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SUMMARY 5

PROXEMICS

HUMAN DISTANCES

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INTERPERSONAL DISTANCE HORIZONTAL VERTICAL BIOMETRICS

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THE PORCUPINE DILEMMA

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NEUROPSYCHOLOGY

CONCLUSIONS

ABOUT US THIS ISSUE GUESTS

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How to enter: Free submission of illustrations, comics, fine art and visual art will be always welcome. We accept also free submission from poets and writers. The only two selections criteria that we will use are that you have some kind of connections with Campania (mental travel will not br accepted, sorry) and that your works is matching the theme of the issue. You will be informed about the next fanzine theme on our social media pages.

How to help us: Follow us on our socials, share our content and, last but not least, you can also buy a paper copy on our amazon direct publishing link.

https://www.facebook.com/Campanier/ @thecampanier thecampanier@gmail.com

Text supervision Marianna Perdinci, Maria Salemme. Art Direction Ramona Bruno Cover by Serena GiamĂŠ Graphics Maria Verde Southern Italians adagio source: dettieproverbi.it

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CAMPANIER issue 1 The Campanier is a no-profit fanzine project born to tell about the world through the illustration made by Campania visual artists. The Campanier believes in illustration as a universal language of reading reality and wants to boost the enormous potential of Campania visual culture. The Campanier is an idea by four Campanian illustrators, which are responsible of editing and art direction. The project is also free supported by illustrators of Campania panorama, which guarantees its quality of content and respect of originality. For this issue, born during the quarantine of 2020, the theme is Proxemics. We choose Wikipedia, the free enciclopedia as source to explaine the term, please support also their work. We hope that this collage between neuroscience, arts and folk adagios starts some kind of menthal short-circuit for new visions. We hope it will cheer you up. The Campanier covers are - obviously - a tribute to The New Yorker.

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PROXEMICS from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia “Proxemics is the study of human use of space and the effects that population density has on behaviour, communication, and social interaction. Proxemics is one among several subcategories in the study of nonverbal communication, including haptics (touch), kinesics (body movement), vocalics (paralanguage), and chronemics (structure of time). Edward T. Hall, the cultural anthropologist who coined the term in 1963, defined proxemics as “the interrelated observations and theories of humans use of space as a specialized elaboration of culture”. In his foundational work on proxemics, The Hidden Dimension, Hall emphasized the impact of proxemic behavior (the use of space) on interpersonal communication. According to Hall, the study of proxemics is valuable in evaluating not only the way people interact with others in daily life, but also “the organization of space in [their] houses and buildings, and ultimately the layout of [their] towns”. Proxemics remains a hidden component of interpersonal communication that is uncovered through observation and strongly influenced by culture.”

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MARIA VERDE 8


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HUMAN DISTANCES INTERPERSONAL DISTANCE Hall described the interpersonal distances of man (the relative distances between people) in four distinct zones: intimate space, personal space, social space, and public space. HORIZONTAL A chart depicting Edward T. Hall’s interpersonal distances of man, showing radius in feet and meters: Intimate distance

for embracing, touching or whispering Close phase – less than one inch (one to two cm) Far phase – 6 to 18 inches (15 to 46 cm)

Personal distance

for interactions among good friends or family. Close phase – 1.5 to 2.5 feet (46 to 76 cm) Far phase – 2.5 to 4 feet (76 to 122 cm)

Social distance

for interactions among acquaintances Close phase – 4 to 7 feet (1.2 to 2.1 m) Far phase – 7 to 12 feet (2.1 to 3.7 m)

Public distance

used for public speaking Close phase – 12 to 25 feet (3.7 to 7.6 m) Far phase – 25 feet (7.6 m) or more. 9


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‘ABELLA

What does it mean? “The beautiful girl doesn’t miss one boyfriend.” It is not difficult for beautiful women (and men) to find someone who can fall in love with them.

FIGLIÒLA NUN MANCA ‘NNAMMURATO We can call personal space the distance surrounding a person within intimate distance and personal distance. The public space, instead, is the distance surrounding a person out of personal and social distance. The space that separates us from others is a space everyone creates mentally, like a map, and is called the proxemic space or proxemic bubble. When we talk about personal space, we consider the fact that each person is inclined to build his own personal territory with boundaries that define it.

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When two or more persons allow each other to enter into this space, we have a relationship. As we read before, not all of the relationships are the same, so we have different kinds of zones: the first is an intimate zone for close friends, lovers and family, the following two zones for friends or acquaintances, and a further zone is for strangers and public speaking. So, when we enter in contact with somebody’s personal space, we can consider them a member of the family or a close and intimate friend.


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MARIANNA PERDINCI 11


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RAMONA BRUNO

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CARTE

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What does it mean? “Cards and women do whatever they want”. Playing cards, like women, are unpredictable.

E FEMMENE

FANNO CHELLO CA VONNO Most of the people give huge value to personal space and may feel a sense of intrusion, anxiety, discomfort, and anger if their personal space is violated. In modern society, especially in big cities or in urban communities, it’s hard to leave personal space not contaminated by others’ intromissions, for example in crowded trains, metropolitans, malls, or elevators. Sometimes it is difficult to preserve personal space, and someone might not feel comfortable with this physical proximity. It could feel psychologically uncomfortable as an abuse, despite the fact that proximity is totally accepted by most of us in modern life. In a crowded and impersonal situation, eye contact is not accepted, and the first thing to do is preserving personal space from physical, intimate, and sexual contact. 13


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‘ACUNFERENZA What does it mean? “Too much confidence leads to rudeness.” Sometimes, when you act too familiar with another person, you can end up being rude.

È PADRONA D’ ‘A

MALACRIANZA The section of the brain who is involved in processing reactions about the space around us is the amygdala, or amygdaloid body, a nuclear complex located in the dorsomedial part of the temporal lobe that manages emotions and in particular fear. The research of Kennedy DP Gläscher J, Tyszka JM, Adolphs in 2009 suggests to us important notes like this: “Our findings suggest that the amygdala may mediate the repulsive force that helps to maintain a minimum distance between people. Further, our findings are consistent with those in monkeys with bilateral amygdala lesions, who stay within closer proximity to other monkeys or people, an effect we suggest arises from the absence of strong emotional responses to personal space violation.” People carry their personal spaces wherever they go. We could say that personal space is the only inviolate territory in the world.

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NINIEL ILLUSTRATOR 15


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Hall explains that posture, little changes in sound, and pitch of a person’s voice are clear signals of sensory shifts due to an intrusion in personal space. And, according to this, the social distance between people is connected with physical distance as well as the intimate and personal are. With this concept, Hall did not give us rules of measurement or strict guidelines for human behaviour but rather gave us a system for gauging effects of distance on communication and how this distance could change from people to people if we consider different cultures and environmental factors. VERTICAL Until now we mentioned the horizontal distance. There is also a vertical distance that acts as something between people. The vertical distance defines dominance or subordination between people in a relationship. Sometimes who looking upon another person is the higher person who has greater status. In the case of teachers or people who work with children, for example, we could notice better interaction if they put themselves on the same vertical level of the students. So, the understanding of vertical distance could be a tool for improving communication, and in other cases, using this distance could give psychological advantages.

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‘A CUPO What does it mean? “What is already full cannot be filled further.”

CUOPPO

POCO PEPE CAPE

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PAOLA PEDRIZZI 19


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BIOMETRICS Biometrics is the technical term for body measurements and calculations, and it refers to metrics related to human characteristics. Hall used biometrics concepts to explain, explore, and categorize how people connect among them in space. These variations of characters are affected by a lot of nonverbal communicative factors: •Kinaesthetic factors: the proximity of the participants, if there is a contact of the body, and which part of the body is in contact, or no contact of the body at all. •Haptic code: how many participants are touching one another and what kind of contact is, such as touching, caressing, pressing against, feeling, accidental touching, or not touching at all. •Visual code: the category investigates eye contact, if there is an eye-to-eye contact or no eye contact at all. •Thermal code: the quantity of body heat that each participant feels from another. •Olfactory code: what kind and degree of odour perceived by each participant from the other. •Voice loudness: what is the intensity or the effort in speech. The speech could be silent, soft, normal, loud, and very loud.

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The porcupine dilemma “One cold winter’s day, a number of porcupines huddled together quite closely in order through their mutual warmth to prevent themselves from being frozen. But they soon felt the effect of their quills on one another, which made them again move apart. Now when the need for warmth once more brought them together, the drawback of the quills was repeated so that they were tossed between two evils, until they had discovered the proper distance from which they could best tolerate one another. Thus the need for society which springs from the emptiness and monotony of men’s lives, drives them together; but their many unpleasant and repulsive qualities and insufferable drawbacks once more drive them apart. The mean distance which they finally discover, and which enables them to endure being together, is politeness and good manners. Whoever does not keep to this, is told in England to ‘keep his distance.’ By virtue thereof, it is true that the need for mutual warmth will be only imperfectly satisfied, but on the other hand, the pick of the quills will not be felt. Yet whoever has a great deal of internal warmth of his own will prefer to keep away from society in order to avoid giving or receiving trouble or annoyance.” (from Arthur Schopenhauer: Parerga and Parlipomena: Short Philosophical Essays)

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‘A

What does it mean? “Man’s head is an onion puff ”. The human mind is fragile and thin as the peel of an onion, just a small episode to make us change mood or decision

CERVÈLLA’ È’NA

SFOGLIA

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CEPOLLE

NEUROPSYCHOLOGY If Hall’s work uses the human connection to explain and demonstrate how proxemics could variate, meanwhile the neuropsychology describes personal space with what kind of closeness exists between individuals’ bodies. 22


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STEFANIA IANNIELLO


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SERENA GIAMÉ 24


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‘AMONACA

What does it mean? “The Camaldoli nun said that she doesn’t like limp, and hard it hurts too much” Proverb referred to all those people who are ever satisfy.

DE’ CAMALDOLI DICEVA CA MUSCIO NUN LE PIACEVA E TUOSTO LE FACEVA MALE We have in particular an Extrapersonal space, the space outside the reach of a person, a Peripersonal space, the space that occurs within the reach of a person (in this case, “within arm’s length” means to be inside the personal space of someone), and finally a Pericutaneous space, the space just a bit outside a person but as soon as touchable.

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To elaborate on the space, the visual-tactile perceptive is more important. An example could be when there is the sensation of feeling tickled just seeing a feather close to us. Other examples include air gusts, heat passages, or wind blowing.


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What does it mean? “Candles are not lit on an abandoned altar.” It is useless to waste energy on a lost cause.

SGARRUPÀTO

NUN S’APPICCIANO

CANNÈLE

CONCLUSION Knowing the proxemics is as important as the speech because in this way it is possible to self-educate oneself “to stay in oneself ’s place”. To give communication an effective way, people need to pay attention to non-verbal signals that the interlocutor sends and put themselves in a relational distance that the other desires. 26

“The porcupine dilemma” proposed by Schopenhauer in his collection of thoughts called “Parerga and Paralipomena”, tells everyone that the solution stays all in the right distance. A moderate mutual distance can be the way to choose to take shelter from what can hurt from inside or outside.


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CLAUDIA SCHIOPPA 27


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THE

CAMPANIER(S)

are:

RAMONA BRUNO

Visual artist, architecture master degree plus four years degree in illustration. She is focused on illustration and graphic design mostly. ramonabrunoillustratrice@gmail.com www.ramonabruno.com

MARIANNA PERDINCI

Graduated as visual artist and after as illustrator, is based between Salerno and Napoli. She moves on illustration, painting and graphics.

mariannaperdinci@gmail.com www.behance.net/mariannaperdinci

SERENA GIAMÉ

Based in Naples, she studied illustration at the Italian School of Comix. Her studies concern about digital illustration and graphic. serenagiameillustratrice@gmail.com

PAOLA PEDRIZZI

Painter and illustrator based in Salerno, bachelor of Fine Arts and Illustration - 2D animation degrees. paola.pedrizzi@gmail.com www.behance.net/paolapedrizzi

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this issue guests are: CLAUDIA SCHIOPPA

Always lived in Rome with Naples parents: how can a person grow up normal? I don’t know. Currently studying Art in Milan, loving pencil, feminism and doggos. claudiaschioppa@gmail.com www.behance.net/claudiasch5616

STEFANIA IANNIELLO

After classical studies, she graduates first in Graphic Art for the Illustration and later in Painting at the Academy of Fine Arts of Naples. After attending some courses about illustration, she fell in love with street art and did a series of personal exhibition around Naples. https://stefaniaianniello.altervista.org/

ANNA MARIA MINERVA

Aka Niniel Illustrator was born in Italy in 1987. She started her studies in Naples, first at Academy of Fine Arts, then at the Italian Comix School. She collaborates like character design, concept and background artist and children’s book illustrations. niniel_illustration.artstation.com msniniel@gmail.com

MARIA VERDE

Maria Verde was born in 1988 in Naples. She is an illustrator and a graphic designer based in Italy. www.behance.net/marija_verde marijaverde@gmail.com

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