Survey on Determining training demand to support involvement, capacity

SURVEY REPORT ON “DETERMINING TRAINING DEMAND TO SUPPORT INVOLVEMENT, CAPACITY AND DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTH AND YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS”

2020.06.30

CONTENT Page number

SURVEY METHODOLOGY AND STRUCTURE

3-13

1. INFORMATION ABOUT SURVEY RESPONDENTS

14-18

2. YOUTH URGENT PROBLEMS

19-24

3. YOUTH TRAINING DEMANDS

25-31

4. POLICY AND PROGRAMS FOR YOUTH

32-37

5. INVOLVEMENT RATE

38-43

6. YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS

44-52

7. YOUTH LIFE SKILLS

53-56

8. YOUTH VOLUNTEER WORKS

57-61

9. SOURCE OF INFORMATION

62-66

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

67-74

SURVEY SCOPE

Deadline: From May 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020 - 2 months (60 days) Survey goal: Study and evaluate training demands to impact factual contribution to youth development, increase of informative youth involvement and improvement of youth initiatives, capacity and possibilities of youth organizations in Ulaanbaatar city, Bayankhongor, Khentii, Dornogobi and Selenge provinces

Selenge

Khentii 3 districts in UB city

Bayankhongor

Dornogobi

3

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

SURVEY METHODOLOGY LAYOUT SURVEY ISSUES (KAP SURVEY)

SURVEY PHASE I Demand for training

Factors to support and to hinder involvement

Program, law, policy documents

Policy, program, investment

SURVEY DATA COLLECTION METHOD

SURVEY PHASE II Questionnaire F2F

FGD, KII – Focus group and Key informant interviews

Studies on policy documents

2020 MMCG. All rights reserved

SURVEY REPORT

SURVEY PHASE III Progress report

Brief report /ppt/

Final report /MS word/

Annexes

DEVELOPING PRE-TRAINING AND POST-TRAINING EVALUATION

SURVEY PHASE IV

METHODOLOGY 4

QUANTITATIVE SURVEY SCOPE AND SAMPLING •

•

As of the end of 2018, number of youth between 15-34 years old in Mongolia is 1,054,143 (34.6% of the population). Number of youth of same age within the project “All for YOUTH and YOUTH for all” or in Ulaanbaatar city and 4 target provinces is 591,519. Of which, 477,249 live in Ulaanbaatar city and 114,270 live in country. Of total, 193,057 people are residing in sampled districts and soums.

480 units (youth) are involved to 95% confidence level and 4.5% error margin survey. As for Ulaanbaatar sampling, one unit or one person aged 15-34 represents 737 young people (average). As for province, one unit or one person represents 127 young people (on average).

Youth aged 15-34

No

District, soum

Youth number

Sample size (Neumann)

15-17 years old/adolescents/ Students of 10-12 grades of general schools, TVETs, not studying, unemployed group

Sample size

18-24 years old/juveniles/

25-34 years old/young people/

University Others students, not /Unemployed studying, Sample size , employed, Sample size employed and uneducated unemployed youth/ youth

I 1.1

Ulaanbaatar city Bayanzurkh district

84,730

93

12,576

25

23,651

30

48,503

38

1.2

Sukhbaatar district

32,759

58

5,035

15

9,080

20

18,644

23

Khan-Uul district

41,814 159,303

65 216

5,595 23,206

15 55

9,795 42,526

20 70

26,424 93,571

30 91

7,592

63

1,117

15

1,805

20

4,670

27

7,190

61

1,032

15

1,566

20

4,592

26

8,342

66

1,126

15

1,822

20

5,394

31

10,630

75 264

1,314 4,589

15 60

2,409 7,602

20 80

6,907 21,563

40 124

1.3 Sum II 2.1 III 3.1 IV 4.1 V 5.1 Sum

TOTAL

Khentii province Kherlen soum Selenge province Sukhbaatar soum Dornogobi province Sainshand soum Bayankhongor province Bayankhongor soum

33,754

480

5

QUANTITATIVE SURVEY

68.7

CITIZEN INVOLVED FROM SELECTED SOUM, DISTRICT

N~480 = 495

n=495

CENTERS OF 4 SAMPLES PROVINCES

ULAANBAATAR CITY

216 63

KHENTII

N=193,057

SELENGE

ERROR MARGIN 4.5%

61

DORNOGOBI

66

BAYANKHONGOR

75

YOUTH ARE INVOLVED

DATA PROCESSING

Sample size is 55/45% or ratio 264/216 for provinces and capital city. Survey sample size or number of youth to involve was distributed to selected districts by Neumann balanced distribution method (arithmetic mean of proportional distribution and balanced distribution).

METHOD AND CONTROL OF QUANTITATIVE DATA COLLECTION DATA COLLECTION WORK IS ORGANIZED BASED ON SPECIALIZED RESEARCH PROGRAM .

REAL TIME control is important for increasing data correctness and improving daily progress of researchers and improving data quality. The photos show control procedures of survey data collection. Data controllers allocate survey data to pending, approved and rejected status on control panel; the questionnaires in rejected status are considered of poor quality data and not used in further processing.

5%

PERSONALLY MET WITH RESPONDENT YOUTH FOR MONITORING..

30%

REVIEWED AUDIO RECORDINGS OF INTERVIEWS.

50%

RE-CONTACTED RESPONDENTS ON PHONE

RESPONDENTS’ GPS 100% DETERMINED LOCATION

SURVEY DATA COLLECTION WAS ORGANIZED AS 100% FACE-TO-FACE INTERVIEW

BY USING TABLETS. SURVEY DATA COLLECTION WORK LASTED BETWEEN MAY 18, 2020-JUNE 12, 2020 FOR 21 DAYS 7

ҮНДЭСНИЙ СУДАЛГААНЫ КОМПАНИ

INTEGRATED SOLUTION OF COLLECTING TRUE AND CORRECT INFORMATION AND PROVIDING REAL TIME CONTROL DATA IS COLLECTED BY USING SPECIALIZED RESEARCH PROGRAM-BASED TABLETS AND COMPUTERS. ADVANTAGES: ALL IN ONE ACTION DATA COLLECTION AND DATA ENTRY

DETERMINES GPS LOCATION – SURVEYED POINTS

INTERVIEWS ARE AUDIO RECORDED

NO MECHANIC ERRORS DUE TO PROGRAMMED LOGIC CORRELATION OF 1 2 3 4 5 QUESTIONNAIRES

EVALUATION BY PERCENTAGE:

MAPPING IS AVAILABLE

3G/4G NETWORK ENABLES ONTIME DATA TRANSFER

RESEARCHERS SAFETY IS PROVIDED

EVALUATION BY 1-5 SCALE SYSTEM:

1

2

High % 1-2 points “BAD” rating

3 3 points “Average” rating

4

5

4-5 points “GOOD” rating

Low % 8

SURVEY RESPONDENT’S SCREENING 15-34 years old or reached the age stated in article 3.1 of Youth development support law Officially registered in sampled province, district /evidenced on the address in national ID card/ Permanently lives at current location/address or has permanently lived for 1 and more years; Agreed to participate in the survey on voluntary basis; Accepted related provisions of ESOMAR Code, international standard of research ethics, and ISO 20252:2019, international standard of market, social and public opinion research including indepth and data analysis

9

ҮНДЭСНИЙ СУДАЛГААНЫ КОМПАНИ

QUALITATIVE SURVEY In order to verify quantitative indicators of training demands among youth and youth organizations by qualitative survey:

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION (FGD)

1 FGD 1 FGD

KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEW (KII)

15-17 YEARS OLD

50 KII YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS

18-24 YEARS OLD

31 NGOs, clubs, unions 19 Government organizations

YOUTH BETWEEN 15-34 YEARS OLD

25-34 YEARS OLD

1 FGD

10

ҮНДЭСНИЙ СУДАЛГААНЫ КОМПАНИ

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION Under this survey we organized 1 FGD per age group, of total 3 FGDs in Ulaanbaatar city and involved 27 young people. In order to conform the focus group discussion to international standards, eliminate any interferences and identify respondents’ opinions, we organized the discussions in specially equipped rooms.

15-17 AGED FGD

18-24 AGED FGD

25-34 AGED FGD

11

ҮНДЭСНИЙ СУДАЛГААНЫ КОМПАНИ

KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEW/KII/ Key informant interview aims to collect data on current issue from wide scope of representatives of community leaders, experts and others. The key informants with certain knowledge and perception can provide information, solution and recommendation on the nature and cause of the problem. Key informant interviews involved 50 governmental and non-governmental organizations engaged in youth involvement and development, representatives of groups and associations, management, managers and officials in charge of youth issues in 4 target provinces and Ulaanbaatar city.

Dornogobi province

Ulaanbaatar city 1 Ministry of Labor and Social Protection 2 Family, Youth and Development Agency 3 Municipal Youth Development Agency 4 Youth Advisory Committee, UNO 5 Association of SME Youth 6 Zorig Foundation 7 Youth Control to Policy NGO 8 LEAD Mongolia NGO 9 Mongolian national Wheelchair Users Association 10 Common Development NGO Bayankhongor province 1 Social Policy Department of Governor’s Office 2 Family, Youth and Development Agency 3 Labor and Welfare Service Agency 4 Youth Development Center 5 Youth Committee 6 Youth Association at the Citizens Representatives Khural 7 Union for Youth Development 8 Photographers Association of Bayankhongor province 9 “Youth Desire Club” 10 Branch of Mongolian Youth Association 11 Obliged Youth NGO 12 Student Association of Baynakhongor province

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Social Policy Department of Governor’s Office Family, Youth and Development Agency Labor and Welfare Service Agency Youth Development Center Oriental Leader Youth NGO OLY NGO – Volunteer Youth Club Morning Wonder Club Trust, Heart, Approach NGO “Oriental Reflection” Photographers Association Branch of Mongolian Youth Association Women Association Social Democracy Mongolian Youth Federation Student Association of Dornogobi province Blue wind of Gobi NGO Mongolian Family Well-being Association Lifelong Education Center

Selenge province 1 Family, Youth and Development Agency 2 Youth Development Center 3 Beautiful Mind NGO 4 Youth Union of Selenge province NGO 5 Branch of Mongolian Youth Association 6 Sukhbaatar for Development NGO Khentii province 1 Social Policy Department of Governor’s Office 2 Family, Youth and Development Agency 3 Labor and Welfare Service Agency 4 Youth Development Center 5 Youth Committee 6 Khentii Leader Youth NGO

12

ҮНДЭСНИЙ СУДАЛГААНЫ КОМПАНИ

DOCUMENT STUDIES We reviewed the following policy documents, laws and programs in the framework of document studies and conducted stakeholder analysis.

1. Law on Promotion of Youth Development (2017) 2. National Programme on Youth Development (2019) 3. Regulation of Youth Development Subcommittee (2018) 4. Methodology of calculating general youth statistics (2018) 5. Presentation on Human Development of Mongolia (2016) 6. Plan on capacity-building of youth governmental organizations in Mongolia (2014) 7. “Youth in Capital city” sub-programme (2017) 8. Governmental and Governor Action plans (2016-2020) 9. Province and Municipal FYCDA Plans and Reports (2016-2020) 10. UNFPA “Youth Development Programme” (2013-2017) project evaluation and report 11. Сregulation on registering and confirming volunteer works (2019) 12. Youth Development sub-programmes in provinces (2017)

13

1. GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1

AGE AND GENDER STRUCTURE

1.2

EDUCATION

1.3

EMPLOYMENT, SCHOOLING

1.4

HOUSEHOLD INCOME

1.5

FAMILY STATUS, TYPES OF DWELLING

15

PERCENTAGE OF SURVEY RESPONDENTS TO SAMPLING 12%

15%

13%

Selenge

3 districts in UB city

Khentii

48% Bayankhongor

Dornogobi

12%

STRUCTURE OF QUANTITATIVE SURVEY RESPONDENTS PROVINCE/DISTRICT

GENDER

HOUSEHOLD INCOME/MONTHS/

AGE GROUP

up to 600 thousand

MEN

15-17 years old

20%

23% 600 thous - 1 mln

48%

52%

48%

WOMEN

18-24 years old

52%

39%

2%

42%

19%

1%

0.1%

NGO

International organization

10%

Governmental organization

12%

Unemployed

13%

Entreprenure

15%

Student

Private entity

44% Refused to answer

24%

EDUCATIONAL LEVEL

29%

School pupil

18%

Province

EMPLOYMENT

18%

1 mln - 1.5 mln 1.5 mln +

25-34 years old UB city

33%

36%

University education

High school, Vocational

Secondary and lower

16

FAMILY STATUS 66% of the survey respondents are single youth. But, 27% or 1 out of 4 respondents are married, 4% have cohabitants and 2% family status is unclear. 3 out of 4 respondents in Selenge province are single but 1 out of 3 respondents in Bayankhongor province is married.

6.6% of respondents in Dornogobi province have cohabitants and 6.2% of respondents in Khentii province can’t determine their family status.

66%

27%

4% Never married

Married

Cohabitant

2%

0%

0%

Unclear

Divorced/Anulled

Separated 17

TYPES OF DWELLING 54% of respondents live in own apartments and 22% live in houses. Higher percent of young respondents living in Mongolian ger dwelling are in Bayankhongor and Khentii provinces and higher percent of young respondents living in rental apartments are in Ulaanbaatar city and Dornogobi province.

62%

UB Khentii

59%60% 54%

34%

36%

33%31%

Dornogobi Bayankhongor

Selenge Total

30%31%

28% 22%

16%16%

15% 6%

Apartment

House

8% 2%

Mongolian ger Own

16%

14% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1%

Cottage

10% 3% 3% 4%

Apartment

Rental 18

2. URGENT ISSUES 2.1 UNEMPLOYMENT 2.2 INSUFFICIENT WORKPLACES 2.3 INSUFFICIENT CONSULTING SERVICES

THE MOST URGENT ISSUE FOR YOUTH IS UNEMPLOYMENT

According to 30% of the respondents or 1 out of 3 young respondents have urgent issues of unemployment and workplaces. This indicator is the highest in Bayankhongor province and the lowest in Selenge province. According to 17% of the respondents, lack of places to spend free time is the urgent issue. This indicator is higher in Khentii province and Ulaanbaatar city. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the urgent issues with the highest percentages and intensify trainings and consulting services related to these issues.

Unemployment and lack of workplaces Lack of places to spend free time Youth have bad education, obtain poor quality education Youth have bad communication and bureaucratic High consumption of toxic substances as alcohol, cigarettes Youth earn low wages, can’t get their wages Youth are lazy, low involvement Difficult to purchase an apartment suite Difficult to study, high tuition fee Lack of gyms, basketball fields and baskets Strong discrimination Arrogant, abuse each other Libraries are insufficient, no place to read books Family instability, much divorce Youth can’t express their opinions Environmental pollution Insufficient state support for youth Poor environment and green facilities Bad opportunities for self-development Insufficient playgrounds No parks, lack of parks and gardens Poor psychological and sexual education, lack of related trainings Lack of work experiences hinder finding a job Poor finances and financial support to youth Swimming pools

Total

UB

Dornogobi

Selenge

Khentii

30% 17% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 4% 4% 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 0% 0% 0%

30% 17% 13% 8% 4% 5% 4% 6% 4% 2% 3% 3% 1% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 1% 1% 1% 0% 0% 0%

30% 16% 3% 7% 8% 10% 7% 0% 5% 7% 5% 3% 5% 2% 3% 3% 2% 3% 0% 0% 2% 0% 2% 0% 0%

22% 16% 5% 3% 7% 3% 7% 0% 3% 5% 2% 0% 3% 3% 2% 2% 0% 0% 2% 2% 0% 0% 2% 0% 0%

27% 21% 6% 8% 19% 6% 6% 3% 3% 5% 5% 3% 3% 2% 3% 2% 3% 2% 3% 2% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

Bayankhong or 36% 15% 5% 13% 5% 5% 1% 7% 3% 5% 1% 4% 4% 4% 0% 1% 0% 0% 3% 1% 1% 1% 0% 0% 1%

20

THE QUALITATIVE SURVEY CONFIRMED THAT UNEMPLOYMENT WORKPLACES ARE THE URGENT ISSUES FOR YOUTH. “Youth have just graduated from university but they are required to HAVE 2-3 years of WORK EXPERIENCES, that is why they can’t get a job. We need a place to practice new graduates in order to reach the level required by employers”.

-from FGD of age group 18-24...

“Not every young person is stupid nor every old person is clever. Few people know these words. When I want to get a job, I am rejected because I have NO EXPERIENCES, however, experienced people are not initiative”.

- from FGD of age group 15-17...

AND

LACK

OF

“WORKPLACE is difficult problem for youth. No one wants to hire a new graduate but require experience. People like me or who has stayed home for 3-4 years also can’t get a job because we are outdated. So, there is only way to do own business like me. I need a training on how to start a small business, how to write projects. As I observed, education, in particular, family education is vital for youth. Family planning, reproduction education seem to be very important”.

- from FGD of age group 25-34...

“I was UNEMPLOYED but has been employed for last 3-4 years. I was so happy to get a job. People usually undervalue their jobs. In my opinion, if you enjoy doing that job without undervaluing as heavy or light, it will be useful for you. It is considered that Mongolian youth are lazy. However, youth express their opinions, started working as well started working hard these days”.

- from FGD of age group 25-34...

LACK OF WORKPLACES IN COUNTRY “Youth survey shows that youth consider that there is LACK OF WORKPLACES. Although the survey shows this result, there are workplaces available for youth. If they are initiative and bring us their projects, we have some projects and programs to support the youth.

-Family, Youth and Child Development Agency of Khentii province

“Youth encounter many problems. Youth never visit me to discuss about their urgent problems. As a person managing a youth organization, I see much UNEMPLOYMENT. Even they want to work, we have no workplaces. As the result, many young people are addicted to alcohol now”.

- Family, Youth and Child Development Agency of Selenge province

“There is a big sector problem like health problem, employment problem and educational problem among youth. Youth want to get high wages. But they can’t reach it. Because of widespread mining, only people called ninjas can find some jobs. They are interested in working as public officers, however, only about 10 vacancies are available a year. Youth have INCOME PROBLEM. There are no large factories, which absorb youth force. Approaches, education and youth income problems are actual problems”.

- Family, Youth and Child Development Agency of Bayankhongor province

“The most urgent problem among youth is when young people aged 15-30 want to GET A JOB. After 6 months of employment, there is a selection process. EMPLOYER REQUIREMENTS AND CRITERIA FOR NOMINATES ARE TOO HEAVY. Our organization has been implementing a project on preparing full-time employees to obtain skills for getting a job and skills after getting the job”.

-Zorig Foundation

CONSULTATION SERVICES FOR YOUTH ARE THE MOST INSUFFICIENT As for insufficient activities for youth in country, 58% of the respondents mentioned that CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION SERVICES ARE THE MOST INSUFFICIENT. This indicator is the highest in Khentii province. 52% of the respondents or 1 out of 2 youth mentioned that life skills education and trainings are insufficient. This indicator is the highest in Ulaanbaatar city. The highest percent of respondents in Selenge and Khentii provinces mentioned about insufficiency of activities on preventing from violence, in particular, from gender-based violence.

Consultation services for youth Life skills education and training Activities on preventing from violence, in particular, from gender-based violence Library/reading corner Others Activities on sexual and reproductive health for youth and adolescents Many kinds of interest clubs like hiking, singing, dancing, chess, speech craft, etc Activities based on youth initiatives and involvement Activities to support youth from vulnerable group Health activities for youth like fitness, sports, etc

Total

UB

Dornogobi

58% 52%

57% 54%

56% 51%

55% 48%

64% 53%

Baynkhongo r 59% 49%

50%

48%

44%

57%

58%

47%

49% 47%

55% 53%

41% 38%

48% 52%

31% 44%

51% 37%

45%

44%

39%

57%

48%

43%

44%

47%

31%

34%

50%

47%

43% 43% 28%

45% 40% 32%

39% 46% 8%

48% 50% 31%

47% 42% 17%

35% 43% 39%

Selenge Khentii

23

KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS REQUIRED FOR YOUTH “People have bad knowledge about SOFTWARE. Training to provide beginners or basic knowledge would be appreciated. Recently, I saw on internet a training on writing codes for school children addicted to mobile phones, it seemed so useful”.

-from FGD of age group 18-24...

“Children like learning from the culture of world countries, therefore, they need to learn FOREIGN LANGUAGES. However, children might approach valueless to free trainings. The training fee must not be high but maybe it has some point or score to reach and if a student reaches it, he can take back his tuition fee, maybe in such case children would be more hardworking”.

- from FGD of age group 18-24...

“From social side, youth have poor FINANCIAL EDUCATION. Education system of foreign countries include lessons about banks, finances and loans. The youth, who do businesses, have bad understanding about business loans. Due to bad financial disciplines and poor financial knowledge, they carry out their businesses without any calculations, so it leads to bankruptcy.”

- Association of SME youth

Required trainings

1. Software training 2. Foreign language training 3. Financial education 4. Project-writing training

3. TRAINING DEMAND

3.1

KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DEVELOPMENT, CAPACITY AND INVOLVEMENT – 3.2

3.2

HIGH DEMAND FOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPING

3.3

GET INVOLVED TO YOUTH DEVELOPMENT TRAININGS

3.4

ATTEND INTEREST CLUBS, TRAINING ACTIVITIES

LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ON YOUTH DEVELOPMENT, CAPACITY AND INVOLVEMENT

We measured level of knowledge and perception of youth about development, capacity and involvement: AVERAGE EVALUATION IS 3.2.

Youth in Selenge province have the highest level of knowledge (3.3) as well knowledge on development, capacity and involvement is the highest among youth aged 15-17 in Selenge province. As for age group 18-24, the respondents of Khentii and Bayankhongor provinces have high level of knowledge and as for age group 25-34, the respondent of Ulaanbaatar city and Bayankhongor province have high level of knowledge.

3.1 3.1

Total

3.4

3.5 3.2 3.0

3.2

Ulaanbaatar

3.3 2.9

Dornogobi 15-17

18-24

3.4

3.1

3.3

Selenge

3.0

3.2

3.1

Khentii

3.2

3.4

2.8

Bayankhongor

25-34 26

YOUTH HAVE HIGH DEMANDS OF LEARNING,D EVELOPING AND EDUCATING

The survey shows that youth have very high demand for learning, developing and educating. 89.5% of all respondents AIM TO STUDY AT UNIVERSITY, TVET, ATTEND TRAINING COURSES, STUDY ABROAD. 96% of youth aged 15-17 have such demands. Learning demand among youth aged 15-17 is the highest in Dornogobi, Khentii and Bayankhongor provinces, among youth aged 18-24 is the highest in Selenge and Khentii provinces and among youth aged 25-34 in Dornogobi and Khentii provinces.

96%

90%

86%

Total

93% 90%

100% 86%

94%

84%

Ulaanbaatar

18-24

Selenge

100% 85%

80%

Dornogobi 15-17

100% 95% 96%

94% 95%

75%

Khentii

Bayankhongor

25-34 27

3 OUT OF 4 YOUTH WOULD ATTEND YOUTH DEVELOPMENT TRAININGS 73.5% of respondents or 3 out of 4 youth WANT TO ATTEND TRAININGS TO INCREASE YOUTH CAPACITY AND INVOLVEMENT AND TO SUPPORT DEVELOPMENT. 77% of respondents aged 25-34 would like to attend such trainings; this indicator is the highest (93%) in Khentii province. As for age group 15-17, this indicator is the highest (93%) in Bayankhongor province and as for age group 18-24, this indicator is the highest in Dornogobi and Bayankhongor provinces.

93%

71% 71%

77% 69%

79%

76%

84%

64%

60%

55%

Total

Ulaanbaatar

Dornogobi 15-17

75% 77%

18-24

Selenge

67%

73%

Khentii

93% 80%

73%

Bayankhongor

25-34 28

70% OF YOUTH IN ULAANBAATAR CITY WOULD ATTEND TRAININGS The figure below shows percentage of future attendance to trainings on increasing youth capacity and involvement and on supporting development per target zone. It can be seen that WILLINGNESS TO ATTEND IS THE HIGHEST IN KHENTII AND BAYANKHONGOR PROVINCES but the lowest in Ulaanbaatar city and Selenge province.

71% 80% 79%

Selenge

3 districts in UB city

Khentii

70% Bayankhongor

Dornogobi

77%

“I AM EXPECTING MORE PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAININGS. Trainings on family psychology. Newly married couples tend to make mistakes on it.

Psychological trainings which help to overcome any fears of doing something would be very useful. Moreover, legal, financial and project trainings are demanded.

As I know, USAID Development Solution NGO conducts trainings. It conducts trainings on how to write projects and how to get involved to projects. No other places, which conduct regular trainings for youth”.

-Youth union of Selenge province

29

SURELY ATTEND YOUTH INTEREST CLUBS, GROUPS AND TRAINING ACTIVITIES We studied types of activities by youth organization where the youth would like to visit and 66% of respondents would SURELY VISIT INTEREST CLUBS AND GROUPS. This indicator is the highest in Khentii and Bayankhongor provinces, followed by trainings activities (64%), which is the highest in Selenge and Khentii provinces.

66% 64% 61%

67% 67%

65% 64% 59%

55%

61%

52%

39%

73% 69%

71% 69% 62%

56%

71% 65%

59% 55%

52%

59% 55%

43%

40% 30%

33%

34%

18% 10%

Total

10%

Ulaanbaatar

Interest clubs and groups Consulting services

7%

Dornogobi Trainings Library

Selenge

11%

8%

Khentii

Bayankhongor

Spend free time Meetings, science conferences 30

ACTIVITIES TO BE VISITED BY YOUTH | QUALITATIVE SURVEY “I would appreciate if there is PLACE TO MEDIATE us to light works we can afford. There are labor mediation centers for adults but no such places for us. Also, I would appreciate if there is an organization which determines future professions of children. They would recommend more effective professions and guide us”.

- from FGD of age group 15-17...

“Projects must focus on youth support. In particular, there are trainings related to startup businesses, however, there are no real and practical results. TRAININGS ON PROJECT-WRITING is very important for youth. There are many employed and unemployed young people. Also there are cases when some people want to do something but can’t write projects. Therefore, trainings on writing projects should be organized regularly”.

-Family, Youth and Child development Agency of Khentii province “Youth need TRAINING MODULE ON BAD HABITS. When we talk about alcohol, it turns to alcohol advertisement; when we talk about cigarettes, it turns to cigarette advertisement. So, how can we test it without saying them? According to researchers, if I talk with you about alcohol ten times, an instinct about drinking alcohol and about alcohol poison occurs in your mentality”.

- Family, Youth and Child development Agency , Youth Development Agency

“First of all, TRAINING ON DETERMINING GOALS, TIME MANAGEMENT, FINANCIAL ACCURACY, generally, all accuracy trainings are important. It might be digital world accuracy, mental accuracy or financial accuracy. Youth need such trainings very much”.

-Youth union of Selenge province

“CIVIL EDUCATION CENTER used to conduct trainings to support youth development, activity and participation. These TRAININGS WERE EFFECTIVE. It must be expanded to involve the mass. They should conduct baseline studies and provide trainings according to the interests, so it can be more effective. We were working on the baseline studies but the executor has a problem, so it hasn’t finished yet”.

-Youth development center of Bayankhongor province

4. POLICY, PROGRAM, INVESTMENT 4.1

KNOWLEDGE LEVEL IS THE LOWEST AMONG YOUTH AGED 18-24

4.2

NEVER READ POLICY DOCUMENTS

4.3

NO WORKS AND INVESTMENT TO YOUTH DEVELOPMENT

4.4

ALL PROVINCES AND CAPITAL CITY HAVE SUBPROGRAM ON YOUTH DEVELOPMENT

YOUTH AGED 18-24 HAVE THE LOWEST KNOWLEDGE ABOUT YOUTH POLICY, PROGRAM AND INVESTMENT Although level of knowledge and perception on youth policy, program and investment is 3.1 OR ABOVE AVERAGE, it has the lowest score for age group of 1824. Knowledge level of youth of age group 15-17 is the highest in Dornogobi province and of age group 18-24 is the highest in Selenge province. But, this indicator is high for age group 25-34 in Selenge and Bayankhongor provinces.

3.2

3.3

2.9

3.2

3.3

2.9

3.4

3.4

3.5

3.3 3.2

2.8

3.3

3.03.0

3.4 3.0 2.9

“Although there are programs, BUDGETS AND CAPITAL ISSUES ARE NEVER SOLVED. Plan without budget is never implemented. Our province spends certain amount from funding for social sector to youth projects. We spend about 20 million tugrugs from child protection funds for the youth. We allocate funding from child protection find as follows: 18% for youth, 18% for family and the rest for children”.

-Family, Youth and Child Development Agency of Bayankhongor province

“INVESTMENT FOR YOUTH IS INSUFFICIENT. National organization has no own budget to spend for youth development. The law on youth development states about a fund to support youth development. It must carry out its activities through this fund, however, the fund hasn’t been established yet”.

- Family, Youth and Child Development Agency, Youth Development Agency

15-17

18-24

25-34 33

NEVER READ POLICY DOCUMENTS FOR YOUTH Only 6% of respondents have read national policy documents for youth. The policy document with the highest percentage is the action plan of municipal and province governors but the policy document with the lowest percentage is “Youth of capital city” sub-program and “Plan on building capacity of state youth organizations in Mongolia”. However, the respondents, who read the youth policy documents, consider the IMPLEMENTATION AS EFFECTIVE. This indicator was high in all provinces and districts.

Total

Ulaanbaatar

Dornogobi

Selenge

Khentii

Bayankhongor

Read%

Yields%

Read%

Yields%

Read%

Yields%

Read%

Yields%

Read%

Yields%

Read%

Yields%

16%

73%

7%

56%

26%

94%

16%

67%

30%

74%

24%

72%

7%

67%

8%

61%

7%

25%

5%

100%

8%

100%

8%

67%

7%

94%

5%

92%

7%

100%

3%

50%

16%

100%

9%

100%

4%

76%

3%

67%

2%

100%

7%

50%

9%

100%

5%

75%

Law on youth development, 2017

4%

84%

5%

85%

5%

100%

2%

100%

2%

100%

1%

100%

Plan of capacity building of state youth organizations in Mongolia, 2014

3%

86%

3%

83%

2%

100%

2%

100%

5%

67%

4%

100%

“Youth of capital city” subprogram, 2017

3%

93%

3%

83%

7%

0%

0%

0%

3%

0%

3%

0%

Governor’s Action plan, 20162020 Presentation on Human development in Mongolia, 2016 Plans and reports of FYCDAs of provinces and capital city, 20162020 National program on youth development, 2019

34

NO WORKS AND INVESTMENT FOR YOUTH DEVELOPMENT We asked the respondents to name the largest work and/or investment in their country oriented for youth development. 33% of the respondents or ONE OUT OF THREE said no such works, 43% of respondents in UB city said no such works or investments. 59% of the respondents in Dornogobi province named sport palace, gym and complex, which is the only highest indicator.

No Sport palace, sport gym, sport complex Parks, gardens Playgrounds, play centers Football, basketball fields, baskets Swimming pools Green facilities, trees, street illumination Light streets Cinemas Kindergarten and school buildings, expansion and renovation Scholarships and discounts of tuition fees Libraries, library repairs Apartments, apartment mortgages Fitness and bodybuilding centers Training centers, trainings, learning environment Coffee shops, cafes Bicycle roads Light streets Don’t know

Total

UB

33% 15% 9% 7% 4% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 19%

43% 4% 8% 7% 5% 1% 3% 3% 0% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 22%

Dornogobi Selenge Khentii 21% 59% 7% 8% 3% 13% 3% 0% 21% 8% 7% 0% 7% 0% 0% 2% 2% 0% 0%

31% 5% 7% 19% 2% 7% 7% 0% 0% 3% 0% 7% 0% 2% 2% 2% 3% 0% 14%

11% 11% 6% 3% 0% 2% 6% 11% 2% 0% 3% 3% 2% 3% 2% 0% 0% 5% 38%

Bayankhon gor 27% 23% 17% 0% 3% 3% 1% 0% 0% 1% 4% 1% 0% 3% 5% 1% 0% 0% 12%

35

“I think they do MAKE INVESTMENT. Our country is small country. So many works have been done to support the youth. For example sport, district championships are organized annually. It is the same for all kinds of sports. It continues to national championship. Maybe state budget is insufficient as we are a small country with more young people”.

-from FGD with age group 15-17...

“

“We receive 2 million tugrugs per quarter as operation budget. Our activities have stopped due to the coronavirus, therefore, CURRENTLY WE DON’T RECEIVE THIS MONEY. It is 8 million tugrugs a year. It is just spent to papers and stationery costs. The government provided the vacancy. One center has 3 employees, secretary, employee in charge of training and promotion and an employee in charge of information technology. Although, we receive costs for their salaries, we do not have fixed costs for operation. Therefore, it is insufficient. The law has been endorsed recently, therefore, we hope it would be better soon”.

-Family, Young and Child Agency of Khentii province

“

“We declared 25th of each month as YOUTH DAY and we organize events for entities, governmental organizations, parental councils at NGOs and youth and report our works. The Youth development center submits official letters to entities, so everyone wears national clothes on 25th each month”.

-Family, Youth and Child Agency of Bayankhongor province

“It seems young people dream about great things.

However, young people are all different. Students, babysitters and even single mothers. Fore example, there is no program for such young mothers like me, who is looking after my baby at home. Why don’t we have SPORT CENTER at the khoroo administration? So, I would be able to have time for myself and develop physically. It seems everything starts from small things”.

- from FGD with age group 25-34...

ALL PROVINCES AND CAPITAL CITY HAVE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT SUBPROGRAMS All target provinces have own APPROVED SUB-PROGRAMS on youth development and involvement. Dornogobi province finished implementation of “Provincial program on youth development” in 2017, however, it approved two programs on students and youth employment that year, which was very fruitful case.

Provinces, capital

Sub-programs

Date of approval

Ulaanbaatar city

“Youth of capital city” sub-program

2017/11/07

Khentii

“Promoting youth development” sub-program

2018/07/30

Bayankhongor

“Promoting youth development” province program

2018/09/19

“Youth development provincial program”

2014/09/09

“Student workplace” province sub-program

2017/05/10

“Youth with income” Province sub-program

2017/05/10

“Opportunity for youth” province program

2018/06/05

Dornogobi Selenge

“YOUTH SUB-PROGRAM OFFICIALLY STARTED on July 29, 2018. We visited 18 soums, conducted surveys related to youth, identified basic indicators and started organizing planned works since 2019. It was more effective than other provinces. Our province invites over 600 youth on Youth day each August. We organize under certain topics. In December, we award the best youth council, promote their works to the soums and encourage sharing the best practices”.

-Family, Youth and Child Agency of Khentii province

We have approved the “Opportunity for youth” program 2 years ago. This program means that our youth would grow and develop by themselves. We ACCUSTOMED THIS PROGRAM TO THE LOCAL FEATURES. Apartment program to support public officers and young families is part of this program. An apartment building for 180 households is going to be put into exploitation this June. The ministry has decided the budget for building Youth park. Of total, 3 billion tugrugs have been budgeted for the period of 2020-2021. We have established several youth centers. There is a youth development center in Saikhan soum. The youth centers in Mandal and Orkhontuul soums were also built under this program. We have one center in Bayangol soum, however, we don’t have vacancy and structure”.

- Family, Youth and Child Agency of Selenge province 37

5. INVOLVEMENT RATE 5.1

YOUTH INVOLVEMENT RATE IS INSUFFICIENT

5.2

INVOLVEMENT ON PROVIDING INFORMATION IS THE MOST USED

5.3

STATE SUPPORT, DEMOCRACY AND LEGAL EDUCATION ARE REQUIRED FOR INVOLVEMENT

5.4

THE STATE AND GOVERNMENT SHOULD PROMOTE YOUTH INVOLVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT

OPINIONS ABOUT YOUTH INVOLVEMENT 55% of respondents evaluated YOUTH INVOLVEMENT RATE of residing country/district as INSUFFICIENT. Before asking this question we read definition of “Youth involvement” as stated in article 4.1.3 of the “Law on Promoting Youth Development”: “Youth involvement” is expressing own opinions on politics, economics and social development at decision-making level as well participating in the process. After that, we determined the involvement rate. The highest percent of respondents in DORNOGOBI province evaluated youth involvement as satisfied but the highest percent of respondents in SELENGE province and ULAANBAATAR CITY evaluated as somewhat satisfied.

Strongly unsatisfied, don’t participate

Somewhat satisfied

Satisfied

Strongly satisfied

Bayankhong

Total

UB

Dornogobi

Selenge

Khentii

11%

14%

6%

4%

14%

11%

44%

46%

35%

54%

41%

41%

34%

31%

43%

32%

32%

39%

11%

9%

17%

11%

14%

9%

or

39

YOUTH INVOLVEMENT RATE “Civil involvement II” project by Ministry of Justice and Internal Affairs and SDC classified civil involvement to the following 5 groups in its survey report on “Analysis to the enforcement of regulations about civil involvement in the laws of Mongolia” conducted in 2018. We measured the involvement rate in target countries according to this classification: INVOLVEMENT OF PROVIDING INFORMATION IS USED THE MOST. (3.1) Moreover, CONTROL INVOLVEMENT IS THE LOWEST (2.0) and DISCUSSION INVOLVEMENT IS AT AVERAGE RATE (2.4).

INVOLVEMENT RATE I

III

II

2.6 ACTIVE INVOLVEMENT

DISCUSSING INVOLVEMENT

2.0

3.1

2.4 PROVIDING INFORMATION INVOLVEMENT

V

IV

CONTROL INVOLVEMENT

2.5 NON-INVOLVEMENT

INVOLVEMENT RATE IS AVERAGE (2.5)

40

YOUTH INVOLVEMENT RATE/ PROVINCES Involvement rate in Dornogobi and Khentii provinces are higher than in other provinces. But, discussing involvement is higher among youth in Selenge province.

3.1 2.6

3.1 2.5

2.4

3.3

2.0

2.6

2.6

2.8

2.7

3.2 2.6

2.3

2.3

3.3

2.0

2.8

2.7 2.4

2.2

2.9

2.7

2.3

2.2

2.4

2.4

2.3

2.4

1.6

Total

Ulaanbaatar

Dornogobi

Selenge

Khentii

Active involvement

Discussing involvement

Information providing involvement

Control involvement

Bayanhongor

41

GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS DON’T SUPPORT YOUTH 46% of respondents consider that STATE ORGANIZATIONS, EMPLOYEES AND MANAGEMENT DON’T SUPPORT, 42% consider that youth DON’T HAVE DEMOCRATIC, GOVERNANCE AND LEGAL EDUCATION. It shows that youth promotion and trainings on democratic education are necessary on the two factors mentioned above, which hinder youth involvement.

52% 46% 42% 39% 37% 31% 31%

46%

52%

42%

38% 35% 31%

36%

33% 33% 28% 28% 25%

42% 41% 34% 31% 29% 29% 22%

34%

38% 36%

40%

43% 43% 43% 32%

27%

16%

Total

Ulaanbaatar

Dornogobi

Selenge

Khentii

Youth don’t have political, democratic and legal education State organizations, employees and management don’t support youth Youth organizations don’t have money Youth involvement is ineffective Youth are passive and don’t cooperate Others

Bayankhongor

42

STATE AND GOVERNMENT MUST SUPPORT YOUTH INVOLVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT

89% of respondents or 9 out of 10 youth consider that the STATE and GOVERNMENT MUST SUPPORT the youth, youth involvement and development. In particular, this indicator is over 90% in Ulaanbaatar city, Dornogobi and Bayankhongor provinces but the lowest (78%) in Selenge province. 77% of respondents consider that youth must be intensive and active themselves and 66% consider that local administration must support them.

92%

91%

89%

82%

81%

77%

78% 79%

69% 56% 44% 26%

91%

89%

67%

72%

51% 32% 31%

39%

38% 33%

34%

Ulaanbaatar

State and Government

Dornogobi Youth themselves

40%

23%

16%

Total

80%

78% 73%

Selenge Local administration

Khentii Civil community

17%

Bayankhongor Public 43

6. YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS 6.1

NO ORGANIZATION ORGANIZES ACTIVITIES FOR YOUTH

6.2

NO ORGANIZATION WITH ACTIVE YOUTH PARTICIPATION

6.3

51% OF YOUTH NEVER HEARD ABOUT YOUTH DEVELOPMENT CENTER

6.4

YOUTH WHO VISITED YOUTH DEVELOPMENT CENTERS ARE HIGHLY SATISFIED

6.5

STATE YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS WORK BADLY

NO ORGANIZATION ORGANIZES ACTIVITIES FOR YOUTH 45% of respondents said that there is NO ORGANIZATION in target country, district, which carries out activities and provides services for youth. This indicator is the highest in Ulaanbaatar city but the lowest in Khentii province. 6% of respondents mentioned FYCDA but 24% of respondents in Khentii province mentioned this organization.

Total

UB

Dornogobi

Selenge

Khentii

Bayanhongor

45%

56%

41%

41%

19%

40%

6%

2%

7%

0%

24%

11%

Mongolian Youth Federation

5%

3%

8%

5%

6%

12%

World Vision

5%

5%

0%

0%

16%

4%

4%

3%

8%

5%

6%

4%

Red Cross Mongolia

2%

1%

2%

0%

6%

5%

Fitness club, swimming pool

2%

3%

3%

3%

0%

0%

Youth development center

2%

0%

7%

0%

10%

0%

Child development center

2%

0%

0%

0%

13%

1%

Public library, library

1%

2%

2%

2%

0%

0%

Coffee shop, Cafe

1%

3%

0%

2%

0%

0%

Young leaders center

1%

0%

0%

0%

0%

5%

Don’t know

5%

5%

0%

10%

5%

3%

No Family, Youth and Child Development Center

Sport palace, sport gym, sport association

45

NO ORGANIZATION WITH ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF YOUTH We asked the respondents to name the organization they know well and actively participate in activities: 42% of all respondents and 57% of respondents in Dornogobi province said NO such organization. Youth in Khentii province actively participate in the activities of such international organizations as World Vision and Red Cross Mongolia.

Total

UB

Dornogobi

Selenge

Khentii

Bayanhongor

No

42%

46%

57%

34%

23%

36%

World Vision

4%

4%

0%

3%

13%

3%

Sport palace, sport organizations

4%

2%

11%

7%

10%

1%

Kindergartens, schools

4%

3%

0%

5%

11%

7%

4%

0%

5%

0%

19%

4%

Red Cross Mongolia

4%

3%

0%

7%

6%

5%

Mongolian Youth Federation

2%

2%

0%

5%

2%

3%

Library, Book group

2%

3%

0%

3%

0%

0%

Hospital, health organization

1%

1%

0%

3%

3%

1%

Police, police organization

1%

0%

0%

3%

5%

1%

Education, training organization

1%

1%

2%

0%

0%

3%

Student association

1%

1%

2%

2%

2%

0%

Young leaders center

1%

0%

0%

0%

0%

4%

Don’t know

11%

11%

0%

17%

15%

12%

Family, Youth and Child Development Agency

46

“I NEVER HEARD about youth organization in our district. I know organizations which work for their profits and interests. I don’t know the organizations which help people”.

-from FGD of age group 15-17...

“

“Youth organization is a step to raise career and hold a position for a few young people, therefore, youth might avoid activities by youth organizations. They say that YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS ARE FAKE”.

-from FGD of age group 18-24...

“

“I know all the youth organizations. But I NEVER SEE THEM CARRYING OUT ACTIVITIES for youth as well youth participation. Mostly people from vulnerable groups participate in them. Youth work with purpose to add information to their CVs about volunteer works”.

- from FGD of age group 15-17...

51% OF YOUTH NEVER HEARD ABOUT YOUTH DEVELOPMENT CENTERS

51% of target local respondents or 1 out of 2 youth NEVER HEARD ABOUT YDCs but 35% or 1 out of 3 youth heard but never get services. Percentage of respondents, who never heard, is the highest in UB city (73%), percent of respondents who heard but never visited is the highest in Khentii, Dornogobi and Bayankhongor province (48%-50%).

73%

51%

49%

50%

48%

48%

41%

40%

35% 22% 6% 5% Total Never heard

2%

20%

2% 2% 1% UB

Heard but never visited

16%

16% 8% 7%

Dornogobi

7%

3%

Selenge

Know, visited but not now

16%16% 3%

0% Khentii

Know, sometimes visit

3%

7%

3%

Bayankhongor Know, regularly visit 48

YOUTH WHO VISITED YDC ARE HIGHLY SATISFIED If a person once visited Youth development center, he has HIGH SATISFACTION TO SERVICES. We studied level of satisfied youth by types of services. Satisfaction of country respondents is high at all indicators except the respondents in Ulaanbaatar city. In particular, respondents are highly satisfied with support group, life skills training activities and library activities.

UB Percent of services

Dornogobi

Satisfactio Percent of Satisfacti n services on

Selenge

Khentii

Bayankhongor

Percent of services

Satisfaction

Percent of services

Satisfaction

Percent of services

Satisfaction

Life skills training

6%

71%

25%

80%

19%

82%

27%

94%

15%

82%

Consulting services Support group Interest club activities Mediation services Activities based on youth initiatives and involvement Library/corner

4% 3%

33% 86%

25% 2%

93% 100%

10% 3%

83% 100%

20% 11%

100% 71%

11% 3%

100% 100%

6%

64%

21%

77%

17%

90%

27%

88%

19%

93%

1%

33%

7%

75%

0%

0%

2%

0%

1%

100%

3%

29%

23%

57%

9%

60%

20%

92%

12%

78%

8%

74%

43%

92%

38%

86%

48%

90%

25%

95%

Movie discussion

3%

67%

10%

100%

3%

0%

9%

100%

5%

100%

Others

6%

60%

10%

50%

9%

60%

23%

87%

11%

88%

49

YDC OF DORNOGOBI PROVINCE

“Well-working organization is the YOUTH DEVELOPMENT CENTER OF DORNOGOBI PROVINCE. If youth development center is established in soums, it should support the soum youth to live, work there and support their participation. Recently, we have concluded that it is incorrect to concentrate it in provinces and capital city. As for the capital city, Nalaikh, Bagakhangai and Baganuur districts are working well. Songinokhairkhan and Bayanzurkh districts are working well. The Family and youth development center of Songinokhairkhan district is implementing a project “Thousand youth thousand ideas “”.

-Family, Youth and Child Agency, Youth Development Agency

STATE YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS WORK THE WORST Average evaluation of governmental organizations and civil communities to support youth development is 3.0 and ORGANIZATION WITH THE HIGHEST EVALUATION IS THE PARLIAMENT – THE STATE IKH HURAL. According to the respondents of Ulaanbaatar city, Parliament works the best but according to the respondents of Khentii province, it works the works. Evaluation of province, soum, capital city and district governors, YDCs, province and district FYCDAa, policy implementers, which work closely with youth, is 3.0 but evaluation of GOVERNMENT IMPLEMENTING AGENCY FYCDA IS THE LOWEST. In particular, this evaluation is 2.4-2.9 in target provinces.

3.33.4 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.1

Parliament

3.23.3 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.0

Government

Total

3.13.2 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.0

Ministry of Labor and Social Protection UB

3.2 3.13.13.0 3.1 2.9

Others

Dornogobi

3.2 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.5 2.6

Governor

Selenge

3.2 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.8

Youth communities

3.1 3.1 3.03.02.9 2.7

3.0 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.5

National and Province, district branch youth FYCCs support councils

Khentii

Bayankhongor

2.9 2.8 2.82.92.8 2.4

FYCDA

51

LOW LEVEL ORGANIZATIONS WORK WELL.

“Khoroo brings us the public services. In my opinion, if ACTIVITIES FOR YOUTH ARE CONCENTRATED AT KHOROO it might reach the people байна”.

-from FGD of age group 25-34...

“I don’t know what Government has done. Child and youth development center is working well. We don’t know well but they stay in the Hui doloon hudag for 3-4 days during Naadam to provide the children’s safety. They give presents to children on the Sukhbaatar square. District child development agency is doing its work. They are working within their regulations. State organizations are working well”.

- from FGD of age group 25-34...

“Since we have the law, it would be appreciated if we have FUND TO PROMOTE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT. We can sponsor the youth to study abroad from the fund. We can start business incubator training and support the youth until their business goes stably. In my opinion, we need independent financial policy. During this government ruling our province has taken decisive measures and has started issuing scholarships to 120-150 young people once a year with the support of local entities and mining companies. We issue up to 100% scholarships depending on the GPA”.

-Family, Youth and Child Agency of Bayankhongor province

7. LIFE SKILLS

7.1

1 OUT 3 YOUTH ATTENDED LIFE SKILLS TRAININGS

7.2

YOUTH NEED LIFE SKILLS VERY MUCH

7.3

TRAININGS ON PLANNING, DECISION MAKING AND MANAGING RELATIONS ARE THE MOST DEMANDED

1 OUT OF 3 YOUTH ATTENDED LIFE SKILLS TRAININGS

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

It is observed that there is a high demand of life skills trainings among youth, that is FEEL SELF-CONFIDENT, COMMUNICATION, DECISION-MAKING, STRESS MANAGEMENT, PREVENTING FROM VIOLENCE and so on. 37% of respondents have attended such trainings, 52% of respondents in Selenge province and 48% of respondents in Dornogobi province have attended such trainings. The lowest percent is in Ulaanbaatar and Bayankhongor provinces.

52%

48% 39%

Selenge

Dornogobi

Khentii

37%

Total

33%

UB

29%

Bayankhongor

“I think, except youth PUBLIC OFFICERS SHOULD BE INVOLVED TO TRAININGS. I also want to learn. I need a training on how to communicate with youth. I am employed for 3 months now, therefore, I can’t understand how to communicate with youth in more effective way. Currently, I am using the 12 books on life skills, browsing the internet and making video contents. I want someone to teach me these lessons”.

-Youth development center of Khentii province

“Life skills training or improving beginners knowledge on COMPUTER APPLICATION, FAMILY PLANNING, FAMILY MANAGEMENT and other trainings are very important and it is necessary to improve youth involvement”.

-Desire of disable youth NGO of Bayankhongor province

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

1 OUT OF 3 YOUTH ATTENDED LIFE SKILLS TRAININGS

We clarified demands for life skills for youth: OVER 85% STRONGLY DEMANDED. The most demanded life skills are planning, decision-making, and communication management, 85% of respondents demand such skills as preventing from gender-based violation, bad habits and sexually transmitted diseases.

Youth in Dornogobi province need decision-making and planning skills, youth in Selenge province need planning skills, youth in Khentii province need decisionmaking and planning skills and youth in Bayankhongor province need communication, contact and thinking skills.

Total

UB

Dornogobi

Selenge

Khentii

Bayankhon gor

Planning

95%

94%

97%

97%

98%

96%

Decision-making

94%

93%

97%

91%

97%

96%

Communication

94%

94%

93%

91%

95%

97%

Contacts

93%

93%

92%

91%

91%

97%

Emotion control

92%

93%

93%

91%

86%

95%

Self-confidence

92%

93%

92%

88%

91%

95%

Stress management

92%

91%

95%

88%

91%

93%

Thinking

91%

92%

87%

90%

86%

97%

Understanding others

91%

91%

90%

91%

88%

95%

Preventing from bad habits

86%

88%

89%

76%

81%

92%

Sexual life:preventing from STDs, HIV/AIDS

85%

84%

90%

84%

81%

89%

Preventing from gender-based violence

85%

86%

90%

81%

75%

91%

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

“I need to ATTEND LIFE SKILLS TRAININGS. It is related to the soft skills, which are not taught at school. I need time management, goal management, team working, understanding others minds and understanding others body languages. I need to obtain the skills which are not taught at universities”.

-from FGD of age group 18-24...

“

“I mostly stay home. A TRAINING WHICH TEACHES HOW TO COMMUNICATE WITH PEOPLE IS GOOD FOR ME. People talk about IQ, EQ. If IQ is developed but not the EQ, then, it will be difficult to work right at the workplace. I need to learn how to communicate with people and how to make me understand. Everyone has different views and opinions, therefore, I need such training”.

-from FGD of age group 18-24...

“

“Activities go on with the participation of youth.

Our goal is to CHANGE PSYCHOLOGICAL ATTITUDES of the youth in the society. There are many other things to change as well. The biggest leverage is the attitude. If attitude changes itself, the society will change”.

-Sukhbaatar for development NGO of Selenge province

“In my opinion, children become SELF-DISTRUSTED since childhood. Now, some of our peers are abused and suffer from this. Parental education is very important.They must pay attention to the education of their children and develop it since childhood. Maybe learning how to play a musical instrument, or learn dancing. If a child learns something practical since childhood, he will become more and more self-confident as he grows up. Self-confident child can survive anywhere. It is difficult to see that many children are self-distrusted”.

-from FGD of age group 18-24 ...

8. VOLUNTEER WORKS

8.1

38% OF YOUTH PARTICIPATED IN VOLUNTEER WORKS

8.2

MOSTLY PARTICIPATED WORKS ARE ENVIRONMENTAL WORKS

8.3

64% OF YOUTH ARE NOT MEMBERS

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

38% PARTICIPATED IN VOLUNTEER WORKS

59% of all respondents participated in volunteer works on environmental pollution, climate changes and air pollution mitigation works.

Participation of youth in Selenge and Bayankhongor provinces is the highest. The survey shows that activity and participation of youth of Selenge province is high.

Total

UB

Dornogobi

Selenge

Khentii

Bayankhongor

Mitigating environmental pollution, climate changes and air pollution

59%

57%

61%

67%

55%

64%

Disaster protection and prevention works

47%

45%

56%

59%

41%

45%

Providing social and emotional support to youth from vulnerable groups, improving social involvement

42%

41%

38%

57%

33%

47%

Socializing careless children, adolescents and youth, supporting welfare and nursing organization to help elders and disabled people

42%

39%

39%

57%

34%

48%

Promote public culture among youth, provide life skills and help them to become responsible citizens

41%

37%

43%

59%

38%

39%

Improving public education, developing traditions, preserving heritages and customs, promoting and advertising them

40%

37%

44%

52%

33%

45%

Support public health, mature healthy habits and routines

38%

33%

46%

52%

31%

40%

Preventing from crimes Maintaining public order

35% 34%

32% 31%

36% 39%

52% 45%

31% 27%

33% 35%

Improving traffic safety

34%

33%

25%

48%

28%

36%

Providing social and emotional supports and services to children, adolescents, youth and citizens as victims of violence

31%

27%

39%

33%

33%

32%

Protecting rights of youth and people, helping them to socialize

30%

24%

36%

45%

28%

31%

Big public events, international and domestic meetings, assemblies, Olympus

27%

29%

26%

38%

22%

17%

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

VOLUNTEERS WORKS ARE INCLUDED TO WORK EXPERIENCES – RIGHT DECISION “I attend eco club of our school. I ENCOURAGE THE SCHOOL CHILDREN TO TREE PLANTING, WASTE CLEANING WORKS. Thanks to this club I learnt how to love the mother nature and how to protect the environment. Whenever I see a trash, I put it in a trashbin”.

-from FGD of age group 15-17...

“I used to do volunteer works in educational sector. I WOULD LIKE TO DO VOLUNTEER WORKS WHICH PROVIDES EDUCATIONAL CONSULTING in order to improve education of local children. But I prefer organizational works rather than just participation. It is because rural and soum children have less opportunities compared to city and urban children. I grew up in rural area. I moved to the city after finishing 7th grade. If a volunteer came to teach English, I wouldn’t waste one year. Own initiation is nice”.

-from FGD of age group 18-24...

“I AM STILL PARTICIPATING IN VOLUNTEER WORKS ON PLANTING TREES. I realized one thing while I was doing this work. We have poor perception about the environment. People can cooperate only based on unified perception. In my opinion, volunteer work is the work to do based on own trust, beliefs and desire without any interests or profits”.

-from FGD of age group 25-34...

“It seems very correct that the Youth development law states VOLUNTEER WORKS ARE INCLUDED TO WORK EXPERIENCES. In Korea, the state supports and allocated budget for volunteer works, so such works are more developed and improved. In my opinion, only people who care for others can improve volunteer works to be trusted by others and to create good society”.

-Blue Gobi Wind NGO of Dornogobi province

59

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

64% OF YOUTH ARE NOT MEMBERS OF ANY ORGANIZATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS 64% of survey respondents or 6 out of 10 youth are NOT MEMBERS OF ANY ORGANIZATION, ASSOCIATION OR CLUB. Most of the member youth are members of various sport clubs as well a number of young people were members of Red Cross Mongolia, child and youth development organization, Mongolian Youth Federation and volunteer health organizations.

Total

UB

Dornogobi

Selenge

Khentii

Bayankhongor

Not member of any organization

64%

64%

66%

53%

64%

71%

Sport clubs

8%

7%

7%

17%

10%

0%

Red Cross Mongolia

3%

3%

0%

5%

5%

3%

3%

2%

5%

2%

3%

3%

Mongolian Youth Federation

2%

3%

3%

2%

0%

1%

Health clubs, volunteer organizations

2%

3%

0%

2%

0%

3%

Bodybuilding, fitness centers

1%

3%

0%

2%

0%

0%

Student association

1%

0%

2%

5%

0%

0%

Book groups, book partnerships

1%

2%

0%

0%

0%

1%

Scouts

1%

0%

0%

0%

5%

1%

Child andf youth development organizations

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

ENFORCEMENT OF REGULATION ON REGISTERING AND REGULATING VOLUNTEER WORKS IS INSUFFICIENT IN COUNTRY “I am a member of Alfa dance club. Except dances, this club also TEACHES ALL KINDS OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS like guitar, piano, drums, etc. I play piano. I am going to learn drums soon. They teach to children who are interested in arts and culture. But, it is paid”.

-from FGD of age group 15-17...

“I love reading books, therefore, I dream about RUNNING A FREE LIBRARY in the place where I live. So, I am collecting my books. I am sure I will realize this work”.

-from FGD of age group 25-34...

“Youth enjoy volunteering for our organization. Although there is a regulation on how to register and regulate voluntary works, it is still UNCLEAR AND UNCERTAIN HOW TO CREATE IT IN RURAL AREAS. We join people, who participate in volunteer works 3+ times, to our club and give acknowledgments”.

-Oriental leader youth NGO of Dornogobi province 61

9. SOURCE OF INFORMATION

9.1

ACTIVE ON YOUTH ADVERTISEMENT GROUPS AND INSTAGRAMM

9.2

SOURCE OF INFORMATION FOR YOUTH IS MOBILE PHONES AND SOCIAL MEDIA

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

SOCIAL GROUPS WHERE YOUTH ARE ACTIVE AND INVOLVED

As youth are using social media too much, we clarified in which groups and pages they are active and involved. 11% of respondents are most active in ADVERTISEMENT AND TRADE GROUPS and this indicator is the highest in Khentii province. Next goes INSTAGRAM and this indicator is high in Ulaanbaatar city and Khentii province as well use of family and friend groups are also high in Ulaanbaatar city and Dornogobi province.

Total

UB

Dornogobi

Selenge

Khentii

Bayankhongor

Ads and trade groups

11%

5%

13%

13%

19%

12%

Intsagram

10%

12%

3%

3%

19%

6%

Mothers and women groups

9%

9%

9%

0%

13%

10%

Family and friend groups

8%

11%

13%

10%

4%

4%

Class group

7%

5%

3%

10%

6%

14%

Province group

5%

0%

3%

6%

0%

24%

Youth development group

5%

4%

19%

3%

4%

4%

Online shop, trade group

5%

4%

16%

3%

4%

2%

Sport groups

4%

4%

13%

0%

2%

4%

Care related groups

4%

4%

6%

0%

2%

8%

School groups

4%

1%

6%

3%

6%

6%

Book traders and book lovers groups

4%

4%

6%

6%

0%

4%

Foreign language learners groups

3%

5%

0%

6%

0%

2%

Beautiful women groups

3%

2%

3%

6%

2%

4%

Travellers groups

3%

4%

0%

0%

4%

2%

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

SOCIAL GROUP#01 “Although I am in many groups, I do not always enter posts and write comments. Just read. The most frequently visited is “FUNNIEST THINGS HAPPENED TO US” GROUP. My work is very stressful, therefore, I visit this group for stress relief. I am also in Free Fitness group”.

-from FGD of age group 25-34...

“In our province the most active is MORNING WONDER GROUP. It shows that young women are the most active.

Therefore, I always want to share such positiveness to others.

Maybe get up early in the morning and meet together or join by interests and meet together in a certain place, we are thinking about such ideas”.

-Lifelong learning center of Dornogobi province

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

SOURCE AND TOOLS OF INFORMATION OF YOUTH

The main source and tool of information for the respondents include MOBILE PHONES AND SOCIAL MEDIA. 76% of all respondents receive information from these sources and this indicator is the highest in Dornogobi and Bayankhongor provinces. Then goes internet and website (70%) and this indicator is the highest in Selenge and Khentii provinces.

79% 80% 76%

Total

74% 73% 71% 70% 69% 67% 66% 65% 63% 61%

UB

Dornogobi

Selenge

Khentii

Bayankhongor

43% 38% 33% 27%

Mobile phone, social media

Internet

DIGITAL MEDIA

Television

Friends

23% 19% 16% 15% 13% 12% 11% 11% 11% 9% 7% 7% 7% 6%

Family, relatives

Coworkers

Newspaper, magazine

TRADITIONAL MEDIA

5% 3%

5% 5% 3% 3% 2% 3% 2%

FM, radio

Street board

3%

Brochures, books, handouts

2%

3% 3%

Events

1%

3%

District, khoroo, YDC employees

EVENTS, EMPLOYEES

65

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

Case: “Involvement of youth to youth organizations is low. It is because INSUFFICIENT INFORMATION, INFORMATION DOESN’T REACH US. These people are just active within own acquantances”.

-from FGD of age group 18-24...

Case: “Although the law enforcement is active, the youth does not know about this law. INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL IS PROMOTED INCORRECTLY. Every young person must enter www.legalinfo.mn. No young person had introduced with the national program. In fact, trainings are organization nationwide in the framework of this program. They skip and miss information available in province administration. We try to be the source of this information. For example, when projects are announced, we try to post them on our page or facebook group and leave open for questions and enquiries”.

-Youth union of Selenge province

CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATIONS

SURVEY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS IMPROVE CAPACITY OF YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS • Most governmental organizations CAN’T RUN THEIR ACTIVITIES AT SUFFICIENT LEVEL due to small budget, incapable human resources and management interests and desires.

• The survey shows that NGOs SUFFER FROMM FINANCIAL PROBLEMS AND NORMAL OPERATIONS due to the COVID19 and election year as well suffer from lack of opportunities for intensified works.

• Although there are many NGOs and youth groups and clubs with legal permissions, they can’t work at successfully due to INSUFFICIENT ENFORCEMENT OF LAWS, NATIONAL AND SUB-PROGRAMS, WEAK INVOLVEMENT OF YOUTH AND LOW OPERATION INCOME. • Hence, it is observed that there is a HIGH DEMAND for improving the capacity of these organizations.

Some organizations highly evaluated importance of the training organized in the country.

68

68

SURVEY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS No

Demands, requirements of trainings and

Expected results and

Survey findings

products

recommendations for improving the capacity of youth and youth organizations

1.

Urgent problem for youth is unemployment

2.

Consulting services for youth is the most

1.

important, therefore, it is necessary to

insufficient 3.

Demand

1

for

trainings

and increase initiatives 4.

There is a high demand among youth to

of youth, youth NGOs,

study, develop and educate.

their

3 out of 4 young people would like to

development, 5.

capacity involvement

MARKET, TEACH LABOR COMMUNICATION, HOW TO

about youth development, capacity and involvement

LEARN FROM WORKPLACE AND SELF-DEVELOP 2.

6.

Youth are willing to visit interest clubs, groups and training activities.

7.

1 out of 3 young people attended life skills trainings.

8.

Youth need life skills urgently.

Organize

all

kinds

of

trainings

for

youth

on

CONSULTATION and LIFE SKILLS EDUCATION 3.

Youth

organizations

must

DEVELOP

AND

IMPLEMENT A PROGRAM ON HOW TO TRAIN

attend youth development trainings.

and

provide

integrated trainings on how to REGISTER AT LABOR

Youth aged 25-34 have more knowledge

and activities to support

Unemployment and workplace issues are the most

AND PRACTICE new and inexperienced employee 4.

Organize awareness-raising trainings on development, capacity and involvement for youth aged 15-24

5.

Youth organizations must intensify interest clubs, groups and training activities

69

SURVEY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS No

Demands, requirements of trainings and

Expected results and

Survey findings

products

recommendations for improving the capacity of youth and youth organizations

1. Percentage

of

control

and

discussion

involvement is the lowest, therefore, it is

Factors,

which

support and hinder 2

youth

involvement

rate and involvement in target country

1.

Youth involvement rate is insufficient.

necessary to ORGANIZE TRAININGS ON

2.

Providing information is the mostly used

INVOLVEMENT,

youth involvement.

participate in meetings and share own

Youth need state support, democracy and

opinions, how to participate in policy

legal education.

discussions

State and Government should support

concepts, establish civil community and

youth involvement and development.

put control to the state

3.

4.

5.

6.

and

including

polls,

how

to

consolidate

Youth participate in volunteer works in 2. The most demanded training for youth is environmental fields the highest.

the training on democracy, governance

Most of the youth are not members.

and

legal

necessary

education, to

therefore,

DEVELOP

it

is

TRAINING

MODULE

70

SURVEY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS No

Demands, requirements of trainings and

Expected results and

Survey findings

products

youth and youth organizations 1.

Youth aged 18-24 have the lowest Youth have poor knowledge about youth policy, knowledge

Information policy, 3

recommendations for improving the capacity of

about

about

youth

policy, programs and investment, therefore, they don’t

programs and investment.

programs 2.

policy documents.

youth

There

4.

they

don’t

receive

are

now

ORGANIZE TRAININGS IN THIS FIELD, works

and/or ESPECIALLY,

investments for youth development.

in target country

therefore,

Youth never read and introduce with information. Hence, IT IS NECESSARY TO

and investment for development 3.

participate,

PROGRAMS.

PROMOTING State

THE

organizations

and

SUBcivil

All provinces and the capital city have communities can’t work successfully due to sub-programs on youth development.

financial problems and lack of capacity resources.

71

SURVEY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS No

Survey findings

products Conclusion difficulties opportunities youth

of

related

employment,

recommendations for improving the capacity of youth and youth organizations

and 1.

recommendations

4

Demands, requirements of trainings and

Expected results and

Absence of organizations, which run activities for youth.

on

1.

Youth don’t participate in youth activities, but if

and 2.

Absence of organization for youth to participate

participate, feel very satisfied, therefore, it is

the

actively.

necessary

51% of the youth never heard about youth

INVOLVEMENT

to 3.

development centers.

doing

2.

to

ORGANIZE

CAMPAIGNS

ON

Youth, who participated in youth development

Youth, who visited youth development centers,

center (YDC) activities, feel very satisfied,

feel highly satisfied.

therefore,

initiatives and business 5.

Youth organizations do the worst works on youth

PROMOTED AND ADVERTISED

based

development.

business

and 4.

developing

various on

the

3.

THEIR

ACTIVITIES

SHOULD

BE

Training information on improving the capacity of

Youth are most active on advertisement groups

youth

and Instagram.

DISSEMINATED VIA SOCIAL MEDIA, INSTAGRAM

other policy documents 7.

Source of information fro youth is mobile phone

AND APPLICATIONS

and this survey

and social media.

Government programmes,

6.

laws,

and

youth

organizations

should

be

72

STAKEHOLDERS ANALYSIS no 1 2 3

4

Project beneficiaries NGOs initiated by youth and NGOs engaged in youth activities Youth and youth from target groups

Project goal Authorize youth and youth NGOs, increase youth involvement in rural areas Support youth initiatives and youth NGOs and support local employment Support youth volunteer works and Volunteer youth and youth initiatives, increase importance of initiatives volunteer works State organizations in charge Increase youth involvement in rural areas through strengthening the of youth issues, local partnership with local authorities authorities

Interest

Impact

Resource

High

High

Low

High

High

High

Medium

High

High

Medium

Low

Low

Results of document studies

73

Д Ү Г Н Э ЛТ/ З ӨВ ЛӨМ Ж

Д Э Л Г ЭРЭН ГҮ Й Ү Р Д Ү Н

С У Д А Л ГААН Ы А Р Г АЧЛ АЛ

TRAININGS AND ACTIVITIES DEMANDED FOR YOUTH AND YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS

СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН

YOUTH

YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS

1

Register at labor market, train labor relations, prepare for starting a job, write projects and CVs

Training and practicing new and inexperienced employee, develop program on project writing, conduct trainings, mediate to jobs

2

All kinds of consulting services /change attitudes, psychological consultations /

Intensify interest club, group and training activities /foreign language, software, financial education, etc /

3

Trainings on providing life skills education /communication, protecting from bad habits, time management, family planning, stress management, planning, decision making/

4

Trainings on providing knowledge on democratic values, governance, human rights and legislature

5

How to put control to state activities and involvement trainings on how to discuss on behalf of own rights and interests

Х А В С Р АЛ Т

6

7

Awareness raising trainings program, law and investment

on

policy,

Information literacy and information processing trainings due to high consumption of social media

Work step by step on reducing financial and resource shortages of civil communities, clubs and unions YDCs should cooperate with local civil communities, promote and advertise own activities, improve governance of civil communities

Party and state youth organizations have the worst reputation, therefore, youth must support own initiatives and create a network Follow the regulation to include youth volunteer works to work experiences, organize volunteer social works

74

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION