Tuesday, November 29, 2016

SINCE 1891

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 2016

VOLUME CLI, ISSUE 113

WWW.BROWNDAILYHERALD.COM

Elitzer, Silver win Marshall Scholarship Student government

evolves to effect change

Elitzer ’17 to study archeology, politics, Silver ’16 to explore theater in United Kingdom

Student government contends with high turnover, limited resources to give student body voice

By ALEX SKIDMORE SENIOR STAFF WRITER

For the first time since 2005, multiple Brown students were awarded the Marshall Scholarship, which covers the fees for two years of study in the United Kingdom. David Elitzer ’17 and Evan Silver ’16 are among those who will travel to the United Kingdom next year to pursue advanced degrees.

Each year, up to 40 American students are awarded the scholarship, which is funded by the British government, according to the scholarship’s website.

“To say I’m excited is an understatement,” Elitzer said.

Elitzer, an archaeology concentrator, will focus his studies on the intersection of cultural heritage and foreign policy, specifically in the Middle East, he said.

After interning with a civilian archeologist in the U.S. Army and at the Rhode Island School of Design Museum, Elitzer said that he wants “to answer the question: How can we » See MARSHALL, page 2

By ROSE SHEEHAN SENIOR STAFF WRITER

COURTESY OF EVAN SILVER

For the first year of his Marshall Scholarship, Evan Silver ’16 plans to study theater at the Royal Central School of Speech and Drama.

International grad students adapt to campus, country Graduate School adds new referral system to ease transition for international students

By ISABEL GENSLER SENIOR STAFF WRITER

Thirty-seven percent of the graduate student population is made up of international students, and that percentage will grow to 40 percent with next year’s incoming class, wrote Dean of the Graduate School and Professor of Medical Science Andrew Campbell in an email to The Herald. The representation of international students among the graduate populace has grown faster than the domestic graduate student population due to the University’s work to “raise its global profile,” Campbell wrote. These students face a unique set of challenges, such as obtaining proper documentation, understanding American norms and finding affordable accommodation on College Hill.

Bureaucratic challenges In order to study at the university,

INSIDE

international students must first obtain either an F1 or J1 visa. While an F1 visa is granted to students funded personally or by outside sources, a J1 visa is granted to those funded by the University. These visas enable the students’ spouses to obtain an F2 or J2 visa, though the F2 visa does not allow dependents to hold gainful employment, according to the U.S. Department of State website. This can lead to financial difficulties for couples who must rely on only one source of income, said a married Canadian graduate student at a graduate student input session earlier in the semester.

The visas that international graduate students receive allow them to work no more than 20 hours a week and impose regulations on the types of jobs they can hold, wrote Inge Zwart GS, an American studies PhD candidate and the Graduate Student Council’s international student advocate, in an email to The Herald.

The Office of International Student and Scholar Services also aids in the visa application process. The OISSS “was very helpful (in) figuring out the » See GRADUATE, page 2

Established in 1893 as a senior society and named after the lobster that its founders often ate for dinner, the Cammarian Club was the first iteration of student government at Brown.

By the late 1960s, the club distributed funds to student groups, but it was not “the motivating force for what I think turned out to be the more important changes” in University governance called for by students, said Elliot Maxwell ’68 LHD’94 hon., P’06.

Club leaders, such as Maxwell and Ira Magaziner ‘69 LHD’94 hon. P’06 P’07 P’10 MD’19, operated outside of the club to bring about change on campus. The “Magaziner-Maxwell Report,” which provided the basis for the University’s New Curriculum, “wasn’t a student government-sponsored activity or driven by the student government,” Maxwell said.

As student activism and involvement in campus and national issues increased, members of the Cammarian Club “began to feel that there was some irrelevance to what they were doing,” said Dan Cummings ’72, a former Herald editor. In 1971, the club was superseded by a new form of student government, the Student Caucus, which was then replaced by the Undergraduate Council of Students in 1976.

Both restructurings were intended to give the student body greater influence over University decisions.

Student government participants active from the Cammarian Club’s final days in the 1960s until today’s UCS president described the organization’s goals as representing the student body and advocating for students’ interests in University governance. Yet many acknowledged that some of the most profound student-driven changes to University policy since the 1960s have had little to do with the student government.

The student government’s power to effect change on campus depends, like the strength of most institutions, on the people running it at any given » See UCS, page 3

U. expands online course offerings Students, faculty members express mixed reactions to strategic shift as U. introduces new courses

By SUVY QIN AND PRIYA PODUGU SENIOR STAFF WRITER AND CONTRIBUTING WRITER

For the first time this fall, the University has added online courses for students to take during the academic year in a push to increase the learning opportunities available to students. In addition, this spring, Professor of English James Egan will be teaching the first non-writingbased online course to be offered during the regular school year. Egan’s course, ENGL 0511C: “Fantastic Places, Unhuman Humans,” will examine literature from authors like William Shakespeare and Mary Shelley with an objective of understanding how humans perceive themselves through their portrayal of monsters.

Previously, online courses were only available during summer sessions. The addition of online courses for the academic year reflects positive feedback from faculty members and students regarding online courses and the University’s desire to experiment with online education, said Karen Sibley,

ROLAND HIGH / HERALD

vice president for strategic initiatives and dean of the School of Professional Studies.

The University’s online course collection has been developing for the past few years because online education “is one of several innovative areas of higher education” that faculty members are exploring at other schools,

said Dean of the College Maud Mandel.

The University sees itself as being on the “cutting edge” of higher education in the country, she added.

Slow beginnings Starting in 2013, the School of Professional Studies began working » See ONLINE, page 4

WEATHER

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 2016

NEWS Professor John Savage gives cybersecurity advice to Vietnamese government

SPORTS Women’s basketball snaps threegame losing streak on the road against Binghamton

COMMENTARY Johnson ’19: Absentee voting process disorganized, inconvenient for college voters

COMMENTARY Malik ’18: Nation must stay vigilant against hate crimes in wake of Trump’s election

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» GRADUATE, from page 1 process and getting all the paperwork in order,” wrote Sanne Verschuren GS in an email to the Herald.

Rajeev Kadambi GS, a fifth year PhD candidate in political science, found that acquiring a visa was a simple process. He simply followed the rules and procedures of U.S. immigration from his home country, India, he wrote in an email to The Herald. He added that he knows other students who were unable to obtain visas or travel to the United States due to “internal political troubles” in their home countries.

Another unique challenge international students face is complying with bureaucratic procedures that come with studying abroad. “Moving to another country often leaves you stuck in between (at least) two systems of taxing, government and other bureaucratic work,” Zwart wrote. She added that filing tax forms has been a complex process. Other challenges completing paperwork for visa regulations, filing for a social security number as a non-US citizen, obtaining official translations and providing proof of sufficient funding.

Verschuren also cited extra paperwork as a burden. In order to obtain a visa and pay taxes while living abroad, she had to fill out many forms and coordinate with the American embassy in Brussels, she wrote.

Cultural and linguistic barriers Some international students face unique cultural barriers upon arriving to Providence. For Zwart, trying to adapt to social norms in the United States elicits “a constant feeling of unfamiliarity,” Zwart wrote. She added that she finds it difficult to understand relationships with other Americans, as well as American humor. Being back home, Zwart felt “much more relaxed” both in public and private spaces.

» MARSHALL, from page 1 recognize the role that heritage plays in political conflict?”

To address these issues, Elitzer plans to obtain two one-year degrees, the first in international public policy from University College London and the second in archaeological heritage and museums from the University of Cambridge.

Silver received the award while he was about 10,000 miles away in Indonesia, where he is studying Balinese performance and culture through a Luce Scholarship he received last spring.

As an undergraduate, Silver studied literary arts with a focus on performance writing and was involved with many Production Workshop shows.

He will use the Marshall Scholarship to fuse his experiences in Providence and Bali.

American theater training is focused on the brain and text, whereas Balinese and other Eastern traditions emphasize the body and its physicality, Silver said. “British theater is a kind of perfect balance of the two,” he added.

To explore this blend of traditions, Silver will spend his first year at the Royal Central School of Speech and Drama in London, he said. For the second year, Silver may study something “more academic” like folklore or mythology, though he is still undecided,

International graduate students also face language barriers. “Once I was in the States, I all of a sudden had to get used to repeating myself and speaking up and (more clearly),” Zwart wrote, adding that “there is definitely a certain insecurity that comes with that, especially in writing, too.”

The University provides language support with English Language Learning services through the Sheridan Center for Teaching and Learning, which offers individual appointments and group workshops, Campbell wrote. As part of these services, a staff member was recently hired as the English language learning specialist to offer help in writing and speaking.

The University also offers English support for the International Teaching Assistants program, which “helps ensure that our doctoral students are prepared to succeed in their teaching roles,” Campbell wrote.

“It is normally the cultural changes that are harder,” Kadambi wrote, as a certain proficiency in English is “required as criterion for admission.”

“As an international student, one arrives in a new place, new culture (and) new system of work,” Suvaid Yaseen GS wrote in an email to The Herald. “It takes some time to adjust.”

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD University graduate housing is “very limited and expensive,” wrote Zwart, who listed Google, Zillow, Craigslist and the Graduate Student Listserv as helpful resources for graduate students going through the process.

As an international student, Zwart has had to explain to landlords her lack of a social security number as well as provide proof that she would have enough money to pay rent each month, she wrote.

For most graduate students who receive funding from the University in the form of a stipend, healthcare is part of that package, Zwart wrote.

Master’s students do not receive stipends and therefore must use the University’s insurance or provide an alternative.

“Health insurance is a system completely alien to me,” wrote Yaseen, who uses the university-recommended healthcare.

Housing and healthcare For Yaseen, finding housing was the most difficult challenge to overcome. He arrived in early August in order to find accommodations but found housing to be “not exactly ideal,” he wrote. The University offers housing to graduate students through the Office of Auxiliary Housing, but “University accommodation is expensive as compared to (off-campus housing),” Yaseen wrote. He added that if the rates were comparable, university housing would have been an easier option, especially for his first year in Providence.

Outreach efforts The Graduate School organizes a two-day pre-orientation for firstyear international students, Campbell wrote. Starting in 2014, the Grad School “expanded orientation and increased its collaboration” with the Office of Campus Life and Student Services and the OISSS, Campbell wrote. He added that the Office of Global Engagement has launched a “new one-stop referral system” called Global Brown Community and Support, which is a system “designed to help international students, faculty, staff and visitors on campus in addressing their needs.”

The grad school and Office of Global Engagement are “collaborating on new outreach efforts,” such as the workshop for international graduate students called “Unpacking Diversity and Inclusion in the U.S.,” Campbell wrote.

As international graduate students continue to constitute over a third

he added.

Elitzer and Silver stood out in the university’s overall pool of applicants, said Linda Dunleavy, associate dean of the College for fellowships. The two awardees were successful because they are “very particular” about their courses of study and have “a fair amount of clarity about their future direction,” she added.

Elitzer wants to work in a major museum or pursue a role in shaping heritage policy within the federal government, he said.

“I am someone who likes to explore opportunities as they present themselves,” Silver said, adding that he does not have any concrete plans after the Marshall award ends. But he will likely either explore becoming an artist in the United States or continue to travel and learn more about different forms of performance across the globe, he said.

The two recipients are also open and engaging, which probably helped them during the interview phase, Dunleavy said.

During Silver’s interview the day after the presidential election, he “didn’t hold back (his) liberalness” and was worried about offending the interviewer, he said. After receiving the congratulatory phone call the next day, Silver said, “I realized they may have liked my honesty. I was very much myself.”

David Elitzer ’17 plans to pursue two one-year degrees in international public policy and archaeological heritage and museums at University College London and University of Cambridge, respectively.

DOROTHY WINDHAM / HERALD

of the graduate student community, many international student groups have been founded for the purpose of providing support and fostering community, Zwart wrote.

The University recently founded a Community Fellows program, which will help build a community for international students, Campbell

wrote. The Grad School also plans to increase engagement with international graduate students by offering an international student feedback session in the spring “to get a better understanding of issues from their perspectives,” Campbell wrote, adding that he believes this session will become an annual event.

COURTESY OF DAVID ELITZER

NEWS

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 2016 • PAGE 3

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

» UCS, from page 1 time. Still, throughout the last 50 years, student government leaders hoping to drive change have had to contend with limited resources, the organization’s bureaucratic structure and a multitude of responsibilities that can detract time from activist efforts.

Dreaming of a University Senate On the heels of Maxwell and Magaziner’s drive to establish the New Curriculum came the idea for a University Senate — “made of elected representatives from the faculty, elected representatives from the students and elected representatives or appointed representatives from the administration” — which would replace the Cammarian Club, said former UCS president Tony Affigne ’76 AM’91 PhD’92. This new body would “control the curriculum and would control the academic policies of the University,” Affigne added.

In March of 1971, students voted overwhelmingly to disband the Cammarian Club. Students tried to convince the faculty to form its own caucus, which would have participated in the University Senate, but the faculty rejected the idea, leading to the student-only Student Caucus, Affigne said.

In 1975, the Caucus played a crucial part in the occupation of University Hall to protest then-President Donald Hornig’s plan to balance the University’s budget, Affigne said. “His plan for balancing the budget would have eliminated financial aid, would have laid off all of the black deans and support staff that had been hired,” and would have laid off “75 probationary faculty, people who didn’t have tenure yet,” Affigne said.

The Caucus also pushed the University to take a stance on divestment from certain companies, “hired a lawyer to provide legal advice for students” who were resisting the draft and facilitated anti-war activities, said Curtis Blessing ’73 P’13, the first Caucus president.

But Matt Wald ’76, a former Herald editor, said that the members of the Caucus were not able to “establish consensus” on the issue of the University Hall takeover and so were “left out of this” and “scrambling to keep up.”

The Caucus “wasn’t a locus of change,” said Noel Rubinton ’77, a former Herald editor.

The Student Caucus also approved budgets for student groups. Today, the Undergraduate Finance Board independently allocates funding for student groups, though UCS still categorizes those groups to determine the level of funding they can receive.

The UCS era begins Affigne, one of the key players in the transformation of the Caucus into UCS, said the establishment of UCS resulted from student and administrative responses to the 1975 University Hall takeover.

Backlash against the building occupation included “pressure to abolish the Student Caucus because, among some sectors of the student body, the Student Caucus was seen as having orchestrated this militant takeover,” Affigne said, adding that “the pressure was to take away the student activities fee from the Student Caucus and also to restructure the Student Caucus into something more bureaucratic, more

HERALD ARCHIVES

Ira Magaziner ’69 and Elliot Maxwell ’68 (not pictured) spearheaded major campus reforms through channels outside student government. matched to the administration.”

But Nathan Bicks ’78, the first president of UCS, said the impetus for the council’s formation was not pushback against the takeover but rather “a renewed emphasis on student involvement and participation in governance of the University” prompted by the success of the building occupation.

In the wake of the building takeover, “there was a sense that the caucus had not been terribly effective and that we needed a more useful vehicle for articulating student concerns on campus and getting students more involved in things on campus,” said Stephen Owens ‘78 P’17, a former Caucus secretary and UCS president.

The structure of the council was modeled after the structure of the administration, so that each committee corresponded to a function of the University and a specific dean, Bicks said. For instance, the Committee on Academic Affairs was created to oversee academics and to meet and work with the dean of the faculty and the provost, Affigne said. Eventually, though not immediately, control of the Student Activities Fee was also transferred from student government to the Undergraduate Finance Board, he added.

Before the creation of UFB, UCS controlled and distributed 55 percent, or about $170,000, of the funding for student groups, said Matthew Carroll ’86, a former UCS president. The Student Union, the equivalent of today’s Class Board, oversaw the remaining 45 percent.

Carroll was president of the council in the spring of 1985, when UCS engineered the transfer of its own funding duties, along with those of the Student Union, to UFB. “I (valued) efficiency over the notion that maybe you’d be a little less relevant if you didn’t have that function,” he said, adding that UFB was founded to “focus solely” on the financing of student groups.

With its loss of control over the Student Activities Fee and its former “huge budget,” UCS lost its ability to directly fund and support important campus movements and groups, Affigne said. The council is sometimes unable to take action because it lacks financial resources, said Rahim Kurji ’05, former UCS president.

UCS currently has a “strong relationship” with UFB, said Tim Ittner ’18, vice president of the council.

“Having all of the UFB’s work also as part of UCS would be way too much work for one organization and a lot of responsibility, and so I think it’s a really good idea to have those separate,” he added. “But we work really closely together.” The council also appoints students to UFB, though UFB’s top officials are elected.

Like other student groups, UCS now receives funding from UFB, wrote Yuzuka Akasaka ’18, UCS treasurer, in an email to The Herald.

The creation of UFB did not take away “student voice in the allocation of funds because it’s still in the student domain,” said Viet Nguyen ’17, president of UCS. “But it is a separation of powers, which I think is a good balance.” Control of funding is not “the deciding point of whether student government is effective or not,” Carroll said.

Activist aims UCS approaches change “from a procedural or political orientation,” using its abilities to further its “activist focus” as “the mouthpiece for student groups and the student body,” Ittner said. With “conscious effort and intentionality,” the council can be “used as a lever to advocate” and be involved in political efforts on campus, Nguyen wrote in a follow-up email.

UCS functions as one way of “representing student voice in University governance,” Nguyen added. UCS accomplishes its goals through lobbying,

“passing resolutions, appointing people to University committees or just helping people wanting to navigate the University structure.”

The council reaches out to student groups, including those working on major issues of University policy, to gauge their aims and understand their efforts, Ittner said.

UCS also refines its agenda through the Corporation focus groups that it hosts every time the Corporation, the University’s highest governing body, convenes on campus. After a discussion between students and Corporation members on socioeconomic barriers to success on campus, “We worked with the provost and the dean of the College to increase funding in the campus life emergency fund and in some other areas,” Ittner said.

The role that the council plays in campus activism depends on the president, Nguyen said. His background in working in “the community in spaces that do activism” shaped his approach to the council, he added.

When Kurji served as UCS president, “there was a great deal of activism, and I think we tried to be a voice,” he said. “We tried to focus on the issues that were the most pressing, the most relevant. We were starting conversations about admissions, about financial aid, about respecting folks because of their background.”

During Kurji’s time on campus, UCS tried “to empower other student groups and to really empower students to have their own voice,” he said. “I don’t think anyone should ever make the claim that UCS is the only voice. … It’s important to really ensure that every student had their choice.”

Playing to strengths, recognizing limitations Like many student groups, UCS must work within the constraints of a high turnover rate. At the beginning of the school year, each UCS committee comes up with a set of goals and projects, said Joel Payne ’05, a former UCS president. By the time the council has formalized its agenda, “It’s December, you’re starting the second semester, and really and truly you’ve only got a handful of meetings before people are starting to think about running for next year,” Payne added.

While time is a limiting factor everyone can recognize, alums and current students have different takes on whether the council’s structure is a hindrance or an asset.

“In practice, it didn’t work very well at all,” Affigne said of his plan to model the council’s structure on the administration’s. Following the dissolution of the Caucus, the council “attracted people who had a more bureaucratic and less political image of themselves,” he added. “They didn’t necessarily feel like they were representing students anymore.” The bureaucratic structure of UCS discouraged members from engaging

in activism as representatives of the student body, he said.

The organization of the council has shifted over time and no longer so closely mimics that of the administration, Nguyen said. “It may have started out that way, but I think now it’s been able to be a lot more nuanced and change with the needs of students,” he added. For example, the Student Wellness Committee was created “in response to the growing need of mental health and sexual assault prevention on campus.”

Blessing said that during his time on student government, he saw it as one of many organizational vehicles “that students used to try to press their viewpoints and achieve certain ends.” Though the Caucus had “limited resources” and no “legal or actual authority to make decisions or veto decisions,” its members focused on what “we believed we could do to boost decision-making” that reflected the needs and desires of the student body, he added.

The most effective student governments are the ones that devote their energy and resources to dealing with one or two priority issues,” said Ken Rivlin ’87 P’19, a former UCS president. “You can’t be all things to all people.” Rivlin added that this approach is most likely to “yield tangible results” and “offset many students’ skepticism about the usefulness or effectiveness of student government.”

The greatest strength of UCS lies in its inclusiveness, Ittner said. “The entire student body can join — there’s not an election process; it’s not competitive in any way — and therefore if you are invested in the school, you want to see change and you are really passionate about this school for whatever reason, you have the opportunity to serve on student government,” he added.

Making “sure that the entire campus feels involved and invested” is crucial to the success of the council, Payne said, adding that he valued the council’s ability “to bring a pretty diverse group of students together and get things done.” This set an example for the rest of the student body of “people coming together, working together and figuring it all out,” he said.

“Our biggest priority is making students care and believe that UCS is a valid vehicle for change,” Nguyen said, adding that he wants to facilitate greater “centralization of student voice” during the remainder of his tenure. “Right now we have student groups doing great work, we have students on University appointments doing great work, we have UCS doing work — is there a way in which we can have cross-communication?”

To ensure that student advocacy and activism are directed by an awareness of student concerns, Nguyen hopes to create a congress of student groups and a congress for students on University committees, he added.

NEWS

PAGE 4 • TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 2016

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Computer science professor advises Vietnamese government Cybersecurity expert John Savage delivers lectures, meets with Vietnamese president, business leaders

By EDUARD MUÑOZ-SUÑÉ STAFF WRITER

Cybersecurity expert and Professor of Computer Science John Savage recently traveled to Vietnam where he gave a series of lectures and conversed with business and political leaders from Oct. 20 to Oct. 28. His trip culminated in a one-on-one meeting with the President of Vietnam, Tran Dai Quang.

Starting in 1967 as a faculty member in the division of engineering, Savage is now in his 50th year as a member of Brown’s faculty. He co-founded the Department of Computer Science in 1979 and served as the second chair of the department for six years, from 1985 to 1991.

Last year, Savage petitioned the University to grant him a half-time position for three years, during which he would teach one course per year in order to pursue cybersecurity in other projects.

This agreement began in the 2015-2016 academic year, and Savage will teach his only course, CSCI 1800: “Cyber Security in International Relations,” for the seventh time in the spring.

The course “explains the kinds of assaults or attacks that can be launched against computers and the Internet, puts the whole issue into a governance context and lists the various steps that governments and individuals have taken to make the Internet a more secure space,” he said.

Cybersecurity is Savage’s latest pursuit in the field of computer science. He began studying electrical engineering as an undergraduate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, moved into

» ONLINE, from page 1 alongside faculty members to “design, produce and refine” online courses for undergraduate and graduate students, said Ren Whitaker, senior director of online learning and innovation. These faculty members initially expressed interest in teaching online courses with the desire of reaching students they normally would not have the opportunity to teach, she added.

The University has also experimented with massive open online courses — known as MOOCs — through Coursera, which allows the general public to access course lectures and materials. Arnold Weinstein, professor of comparative literature, taught his course COLT 1420T: “The Fiction of Relationship” in 2014 through Coursera. Though the public benefited from the University’s “intellectual privilege” with its partnership with Coursera, the costs of creating and running MOOCs were “prohibitive” for the University to continue using the platform, he said.

While the University is currently moving away from Coursera, last month, the Brown joined the edX consortium, a platform where faculty members can work with instructional designers to create online courses that can be shared with the world, Sibley said. But the University is not pushing a “significant agenda” with online courses. It is instead exploring its options regarding online education, Sibley added.

theoretical computer science and shifted to nanotechnology after receiving a series of grants from the National Science Foundation. Savage’s involvement in the Jefferson Science Fellowship Program — a program offered by The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine — allowed him to spend a year as an advisor at the U.S. Department of State from August 2009 to August 2010.

As an advisor at the State Department, he turned to cybersecurity and shifted focus from highly technical to cyber policy.

During that year, Savage “served as an analyst in the Cyber Affairs Office and … sat on five cyber security-related government committees,” according to the Jefferson Science Fellowship website.

Since then, Savage has continued to pursue cyber policy and has traveled all over the globe to attend various conferences. His latest trip was to Vietnam as a representative of the Boston Global Forum, a think tank, to discuss the importance of cybersecurity.

According to Savage, his visit to Vietnam was partially prompted by a cybersecurity attack in Vietnam where hackers took over two airport public address and monitor systems and the website of a Vietnamese airline. The incident “highlighted immediately that this was an important issue,” Savage said.

During his trip, Savage gave a lecture at Dalat University entitled “Global Citizenship Education in Cyber Civil Defense” and a cybersecurity speech in the city of Saigon to more than 100 members of the Hoa Sen Group, a Vietnamese corporation. He also met with the governor of Vietnam’s Khanh Hoa Province.

Savage ended the trip with a private meeting with Quang to discuss Vietnam’s status in cybersecurity. Savage said that Quang was concerned with Vietnam’s position in cybersecurity, but

Savage reassured him that the world of global academic cybersecurity was still relatively new.

“We in the academic computer science world in the United States had not taken cybersecurity seriously until maybe seven or eight years ago,” Savage said.

Earlier this year, Savage was recruited by the Boston Global Forum to advise on the Ise Shima Norms, a set of cybersecurity standards that the group presented to the Japanese government.

Savage said the Boston Global Forum will continue to advise institutions,

companies and possibly the Vietnamese government on issues related to cybersecurity.

“So if you ask me how I will spend my retirement years, I think I will continue to do this kind of stuff,” Savage said.

Students online Online courses offer students unique learning experiences they might miss in a traditional classroom setting, according to multiple sources.

They also “free people from space and time” constraints to pursue education, Sibley said.

Online classes can “take advantage of the fact that Brown students are often scattered throughout the world,” Whitaker said. For example, online courses allow students studying abroad to explore the communities they are in and share first-hand experiences in a way that regular classes on campus do not, she said. In the most recent summer session, the University offered eight online courses to its undergrads, including PHP 1101: “World of Food: Personal to Global Perspectives on Nutrition, Agriculture and Policy” in which students were able to study food consumption and culture in their own communities.

People around the world can also earn certain master’s degrees from Brown through one of the University’s several intensive, online master’s programs, Whitaker said. For example, those in the Executive Master in Cybersecurity program spend 16 months taking mostly online courses to earn their master’s degrees, according to the program’s website.

The main purpose of the cybersecurity program is to leverage current research in cybersecurity to educate

leadership and broaden Brown’s impact beyond campus, said Roberto Tamassia, professor of computer science and executive director of the Executive Master in Cybersecurity program.

Programs such as the Executive Master in Cybersecurity are catered to people who are “well into their careers” but are “looking to enhance their leadership skills or make a positive change,” Whitaker said.

“What immediately appealed to me was the blended learning model because I couldn’t … move somewhere and not work for a couple of years to get a master’s,” said Jay Flanagan EMHL’15, director of clinical transformation and quality improvement at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center. Since healthcare is rapidly changing, Flanagan “needed more information about where healthcare could go” to stay on the “cutting edge of understanding and driving that change,” he said. Flanagan feels he is better equipped in his current job with his EMHL degree, he added.

Students currently taking online classes have been satisfied with their experiences, especially the flexibility of online courses, which allowed them to easily pursue subject areas that fell outside of their concentration.

Shivaali Maddali ’17, a biomedical engineering concentrator, said ENGL 0930: “Introduction to Creative Nonfiction,” an online course she took over the summer, provided her with an opportunity to improve her writing skills, which she didn’t have time to work on

during the regular school year.

Jiahong Sun ’17 said the fact that financial aid covered a summer online class influenced his decision to take one since he still earned a course credit without paying additional costs.

While noting that the online format would work better with some subjects than with others, Leon Lei ’20 said he believes the quality and rigor of the online course he is taking, ENGL 1030A: “The Thoughtful Generalist,” is equivalent to the quality and rigor of traditional classes. Lei also found it easier to participate in his online course because participation occurs through regular, mandatory online discussions, which allows him the time to fully develop his thoughts.

Though participation was a core part of the summer online course Sarah Gilmore ’18 took, she said she still believes that the discussions that occur in a traditional classroom setting are more natural.

the students who identified as being extremely shy in person were often the most eloquent and articulate in her online class assignments and collaborated with their peers more easily.

Additionally, though online classes may have the reputation of being easy, they can be just as intense as traditional ones because of increased accountability, Taylor said.

But some faculty members expressed their reservations about moving toward fully online courses.

“What goes on in the classroom is important,” said Ross Cheit, professor of international and public affairs and of political science, adding that face-toface interaction is “almost impossible to duplicate online.”

Faculty members who choose to teach online courses also need to develop new skills and learn how to use technology, which can be an obstacle, said Kenneth Wong, professor of education policy and chair of the education department. Online education also requires both students and faculty members to adapt to new modes of learning, he added.

But the University’s current expansion of online courses is “a good pilot,” and these courses will “set the pace” for future courses and allow the University to learn how to best manage and utilize online teaching, he said.

The University should also prioritize making online courses “work for Brown’s culture” of intimate classes and liberal learning, Wong added.

COURTESY OF BROWN UNIVERSITY

A recent cybersecurity attack in Vietnam prompted Professor of Computer Science John Savage’s October visit to the country, where he counseled the President of Vietnam, Tran Dai Quang.

Faculty feedback Much like any typical course, participation is a vital component of online courses. When discussing the benefits online courses offer students, Egan stressed that online learning is “incredibly productive” and allows students to engage with the course material “more thoughtfully and deeply” than ever before. Co-director of the nonfiction writing program Elizabeth Taylor, who teaches “The Thoughtful Generalist,” said that in her experience,

TODAY

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 2016 • PAGE 5

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

a funky first-ever performance

menu SATELLITE DINING ANDREWS COMMONS

Pizza: Bacon Chicken Ranch, Pepperoni and Meatball Chipotle Chicken Tacos JOSIAH’S

BLUE ROOM

Make-Your-Own Quesadillas

Soup: Turkey Sausage and Kale Butternut Squash and Apple

DINING HALLS SHARPE REFECTORY LUNCH

DINNER

Beef Tacos, Lemon Rice, Roasted Beets with Red Onions, Curly Fries, Cream Cheese Brownies

Chicken Curry, Curry Rice, Steamed Green Beans, Pumpkin Cheesecake Swirl Bars

VERNEY-WOOLLEY LUNCH

DINNER

Honey Mustard Chicken Sandwich, Pot Pie with Biscuits, Krinkle Cut Fries, Wax Beans

General Tso Chicken Stir Fry, Roast Turkey with Sauce, Green Peas, Boston Cream Donuts

sudoku

ELI WHITE / HERALD

crossword

The World Music Ensemble Concert hosted their first-ever performance at the Granoff Center’s Martinos Auditorium. The ensemble featured an assortment of musical styles, such as Afro-jazz, funk and country.

Q U O T E O F T H E D AY

“Our biggest priority is making students care and believe that UCS is a valid vehicle for change.”

— Viet Nguyen ’17

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Internships in Education 12:00 P.M. Barus and Holley, Dewey Conference Room

BURP Neck/Back Massages (Free) 1:00 P.M. Campus Center, 229

“I’m Jewish and...”

Writing Workshop 6:00 P.M. Brown/RISD Hillel

Resist Hate Brown 7:00 P.M. Salomon Center, 001

TOMORROW Ethical Inquiry Lunch 12:00 P.M. Wilson Hall, 302

Statins and Their Effect on Cognition 1:00 P.M. Rhode Island Hospital

Poetry and Tea with Ama Cadjoe ’99 2:30 P.M. Sarah Doyle Women’s Center

Brown Adaptive Yoga 6:00 P.M. Brown/RISD Hillel, The Glenn and Darcy Weiner Center

COMMENTARY PAGE 6 • TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 2016

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

P IA M I L E A F- PAT E L

comic Camus | David Schurman

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COMMENTARY TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 2016 • PAGE 7

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Absent absentee votes GRACE JOHNSON staff columnist I rode the RIPTA downtown Nov. 8 wearing a white shirt (to salute suffragette pioneers) with the words “cats against catcalls” (to separate my body from President-elect Donald Trump’s pussy-grabbing world) to vote in my first presidential election. My eyes unexpectedly pooled with tears when I slowly colored the bubble next to the first female major party presidential nominee. That title is now almost ironic — a mocking mouthful for too devastating a loss.

This year, we watched an unraveling. For some, partially camouflaged masks of bigotry unraveled. For me, the rope keeping me docked slowly and then uncontrollably unwound, setting me adrift. I can’t quite imagine equality in a country that somehow elected a sexual abuser as president rather than an overqualified, intelligent and reputable woman. Who else could achieve the title Madame President if not Hillary Clinton?

My only sense of control in the weeks before Election Day was over my own vote. I have power in my vote, a privilege that many still do not have. Trump personally attacked my identity as a woman, but women of color and Muslim women, among

other marginalized groups, will face realities that I will never have to experience. I carried the weight of the moment as I rode to the polls, and I carried a fear of the sleeping, angry dragon that Trump awoke.

I had not planned on riding the RIPTA downtown Nov. 8, but the absentee ballot I had requested multiple times was absent from my Brown mailbox. I first requested my Minne-

at all was a helpful Facebook post explaining how Rhode Island residents could register and vote for just president and vice president on Election Day. But still, my conviction to do my civic duty was not enough to successfully vote down the ballot in my own state. That is unacceptable in a modern democracy.

Even if I had received my absentee ballots, the process is not as simple

his box by mistake). But for my brother, finding a Minnesota resident at his school in upstate New York was much more difficult, and he never returned his ballot. Many of my Minnesota friends found the witness requirement to be a surprise and the voting instructions to be confusing. Even trying to figure out which other states have a witness requirement like Minnesota is absurdly difficult — high-

It is ridiculous that my voice against every systemic form of oppression was lost in the mail.

sota ballot in September. I even sent absentee information to my friends who are similarly absent from Minnesota so that they didn’t miss the registration or request deadlines.

But my own ballot never arrived. I requested another mid-October, and by the time I realized it would not arrive, it was too late. It is ridiculous that my voice against every systemic form of oppression was lost in the mail.

The only reason I was able to vote

as it should and could be. For the first time, Minnesota implemented no-excuse voting, which loosens the restrictions on those allowed to vote absentee. This is a step forward in accommodating those who cannot physically show up at polling booths, but mail-in votes still need a Minnesota resident to witness and sign the ballot. For some, the process is feasible — I served as a witness for a first-year from my hometown (though I did write my driver’s license number in

lighting the futility of navigating such rules. Still, I discovered that at least Alabama and Wisconsin have similar requirements. If requiring witnesses is supposed to ensure a larger number of legitimate ballots, eliminating the need for a witness would actually serve our elections better.

Exit polls show that millennial voters generally supported Clinton, which is encouraging for the Democratic Party in future elections, even if you’ve developed national polling

trust issues in the past weeks. College students are an impassioned bunch with a high probability of voting absentee, and they should be able to absolutely and easily vote without the systematic issues we saw this year.

The Blognonian published an article recounting stories of lost ballots, including one student’s discovery that it was Mail Services, in fact, that had lost her ticket. Some students at Harvard flew home to vote when their absentee ballots never arrived . Students at Temple University resigned themselves to not voting at all because ballots were lost.

The absentee ballot process and the trend of lost ballots failed many college students this cycle. But we are a small and relatively privileged bloc, and our lost ballots are one of many greater systemic failures. We have seen horrors this campaign year (electoral college aside) and must now ask: How can we look forward and prevent electing horror when the popular voting system fails us? My ballots still have not traveled to mail services, but so much more has been lost in this election. If they ever do arrive, perhaps it will be an omen that our country can recover any lost progress, but until then, I sit in my drifting boat and watch a burning shore.

Grace Johnson ’19 can be reached at grace_johnson@brown.edu.

Don’t ignore bigotry when addressing polarization AMEER MALIK staff columnist According to the Southern Poverty Law Center, a civil rights organization, “there have been at least 700 cases of hateful harassment or intimidation since the election.” I fear that more hate-fueled incidents like these will occur because the disgusting bigotry that President-elect Donald Trump openly exhibited in his campaign has been condoned and legitimized through his election.

I’m not claiming that everyone responsible for these acts of hate backed Trump — the report explains that some of these acts were committed against Trump supporters. I’m also not claiming that every person who voted for Trump is a bigot. I don’t think people who oppose hatred and intolerance should demonize the people who voted for Trump, many of whom also oppose hatred and intolerance.

Our fellow human beings should be treated with dignity and recognition of their humanity and complexity.

But still, many of the people who voted for Trump must have been aware of the abhorrent statements that he made about numerous marginalized groups and — even if they disapproved — they still sent the message those statements weren’t deal-breakers when casting their ballots. As we move forward and work to bridge the political divisions in our society, we cannot forget or normalize the terrible things that Trump has said. Recent incidents

show that racism, misogyny, homophobia, xenophobia and other forms of intolerance don’t just exist in the realm of ideas or discourse, but translate into dangerous actions.

We need to talk to people in our homes, towns and cities who voted for Trump while drawing an absolute line against the peddling of fear and vitriol that hurts people’s lives. Sometimes, we’ll need to show compas-

In addition to engaging with the people who voted for Trump while disapproving of his views, those of us with the privilege and relative safety to do so need to engage with Trump supporters who do hold harmful beliefs. According to an article written by TaNehisi Coates for the Atlantic, a poll conducted from March to June showed that about 40 percent of people who supported Trump be-

We need to talk to people in our homes, towns and cities who voted for Trump while drawing an absolute line against the peddling of fear and vitriol that hurts people’s lives.

sion and courtesy, while at other times, we’ll need a more confrontational approach. Some people might be fully aware of the harm that Trump’s presidency could cause for many, but others might be unaware or misinformed. The approaches we use when engaging with others will depend on the situations that we find ourselves in, and we shouldn’t dismiss or antagonize people from the start.

lieved “blacks are more violent, more criminal, lazier and ruder than whites” and about two-thirds of supporters at that time believed that President Barack Obama “is not American.” Also, in another article for the Atlantic, Peter Beinart points out that, according to a survey, “Trump supporters in South Carolina were … far more likely than the supporters of other GOP candidates to wish the South had

won the Civil War and to consider whites a superior race.” These views are literally, physically dangerous. To these people, we need to explain why these beliefs are wrong and harmful, if we can. Sometimes, we might be able to convince people to change their views.

Other times, we won’t be able to. But even if we can’t change other people’s minds, we should at least try.

Furthermore, we have to make sure that we protect ourselves and those around us from such stubborn prejudice. This involves reporting hateful incidents. It includes putting pressure on elected officials through letters, phone calls and protests to prevent destructive legislation from being implemented and to oppose members of Trump’s administration who have promoted racist views and policies. It includes working with and donating to justice-seeking organizations that help people who will be most vulnerable during Trump’s presidency due to the policies that his administration might enact and the hate groups who feel emboldened by Trump’s success in the election.

In the years ahead, as we work to bridge the divides in this country, we cannot ignore or downplay the hate and bigotry that are alive in the United States and have been legitimized by the recent election. We have to confront hatred and bigotry directly. As we try to bring this country together, we cannot do it at the expense of doing what is right.

Ameer Malik ’18 can be reached at ameer_malik@brown.edu.

ARTS & CULTURE TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 2016 • PAGE 8

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

‘The Destruction of Memory’ highlights threat to cultural heritage sites Film screened as part of Joukowsky series, aims to open dialogue about preserving heritage sites

By DANIEL WAYLAND SENIOR STAFF WRITER

In the first installment of its “Combating Crisis: New Responses to Cultural Heritage Preservation in the Middle East” series, the Joukowsky Institute for Archaeology hosted a screening of “The Destruction of Memory” Monday night in List Art Center.

Director Tim Slade’s documentary explores the destruction of world heritage sites. “The Destruction of Memory” traces a history that includes cultural extermination in the Armenian Genocide, carpet-bombing in World War II’s European Theatre and targeted attacks of landmarks by the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and ISIS. Equal parts piercing and poignant, the film provides a dynamic opening episode for Joukowsky’s “Combating Crisis” series. Emily Booker GS and Kathryn McBride GS, the students responsible for developing “Combating Crisis,” chose to focus the series on cultural heritage following their research on the Levant region. “The main goal with our whole ‘Combating Crisis’ events series is to have a year-long dialogue about these issues,” Booker said, adding that the series attempts to “not just present people’s research on these issues, but actually consider them in more critical ways.”

A healthy audience arrived at List

Art Center to enjoy the series’ opening salvo. A veteran filmmaker whose work includes the award-winning documentary “4,” Slade explained the impetus for his work in a pre-screening introduction. “I read Robert Bevan’s book, ‘The Destruction of Memory,’ and was struck by this issue of cultural heritage,” Slade said. “Robert’s book opened my eyes to the systematic nature of this problem and that this film shouldn’t just be about the current destruction going on at the hands of ISIS.” Slade wastes little time in revealing his film’s political purpose. Indeed, it opens with dramatic flair as the Smithsonian’s Cultural Heritage Preservation Officer Corine Wegener declares: “The dead are dead, but without our culture, we can’t keep on living.” Wegener’s words set the documentary’s urgent tone, as Slade’s talking heads doggedly recite the persistent and recurrent narrative of cultural heritage site destruction beginning in the early 20th century.

The history lesson could easily descend into a laborious affair if not for Slade’s steady hand. The Australian director keeps his documentary bouncing at a jaunty pace without minimizing the emotional impact of images and footage of cultural genocide, which come in waves and consistently land gut punches.

“The Destruction of Memory” proves quite moving in certain moments. In one vignette, Slade recounts the destruction of the Stari Most bridge in Bosnia during the Balkan Wars in the 1990s. Woven in between images of the bridge pre- and post-bombing,

ELI WHITE / HERALD

Director Tim Slade explains the importance of preserving cultural heritage sites before a screening of his documentary. Slade’s film is the first in the Joukowsky Institute for Archaeology’s “Combating Crisis” series. the voice of the narrator recites a passage from Croatian writer Slavenka Drakulic’s eulogy of the cultural site, reading: “We expect people to die. … The destruction of the monument of civilization is something else. The bridge in all its beauty and grace was meant to outlive us. It was an attempt to grasp eternity.”

Drakulic’s words serve as a kind

of epodic thesis for Slade’s film. At its heart, the act of destroying cultural heritage sites — from the atrocities committed by Djemal Pasha to Hitler to Assad — is an attempt to erase the physical traces of a people’s history. As many of Slade’s commentators argue, and convincingly so, cultural genocide often precedes ethnic cleansing and should thus be treated as an equal crime. In the

film’s final moments, Slade advocates a hardening of international legal codes to prevent militaries from operating with carte blanche in their targeting of cultural heritage sites.

“Combating Crisis” will include future lectures from Army Archaeologist Laurie Rush and Oxford’s Neil Brodie as well as a full-day workshop event in April.

WOMEN’S BASKETBALL

Bruno ends three-game losing streak with win over Binghamton Defense, season-high 29 points by Shayna Mehta ’19 power Bears to victory at home

By NICHOLAS WEY SENIOR STAFF WRITER

The women’s basketball team faced Binghamton Sunday looking for a victory to get its season back on track.

After a three-game losing streak to multiple non-conference opponents — including in-state rivals Bryant — the Bears (3-3, 0-0 Ivy) went into the weekend with a clear sense of urgency.

Their efforts paid off. Brown took home an 83-72 victory over the Bearcats (1-5), the third time this season that the Bears have scored over 80 points in a single game.

“It was our first long road trip, but we stayed focused the whole weekend,” said veteran guard Megan Reilly ’18. “We felt confident heading into the game and knew that if we played together we’d come out with a (win).”

After a brief Thanksgiving holiday, the team came back to Providence early to return to work and get into the right mindset for its weekend contest.

“We had two great practices in preparation,” Reilly said. “Everyone came back excited and ready to go.”

From the onset, the team’s focus showed, with the Bears putting up 20 points in the first quarter. Multiple players contributed to this effort,

ELI WHITE / HERALD

Erika Steeves ’19 scored 18 points in Bruno’s 83-72 win over Binghamton Sunday. The Bears relied on scoring from their starting five during the second half and strong defense in the fourth quarter to secure the win. including Taylor Will ’19, who scored seven points in the first frame.

But in the second quarter, Bruno’s offense faltered, with only 13 points scored in the entire period. It would be the team’s lowest scoring quarter of

the game, and by the halftime buzzer, Binghamton had taken a 37-33 lead.

But the Bears rallied in the second half. In the third quarter, Bruno’s offense surged once again with 22 points. Brown also showcased a full

period of lockdown defense, holding the Bearcats to only 10 points in the third. By the end of the quarter, Bruno had taken a 55-47 lead.

“We came out strong in the second half,” Reilly said. “And we started to

heat up. (Shayna Mehta ’19) had an unbelievable second half and finished with 29 points. (Erika Steeves ’19) also had a great game, scoring 18 points and grabbing 18 boards. Taylor was assigned to Binghamton’s best player, and she did an awesome job, holding her to only five points in the second half.”

In the fourth quarter, Brown only added to an eight-point lead, with a 22-7 run that was capped off by a late-game jumper by Mehta to put the Bears up by nine with 2:58 remaining.

Binghamton forced Bruno to the line repeatedly as the clock counted down to zero but to no avail. The Bears went 23-for-26 in free throws down the stretch and closed out their 83-72 victory by sinking 10 from the free-throw line.

The Bears will continue their season this weekend against the University of Rhode Island in the first round of the Ocean State Tip-Off Tournament.

“If we continue to stay focused, share the ball and play hard on both ends of the floor, I have a lot of confidence that we will do well,” Reilly said.

The Bears will start Ivy League play, with a conference double-header against Princeton and Penn Jan. 13 and Jan. 14, respectively.

“We have been doing much better lately but still need to continue to work on the little things, like skill work and defensive positioning,” Reilly said. “We really needed this win, and it’ll give us the momentum we need.”