Angus Angles Fall 2021 by Carousel Design

NY-ANGUS.COM | New York Angus Association OFFICERS

President | Ric Coombe Vice President | Andrew King Grahamsville, NY Cobleskill, NY 914-799-1091 518-852-1587 tvangus@thunderviewfarms.com avking2508@gmail.com Secretary | Sara Fessner Bloomfield, NY 585-752-1213 sgangusfarm@gmail.com

Treasurer | Jerry Emerich Mooers, NY 518-593-0212 jemerich@premierselect.com

American Angus Association Regional Manager | Reese Tuckwiller Christianburg, VA 308-360-3048 rtuckwiller@angus.org

DIRECTORS

2022 | Brian Acomb Tim Pallokat Jon Van Derwerken

2023 | Jeff Barber Skip Lear Steve Loetterle

Upcoming Events American Angus Assoc. - National Convention November 6-8, 2021 | Fort Worth, TX Angus Angles Winter 2022 - Ad Deadline January 15, 2022 NYBPA Winter Conference & NYAA Open Board Meeting January 22, 2022 | TBD New York Farm Show February 24-26, 2022 | Syracuse, NY NYAA Female Sale May 14, 2022 | TBD

2024 | Robert Groom Chad Hazekamp John Iovieno

Advertising with NYAA Angus Angles Newsletter Pricing per issue if committed by 1/15/22 Business Card - $25.00 Half Page Ad - $100.00 Full Page Ad - $150.00

Print Advertising Deadlines The Angus Angles is published four times annually and available digitally at www.ny-angus.com. Winter Issue: 1/15/22 Spring Issue: 4/1/22 Summer Issue: 7/15/22 Fall Issue: 9/25/22

Design Services The Angus Angles is formatted by Carousel Design. If you are unable to provide a print ready ad you can contact Taylor Hoelscher for graphic design services. 716-574-9724 taylor@newcarouseldesign.com

New York Angus Association | President’s Message October 2021 Fellow Angus breeders and Supporters: It is hard to believe that we are hopefully wrapping up our harvests, weaning spring calves, welcoming falls, and getting ready for the winter six months. As I reflect on the year, we have a lot to be thankful for, we are returning to some semblance of normalcy, there were several successful Angus sales in the state this fall, and we had another excellent NYS State Fair ROV show. In addition, while making hay was challenging; we remain fortunate that mother nature provided us with a tremendous growing season, albeit rather wet. I encourage you to take a moment to reflect on your farm records, which of the following do you have readily available right now?

• Weaning weights/dates on 100% of calf crop • Pregnancy test results • Crop production records • Nutrient management records • Winter feed inventory forage results • Accurate financial records especially a profit/loss statement • Machinery repair/cost records

We can not accurately improve what we do not measure! As we enter the “slower” season I would encourage you to improve some aspects of your record keeping, whether it is collecting new data, implementing a new tracking system, just refining what you do. I am a big believer in controlling what you can control, so many aspects of agriculture are beyond our control, (like the weather!) but that should not be a convenient excuse to not fix what we can. We can improve the herd by culling open cows, selling bottom ten percent of weaning weight producers, adding lime or fertilizer to unproductive pastures to name a few. Keep watch out for our spring production sale information, the directors and sale committee are working diligently to bring the NYS Angus sale back next spring. Start looking now in the top twenty five percent of your herd for consignments. We are planning to be highly selective in the cattle we accept, as we showcase the best NYS Angus has to offer! Enjoy the fall, be thankful for your opportunity to work in agriculture and most importantly enjoy some family time around the upcoming holidays!

Ric Coombe President

Please return membership information to: NYAA 6899 Gauss Rd Bloomfield, NY 14469

New York Angus Association | Ads

BUILDING ON A STRONG FOUNDATION FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION

Superior Local Angus Beef & Quality Registered Angus Gene�cs

The Coombe Family

62 Old Brodhead Rd Grahamsville, NY 12740

Ph: (845) 985‐2189

tvangus@thunderviewfarms.com • www.thunderviewfarms.com

MAKING YOUTH OUR PRIORITY REGISTERED ANGUS

5493 Cheningo Rd Truxton, NY 13158 Carl Hinkle (607) 842-6936 Jeanetta Laudermilk, Mgr. (607) 345-6466 NewPennFarm@gmail.com

www.NewPennFarm.com 5

Sale Reports | Jerry Emerich Cow Power Sale

Angus Hill Farm Production Sale

The 48th edition of Cow Power was held August 21st hosted by Waltons Way Angus, Travis and Sarah Walton, Linwood, NY. Forty-one head crossed through the ring for an average of $2,728.00. Top of the sale was lot 31, HCC Eriskay May 7883, a 2016 SAV Regard 4863 daughter consigned by Hoffman Cattle, Co, Annandale, NJ and purchased by ZWT Ranch, Crossville, TN for $8,750. She sold bred to Deer Valley Growth Fund. Following her into the ring was her March heifer calf by SAV Rainfall 6846, who commanded the second high price of the day at $6,250, also finding a new home at ZWT Ranch.

The highest average in the Angus Hill sale series was achieved this year when 53 lots crossed through the ring on August 28th in Randolph, NY for an average of $16,848.00! Hosted by the Inkley family, this year’s offering was the result of years combining breed leading genetics demanded by progressive Angus breeders from across the country. Thirty-five percent of the sale offering ranked in the top 1% of the breed for $Combined ($C) with 78% ranking in the top 10% for $C.

Commanding the third high price of the day was lot 24 consigned by sale hosts, Waltons Way. LHR Ever Entense 7821, a 2017 daughter of Basin Payweight 1682 and pregnant to GAR Greater Good sold for $4,400 to 4 Sons Farm, Cynthiana, KY. In addition to sale host Waltons Way, cattle were consigned from a number of leading northeastern herds including Walbridge Farm, NY, River Bend Farms, NJ, Hoffman Cattle Co, NJ, Finger Lakes Cattle Co, NY, Kings Roaming Angus, NY, Tullyfergus Angus, NY, Treadway Angus, NY and Hawks Hill Farm, NY. The sale was managed by Zach Moffitt, auctioneer was Dave Mullins and Reese Tuckwiller from AAA worked the ring.

One of the highest prices for a New York bred Angus female in recent memory was achieved when lot 1, B I G/AH Home Town F169 B109 entered the sale ring. Co-owned with Big Timber, Lithia, FL, this January, 2021 GAR Home Town daughter with a $C of $405 found a new home with ST Genetics, Navasota, TX, bringing the top price of $220,000. The second high of the day was lot 2, GAR Momentum 2076, a 2016 GAR Momentum daughter consigned by the sale hosts. She sold open and ready to flush for $75,000 to Tuckaway Angus, Bradford, PA. Third high seller was lot 8D, C5/AH MS Fireball 214-2718, a September 2020 GB Fireball 672 daughter with a $C of $351. She brought $50,000 on the bid from Johnson Angus, Durham, CT. Her maternal sister by GAR Home Town, lot 8A C5 MS Hometown 234-2718 tied for the next highest price of $45,000 finding a new home with Kern Cattle, San Jacinto, CA. The sale once again was managed by the team of Parker Friedrich and Matt White. Auctioneer for the day was Dustin Layton with AAA rep Reese Tuckwiller assisting in the ring.

Trowbridge Angus Female Sale September 18th saw the most recent installment of the Trowbridge “Family Affair” Female Production sale hosted by the Trowbridge family, Ghent, NY. This year 48 lots were auctioned with an average of $4,095.00. Deer Valley Growth Fund was the sire of the two high selling animals in the sale. Commanding the top price of $13,500 was lot 5, a “sweet” bred heifer from the Elba Lizzy family. Second high was lot 1, a bred heifer from the Madame Pride family for $11,000. Winning bidder on both of these power house heifers was Stellpflug Cattle Co, Douglas, WY. Third high for the day was lot 2, Trow Brook Butter Fly 1703, a 2017 Quaker Hill Rampage 0A36 daughter bred to BJ Surpass. She brought $9,000 going to Northwind Farms, CT. As always, in addition to cattle from the Trowbridge family, several other area breeders consigned animals. These included Acomb Acres, At Ease Acres, Hanson Angus, Kings Roaming Angus, Mill Crest Acres, Mud Creek Angus, Stoffels Glenview Farm, Wesche Farms all from New York, Salem Cross Farm, MA along with Brookside Angus, Kipar Angus, Rooker Angus and Trinity Angus from PA. The sale was managed by Rance Long and the American Angus Hall of Fame. The auctioneer was Ron Kreis. Working the ring was Reese Tuckwiller from AAA, Mike Shanahan and Dick Carmichael.

YES

If both parents have real EPDs, an interim EPD will be predicted for the resulting offspring. NO

YES

NO EPDs

YES

TRAIT AGE WINDOW Birth Weight Born Within 90 Days Weaning Weight 120-280 Days Yearling Weight 320-440 Days Carcass Bulls: 320-440 Days Ultrasound Heifers: 320-460 Days Steers: 320-490 Days

American Angus Association® 3201 Frederick Ave. Saint Joseph, MO 64506 816.383.5100 angus.org

Naturally Sired Calf Edition

Why Doesn’t My Animal Have EPDs?

Performance Does your animal fit within the records submitted defined age window for the trait? on different days NO YES break up your contemporary For mature cow weight, did the cow report a progeny group. This can For ultrasound and/or yearling weight, WW within +/- 45 days of the cow weigh date? result in single did you report a weaning weight? animal NO YES NO YES contemporary groups that cannot For mature cow weight, did you also report a be used in National You have Are any of the dams less body condition score with the mature weight? Cattle Evaluation. to report a than 584 days of age? NO YES weaning NO YES weight to receive a You have to report Your EPD should carcass EPD. Your EPD should be available. a BCS along with a be available. Please call with mature weight to Please call with questions. receive an EPD. questions. NO EPDs NO EPDs NO EPDs NO EPDs

Did you submit the data all on the same day?

Have your DNA test results arrived?

YES

Was your animal in a proper contemporary group?*

YES

If results were Please wait patiently, they received in the same week, will be in soon. they need to run through the genetic evaluation that starts on Friday. EPDs including the genotype will be posted the following Friday.

Have you sent your animal in for AngusGS or HD50K testing?

Have you recorded a performance measurement on your animal? (i.e. birth, weaning, yearling weight)

Naturally Sired Calf Edition

*Embryo Transfer calves will have their own chart to follow.

*Proper Contemporary Groups | Two or more animals of the same sex born within a 90-day window under the same management conditions. DMI and PAP are exceptions to this rule where a minimum of five animals is required.

If either parents have no EPDs or those animals have an I in front of the EPD, the Association will not calculate an EPD prediction on that calf. Both parents must have real EPDs to calculate an interim EPD on that calf.

NO YES

Does the animal’s sire and dam have real EPDs? (No interims or blank boxes.)

Is your animal registered?

NO EPDs

New York State Fair 2021 | ROV Angus Show Results

GRAND CHAMPION FEMALE KBarD Savannah 6H Daisy Trowbridge | Ghent, NY

RESERVE CHAMPION FEMALE BC 669 Pure Pride 019 WBB Farm LLC | Alden, NY

Photos by Meaganish Photography & Marketing | www.meaganish.com

GRAND CHAMPION BULL C&C Farms Conversation Chaz C&C Farms | West Winfield, NY

RESERVE CHAMPION BULL TVF Ethereal Enhance 62 Thunderview Farms | Grahamsville, NY

New York State Fair 2021 | ROV Angus Show Results

GRAND CHAMPION COW CALF Equity 15 Ayaka Sue Patriot Thunderview Farms | Grahamsville, NY

RESERVE CHAMPION COW CALF TVF Presidents Payweight 947 Natalie Goldstein | Tyler Hill, PA

Photos by Meaganish Photography & Marketing | www.meaganish.com

PREMIER BREEDER & EXHIBITOR Thunderview Farms Ric& Karen Coombe Family | Grahamsville, NY

NEW YORK SPECIAL | BEST 2 HEAD Chad Hazekamp C&C Farms | West Winfield, NY

New York State Fair 2021 | Junior Angus Show NYS Junior Angus Show - August 29, 2021 The NYS Junior Angus Show in Syracuse, NY was held on August 29, 2021. Jack Oattes from Coburne, Ontario was the judge in attendance that day. The juniors kicked off the day with their traditional showmanship which was won by Daisy Trowbridge (Ghent, NY). For her excellent performance, Daisy was gifted a belt buckle to signify her win. From there, the juniors rolled into their respective age classes leading off with Cow/Calf Pairs, followed by Heifers and rounding out with Bulls. Congratulations to the following Juniors: Grand Champion Heifer - Adeline Tommell (Fonda, NY) Reserve GC Heifer - Daisy Trowbridge (Ghent, NY) Grand Champion Cow/Calf Pair - Natalie Goldstein (Tyler Hill, PA) Reserve GC Cow/Calf Pair- Evie Groom (Lyons, NY) Grand Champion Bull- Evie Groom (Lyons, NY) Reserve GC Bull - Patrick Coombe (Grahamsville, NY) In addition to the show, the juniors hosted a cornhole tournament on Monday evening that was a great success. On Tuesday, Beef Day/ NYBPA Supreme Show the juniors hosted a silent auction to help raise funds to help offset their expenses for NJAS.

New York Junior Angus | Summer 2021 New York Junior Angus - Summer 2021 1383 - The number of miles driven from our most eastern point in New York to Grand Island, Nebraska with cattle. A special thanks to Robert Groom for the long haul! This past summer was full of experiences for some of our New York Junior Angus members. Evie Groom, Anna King and Adeline Tommell all participated and exhibited cattle at the National Junior Angus Show in Grand Island, Nebraska. The NJAS may seem like a long time for some, but for our Angus Juniors, It’s the Best Week of the Summer. Early mornings and late nights make the week go by quickly. The kick off begins with each state participating in Opening Ceremonies. This is where all the kids from each state are presented in the arena. Each state submits a notes sheet which is read during their time in the spotlight. Accompanying Adeline, Anna and Evie, Daisy Trowbridge joined in for the procession. The four girls proudly represented New York and had a great photo op at the end! While at the complex, there were many activities and junior competitions to participate in. From the National Queens Luncheon to the Cattle Judging there was always a competition or social function to participate in. Sprinkled in, the NJAS does a great job of getting kids to know one another. Social gatherings with games and scavenger hunts get kids talking to others and out of their comfort zone. To culminate the week and all the friendships made, the NJAS hosts a dance party with all the kids to just let off some steam. This year, the adults had an open social as well. Another important component of the National Junior Angus Show is for our state to have representation at the annual board meeting as Delegates. This past year, Evie Groom and Adeline Tommell had the distinct honor of choosing the “Next Six” of the NJAA. This job is very important because our juniors are voting on the next newest members of the National Junior Angus Board. Meetings, a dinner to ask questions of the candidates, daily conversations with the kids vying for the top spots all added to the craziness of the week. Most folks would be dead tired by the time Wednesday of NJAS rolls around. Honestly, I think the parents are! However, Wednesday is the kickoff of the Bred and Owned Show followed by the Cow/Calf Pairs,Bull Show and the PGS (Pheno/Genotype Show) concluding with the Owned Heifer Show on Friday and Saturday. The end of the week becomes a flurry of cattle shows and thoughts of closing ceremonies. All this would not happen without the very generous support of folks that helped get our kids to the NJAS. We would like to sincerely thank our sponsors for helping get these kids to a national show: The New York Angus Association, Cheer-Up Farms (John Iovieno), Empire Livestock, Dennis and Linda Montross, McCracken Vu Farms, Taylor Hoelscher, Cabot Creamery and The Candy Apple. Join us Next Year in Kansas City July 2-July 9, 2022 at the American Royal for the Biggest Show on Dirt!

American Angus Association®

FOOT SCORE GUIDELINES Foot Angle (5 is ideal)

Claw Set (5 is ideal)

Guidelines 1 Animals must be scored prior to hoof trimming. 2 When there is variation among an animal’s feet, score the worst foot. 3 Score yearling bulls and heifers • Bulls or heifers must be at least 320 days of age at scoring time

4 Older females can be scored following guidelines used when collecting mature weights.

(Note: Foot structure changes as animals age. Scores will be adjusted for age as part of the analysis. Scores should describe the animal as they are at the time of scoring, without consideration of age).

5 Large groups of 18-month or 2-year-old bulls can also be submitted, if available.

FOOT SCORE GUIDELINES Foot Angle (5 is ideal)

Extremely straight pasterns. Very short toe. Unsound.

Moderately shallow heel and long toe. Somewhat weak pasterns.

8 9

Slightly shallow heel and long toe.

Shallow heel and long toe. Marginally unsound.

Extremely shallow heel and long toe. Extremely weak pasterns. Unsound.

Open, divergent claw set. Marginally unsound.

Moderately open/divergent claw set.

2 3

Slightly open/divergent claw set.

Slightly straight front and rear pasterns.

Ideal. Approximately 45-degree angle at pastern joint. Appropriate length of toe and depth of heel.

Extremely weak, open, divergent claw set. Unsound.

Straight front and rear pasterns. Marginally unsound.

Moderately straight front and rear pasterns.

Claw Set (5 is ideal)

Ideal. Symmetrical claws, with appropriate space between claws.

4 5

Slight tendency for claws to curl. One claw may be slightly larger than the other. Tendency for claws to curl, with one claw larger than the other.

Moderate scissor claw and/or screw claw. Curling of one or both claws. Near crossing of claws. Marginally unsound. Extreme scissor claw and/or screw claw. Pronounced curling of one or both claws. Crossing of claws. Unsound

Access AAA Login at angus.org to submit scores.

9 17

ANGUS HERD IMPROVEMENT RECORDS

TEAT & UDDER SCORING

Teat and udder conformation are traits essential to a productive cow. Poor teat or udder quality may lower herd productivity, provide an opportunity to cull females, and increase difficulty for a newborn calf to suckle. The American Angus Association accepts udder scores from members through a simple two category system, teat size and udder suspension. The teat size and udder suspension are scored on the same quarter but are scored independently. For SUBMISSION OF SCORES, they must be collected within 24 hours of calving. Teat and udder scores can be collected when collecting calf birth weight and calving ease data. Submit information through AAA Login.

GUIDELINES:

• Collect within 24 hours of calving • Use weakest quarter to score both teat size and udder suspension • Score both teat size and udder suspension on 1-9 scale, independently • Calving ease and birth weight data can also be collected at the same time • Submit data with calving book information • Best if one person scores all females in each management group

TEAT & UDDER SCORECARD FOR CATTLE Udder Suspension

Teat Size Very large & misshapen

Very pendulous

Large

Pendulous

Intermediate

Small

Tight

Very small

Very tight

WWW.NY-ANGUS.COM

Grazing Corn Stalks with Beef Cattle

Feeding stored feeds in winter months is a major cost of beef cow-calf and backgrounding operations. Extending the grazing season by grazing corn crop residue may be an economically viable option for beef producers in Pennsylvania.

important yield robbers in the subsequent years' soybean crop. Also, cattle grazing corn crop residue break down corn stalks more efficiently than simply weathering might. The cattle convert these corn stalks to manure, leaving carbon and nutrients on the soil, where crops can benefit from them. This is more efficient than baling corn stalks and feeding them at an offsite location. Baled corn stalks, while an excellent winter feed option in some cases, do require additional input costs (e.g. baling, storing, labor, etc.) when compared to simply grazing that corn crop residue in the field. While there are several potential benefits of incorporating corn residue in to a beef cattle operation, some worry about compaction of the soil and subsequent yield losses. However, not only has research has shown no difference between grazed and ungrazed fields in subsequent yields (Nebraska Beef Report, 2001), but it has also demonstrated that on high-yielding fields, removing some of the residue by grazing may increase subsequent crop yield (Nebraska Beef Report, 2003). Table 1. Nutritional content of corn crop residue

Corn

Dry Matter (%)

Crude Protein Range (%)

Average Crude IVDMD Average Protein 1 Range IVDMD (%) (%) 1 (%)

Grain

9.5 11.2

10.2

Leaf

Husk

Why Graze Corn Residue

In 2017, Pennsylvania harvested 920,000 acres of corn, which produced approximately 150 million bushels (161 bu/acre) of corn grain (USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service – NASS, 2018). For every bushel of corn, there are approximately 18 lb of stem, 16 lb of husk and leaves, and 5.8 to 6.0 lb of cobs left as residue (all on a dry matter [DM] basis) in the field (University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Beef Extension Program). Using these estimates, the state of PA produced enough husk and leaves in 2017 to feed more than 6 million Animal Unit Months (AUM 1 ) – how many months 1, 1,000 lb grazing animal could graze. Six million AUMs would equate to more than enough residue to feed the entire PA beef herd during fall and winter. While gaining winter feed is one benefit, there are several other potential benefits of incorporating corn residue into a beef cattle operation. For example, during corn harvest, there are always kernels that are dropped or lost from the combine. Cows grazing in the harvested corn field will consume most of this corn left behind on the ground, thereby reducing volunteer corn in the subsequent years. This reduction in volunteer corn is beneficial because volunteer corn is one of the most

88 - 95

6.2 - 7.5 7

41 - 65

3.0 - 4.0 3.5

63 - 72

Cob

2.1 - 3.8 2.8

59 - 65

Stalk

3.0 - 5.1 3.7

45 - 60

1 In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility (IVDMD) is approximately equal to total digestible nutrients (TDN). Adapted from: University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Extension (document EC278)

Strategies for Optimizing Residue Grazing

While corn crop residue can provide some additional grazing days to a beef system, there are some factors that must be considered to optimize the use of the residue. The nutrient of corn crop residue varies depending on the part of the plant that animals selectively graze (Table 1). Using managed grazing strategies can help force cattle to consume more uniform diets and improve their utilization of the residue. For example, given access to an entire corn field, cattle will select and eat any grain still in the field first, followed by the husk and leaf (which are more palatable than stalks), and finally eat the cob and stalk. Thus, producers interested in grazing corn residue should consider implementing grazing management techniques, like strip grazing, which is a managed grazing system that involves giving livestock a fresh allocation of forage, usually controlled by the use of an electric fence, to maximize the use of the available residue. Results may improve if cattle are not forced to eat cobs and stalks. While managed grazing of corn residue can help optimize the number of grazing days possible, it is always important to keep in mind how probable it may be. Weather can often be the major factor determining the actual number of grazing days in a given operation. Corn crop residue grazing works great after corn harvest until winter weather conditions start kicking in. In fact, most beef cows can successfully graze corn residue fields that have up to 4 to 6 inches of snow cover. However, cattle will not be able to graze fields that are covered with ice. Therefore, as many as 120 days could be possible, it could be just as likely that you may only get 45 days before a weather event halts grazing. Because of this reliance on the weather, always keep in mind the importance of having an emergency feed supply, such as hay or silage, for use in case severe weather does limit grazing.

Feeding in Corn Crop Residue in Various Cattle Systems

In addition to grazing strategies, managing corn crop residue for specific classes of cattle can also be beneficial. For instance, spring-calving cows grazing corn crop residue will have sufficient energy and protein to meet their requirements in mid-gestation. In addition, dry cows should easily maintain body weight, and may gain weight, in corn crop residue grazing programs because grazing corn crop residue supplies sufficient nutrients for this production stage. Unlike the cows, first-calf heifers in the 90 days prior to calving will need protein and energy supplementation to meet nutrient requirements if they are grazed on corn crop residue. Feeding, on a dry matter basis, 3.5 lb of whole soybeans, 4.5 lb of dry brewers grains, or 3.5 lb of dried distillers grains (DDGS) per head per day would meet this need. Salt, mineral, and Vitamin A supplements are recommended for all cattle grazing crop residue.

Page 2

Fall-calving cows will also need additional protein and energy to meet their nutrient requirements when grazing corn crop residue. Because fall calving cows will generally be grazing corn crop residue less than 3 months after calving. Within the first 3 months after calving, cows have the greatest nutrient requirements and will need 4.5 lb per head per day of a supplement that is at least 30% protein and 90% total digestible nutrients (TDN) on a dry matter basis (whole soybeans are an option) in addition to the corn crop residue they are grazing. Alternatively, feeding, on a dry matter basis, 6 lb of dry brewers grains or 5 lb of DDGS per head per day would meet this need. Spring-born calves weaned in the fall can also be wintered, or grown, on corn crop residue. Research has demonstrated that DDGS fed at 2 lb per head per day when calves are grazing corn crop residue will usually meet protein requirements to allow calves to achieve 1 lb of daily gain. Also, feeding whole soybeans at 2.5 lb per head per day or dry brewers grains at 3 lb per head per day will meet the same requirements.

Important Considerations to Keep in Mind

Regardless of the class of cattle grazed on corn crop residue, cattle turned into a harvested corn field will selectively consume all the corn grain left behind first. Thus, it is important to scout fields prior to grazing in order to determine the amount of corn present and to look for piles that could cause grain overload which can result in bloat or death in cattle. If there is more than 8 to 10 bushels of corn per acre on the ground, a grazing strategy such as strip grazing to control corn intake will be imperative to limit the corn grain intake. It is also essential to recognize the variations in quality of the residue grazed throughout the season. While the quality of a grazed corn crop residue diet may start at approximately 70% TDN, it then decreases to as low as 45% TDN at the end of the grazing period. The rate of quality decline is dependent on stocking rate and environmental factors such as moisture, precipitation, and field conditions. Thus, because of these environmental factors, there is an advantage of letting cows graze during the first months after harvest (October, November, December), instead of using the field later in winter (January and February).

Calculating Stocking Density

Calculating an adequate stocking density, so you neither underfeed nor overfeed expensive supplements to certain classes of cattle, is imperative. The amount of grain, husk, and leaf available per animal will define stocking density and directly affect diet quality as these plant structures are highly digestible. Grazing days and stocking density can be determined using the estimate of 50% utilization of the leaf and husk, to maintain some residue on the field to assist with erosion control and organic matter management and taking into consideration that some residue disappears by trampling and other factors. Therefore, 160 bu corn produces 2,560 lb (160 Grazing Corn Stalks with Beef Cattle

bu/acre x 16 lb per bu, as mentioned before) of leaf and husk per acre on a dry matter basis. Half of that (1,280 lb) of husk and leaf is available for the animal to consume. This would be equivalent to 1.88 AUM, or 1,280 lb of husk and leaf per acre at 50% use divided by 680 lb of feed per AUM. One AUM is the amount of forage required to sustain a 1,000 lb cow or equivalent for a month, and it has been determined that a 1,000 lb cow will consume 680 lb of dry mater monthly. This same acre would be able to provide feed for a 1,000 lb cow for 56 days (1.88 x 30 days). It's important to mention that cob and stalk won't meet nutrient requirements of the late gestation cow, and it would lose weight if kept in the field for a few more weeks.

Conclusion

Corn crop residue grazing is a viable and economical option for late fall and winter in Pennsylvania. Coupling corn crop residue grazing with byproduct supplementation can help keep winter feed costs low. Strategies to maximize the number of grazing days possible should be considered. With these strategies, beef farmers can extend the grazing season and keep productivity, even improve it with supplemental energy and protein according to various cattle systems.

Sources

1. Erickson, Galen; Klopfenstein, Terry; Jordon, D.J.; Luedtke, Walker; and Lesoing, Gary. Impact of Grazing Corn Stalks in the Spring on Crop Yields. "2001 Beef Cattle Report" (2001). Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports. 283.

Jessica A. Williamson, Ph.D. Extension Forage Specialist Tara L. Felix Extension Beef Specialist tfelix@psu.edu 814-865-0065

Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences research and extension programs are funded in part by Pennsylvania counties, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Where trade names appear, no discrimination is intended, and no endorsement by Penn State Extension is implied. This publication is available in alternative media on request. Penn State is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer, and is committed to providing employment opportunities to all qualified applicants without regard to race, color, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, disability, or protected veteran status. This article, including its text, graphics, and images ("Content"), is for educational purposes only; it is not intended to be a substitute for veterinary medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a licensed doctor of veterinary medicine or other licensed or certified veterinary medical professional with any questions you may have regarding a veterinary medical condition or symptom. © The Pennsylvania State University 2021 Code: ART-5639

2. Rasby, Rick J.; Drewnoski, Mary E.; and Stalker, Aaron. " Grazing Crop Residues with Beef Cattle " (2014). University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Extension. EC278.

3. Williamson, Jessica A. " The Benefits of Managed Grazing Systems ". Penn State Extension.

4. Wilson, Casey B.; Erickson, Galen E.; Klopfenstein, Terry J.; and Luedtke, Walker. " Effects of Grazing corn Stalks in the Spring on Subsequent Crop Yields " (2003). Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports. 216. 5. Wilson, Casey B.; Erickson, Galen E.; Klopfenstein, Terry J.; Rasby, Richard J.; Adams, Don C.; and Rush, Ivan G., " A Review of Corn Stalk Grazing on Animal Performance and Crop Yield " (2004). Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports. 215.

*1 One Animal Unit Month (AUM) is the amount of forage required to sustain a 1,000 pound cow or equivalent for one month and it has been determined that a 1,000 pound cow will consume 680 pounds of dry matter monthly.

Authors

Tiago Brandao Freitas Post Doc tub594@psu.edu Page 3

Grazing Corn Stalks with Beef Cattle

The Angus Herd Improvement Records program is available for American Angus Association members who aim to make genetic progress in their herds. Within AHIR, you can choose to report data through Individual or Inventory options.

INDIVIDUAL REPORTING:

INVENTORY REPORTING:

Turn in data on the calves you want to report $3 per calf

Requirements:

Turn in data on females over 12 months of age $2 per cow

Requirements:

Calf (birth date, sex, dam) Birth Weight AND/OR Weaning Weight

Calf (birth date, sex, dam) Reason code for no calf Disposal code for the cow

Benefits:

•Easy and simple enrollment process • Keeps cow inventory current • Reporting on the whole herd gives full credit to good performers • Assist the Association in data collection • Provides insight into economically relevant traits such as fertility and longevity

Benefits:

• Easy to report • Report as many calves as you want

WHY SHOULD I SUBMIT PERFORMANCE RECORDS THROUGH AHIR? To improve the accuracy and strength of your Association’s breeding tools, it is important we continue to collect performance data, specifically on traits that contribute to maternal productivity. AHIR now has two reporting options, Individual and Inventory, with the goal of bettering the tools used by our membership. It is now easier than ever to report data on your current cow herd with the implementation of Inventory Reporting. Additionally, the Inventory option provides insights into economically relevant traits relating to maternal function that can be difficult to characterize.

MATERNALPLUSTM:

Earned designation from reporting additional data

Requirements:

Heifer breeding records AND For inventoried cows, a weaning weight, disposal code, OR reason code

Benefits:

• Get all the Inventory Reporting benefits PLUS more • Receive CED, BW, & WW EPDs on unregistered calves • Earn a designation that will be found on the EPD/ Pedigree lookup • Increase the accuracy of heifer pregnancy EPD • Receive additional herd reports

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS 1. What does it cost to enroll in Inventory Reporting? Through the inventory reporting system, each female >12 months of age will be assessed a $2 fee upon enrollment. This fee will allow your next calf crop to be submitted free of charge. This $2 fee replaces the $3 fee paid on calves at birth or weaning weight data submission.

2. Where do I enroll in Inventory Reporting? Program enrollment is available on the main page of AAA login to start the process. Here you clean up your herd inventory moving cows no longer “active” to the “inactive” list.

3. When is the best time to enroll in Inventory Reporting? The most effective time to enroll your herd is after your current calf crop is weaned and before your next calf crop has started calving. Therefore, if your herd is mainly a spring calving herd, you are best to enroll your herd from November to January. If you are primarily a fall calving herd, it is best to enroll your herd from May to July.

4. What if I am already enrolled in MaternalPlus? If you are already enrolled in MaternalPlus, you are essentially enrolled in Inventory reporting and will earn the MaternalPlus designation in the first year of the program.

5. What does earning the MaternalPlus designation do for my operation? Earning the designation, shows your operation’s dedication to data reporting and recording. With that, the MaternalPlus designation will be applied to the EPD/Pedigree lookup online while the current benefits of MaternalPlus will continue to be offered. These include CED, BW and WW EPDs on unregistered calves, and additional herd management reports.

6. Does Inventory Reporting change the way data is currently reported? Whether you report calving, weaning, breeding or disposal data, through AAA Login, AIMS, or another cattle management software program, you do not need to change your data reporting habits. Prior to your enrollment date, you will need to update and accept your cow inventory through AAA Login for the coming year.

7. What group of calves will Inventory Reporting apply to? With inventory reporting, you are essentially pre-paying for next year’s calf crop. This means if you enroll your cowherd in January 2021 that enrollment covers the 2021 calf crop.

8. Is it challenging to enroll in the Inventory Reporting option? The new enrollment process has been created to be easy and simplified with step-by-step instructions. Help options are available throughout the interface. If additional assistance is needed, contact a Customer Service Representative at 816-383-5100.

9. What happens to the animals that are inactivated upon enrollment with Inventory Reporting? During your initial enrollment, moving animals to the inactive list will cancel these animals out of your Registered and Active herd inventories. If a cow is accidentally moved to inactive, upon reporting that calf, you will be charged a $3 individual per calf fee and that dam will be moved back to your active list to be accounted for in your next reenrollment .

10. If my females are cancelled, where can I see individual AHIR records and/or progeny reports on these females? Understanding that dam production records are useful when managing and marketing progeny and grand-progeny, members are still able to see production records on females that have been culled OR sold out of the herd. Members simply need to go to My Herd -> Animal Lists -> Cancelled Animals or Reports -> Dam Reports -> Produce of Dam Report. Search by “Tag” and check the box “Include previously owned dams”. AMERICAN ANGUS ASSOCIATION | 3201 FREDERICK AVE. SAINT JOSEPH, MISSOURI | 64506 | 816.383.5100 | ANGUS.ORG | ANGUS@ANGUS.ORG