Friendship Analysis 2016 by C.M.M.Zanardi

SPRING 2016 DANES STUDIO

SITE CONSTRAINTS FRIENDSHIP

PRECEDENTS Precedent study 1 Precedent study 2 Precedent study 3 Precedent study 4 Precedent study 5 Precedent study 6

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Photographs & Views Access & Circulation Context & Massing Districts & Nodes Climate & Ecology Ground & Permeability Utilities & Services Sections

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Industrialism & the 1900s Suburbanism & the 1960s Rebirth & the 1990s

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Zoning & Laws

SITE

HISTORICAL

LEGAL

SCOPE OF WORK

High Tech High Chula Vista | Studio E Architects | Chula Vista, CA | 61445.0ft2 | 2010 This is a project for high school in southern California, communicating te charter school goals of transparency, comunity, and sustainability. The building is divided into four portions, arranges along hallways, one for each year. The top, long portion of classrooms are dedicated to exploratory programs that serve all grades. The school harvests solar power, and takes advantage of natural ventilation to cool the building.

1 PRECEDENTS

h Tech High Chula Vista

chitects

s, grades 9-12

ject for a High School in lifornia, communicating school goals of transparmunity, and sustainability. g is divided into four porged along hallways, one r. The top, long portion ms are dedicated to expoams that serve all grades. harvests solar power, and age of natural ventillation buig.

l Student Center / Flansburgh Architectsâ&#x20AC;? 14 ccessed 19 Jan 2016. <http://www.archdaily. untain-school-student-center-flansburgh-archi-

A. Commons B. Classrooms C. Exterior D. Hallway / Workspace

Indian Mountain School | Flansburgh Architects | Lakeville, CT | 812.0ft2 | 2014 The project here is for a music and arts building on a private high school campus. The buildinghouses art studios, a maker space, practice rooms, and a rehearsal space. The two subjects are separated by a middle common space, distinguishing them programmatically, spatially, and providing acoustic barrier. The building focuses on bringing day lighitng into the studios, from the center of the building. The spaces can either be left open to each other or closed off with sliding barn doors.

2 PRECEDENTS

ain School

Architects

mpus

ere is for a music and on a private highschool building houses art ker space, practice rehersal space. The two eperated by a middle ce, distinguishing them ally, spatially, and proic barrier. The building inging daylighting into om the center of the spaces can either be left chother, or be closed off arn doors.

sta / Studio E Architectsâ&#x20AC;? 28 Apr 2011. Arch016. <http://www.archdaily.com/130879/

a-studio-e-architects/>

A. Exterior B. MakerLab C. Sturctural D. Art Studio Classroom

The Christa McAuliffe School | HMFH Architects | Concord, NH | 2012 The school was designed with the goal of expanding the library into every part of the building. This allows for collaborative workspaces throughout the school. The spaces are interconnected by windows whcih create views into the commons and allow teachers to keep a constant eye on the students. The school does not just have one large space for collaborative work; there are many nooks and small rooms that give students options for working spaces.

3 PRECEDENTS

cAuliffe School | Concord, NH

ades K-5

Entrance

2/what-architecture-has-to-say-about-educa-by-hmfh-architects

Classrooms Shared Learning

Classrooms Restrooms Gym Shared Class Storage

The Christa McAuliffe School in Concord, NH was designed by HMFH Architects with the goal of the expanding the library into every part of the building. This allows for collaborative workspaces throughout the school. The school uses the spaces to allow multiple classes to work together. There are many windows that connect the rooms, create views into the commons and allow teachers to keep a constant eye on the students. This allows students to explore the building on their own and build independence while always being in a view of an adult. The school does not just have one large space for collaborative work their are many nooks and small rooms that give students options for working spaces so they do not become bored working in their classroom.

Wilkes Elementary School | Mahlum Architects | Bainbridge Island, WA | 64,450.0ft2 | 2012 In this elementary school, every classroom space opens up to a courtyard that allows easy access to the outdoors for physicial learning and for natural light to reach all parts of the building. The shared meeting spaces overlap with the circulation of the building so students can constantly see what their classmastes are working on. All waster water and storm water is treated on site, with students and the community tending to garden beds to learn how to grow their own fruits and vegetables together.

4 PRECEDENTS

School | Bainbridge Island, WA

es-elementary-school-mahlum

Entrance Entrance Courtyard

Courtyard Classrooms Shared Learning Meeting Room Restroom

Courtyard

First Floor

Second Floor Entrance

Wilkes Elementary School, designed by Mahlum, is a school that encourages outdoor physical activity. This is unique because Physical Education has been removed from so many schools across the country in resent years. Every classroom space opens up to a courtyard that allows easy access to the outdoors and lots of natural light to reach all parts of the building. The shared meeting spaces overlap with the circulation of the building so students can constantly see what their classmates are working on. The school also has a focus on sustainable design. All waste water and storm water is treated on site. Students and the community also tend to garden beds to learn how to grow their own fruits and vegetables.

Gloria Marshall Elementary School | SHW Group | Spring, TX | 105391.0ft2 | 2010 Highly motivated by sustainability as the main driver for this education facility, this school provides hands on experimentation and interplay with ecology and sustainable tools. At one of the main entrys lies a large ecopond and growing space where students are encouraged to tend to the plants and learn the methods by which the ecological system operates. The interior is bright and playful, where themain circulation route separates the building into two halves, each half supporting a large common space. Classrooms line the perimeterof the building, allowing the interior to be full of interactive flexible common space for gym, resources, and eating. The classroom orientation allows for daylighting and the common spaces on the ground floor project outwards and provides invitation for building visitors and occupants.

5 PRECEDENTS

3. 4.

Nathan Hale High School Renovation/Addition | Mahlum Architects | Seattle, WA | 204000.0ft2 | 2012 Thhis high school renovation aimed to bring new collaborative workspaces along with a reorganization of space to foster community gathering. While maintaining the original structural system of the building, walls were reinstalled to breahe air and light into spaces. In addidition to rennovating, a new library and arts wing were created to provide a new hub for resourse learning. The new organization is based upon a sping that connects a series of courtyards that classrooms flank and have visual access to. This increase in visual access was aimed to reinforce collaboration. Along these lines the cafeteria became repurposed into a public commons as performance space, eating, learning, or amenity. There is ample access to daylighting and exterior green space.

6 PRECEDENTS

These photographs serve as a photographical analysis of the site conditions of Friendship Neighborhood at the connection of Baum Blvd and Roup Ave where the proposed charter school will be.

PHOTOGRAPHS & VIEWS SITE

A location for safe, quick, and esay access to the charter school can be derived from the travel flows already existing in Frienship. Heavy traffic makes Roup Ave a difficuly access and dangerous for children biking or crossing the street and becomes an unwelcoming drop-off zone. Baum Blvd has slower traffic and a more pedestrain-friendly face, which makes it a better facade to focus the drop-off and access. The facade on Roup Ave focuses sight on two parks and towards East Liberty, making it a better place for a welcoming entrance and communal, public programatic element of the school. A small access of Baum Blvd which meets a raised back grading of the site becomes an important area for service zoming.

ACCESS & CIRCULATION SITE

safe and unsafe bike lanes; health-e-ride stations

bus stations; bus stops within 5 mile walk; bus routes

105’

60’

52’

30’

9’

40’

10’

125’

16’ baum blvd section; looking toward east liberty

12’

37’

11’

145’

20’ roup ave section; looking toward friendship

8am traffic

3pm traffic

12noon traffic

7pm traffic

high

ility

visib

nce

entra

servic

traffic flow: fast, medium, slow

proposed drop-off zones

access of school; public and private zones

Through the prosed school site, these sections provide elevation views of the streetscape facing the major arterial streets. Looking North, the building heights are relatively uniform as the residential portion of Friendship climbs upwards on the hill. Facing East towards East Liberty and the Cathedral beyond, the section shows buildings of abnormal height, which may serve as a benchmark for the scale of future redevelopment of the Baum corridor.

DISTRICTS & NODES SITE

Bus Stops Major Crosswalks

Vehicle Patterns Major Traffic Route Secondary Traffic Route Minor Traffic Route

As the diagrams and data on the following pages summarizes, several conclusions about theclimate at the site can be made. First, most of the solar radiation hits the North corner of the site, yearround. Second, the Winter winds come predominantly from the West. Third, for most of the Winter school day, the site is in shade. Finally, outdoor comfort is poor, or at best, low, from October to mid-April .

CLIMATE & ECOLOGY SITE

Wind Frequency, Velocity, Direction

Sunpath Diagram

Winter Shadows: 9 am, 12 pm, 3 pm

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匀甀渀氀椀最栀琀䠀漀甀爀猀䄀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 Summer Shadows: 9 am, 12 pm, 3 pm

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Outdoor Comfort

⸀㤀 ⸀㘀 ⸀㌀㰀㴀 ⸀

匀甀渀氀椀最栀琀䠀漀甀爀猀䄀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀

Sunlight Exposure, Underheated Months

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Sunlight Exposure, Overheated Months

欀圀栀⼀洀㈀㔀 ⸀ 㰀㴀㐀㔀 ⸀ 㐀 ⸀ ㌀㔀 ⸀ ㌀ ⸀ ㈀㔀 ⸀ ㈀ ⸀ ㄀㔀 ⸀ ㄀ ⸀ 㔀 ⸀ 㰀㴀 ⸀

刀愀搀椀愀琀椀漀渀䄀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀倀椀琀琀猀戀甀爀最栀开䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀开䄀瀀开倀䄀开唀匀䄀㄀䨀唀一㄀㄀㨀 ⴀ㌀㄀伀䌀吀㄀㔀㨀

SECTIONS SITE

NS Section

EW Section

With its homes being notorious for spaciousness, luxury, and convenience to amenities and spectacles, the Friendship neighborhood was inhabited by prosperous, professional-class families during the early 20th century. It was defined as a ‘streetcar suburb’, having easy access to Downtown with its streetcars and clear routes.

INDUSTRIALISM & THE 1900s HISTORICAL

1990s

garfield

friendship

east liberty

bloomfield

Many previously urban tunities outside cities, field, and demolition of ic and beautiful Victorian

families moved to the suburbs due to the attraction to perceived opporrepulsion towards the construction of massive housing projects in Garwholesales in East Liberty. As a result of this migration, a multitude of historhouses were broken up, by a conglomerate of landlords, into multi-unit apartments.

SUBURBANISM & THE 1960s HISTORICAL

The 1990s marked a period of renewal and revitalization in lieu of a growing interest in the economic and feasible purchasing of large homes with features that were not available in new suburban houses. Some artists and architects had begun to inhabit Friendship at this time; with the rejuvenation and redefining of East Liberty as a hub, this influx of artisans certainly helped catalyze Friendshipâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s revival, echoing the fervor it once had.

REBIRTH & THE 1990s HISTORICAL

1990s

garfield

friendship

east liberty

bloomfield

Zoning laws of Pittsburgh Neighborhoods, Friendship Neighborhood, Traffic and Pedestrain Paths around Site, and Zoning Type of Site as Type E. Friendship has a population of 1,785 people (2010 census) an area coverage of 68 acres total, and a breakup of 95% residential and 5% commerical.

ZONING & LAWS LEGAL

916.01 General A. Purpose. The Residential Compatibility Standards of this chapter are intended to protect residential properties and neighborhoods from the adverse impacts sometimes associated with adjacent higher density multi-unit residential development and nonresidential development and uses. B. Applicability. 1. Building height and setback standards. The Building Height and Setback regulations of the Residential Compatibility Standards shall apply to all nonresidential development in residential zoning districts, and all development in RM-M, RM-H, RM-VH and all nonresidential base zoning districts when such development is located: (a) Across the street from or adjacent to a property that is zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, or H; or (b) Within 100 feet of a property zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, or H. 2. Other standards. The Screening, Site Design, Operating Hours, Noise, Lighting and Odor Regulations of the Residential Compatibility Standards shall apply to all nonresidential development in residential zoning districts, and to all development in all nonresidential base zoning districts when such development is located: (a) Across the street from or adjacent to a property that is zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R5, RM, or H; or (b) Within 200 feet of a property zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, RM, or H. C. Exemptions. Notwithstanding the applicability statement of Sec. 916.01.B, the following shall be exempt from the Residential Compatibility Standards to the extent indicated: 1. Residential Compatibility Standards shall not be triggered by property that is public right-of-way, railroad track, roadway, median, or utility easement in an RSD, RSA, RT, RTS, RM, or H. 2. The following shall specifically be exempt from compliance with Residential Compatibility Standards: (a) Development within the GT, Golden Triangle, DR, Downtown Riverfront Zoning Districts and Planned Development Districts; (b) Structural alteration of an existing building when such alteration does not increase the building's square footage or height; (c) A change in use that does not increase the number of off-street parking spaces required (as shown in the Schedule of Off-Street Parking Standards, Sec. 914.02.A. D. Site plan review. All development that is subject to Residential Compatibility Standards shall require site plan review and approval in accordance with the Site Plan Review procedures of Sec. 922.04. Site Development Standard

UNC District

Minimum Lot Size Maximum Floor Area Ratio [when not located within 1,500 feet of a Major transit facility] [when located within 1,500 feet of a Major Transit Facility] Maximum Lot Coverage Minimum Front Setback Minimum Rear Setback [when not adjacent to a way] [when adjacent to a way] Minimum Exterior Sideyard Setback Minimum Interior Sideyard Setback Maximum Height [when not located within 1,500 feet of a Major transit facility] [when located within 1,500 feet of a Major Transit Facility]

0 3:1 4:1 None required 20 feet None required None required None required 45 feet (not to exceed 3 stories) 60 feet (not to exceed 4 stories)

904.04UNC, Urban Neighborhood Commercial District.[Adopted Ord. 45-2003, ยง 5, eff. 12-31-03] A. Purpose. The UNC, Urban Neighborhood Commercial District is intended to: 1. Serve a broader market than the immediate neighborhood; 2. Allow a range of development while controlling impacts on the neighborhood adjacent to them; 3. Ensure that new development fit within existing development patterns; and 4. Reinforce qualities of the built environment, such as the continuity of storefronts and pedestrian-oriented streetscapes. B. Use regulations. 1. Primary uses. Primary uses shall be allowed in the UNC District in accordance with the Use Table of Sec. 911.02. 2. Accessory uses. Accessory uses shall be permitted in the UNC District in accordance with the Accessory Use regulations of Chapter 912. In addition, accessory uses in the UNC District shall not exceed 25% of the gross floor area of the primary use. C. Site development standards. Sites in the UNC District shall be developed in accordance with the following site development standards, provided that: 1. The Residential Compatibility Standards of Chapter 916 shall impose additional height and setback standards on new High-Density and Very High-Density Residential and nonresidential development located near Residential and H Districts; 2. The Environmental Performance Standards of Chapter 915 shall impose additional restrictions on development; and 3. New development shall be allowed to use Contextual Setbacks and Contextual Building Heights in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 925.06 and Sec. 925.07. Article VI and Chapter 925 contain a complete description of site development standards and a listing of exemptions to various standards. 4. Special exception for height in UNC District. Additional height above three stories in the UNC district shall be allowed in accordance with Special Exception procedures of Sec. 922.07 with the following standards: (i) The maximum height of the structure shall be 85 feet, not to exceed six stories; (ii) The site shall not be within 200 feet of any property which is zoned Residential; (iii) The site shall be sufficiently separated from property zoned Residential for the Board to determine that the additional height will not create a detrimental impact on such properties through consideration of the additional traffic impacts caused by the additional height and density, the impacts on views from such residential properties, and the impacts of the bulk of the buildings on such residential properties. D. Site plan review. 1. General. The following shall require Site Plan Review and approval in accordance with the Site Plan Review procedures of Section 922.04; (a) Any new construction, building addition or enlargement or exterior renovation of an existing structure on a lot that has an area of 2,400 square feet or more; (b) Any off street parking area that includes more than 10 parking spaces or more than 2,500 square feet of surface area; or 2.Standards. Any project requiring Site Plan Review in the UNC district shall be subject to the Site Plan Review Criteria of Section 922.04.E

916.02 Building height and setback standards. A. Building setbacks. The Building Setback regulations of the Residential Compatibility Standards shall apply to the sides of properties that are adjacent to or across the street from properties that are zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, or H in accordance with the following regulations. 1. Interior sideyard abuts interior sideyard of "R" property. If the Interior Sideyard of a zoning lot of the subject property abuts the Interior Sideyard of a zoning lot zoned "R", the following setback requirements shall apply: (a) Minimum front setback. The Front Setback of the subject property shall be the same as the required Front Setback of the abutting residential zoning district for the first 50 feet adjacent to the Residential zoning lot. (b) Minimum rear setback. The Rear Setback of the subject property shall be the same as the required Rear Setback for the abutting Residential Zoning District or 15 feet, whichever is greater. (c) Minimum interior sideyard setback. The Interior Sideyard Setback of the subject property shall be a minimum of 15 feet. 2. Interior sideyard abuts rear of "R" property. If the Interior Sideyard of a zoning lot (the subject property) abuts the Rear Yard of a zoning lot zoned "R", the following setback requirements shall apply: (a) Minimum front setback. The Front Setback of the subject property shall be the same as the required Exterior Sideyard Setback of the abutting residential zoning district for the first 50 feet adjacent to the Residential zoning lot. (b) Minimum rear setback. The Rear Setback of the subject property shall be a minimum of 15 feet. (c) Minimum interior sideyard setback. The Interior Sideyard Setback of the subject property shall be a minimum of 15 feet. 3. Street sideyard across street or way from front of "R" property. If the Street Sideyard of a zoning lot of the subject property is across a street or way from the Front Yard of a zoning lot zoned "R", the following setback requirements shall apply: (a) Minimum street sideyard setback. The Street Sideyard Setback of the subject property shall be a minimum of 15 feet. 4. Street sideyard across street or way from street sideyard of "R" property. If the Street Sideyard of a zoning lot of the subject property is across a street or way from the Street Sideyard of a zoning lot zoned "R", the following setback requirements shall apply: (a) Minimum front setback. The Front Setback of the subject property shall be the same as the required Front Setback of the abutting residential zoning district for the first 50 feet adjacent to the Residential zoning lot. 5. Street sideyard across street or way from rear of "R" property. If the Street Sideyard of a zoning lot (the subject property) is across a street or way from the Rear of a zoning lot zoned "R", the following setback requirements shall apply: (a) Minimum front setback. The Front Setback of the subject property shall be the same as the required Street Sideyard Setback of the abutting residential zoning district for the first 50 feet adjacent to the Residential zoning lot. (b) Minimum street sideyard setback. The Street Sideyard Setback of the subject property shall be a minimum of 15 feet. 6. Rear across street or way from front of "R" property. If the Rear of a zoning lot of the subject property is across a street or way from the Front of a zoning lot zoned "R", the following setback requirements shall apply: (a) Minimum rear setback. The Rear Setback of the subject property shall be the same as the required Front Setback of the abutting residential zoning district or 15 feet, whichever is greater. 7. Rear abuts interior sideyard of "R" property. If the Rear of a zoning lot of the subject property abuts the Interior Sideyard of a zoning lot zoned "R", the following setback requirements shall apply: (a) Minimum rear setback. The Rear Setback of the subject property shall be a minimum of 15 feet. (b) Minimum street sideyard setback. The Street Sideyard Setback of the subject property shall be the same as the required Front Setback of the abutting residential zoning district for the first 50 feet adjacent to the Residential zoning lot. 8. Rear across street or way from street sideyard of "R" property. If the Rear of a zoning lot of the subject property is across a street or way from the Street Sideyard of a zoning lot zoned "R", the following setback requirements shall apply: (a) Minimum rear setback. The Rear Setback of the subject property shall be the same as the required Street Sideyard Setback of the abutting residential zoning district or 15 feet, whichever is greater. 9. Rear abuts rear of "R" property. If the Rear of a zoning lot of the subject property abuts the Rear of a zoning lot zoned "R", the following setback requirements shall apply: (a) Minimum rear setback. The Rear Setback of the subject property shall be the same as the required Rear Setback of the abutting residential zoning district or 15 feet, whichever is greater.

B. Building heights. 1. Within 50 feet of residential. Structures or portions of structures shall not exceed 40 feet or three stories in height when located within 50 feet of property zoned R1D, R1D, R2, R3, or H. 2. Fifty one to 100 feet from residential. Structures or portions of structures shall not exceed 50 feet or four stories in height when located 51 to 100 feet from property zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, or H. 3. More than 100 feet from residential. No compatibility-related height restrictions shall be imposed on structures located more than 100 feet from property zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, or H. 916.03 Screening. All properties subject to Residential Compatibility Standards shall be subject to the Screening Standards of Chapter 918. 916.04 Site design. The following additional site design standards shall apply to development that is subject to the Residential Compatibility Standards of this Chapter. These provisions shall not apply to uses that are accessory to uses permitted By-Right in an R1D, R1A, R2, R3, RM, or H. A. No swimming pool, tennis court, ball field, or playground area shall be permitted within 50 feet of property zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, RM, or H. B. Dumpsters and refuse receptacles shall be located a minimum of 30 feet from any property zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, RM, or H. C. Parking and loading shall not be located within 15 feet of properties zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, RM, or H. Additional setbacks shall be required if the Zoning Administrator finds that the size and number of trucks and the hours of operation would have impact on adjacent residential properties. 916.05 Operating hours.[Adopted Ord. 36-2005, ยง 1, eff. 12-14-05] The following operating hour restrictions shall apply to all development that is subject to Residential Compatibility Standards: A. Collection of garbage and recyclables. No use subject to Residential Compatibility Standards shall be served by garbage or recyclables collection services between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. B. Loading operations. No use subject to Residential Compatibility Standards shall conduct loading or unloading operations between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. C. Construction operations. No use subject to the Residential Compatibility Standards shall conduct construction activities including, but not limited to, demolition, excavation and erection, unless within a fully enclosed structure, between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. 916.06 Noise. No use that is subject to Residential Compatibility Standards shall generate noise in excess of 45 dB (A) between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. or in excess of 55 dB(A) at all other times, as measured at the lot line of any lot zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, RM, or H. 916.07 Lighting. All lights used by development that is subject to Residential Compatibility Standards shall be arranged and controlled so as to deflect light away from any lot that is zoned RSD, RSA, RT, RM, or H. Any light or combination of lights that casts light on a public street shall not exceed one foot-candle (meter reading) as measured from the center line of such street. Any light or combination of lights that cast light on a lot zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, RM, or H shall not exceed 0.4 foot-candle (meter reading), as measured no more than three feet inside the lot line of a lot that is zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, RM, or H. 916.08 Odor. No use that is subject to Residential Compatibility Standards shall be operated in a manner that causes odors that are detectable after the air has been diluted with six or more volumes of odor-free air, as measured within the lot lines of a lot that is zoned R1D, R1A, R2, R3, RM, or H. 916.09 Waiver of residential compatibility standards. The Zoning Board of Adjustment may approve a Special Exception according to the provisions of Sec. 922.07 to waive one or more of the Residential Compatibility Standards imposed by this Chapter, subject to the following standards: