING

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

Tested out with the thinner wooden louver fin.

No.1 is the 1”x 1” wood louver panel No.2 is the 2”x2” wood louver panels No.3 is mixed, the lower is 2”x2” wood and the upper is 1”x1” Considering the aesthetically and the weight of the wood, I choose No.1 to work with further

73

ELEVATION A - A’

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

A

A’

74

ELEVATION B-B’

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

B’

B

75

ELEVATION C-C’

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

B

ELEVATION D-D’

76

TABLE OF CONTENT

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

7

1 2 3 4 5 6

7

8 9

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

1

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

11

THAI VERNACULAR

21

VERY THAI

28

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

37

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

51

DESIGN OVERVIEW

77

DETAIL DESIGN

89

BIBLOGRAPHY

102

DESIGN OVERVIEW

B

77

DESIGN OVERVIEW

B

78

DESIGN OVERVIEW

B

79

DESIGN OVERVIEW

B

80

DESIGN OVERVIEW

B

81

DESIGN OVERVIEW

B

82

STRUCTURAL MODEL

DESIGN OVERVIEW

B

83

DESIGN OVERVIEW

B

INSIDE NATURAL LIGHT 84

DESIGN OVERVIEW

B

STAIRCASE ELEVATION 85

DESIGN OVERVIEW

B

WORKSHOP SPACE 86

DESIGN OVERVIEW

B

AWNING FACADE 87

SITE MODEL DESIGN OVERVIEW

B

88

TABLE OF CONTENT

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

8

1 2 3 4 5 6

7

8 9

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

1

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

11

THAI VERNACULAR

21

VERY THAI

28

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

37

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

51

DESIGN OVERVIEW

77

DETAIL DESIGN

89

BIBLOGRAPHY

94

MATERIAL COCONUT WOOD

DETAIL DESIGN

B

Main Structure would be Steel and Wood but I want to embrace the characturustic of Coconut wood. First, It’s sustainable as Coconut trees grow fast. They are versatile plants. Apart from sustainable matter, the texture and pattern of coconut wood is interesting.

Coconut wood texture

89

ENTRANCE DETAIL

ELEVATION 0 10

20

50 CM.

DETAIL DESIGN

B

SECTION 0 10

20

50 CM.

90

ENTRANCE DETAIL

ELEVATION 0

5

10

20 CM.

DETAIL DESIGN

B

SECTION 0

5

10

20 CM.

91

ADJUSTABLE COUNTER From Site A’s furniture implementation, I applied these adjustable table into a bar counter on the 2nd floor of site B workshop by using the same frame structure as Site A but added the wood facade on the site.

DETAIL DESIGN

B

92

FURNITURE DETAILS

COUNTER CORNER PERSPECTIVE

DETAIL DESIGN

B

COUNTER CORNER FRONT ELEVATION

93

FURNITURE DETAILS

SECTION DETAIL DRAWER

DETAIL DESIGN

B

SECTION DETAIL DRAWER

94

FURNITURE DETAILS

NESTION TABLE SECTION

DETAIL DESIGN

A

This cross section show the different levels of Site A adjustable table. It’s a simple steel structure with laminated counter top.

This structure refer to the existing furniture on Sila’s vendor. I trying to blend this furniture into it’s surrounding by both the tectonic and color

95

FURNITURE DETAILS

PERSPECTIVE DETAIL COUNTER FRAME

DETAIL DESIGN

A

SECTION DETAIL COUNTER FRAME

96

PAVEMENT DESIGN

PAVEMENT

DETAIL DESIGN

B

The shape of this pavement follows the movement of The panels and the receivers. I chose brick as it’s let more permeable than concrete. It’s more local than Also it’s create interesting pattern which emphasized the movement of the receivers better

97

PAVEMENT DESIGN

CHANGE IN MATERIAL

DETAIL DESIGN

B

The maintainace the panels which are 300 kg weight. Sila would be able to move them from outside into the workshop. Therefore, the pavenment is at the same level. However, I used the change in pavement material from brick into cross-section wood. In order to set the boundary or each space and seperate inside from outside.

98

2 SITE RELATION CONCLUTION

A

B

ADJUSTABLE FURNITURE

These 2 site has movab will let the user change same frame tectonic bu

DETAIL DESIGN

ble furniture. It’s reflect the changing of space, the alive space that accordingly to the surrounding setting and occation. They share the ut different shape and facade. Threy share the same principle.

99

2 SITE RELATION CONCLUTION

A

B

AWNING

From a Vendor stoll aw of blocking the sun. Ap Both of these awning c

DETAIL DESIGN

wning of Site A to a whole facade of Site B. It’s share the same principle part from that it’s also can transformed itself from a roof to a wall. can secure the space inside.

100

SUNLIGHT AND ARCHITECTURE

7:00

8:00

11:00

12:00

15:00

16:00

TIME / OBJECT / ARCHITECTURE

TIME is the changing OBJECTS are the pan ARCHITECTURE is th

This diagram show th receiver react to the m and how the awning f

DETAIL DESIGN

B

9:00

10:00

13:00

14:00

17:00

18:00

of sunlight throughout the day. nel and the receiver. he awning, where the building situated and the pavement.

he changing of this space throughtout the day. How the panels and the moving sun location. How the pavemet casted and guide their movement facade trying to cast shadow for people inside the building.

101

TABLE OF CONTENT

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

8

1 2 3 4 5 6

7

8 9

SOLAR-ROASTED CHICKEN

1

WORKING WITH 2 SITE

11

THAI VERNACULAR

21

VERY THAI

28

SITE A // FOOD PRODUCTION & SPACE

37

SITE B // WORKSHOP IN THE PADDYFIELD

51

DESIGN OVERVIEW

77

DETAIL DESIGN

89

BIBLOGRAPHY

102

BIBLOGRAPHY

7. BIBLOGRAPHY

Cornwel-Smith, P., & Goss, J. (2014). Very Thai: Everyday popular culture.

Tatien, Bangkok: River Books.

Joanna. (2014, September 19). Modern History: Bauhaus Nesting Tables.

Retrieved from https://blog.timelesswroughtiron.com/2014/09/modern-history-bauhaus-nesting-tables/ Low, K. M. (2010). Small Projects: Kevin Low. Oro Editions.

Moll, C., White, E., Martin, L. M., Zeldman, J., Corradini, F., & Wagner, J. (2005, October 25). Good Designers Redesign, Great Designers Realign.

Retrieved from https://alistapart.com/article/redesignrealign/ Museum, A. (n.d.). Frankfurt Kitchen: Patina follows function. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20091218121255/http://www.vam.ac.uk/ res_cons/conservation/journal/number_53/frankfurt/index.html Karen Melching: “Frankfurt Kitchen: patina follows function” 2009-12-18 at the Wayback Machine, in the Conservation Journal, Issue 53, 2006 รศ. สมใจ นิ่มเล็ก, ร. (2019, May 17). ความสับสน ในงานสถาปัตยกรรมไทย. Retrieved from http://www.silpa-mag.com/history/article_5280 สุวรรณสวัสดิ์, ช, ลิ้มไพบูลย์, อ, ศรีวิลาศ, น, พัวพงศกร, ภ, & ยุทธรัตน์, ป. (2019, February 05). ‘กันสาดผ้าใบ’ องค์ประกอบสถาปัตยกรรมเมืองที่กลายเป็น Unseen in Thailand. Retrieved from https://readthecloud.co/sunshade/

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