A First Look At Communication Theory Em Griffin 10th Edition – Test Bank

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Sample Test A First Look At Communication Theory, 10e (Griffin) Chapter 3 Weighing the Words

1) Philosopher of science Abraham Kaplan said that: 1. A) theories predict that a specific type of communication triggers a particular response.

2. B) theory is a way of making sense out of a disturbing situation.

3. C) if there is no way to prove a theory false, then any claim that it’s true is hollow.

4. D) the scope of a theory’s application and its practical utility are inversely proportional.

Answer: B

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2) The ________ states that given two plausible explanations for the same event, one should accept the less complex version.

1. A) scope of a theory 2. B) rule of parsimony 3. C) requirement of falsifiability 4. D) criterion of practical utility

Answer: B Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

3) ________ is defined as the requirement that a scientific theory be stated in such a way that it can be tested and disproved if it is indeed wrong.

1. A) Falsifiability 2. B) Predictability 3. C) Practical utility 4. D) Relative simplicity

Answer: A Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

4) Interpretive scholarship is good when it: 1. A) allows us to predict how humans can interact effectively.

2. B) explains causal relationships in real­world situations.

3. C) offers fresh insight into the human condition.

4. D) separates a theorist’s values from an observed phenomenon.

Answer: C Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

5) Krippendorff’s self­referential imperative for building theory states that: 1. A) individuals should unmask unjust communication practices that create gross imbalances of power.

2. B) theorists should attempt to identify communication patterns common to all people.

3. C) theories should explain why people do what they do.

4. D) individuals should include themselves as a constituent of their own construction.

Answer: D Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

6) Which of the following criteria is least applicable to interpretive theory?

1. A) aesthetic appeal 2. B) ability to generate change 3. C) relative simplicity

4. D) agreement within a community of scholars

Answer: C Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

7) When determining how people seek to find out about things, which of the following ways reveals the meanings, relationships, and possibilities that go beyond the information from people’s senses and looks at the big picture, trying to grasp the essential patterns?

1. A) sensing 2. B) intuition 3. C) testing hypotheses 4. D) value clarification

Answer: B Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

8) If a researcher tries to establish a cause­and­effect relationship by systematically manipulating one factor, the independent variable, in a tightly controlled situation to learn its effect on another factor, the dependent variable, he or she is conducting a(n): 1. A) survey.

2. B) experiment.

3. C) textual analysis.

4. D) All of the answers are correct.

Answer: B Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

9) A method of participant observation designed to help a researcher experience a culture’s complex web of meaning is called: 1. A) textual analysis.

2. B) cross­cultural immersion.

3. C) ethnography.

4. D) in­depth survey research.

Answer: C Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

10) The most common form of textual research in the communication discipline is: 1. A) rhetorical criticism.

2. B) discourse analysis.

3. C) content analysis.

4. D) media scrutinizing.

Answer: A

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11) Critical theorists tend to reject any notion of permanent truth or meaning, and they use theory to reveal unjust communication practices that create or perpetuate an imbalance of power.

Answer: TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

12) A good objective theory is as complex as possible because its complexity binds it closely to the real world.

Answer: FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

13) A good objective theory is testable.

Answer: TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

14) A good interpretive theory can be identified by the amount of support it generates within a community of scholars who are interested and knowledgeable about the same type of communication.

Answer: TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

15) A good interpretive theory should be aesthetically appealing.

Answer: TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

16) Prediction differs from value clarification in that the former looks to the future, while the latter examines the past.

Answer: FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

17) There is no universally approved model; rhetoricians, critical theorists, and other interpreters repeatedly urge that interpretive theories should accomplish some functions.

Answer: TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

18) Interpretive theorists are constrained by the standard format for acceptable scientific writing, whereas objective theorists have more room for creativity.

Answer: FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

19) It is difficult to prove cause­and­effect relationships using the correlation data that surveys yield.

Answer: TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

20) ________ is another name for relative simplicity.

Answer: Parsimony Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

21) Outline the principal criteria for determining the value of an objective or interpretive theory.

Answer: Answers will vary Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

22) Compare the criteria for evaluating objective and interpretive theories. Do any similarities exist between them?

Answer: Answers will vary Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

23) A good objective theory is testable. How does this criterion relate to one’s belief in God? Is it testable? If so, how? If not, should we cast such a belief aside?

Answer: Answers will vary

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24) Describe some of the ethical implications of the interpretive and objective standards that make a good theory.

Answer: Answers will vary Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

25) Griffin presents six criteria for evaluating objective (scientific) theories and interpretive theories. For either objective or interpretive theories (your choice), list the six standards. Youdon’tneedtoexplainthem;justlistthem.

Answer: Answers will vary Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

A First Look At Communication Theory, 10e (Griffin) Chapter 5 Symbolic Interactionism

1) ________ is defined as the tendency for our expectations to evoke responses that confirm what we originally anticipated.

1. A) Looking­glass self 2. B) Generalized other 3. C) Self­fulfilling prophecy 4. D) Participant observation

Answer: C Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

2) Herbert Blumer stated three core principles of symbolic interactionism that deal with meaning, language, and thinking. Identify a true statement about meaning.

1. A) It is pre­existent in a state of nature.

2. B) It is negotiated through the use of language.

3. C) It is developed through self­talk.

4. D) It is inherent in objects.

Answer: B Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

3) According to George Herbert Mead, the self is an ongoing process combining the “I” and the “me.” Which of the following statements is true about the “I”?

1. A) It is organized in the self.

2. B) It is the driving force that fosters all that is novel.

3. C) It is predictable and well known.

4. D) It is the image of self seen when one takes the role of the other.

Answer: B Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

4) According to George Herbert Mead, the self is an ongoing process combining the “I” and the “me.” Identify a true statement about the “me.”

1. A) It refers to the motivating factor that drives actions.

2. B) It is spontaneous and unpredictable.

3. C) It refers to the objective self.

4. D) It is akin to right­brain creativity.

Answer: C Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

5) George Herbert Mead advocated research through a form of ethnography in which researchers systematically set out to share in the lives of the people they study; this is called: 1. A) participant observation.

2. B) survey research.

3. C) textual analysis.

4. D) experimentation.

Answer: A Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

6) According to George Herbert Mead, humans have a unique capacity to ________.

1. A) communicate with each other 2. B) be in conversation 3. C) interact with others 4. D) take the role of the other

Answer: D Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

7) The looking­glass self is defined as: 1. A) the mental image others have of us.

2. B) the mental image we introspectively think we have.

3. C) the mental self­image that results from taking the role of the other.

4. D) the mental self­image of the physical attributes that we observe.

Answer: C Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

8) For George Herbert Mead, the generalized other refers to: 1. A) a person’s general belief system.

2. B) the composite mental image a person has of his or her self based on societal expectations and responses.

3. C) a particular target or person.

4. D) the self before the “me” develops.

Answer: B Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

9) Which of the following statements is true about the book ThePresentationofSelfinEverydayLife, written by sociologist Erving Goffman, University of California, Berkeley?

1. A) In the book, he claimed that people are all involved in a constant negotiation with others to publicly define their identities and the nature of the situation.

2. B) In the book, he warned that the impression of reality fostered by a performance is a delicate, fragile thing that can be shattered by minor mishaps.

3. C) In the book, he described social interaction as a dramaturgical performance.

4. D) All of the answers are correct.

Answer: D Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

10) An inner dialogue used to test alternatives, rehearse actions, and anticipate reactions before responding is called: 1. A) minding.

2. B) a looking­glass conversation.

3. C) participant observation.

4. D) an I/me interaction.

Answer: A Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

11) Which of the following statements is true about the European Jewish philosopher Emmanuel Levinas?

1. A) He dismissed the idea that the self is socially constructed.

2. B) He used the term “ethical echo” to designate the responsibility he believed people have to take care of each other.

3. C) He contended that the looking­glass self develops through the way “others respond to us.”

4. D) He rejected the idea that the identity of an individual’s “I” is formed by the way he or she responds to others.

Answer: B Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

12) Which of the following criteria that are used to evaluate good interpretive theories does symbolic interactionism fail to meet?

1. A) clarification of values 2. B) community of agreement 3. C) reform of society 4. D) understanding of people

Answer: C Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

13) The person who coined the term “symbolic interactionism” was: 1. A) George Herbert Mead.

2. B) Herbert Blumer.

3. C) Douglas Hofstadter.

4. D) Charles Cooley.

Answer: B Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

14) Keith believes that his thoughts, self­concept, and society are created through communication. He most likely is a social constructionist.

Answer: TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

15) George Herbert Mead, an early social constructionist, thought that the true test of any theory is whether it is useful in solving complex social problems.

Answer: TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

16) George Herbert Mead believed that symbolic naming is the basis for human society.

Answer: TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

17) Most sociologists saw society as consisting of individual actors who make their own choices, whereas Herbert Mead believed in society­by­previous­ design rather than in society­in­the­making.

Answer: FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

18) There is no “me” at birth.

Answer: TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

19) The “me” is viewed as an object—the image of self seen in the looking glass of other people’s reactions.

Answer: TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

20) George Herbert Mead used tightly controlled behavioral experiments and checklist surveys to verify his theory.

Answer: FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

21) A default assumption demonstrates how a belief in our language can limit our thinking.

Answer: TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation