Hurricane bookle (massy) 13

HURRICANE & DISASTER BOOKLET Safety measures and preparedness tips

CONTENTS BEFORE THE HURRICANE

5

Family Disaster Plans & Checklists

6

Staying At Home Or A Shelter

11

Preparing For Special Needs & Pets

14

Preparing Your Home

17

Hurricane Watch – What To Do

19

DURING THE HURRICANE

22

During The Storm

23

AFTER THE HURRICANE

26

After The Hurricane

27

Hurricane Names 2015-2018

30

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS FOR OTHER CATASTROPHES

32

Floods

33

Landslides & Mudflows

35

Earthquakes

37

Tsunamis

41

Definitions & Terms

43

Disaster Preparedness Form

45

Get Hurricane & Disaster Ready with Massy United Insurance Massy United Insurance Ltd. is dedicated to you, our valued customers! With this in mind, we’re sharing our free, handy booklet to give you all the information you need to be hurricane and disaster ready.

This booklet is divided into three easy to read sections. Each segment gives you no-fuss information that will help you to protect you and your family during this season of tropical depressions, storms, flash foods and hurricanes.

● Section 1 – Before the Hurricane ● Section 2 – During the Hurricane ● Section 3 – After the Hurricane

We know that the hurricane season, which officially lasts from June 1 to November 30, is typically an especially uneasy time for homeowners. Since 1977, our team has been actively helping families to decrease their risk of property damage and injury during hurricanes. We have streamlined that knowledge into this booklet to ensure that you, your home and your family make it through the hurricane season as comfortably as possible.

With over 30 years of experience in providing reliable insurance solutions and trusted advice to residents of the Caribbean, we have seen how this information can help you to minimise your risk of damage and injury during this time. Use your Massy United Insurance Hurricane & Disaster Ready Booklet to create your natural disaster action plan.

Wishing you a safe hurricane season!

We’ve also included some useful Safety Tips and interesting facts about hurricanes and disasters, as well as a Disaster Preparedness section, which includes information on floods, landslides, earthquakes and tsunamis.

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From the Massy United Insurance Family.

BEFORE THE HURRICANE The word hurricane comes from the Taino Native American word, hurucane, meaning evil spirit of the wind.

HAVE YOU CREATED YOUR FAMILY DISASTER PLAN? A vital part of the safety of your family in the event of a hurricane or any other natural disaster is ensuring the preparedness of each member.

Developing and understanding a plan of action for a range of possible situations can ensure members are prepared. This is called a Family Disaster Plan or Family Emergency Plan. The success of this plan relies very much on each family member knowing what to do and working together to accomplish the tasks.

Make sure your family has a plan in place before an actual emergency occurs. Sit down together and decide how to get in contact with each other, where you will go if separated and the duties that each family is responsible for. Keep a copy of this plan in your emergency supply kit or another safe place where you can access it in the event of a disaster. Emergency drills and testing children on your emergency plan information should be done at least once every six months.

Here is a list of talking points to consider when creating your Emergency Plan: • Where to meet • Safe places (home, school, work or other places frequented by family members) • Emergency numbers (doctors, hospital, police, veterinarians, etc.)

• What to do when landfall is predicted (e.g. turn off gas, electricity, and water) • What to do with pets • Emergency routes out of house if primary access becomes affected • Where is the disaster kit

If family is not together at the time disaster strikes, use form at back of booklet.

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Did you know?

Hurricanes can also produce tornadoes. They are not as strong as regular tornadoes and last only a few minutes.

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

FAMILY DISASTER PLANS Once discussed, your Family Disaster Plan should be your family’s point of reference when disaster strikes.

• It should identify your family’s main contact (usually the head of household) • It should state the easily accessible meeting point and how to get to hurricane shelters if the Family Meeting Point is inaccessible • Identify at least 2 members who would be responsible for bringing the Kit to the meeting point and/or the shelter • Even if the family is together at the time of the disaster, preparation plans must still be in place to ensure the safety of everyone. Determine who would be responsible for securing the insides and outside of the home. Identify someone responsible for ensuring that the Emergency Kit is always stocked with all necessary supplies

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INS AND OUTS OF DISASTER SUPPLY KITS Disaster Supply Kits provide your family with basic essentials for survival during an emergency situation and often after a disaster such as a hurricane. A kit should contain everything that you will need to survive for reasonable length of time without aid, electricity, running water or a natural gas line.

Keep these things in mind when preparing a kit: • How many people will it serve, will there be house guests • The period of time that your kit will be able to sustain your family and guests.

Many households underestimate how soon an emergency response will be, as repairs to damaged utilities and services after a disaster can take days, weeks or longer to be fully restored • Create an inventory list to keep track of how supplies are being depleted and their expiry dates. Keep this (along with other important documents and checklists) in a waterproof container • Special medications required by family members or pets and hard copies of important instructions • A sustainable light, heat, and communication source that is not electricitybased. One may choose to stock up on extra mobile phone batteries and other power sources for your tools or appliances An adequate amount of water for drinking, cooking and personal hygiene Be realistic about the amount of non-perishable foods and water you and your family will need to consume. Plan well in advance to meet this goal • Any possible first aid supplies, tools or appliances to which you may not have access to during a hurricane • Ensure that your First Aid Kit is up-to-date

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fresh fresh water water

FIRST AID KIT

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

Family Disaster Checklists Your Disaster Kit should comprise of a number of different components to cover all your bases.

FOOD: ¨¨ Ready-to-eat canned meats, fruits and vegetables ¨¨ Canned juices, milk, soup (if powdered, store extra water), etc. ¨¨ Staples-sugar, salt, pepper, etc. ¨¨ High energy foods-peanut butter, jelly, crackers, granola bars, trail mix, etc. ¨¨ Vitamins ¨¨ Foods for infants, elderly persons or persons on special diets ¨¨ Comfort/stress foods-cookies, hard candy, sweetened cereals, lollipops, instant coffee, tea bags, etc.

NON-PRESCRIPTION DRUGS: ¨¨ Aspirin or non-aspirin pain reliever ¨¨ Anti-diarrhea medication ¨¨ Antacid (for stomach upset) ¨¨ Laxative ¨¨ Antihistamine

FIRST AID KIT:

TOOLS/SUPPLIES:

¨¨ Sterile adhesive bandages (assorted sizes) ¨¨ Antiseptic ¨¨ 2-inch sterile gauze pads (4-6) ¨¨ Triangular bandages (3) ¨¨ 4-inch sterile gauze pads (4-6) ¨¨ Moistened towelettes ¨¨ Hypoallergenic adhesive tape ¨¨ Thermometer ¨¨ 2-inch sterile roller bandages (3 rolls) ¨¨ 3-inch sterile roller bandages (3 rolls)

¨¨ Mess kits, or paper cups, plates and plastic utensils ¨¨ Tape ¨¨ Emergency Preparedness Manual ¨¨ Pliers ¨¨ Battery-operated radio and extra batteries ¨¨ Compass ¨¨ Flashlight and extra batteries ¨¨ Whistle ¨¨ Cash, cheques or change

Did you know?

¨¨ Tube tent ¨¨ Non-electric can opener or utility knife ¨¨ Signal flare ¨¨ Fire extinguisher: small canister, ABC type ¨¨ Paper/pencil ¨¨ Matches in a waterproof container ¨¨ Aluminum foil ¨¨ Plastic storage containers ¨¨ Needle and thread ¨¨ Medicine dropper ¨¨ Shut-off wrench, to turn off household gas and water ¨¨ Plastic sheeting ¨¨ Portable cellphone charger

¨¨ Cleansing agent/soap ¨¨ Scissors, Tweezers, Needle ¨¨ Latex gloves (2 pairs) ¨¨ Tube of petroleum jelly or other lubricant ¨¨ Assorted sizes of safety pins ¨¨ Sunscreen

SANITATION:

¨¨ Toilet paper or towelettes ¨¨ Personal hygiene items ¨¨ Soap or liquid detergent ¨¨ Sanitary napkins ¨¨ Plastic bucket with tight lid ¨¨ Disinfectant ¨¨ Household chlorine bleach ¨¨ Plastic garbage bags and ties (for personal sanitation uses)

Hurricanes can also produce tornadoes. They are not as strong as regular tornadoes and last only a few minutes.

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CLOTHING AND BEDDING: ¨¨ Sturdy shoes or work boots ¨¨ Hat and gloves ¨¨ Rain gear ¨¨ Blankets or sleeping bags ¨¨ Sunglasses SPECIAL ITEMS (FOR BABY): ¨¨ Formula ¨¨ Diapers ¨¨ Bottles ¨¨ Powdered milk ¨¨ Medications SPECIAL ITEMS (FOR ADULTS): ¨¨ Heart and high blood pressure medication ¨¨ Insulin ¨¨ Prescription drugs ¨¨ Denture needs ¨¨ Contact lenses and supplies ¨¨ Extra eye glasses ¨¨ Entertainment—games & books ¨¨ Important Family Documents: (Keep these records in a waterproof, portable container.)

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fresh fresh water water

ST AID KIT

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I WANT TO STAY AT HOME? If you have decided to stay at home during a hurricane, remember that you are doing so at your own risk. Minimise this risk by doing your due diligence and ensuring that your home is safe enough for you and your family to stay in during high winds, rain and possible floods. Find out about your home’s structural integrity and if it is possible for it to be retro-fitted with any necessary reinforcements.

It is important that you, your family and pets stay indoors. Be aware that emergency response may be restricted from providing aid in extremely dangerous weather conditions and that there may come a point when you and your family are on your own. You need to be well prepared to handle any emergencies.

Although you chose to stay at home, you may still be forced to make your way to a shelter. Become familiar with the shelters in your area and keep in mind their maximum occupancy and facilities.

Items to consider if repairs are needed: • Plastic Sheeting • Assorted Nails • Masking Tape • Hammer • Tarpaulins • Rubber Waterproof Boots

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WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I HAVE TO GO TO A SHELTER? If the situation arises where you and your family must take refuge, locate the nearest shelters as well as the quickest routes to get there. In the event that someone is not at home, remember the procedures and instructions that you would have discussed when making your family disaster plan.

Some stay-safe tips before making your way to a shelter: • Make sure that you can keep up to date on the status and severity of the hurricane with a radio • Adapt your Emergency Kit to one that is easy to travel with and has only your most essential items. Ideally, every member of the family should have a personal supply kit, including something to keep them warm, dry and entertained while at the shelter • If there is a member of the family with special needs, ensure that all of their medical supplies are packed. If any medicines are normally refrigerated, pack them in a watertight container within a rolling ice filled cooler • If you live near to an elderly or disabled person, try to find out if they are at home or safe before leaving for the shelter. If you think they are unsafe, ask if they would like to go to the shelter with you • Make sure your natural gas line, electricity breaker and water main are all switched off before leaving for a shelter • If you own any pets, you should make sure that the shelter you are going to will allow the type of animal you have

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OF COURSE YOUR HOME IS INSURED‌ BUT, IS IT ADEQUATE?

ACTUALLY INSURED

COVERAGE DOES NOT INCLUDE GARAGE THAT WAS BUILT LAST MONTH

You can never be too prepared for a hurricane or other natural disaster.

Have a comprehensive disaster preparedness plan in place for you and your family and make sure that your vehicle, property and its contents are insured with Massy United Insurance. Remember to ensure that your coverage is adequate and that any additional contents or upgrades to your property are included.

Call, click or visit us today.

VISIT OUR WEBSITE AT massyunitedinsurance.com

CARING FOR PEOPLE WITH SPECIAL NEEDS Providing care during and after a hurricane for people with special needs is very important. The caregiver needs to know ahead of time, what the person requires and at what time. The caregiver should know how to safely resuscitate the patient should the need arise. It is strongly advised that you prepare for the possibility of becoming a caregiver during a disaster by taking an emergency aid course or educating yourself on the necessary lifesaving and emergency procedures.

Expectant Mothers Anticipating a hurricane may be particularly stressful to a pregnant woman. Many questions and concerns come to mind. It is helpful to prepare well in advance.

• Have at least a two-week supply of medications on hand. Also, have extra prescriptions written by your doctor • Have sufficient supplies relative to any complication in your pregnancy • Have extra bottled water on hand • If your pregnancy is complicated in any way, discuss with your physician whether you should go to a hospital shelter, a hurricane shelter or stay at home if a hurricane is approaching • Take your prenatal and medical records with you if you are going to a shelter

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Persons With Speech, Language Or Hearing Disabilities • Store a writing pad for communication purposes • Keep a flashlight handy to signal whereabouts and for illumination to aid communication • Remember that people with hearing disabilities may not be able to heed verbal warnings or emergency instructions. Be sure to communicate all emergency information as it comes over the radio and ensure that they understand what was communicated

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

Diabetic Patients • Ensure that enough fluids are consumed and that drinking water is not in short supply, to prevent dehydration • Keep something containing sugar with you at all times, in case hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) develops • Keep insulin as cool as possible, avoiding direct heat and direct sunlight as well as freezing if placed on ice Dialysis Patients • Dialysis patients should contact their doctor or dialysis centre, to make arrangements for treatment and to formulate a care plan in the event of an extended power outage Asthmatic Patients • Make a note of what to do during an attack and have medication and rescue inhaler at hand • Recognise the symptoms of an attack and how asthma affects your family member • Obtain an epinephrine pen for people who are highly allergic to bee stings and other allergens that can trigger an asthma attack

Did you know?

The World Meteorological Organization headquartered in Geneva determines hurricane names from 6 separate lists that are rotated every 6 years.

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HOW DO I PREPARE FOR MY PET? Taking care of your pets during a hurricane requires just as much preparation as for any other member of the family. You should always be prepared for the possibility of having to be separated from your pet or having to leave it in the care of a kennel, pet shelter or another person. Have a list of emergency facilities, shelters or veterinarians who will be able to take your pet if you have to be separated. Have a trusted contact that lives nearby and can take care of your pet for you if you are away when a disaster strikes.

When preparing for a hurricane with a pet in mind: • Don’t leave pets unattended • Keep them in their carriers • Animals feel safer on higher ground; if possible, place pet carrier on a counter.

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• Always be sure that your animal has a proper form of identification on it in the event of separation from you. Make sure that it is licensed and vaccinated • Prepare a pet supply kit, which includes medications, apparatus, food and water that your pet may require over a prolonged period of time.

Remember that you may not have access to electricity and thus may not be able to safely store the remainder of large opened cans of wet food. Pack items that may distract or comfort your pet if it becomes scared • Keep current photos of your pet • Prepare a space for your animal to do ‘its business’ and make sure that you have a plan to properly dispose of its waste

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

IS MY HOME PREPARED? Insurance Coverage

Block and Steel Construction

Read your Massy United Insurance Policy to ensure that you are adequately covered in respect of your property, contents and vehicles.

The most cost effective and reliable way of reinforcing a concrete masonry block home to withstand hurricane-force winds, is to plan for it during the design phase and then include the reinforcement and fasteners while the house is being built.

Retrofitting an under-reinforced masonry block home can become a long, inconvenient and expensive venture, but it is one that is very important.

Hurricane Resistant Homes Timber Construction The entire perimeter should be secured to reinforced concrete foundations with galvanised metal straps or approved bolts at maximum four (4) foot spacing and a minimum depth of foundation, to be three (3) feet below adjacent ground level unless some other means are used to achieve adequate anchorage. Houses should be protected against termites (wood ants).

The Roof: Roof sheetings should be properly affixed to rafters and it should be done preferably with long drive screws. Spaces between the roof and the support should be sealed off during hurricane periods. A high wind will lift a roof if it gets into the air space between the roof and the supports.

Windows and Doors: Make sure that all fasteners for outside doors and windows are in order; whenever possible, windows should be reinforced with shutters and doors with bars.

Did you know?

If you are unsure about whether your concrete home is adequately reinforced and would like to secure your home, you can: • Gain access to the working drawings and plans of your home and have an architect or licensed professional tell you whether your home was built safely • Employ a licensed professional or contractor to inspect your home • Prepare for the cost of drilling or cutting into various walls of your home and the addition of other required parts If you proceed with adding reinforcement, make sure that the work is scheduled to be completed before the start of the hurricane season.

The planet Jupiter has a hurricane that has been going on for over 300 years. It can be seen as a red spot on the planet. This hurricane on Jupiter is bigger than the Earth itself.

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Preparation Facts:

Inside the home

Outside the home • Remove potential flying debris!

• Bring indoors: lawn furniture, trash cans, children’s toys, garden equipment, clotheslines, hanging plants and any other objects that may fly around. Anchor down any larger objects that must stay outside • Cover the outside of windows and glass doors with shutters or plywood secured to the structure of your house with bolts, latches or other strong fasteners. DO NOT nail yourself into your home in case you need to evacuate at short notice.

• Make sure that trees on your property that are close to power lines are properly trimmed • DO NOT attempt to cut trees or branches that are touching power lines.• Locate utility cut-off valves such as natural gas and water. Turn off electricity at the main fuse or breaker • Disconnect and remove your TV antenna or satellite dish.

• Check for loose or damaged galvanised sheets or roof tiles • Secure and unclog gutters since clogged gutters can cause water to pour into your home • If you have a pool, disconnect the pool pump from the electricity supply

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Did you know?

• If you stay at home, prepare a large closet, bathroom or hallway with no windows to ride out the storm. Place your survival kit and radio there along with pillows and blankets so that you will be comfortable. Remember games, books, and toys for the kids to help pass the time • Water Storage: fill up tubs, washing machines and large containers with water that will be used for washing and flushing • Close all curtains, drapes and blinds to stop flying debris (in case your shutters are blown off).

• If you have a dryer, remove the ventilation hose and seal the opening • You may want to take your pet out for a final walk before bringing them indoors

Secure Your Vehicle • Disconnect and remove the battery, storing it above ground level. This disconnects the car’s electronics, avoids electrical shorts and helps ensure the car’s survival of minor flooding If possible, park on high ground and preferable away from trees which can fall and cause damage • Purchase an adapter for your car to charge your cell phone • Fill tank

Current hurricane lists exclude Q, U, X, Y and Z because there are not enough names starting with these letters to include them.

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

HURRICANE WATCH 36-HOUR COUNTDOWN: WHAT TO DO? 1. LISTEN! Tune into the radio, watch television and check the Internet.

Keep yourself informed.

2. CHECK YOUR SURVIVAL KIT Go through the checklists and ensure that you have all of your emergency supplies. Keep the contents together in labelled watertight containers. Stock up on extras of everything. If you have a fire extinguisher, have it checked and recharged.

3. FILL UP YOUR VEHICLE Fuel up your vehicle i.e. car, truck, motorcycle! While at the gas station, check the air pressure in your tires and any other fluids.

4. GET CHARGED Charge all rechargeable batteries on items such as radios, mobile phones, flashlights, cameras, and cordless screwdrivers.

5. VISIT THE BANK Get extra cash. Remember banks’ ATM’s and in-store card terminals will not function during a power outage.

6. KEEP FROZEN Turn the setting dial in your freezer and refrigerator to the coldest settings and open only when necessary. If electricity goes out, the coldness in the refrigerator helps to reduce the instance of food spoilage.

Did you know?

Clean everything that gets wet. For food, medicines and cosmetics; when in doubt, throw it out.

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Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

CHECKLIST BEFORE THE HURRICANE SEASON

CHECKLIST

¨¨ Determine safe evacuation routes ¨¨ Learn locations of official shelters ¨¨ Check emergency equipment, such as flashlights, generators and battery-powered equipment such as cell phones ¨¨ Check batteries and stock up on canned food, first aid supplies, drinking water and medications ¨¨ Buy plywood or other material to protect your home if you don’t already have it ¨¨ Trim trees and shrubbery so branches don’t fly into your home ¨¨ Clear clogged rain gutters and downspouts ¨¨ Review your insurance policy ¨¨ Fuel and service family vehicles ¨¨ Ensure you have extra cash on hand

¨¨ Bottle water ¨¨ Batteries ¨¨ Canned food: milk, sardines, tuna, corned beef, vegetables, peanut butter, etc. ¨¨ Dry goods: biscuits, granola bars, cereal, nuts, dried fruits, etc. ¨¨ Toilet paper or paper towels ¨¨ Matches or lighters ¨¨ Paper plates, cups, cutlery, etc. ¨¨ Duct tape ¨¨ Baby supplies: baby food, diapers, formula, vaseline, powder, etc. ¨¨ Extra prescription medicines (two weeks supply) ¨¨ Battery-powered radio and extra batteries ¨¨ Two flashlights and extra packs of batteries ¨¨ Toiletries ¨¨ Insect repellent ¨¨ First Aid: smelling salts, alcohol, band aids/plasters, bandages, Alcolado Glacial/Limacol, antibiotic ointment, headache tablets, etc. ¨¨ Pet food and water

IF STAYING IN A HOME: ¨¨ Turn off utilities if told to do so by authorities ¨¨ Unplug small appliances ¨¨ Fill bathtub and large containers with water in case clean tap water is unavailable ¨¨ Turn refrigerator to maximum cold and keep it closed ¨¨ Use water in bathtubs for cleaning and flushing only. Do NOT drink it!

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DURING THE HURRICANE In the Pacific Ocean, hurricanes are generally known as typhoons. In the Indian Ocean they are called tropical cyclones.

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Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

DURING THE HURRICANE During the storm • • • •

•

If You Must Evacuate

Always stay calm and stay indoors once it is safe Close all interior doors Stay alert and listen to your radio Don’t drink alcohol, it may be tempting but this will impair your judgment Stay off the phone! Only make important or emergency phone calls

If Winds Become Strong • Stay away from windows and doors, even if they are covered and take refuge in a small interior room closet or hallway • If you are in a two story house, go to an interior first floor room • Lie on the floor under a table or other sturdy object

Did you know?

In an extreme case of emergency, you may be forced to evacuate during the storm. Only do so if officials have ordered you to or if your shelter has been destroyed and then follow the below tips: • • • • • • • •

Be extremely cautious and remain calm Know where you are going to go Leave as soon as possible Be sure all appliances are unplugged and the main water and electric valves are off Tell someone where you are going Take your survival kit and important documents Take blankets, pillows and sleeping bags Lock up your home and leave

Replant damaged ground as soon as possible since erosion caused by loss of ground cover can lead to flash flooding and additional landslides in the near future.

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If Power Goes Out

When in a Hurricane Warning Area:

• Use your flashlight instead of candles or open flames, such as a kerosene lamp • Turn of all appliances and your main breaker, as this will prevent power surges from damaging them when the power is restored • Drape a blanket or comforter over your fridge to help it stay cold

• • • • • • •

Emergency Repairs

What to Bring to a Shelter:

If you absolutely have to go outside as the eye of the hurricane passes, it should only be for emergency repairs and you must be swift. YOU MUST wear head and eye protection, heavy work boots and gloves. Have someone come with you to help you keep track of the changing weather conditions.

• • • • • • • • • • • •

If The Eye Passes During the passing of the eye, you will experience a lull of almost total calm. Remember that this is only temporary and that the storm conditions will soon return with extremely high winds coming from a different direction. After the eye passes, violent winds and rains will return in full force. Be patient, remain calm and stay indoors.

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Did you know?

Closely monitor radio and/or television for official bulletins Close storm shutters Follow instructions issued by local officials Leave immediately if ordered!

Stay with friends or relatives if necessary Notify neighbours and a family member of your evacuation plans Never use a generator indoors

First-aid kit Medicine and prescriptions Baby food and diapers Games, books, music players with headphones Toiletries Battery-powered radio and cell phone Flashlights Extra batteries A blanket or sleeping bag for each person Personal identification for each family member Copies of key papers such as insurance policies Cash, credit and debit cards

Hurricane Ivan was the 10th most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded.

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

Hurricane Ivan Hurricane Ivan was the 9th named storm and the 6th hurricane of the active 2004 Atlantic hurricane season. It was a Cape Verde-type hurricane that caused widespread damage in the Caribbean and United States. It reached Category 5 strength on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale.

At its peak in the Gulf of Mexico, Ivan was the size of the state of Texas and spawned 119 tornadoes across the eastern United States. It also killed 124 people and caused US $23.3 billion in damages. Its name is now on the retired list of Atlantic hurricane names.

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AFTER THE HURRICANE For insurance purposes, other detailed inventory lists should be created to have a record of valuable items owned outdoors and indoors.

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

AFTER THE HURRICANE The hurricane has passed and now it’s time to pick up the pieces. But before you venture outside remember the below and then take your next steps: • Listen to the radio for the “all clear” stating all dangers have passed • Venture outdoors but with extreme care. Power lines are likely to be down. DO NOT go near them or touch them • Wear your sturdy shoes or boots at all times • Keep your kids and pets inside as much as possible • Keep all calls to a minimum to allow emergency calls to get through • Do not wade through flooded areas with bare feet. Floodwater may be contaminated by sewerage, other contaminants and construction debris • Continue to monitor local media

If you are returning home from a shelter: • Return only once authorities advise that it is safe to do so.

• Stay away from disaster areas • Drive very carefully and approach every intersection with caution On Entering Your Home • Enter your home with caution • Beware of insects and animals driven to higher ground by floodwaters • Open windows and doors to ventilate and dry your home • Wet furniture, draperies and rugs should be moved outdoors to dry • Soaked wall-to-wall carpeting should be removed • Check refrigerated foods for spoilage • Take pictures of damage to your house and its contents and make a list for insurance claims

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First Aid

Expectant Mothers

• Help injured or trapped people • Give first aid where appropriate • Do not move a seriously injured person unless he/she are in immediate danger of further injury and call for help

After the hurricane you may feel compelled to do work necessary for recovery. Heat, fluid loss and fatigue may affect pregnant women as compared to others. Follow some simple guidelines below to keep you and your baby in good health:

Your Vehicle If your vehicle gets covered with water, don’t attempt to start it. Have it checked out by a mechanic with the proper diagnostic equipment. The car’s exhaust system and the brakes will need special attention. Water may have entered the brake fluid system, which could cause the brakes to fail at a later date. Oil and oil filters should be changed.

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• Be conscious that you may dehydrate quickly and maybe predisposed to premature labour • Drink water and fluids continuously. Avoid long exposure to heat, such as working for sustained periods outside or standing in lengthy lines • Avoid lifting heavy objects • Do not overwork. Take a few rest periods during the day • Get back to a healthy diet as soon as possible • Keep your scheduled office or clinic appointments

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

Filing your Insurance Claims

After the Storm

At Massy United Insurance, we know that your responsibility is to restore all normalcies to your home after a disaster. We are here to help that happen as quickly as possible and that’s our responsibility.

• Keep listening to the radio or television • Wait until an area is declared safe before returning home • Watch for closed roads. If you come upon a barricade or a flooded road, turn around. Don’t attempt to cross!

• Stay on firm, dry ground • Standing water may be electrically charged from power lines.

• Once home, check gas, water and electrical appliances for damage • Use a flashlight to inspect damage. Never use candles and other open flames indoors • Wear proper shoes to prevent cutting feet on sharp debris • Keep away from downed power lines to avoid electrocution

• Contact your Massy United Insurance agent as soon as possible to inform them of any damages sustained • Read your policy and schedule an appointment with a claims officer or report in writing any losses within 30 days to the date • Take photos of any damages inside and outside your home and its contents. Make a list of all damaged items for insurance claims • In case of looting, immediately inform police if property is lost, stolen or maliciously damaged • Take all reasonable steps to recover any lost or stolen property and to secure your home • Listen to the radio stations for announcements. Massy United Insurance will make every effort to inform you of office access and opening hours

Did you know?

Hurricane Floyd was barely a category 1 hurricane, but it still managed to cause over a billion dollars in damage.

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Hurricane Names List (2015–2018)

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2015

2016

2017

2018

Ana Bill Claudette Danny Erika Fred Grace Henri Ida Joaquin Kate Larry Mindy Nicholas Odette Peter Rose Sam Teresa Victor Wanda

Alex Bonnie Colin Danielle Earl Fiona Gaston Hermine Igor Julia Karl Lisa Matthew Nicole Otto Paula Richard Shary Tomas Virginie Walter

Arlene Bret Cindy Don Emily Franklin Gert Harvey Irma Jose Katia Lee Maria Nate Ophelia Philippe Rina Sean Tammy Vince Whitney

Alberto Beryl Chris Debby Ernesto Florence Gordon Helene Isaac Joyce Kirk Leslie Michael Nadine Oscar Patty Rafael Sara Tony Valerie William

SAFETY TIPS • If your home has been damaged and/or windows

have been broken, looting may become a problem right after the storm. The Police Force and other emergency officials will be severely overloaded with work; therefore, you may want to organise a neighbourhood watch in your area.

• Stay alert for extended rainfall and subsequent

flooding even after the hurricane or tropical storm has ended.

• Do not drink or prepare food with tap water until

officials declare it is safe.

Hurricane Janet Hurricane Janet was the most powerful tropical cyclone of the 1955 Atlantic hurricane season and one of the strongest Atlantic hurricanes on record.

She was the 11th named storm and 9th hurricane. Janet formed from a tropical wave east of the Lesser Antilles on September 21, 1955 and at her peak intensified to a Category 5 hurricane sustaining winds of 175 mph.

Janet passed just south of Barbados on September 22, becoming the first hurricane to strike the island in 57 years.

High winds knocked out communication and power lines and there were damages in excess of $1 million to the island’s Sugar Cane industry. Heavy rains peaked at 4” and a storm surge of 7 ft. swept away low-lying houses along the coast and it was estimated that 8,100 homes were damaged by the hurricane.

In total, property damage on Barbados was estimated to be $5 million, and at least 57 people were killed.

Did you know?

Initially, all hurricane names were female, with the first “girl” hurricane named Maria, after the heroine of the 1941 novel “Storm”.

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS The family safe location is one that you should be able to reach on foot within 15 minutes.

In any emergency, always listen to the instructions given by the Department of Emergency Management officials.

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Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

Floods Flooding is the most frequently occurring natural disaster that we face in the Caribbean. During the hurricane season, we tend to see increased risk of floods due to increased rainfall from tropical depressions and hurricanes. Here are some safety tips to prepare for rising water—and what to do once a flood has begun.

Before a Flood • If flooding is common in your neighbourhood, listen to the radio or television for information from authorities • Know the difference between a flood watch and a flood warning when issued • Find out whether your property is above or below flood level.

• Store building materials such as plywood, plastic sheeting, shovels, and sandbags if emergency repairs to your home are needed • Have an evacuation plan and route • Secure your home by bringing in outdoor furniture and preparing sandbags to protect your home. Move essential and valuable items to an upper floor • Fill large containers with clean water in case water becomes contaminated

• Be prepared to evacuate. Remember that evacuation is easiest if you do so when advised. Taking short cuts during an evacuation is never advised. Always keep to the designed routes assigned.

During a Flood • Close storm shutters and sandbag doorways to reduce water damage in your home • If a flood is imminent, Be Prepared! Always have your Disaster Preparedness Kit! If advised to evacuate your home, do so immediately • If you have to evacuate and must walk through water, wherever possible, walk where the water is not moving. Use a stick to check the firmness of the ground in front of you • If you have to evacuate and decide to drive, do not drive into flooded areas. If floodwaters rise around your car, abandon the car and move to higher ground if you can do so safely • Do not touch electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water

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After a Flood

SAFETY TIPS

• Listen to the radio for reports on the water quality in your neighbourhood and surrounding areas • Return home only when authorities indicate it is safe • If returning from a shelter, be aware of areas where floodwaters have receded. These roads may be weak from the stress of floodwaters and could collapse under the weight of your car • Stay away from downed power lines, and report them to the power company • Clean and disinfect everything that got wet. Mud left from floodwater can contain sewage and chemicals • Be sure to also air out your home and get all wet items outside to dry properly • It is important that you compile a list of any damaged items in your home and report it immediately to your insurance providers

Six inches of water will reach the bottom of most passenger cars causing loss of control and possible stalling.

A foot of water will float many vehicles Two feet of rushing water can carry away most vehicles including sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and pick-ups.

Do not attempt to drive through a flooded road.

The depth of water is not always obvious. The roadbed may be washed out under the water, and you could be stranded or trapped.

Floodwater may also be electrically charged from underground or downed power lines.

If you are travelling in a car and you enter an area where conditions change rapidly around you and the area becomes flooded, turn around and go the other way. Do not attempt to cross roads that are flooded. If your car stalls, immediately abandon it and get to higher ground.

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Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

Landslides & Mudflows With increased rainfall in the Caribbean over the course of the hurricane season, some areas become susceptible to landslides and/or mudflows.

Landslides are the mass movements of rock and debris that travel down a slope under the influence of gravity and often settle at the bottom of that hill, cliff or slope. Whereas, mudflows are the movements of soft, wet, unconsolidated earth and debris, made fluid by rain and often building up great speed. The difference between these two disasters is that of gravity and the continuous movement and speed that mudflows gather.

Before Intense Rainfall • Learn whether landslides/mud flows have occurred in your area by contacting your district emergency officer • Be aware that slopes where landslides/mudflows have occurred in the past are likely to experience them in the future • Be aware that intense short bursts of rain may be particularly dangerous, especially after longer periods of heavy rainfall and damp weather

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During Intense Rainfall

After Intense Rainfall

• Listen to the radio for local warnings of intense rainfall. Stay alert and watch hillsides around your home for any signs of land movement, such as small landslides/mudflows or progressively tilting trees • If you are in areas susceptible to landslides/mudflows, you may feel safer or more comfortable leaving your home and taking refuge in another safe area such as a shelter • Listen! Signs of landslides/mudflows can be indicated by unusual sounds such as the cracking trees, other signs may be small trickles of mud streams. Remember, this may be an indication of the activities upstream • Conditions can change rapidly and if you are near streams or rivers be prepared to move quickly! Do not linger in potentially dangerous areas • Whenever possible refrain from driving should landslides/ mudflows occur. Be especially alert when driving as embankments along roadsides will become particularly susceptible to landslides/mudflows. Watch the road for collapsed pavement and other signs of danger

• Listen to local radio/television stations for the latest emergency information • Look for and report broken utility lines to appropriate authorities • Check your home foundation, walls and surrounding land for damage. The safety of the areas needs to be assured by authorities before reoccupation is possible.

• Stay away from the landslide areas, as there may be danger of additional slides • Watch for flooding which may occur after a landslide • Check for injured or trapped persons near the slide, without entering the slide area. Direct rescuers to their locations • Help neighbours who may require special assistance – infants, the elderly and the disabled • Be sure to document any damages that you may have sustained and report to your insurance agent immediately

SAFETY TIPS Always be alert if you are in an area known for landslides/ mudflows! Be especially vigilant if you see doors or windows sticking and jamming for the first time. If you see slowly developing cracks appear on the ground or on paved areas such as streets or driveways and gradually get wider. On outside walls, walks, or stairs, if they begin to pull away from the building or new cracks appear in plaster, tile, brick or foundations be sure to move quickly and get to safety.

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Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

Earthquakes The subduction zone where the Caribbean and North American Plates meet primarily causes earthquake activity and events in the Eastern Caribbean. The North American Plate dips beneath the Caribbean Plate and the friction caused between the plates causes the moderate earthquake activity that we experience.

In order to be prepared for tremors and full-blown earthquake activity, a high level of vigilance and foresight will be needed. Go through your home imagining your possessions are being shaken by a violent earthquake and then secure all items appropriately.

STAY CALM. DO NOT PANIC. BE ALERT.

Did you know?

Tape does not prevent windows from breaking. Tape is used only to prevent windows from shattering. Using tape alone on windows is not recommended.

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Before an Earthquake

During an Earthquake

• Ensure everyone in your family knows your family disaster plan! Remember to practice this at least once every six months especially with children • Teach everybody in the family (if they are old enough) how to turn off the water and electricity. Clearly label the on-off positions for the water, electricity and gas • Secure water heaters, top-heavy furniture, major appliances and heavy equipment to wall studs or to the floor using a bracing kit to reduce the possibility of the causing damage • Secure expensive or fragile items that would be a significant loss if damaged

Wherever you are when an earthquake starts, take cover immediately. Move a few steps to a nearby safe place if need be.

Stay there until the shaking stops. Listen to the radio or television for information from authorities. Follow their instructions!

• Don’t hang heavy pictures and other items over beds. Closed curtains and blinds will help stop broken window glass from injuring your family • Consult a professional for additional ways to protect your home, such as bolting the house to its foundation and other structural mitigation techniques • Tap water may be unavailable immediately after the earthquake. Fill a bathtub and other containers in case the supply gets cut off Remember earthquakes can cause stress to underground water and gas lines causing them to rupture. Be sure not to use open flames during the aftermath.

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If you are indoors: “DROP, COVER AND HOLD ON!” • Stay inside • Drop under heavy furniture such as a table, desk, bed or any solid furniture • Cover your head and torso to prevent being hit by falling objects • Hold on to the object that you are under so that you remain covered. Be prepared to move with the object until the shaking has finished • If you can’t get under something strong, or if you are in a hallway, flatten yourself or crouch against an interior wall and protect your head and neck with your arms • If you are at school, get under a desk or table and hold on.

Face away from windows • If you are in a wheelchair, lock the wheels and protect the back of your head and neck

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

If you are outdoors • Stay outside • Go to an open area away from buildings. The most dangerous place is near exterior walls • If you are in a crowded public place, take cover where you won’t be trampled If you are in a vehicle • Pull over to a safe place where you are not blocking the road.

Keep roads clear for rescue and emergency vehicles.

• Avoid bridges, overpasses, underpasses, buildings or anything that could collapse • Stop the car and stay inside • Listen to your car radio for instructions from emergency officials • Do not attempt to get out of your car if downed power lines are across it. Wait to be rescued • If you are on a bus, stay in your seat until the bus stops. Take cover in a protected place. If you can’t take cover, sit in a crouched position and protect your head from falling debris

Did you know?

If it is dark when you are inspecting your home, use a flashlight rather than a candle or torch to avoid the risk of fire or explosion in a damaged home.

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If trapped under debris • • • •

Do not light a match Do not move about or kick up dust Cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing Tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can locate you. Shouting can cause you to inhale dangerous amounts of dust

AVOID the following in an earthquake • Doorways. Doors may slam shut and cause injuries • Downed power lines — stay at least 10 metres away to avoid injury • Coastlines. Earthquakes can trigger large ocean waves called tsunamis. Immediately move inland or to higher ground and remain there until officials give the all clear

• Put on sturdy shoes and protective clothing to help prevent injury from debris, especially broken glass • Check your home for structural damage and other hazards. If you suspect your home is unsafe, do not re-enter • Unplug appliances and broken lights to prevent fire when the power is restored • Stay away from brick walls as they may be damaged or weakened and could collapse during aftershocks • Do not light matches or turn on light switches until you are sure there are no gas leaks or flammable liquids spilled. Use a flashlight to check utilities and do not shut them off unless damaged. Leaking gas will smell like rotten eggs • If your home is equipped with natural gas: Call your gas provider immediately to report any concerns or if you smell gas (rotten egg smell). Shut off the gas valve if you know how. Once the gas is turned off, don’t turn it back on. Only a licensed gas technician can turn the gas on safely

After an Earthquake • Stay calm! Help others if you are able • Be prepared for aftershocks

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Did you know?

Most people who die in hurricanes are killed by the towering walls of seawater that come inland.

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

Tsunamis Tsunamis, pronounced soo-nรก-mees, also known as seismic sea waves are a series of enormous waves created by an underwater disturbance such as an earthquake, landslide or volcanic eruption (all of which are common in the Caribbean).

Tsunamis are most often the result of earthquake-induced movement of the ocean floor. Landslides and volcanic eruptions also pose a significant threat if occurring close to a shoreline; the first wave in a series could reach the beach in a few minutes, even before a warning is issued.

Areas are at greater risk if they are less than 25 feet above sea level and within a mile of the shore. Drowning is the most common cause of death associated with a tsunami.

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During a Tsunami

Tsunami Warning Signs • Strong earthquakes may cause tsunamis. RUN to high

ground if you are near the sea and feel a strong shaking • As a tsunami approaches land, the ocean tends to pull back

a significant distance from the shore, exposing the ocean floor, reefs and fish. Immediately RUN to high ground if the sea withdraws • A roaring sound from the ocean can sometimes be heard before a tsunami makes landfall. RUN to high ground if you hear a strange roar from the sea • Run to high ground if you experience ANY of these signs.

• Do not wait for all of the signs to occur before leaving the area

• Move inland to higher ground immediately. Pick areas 100 feet (30 metres) above sea level or go as far as 2 miles (3 kilometres) inland, away from the coastline. If you cannot get this high or far, go as high or far as you can.

Every foot inland or upward may make a difference • Stay away from the beach. Never go down to the beach to watch a tsunami come in. If you can see the wave you are too close to escape it.

CAUTION - If there is noticeable recession in water away from the shoreline this is nature’s tsunami warning and it should be heeded. You should move away immediately • Save yourself - not your possessions • Remember to help your neighbours who may require special assistance infants, elderly people, and individuals with access or functional needs

Before the Tsunami • Remember the Family Disaster Plan that you would have discussed with your family. Have your ‘emergency kit’ ready!

• Know the height of your street above sea level and the distance of your street from the coast or other high-risk waters.

Evacuation orders may be based on these numbers.

• If an earthquake occurs and you are in a coastal area, turn on your radio to learn if there is a tsunami warning • Flooding will be wide spread, protect your valuable belongings by storing them high

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Did you know?

After a Tsunami • Return home only after local officials tell you it is safe. A tsunami is a series of waves that may continue for hours. The next wave may be larger than the first one • Use caution when re-entering buildings or homes. Tsunami-driven floodwater may have damaged buildings where you least expect it. If unsure of the stability of your home, be safe and STAY OUT! • Avoid disaster areas. Your presence might interfere with emergency response operations • Stay away from debris in the water; it may pose a safety hazard to people or pets. To avoid injury, wear protective clothing and be cautious when cleaning up. Carefully watch every step you take

Do not walk through moving water. As little as 6 inches (15 centimeters) of moving water can make you fall.

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

DEFINITION TERMS

Aftershocks

Flood Watch/Warning

Hurricane Eye Wall

A quake of lesser magnitude, usually one of a series, following a large earthquake in the same area.

A watch means flooding is possible. A warning means flooding is occurring or will occur soon.

Cape Verde Hurricane

Flash Flood Warning

This is the ring of thunderstorms that surround a storm’s eye. The heaviest rain, strongest winds and worst turbulence are normally in the eye wall.

A Cape Verde-type hurricane is one that develops near the Cape Verde islands just off the west coast of Africa and in an average hurricane season there will be about two Cape Verde-type hurricanes. This is due to the abundance of warm open water over which these systems form into the largest and most intense storms of the season. These systems then move across the Atlantic and develop before encountering land eventually threatening Eastern Caribbean Islands and the US East Coast.

A flash flood is occurring; seek higher ground on foot immediately.

Hurricane Warning

Hurricane

A warning that sustained winds of 74 mph or higher is expected within 24 hours or less.

Maximum sustained wind is 74 mph (64 knots) or greater.

Hurricane Eye This is the low-pressure centre of a tropical cyclone. Surrounded by the most intense area of the storm and at a huge contrast inside the eye, winds are normally calm and sometimes the sky clears. WATCH THIS!

Hurricane Watch An announcement that hurricane conditions pose a possible threat to a specified coastal area within 36 hours. Continue normal activities but stay tuned to your radio for future advisories. Keep alert and ignore rumors.

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Richter-Scale

Storm Surge

Tropical Storm

Tsunami Warning

A logarithmic scale used to express the amount of energy released by an earthquake. Its values typically fall between 0 and 9, with each increase of 1 representing a 10-fold increase in energy.

An abnormal rise of the sea along a shore, primarily as a result of the winds of a storm.

A tropical cyclone in which the maximum sustained surface wind ranges from 39-73 mph (34-63 knots) inclusive. It becomes a hurricane once winds go up to 74 miles per hour or higher.

A tsunami warning is issued when a tsunami with the potential to generate widespread flooding is imminent or expected. Warnings alert the public that dangerous coastal flooding accompanied by powerful currents is possible and may continue for several hours after initial arrival.

Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale This rates the intensity of a hurricane using wind speed and storm surge.

The scale (Category 1 to 5) also estimates the likely damage and flooding a hurricane will cause upon landfall. The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is used only to describe hurricanes forming in the Atlantic and northeast Pacific Oceans.

Category 1: 74 – 95 miles per hour Category 2: 96 – 110 miles per hour Category 3: 111 – 130 miles per hour Category 4: 131 – 155 miles per hour Category 5: over 155 miles per hour

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Tropical Cyclone A violent storm originating over tropical or subtropical waters, characterised by violent rainstorms and high-velocity cyclonic winds.

Tropical Depression A tropical cyclone in which the maximum sustained surface wind is 38 mph (33 knots) or less.

Tropical Disturbance A moving area of thunderstorm in the tropics that maintains its identity for 24 hours or more (This is common in the tropics).

Tropical Storm Watch This is issued for a coastal area when there is a threat of tropical storm conditions within 36 hours.

Tropical Wave Is an atmospheric trough of relatively low air pressure causing areas of cloudiness and thunderstorms.

Tsunami Advisory A tsunami advisory is issued when a tsunami with the potential to generate strong currents or waves dangerous to those people in or very near the water is imminent or expected.

Tsunami Watch A tsunami watch is issued to alert the public of an event which may later impact the watch area. The watch may be upgraded to a warning or advisory based on updated information and analysis. Watches are normally issued based on seismic information without confirmation that a destructive tsunami is underway.

Massy United Insurance Ltd. Hurricane & Disaster Handbook 2015

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS FORM Family emergency contact name: Family emergency contact telephone number: Family meeting point location: Family designated hurricane shelter: Routes to get to hurricane shelter:

Who’s responsible for bringing the emergency kits:

If family is together at time of disaster: Who’s responsible for securing the outside of the house:

Who’s responsible for securing items on the inside of the house:

Who’s responsible for ensuring the emergency kit is stocked and up to date:

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BATTERIES DEAD FOR 2 YEARS

THOUGHT

YOU WERE

PREPARED?

FOOD IS EXPIRED

DOESN’T INCLUDE GARAGE

THAT WAS BUILT LAST MONTH

Have a comprehensive disaster preparedness plan in place for you and your family and make sure that your vehicle, property and its contents are insured with Massy United Insurance. Remember to ensure that your coverage is adequate and that any additional contents or upgrades to your property are included.

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