Smart Growth Theories Presentation (Week.6) by Burak Çelik

Week 6

Smart Growth

BURAK ÇELİK

ADA 412 Contemporary Problems in Urban Sustainability Bilkent University Department of Architecture 11.03.2018

DEFINITION

Smart Growth (or “compact city”/”urban densification”) is an urban planning and transportation theory that focuses on walkable urban areas to prevent urban sprawl. It promotes compact, transit-oriented, socially diverse, walkable and bicycle friendly land use including neighborhood schools, mixed-use development with a wide range of housing options.

1

ELEMENTS

1.Compact Neighborhoods Compact, livable urban neighborhoods attract more people and business. Creating such neighborhoods is a critical element of reducing urban sprawl and protecting the climate. Such a tactic includes adopting redevelopment strategies and zoning policies that channel housing and job growth into urban centers and neighborhood business districts, to create compact, walkable, and bike- and transit-friendly hubs. Other topics fall under this concept: mixed-use development inclusion of affordable housing restrictions or limitations on suburban design forms (e.g., detached houses on individual lots, strip malls and surface parking lots) inclusion of parks and recreation areas

2

2.Transit Oriented Development Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a residential or commercial area designed to maximize access to public transport, and mixed-use/compact neighborhoods tend to use transit at all times of the day. Many cities striving to implement better TOD strategies seek to secure funding to create new public transportation infrastructure and improve existing services. Other measures might include regional cooperation to increase efficiency and expand services, and moving buses and trains more frequently through high-use areas.

Other topics fall under this concept: Transportation Demand management measures Road pricing system Commercial parking taxes

3

3.Pedestrian- and bicycle-friendly design Biking and walking instead of driving can reduce emissions, save money on fuel and maintenance, and foster a healthier population. Pedestrianand bicycle-friendly improvements include bike lanes on main streets, an urban bike-trail system, bike parking, pedestrian crossings, and associated master plans. The most pedestrian- and bike-friendly variant of smart growth and New Urbanism is New Pedestrianism because motor vehicles are on a separate grid.

4

Other Elements 4.preserving open space and critical habitat, reusing land, and protecting water supplies and air quality 5.transparent, predictable, fair and costeffective rules for development 6.historic preservation 7.Setting aside large areas where development is prohibited, nature is able to run its course, providing fresh air and clean water.

8.Expansion around already existing areas allows public services to be located where people are living without taking away from the core city neighborhoods in large urban areas.

9.Developing around preexisting areas decreases the socioeconomic segregation allowing society to function more equitably, generating a tax base for housing, educational and employment programs.

5

6

PRINCIPLES 1.Mix land uses.

2.Take advantage of compact building design.

3.Create a range of housing opportunities and choices.

4.Create walkable neighborhoods.

5.Foster distinctive, attractive communities with a strong sense of place.

6.Preserve open space, farmland, natural beauty, and critical environmental areas.

7.Strengthen and direct development towards existing communities.

8.Provide a variety of transportation choices.

9.Make development decisions predictable, fair, and cost effective.

10.Encourage community and stakeholder collaboration in development decisions.

7

BRAINSTORM TIME

ARE YOU ABLE TO WALK TO YOUR SCHOOL?

YOUR WORK?

A CAFE?

A SHOP?

AN URBAN PARK?

IS YOUR CITY “SMART”?

8

9

BENEFITS 1.Air quality 2.Climate change 3.Water quality 4.Brownfield redevelopment 5.Open space conservation

6.Small towns and rural communities 7.Attractive, Self-sufficient Neighborhoods 8.Healthy growing neighborhoods for children

IT RELATES TO HAPPINESS! Copenhagen,Denmark.

Silicon Valley, CA, USA

Bergen,Norway.

10

References

https://studyhippo.com/smart-growth-benefits/ https://www.slideshare.net/zarounee/smart-growth https://www.slideshare.net/joanna.deming/ten-principles-of-smart-growth-sgpwc http://www.wiki-zero.com/index.php?q=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvU21hcnRfZ3Jvd3Ro http://www.thefullwiki.org/Smart_growth http://www.newurbanism.org/newurbanism/smartgrowth.html