Friday, September 8, 2017

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THE BROWN DAILY HERALD FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017

VOLUME CLII, ISSUE 61

WWW.BROWNDAILYHERALD.COM

City Council approves bike lane study, removal of Confederate flags

LIORA MORHAYIM / HERALD

Members of biking groups around Providence argued against Councilman Luis Aponte’s proposal to conduct a traffic and economic impact study of the city’s bike lanes. They argued that the study could stall progress on adding bike lanes to the streets. Aponte said that bike lanes might reduce parking spots and detract from local business.

Members of the RI Bicycle Coalition argue study would stall addition of bike lanes in Providence

By LIORA MORHAYIM SENIOR STAFF WRITER

At Thursday’s Providence City Council meeting, the city passed resolutions

calling for a study of bike lanes as well as the removal of Confederate flags and monuments from public property.

Providence’s decision follows similar resolutions passed in other U.S. cities in the wake of violence in Charlottesville over similar monuments this summer.

Councilman David Salvatore, who introduced the monument resolution, said that it would take a position on racism on the right side of history. Many

council members thanked Salvatore for raising the issue. Councilman Luis Aponte expressed shock at the events in Charlottesville and noted the importance of removing these symbols, opening up a dialogue and learning from history. The resolution passed unanimously.

After a heated debate, the council also approved a resolution that would require Providence to conduct a full

Bruno falls to Providence 3-1 Three first-half goals for Friars down Bears as White ’21 scores lone goal in second half

By TESS DEMEYER

INSIDE

By EMILY DAVIES SENIOR STAFF WRITER

ELI WHITE / HERALD

Rookie Cameron Brown ‘21 controls the ball against Providence College.

The womens soccer team fell 3-1 in the evening match. multiple Brown players including midfielder Jennifer Caruso ’19. But Providence controlled the game on offense, outshooting the Bears eight to six and netting three goals in the

half. Co-captain and 2016 Ivy League Defensive Player of the Year Christine Etzel ’19 made a clutch save at 37:56, stopping the Friars from going up by » See W. SOCCER, page 3

consequences if the city does not first engage property owners or small businesses in neighborhoods or commercial corridors. He said that constructing bike lanes may cause businesses to lose parking spaces, potentially resulting in customer losses for businesses. “They’ve said to me, “If I lose another parking spot, I might as well shut my company,’” Aponte said. » See COUNCIL, page 4

1vyG grows into national advocacy organization New umbrella group EdMobilizer brings first-gen, low-income conference to Stanford

SENIOR STAFF WRITER

Following an overtime loss to Vermont Saturday, the women’s soccer team returned home to StevensonPincince Field to play its crosstown foe Providence College. While Brown (3-2) leads the overall series 20-9-0, PC (2-4) has dominated as of late. In their 29th matchup, PC emerged victorious for the fifth straight year, leading for the entirety of the game with a 3-1 win.

Star White ’21 prevented the shutout by scoring her second goal of the season on an empty net in the second half, but the Bears weren’t able to capitalize on their late offensive surge.

“I’m excited that I was able to score but disappointed that it was at the end of the game because we didn’t have as much time to go off the momentum,” said White.

Prior to White’s tally, the opening half was highlighted by shots from

traffic and economic impact study of its bike lanes. The resolution, proposed

by Aponte, requests that the City Traffic Engineer, Director of the Department of Public Works and the Parking Administration conduct the study and make it available for public comment prior to deciding whether to construct new bike lanes.

Aponte argued that the addition of bike lanes could produce unintended

The first-generation and low-income conference 1vyG announced Thursday its expansion into a new organization, EdMobilizer, which will work toward policy-driven initiatives and continue to organize the annual conference.

The advocacy organization hopes to produce concrete policy reforms that benefit low-income and/or firstgeneration college students nationwide, according to the EdMobilizer website.

As one of its first actions, EdMobilizer will partner with Stanford University’s First-Generation and/ or Low-Income Partnership as well as its Diversity and First-Generation Office to launch 1vyG’s first West Coast conference. The event will be held at Stanford University in Palo Alto, Calif.

March 2-4, 2018.

“There is a higher immigrant population in California, so I’m really excited to focus on undocumented and DACA students,” said EdMobilizer Co-Founder Viet Nguyen ’17.

“Now more than ever, it is important to see how we can use our coalition to create effective change.”

Brown alums Jessica Brown ’16, Manuel Contreras ’16 and Stanley Stewart ’16 founded the 1vyG conference in 2014 through the Swearer Center’s Social Innovation Fellowship.

The event features speaker series and social events for approximately 500 first-generation and low-income students across colleges and universities nationwide.

“The conference is about just getting together and talking about how we feel being first-gen students in higher education and particularly in elite institutions like Brown,” said Joseph Vukel, director of strategic initiatives for EdMobilizer. A particular conversation with another student from Cornell sticks out in » See 1VYG, page 4

WEATHER

FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017

SPORTS COMMENTARY Klein ’20: Patriots appear nearly unstoppable, Cooks could be team’s best receiver in years

SPORTS COMMENTARY Blasberg ’18: Impressive pitching staff gives injury-riddled Red Sox postseason hope

COMMENTARY Burt ’19: Community nonprofit work should not avoid activism, political stances

COMMENTARY Steinman ’19: Monuments should provoke reflection, inform our view of future

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COMMENTARY PAGE 2 • FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Can anyone dethrone the New England Patriots?

GEORGE KLEIN sports columnist The New England Patriots are expected to dominate this NFL season. The team had the best Vegas odds, 6-1, to win the Super Bowl as of Monday, and many pundits give New England an even better shot than that. Though the Pats recently lost wide receiver Julian Edelman for the season to an ACL tear, the team is still an intimidating force after a few key offseason additions. The acquisition of wide receiver Brandin Cooks via a trade with the New Orleans Saints stands out especially. Cooks accumulated 1,173 yards and eight touchdowns last season and should see an improvement in both figures with Belichick and Brady relying on him as an important part of New England’s offense. Cooks could become the Patriots’ best receiver in several years.

While it goes without saying that New England will dominate the AFC East on the way to the playoffs — unfortunately so for this sad New York Jets fan — the question remains whether any team can stop the Pats from yet another Super Bowl win. After all, talk of a 19-0 season has already popped up. The following teams are the best hope for the rest of the coun-

try to avoid another New England celebration.

The Atlanta Falcons were only a few minutes away from winning the Super Bowl before their collapse. Up 28-3 at one point in the second half, the Falcons choked throughout the fourth quarter before losing in overtime. Atlanta’s blueprint for this season is similar to last year. Matt Ryan and Julio Jones need to overpower the Pats’ defense for the Falcons to win, along with a solid running game from Devonta Freeman. The Falcons almost won the Super Bowl without incredible performances from those three: Ryan threw for 284 yards and two touchdowns, Jones compiled 87 yards and Freeman went for 75 yards and a touchdown.

Better games from them could put the Falcons over the top. A more balanced defense would work wonders as well.

Atlanta felt pressured to score a lot last year to make up for the defensive side of the game, forcing themselves into offensive mistakes during the Super Bowl.

Of course, it remains to be seen whether Atlanta can emotionally come back from the Super Bowl letdown. To come so close to a championship only to watch it slip away is brutally painful.

The first couple weeks of the regular season will be telling in regards to the Falcons’ mental response.

The Green Bay Packers are tied for the fourth best Vegas odds at 12-1 for

one reason alone: Aaron Rodgers. Any team that has the best quarterback in the world on its roster has a chance to win it all. The NFL playoffs, with their do-or-die format, are ripe for surprise postseason runs from teams that get hot at the right moments. Rodgers has done it before: he led the Packers to a 2011 Super Bowl Championship, winning the most valuable player award in the big game. The 33-year-old is still at the peak of his powers. Last season’s performance was one of his best yet with 4,428 passing yards, 40 passing touchdowns, only seven interceptions and two playoff wins, including a dramatic victory over the favored Dallas Cowboys.

But the other players around Rodgers will need to step up for the Packers to win this season’s Super Bowl. At the end of the day, one player can only do so much, an issue that surfaced when the Falcons demolished the Packers 44-21 in the NFC Championship. If running back Ty Montgomery can take his game to the next level, he could become a huge part of this Packers team.

Suddenly, defenses would have more to look out for than just Rodgers, Jordy Nelson and new tight end Martellus Bennett. Green Bay’s defense needs to improve as well — they allowed the 11th most yards in the NFL last season.

The Seattle Seahawks are another team that almost beat the Patriots in the Super Bowl before losing

DAPHNE ZHAO / HERALD

in devastating fashion. The Seahawks are stacked with their usual suspects.

Quarterback Russell Wilson is right in his prime. Cornerback Richard Sherman, and safeties Kam Chancellor and Earl Thomas are ready to lead Seattle’s fearsome defense once again. And defensive tackle Sheldon Richardson, acquired in a trade with the Jets, can bring another boost to the Seahawks’ defensive line. But he needs to bounce back from a couple of poor seasons in New York and play up to his potential without being a divisive force in the locker room.

Seattle has fallen short during the playoffs in the past couple of seasons, letting opposing offenses dominate. In back-to-back years, Cam Newton and Matt Ryan overwhelmed the Seahawks

in the first half. The Seahawks will need to show up ready to play from the beginning if they want to take down the Patriots.

The Pittsburgh Steelers, Dallas Cowboys and Oakland Raiders also have a chance to defeat New England.

But that chance is tiny. The Patriots are the favorites for good reason, and it seems more than likely that New England’s powerful offense and stingy defense will run roughshod over the rest of the National Football League.

Belichick, Brady and company are on track to win their third Super Bowl in four years.

George Klein ’20 can be reached at george_klein@brown.edu.

How long can these Red Sox last in October?

CHARLIE BLASBERG sports columnist From the beginning of spring training, the 2017 Red Sox have had realistic playoff expectations. The offseason acquisition of ace pitcher Chris Sale solidified the Red Sox as a premier World Series contender before the season even started. Though they boast a 7961 record — ­ good enough for first in the American League East — the Red Sox have had a season riddled with injury, inconsistency and immaturity, raising serious questions about how far they can make it in the postseason.

The Red Sox pitching staff has ris-

en to the occasion all season and will be the engine behind the team come October. The biggest key to winning in the postseason is pitching, and that is something the Red Sox have in spades, though not in the form many would have expected. The rotation doesn’t look how it was drawn up in April, but has still managed 79 quality starts, the second most in baseball, and a solid team Earned Run Average of 3.73, which ranks fourth in the Major League Baseball. Buoyed by Cy Young favorite Chris Sale and shutdown closer Craig Kimbrel, the rest of the pitching staff has followed suit. Despite injuries to David Price and Stephen Wright, the starting rotation has managed remarkably well, with Doug Fister and Drew Pomeranz assuming ma-

jor roles. Fister has not yielded more than two runs in his last four starts while Pomeranz has been remarkable since mid-May. The bullpen is also a huge asset, evidenced by the 13 scoreless innings posted in Tuesday’s extra-inning marathon against the Blue Jays. It is rife with hard throwers like Joe Kelly and Matt Barnes and equipped with effective lefties Addison Reed and Robbie Scott. The Sox’ stingy bullpen and the advantageous match ups it offers will be instrumental come October, when runs are at a premium and high-leverage, late-game situations come around more often.

While Mookie Betts, Xander Bogaerts and Hanley Ramirez have been struggling offensively this season, the

NEW COURSE offered by the Department of Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences

pitching staff has been able to keep games within striking distance down the stretch. This has given the team the ability to come back from early deficits as well as walk off ten times this season. The Red Sox have a remarkable 13-3 record in extra-inning games, and much of the credit goes to the pitching staff — especially the bullpen ­— for keeping the team in the game long enough for the offense to come up with game-winning runs.

John Farrell has been heavily criticized for mismanaging the pitching staff over the last two seasons, but he has improved these efforts by defining clear roles in the bullpen and not overusing starters. His refined management style will suit the Red Sox well in October. Last postseason’s series between the Red Sox and Indians showed how Terry Francona’s effective use of Andrew Miller — ­­ the Indians’ best reliever ­— was able to squash late inning

threats from the Red Sox. Likewise, if Farrell uses pieces like Kelly, Reed and Kimbrel strategically, the Red Sox will be well suited to hold leads in meaningful games.

There is much uncertainty surrounding these Red Sox, but the pitching has been consistent and effective. Despite scandal, controversy and under-performing offensive pieces, the team has still managed to secure breathing room from the second-place Yankees. The Red Sox have many tools in their pitching arsenal for September and October; it will be up to John Farrell to decide whom to use at which points, as those moves will have important repercussions for the 2017 Red Sox’ playoff chances.

Charlie Blasberg ’18 can be reached at charles_blasberg@brown.edu.

CLPS 0010 - Mind, Brain and Behavior: An Interdisciplinary Approach MWF 1-1:50, Metcalf Auditorium FIRST-YEARS WELCOME FULFILLS PSYCHOLOGY PRE-MED REQUIREMENT This course will provide an interdisciplinary approach to the science of the mind through the lens of psychology, cognitive science, cognitive neuroscience, behavioral neuroscience, computational modeling and linguistics, as uniquely represented by our department. It will focus on questions that drive the field, current state-of-the-art, and successful techniques and approaches. Questions addressed will include: What is the nature of the human mind? How do we get input from the world? How do we communicate? How do we change as infants and adults through experience? How do we make decisions and judgments? How do minds meet other minds in a social world?

CATHERINE HABGOOD / HERALD

NEWS

FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017 • PAGE 3

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

» W. SOCCER , from page 1 four before halftime. Abby Carchio ’20 made the Bears’ final offensive effort in the first half in the 39th minute of play but was blocked by Providence’s Shelby Hogan.

Brown came out strong in the second half, outshooting PC 10 to four and putting pressure on the Friars in the midfield. Etzel also recorded 4 more saves. But this effort was not enough for the Bears to overcome the two-goal deficit, with the score reading 3-1 as the final buzzer sounded.

“Every year, this game is a battle,” Head Coach Kia McNeill said. “I thought the game itself was better than the score indicated. It was the tale of two halves. They had the better run of the game in the first half, and we had the better run in the second half.

It just comes down to finishing your opportunities.”

Coach McNeill also suggested potential formation changes for the upcoming games. “We have a lot of dangerous players in the attacking third.

I think playing a little bit more of an offensive formation will help that. …

Despite the loss, I’m really proud of our team. We were resilient in the second half. We could have hung our heads and dipped out of this game, but we didn’t. We kept fighting back.”

The Bears will continue their season

Sunday hosting Lafayette College.

Bruno’s first Ivy League contest will fall against Dartmouth September 24.

“These games are really trying to get us primed and ready for Ivy League play,” McNeill said. “We’re trying to get

better and better every game and to put the pieces of the puzzle together to make sure that we have the best formation going forward into our first game against Dartmouth. We want to peak at the right time.”

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NEWS

PAGE 4 • FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017

» COUNCIL, from page 1 Councilman Seth Yurdin opposed the resolution, noting the cost and redundancy of an economic impact study.

He said the study would pose a barrier to design, and the number of steps

involved in the study would stall the process of adding bike lanes. Yurdin also noted that bike lanes fix a public safety problem and urged the city to put its citizens first.

Councilwoman Mary Kay Harris supported the resolution, arguing that

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD the city needs the opportunity to understand the issue and engage everyone.

Councilman John Igliozzi echoed her concerns. “Why is this so difficult to make sure committees are engaged?

Why is this such a bad thing?”

Members of the Rhode Island Bicycle

Coalition also attended the meeting, strongly opposing the biking resolution.

Melissa Jenkins, a Brown professor and a member of the RI Bicycle Coalition, said that conducting impact studies for each proposed bike lane is not a standard procedure, but rather creates unnecessary

hurdles to building bike lanes.

“The resolution may have passed today, but Mayor (Jorge) Elorza is likely to veto it — he is very bike-friendly,” Jenkins added. She said that the group would continue to fight for the city’s bike lanes.

LITERARY ARTS COURSES, FALL 2017 For First Year Seminars: LITR 0100 workshops (Introduction to Fiction, Introduction to Poetry) and LITR 0510 and 0710 seminars: spaces were filled by the Dean of the Collegeʼs office. No wait lists are created before the first class meeting; attend the first class to see if space has become available. These courses are open to First Year undergraduate students.

For LITR 0110 workshops (Fiction I, Poetry I, Digital Language Art I, Screenwriting I): spaces were filled during the registration period. No wait lists are created before the first class meeting; attend the first class to see if space has become available.

For LITR 0210 (Fiction II, Poetry II), LITR 1010 (Advanced Fiction, Advanced Poetry, Writing 3D, Advanced Screenwriting) & LITR 0310 & 1110 (Special Topics) workshops: writing samples are due in the front hallway of the Literary Arts Building, 68.5 Brown Street, between 10 am and 4 pm on Wednesday, 6 September.

Most sections may accept samples through early afternoon, Friday, 8 September.

For LITR 1150/1151 workshop/seminars: attend the first class session; bring a writing sample with you.

For LITR 1200, 1230/1231 & 2110 literature courses: register through Banner during the registration period; and/or attend the first class.

For details, see our web site: https://www.brown.edu/cw

Join the Herald’s business team!

The Brown Daily Herald’s Business Team is looking for motivated, hard-working underclassmen to join our team. The BDH is a financially-independent newspaper with a $150k operating budget, so we rely on our staffers to keep running.

No specific experience is necessary to apply; rather, we look for dedicated, enthusiastic students with an interest in business. We are recruiting this semester in each of our three departments: Sales, Finance, and Strategy.

Sales Team: The Sales Team is responsible for generating advertising sales, which is our principal source of revenue. Ideal staffers are networkers comfortable with self-directed work and cold outreach.

Finance Team: The Finance Team is responsible for the Herald’s financial accounting and payment collection. Analytically-inclinded staffers with high attention to detail are best suited for this role.

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Interested? Contact us at gm@browndailyherald.com for an application.

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COURTESY OF JOSEPH VUKEL

1vyG, an annual conference pictured above, will expand into EdMobilizer, an organization that plans to tackle more policy reforms.

» 1VYG, from page 1 his memory. “It wasn’t necessarily the content of the conversation itself, but this solidarity and unity that I felt from it.”

EdMobilizer hopes to bolster its growth with the coalition built by 1vyG. One of its first efforts will be to expand initiatives such as #NoApologies, which pushed the University to drop the application fee for low-income college applicants last semester,

Nguyen said. The organization also hopes to create an online database of resources for low-income and firstgeneration student groups. Nguyen said the website should eventually be able to guide students through starting their own projects like the free textbook lending libraries launched by both Brown and Columbia student groups.

EdMobilizer will also hold another 1vyG conference at Penn in February of 2018.

MEAL PLAN

changes

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• Changes can only be made in person weekdays from 9:00AM to 4:00PM at the Brown Dining office located at 144 Thayer Street (Sharpe Refectory).

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TODAY

FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017 • PAGE 5

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

f i r s t - y e a r s f lo o d t h e i r e ma i l s

menu SATELLITE DINING ANDREWS COMMONS

Pizza: Harvest, Buffalo Chicken, Bacon Ham and Alfredo JOSIAH’S

BLUE ROOM

Lasagna Bowl, Quesadilla Station

Blue Room Grain Bowl

DINING HALLS SHARPE REFECTORY LUNCH

DINNER

Fried Turbot Filet, Roasted Brussels Sprouts, Mint Chocolate Chip Cookies

Cajun Pasta, Mashed Red Bliss Potatoes, Bread Pudding with Raisins

VERNEY-WOOLLEY LUNCH

DINNER

Pork Carnitas, Three Bean Casserole, Brown Rice Pilaf, Blondie Bars

Smothered Jalapeno Chicken, Rice Pilaf, Bread Pudding with Raisins

sudoku

JOSHUA DANIELSON / HERALD

First-years and interested students flocked to the activities fair this afternoon on the Main Green. An annual event, the fair encourages extracurricular involvement and sparks excitement across campus.

Q U O T E O F T H E D AY

crossword

“They’ve said to me, ‘If I lose another parking spot, I might as well shut my company.’”

— Councilman Luis Aponte

See city council on page 1.

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Mesa de Conversacion 12:00 P.M. Sharpe Refectory, Room 6

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SATURDAY Welcome B(l)ack BBQ 12:00 P.M. Harambee House Lounge

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COMMENTARY PAGE 6 • FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

EDITORIAL

Talking to a Herald reporter It’s possible that over the course of your time at Brown you’ll be asked to interact with one of our reporters. We try to cover the Brown community and include as many voices as possible — so when a reporter speaks with you, we hope that you’ll have a positive experience with them and feel that they represented what you said fairly and accurately.

Per our mission, The Herald is a teaching organization, and we train our reporters how to do the job the way a professional would. Many of them have had no experience in journalism before. We realize that, before interacting with a Herald reporter, you may have had no experience interacting with the media yourself. Here’s what to expect if you’re talking with a reporter.

1. We try to avoid conflicts of interest. If a reporter is too close to a story, someone else will probably be reporting on it. This can be a tough line to draw, and we address it on a case by case basis.

2. There are a few ways you might talk to a reporter about a story.

• If you’re “on the record,” that means that anything you say can be reported, published or aired with your name attached. All conversations are assumed to be on the record unless you, a source, explicitly request to go off the record and the reporter agrees.

• You might ask a reporter to only speak “on background,” which means that the reporter can print what you say without naming you.

You’re probably just giving background information on a story that our reporters will go elsewhere to verify.

• If what you’re saying is “not for attribution,” that means that you’re an anonymous source in an article. How we identify you should be agreed upon by the reporter and the source (you).

• “Off the record” means our reporter is limited in using the information you give. You might speak with a reporter off the record if you want them to help them understand an issue or event without being published.

But, if the reporter confirms that same information with someone who spoke on the record, either on background, not for attribution, or otherwise, then she can publish that — but your name won’t be attached to the information.

3. By attaching quotes and information to an identified person, readers understand where our information comes from, and we build trust.

Our first obligation is to readers and to truth. But we understand some information you divulge to a reporter may be sensitive. On rare occasions, a reporter may grant anonymity. But first, that reporter has to check with her editor, and there must be a good reason to be anonymous. Even if you’re an anonymous source in the paper, our reporter still needs to know your first and last name.

4. Our reporters should identify themselves to you and let you know they’re with The Herald. If a reporter asks to record a conversation with you, we encourage you to let them, if you’re comfortable with that — recording a conversation makes it much easier for us to quote you directly.

5. It’s against most newspapers’ policies to show you an article before it’s published, and it’s our policy, too. We can call you and read your quotes to you, and we can call you to confirm facts that you’ve given us, but we’re not allowed to change a quote of yours to make it sound better.

P IA M I L E A F- PAT E L

6. If you say something at a public event, such as a protest or meeting of the Undergraduate Council of Students, we may quote you. We cover newsworthy events, and that sometimes includes recording events that take place in public settings.

7. We do our best to be fair and accurate, but we sometimes make mistakes. If you have a factual correction to make on an article, email the reporter or herald@browndailyherald.com and we’ll publish a correction online as soon as possible and in our print version the following day. If you feel that the article was not fair, then write a letter to the editor at letters@browndailyherald.com. If it’s fit to print, we’ll publish it. This is a way to hold us accountable and set the record straight for our readers.

Like most of you, we’re students. We’re all volunteers who are committed to our mission: producing news and other content to inform the Brown community. Like any student group, our staff turns over every few years.

We’re always working to improve and learn. Judge us by our product and our conduct, today and in the years to come.

Years from now, when people want to know what life at Brown was like when we went there, they’ll likely turn to The Herald. We want to make sure that we’re providing an accurate historical representation of the student body, which means talking to you to understand what’s happening on campus. We hope that, with these guidelines, you’ll feel more comfortable knowing how to deal with the media and will speak with a reporter the next time you’re asked for an interview.

Editorials are written by The Herald’s editorial board: Lauren Aratani ’18, Matt Brownsword ’18, Rebecca Ellis ’18 and Kate Talerico ’18.

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COMMENTARY FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2017 • PAGE 7

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

The undeniable politics of nonprofits MARIELLE BURT staff columnist “Black L--lives Mmmatter,” read one of my students, sounding out a sign I had hung in our room at Providence CityArts for Youth, a nonprofit arts organization where I taught classes this summer. “Miss Marielle, what does that mean?” she asked. “It means the police are shooting us and Trump says it’s okay,” her best friend, another 9-year-old girl of color, responded. This prompted the three of us to have a frank conversation about race in the United States and how they might resist police violence and President Trump’s racist policies through their art. This conversation — which felt like one of my most important teaching moments — might, strictly speaking, have been in violation of the contract I signed when I took that job.

This episode highlights a major critique of nonprofit organizations, such as CityArts. Nonprofits, as the title implies, generally do not make money from the services they provide. Instead, they depend on outside funders — donors, private grant programs, government-sponsored grants or some combination of the three — to cover their operating costs. But many of these funders, particularly those with government ties, aim to steer clear of politics in order to protect their reputations from shifts in political power. This forc-

es organizations that engage with social politics to negotiate the disparity between the political implications of their work on the one hand and the pressure from funders to be apolitical and follow strict funding guidelines on the other.

CityArts is one of many nonprofits forced to toe this line. It is in many ways an incredible organization. It runs free afterschool arts programs and summer camps for Providence youth, with a focus on integrating social justice and arts education. The teaching artists demonstrate a depth of knowledge in their particular art disciplines and are trained to guide students to think

To maintain these programs and resources, CityArts partners with various funders including AmeriCorps, a federal service organization often described as the domestic version of the Peace Corps. Troublingly, the values of AmeriCorps do not align with CityArts’ mission. AmeriCorps allows their members to be paid less than minimum wage, with the apparent justification that community workers should be in the same economic bracket as the people they serve. In other words, AmeriCorps believes you must live in poverty to serve people in poverty. This illogical rationale not only takes advantage

is a valuable tool for social change but hypocritically devalues social justice artists by failing to pay its teachers a living wage.

Beyond the issue of wages, AmeriCorps’ strictly apolitical stance conflicts with CityArts’ commitment to social justice. In a training with an AmeriCorps representative, the summer teaching artists were told not to promote or denounce any political party or candidate. My cohort of liberal teaching artists was quick to question this instruction, particularly after the week of trainings we had just completed on how to engage students in political critique

In our political climate, where Republican leaders defend neo-Nazis, enact racist, xenophobic and transphobic legislation and work to strip low-income folks of their healthcare coverage, how can we possibly teach social justice without talking about politics? critically about social issues so they can express their individual values through art. Though the diversity of the management team is somewhat lacking — the company is run predominantly by young, white women — they seem dedicated to their work and demonstrate genuine care for the youth they serve.

CityArts’ main campus in South Providence is stunning: Its hallways are decorated with colorful murals and mosaics made by young artists. The studio spaces have large windows and are stocked with high-quality art supplies, including pottery wheels, several dozen Mac computers, 3-D printers, video cameras and a large collection of painting, sculpting and collaging materials.

of the labor of AmeriCorps members, but also contributes to the exclusivity of AmeriCorps programs. Folks who work for AmeriCorps overwhelmingly depend on another source of income — often, wealthy parents — while members without this support must work two jobs. (I can attest that my stipends from CityArts, that followed AmeriCorps’ guidelines, were barely enough to cover my rent for summer housing.)

While CityArts claims to prioritize diversity and equality, by accepting AmeriCorps subminimum wage stipends for their teaching artists, the organization discourages low-income folks from applying for this position.

CityArts teaches young people that art

through art. In our political climate, we asked, where Republican leaders defend neo-Nazis, enact racist, xenophobic and transphobic legislation and work to strip low-income folks of their healthcare coverage, how can we possibly teach social justice without talking about politics? Tripping over her words, the AmeriCorps representative attempted to draw a line between political candidates and topics with political relevance. Her response, like any attempt to remain neutral with Trump as our president, came across as an attempt to exculpate politicians from their influence on broader culture.

After this contentious training, the CityArts staff reassured the teaching

artists that they still valued our individual commitments to social justice and that politics are indeed inherent to this work. Yet we all signed a form acknowledging that violating AmeriCorps’ apolitical stance could be grounds for termination. Ultimately, we as teachers, not CityArts, bore the risk of bending AmeriCorps’ rules.

I do not blame CityArts for its partnership with AmeriCorps, a partnership without which they would not be able to run any of their phenomenal arts programs. But the conflict between the missions of these two organizations sheds light on certain systemic issues of the nonprofit world. First of all, labor in service of others deserves a fair salary; the work is exhausting, intense and performed by people who, as much as they care for the communities they serve, still have rent checks to pay and meals to buy. Moreover, it is time to recognize that community-centered work is inherently political. Folks who are working to ameliorate any problem in the United States, be it social, economic or environmental, are ultimately working to make up for government failure.

As conservative politicians strip rights from Americans who are not white, middle class or wealthy men, the political aspect of working with underserved communities is all the more apparent.

When organizations ignore the political nature of this work, they turn a blind eye to the structural causes of injustice.

Marielle Burt ’19 can be reached at marielle_burt@brown.edu.

What we can remember from ‘Never Forget’ CLARE STEINMAN op-ed contributor When I traveled to Berlin with my family last month, my mom was so worried about violating German laws prohibiting Nazi symbols that she taped over the swastikas on the cover of her copy of “In the Garden of Beasts.” Imagine the effect, then, of passing by a stand of German newspapers bearing the faces of men wearing Nazi armbands and proudly displaying the swastika — and knowing they were American faces.

The American Nazis that marched in Charlottesville and what they stand for have been voraciously documented in the media, both in the United States and abroad. They seek a nation in which white, Christian men possess the entirety of power — political, social, and economic — while the rest of us cower in a state between disenfranchisement and terror. The monuments they defend as “history” represented much more than a commemoration of the past. Strategically placed as weapons of intimidation against a generation of African-Americans seeking the most basic rights, these statues were never meant to be historical at all. Instead, they send a message to people of color that rings as clearly in 2017 as it did in 1920 and 1960: You will never be safe here, and you will never be one of us. For proof, look no further than the words of a Georgia state representative who suggested that anyone who tried to dismantle the statues would be met with “something a lot more definitive” than torches by his constituents .

American Nazis are aghast at the thought of suppressing our history, by which they mean Confederate generals and their supposed honor in

committing treason. As a nation, we’re very good at commemorating the Civil War and its soldiers.

Its battlefields are major tourist attractions, re-enactments occur across the nation, and an almost unimaginable amount of literature and media is still produced to tell the story of a war that ended 152 years ago. We’re much worse at discussing the cause of the Civil War (which, no, was not “states’ rights”). And when we do talk about slavery, or segregation or Jim Crow laws, we tend to do so in a way that obscures their relevance to our everyday lives instead of confronting their ongoing manifestations and lasting harm.

This inability to address the racial injustice that

soldiers that the Soviets built immediately after occupying the city. It towers over former West Berlin like a Communist postcard. But most of the memorials that reflect Germany’s darkest era are Denkmäler, designed not to celebrate, but to provoke reflection. Walking through Berlin, it’s impossible not to feel the double burden of the city’s evil history: the weight of what happened there and the weight of the reckoning. The story of Germany today is the story of a nation still grappling with its actions, forcing you to remember them, even trip over them. The streets are dotted with brass placards — Stolpersteine, stumbling stones — marking the spot where Jewish Berliners lived

This inability to address the racial injustice that has been a part of America since its beginning is shameful, and it is destroying us. But if we’re serious about rethinking the way we grapple with the legacy and reality of racism, there is hope. has been a part of America since its beginning is shameful, and it is destroying us. But if we’re serious about rethinking the way we grapple with the legacy and reality of racism, there is hope. In Berlin, it occurred to me that I was watching the events in Charlottesville unfold from perhaps the only nation on earth that can teach us how to rid ourselves of our own Nazi scourge and come to terms, at long last, with the hate and cruelty that underlie our past.

In German, there are two words for “memorial”: Denkmal, derived from the word for “think,” and Ehrenmal, from the word for “honor.” Some of the many memorials throughout Berlin are Ehrenmäler, like the memorial to fallen Red Army

or worked before they fell victim to the Nazis.

Once confined to Berlin, these stumbling stones can now be found all over Europe, making up the largest decentralized memorial in the world.

Similarly, in 1993 in Bayerischer Platz, a prosperous Jewish area before the war, a pair of artists hung signs that reflected laws and ordinances the Nazis passed against Jews: “Jews are no longer allowed to keep pets.” “Aryan and non-Aryan children are not allowed to play together.” Some residents of the neighborhood promptly called the police, mistaking the Denkmal for neo-Nazi vandalism. The misunderstanding was cleared up, and the signs remain as a poignant and haunting memorial today. Compare that to America, where

monuments like statues can glorify the past and obscure its darker moments to a point where we consider them something worth celebrating. But in Germany, Denkmäler remembrances like this force observers to confront the realities of the past.

Contrary to the strawman arguments I’ve read over the past weeks, I don’t think we should erase history. I don’t think we could even if we wanted to. We can’t escape our hateful past. The vestiges of slavery and Jim Crow linger in our criminal justice system, in our halls of power and in our segregated neighborhoods and schools. If we’re going to erase history, we should start there. But when it comes to the much harder process of remembering, confronting and building a path toward healing, we must learn how to memorialize without honoring, how to honestly confront the past and absorb the pain it caused. Monuments and memorials aren’t about the past; they’re lenses through which we view the present. We have too many Ehrenmäler for men who tried to destroy the Union and not nearly enough Denkmäler for the crimes on which that same Union was built. It is only through the most twisted of ironies that we find ourselves facing Nazis in Virginia because of a failure to act more like Germany. We know the consequences of allowing hate to fester under the surface, only coming to our attention under the light of tiki torches. It is time to bring it into the light ourselves, so that it can be extinguished once and for all.

Clare Steinman ’19 would like to thank Sadie Tilleray and Ronen Altman Kaydar, her tour guides in Berlin, for sharing their history and inspiring this piece. She can be reached at clare_steinman@brown.edu.

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