Monday, February 5, 2018

SINCE 1891

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2018

VOLUME CLIII, ISSUE 9

WWW.BROWNDAILYHERALD.COM

Cambridge ’21 drains game-winning three U. study improves interfaces Brown falls to Penn between brain, computers on road Friday before shocking Princeton in overtime Saturday

BrainGate study shortens calibration time, gives patients faster control of external devices

By ALEX SMOLAR SENIOR STAFF WRITER

The men’s basketball team played two games that went down to the wire in overtime this weekend. Bruno fell to Penn Friday and was carried by the heroics of Desmond Cambridge ’21 to a victory against Princeton Saturday.

By ARJUN GANGA STAFF WRITER

M. BASKETBALL With the results, the Bears (10-9, 3-3 Ivy) remain in fourth place in the Ivy League, trailing Penn, Harvard and Princeton in the conference standings.

Penn 95, Brown 90 (OT) The Bears fell in heartbreaking fashion against the Quakers in overtime.

Missed free throws doomed Bruno in the 95-90 loss.

“Something about going into another team’s gym and playing really brings out the competitor in you,” said Travis Fuller ’21. “We played well. (We) just didn’t have some things go our way in the end.”

COURTESY OF BROWN ATHLETICS

Desmond Cambridge ’21 notched the game-winning three to beat Princeton. The shot was just three of Cambridge’s 32 points in the contest.

The game began as a back-and-forth duel, with five lead changes in the first half. Cambridge led Brown with 13 points on 6-9 shooting, followed by Zach Hunsaker ’20, who posted 11.

The Bears shot 53 percent from the field along with 56 percent from beyond the

three point arc. At the half, Bruno led the Quakers (15-6, 5-0) 43-42.

The intensity continued to heighten in the second period, as a layup from Matt DeWolf ’21 gave Brown a 71-70 lead with eight minutes remaining. » See BEARS, page 3

The integration of man and machine may seem like science fiction, but the well-funded scientific movement aiming to restore functional independence to patients through the integration of computers is already a reality. A recent University study as part of the BrainGate2 clinical trial builds on this movement and improves the calibration system between brain and machine.

For those with conditions like ALS, brain stem stroke or limb loss, movements that many take for granted can be extremely difficult or even impossible. Brain-computer interfaces, or BCIs, aim to help those with such ailments by translating brain cell signaling into the click of a cursor, the selection of letters on a screen or even the movement of robotic limbs.

One of the challenges involved in

the real-time translation of brain activity is syncing an external device to align with the signals of the brain. This complex calibration process involves machine learning — a set of elaborate algorithms — and often a technician, but the recent University study has sped things up.

The team studied two fundamentally different methods of decoding neural signals from a small device implanted directly into the brain, hoping to test the calibration process across each method. Using these decoding algorithms, all three participants gained full control of a computer cursor in under three minutes. One participant imagined moving a joystick in his mind and shaved almost two and a half minutes off of the typical calibration time.

Previous calibration processes — which have to occur frequently as neural signals change over time — have taken subjects anywhere from 11 to 20 minutes and have required patients to focus intensely while working with a technician, said Leigh Hochberg, professor of engineering and an author of the study. » See BRAINGATE, page 2

New Taubman Fellows focus Congress seeks to fine-tune music legislation on disaster relief, agriculture David Schwartz ’09, Angela Blanchard to teach, also connect with students through Swearer

By MALCOLM NASH STAFF WRITER

This semester, Angela Blanchard and David Schwartz ’09 are bringing their experiences as entrepreneurs and change-makers to the University as Taubman Fellows and Social Entrepreneurs in Residence through the Swearer Center for Public Service. As fellows, they will each teach a public policy class and seek to connect with students working toward social justice.

The semester-long residency brings social change leaders to serve as “educators, advisors and conveners within Brown’s social innovation community,” wrote Emily Wright, assistant director of communications and public engagement at the Swearer Center, in an email to The Herald. The program has been bringing entrepreneurs to campus since fall 2015.

Blanchard served as president and CEO of BakerRipley until summer 2017 and has spent more than 30 years

INSIDE

as an expert practitioner in community development. In her time with BakerRipley, she focused on disaster recovery and effective long-term integration for immigrants and refugees, according to the company’s website.

She has helped cities and local leaders address disasters and community issues around the world.

Her class, PLCY 2772: “Disaster, Displacement and Response: A Practitioner, People-Focused Lens on Urban Policy and Practice,” will be offered to Masters in Public Affairs students who want to learn about disaster recovery efforts through a scenario-based examination.

The last 15 years have witnessed numerous disasters — both natural and man-made — in succession, Blanchard said, referencing Hurricane Harvey, Hurricane Katrina and the war on Syria as examples. “We can’t keep pretending these are rare,” she added.

“I’m here to be available to the change-makers of the future,” Blanchard said.

Schwartz was also excited by the prospect of having an impact on the “leaders of the future.” In his time as an undergraduate at the University, » See TAUBMAN, page 2

ELLA ROSENBLATT / HERALD

R.I. Senator Sheldon Whitehouse introduces act to update music copyright laws

By COLLEEN CRONIN SENIOR STAFF WRITER

The Music Modernization Act, a recently introduced piece of legislation under consideration by Congress, aims to revamp the musical licensing system, according to the bill. One of three recently proposed bills intended to regulate the music industry, the act focuses on songwriters and the royalties they receive when their music is recorded

and reproduced (otherwise known as “mechanicals”).

If the act is passed, it would be a win for songwriters and their publishing companies, but may adversely affect streaming companies, Associate Professor of Music Marc Perlman wrote in an email to The Herald, adding that streaming companies may be economically strained or even put out of business. “We can be sure they will lobby hard against this bill,” he wrote.

Rhode Island Senator and co-sponsor of the Music Modernization Act Sheldon Whitehouse is hopeful that this act can improve the market for artists and possibly help the state of Rhode Island in particular.

“As more of us stream our music online, this bill will help make sure the songwriters who compose the music we love are paid fair value for their work,” Whitehouse said, according to a statement from his office. “Updating our licensing and royalties laws is a win for creators, publishers and fans of great music.”

In the bill’s own words, the Music Modernization Act is meant “to provide clarity with respect to, and to modernize, the licensing system for musical works … to ensure fairness in the establishment of certain rates and fees.”

The act hopes to address the failure of the free market to effectively regulate » See MUSIC, page 2

WEATHER

MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2018

NEWS Mayor Elorza repeats call to lease water supply to fund pension debts while seeking re-election

SPORTS Women’s basketball team falls to Ivy rivals Penn and Princeton this weekend at home

COMMENTARY Savello ’18: University fails to meet demand for introductory writing courses, must improve

COMMENTARY Fitzpatrick ’20: Women’s March must be intersectional in order to be successful

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THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

» TAUBMAN, from page 1 Schwartz co-founded Real Food Challenge to address issues with industrialized agriculture. Since then, RFC has grown into a million-dollar organization with 12 full-time staff members that seek to “shift millions and eventually billions of dollars away from industrialized agriculture,” Schwartz said.

Schwartz also hopes to expand his own social justice work as a Taubman Fellow, he said.

This spring, Schwartz will teach PLCY 1824: “Social Change and Building Powerful Organizations,” open to undergraduates. The class examines both the “nuts and bolts” of building effective organizations, but also the conceptual issues involved with addressing systemic problems, Schwartz said.

While at the University, he also wants to expand his focus to research the intersection of social justice work and spirituality. “There’s a lot of chatter about the decline of organized

COURTESY OF SWEARER CENTER

COURTEST OF SWEARER CENTER

David Schwartz ‘09 co-founded Real Food Challenge, an organization that encourages universities to provide locally-sourced food to students.

Angela Blanchard previously acted as president and CEO of BakerRipley, where she worked toward refugee integration and disaster recovery.

religion and what that means for our society and the morality of our society,” Schwartz said. “But at the same

a significant role in the social justice struggles of our time.”

The program has received more

time, there’s all sorts of new people gathering in spiritual communities that I think has the potential to play

» BRAINGATE, from page 1 “One of the things that I was really interested in with my research was trying to reduce the amount of active intervention required from a technician to get this system to work,” said David Brandman, neuroengineering postdoctoral fellow and the lead author of the study. This development makes it easier for patients to use the device on their own.

“To my knowledge, this is the first time where somebody has tried to quantify how quickly someone can learn to use a BCI across multiple people and novel users,” said Jennifer Collinger, assistant professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation at the University of Pittsburgh, who was unaffiliated with the study. She added that because neural signals can change over time, adjustments can be less burdensome with the rapid calibration times introduced by this study.

Eventually, the field may be rife with computer algorithms with the capability to recalibrate on their own.

A BrainGate study in 2015 showed this technology is indeed possible, making BCIs usable after just one calibration process. “That’s something that the field is really pushing for — algorithms that can handle a self-recalibration process so that with these devices, calibration never has to be done again, at least in a supervised fashion,” said

» MUSIC, from page 1 music prices. Every time a computer streams music, it copies the audio into RAM, which is a form of reproduction, Perlman wrote. Though the free market is expected to create a price that matches the demand for the product, the inexpensive nature of streaming music means that artists are frequently underpaid.

On average, artists receive $0.006 to $0.0084 per stream for songs on Spotify, according to Time Magazine. With these numbers, 100,000 streams would result

CATHERINE HABGOOD / HERALD

in a payout ranging from $600 to $840.

“Figuring out how much music is worth is a contentious business,” Perlman wrote.

The act would enlist the Copyright Royalty Board to “mimic” the free market process by setting prices for payouts to artists, though exact procedures are yet to be determined, Perlman wrote.

The CRB had previously tried to regulate rates for broadcasting on the internet, but Congress reversed the decision due to webcasters’ complaints that the costs were too high.

While webcasters have fought against high prices for broadcasting, songwriters, performers and producers have voiced concerns that they are not getting a fair payout for their services. Jay-Z went so far as to create his own streaming service, “Tidal,” to combat the problem.

According to Forbes, the rapper’s app is one of the top grossing on iTunes.

Alongside artists like Jay-Z, students on campus are affected by issues of music streaming regulation. Colin MacFaddin ’21 has been composing his own music since he was in the ninth grade.

MacFaddin uses streaming apps notorious for low payouts, including Spotify and SoundCloud.

“I haven’t monetized either (account) because I personally believe my music wouldn’t be worth monetizing,” MacFaddin said. “I don’t think it would have enough views for it to actually have a payout.”

It is hard to compete with other artists and actually make money on these music platforms, MacFaddin said. Right now, he uses the platforms to share both his covers and original songs with

than 25 applications for next fall, Wright wrote.

Steven Chase, associate professor of biomedical engineering at Carnegie Mellon University studying BCIs, who was unaffiliated with the study.

Another advancement in the field may come in the form of wireless devices that can seamlessly communicate with a robotic arm or computer cursor.

“Ultimately, we’d like to move to a point where individuals with paralysis have a fully embedded, wireless system that worked 24 hours a day, seven days a week without the requirement of a technician … which would allow people to gain functional independence,” Brandman said.

While the study is promising, subjects have to undergo invasive brain surgery in order to implant a recording array like the one used in the University study. “Essentially, scar tissue builds up around the array and it pushes the neurons away from the tips of the electrodes. … Over time, you lose the ability to record from individual neurons,” Chase said. At the moment, this problem is “the single largest problem keeping these devices from going into widespread clinical use.”

These drawbacks have spurred a growing movement to use noninvasive recorders, which aim to gather as much brain activity as devices placed directly into the tissue. But the array in the study, according to Hochberg, “is the best clinically-cleared device … available today.” friends.

This is the second attempt at passing the bill, which was introduced in the House in 2017. This act has been referred to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary.

One of the additional pieces of legislation introduced in Congress is the Fair Play, Fair Pay Act, which seeks to compensate music performers as opposed to songwriters. This act is focused on “performance royalties,” or the payouts artists receive when broadcasters play their music on the radio.

NEWS

MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2018 • PAGE 3

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Elorza reiterates call to lease Providence Water Supply Board If re-elected, Elorza would fund long-term pension liabilities through lease of city water supply

By SOPHIE CULPEPPER SENIOR STAFF WRITER

Mayor Jorge Elorza is continuing to press for the leasing of the Providence Water Supply Board to fund the city’s $1 billion long-term pension liabilities.

Elorza reiterated his commitment to lease the Water Supply Board following his announcement that he is running for re-election in an interview with the Providence Journal Jan. 18.

The mayor’s team expressed satisfaction with their management of the city’s budget throughout his time in office. “I can confirm that the city realized a $2.2 million rainy-day fund,” wrote Victor Morente, press secretary for the office of the mayor. This surplus in the general reserve eliminated a cumulative deficit of $3.16 million, according to the City of Providence Financial Report for fiscal year 2017.

A surplus was projected for $10.2 million, but Elorza told the Providence Journal that when a $7.2 million surplus was achieved, $4.9 million was paid to a settlement with city

» BEARS, from page 1 Moments later, Brandon Anderson ’20 completed a spinning layup to finish a tough shot in traffic and extend the lead to four.

With five minutes left, Cambridge launched a three-point bomb to give the Bears a 79-75 lead. He would finish with 29 points on 12-19 shooting.

“Dez (Desmond) has been a big part of our success this year,” Fuller said. “I know he’ll continue to (play well) in the future.”

But with 1:48 left in the game, Darnell Foreman made two free throws from the charity stripe to trim Brown’s lead to just two. Thirty seconds later, two more free throws from Foreman tied the game at 82.

In overtime, Brown kept the game close, but Max Rothschild’s hook shot over Bruno’s defenders put Penn on top by two with 30 seconds left.

Cambridge was fouled with 15

firefighters.

The recent surplus is attributable to “realistic budgeting, continued strategic cash management, more efficient and robust tax collections, better departmental revenues and attrition savings in salary expenditures,” Morente wrote.

Despite the general fund surplus, Providence’s budget has long-standing challenges — most notably, pension liabilities. In 2016, the National Resource Network, a federal program which advises cities on how to strengthen their economies, recommended that the city of Providence sell or lease a valuable asset to fund this shortfall. The Water Supply Board, which provides water to 600,000 people across Rhode Island, was valued at $404.2 million in 2017.

While Elorza is in favor of leasing the Water Supply Board, he has been consistently opposed to privatization.

In order for Providence to lease it, legislation must first be passed by the Rhode Island General Assembly because a state statute currently prohibits the city from profiting off its water supply.

Legislation to create a regional water board with the authority to lease and sell property was introduced in April 2017 to the Assembly by Rep. Scott Slater D-Providence, but was opposed by House Speaker Nicholas Mattiello D-Cranston, on the grounds

that the regionalization would not be beneficial to ratepayers. The Rhode Island Republican Party critiqued the bill as being designed to bail out Providence with state residents’ water bills.

As Elorza looks toward re-election and the possibility of a second term, he continues to advocate for monetizing the city’s water supply as the most viable solution to the city’s pension debt.

“While the City continues to pursue all options to put Providence on a strong fiscal path moving forward and resolve the long-term pension liabilities for future generations, at this time we believe that monetization of our water system is a viable and sustainable solution,” Morente wrote.

“Providence Water is committed to providing high quality, safe and affordable water to two-thirds of Rhode Island. We will provide support to city and state officials as they analyze the issue of monetizing Providence Water,” wrote Dyana Koelsch, spokesperson for the Water Supply Board, in an email to The Herald.

“This year, we will again be pursuing this at the State House and be submitting legislation that outlines a path forward. We are confident that any transaction will ensure continued access to high quality water at affordable rates,” Morente wrote.

Jorge Elorza, first elected mayor in Nov. 2014, is seeking re-election in 2018.

He continues to support leasing the city water supply to fund pensions.

seconds remaining, but missed both shots at the free-throw line. With five seconds left in the game, Brown still had a chance to force a second overtime with a trey. Hunsaker could not connect on the long shot, and Penn went on to win 95-90.

Anderson chipped in with 18 points along with Hunsaker, who notched 14.

Bruno shot 49 percent from the field and scored 36 points in the paint.

At halftime, the Bears and the Tigers (11-9, 3-2) were tied at 49, as Brown shot 57 percent from the field and Princeton shot 56 percent. Both squads were scorching hot from beyond the arc, as Bruno shot 62 percent to Princeton’s 73 percent.

With four minutes left to play in the second, Devin Cannady hit a three-pointer to extend Princeton’s lead to seven — the Tigers’ largest lead of the day. But merely seconds later, Hunsaker responded with a three of his own to narrow the Princeton advantage to four.

Anderson came in clutch with a layup with just a minute left in the game. The shot put the score at 87-85, bringing Bruno within two points of the Tigers. Just 24 seconds later, Cannady made a jump shot to make it a two score game.

But Cambridge hit an extremely well-defended three-pointer to bring Brown back within one mark of the

Tigers. After Princeton missed a free throw, Cambridge was fouled with five seconds left and made both free throws to tie the game at 90.

Two seconds later, Princeton had the ball in a tied game with a chance for victory, but Cambridge’s heroics were not over. Myles Stephens got the ball at the top of the key and drove inside for a possible game-winning layup, but Cambridge blocked the shot and sent the Bears into their second overtime game of the weekend.

In overtime, neither the Tigers nor the Bears could get an edge. With 58 seconds left, Obi Okolie ’19 grabbed his own rebound and launched a layup to give Brown a two-point lead. But 14 seconds later, a shot by Sebastian Much tied the game at 98.

Then, Stephenson worked his way inside and earned the foul with 15 seconds remaining. He made both free throws to give Princeton a two-point lead.

Brown 102, Princeton 100 (OT) Entering Saturday’s contest, Brown had only won three times on the road against Princeton in program history.

But an offensive surge led by Cambridge was enough to silence the Tigers and their 19-game home winning streak.

The first half once again foreshadowed a close game for the Bears, as the period featured six lead changes. Cambridge was a highlight again, notching 19 points in the first frame.

COURTESY OF WIKIMEDIA COMMONS

Then Cambridge launched a seemingly impossible three-point shot from the top right corner of the arc to give Brown a one-point lead with four seconds remaining. The arcing shot silenced the Princeton crowd and sent the Bears’ bench jumping for joy. Princeton could not get off another shot, and Brown went on to win 102-100. “(The play) didn’t work exactly how I wanted it to,” Cambridge said. “But I was supposed to shoot it, and it went in. I’ve been feeling it all night, the best (feeling) I’ve ever had.”

Cambridge finished the game with 32 points followed by Anderson with 25 points. Brown shot 58 percent from the field and a sterling 62 percent from beyond the arc.

“It’s been a long time since we won here,” Cambridge said. “I really wanted this one, and it just feels so great.”

The Bears will return to the Pizzitola Center to host Cornell Friday and Columbia Saturday.

MEAL PLAN

changes

STEP ONE:

Choose a Meal Plan.

VIEW OPTIONS AT BROWN.EDU/FOOD

REMINDER:

Y THE LAST LDPLAAN

TO MAKE MEA EDNESDAY, CHANGES IS W

FEB. 14!

• You can ADD a new Meal Plan at any time during the year • You can make one CHANGE per semester. The deadline for spring semester changes is Wednesday, Feb. 14.

• Meal Plan CANCELLATIONS are not available during the spring

STEP TWO:

Let us help!

EMAIL DINING_SERVICES@BROWN.EDU OR CALL 863-3343 WITH QUESTIONS

• Changes may be made in person weekdays from 9:00AM to 4:00PM at the main Brown Dining office located at 144 Thayer Street (Sharpe Refectory).

NEWS

PAGE 4 • MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2018

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Bears drop two games to Penn, Princeton at home Bruno struggles with energy, bumps losing streak up to four after tough weekend losses

By RILEY PESTORIUS SENIOR STAFF WRITER

The women’s basketball team (13-6, 1-5 Ivy) continued Ivy League play this weekend, hosting Penn (13-5, 4-1) Friday and Princeton (14-4, 4-1) Saturday. Bruno failed to collect a conference win over the two-day stretch, losing both games.

W. BASKETBALL Penn controlled the first matchup from the tip-off, and that was the story until the game ended 88-55, marking the Bears’ biggest loss of the season.

Brown’s offense, usually high-energy, was uncharacteristically muted. Reliable scorers Shayna Mehta ’19 and Justine Gaziano ’20 were the only two players on the team to score double digits, posting 17 and 13 points apiece.

Each added five rebounds.

As a whole, the team had a difficult shooting night, making just 21 of 66 total field goal attempts.

But Head Coach Sarah Behn saw the biggest difference in her team’s defense.

“We’re not getting as many stops as we need to at the other end,” Behn said. Utilizing fast-paced ball movement that often led to open looks from all over the floor, the Quakers were tough to stop on offense. They converted on 13 of 35 three-point attempts

ELI WHITE / HERALD

The Bears suffered their biggest loss of the season against Penn and could not pick up a conference win over the weekend. Brown is 1-5 in the Ivy League and is ranked at seventh place in the conference standings after this weekend’s results. and scored 38 points in the paint. skills in the post. Tallying 15 points, 15 turnovers. hit to take. We’re just still trying to The next day, the Bears were unable rebounds and three blocks, she proved Just a few weeks prior to the start find our way,” Behn said. to bounce back, losing to Princeton again why she is an impact player for of Ivy League play, Brown lost guard Later next week, Brown will travel 77-62.

Brown. Mehta added 17 points.

Taylor Will ’19 to a season-ending to New York to take on two more Ivy “They worked hard today. I was “I was really pleased with Janie injury. With Will out, Coach Behn has League foes, playing at Cornell Frimuch more pleased with their physical White inside today,” Behn said. been calling on her second unit to fill day Jan. 9 and at Columbia Saturday effort today versus yesterday,” Behn As a whole, the Bears were out the gap, giving various bench players Jan. 10. said. of sync, missing pass attempts and a starting spot in an attempt to find “We’re just going game by game The Tigers’ lead, which was 25 at its struggling to finish at the rim. Once the lineup that will give her team the and trying to get better. We’re on a largest, was cut down to 15 by the end again, their shooting performance was most success. Still, she acknowledges little skid right here, but this conferof the game, partly thanks to forward below average, going 23 for 59 over- the impact Will’s injury has had on ence is really hard and hopefully we Janie White ’18. The physical matchup all. The Tigers clogged passing lanes, the team. can get it together next week and get gave White an opportunity to show her recording 17 points off of Bruno’s 17 “It has been a pretty monumental some wins on the road,” Behn said.

USING ELECTRICITY READINGS BY NICK MONTFORT, ALLISON PARRISH & RAFAEL PÉREZ Y PÉREZ

Using Electricity is a presentation of readings by Nick Montfort, Allison Parrish and Rafael Pérez y Pérez from their computer-generated books. The series title takes a line from the computer generated poem “A House of Dust,” developed by Alison Knowles with James Tenney in 1967, a significant early generator of poetic text, which combines different lines to produce descriptions of houses.

Montfort will read from The Truelist, a work inviting the reader/audience to imagine moving through a strange landscape that seems to arise from the English language itself. By turns propulsive and meditative, Parrish’s Articulations demonstrate an intuitive coherence found outside the bounds of intentional semantic constraints. In Mexica: 20Years– 20 Stories [20 años–20 historias], Pérez y Pérez offers plots that describe fictional situations related to the Mexicas (also known as Aztecs), ancient inhabitants of what today is Mexico City.

Tuesday, 6 February 2018 at 12 noon McCormack Family Theater 70 Brown St., Providence

Sponsored by the Dept of Literary Arts

TODAY

MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2018 • PAGE 5

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

menu

the quiet green

SATELLITE DINING ANDREWS COMMONS

Pizza: Caprese, Chicken Ranch, Pepperoni, Cheese Curry Bar JOSIAH’S

BLUE ROOM

Grilled Cheese

Turkey Chili Grain Bowl

DINING HALLS SHARPE REFECTORY LUNCH

DINNER

Honey Mustard Chicken, Gnocchi with Pesto, Black Rice with Roasted Tofu

Linguica with Peppers and Onions, Vegetable Stuffed Red Pepper, Custard Pie

VERNEY-WOOLLEY LUNCH

DINNER

Chicken Arrabiata Baked Pasta, Maple Root Vegetable Stir Fry, Black Beans Louisiana

Turkey Pork Roast, Ziti Pasta, Salted Caramel Eclair, Swiss Fudge Cookies

sudoku SAM BERUBE / HERALD

As shopping period comes to a close, students seek solace on the Quiet Green. The space is home to some of Brown’s most beautiful structures, including the Van Wickle Gates, University Hall and the Carrie Tower.

Q U O T E O F T H E D AY

“Figuring out how much music is worth is a contentious business.”

— Associate Professor of Music Marc Perlman R

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9 Rural area 10 “Heeeere’s __!”: Carson intro 11 Grab __: eat 12 One beyond hope 13 Shabby 19 Give a hoot 24 20-Across serving 25 Shoppe adjective 26 Get-out-of-jail cash 27 Earthenware pot 28 Out of control 29 IM chuckle 32 __ Squad: Best Buy tech support 33 Fairy tale baddie 34 Gravy vessel

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Physics Colloquium 4:00 P.M Barus and Holley, 166

Snow Day 4:00 P.M. King House

Whiteness in Time of Trump 5:00 P.M. IBES 130

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Workshop: 3D Modelling 101 12:00 P.M. Granoff Center, N320

Reimagining Gershwin 12:00 P.M. Nightingale-Brown House

Meiklejohn Information Session 7:00 P.M. The Underground

Telescope Observing Night 7:00 P.M. Ladd Observatory

COMMENTARY PAGE 6 • MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2018

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

U. committed to grad student welfare To the Editor: I write regarding the article of Feb. 2, 2018, “SUGSE fears University stalling talks on grad student unionization,” and to respond to and correct some of the points made in the article.

Since the National Labor Relations Board ruled in August 2016 that graduate students at private colleges and universities who serve as teaching or research assistants are employees with the right to decide whether or not to unionize, the University has been consistent in stating that we would honor the NLRB’s decision. We have remained dedicated to providing a campus environment that fosters open and productive dialogue about graduate education and the potential role and implications of unionization. This is an important decision for graduate students to make, and we want them to be fully informed, guided by factual information and free of intimidation from any and all parties.

We have worked hard to build community here at Brown, and this is our priority. We have seen other campuses polarized by the prospect of unionization, and are deliberate in crafting a different experience for Brown. Regardless of whether or not graduate students at Brown decide to unionize, the University remains committed to the well-being of our students and the strength of our community.

It was in this spirit that, last fall, I reached out to representatives from Stand Up for Graduate Student Employees to explore ways that, together, we could provide a climate that would promote constructive and balanced dialogue on the topic of graduate education and graduate student unionization. I’m grateful that over the course of the fall semester we were able to meet on a number of occasions to make clear our priorities and to explore shared values and areas of agreement that could contribute to an understanding of how we may conduct ourselves prior to and during an election. In December, as our discussions moved to consideration of preparing a written document to memorialize points on which we agreed and to identify

areas of disagreement to discuss, the American Federation of Teachers’ general counsel and Brown’s outside counsel advised that they would take the next step and develop a draft. It is important to note that we chose Proksauer Rose as outside counsel specifically because they had experience as counsel to another institution that involved working with the AFT in developing a pre-election agreement.

It is not unusual for the pace to slow when multiple parties — including outside counsel — are involved. A preliminary document drafted by the AFT did not adequately reflect the principles that I discussed with SUGSE representatives in the fall. I have pressed for another version to be developed quickly so that we could move the process forward, but there was never a specific deadline established for reaching an agreement. In fact, there will be additional steps needed before a pre-election agreement can be accepted. While SUGSE has had a central role in these discussions, the University has an obligation to all graduate students. Throughout our conversations, I have emphasized that any agreement with AFT/SUGSE would require consultation with the Graduate Student Council and others as the University seeks to act in the best interests of all graduate students.

It remains my belief and desire that we can demonstrate on our campus the capacity to reach agreement about the values and conditions that guide a fair, open, organized and transparent election process. However, it is important to note that a pre-election agreement is not necessary for an election to take place, and should not affect any plans by graduate students to pursue the steps necessary toward filing a petition. The University remains committed to the principles we have articulated since the very beginning of this process, and we will continue to work for them, whether or not a formal agreement is reached.

Richard M. Locke P’18 Provost

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COMMENTARY MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2018 • PAGE 7

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Writing courses for all SAMANTHA SAVALLO staff columnist Imagine walking into a classroom full of 50 people vying for a spot in a 17-person class. Students are sitting on the floor, propped up on windowsills and even standing. The professor eventually comes in and tries to make their way through the crowd, calling the names of students who are registered. You know, those who clicked the fastest during registration. The professor then informs the rest of the students that they can submit a writing sample to get on the waitlist, which has one available spot, maybe two. At this point, the process of getting into the class has quickly become one of cutthroat competition, full of anxiety, self-consciousness and, for the vast majority, disappointment. In one section of ENGL 0930: “Introduction to Creative Nonfiction” this semester, 70 people showed up for the first day of a class capped at 17, according to attendance statistics pulled together by the department to track this very problem.

Does all of this sound daunting and stressful? Of course it does. Unfortunately, this is the harsh reality for many students trying to get into capped writing courses, especially those in the English Nonfiction Writing Program or Literary Arts Department, among others in the hu-

manities. But why does getting into a writing course have to feel like the academic equivalent of the Hunger Games?

Brown’s inability to meet student demand in the Nonfiction Writing Program and Lit Arts Department, particularly for introductory courses, has been an issue for years, and it’s one that comes with extreme consequences. First and foremost, it prevents students from trying their hand at introductory writing courses like LITR 0110A: “Fiction I” or ENGL 0930: “Introduction to Creative Nonfiction,” undermining the very essence of the “open curriculum.” In turn, this

given the academic demands we all face, is an unrealistic expectation.

Another issue is the competitive process of getting into the class.

When students are judged based on writing samples to get into courses — especially introductory ones — it can create feelings of personal failure or cause them to doubt their abilities if they end up low on the list, discouraging them from future writing courses. Even when professors use a lottery-based system instead, the image of the overfilled classroom can be enough to turn all but the most committed students away — the opposite of the inclusive atmosphere

ment Brown has, and they consistently claim that they want students to leave Brown having improved their writing skills. While there are WRIT courses across many departments, the unique workshop style offered by these departments creates an exchange of feedback that makes students better and more critical writers and readers, accomplishing one of the goals laid out in “Liberal Learning at Brown.”

If it wants to stay true to its mission statement, the University should take action and give more attention to these departments, which are inadequately funded with respect to

For a school that prides itself on its diverse liberal arts education, Brown certainly is not improving the situation to give its students better access to Nonfiction Writing and Lit Arts courses. inability to get into the introductory classes then creates a snowball effect by further barring students from taking upper-level classes in these departments. And for interested concentrators, this lack of access can be enough to deter them from these concentrations completely.

As a result of this, I know of students who have switched out of the Literary Arts concentration because of the scarcity of available classes, and of students who gave up on nonfiction writing because of the daunting waitlists. I personally had to wait three semesters to get into Introduction to Creative Nonfiction, which,

that introductory classes should be fostering. The restrictiveness of the introductory courses makes it difficult for non-concentrators to explore new ways to improve their writing in a collaborative environment — skills that will transfer into other aspects of their education.

For a school that prides itself on its diverse liberal arts education, Brown certainly is not improving the situation to give its students better access to Nonfiction Writing and Lit Arts courses. Its inability to respond is just as hypocritical as it is concerning. After all, the writing requirement is literally the only academic require-

demand. The first step should be to create more sections of the courses, which would likely require hiring more professors. Obviously, this is an expensive endeavor, but the benefits largely outweigh the costs. More sections would mean that more of these interested students would be able to enroll instead of being discouraged from courses and departments. Increased availability would also help to boost the number of students concentrating in these departments, which have decreased (English) and remained relatively stagnant (Lit Arts) over the past decade.

Another possible solution, per-

haps more cost-effective, would be to make better use of graduate students, some of whom are authorized to teach writing courses. And if expanding the faculty is absolutely financially impossible, the University should at least consider ironing out its waitlist process. Instead of letting students in based on who clicked first, Brown should create a lottery system for these high-demand introductory classes and clarify the writing sample evaluation process so that it is not quite as ambiguous or subjective by laying out more specific guidelines.

Those on the waitlist who did not get in should also be given priority during the following semester, which will help reward students for their interest and persistence.

At the end of the day, Brown needs to think about the consequences of disregarding the supply-and-demand issue that the Lit Arts Department and Nonfiction Writing Program face. While students veer away from the humanities on a national level, those who choose to pursue an education in these fields or try out the courses should be met with open arms, not turned away or stuck on a 30-person waitlist.

Samantha Savallo ’18 can be reached at samantha_savello@ brown.edu. Please send responses to this opinion to letters@browndailyherald.com and other op-eds to opinions@ browndailyherald.com.

Marching toward a better movement MAYA FITZPATRICK op-ed contributor Last week, thousands gathered on the Smithsonian Mall for the second Women’s March on Washington, commemorating the one-year anniversary of both Trump’s presidency and the record-breaking day of protest that followed.

Some pulled out their bright pink “Pussyhats” for the occasion, while others wore their statement “The Future is Female” or “Nasty Women Unite” tees. Most carried homemade signs displaying powerful messages and some masterful puns: “Tweet Women with Respect.”

“Vulva la Resistencia.”

“OMG. GOP. WTF.” Gathering on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, marching down Pennsylvania Avenue and demonstrating outside of the White House, this army of protesters came out to have its voice heard and demands met. I showed up with a sign of my own, my mom and a deep desire to do something.

It’s been a long year. A long year of watching a man who has been accused of sexual assault by 19 women sit in the Oval Office and perform the duties of the president. A long year challenging the White House’s discriminatory and destructive policies threatening our country’s most vulnerable.

But it has also been a year of empowerment — a year of speaking out.

The past few months have marked a true watershed moment in our society, as countless brave women have stepped forward to share their deeply personal and painful experiences of

sexual assault and harassment. The #MeToo and Time’s Up movements have shaken our country to its core, as survivors have joined together, forming a beautiful chorus of voices demanding change and commanding respect.

As a 19-year-old, this is the first time I feel like part of a historic social movement. Sixty years ago, my grandparents stood on the Lincoln Memorial steps watching Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. deliver his “I Have a Dream” speech. Thirty years ago my parents protested South African apartheid on Embassy Row. And last week, I was happy to be following in their

get some pictures for their Instagram. In other words, they argue that the protests are inauthentic and ineffective.

I recognize the validity of these arguments.

I, like many others, was taken aback by the lack of diversity at the 2017 Women’s March. And though over the past year the Women’s March has worked hard to respond to its critics (appointing more women of color to its leadership and, as co-chair Tamika Mallory noted in USA Today, making “transgender inclusion a priority”), the Women’s March remains far from perfect. Just this fall, when the march’s leader-

Pointing out flaws and teaching march organizers and marchers alike about how feminism must be intersectional is the only way to ensure that the Women’s Marches continue to hold the power that they do. footsteps.

With this in mind, the idea of participating in this year’s Women’s March seemed important, necessary and cathartic.

However, the Women’s Marches have not gone without controversy, and the criticisms that many have made against them are important and deserve consideration. Critics argue that the marches lack diversity — are unrepresentative of those who are most acutely affected by our country’s current government. Others believe the nationwide protests are becoming too “mainstream” and that many of those who are coming to the marches are doing so out of convenience — showing up one day out of the year to check a box, soothe their conscience and

ship appointed Bernie Sanders as the headlining speaker for its women’s convention, people were outraged. (Why not get a woman for the women’s convention? Just an idea.)

Ultimately, the Women’s March’s shortcomings need to be addressed through awareness and education. Pointing out flaws and teaching march organizers and marchers alike about how feminism must be intersectional is the only way to ensure that the Women’s Marches continue to hold the power that they do. If the Women’s March continues to fail to proactively incorporate the opinions and needs of all women, across boundaries of race, class, sexuality and gender expression, they will let down a generation of women. At the end of the day, we shouldn’t give

up on the marches, because despite their shortcomings, the strengths and importance of the Women’s Marches cannot be overlooked. The answer isn’t to stop marching. The answer is to listen, to educate and to improve.

At the march this year, after reading a few articles critiquing the protests, I came in a bit skeptical. But when I arrived, I was overwhelmed by an energy which I hadn’t felt since last January — an atmosphere of hope, unity and solidarity.

The Smithsonian Mall was transformed into an empowering sea of knowing smiles, supportive nods and friendly waves. Walking around the reflection pool, holding my mom’s hand and waving my sign high, I felt like a part of something important. And, all around me, I saw women and men from a variety of backgrounds, joining together with a common purpose. This isn’t a sight you see every day.

I was reassured of the need for the Women’s March to continue throughout the era of President Trump, not just to accomplish policy goals, but to build solidarity amongst all those affected by the rhetoric and actions of the Trump administration. At its best, the Women’s March can inspire women of all backgrounds — instilling them with a confidence which, in a society that is constantly tearing girls down, is hard to come by.

Maya Fitzpatrick ’20 definitely did not post about the Women’s March on Instagram and can be reached at maya_gonzales_fitzpatrick@brown.edu. Please send responses to this opinion to letters@browndailyherald.com and other op-eds to opinions@browndailyherald. com.

NEWS THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2018

Women’s tennis defeats UMass-Amherst 5-2 at home Victory boosts confidence, team morale in preparation for ECAC tournament

By TESS DEMEYER SENIOR STAFF WRITER

Tensions mounted Friday as the women’s tennis team persevered through multiple tie-breaks and close doubles matches to defeat the University of Massachusetts at Amherst 5-2. The competition brought a familiar face — the current UMass (2-2) head coach Juancarlos “JC” Nunez, a former Brown assistant — back to the Pizzitola Center courts.

W. TENNIS Bruno (2-2) kept its cool and came away with the victory.

“During practice we really focused on preparing intensely, really making sure that we were ready to compete hard and leave all of the emotional components to the side,” said Juliana Simon ’20.

The Bears demonstrated that laser focus during the opening matches as second and third doubles came from behind to put Brown up 1-0. After Head Coach Paul Wardlaw made changes to the lineup last week, Alyza Benotto ’18 and Semi Oloko ’21 worked together to pull off a 6-4 win while Maddie Stearns ’18 and Taylor Cosme ’19 claimed the doubles point with a 6-4 victory.

“Everyone was super positive,” Cosme said. “In the doubles play, the

COURTESY OF BROWN ATHLETICS

Brown powered to victory against UMass-Amherst to place the team in prime position going into the Eastern College Athletic Conference Championship next weekend. The victory was highlighted by a clutch performance by Maddie Stearns ’18. energy was amazing because we knew in first singles swung the momentum everyone is riled up, it really makes a Cosme credited the team’s success we could win the doubles point. That back in Bruno’s favor as Simon then huge difference for team morale and and effective preparation to Wardlaw really set a precedent for how everyone clinched the overall match with a fifth how we compete in general.” and the addition of first-year assistant was going to play singles.” singles win, and Courtney Kowalsky The victory over the Minutewomen coach Lucie Schmidhauser. After the Bruno carried that optimistic ener- ’21 added another point by downing puts the Bears in prime position as they ECAC tournament, the Bears will turn gy into its individual matches. Cosme her opponent in the sixth spot to hit prepare for the Eastern College Athletic their attention to Ivy League opponents. put the Bears up 2-0 after a 6-3, 6-2 the 5-2 final score.

Conference Championship Feb. 9.

“All across the board, we’re conwin in fourth singles, but the Minute“Our engagement as a team has “It was a good match for us at the sistently just playing smarter points women notched a victory in second really improved,” Simon said. “Every- start of our season to prepare us for and really competing well,” Simon said. singles to cut Brown’s advantage to one on the team is super engaged and what’s to come, especially since we have “We’ve done a good job of raising our one point. cheering for all the matches, which the ECAC tournament coming up next intensity, focusing from point to point A clutch 7-5, 6-2 victory by Stearns really translates onto the court. Once weekend,” Simon said. and really fighting for every point.”

Bears edged by UConn in back-and-forth battle decided by special teams Giuttari ’20, Gottlieb ’19, Marchin ’19 each record multiple points in nonconference duel at home

By ALEXANDRA RUSSELL SPORTS EDITOR

Following mixed results on the road last weekend, the men’s hockey team was slighted by the University of Connecticut 6-4 in a close contest at Meehan Auditorium Saturday.

M. HOCKEY Zach Giuttari ’20, Max Gottlieb ’19 and Tommy Marchin ’19 led the Bears’ offensive efforts in the loss. The Bears (6-13-4, 5-10-1 ECAC) went 2-for-5 on the power play, converting twice on a five-minute major in the first period.

The Huskies (13-16-2, 9-11-1 Hockey East) opened scoring midway through the first stanza, but Bruno answered a minute and a half later when Marchin sent a one-timer past UConn goaltender Tanner Creel on the power play. Sam Lafferty ’18 sent a pass through the slot to Marchin, who was waiting at the right post to knock in the equalizer.

UConn posted a shorthanded goal on the same penalty two minutes later, before Gottlieb evened the tally again on the power play. Gottlieb collected a pass from Giuttari and fired a shot top shelf from in front of the blue line to keep the Bears on the Huskies’ heels.

“We’ve been working on the power play a lot,” said Head Coach Brendan Whittet ’94. “(In) the last three games

I think we’ve done a really good job in terms of getting pucks to the net, better puck movement, better support and making sure we’re intense on loose pucks.”

“Getting a power play at the beginning of the game is always good — it’s a good way to get momentum,” Giuttari said. “It was great that we scored two goals on it, but we also let up one shorthanded goal on it too, so it was kind of a give and take.”

UConn took advantage of a pair of Brown penalties later in the first period, converting on a 5-on-3 power play to send the Bears into the locker room at a one-goal deficit.

The game continued to go back and forth as Giuttari capitalized on a turnover and launched a shot past Creel to level the score nine minutes into the second frame. Tyler Bird ’18 answered another UConn goal early in the final period, tapping in a shot taken

by Gottlieb from the point.

The Huskies scored on a power play midway through the stanza before adding an empty net goal in the final minute when Brown pulled goaltender Luke Kania ’21 for an extra skater.

Kania made 28 saves as the Bears were outshot by UConn 34-31.

Brown’s penalty kill went 3-for-5, conceding two goals to the Huskies’ power play. The team’s overall success rate on the kill sits at 80 percent.

“We’ve got to do a better job of clears (on the penalty kill) … knowing when to be aggressive versus when to be passive,” Whittet said. “Sometimes we’re so passive that we give them the wrong time in the zone and that’s

COURTESY OF BROWN ATHLETICS

Max Gottlieb ’19 handles the puck. Gottlieb posted a goal and two assists in Saturday’s contest against UConn.

The Bears have three weekends of conference play remaining before the ECAC playoffs begin March 2. ultimately going to lead to our guys getting tired, and major opportunities for the opposition’s power play.”

Bruno is currently seated in tenth place in the ECAC standings and hopes to gain home-ice advantage in the first round of the playoffs, which begin March 2. Home ice is granted to the higher seed in each pair of teams.

In preparation, Whittet stressed the importance of maintaining intensity and focus in the coming weeks.

“We have to find a way to come out and play really intense, basically

playoff, hockey,” Whittet said. “We want to be at home in the first round and I think it’s a realistic goal. I think it’s a goal that our guys should be striving for.”

The Bears also look to increase their time in the offensive zone and relieve pressure on their defense.

“We have to work on our breakouts — we had a tough time breaking the puck out today,” Giuttari said. “The more we break it out and the more we play in the offensive zone,” it becomes “easier on our team, our goalie and

our defense.”

Bruno remains poised and maintains a day-by-day approach in the lead-up to its final six games of the regular season, four of which will be played at home.

“Every game’s important,” Giuttari said. “We’re ready to take them on.

Each game is its own individual battle, so we’ll play it by ear.”

The Bears will resume ECAC play this weekend, hosting Princeton Friday and Quinnipiac University Saturday at Meehan Auditorium.