STAY HEALTHY!

Stay healthy!

IINDEX NDEX

What do we need to eat and drink.

1 2 3 4 5 6

What type of foods are there?: Nutrients.

7

Being active.

Hygiene.

Our diverse world.

Feelings.

Habits for illnesses prevention. Health and medicine.

CONTENTS:

1.– Why do we need to eat and drink.

2.– What type of foods are there: nutrients.

3.– Being active

4.– Hygiene.

5.– Our diverse world.

6.– Feelings.

7.– Habits for illnesses prevention.

8.– Health and medicine.

1.- WHY DO WE NEED TO EATAND DRINK.

1. Because we need nutrients to grow. Food gives us the nutrients our bodies need to grow.

2. Because we need energy to live. Food gives us the energy we need to carry out our vital functions.

3. Because we need to stay healthy. Food gives us vitamins and minerals which help us to stay healthy.

We need to eat and drink because we need nutrients to grow, energy to live, to stay healthy and water.

2.– WHAT TYPES OF FOODARE THERE?: NUTRIENTS.

Food has lots of different nutrients:

PROTEINS: Our body needs proteins to function and grow. Many parts of the body, like our organs and muscles, are formed from proteins. Meat, fish, milk and pulse vegetables contain proteins.

CARBOHYDRATES AND FATS: Carbohydrates give our body energy. Fats are bad if you eat too much, but our body needs some. Flour, cereals and potatoes contain carbohydrates. Oil and butter contain fats.

VITAMINS AND MINERALS: They help our body to control its functions and defend itself against illness. Vegetables and fruit contain vitamins and minerals.

FIBRE: It helps our stomach to work properly. Fruits, vegetables, cereal and legume contain a lot of fibre.

WATER: Our body needs water to survive. Without it, our body becomes dehydrated and eventually dies.

Our diet is the combination of the different foods and drinks we consume every day. Everybody needs a different diet, depending on their age and their physical activity. Children need more protein and carbohydrates than an elderly person. A marathon runner needs more energy than someone who works in an office.

A healthy diet is a diet that contains the right amount of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals and water.

2.2– THE FOOD PYRAMID:

Food Pyramid is a guide to provide a framework for the types and amounts of food that can be eaten in combination to provide a healthy diet.

Food comes from: plants, animals and minerals.

From plants: oil, fruit, vegetables.

From animals: fish, meat, eggs, milk.

From minerals: salt, water.

To stay healthy we need regular physical exercise

Exercise makes our bones and muscles strong. It also keeps us agile and flexible. It also stops us getting fat. Although our bones and muscles are very strong, we can still get injuries if we are not careful. We should:

 Always warm up first.

 Cool down and stretch after.

 Wear a helmet or protective clothing if we do a sport like skating or cycling.

 Sit, stand and walk with our backbone straight.

 Try not to carry a lot of weight.

 Bend our knees whenwe pick things up.

After mental or physical activity, we feel tired.

This is our body´s way of telling us it needs to rest and sleep.

A good night´s sleep helps our body in various ways. When we sleep, our muscles and organs reduce their activity.

Our body replenishes the energy we use when we are awake. The body repairs itself and becomes more resistant to disease. Children´s bodies grow more.

Our brain remembers and stores what we have learnt. At your age, you should sleep for about nine hours.

Our body needs to rest and sleep. Children should sleep for about nine hours.

What hygiene habits do you practice before you go to bed? How often do you brush your teeth?

Personal higiene means keeping our bodies clean. Following good hygiene habits can keep us healthy.

Here there are some tips to help us to mantain a good hygiene:

Wash your hands

Our hands touch many things and can have germs on them. It’s a good idea to wash your hands with warm water and soap:

-Before preparing or eating food.

-After going to the toilet

-After cleaning your nose.

Wash your body regularly

-After touching animals.

-After being outside.

When we do exercise, our bodies sweat. We need to take a shower so that we are clean and smell nice.

Wear clean clothes

Clothes can get dirty when we don’t wash them. It is important to wear clean socks and underwear every day.

Brush your teeth

Brush your teeth every morning, after eating and before you go to bed for two minutes.

Stop germs

Germs can make us sick. Remember:

-Cover your mouth when you cough.

-Don’t share water bottles.

-Throw tissues in the rubbish bin after you clean your nose.

Speaking time! What do you use the items for? Do you know more items related to hygiene?