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ECONOMY: NOW PRIVATI�ATION IS FOR REAL

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CARDOSO YEARS BEHAVIOR: PLAYING BINGO WAITING FOR CASINOS TRAVEL: CEARA- A LAND OF COWBO YS AND FISHERMEN

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NEWS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

This issue might be called The Per ilsofBeing Femando.Brazil has elected two Femandos in a row for the presi dency. The first one, the Colior, mrived on the tail of a typhoon vowing to end corruption and make Brazil join the first world. He didn't resist much and ended up making hist01y, becoming the first Brazilian President to be im peached. There are all kinds of Femandos. The new one, the Cardoso, came almost unnoticed tiding a moming breeze. In his pocket, no menaces, no shocks, no

surprises. Femando Henrique Cardoso, Femando the Sociologist, has been pre siding Brazil since January I. Even against the bureaucracy and some min istiies that he had promised to implode, Femando the Peace Maker decided to take his time, in order to avoid any trauma. Femando the Wise wanted a cabinet of luminaries, but he is leaming fast that in the world of politics you compromise here if you wish to get there. And Femando the Diplomat has many lofty goals. It is not easy being Femando, the Cardoso kind anyway. The expectations smrounding his administration are so high that he'd better be Femando the Miracle Maker. If hefulfills all the dreams he has created he wouldn't be doing

more than his obligation. But he fails here and there is doubtful that any par don would be forthcoming. The other Fernando has also been back in the news. The Supreme Court has concluded that he is mnocent of the charges of conuption. The decision has provoked a collective 'Oh, no!' all over the countly. And when people thought Collor was broke and depressed, he surprised the world going skiing in Aspen, Colorado, followed by a tour of Europe. All of this, just a few weeks after the sudden death, in New York, of Pedro, the brother whose indiscretions caused his fall from the presidency, and while the Mello's matiiarch continues in a two-year comma. Many tragedies are w1itten with less pathos. R.M. ·

Coyer The Cardoso era starts

Conto One by Edla Van Steen

Weber is king

Visa lottery rules

Inauguration address

All the president's men

Brasilia's new style

Back to the Alvorada

Privatize now

Cover: Fe rnando H. Cardoso

Getting ready for casinos

DEPARTMENTS

The boy from Rio

Rapidinhas 14 Letters 44

Brazilian Notas �6 The Cultural Pulse �7 Por ai

Travel Ceara, much more than sun and sand

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Classifieds 50 U.S.A. Calendar 52 That's Brazilian

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Collors' farce and tragedy

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Publisher and Editor: Rodney Mello /Associate Editor: Carlos Ravelo /Entertainment Editors :Sam & Harriet Robbms/Reporter: Francine Alexander /Book Review: Bondo Wyszpolski I Representatives: MIAMI: Tania Mahon (305) 253-4201 - NEW YORK: C.A.T.S. Custom Advertisi and Tour Services 746-0169 -SAN FRANCISCO: Fe I lhaes 648-5966 -Founder: Gilberto Ferreira NEWS from BRAZIL is published monthly by News from Brazil - 2039 N. Ave. 52, Los Angeles, CA, 90042-1024. Application to mail at second class p ostage rate is pending at Los Ang eles , CA. Single copy sold for $2. One year subscription for 12 issues is $3.00 (three dollars) in the U.S., $ 15in Canada and Mex1co, and $18 in all other countries. Allow 4 to 6 weeks to receive your first issue. Permission is hereby given to quote from or reprint any of the contents with proper copyright credit. Editorial submissions are welcome. We occasionally reprint articles originally published by Correio Braziliense. News from Brazi/assumes no responsibility for any claims made by its advertisers.

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NEWS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

RRPIDINHRS All businesswoman Joyce Maria da Concei�lio

wants now is to forget. If only she could stop thinking about having eaten a liver casserole in a

then raped three chickens,

restaurant in the city of

which eventually died.

Campinas, state of Sao

This is an unpredictable

Paulo. It took sometime

maniac who might start

until she discovered that

attacking women any

the plate she had enjoyed

time." And how to lock

so much was human liver,

him up? Since it cannot be

the liver of Cicero da

for rape. it might be for

Silva, a mechanic who

vandalism.

been shot and knifed dead. Contractor Ubiratan de

Starting in April, all of

Menezes, the alleged

Brazil will be able to get a

killer, sold his enemy's

ride on Internet's super

liver to a restaurant owner

highway, joining 30

claiming that it was from

million people already on

deer. He was one of the

the road. Until December,

patrons who tasted the

when the access to

human delicacy. As for

Internet was open to 1,000

Joyce, although still

clients in an experimental

shocked, she never

phase, the service had

considered foul play. "The

been the privilege of a few

taste of a man's liver is

universities and big

similar to the one from

companies. From Rio,

animals like a cow or a

Embratel, the telecommu

chicken," she confided.

nications monopoly, is already sending its

As if there weren't enough

Internet signals to the

complaints against abus

planet at large.

ers, batterers and molest ers, including a rapist who

It's summer and once

has already attacked 35

more Brazilians are going

women in the federal

crazy about ice cream.

capital. Brasilia's Woman

Look at some of the

Care Department has been

varieties being offered for

called to help catch a

'95: cookie, apple pie.

chicken rapist. And how

kiwi, filbert, margarita,

did a case like that end up

musk. In the ethylic line

with the Department?

there are whiskey, vodka

Debora Menezes, the

and pifia colada ice

director of the center

creams. Another craze is

answers. "He was seen in

to place the fruity treat

chicken coop in Lago Sui

inside its own peel, like

(an upscale area) where he

the tangerine ice-cream

calmly sat on a stone and

inside the tangerine. Yes, you will still be able to find some strawberry or vanilla.

Nam Venanc1o 1n lnctdente em Antares 6

NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

manager answered: "Brazilian tourists." In the Representative Luis Eduardo Magalhlles promises to end a perk gives every federal legislator a monthly round-trip ticket from Brasilia to Rio. The practice started when the capital had to move and many representatives had to deal with unfinished

last two weeks of 1994 alone, 25,000 tourists have flown from Sao Paulo to New York, the immense majority to shop. With the valuation of the real vis-a vis the dollar, a tourist package to New York is cheaper than one to the Northeast. And there is all this status stuff.

business in the marvelous city. Only the move has happened 35 years ago. Salomon Brothers, one of the world's biggest investment banks, has recommend that its clients transfer their investments from Mexico to Brazil. If the advice is heeded, $5 billion in fresh funds might arrive in Brazil this year.

Cien Anos de Criatividad - Latin American Women Artists, an exhibit of Latin

American art that will travel throughout the US this year, has seven Brazilians -from a total of 40 artists- included in it. They are Tomie Ohtake, Lygia Clark, Leda Catunda, Mira Schendel, Jac Leirner, Tarsila do Amaral and Anita Mafalti, all of them

The best American cowboy is now a Brazilian vaqueiro. Adriano

heavyweights. The Mil waukee Art Museum is behind the colorful feast.

Moraes, from Matao, Sao Paulo state, not only won the Las Vegas National Final Rodeo, the most important rodeo in the US, but also was able to mount

Arguably the greatest poet the Portuguese language ever had, Portugal's Fernando Pessoa was also a gifted ad maker. This

all his ten bulls without

surprising revelation is in

ever falling. Only two

65 Years of Advertising, a

Americans had achieved such feat before: Jim Sharp in 1988 and Norman Curry in 1990.

book just released in Portugal by the McCann Erickson ad agency. According to the book, Pessoa came up with the

Answering an NBC reporter who wanted to know why there was an

first slogan Coca-Cola adopted in the country. "Primeiro estranha-se,

explosion of sales at New

depois entranha-se" ("First

York's Bloomingdale's, a

you wonder, then it gets to you,) was the bard's creation.

NEWS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

However, his influence was apparent throughout the selec

since June. NO CHANGE, THAT'S THE CHANGE- Opposition to Cardoso became very diluted after his alliance with the PFL (Liberal Front Party), a rightist body. The leftist PT (Workers' Party) promises to be in the opposition, but Cardoso has been one of the inspirers of the party since its inception. Curi

tion process, even when it was time to choose names for the second echelon. "No one was indicated for important posts in the financial area without my endorsement," he boasted. Is he now going to be interfer ing in the work of his aides? He answers, "To govern is to ac knowledge competence. The president doesn't need to ad minister details, as important as they might be, when other people can be in charge of them." But there will not be margin for mistakes. "If a min ister fails he will be immedi atelyreplaced," Cardoso warns. FHC himself seems to be lieve that finally Brazil will be deserving of Austrian novelist and essayist Stefan Zweig's book, who in 1941 wrote "Bra zil, Country of the Future". Brazilian themselves have been complairung of doing for so long what's said in its national

anthem, "eternally laid in a splendid cradle". The little problem there is that the new President has sworn to uphold and defend a Constitution that he himself spurns, despite the fact that he contributed to its shaping. One of his main goals will be to rewrite it and to com plete in not more than six months. To govern the way he wants. Cardoso knows that he must keep the Plano Real, which took him to Palacio do Planalto, alive and well. That will be a hard and painful process, how ever, since the plan counts for its survival on the introduction of new legislation and on the rewriting of the constitution itself. To tinker with the con stitution, the president needs 3/5 of the House of Represen tatives' members on his side. Alliances and the granting of second and third echelon posts seem to have given him this impressive and necessary ma jority. FHC doesn't want to repeat the same mistake of the other president Fernando, the Collor de Mello, who ended up im peached and who dreamed of establishing direct contacts 10

with society without having to deal with parties and politicians. Everything seems to be in his favor. Just in case, while he can't see a concrete proof of his supporters' fidel ity, Cardoso intends to govern by decree. Utilizing MPs (Provisional Measures), the same instrument that was used to create the Plano Real, the president intends to push his agenda immediately even without the con sent of the Congress. The MP was created by the 1988 Constitution. which says in Article 62 that this measure can be used by the president" in case of relevance and urgency." The wording is vague enough to allow mea sures like the one taken by Collor de Mello, who used the MP to freeze banking accounts at the start of the Collor Economic Plan. MPs have to be re-issued every 30 days, but this hasn't been a problem for the Real,

ously Cardoso, assumes the presidency as the successor of himself. It was his Plano Real that gave new life to a govern ment that seemed destined to doom and made him into a known politician. Those aides who are closest to Cardoso say that Franco, the former presi dent who left office with a record 88% index of popular ity. didn't make his successor but that Cardoso made his pre decessor. The recent economic earth quake in Mexico a n d t h e brusque devaluation of the peso has shaken some convictions even inside Cardoso's kitchen cabinet, although for public consumption they continue to present themselves with big smiles and rosy projection charts. Brazil is no Mexico, they say, pointing to the

$40

billion the country owns in ex change reserve and a 4.5% pro jected GNP growth for this year. It's true that inflation was still

2.19% for the month of De cember, very little when you

which has been maintained from MP to MP

know this index was 40% six months before. Only during this month of

The barefoot

February will the Cardoso team be able to show how strong is

way of life is out. In Intellectual talk

Out Idle talk

Pizzeria Castcloes

Br:mlo Barbecue

(in S. Paulo) Croissant Opera Tea Concerts Weber. Marx

(in Minas G erais) Cheese bread Boleros Coffee on thermos A mo,·ie at home The comic stnp

Carna,·al in Ubatuba

Rio Carna\ al

Paulistas

.\fliH'Iros

International trips Whiskey Etiquette Kmpe r /Ia 11se

A trip home Draft beer Lack of protocol hwrest (iump

the conviction of its new allies. The new Congress will have to vote troublesome questions such as changes in Social Se curity, a revamping of the tax collecting system and the open ing of state communications, energy, and oil monopolies - to private capital. The big change in Brasilia these days is that there is no change. Presidencies have be come famous for their explo sive and unexpected measures called "impact packages". It was through one of these pack ages, for example. that Collor de Mello, started his governNEWS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

ment with a boom, freezing prices and the savings of the country. The fear of these measures was feeding a frenetic dance of inflation, since the merchants wanted to be pre pared for the next surprise, re marking their prices according to this expectation. With Cardoso, Brazil starts what's been called the Era of the Process. No more secret plans. Everything should be done under the sun and in the sight of every body. In this new spirit, the cabi nets weren't cut to pieces as feared by the coming administrative re fornl. Only two ministries were summarily trimmed. However, a real novelty is that there aren't ministers at Palacio do Planalto anymore. Fernando Henrique has decided that the chiefs of the civil ian and military staff as well as the General Secretary of the Presi dency and the Chief of the SAE (Strategic Matters Secretary) will not have a minister glued at their names anymore. For some tasks at least, the President seems to think that he will have enough time. De cember 31, 1998, will be Cardoso's latest day in office, unless the rules of reelection are changed and he gets another shot at the presidency. In a sample of things to come, the President imposed his personal touch starting with the celebra tions of his inauguration. More than 300 of the guests to the inau guration party, including 13 for eign personalities, were chosen or selected directly by Cardoso. lt was also the president's idea to have a popular music show atpraya dos Tres Poderes, the place where the buildings for the executive, legislative and judicial powers are situated. THE AMERICANS AS MOD ELS - Fernando Henrique even chose the musicians who partici pated in the spectacle, including Bahiana (from Bahia) singer sen sation Daniela Mercury and a chorinho

band. He also decided

that the dress code for his party was full formal, meaning that men needed a tuxedo and women a long dress. As for the president, he didn't make any special tuxedo for the occasion. It was the same that he had worn in December during a reception given Latin American leaders in Miami by President Bill Clinton during the Americas' SumNEWS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

mit. It was the same tuxedo worn

The new President is taking

outfit had been in Cardoso's closet

more than a few hints from the

for close to two years. He had

American presidency. He has

ordered it from a Rio tailor after

prohibited a common practice

9eing named Foreign Minister by former President !tamar Franco.

among the broadcasting media that used to place microphones

The tuxedo was made with a piece

with their station's logos. From

F ernando

now on, only official micro

cloth

given

Henrique by a friend, what serves

phones with no identification

to confinu his fame as very re

will be allowed.

strained when he has to spend his own money.

can practice, the President will

In another bow to Ameri

He rejected the idea of his aides

talk officially in a tribune dis

that he stay at a separate table and

playing the arms of the Repub

opted instead for a buffet service

lic and only will enter the scene

where he could circulate freely

at the scheduled time and after

among the around 5,000 guests.

everyone is already in place.

It's also curious that a man who

The reporters will have t o

has been called an atheist chose to

present themselves, telling their

participate in a religious ecumeni

names and the company they

cal ceremony in the Cathedral of

work for.

Brasilia, a practice that his more

Cardoso says that he will

religious predecessors had abol

make speeches and statements

ished.

better this way," he said.

on so many other occasions. The

only when necessary and will

Cardoso also ended up inherit

not talk when this might scare

ing a cmcifix from his predeces

the country. "Brazil is tired of

sor. After having removed his

alarms." But he promises regu

mother's and two daughters' pic

lar press conferences. "I think

tures from the desk drawers,

this contact with the press is

Hamar Franco. under the eyes of

very important. They will be

Cardoso, tried to pull out a wood

more to explain. to tell why the

cmcifix nailed to the wall that he

President did something and

had been given by a friend.

not something else."

"Fernando." he said, "I've tried

In what promises to be very

everything to pull out this cruci

controversial and hard to en

fix, but I haven't been able to."

force, the new president is start

The soon-to-be President. shook

ing a revolution in the way

his head with resignation. ''It's

politicians are treated by the

OK. Leave it there. It will be

administration. Fernando HenNEWS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

rique has declared that he will not receive representatives or senators in audience.

lunch and dinner, he appreciates pasta and meat. However, like former Ameri

dren - Paulo Henri que, Luciana and Bea

Former president Jose Samey used to reserve Thursday mornings to receive

can President George Bush who re fused to eat broccoli, Cardoso will pass

triz- when young, to come home late at night. However, he isn't the kind who shows af fection in public. About his courtship and mar

politicians for what has been called the "president's hand kissing." Cardoso's contact with the parties will happen through their leaders, during a weekly meeting, when the presidents of the parties will be able to present the requests of the legislators. The idea is to strengthen the parties and end up with the pork barrel by retail. THE FOLKSY SIDE OF A GREAT MIND - In his first week as President, Cardoso had a hint of how hard politi cians can play when dissatisfied. In a blackmail scheme, the senators dragged their feet for more than a week threaten ing to not confirm Persio Arida, the President's choice for President of the Central Bank, unless there was an amnesty for Humberto Luce na, the leader of the Senate who has been impeached by

when facing such vegetables as okra or

ji/6 (a green and bitter legume the size of a small tomato). At 63, FHC has been subject to six surgeries: hernia of the diaphragm, ap pendicitis, gall bladder, tonsils, and two eyelid liftings. At home, Cardoso is known to help occasionally with little chores like cleaning the table or straightening up the mess left by visit ing grandchildren. But don't ask him to wash the dishes. According to friends, Fernando Henrique seems more like a British dad than a Brazilian one. He was always liberal, allowing his chi!-

islative post. Cardoso decided not to be intimidated by the threat and ended up winning this f irst match.

arm-wr estling

However, his biggest chal lenge could be in his own cabinet. Contrary to admoni tions made by Fernando Henrique, his ministers were publicly venting their dis agreement with each other. He also had to intervene di rectly when his Communica tions minister, Sergio Motta, attacked Roberto Marinho. owner ofGlobo network, con sidered the most powerful man in Brazil.

like two friends than a couple in love. "In more than 20 years, I have never seen Fernando with any of his chil dren on his lap," says friend Jose Gregori.

•

INTERNATIONAL TOURS LOS ANGELES INC.

(213) 613-0943 (310) 641-4894 (714) 668-1175 (714) 668-051 5 Espafiol

the Superior Electoral Tribu nal. Lucena, who was con sidered guilty of illegally using the Senate printing facilities, was reelected to the Senate last October, but will not be able to resume his leg-

riage with anthropolo gist Ruth Cardoso, it has been said that they always seemed more

•

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The sophisticated intel lectual also has his folksy side. According to his cook Paraibana (from the state -

of Paraiba) Therezinha Barbosa de Morais, 47, who has been with the Cardosos for 17 years - the president's

favorite dessert is fried· banana with sugar and cinnamon. Fernando Henrique, who likes to eat well, has always fruit for breakfast. For NEWS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

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Acabo de receber OS doiS tdtunos n(uneros de News from Brazil e quero parabenizar e agradeccr ao sr Arsenio Fornaro pela importante infonnayao sobre ondas curtas. Obrigado, sr. Arsenio. Obrigado, News fi·om Brazil.

Letters

Etluartlo Gon:.ale::. Florence, Orego11

My last dar riliny \our m southern Brazil was spent at the Porto Alegre airport. I was killing time in the airport's small p�stelaria (pastry shop) when three ch.tldren approached, gave hesi tant sm1les and asked for my spare change. With the help of my dictionary pa per, pencil and enthusiasm, we' ex changed ideas for half an hour. They were curious about the States and I was interested in their lives. After we talked I pulled out my change, about one real ($1.20) and divided it up. The children thanked me and smiled good-by. . When I went to t!1e papelaria (sta tionary) the three ch1ldren were in the store looking at the toys. 1 took some sheets of paper and went to the cashier: The bill was 30 centavos (cents) and I had only a 10 real note. The store's cashier was quite dis gusted with me because of the amount she had to reh1rn as change and a seri ous discussion began. One of the chil dren, with a knowmg smile on his face, walked up to the cashier and paid my bill. Chris Fieltls Dal•is, Califomia

ects about our I part1cularl y liked the 1 994 presi dential election. By the way, are you gomg to talk about the trial of Fernando Collor? I heard that he wasn't consid ered guilty. Octth•ia Moy Sa11 Fra11cisco, Calijor11ia

Mi!iii�U:t:J•ll� 4-ti� I

I'm a Braziian tlv w1o has been spending a few days In Los Angeles. When I saw News }rom Brazil, I said to myself, 'Great.· Now I want to send a gift to a friend in Pennsylvania. I didn't cut the coupon because I want to take the whole magazine to Brazil. Sorry. Jacyra Bello Los Angeles, Califomia

Yours IS a very mlonnahve publica tion. Keep up the great work. By the way an interesting interview would be with Sergio Mielmczenko who works for the Brazilian consulate in Los Angeles, be sides doing a radio program on KPFK. He could tell some music history, I'm sure. ilfichele Loren:.o Sau Diego, Califomia

l:lwl#li«•1�1i:1:aM!11C'ffltJ:JI:I�

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The FHC Era

Justice for all Excerpts from FHC's inauguration address "Mine will be a government for everybody. But if we need to end the privilege of a few to do justice to the immense majority of Brazilians, have no doubt: I will be on the side of the majority.( ... ) We will need to disturb many hornets' nests to accomplish the clean-up and to make the structural reform needed to give efficiency to public services." THE FUTURE Without arrogance but with absolute conviction. I say. 'This country is going to make it'. Not because of me. but because of all of us. Not only because of our dreams- due to our immense desire to see Brazil succeeding- but because the moment has matured and Brazil has everything to make it.

DEMOCRACY To today's youngsters who painted their faces and took over the streets, demanding decency from their leaders, as well as to the people from my generation, who have learned the value of freedom after having lost it, democracy is a definitive conquest. We have recovered our belief in development. It's not only a simple question of hope anymore. It's not a fleeting euphoria due to the two good years we've just had. This year will be better. The next one, better yet."

TIME TO GROW There is no serious expert who predicts for Brazil something else than a long period of growth. The international conditions are favorable. The weight of the foreign debt doesn't suffocate. Here at home. our economy is like a healthy plant after a long drought. ( ... )Our executives were able to innovate, they were able to rebuild their factories and offices. they were able to overcome difficulties. Brazilian workers were able to face the hardships of arbitrariness and recession and the challenge of the new technologies. The time arrived to grow and blossom. More important: today we know what the government has to do to sustain the growth of the economy. And we will do it. As it happe ns, we are already doing it.

THE PREDECESSOR Without giving up a millimeter of our freedom, without breaking agreements or bruising any rights, we halted superinflation. We owe this not only who those who redrew the course of the economy, but also to President Itamar Franco, who won Brazilians' respect by his simplicity and honesty.

THE MAIN GOAL We lack social justice. This is the great challenge of Brazil at the end of this century. This will be the number one goal of my administration. ( ...)Like the movement for the abolition of slavery, the movement for reforms is not against anybody.(...) But, contrary to Nabuco (Joaquim Nabuco - 1849-1910- a writer and politician who dedicated his life to abolish slavery in Brazil), for me it is very clear that my mandate came from the free vote of my fellow citizens. From the majority of them, independent of their social origin. But it also came, and in a great amount, from the excluded ones; from those Brazilians who were paying the inflation bill 路without any way to defend themselves. (...)Mine will be a government for everybody. But if we need to end the privilege of a few to do justice to the immense majority of Brazilians, have no doubt: I will be on the side of the majority.

OPEN ARMS We also see with satisfaction that there is an increase of interest in Brazil from other countries. Quickly, in pace with the rhythm of communications and the opening of the Brazilian economy, we are leaving behind xenophobic attitudes that were more effect than cause of our relative isolation in the past.

DEFENSE As the commander-in-chief of our Armed Forces. I will be attentive to their needs of modernization, so they can reach operational levels in conforn1ity with our strategic stature and with Brazil's international commitments. In order to accomplish this, I will entrust the Armed Forces with new duties besides those they already have. And I will determine the presentation of proposals, based on studies to be conducted in conjunction with the Navy, the Army and the Air Force, to achieve the gradual adaptation of our defense forces according to the demands of the future.

FOREIGN RELATIONS We will value to the utmost the universal condition of our presence, politically as well as economica}ly. A condition 16

NEWS from BRAZIL路 FEBRUARY 1995

that allows us to deepen our participation in the programs of regional integration, starting with the Mersocul, as well as to explore the dynamism of the Unified Europe, NAFTA, Asia and Pacific. And still identify areas with new potential such as post-apartheid South Africa.

the approval of Congress for the change in the Constitution and the laws ( ... ) and without a mobilization of the public opinion, the good intentions will die with speeches. We need to find new ways in order for society to participate in the process of changes. We Brazilians are a united people. Let's make from this sensitivity the spring for a great national self-help work

Without forgetting our international relations with the African continent and countries such as China, Russia, India, that, for their continental dimension, face problems similar to ours in the effort for an economic and social development.

GREAT BRAZIL

collective, uniting government and community, in order to sweep hunger and misery off Brazil's

I believe that Brazil has a reserved place in the next century among the most successful countries in this planet. I am convinced that the only important obstacles that we will face to occupy this place comes from our internal imbalances, from the extreme disparities between regions and social groups. We know that the development of a country in our

Let's ensure a decent life for our children, taking them form the abandon of the streets and, mostly, putting an end to the shameful massacres of children and youngsters. To all fellow citizen

map.

STREET CHILDREN

of our Brazil once again I appeal for much faith, much hope, much love, much work. I call on you • to change Brazil.

days is not measured by the amount of things it produces.

ART

CULTURE

Our intellectuals, our artists and our cultural produc ers are the genuine expres sion of our people. I want to back them and give them con ditions so they will be build ers of the citizenry. Because the citizenry, besides being a

right of the individual, is also the pride of belonging to a country which has it own val ues and style.

PRIORITIES The priorities that I have proposed to the voter, and that were approved by the majority, are those that impact directly on peoples' quality of life: job, health, security, education, food production. The creation of jobs will come with the resumption of our growth.

(...)

Access to hospitals, re spect for the patient, elimi nation of unnecessary wait, combat against waste and fraud are elements as indis pensable to good health man agement as the existence of adequate money. ( ... ) The school has to become the cen ter of the teaching process once again. Enough of build ing pharaonic schools to fill them up with ill prepared and ill paid teachers.

CALL TO ACTION We will need to disturb many hornets' nests to ac complish the clean-up and to make the structural reform needed to give efficiency to public services. But without NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

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The FHC era

All the 26

The dream team Despite all his promises of a new era in the way of doing politics, the cabinet set up by president Fernando Henrique Cardoso, ended up being a compromise between his ideal crew and the one possible, according to political circumstances.

president's men and one woman Jose Serra (Planning), 52, from Sao Paulo. Senator, re spected economist, had his name presented in past administrations for the Finance Ministry. Former UNE (National Students Union) p r e s i de nt,

Pedro Malan (Finance), 51, from Rio. Engineer with a Ph.D.

ROPOLFO ESPINOZA When the first official picture of Cardoso's cabinet was taken, there were not only faces of Adib Jatene(the Health Minister) that the president had loudly wished for. Jatene. a doctor who was Health Minister during the Fernando Collor de Mello administra tion, has been used by FHC as a symbol of competence and expertise. Fernando Henrique ended up doing a job of political engineering with his high level personnel, in order to attain a greater good: majority in Congress. In the process, the composition of the high echelons of government seemed like a remake of a film with the same actors of the original from 20 years ago, only in different roles. Cardoso promised a government of continuity. "It is a presidency of continuism," grumbled some sharp tongues. Minister Dorothea Wemeck, for example, just went from one side to the other of the table, leaving the camp of Labor Ministry employees and going to defend the employers in the Ministry of Industry and Com merce. The cabinet composition reflects the alphabet soup that en tered into the political smorgasbord, making possible such an impressive victory for Cardoso in the first round of the elections. It confirmed the existing link between the PSDB (Party of the Brazilian Social Democracy), the president's party, and the PFL (Party of Liberal Front) and the PTB (Brazilian Laborite Party). And it also made it possible to draw the biggest party, the PMDB (Party of the Brazilian Democratic Movement) into the President's fold. With the PSDB, PFL and PTB alone, Cardoso would be short 37 votes in the House, and 11 in the Senate. The negotiations were not easy and at times FHC seemed ready to give up, as when he wanted to use his friend Nelson Jobim, who is from the PMDB in the quota of that party - for their help the parties were promised a determined amount of positions- and ended up getting stoned by the peemedebistas. Jobim got a job as Justice Minister, and after long negotiations with the PMDB, he also was counted on the party's quota. In a cabinet supposedly without stars, Senator Jose Serra-he was elected to the senate with 6 million votes, in the same election that put Cardoso in Brasilia-chosen for the post of Minister of Planning has a position very close to a super minister. There was pressure from Sao Paulo industry to place him in that position, but it seems that Fernando Henrique made his decision based mainly on t\le President's long-term goals. All the Paulista (from Sao Paulo) antipathy Serra has amassed in his own party for his sometimes dictatorial positions and for not attending to regional interests in the Northeast, was not enough to convince Cardoso not to use him. As for surprises, the only big one was the selection of Pele as Extraordinary Mini�ter of Sports. FHC explained the reasoning behind his choice: "Pele is the symbol of Brazil that worked and came from below." Thanks to this good shot, Cardoso won valuable free publicity all �ver the world. 18

w a s exiled w ith

Cardoso in the 60's and helped to found the PSDB. Workaholic, he was a success as the Planning Secretary for Sao Paulo State.

in economics from Berkeley. During the m ilitary regime was one of the main critics of the development model adopted at the time. A former negotiator of the Brazilian foreign debt, he was the presi dent of the Central Bank during Itamar Franco's administration.

Sergio Motta (Communica tions), 53, from Sao Paulo. En gineer, he is a successful execu tive who own Hidrobrasileira, a contracting company. Ex-leader of Ac;ao Popular, a leftist Catho lic organization that opposed the military regime. Personal friend and business partner of Cardoso, his presence in the cabinet was assured since he coordinated the victorious campaign of Fernando Henrique. Famous for his organizational capacity

Paulo Rcnato Souza (Education), 49, from Rio Grande do Sui, but made career in Sao Paulo. Economist, former repre sentative of Brazil before the Inter-American Bank of Devel opment, everybody thought he would be Minister of Planning, but he ended up losing that post in the final stretch. Personal friend of Cardoso for more than 20 years. .. ,.,,_,�

Adib Jatcne (Health), 65, from Acre, but made career in Sao Paulo. World-renowned sur geon and cardiologist, he alien ated himself from private hospi tal owners when Health Minister during Collor de Mello's admin-

istration. He is the director of Sao Paulo's Instituto do Corac;ao(Heart Institute). With out party affiliation, he is a friend of Sao Paulo mayor Paulo Maluf(on the right) and Luiz Jm\cio Lula da Silva from the PT Worker's Party -(on the left), who was the presidential candidate defeated by FHC. NEWS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

Francisco Correa Weffort (Cul ture), 56, from Sao Paulo. Another dear friend of Cardoso (for 39 years), he is one of the most important ideologues of the PT. Sociologist and professor of political sciences at USP (University of Sao Paulo). he has been a Marxist all his life, but is now defending a much bigger participation of the private sector to help fund cultural activities. Surprise choice. Weffort abandoned the PT to accept the post. Reinhold S teJlhanes(Social Wel fare),55,from Santa Catarina. Econo mist with specialization in Public Ad ministration in Germany, he occu pied the same post during the Collor administration. From the PFL (Party of the Liberal Front) he was included in the quota given the party for helping FHC win the election. He has been elected four times as a representative for Parana state: R a im u ndo Mendes de Brito r., (Mines and Energy), -l6, from Bahia. Lawyer with specialization in Eco nomics Law. From the quota of PFL ' senator Antonio Carlos Magalhaes. who made life much easier for candi.......

date Cardoso in the Northeast. He will be in charge of some of the most important Brazilian state companies such as Petrobras. Eletrobras and Companhia Vale do Rio Doce. Jose Israel Vargas (ScJCnce and Technology), 66, from Minas Gerais. Chemist with a doctorate in nuclear physics, he is a professor at the Fed eral University of Minas Gerais and was the president of the Science and Technology Committee of the Inter-

national Organization of Work. He occupied

reviSIOn, last year. Also from the PMDB, he has been a House Repre sentative twice. He almost didn't get a place in the Cabinet; but Cardoso, his good friend, was able to convince the PMDB to allow his inclusion in the quota the party was entitled. Jose Ed uardo Andrade Vieira (Agricul ture), 56, from Parana. Successful businessman, he is the main stock holder of the financial conglomerate Bamerindus, the third biggest Brazil ian private bank. Vieira was the Min ister of Industry and Commerce dur .1 ing Itamar Franco's administration. A Senator, he is also national president of his party, the PTB. The ruralists, from different parties, but all with rural interests, have criti _

cized his indication, saying that Agriculture shouldn't be in the hands of somebody from the financial sector. Luiz Felipe Lampreia (Foreign Relations), 53, from Rio. Career dip lomat, he has worked in diplomatic missions in Geneva, Washington, the United Nations, and he also was the ambassador in Lisbon, Portugal,from 1990 to 1992. He has announced that the Brazilian diplomacy has started a new era, one headed by what he calls "presidential diplo macy." Dorothea Wernec k ( I ndust ry and Commerce), 46, from Minas Gerais. Economist, with a Ph.D. from Boston College, she was Labor Minister dur ing the Jose Sarney's administration. and Economy Secretary for President Collor de Mello. Werneck is a very active member of the PSDB and known as a

the same position during Itamar Franco's ad

skillful negotiator with free access among in

ministration.

dustrial organizations as well as among labor

Gustavo Krause (Environment and Hydric Resources), 48, from Pernambuco. Finance Minister at the beginning of !tamar Franco adminis

unions. Famous for her copious laughter and sense of humor. The only woman in the cabinet. Paulo de Tarso deAimeidaPaiva (Labor). 52,from Minas Gerais. With a degree in geography, his special

tration, he was twice elected to the House of Representatives. but lost the dispute for governor of Pernambuco. F amous for his sense of humor, Krause is a carnava/esco and has founded his own

ization is demography, a subject he studied at University of Pennsylva nia where he got a Ph.D.. Secretary of Planning for the state of Minas, he

Carnaval band called I Adore Cellulite.

was included in the cabinet thanks to the quota

Odacyr Klein (Transportation),

given to the PTB for participating in the alli

51, fromRio Grande do Sui. Accoun tant and attorney. he was just getting ready to start h1s fourth mandate as a HouseRepresentative for the PMDB.

ance to support FHC. As a youngster, he was a member of the A9iio Popular movement. the same as three other ministers: Jose Serra, Clovis Carvalho, and Sergio Motta.

He comes to the cabinet in the quota of his party. Klein is an important

Pele - Edson Arantes do N as cimento (Extraordinary Ministry of Sports), 54, from Minas Gerais. The

participant in the internal fight between two factions that have been tearing the PMDB apart. He has been the leader of his party and the director of human resources for Banco do Brasil. Nelson Job im (Justice) 48,fromRio Grande do Sui. College professor and respected jurist, he was the relator of the failed constitutional .

NE'IIIS from BRAZIL

•

FEBRUARY 1995

biggest surprise and the brightest star of the cabinet. During the inaugura tion festivities, other ministers and foreign diplomats got in line to get his autograph on their invitations and menus. Pele has a dream, to be one day the President. 19

The "king" is a successful businessman and has been dividing his time between Brazil and New York, headquarters of his Pete Pro motions. He intends to stimulate amateur sports, getting private funds for that. Zenildo de Lucena (Army), 64, from Pernambuco. A four-star general (the peak on the military}, he continues in the post he is al ready occupying. Attuned with the several military-social missions the Army has been involved in lately, like the distribution of food for the poor and the occupation of Rio's fave/as (slums). He is also considered very skillful in dealing with the internal affairs of the mili tary, including the very volatile salary ques tion. Mauro Cesar Rodrigues Pe reira (Navy), 59, from Rio. An admiral, he is considered one of the brightest Navy officers of Bra zil, never having had a mark less than 9.5 (10 being best) in all subjects, during Naval School, something that happens only every 30 years. Known as an innovator who likes to promote changes. He won the post in dispute with a powerful opponent, former minister Mario Cesar Flores. Mauro Miranda Gan dra (Air Force), 61, from Rio. He is the most senior Lieutenant Air Force Brigadier, the highest post in the Air Force. He combines the duties of Air Force Chief of Staff and chief of DAC (Department of Ci vilian Aviation). For a long time he has been campaigning for the modernization of FAB (Brazilian Air Force) and improvement of salaries for the military. He was the only military minister to win his post without an opponent seeking the same position. Bencd i t o Onofre Bezcrra Lconcl (Joint Chiefs of Staff), 64, from Sao Paulo. A friend of Cardoso, he was also a natural pick for the post, since he is the general with more seniority in the Am1y. He can stay in the post only until next year when he completes his 12th anniversary as a general and is compulsorily retired. His mission will be to convince the military brass of the importance of creating the Defense Ministry. ClOvis Carvalho (Chief of Staff), 56, from Sao Paulo. Engi neer, he has had a successful ca reer as high executive of private companies. He was the executive secretary of the Finance Ministry during Itamar Franco administration. One of the creators of the real, he will be one of the strongest figures in the new government. Fernando Henrique entrusted

him with the articulation among all the minis tries. "He will be my second," said Cardoso. "Clovis has been an extraordinary collabora tor. He has a great capacity of coordination and getting people to do things." His nan1e was also considered for the Finance Ministry. Alberto Mendes Cardoso (Mili tary Cabinet), 54, from Sao Paulo. Brigadier-general, for two years he was the executive sub-chief of the Military Cabinet. B esides t h e courses required for his career, the military man had specialization courses in Uruguay. and was an instructor at the Military Academy of Agulhas Negras. He is known for his diplomatic abilities during tough situations. Luiz Carlos Bresser Pereira (Administration and State Reform Department), 60, from Sao Paulo. Attorney and economist, he was re sponsible for the failed Bresser Plan to end inflation and straighten out the economy when Finance Minis ter during Jose Sarney's administration. Bresser Pereira was the treasurer of Cardoso's presi dential campaign and almost ended up being the Foreign Minister. He takes his PSDB affili ation very seriously, but loves to laugh. Cicero de Lucena (Regional Policies), 37, from Paraiba. Paraiba governor and cousin of senator Humberto Lucena, the one who was impeached for printing campaign calendars at the senate printing shop. From the PMDB, his name didn't make the PFL or even some members of the PMDB happy. He won a post refused by Krause. but he will be linked directly to the President. Roberto M u ylae rt(Social Com munication Department}, 59, from Sao Paulo. Multi-talented. Engineer and professional journalist for 30 years. he also had a specialization course on administration at Stanford and presided over the Sao Paulo Bienal, an international art ex--po. He was the founder of two economics magazines (Visiio and Exame) and publisher of Veja. one of the five biggest newsweeklies in the world. Muylaert is coming from directing, with great success, Sao Paulo's TV Cultura. His mission is to unify the federal government communi cations. Ronaldo Mota Sardenberg (Strategic Affairs Department), 54, from Sao Paulo. Graduated in ju ridical and social sciences, he is a career diplomat, who has served as ambassador in Moscow and Spain. Former Brazilian ambassador at the United Nations, he takes over the intelligence service, intent on ·revamping it. His depart ment might even be divided into two sectors. a foreign one and another domestic. •

NEWS from BRAZIL · FEBRUARY 1995

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The group created around Cardoso's predecessor in Brasilia was called Juiz de Fora Republic, in a reference to the origin of Itamar Franco, a politician from Juiz de Fora, a town from the state of Minas Gerais, and his provincial style. Before that, it had been the Alagoas Republic, the home state of im peached President Fernando Collor de Mello. For the new politicians in power, the press has already coined the name of Vilaboim Republic. It's intended to show the degree of sophistication, cosmopolitanism and intellectualism the new admin- ...,.:; istration is believed to have. "•m"" """' !o . •e• "" Vilaboim is a square in the upscale neighborhood of Higien6polis, Sao Paulo, where the Cardosos have a three-bedroom apartment worth $300,000. It was at the Vilaboim restaurants and bars - a piece of Europe in Sao Paulo, according to those who frequent the square - that the •�"!!!aJJ !i I"'I'.,--! FHC's gang had its meetings in preparation for taking power. Despite their intellectual sophis tication, in contrast with the Collor entourage, this new leadership hates ostentation, even though some haven't resisted the temptation to own an imported car when they became easier to buy. They fre quent low profile parties, and they like movies, theater and art galler ies. As does Cardoso, they drink imported whiskey and wine but avoid beer. Most of them come from left field, after having opposed the military regime. Some, like Sergio Motta, have even been guerrilla apprentices. Motta, an intimate friend of the President and the General Secre tary of the PSDB (Party of the Bra zilian Social Democracy), is the Communications M i n i ster and someone with unlimited access to the President. After directing the electoral campaign that placed Cardoso in the Palacio do Planalto, Serjao, as he-is called by his friends, seems to be the most influential aide to the President. Motta and senator Jose Serra, chosen to be Minister of Planning, together with FHC himself, make up what a vic tim of their plots has called, "A Mafia family who fight and criti cize each other but will become furious if anyone from the outside says anything against anyone of them." Setjao is accused of conspiring to bring Serra to the Planning Min istry, preventing economist Paulo Renato de Souza, who seemed as sured to get the position, from as suming the post. According to one report, Souza, also a close friend of the President, and the coordinator of Cardoso's electoral program, 22

started getting on Fernando Henri que's nerves for gobbling up too much power. After a transition meeting, FHC told Serjao, "Paulo Renato is going too far." That was the password for Setjao to perform his bouncer work. Despite ending up at the Educa tion Ministry, a very important one in this administration, Souza is still star in the new government. He has had a good taste of power, having worked in Washington as the direc tor of the Inter-American Bank for Development. As do many other Cardoso collaborators, he abomi nates Brasilia and will try to main tain Sao Paulo as his base. "Brasilia breathes government all the time," he says. "There's no alternative." Souza has been a friend of Cardoso since the 60's when he met FHC at the house of Jose Serra, in Chile. They were all in exile, waiting for the military furor to calm down in Brazil. Fernando Henrique will not have a secretary working directly with him. His daily activities will be attended to by six military men known as ajudantes de ordem, double the number of aides required by his predecessor Itamar Franco. Five of his advisors will have direct access to the President: Press Sec retary Ana Tavares, General Secre tary Eduardo Jorge, Private Secre tary Francisco Grazziano, Chief of the Civilian Staff Clovis Carvalho, and Chief of the Ceremonial Julio Cesar Gomes dos Santos. They will all be in rooms very close to the President, whose office is on the third floor of Palacio do Planalto. From his room, Cardoso has a panoramic view of the so-called Planalto and the Paranoa lake. The presence of all these names in the ministries means that the President will be working, playing, eating and sleeping the problems of the country. They are all intimate friends and at any time they might be called for a suggestion or they themselves might hit the President .with an idea, plan or problem. Carvalho should participate in all decisions taken by Cardoso. His mission is to be the intermediary between the President and the min isters. He will have access to the President's private elevator. To gether with Eduardo Jorge and Plan ning Minister Jose Serra, he will be participating in the daily 9 AM meeting of the President with his closest aides. The President will also have a retinue of support, including wait ers and security personnel. Geraldo Santos, for example, a waiter, will be in charge of serving coffee, fruit juice and fruit salad to Cardoso throughout the day.

•

NEWS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

In the history of the Brazilian republic, there have been three official residences for the President. Two of them are in Rio, which was Brazil's capital until April, 1960. The first mansion, the Palacio das Laranjeiras, belongs today to the state of Rio, and the Catete was transformed into a museum. The third domicile, the Palacio da Alvorada, will finally return to its glorious days, as the First Family's official residence. The palace was the first building to be erected in

e all the snobbery it was subjected to in more than three decades of existence, the Palacio da Alvorada is getting again that morous air that absent since inhabitants, Kubitchecks e plac 1

Brasilia, in 1958. Although one of the most beautiful and well-known postal cards of the capital, with its upside down arches, the work of Oscar Niemeyer has been considered uninhabitable by most of the First Couples. There have been two main complaints: the smell of food which spreads from the kitchen to the whole house, and the excessive heat in summer time. The Alvorada occupies a lot of 40 hectares, the equivalent to 40 football fields. The building itself is one hectare. There are 31 rooms spread among three stories, including the basement floor, where there is a 34 seat movie theater. The banquet room can accommodate 34 people around an oval table. The living room is immense. ln the music room there is a piano bought by Juscelino. The palace's chapel has its walls painted in gold. Other walls in the mansion have white and beige curtains. The furniture is Portuguese from the XVIII and XIX centuries. There are paintings and panels by some of the best Brazilian artists such as Djanira, Portinari, Bonadei and Volpi. For lack of places to hang them, some of these treasures are in the bedrooms of the people in charge of the security of the President. Out side, in the gardens there are Brazilian ostriches, ducks. geese and peacocks. Since Juscelino Kubitschek, the creator of Brasilia, left the presidency on January 31. 1961, there have been few takers among his successors for the presidential mansion. Joao Goulart and General Arthur da Costa e Silva have lived in the palace for longer periods of time. Others, like General Joao Figueiredo and Jose Sarney, tried the palace, but moved out fast. !tamar Franco, Cardoso's predecessor, stayed there for about a year, but left after the death of his nephew Ariosto, who lived there with him. Fernando Collor de Mello even made a series of remodeling projects in the mansion but never moved there. The gymnasium built by Collor was re moved by !tamar. Anything wrong with the place? "No." says Irineu Carvalho de Aguiar, the administrator of the palace. "The sun is hard only in the main room, which has very high ceilings and cannot be very well cooled by the air conditioner. As for the kitchen, there is a new suction fan system and the smell of onion and garlic is now restricted to the kitchen." The Alvorada needs a team of 50 people for its operation, but not all of them live in the premises. Fernando Henrique and his wife Ruth seem happy with the place. Cardoso has been using the Alvorada since the beginning .of November for meetings with his transition team. An aide commented that he was pleased with life in the mansion. mainly because of the library with more than 3,000 books, some of them 300 years old. He chose the library for his office. The President also intends to walk through the gardens and paths of the palace as a way to alleviate his back pain. •

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Brazil Inc. Despite the pressure from nationalistic legislators and bureaucrats interested in maintaining the status quo which favors them, Brazil continues its march towards privatizations of its state companies, many of them monopolies. CARLOS EMMANUELf BARRETO

During 18 years under the Brazilian government ownership, A9os Finos Piratini, a steel mill, has made no profit. In 1992 the Gerdau group, Brazil's lar� est private steel maker, bought the tmll for $107.9 million. Gerdau quickly in vested $30.2 million in new equipment and $50 million more in the ensuing two years. In 1993, for the first time m its history, Piratini moved into the black with net profits of $1.4 million on sales of $94.1 million. Piratini is just one of the eight state-owned steel companies that was privatized between 1991 and 1993 in Brazil and one of the most vis ible proofs that privatization works. The new government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso has a busy agenda for 1995 m the privatization sector. The administration has promised the IMF (International Monetary Fund), to privatize 34 companies in 6 months and collect $7 billion in cash. By compari son, at the beginning of 1994, the Brazil ian government scheduled 37 auctions and collection of $5 billion in hard cur rency (cash). If the jewels of the crown such as CVRD (Companhia Vale do Rio Doce) were sold, the PND (National Pro gram for Disestatization) could reach that sum in one shot. CVRD was created in 1942, during the World War II, to supply the demand for iron ore to allied countries. Ironi cally, 50 years later, their biggest clients are Germany and Japan. Worth $10 bil lion in the stock market; Jhis giant min ing company has 40 subisidiarv compa nies that operate in 10 Brazilian states and all over the world. Vale do Rio Doce is responsible for 25% of all iron ore consumed on the planet. It also produces gold, copper, baux ite, manganese and aluminum; it has a considerable fleet and partnerships in steel mills, fertilizing, paper and cellu lose companies. In Los Angeles, it ex plores a port. CVRD is a holding with annual sales of $5.8 billion, profits esti mated around $500 million and 17,829

NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

employees. The Federal oov ernment owns 51% o f all shares and research shows that for the Japanese alone, CVRD could be worth $18 billion since they are the biggest cli ents and the biggest tron ore consumers in the globe and do not own natural reserves. The PND sold 32 state owned enterprises in the past 4 years (4 during 1991, 14 in 1992,4 more in 1993 and I 0 in 1994 ). The program \vas strongly opposed by the labor movement and several auc tions were marked by violent demonstrations in front of Rio de Janeiro stock exchange where the auctions occurred. Some auctions had to be re scheduled or canceled. And the fact that most of purchases were paid with Brazilian debt paper (82% of the total amount) rather than hard cur rency remains a point of con tention. However, even with all of the difficulties, the pro gram collected $1.59 billion m cash. Tite privatization fever has spread to all of Latin America. In neighboring Argentina, the state compames in 1989 lost $3.5 billion, nearly half the country's treasury deficit for that year. In the following years, the government sold the Telef6nica and Telecom, Aerolineas Argentinas, Rosa rio/Bahia Blanca Railroad, SEGBA (electricity and power company) and its giant enter prise YPF (Yacim ientos Petro liferas Fiscales ), the state oil company, collecting over $24 billion. Peru privatized its electricity and banking sys tems. Colombia gave up its monopoly on ports, railways and banks. THIS IS NO BRITAIN - In Mexico and Chile almost all state-owned enterprises have been sold, though such giants as PEMEX, Mexico's oil com pany; CFE, its electricity com pany; and Codclco, Chile's copper mines, remain in state hands. The government in Venezuela also hopes to col lect $3 billion from privati zation by the end ofl995. Para guay pnvatized the country's flag carrier Lineas Aereas Paraguayas. In the early 80's, England under Margaret Thatcher, adopted a great rcfonn, priva tizing major indu�trie� m _the country. The pnvatJzatJon brought to the public coffers $50 billion in cash. On the contrary, in Brazil, discount-

ing the fetid currency (Federal and State governments' debt bonds), privatization brought millions rather then billions. It is far from a capital democratization. Outside Brazil, privatization means col lection of resources for new investments in programs for economic development, but in Brazil the word seems to mean donations of Federal Government big companies to private banks,helping them to exchange their debt bonds for compa nies with secure profitability. The Brazilian steel mills, petro chemical and fertilizer industries were the first to be privatized. In 1941,Brazil's largest steel mill,Companhia Siderirrgica Nacional (CSN), was created by dictator Getulio Vargas and marked the begin ning of the country's modernization. For the past years it was Brazil's worst ex ample of public administration. Priva tized in 1993 for $1,056.6 million, CSN boosted its output to the installed capac ity. It reduced its debt from $2.5 billion to $873 million and rescheduled its pay ments. Another steel mill with similar pro file is Ac,:os Especiais Itabira (Acesita) which rarely showed a profit and lost $600 million until 1992, when it was privatized. Acesita was bought for $450.2 million and on its first year as a private company it reported a profit of $31.4 million. A mam producer of stainless steel and silicon steel, Acesita's market share rose from 63% to 74%. Priva tization also changed Com panhia Siderilrgica de Tubarao (CST), the com pany is a Brazilian-]apanese-Italian joint venture that produces slab steel. Privatized in 1992 with a $114 million loss, it has showed a profit of $32.6 million in 1993. One of the most successful but also the most criticized of deals was the sale of Companhia Siderurgica Paulista (Cosipa) steel mill for $331 million. Bozano, Simonsen - one of Brazil's largest investment groups - bought the maJority of tlte company and_pi_ckcd up a pension fund worth $410 nulhon, more than the amount paid for Cosipa itself. Moreover Cosipa benefited from it<; lo cation on the coast, with its own special ized tenninal in the neighboring port, substantially cutting transportation costs. The P<?St-priv'!-tizat�on turnarqun<:Js have been m1presstve with compames 111 private hands learning how to work within budgets and without political inter fercnce.Gerdau, the same company that made a success story out of A9os Finos Piratini, also lent ammunition to the opponents of the privatization pro ram. After having bought Cosinor stee mill for $13.6 million, Gerdau stripped and shut down the highly subsidized com pany AIRPLANE M A NU FACTURER SOLD - Usiminas, another Brazilian Japanese venture is Brazil's largest pro ducer of flat, unalloyed steel. Under public administration, Usiminas had a record profit of $59.6 million on sales of $1.3 billion. In 1993 under private hands,

profits hit a record high of $246 million on sales of $1.6 billion, and productivity increased 38 tons per person, comparable to some of the best Japanese mills. But whoever bought Usiminas had to pick up its ineffective subsidiary Usiminas Mecanica S.A., created to produce spare parts for the mother company. U siminas Mecanica always worked on the red, using one third of its poten tial. The new owners restructured the company, from its productive process to its administration, added technology improvements and reorganized its sales direc tion. Today, working with 55% of its total capacity, Usiminas Mecanica closed 1994 with $74 million sales and profits of $20 million. It also has signed a con tract with Nippon Steel to share technology and know-how. In December, Brazil sold Embraer, a state-owned airplane manufacturer with succesfull models as the Brasilia, a 40-seat airplane that won 45% of the North-American market for that size of craft and 28% of the world market. Embraer was also the de veloper of Tucano, a jet used around the world for military training. Although Embraer accumu lated a huge debt and was forced to lay-off 7,000 employees in the past 4 years, it stili may become an excellent deal in private hands. This year the United States gov enunent will open a bid for pur chasing 700 jets for pilot training in a deal worth $4 billion. That might be a great opportunity for Embmer's Super Tucano. Among the transportation ser vice system that the government will have to privatize, there are two companies pulled back from last year s P.rogram, RFFSA and Lloyd Brasileiro. Others that are already on the way are the bridges, ports and roads system, starting with Via Presidente Dutra, a free way connecting the two major in dustrial cities m the country, Rio de Janeiro and Silo Paulo. The agreement here will give the pri vate companiess a concession for a certain amount of years, allow ing them to charge tolls in ex change f9r improvements. Moreover, the state-run en ergy sector should be privatized in this year's program, starting with the sale of more than ten inactive hydroelectric plants. But this will have to wait for the rati fication by Congress of a Law of Public Concessions (Lei de Concessc>es Piiblicas). This law works as an antend ment to the constitution to put a stop to the state monopoly. It will work in the case of the Group Eletrobras, including Furnas (re sponsible for the energy genera bon in the southeast), Chesf (the Silo Francisco river complex in the northeast) and Eletronorte, a company responsible for all en26

ergy generation from the Amazon basin rivers. Major international and domestic compa nies have shown interest in the deals. The Hous ton Energy com p any, associated with Chase Manhattan Bank, formed a consortium with Jorge Queiroz Group, Unibanco (one of Brazil's larg est private bank) and Banco Graphus, to dispute for companies in the energy sector auctions. Another giant interested is the French electric company, Eletricite de France, that formed a consortitmt with Banco Frances Brasileiro. Others in competition are Citibank; the con sortium formed by Bank of America, Nomura Securities and Banco Liberal; and an associa tion among the banks Pactual, Garantia and Bozano, Stmonsen. Partnerships among inter national and national compames make invest ments practical and stronger since, according to Brazilian law, foreign investors cannot control more than 40% of voting capital. THE SPACE IS THE LIMIT - Brazil today is considered one of the last great virgin markets for the telecommunications industry. The coun try has enorntous potential, especially when we consider that there are only 8 telephone lines for every 100 inhabitants. According to conserva tive analysts, the country has reached a deficit of four million telephone lines, translating to $10 billion in investments as an immediate need. Brazilian telecommunication carriers have ac knowledged their poor conditions to respond alone to the volume of investments necessary to cope with the new economic boom being ex pected. Embratel, Brazil's long-distance carrier, in tends to launch nine satellites in partnership with the private sector. Telebnis, the local car rier, is negotiating with US-based Bell Atlantic for the possible launch of eight satellites to interlink the country's cellular telephones. Oth ers under consideration for partnership are Japan's NEC, Ericsson from Sweden, the Ameri can giant AT&T, and Canada's Northern Telecom. The French Alcatel has been exploring the Brazilian market for a few years and 1t is expect ing revenues around $315 milli9n from that market alone, in which they offer 800,000 tele phone lines in a high-technology digital. Alcatel's President in Brazil, Manocl Octavio Pereira Lopes, stated that, "This is a great mo ment for Brazil to hand over telecommunica tions to private initiative." The Federal govem ment has been using these ventures as a tactic to delay privatization. As fornter Communications Mimster Djalma de Moraes said, ''We are hand ing the rings to avoid losing the fingers:· To the Brazilian population, Petrobn'ls, the state-run oil giant, does not need any type of introduction. It is by far the biggest company in Ute country. With its sumptuous maritime plat fornts and an annual revenue of $18 billion, Petrobnis is among the 20 biggest oil companies in the world. Today, however, people are asking themselves whether the 41 years of monopoly have been economically useful for the country or whetiter the company has been transfonned into a place which benefits only a few privi leged. There are only six countries in the world with oil monopoly. In addition to Brazil, they are Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq andMexico. All of Utem are exporters, except for Brazil. That seems to be very odd. An audit requested by fonner President !tamar Franco showed that it costs Petrobras $13 to produce one barrel of oil while in the Middle East production averages 50 cents. In Argentina, Mexico, Colombia and Venezuela, the production per barrel is around 3 to 8 dollars. Petrobras's daily production is 33 barrels while U1e average in Latin America is 98 barrels. Last year the company spent 44% of its total

expenses in salaries. In addition to all of this, Petrobras does not pay any income tax, like all other companies. The company has a debit with the Federal government of $898 million, and owes $406 million in gasoline tax collected from consumers but not re-passed to the Department of Treasure. Accoraing to Veja magazine, Petrobnis has been using false propaganda to hold on to 1ts mo nopoly, by tuming the population against the government. Petro bras's officials claimed that they had 8 billion barrels of oil re serves, which recently increased to 10 billion with the discovery of four new oil-wells. This is not true, says Veja. In reality, the re serves of Petrobras adds only to 3.6 billion barrels and the rest are possible reserves. The company says that it paid $115 billion to the government during its 40 years of existence, when actually the consumer paid Utat amount when filling up their gasoline tanks. They claimed $80 billion of investments in the coun try since 1953, which is a sum superior to the $72.5 billion of foreign capital invested in Brazil ian soil. If they are as big as they say, some critics c o m ment, they shouldn't be worried about com petitors. According to President Femando Henrique Cardoso the state-run oil giant is worth $100 billion, a more than a slight over pricing. Tlus amount would entitle a person to purchase the biggest company in the world, General Motors, the promising Microsoft, and still have some left over for further investments. In the stock market, Petrobras is worth S 13 billion. At the end of his administra tion, former President Hamar Franco intervened into two of the largest public banks in the coun !!Y, Baneij (Bank of the State of Rto de Janeiro) and Banespa (Bank of the State of Sao Paulo). The 12month intervention practically starts the privatization effort of U1e public fmance system. The two major institutions have been confronting problems on its accounts, and difficttlties with its titles on the financial market. The intervention intends to reduce the number of agencies and employees, cut expenses'M!d eventually sell off some or:'its actives. The new Finance Minister, Pedro Malan, ex-President of the Central Bank, intends to revolu tionize the concept of privatization in Brazil. He stated that with the money collected from selling off state companies, he w i ll fund health and education programs. He is not in favor of using the money to zero the public deficit. It will b e a year o f radical changes if the new administration and PND implement all of what they have been dreaming about. • NEWS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

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debru�ar-se ajanela e fazer-lhe

urn gesto obsceno. Fingiu nada

notar, tornando a trocar o fone de posi�ao.

cadeira de frente para a escriva

- Nada de encontros fora daqui, bern.

obsessoes. E de todas, voce e a

- Vai me dizer que ainda

tern problemas de ser visto

sou obsessiva.

Ele se inquietou na poltrona,

-Ficaremos a s6s, Helena.

- Certo. - E no segundo andar, em

frente ao elevador. - Ate ja.

- Espere. E o cabelo, esta

ler pela vigesima vez as inscri

A mao direita arrumava os

papeis, o calendario, o grampea dore o isqueiro. Cada objeto no seu Iugar. - E profissionalmente,

como estao as coisas, Joao? -Bern.

- Acompanho de Ionge o

seu sucesso.

-Isso nao interessa. Quero

saber de voce.

- Meus filhos tambem

- Esta satisfeita? - Nao posso me queixar.

Vidinha calma, sem emo�oes.

A secretaria entrou na sala.

Comprimentou-o com a cabe�a

pe esquerdo co9ava a perna

direita. Teve vontade de dizer

se afinal resistimos afetiva

Coloque a ficha no orificio...

- Umhum ... com corte

diferente. A altura e o peso nao

alteraram, os dentes estao urn

pouco amarelos por causa do fumo, escondo varias cicatrizes

no corpo e na alma - abai xou-se para pegar cigarro na

- Gostaria de saber, Joao.

mente a tantos anos de separa

ctiio.

- E evidente que sim, bern,

e vamos recuperar hoje o tempo perdido. - Esta brincando? -Que nada.

- A gente pode se dece-

bolsa, esquecida de que o fio do

pcionar...-ela fechou os olhos

afastar-se dele.

recordar a imagem.

telefone era curto. Teve que - ... um corpo fantastico

me ajudam a manter a forma. E

cresceram.

Ela podia examinar as pemas

da mulher ao telefone. Com o

ctoes: "Tire o fone do gancho.

ajudava a descascar a pintura agressao iniciada por outros.

-Quem nao e?-escreveu

"Joao" no meio do caracol.

Os olhos del a persistiam em

- ele pos a mao no bolso,

do aparelho, completando a

- Apenas reconhecto que

que nao fizesse aquilo porque ia desfiar a meia.

0 conquistador motorizado saiu a procura de aventura mais

promissora. A unha, comprida,

- Nao diga! Esta se decla

os sintomas evidentes.

- Nao brinque, Helena. - Sao minhas filhas.

mais alimentada.

rando?

curtinho?

- Mudou tanto?

ninha - conte de voce. - C onservo a s m inhas

comigo, Joao?

- Fica atras da porta ou

espia pelo buraco da fechadura?

tentando a qualquer c u s t o - De jeito nenhum.

- Talvez tenha razao.

sorrindo.

-A gimistica e a massagem

voce?

- Enxuto. A colite nao me

permite engordar e tambem te

nho ca minhas rugas. -Usa 6culos?

-E onde ja se viu um miope

deixar de ser?

Uma senhora colocou-se

atras dela, em fila, o que a

- Ainda e romantica? - Se eu nao fosse. estaria

telefonando?

ro.

-Por romantismo? Helena deu um Iongo suspi - Perfeitamente. Ten ho

ideia fixa de que somente voce pode me fazer feliz. - Ideia fixa?

- E dificil de explicar...

incomodou. Fez sinal com a

reparou que alguns fios da meia da vizinha correram na perna

- Sua voz me diz tantas

no lado oposto ao seu.

mim ou nao?

- Tenho a impressao de

que voce estava experimen

e retirou-se. Ele diminuiu o tom.

quase sussurrava: coisas.

estarjovem de novo. Que tal se

passeassemos no parque?

- Acabou. Hoje tern urn

edificio Ia.

-Que azar. Era tao bonito! -Pois e.

A bolsa a tiracolo pesava.

Soltou a al�a, largando-a no

chao.

0 vento frio insistia em

subir-lhe pelas pernas, ape�r

do casaco. Deviam construir cabinas telefOnicas fechadas,

como nos filmes. Estas estru turas suspensas sao incomodas.

- Tern outro parque para

se ir?

mao, apontando 0 telefone livre,

- Ha tempos, ouvi dizer

grossa.- Continua a gostar de

-Como poderia nao gostar? - Joao, escute. As vezes

tando lentes de contato.

tenho a impressao de ver voce

falou?

detras

- Conversa fiada. Quem

- Deixa pra Ia. Bem que

achei ridicula a vaidade repen

Ia na fazenda, surgindo por de

uma

arvore,

montado a cavalo, uma especie

de her6i-fantasma com quem

tina.

eu posso falar, mas nao tocar.

Pressionando o fone contra o

mais nem menos, no carro.

Ele acendeu outro cigarro.

ombro, libertou a mao direita

para rabiscar um caracol. Hel ena possuia uma voz redonda, limpa.

-Que habilidade a sua para

desviar assunto- virou a

Ou sinto-o ao meu lado, sem - Verdade?

A secretaria tornou a entrar

na sala: o cliente chegara. Piscou avisando que entendeu a mimica

e nao ia demorar.

Voce e o amigo ideal NEWS from BRAZIL

FEBRUARY 1995

corn quem converso rnuito ern

virgindade, nao e? Quietinha.

-Sete, mais ou rnenos.

pensarnento. - Fa�arnos isso pessoal

Assim. Aquiesceu, inquieta, pen

- E? - Em que esta pensando? - acariciou-lhe os

- Tenho receio de perder o que possuo de rnelhor, Joao, as

Sentia a barba cerrada a ro �ar-lhe a pele, a mao deslizando

-Em tomar urn cafezinho. - Entao, vista-se.

fora. 0 vento trazia agora urna

- E tao gostosa. Tire a

rnente.

rnem6rias- jogou o cigarro garoa fina, gelada.

- Acrescentarernos deta

lhes... -Sera? - Escute, Helena, vern

sando que preferia conversar.

pelo corpo receptivo. roupa. Eu ajudo. -Aqui?

- E s6 o

que temos. -Por favor, Joao. Ha muito sonho com este encontro... ele

mesrno niio e? -Que tal as tres?

empurrou-a para o sofa. Talvez... - deitou-a.

pado as cinco. Percebeu que ele falava rapi

sentar-se e arrumou a saia. -

- 0 escrit6rio fica desocu-

do, como se quisesse desligar. - E se fizessernos bora dando uma volta juntos? - E os clientes?

- Cornpreendo. Ficarei nervoso o dia

todo.

- Apago a luz? - Ja? - aproveitou para

Nao vim para...

- 0 que, entao?- encur

ralou-a. - Vervoce.

- Esta me vendo o mais perto... Relaxe. -Psiu.

cabelos, encabulado.

Encontrava a roupa pelo tato. Joao abriu a porta, clare

ando o ambiente. -Com este frio a gente tern

que usar um monte de pe�as. Que mao-de-obra vestir tudo outra vez. De quem sao os quadros na parede ? Ele acendeu a luz. - Sao da minha mulher.

Q\le tal? - Simpaticos. Urn tanto

primitiva para o meu gosto penteou-se rapidamente. Sera que com a mulher ele

tambem... Interrompeu a sus peita. Joao procurou sob o sofa provaveis esquecimentos. -Seus brincos. - Obrigada.

Inventei esta viagern enorrne para encontrar voce,

Arnadurecia para a morte, ela considerou, contente.

chegar em casa? - Niio. Mas costurno voltar

- Desculpe, Helena. Nao sei o que acontece comigo. Diga

baixa. - Desculpe, nao sei real

Ela adivinhava na escuridao o arquivo, os m6veis. - Gosto demais de voce. E

ter sido a emo�ao. E a primeira vez... - beijou-a.- Quando e que volta para a fazenda?

Joao Ainda tern horario para

cedo.

alguma coisa.

-Seni aproveitado integralmente. Entende o que eu quero

como se eu estivesse fazendo amor cornigo rnesma, ou com

-Que pena. -Seja boazinha. - Terernos pouco tempo.

dizer, bichinha?

-Pelo tom...

- E o que e que a gente

faria, senao a rnelhor coisa do

um irmiio. - Lamentei quando se foi, benzinho.

- Eu nao tinha nem vinte

Ele a enlac;ou, de cabe�a

mente o que aconteceu. Deve

dirigiu-se ao banheiro. -Amanha. - Tao depressa?

- Os rneninos tern aula.

Ele en>.'Ugava as maos.

- Voce esta chorando?

. - :E

a fuma�a... Sou aler

rnundo? - Nao sei. Ate as cinco -

anos, Joiio. Quantos voce tem?

coberto de garoa. Entrou no bar

apaixonada. -Por mim? - apertou-a.

enquanto fecho o escrit6rio. - Descemos a escada. Sao

- Desejo-a tanto. Perdao. Nao sei o que se passa comigo.

palavra. Varias pessoas cruza

desligou. 0 casaco estava

da esquina e pediu urn choco

late quente.

- Voce esta atrasada dez

rninutos, Helena.

- Estou? - beijou-o no rosto. Ele a abra�ou corn

aperto.

urn

- Me !argue - soltou-se.

- Enfirn conhe�o o escrit6rio

- aproxirnou-se da escrivaninha.-Posso ler estes papeis? - Seria gastar mal o rno

rnento, arnor -segurou a presa. - Me da urn beijo. Helena nao reagiu, enla�an

do-o.

-Deve ter perdido comple

tamente a velha mania de NEWS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

- Quarenta e seis.

-Sofri bastante. Estava tao

- Duvida?

Acho que e o nervoso. Me da urn beijo. Que pele deliciosa,

gica.

- Charne o elevador, bern,

dois andares.

0 que fizeram sem trocar

varn o terreo, apressadas.

-Puxa, vou desistir do cafe.

nem parece mae de filhos com

Estou tremendo.

bem, diga que me ama. Diga. -Amo.

pr6xima vinda? Confirmou, o rosto aberto

secretaria entrava por baixo da porta, espionando. No teto, as

terno.

este corpo de menina. Ah! meu

A restia de luz da sala da

aranhas certamente teciam suas casas em torno da luminaria. A

respira�ao ofegante de Joao diminuia seu ritmo. Helena teve

urn arrepio. Decidiu quebrar o silencio. - Que horas sao?

- Promete telefonar na

em sorriso que a ele pareceu -Ate breve.

-Adeus, Joao. "As Dcsventuras de Joao",

the original title of this short story, was published in A11tes

tlo Amallllecer, Editora Melhoramentos. 31

,..,

,..

JOAO, GERONIMO E DUDA SAO OS

••I c ''AS BOAS HISTORIAS DEVEM SER REPETIDAS. E UMA HISTORIA LfRICA MUlTO BONITA, UM FAROESTE COM MUITA AQAO E AVENTURA. ESSA FOI A PRIMEIRA NOVELA EM QUE OS HOMENS PASSARAM A ADMITIR QUE ASSISTIAM NOVELA. CHOFER DE TAXI lA PARA CASA MAIS CEDO. FOI UM ACONTECIMENTO. "IRMAOS CORAGEM" FOI 0 GRANDE SUCESSO DE JANETE CLAIR E A PRIMEIRA INVESTIDA DA TELEVISAO BRASILEIRA NO WESTERN."

DIAS GOMES (TEATROLOGO) Distribuidor Exclusivo da Rede Globo Adquira a sua assinatura pelo telefone:

(212) 819-9078 Brazil Update, trazendo o Brasil ate voce! 37 West 43rd Street- New York- NY -10036 32

NEWS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

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Nao deixe de viajar por falta de dinheiro Use o jeitinho b ras1"I euo I

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TEMOS OS MELHORES PBECOS ,DOS EUA PARA 0 BRASIL. SE TIVER ALGUMA DU\[IDA,E SO JELEFONAR POlS A LIGA�AO E GRATIS

NEWS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

Between January 31, 1995 and March 1, 1995, that is, the whole month of February, Brazilians who wish to tcy their luck at get ting green cards, which allow people to live and work in the US as lawful permanent residents, should participate in the new Di versity Lottery vis a program called DV-96. Here we outline the requirements for this partici pation and present a guide as how to have a chance at the drawing. The article is based on informa tion given in a recent Visa Bulle· tin by the US Department of State's Bureau of Consular Af fairs.

country to which application is "to be charged") 2. Applicant's full name 3. Applicant's address (which must be the same as shown on the application). South Americans, including Brazilians, Central Americans, and people from the Caribbean must send the application to:

1. The person has to be a na tional or citizen of a countrv that qualifies for the new visa lottery. Natives or citizens of Brazil do qualify. The nationals of the fol lowing countries cannot apply for the DV-96 green card: China (mainland and Taiwan), India, Philippines, Vietnam, South Ko rea, United Kingdom and its terri tories (Northern Ireland is eli gible), Canada. Mexico. Jan1aica, El Salvador, Dominican Repub lic. and Colombia. 2. The person must have a high school diploma or its equiva lent, or within the last five years have two years of experience in an occupation that requires two years of training. 3. To obtain a visa for a son or a daughter, the child has to be under 21 years of age and unmar ried. A spouse who is a national or citizen of a country that does not qualify for the green card lottery may apply only if he or she is married to someone who is eli gible. Such person should indi. cate that he or she is "to be charged" to the country of the spouse who can apply. 4. If the applicant lives in the US, he or she must be undocu mented or have a non-immigrant visa status.

When should I send my ap plication?

DV-96 Program National Visa Center Portsmouth, NH 00211

The correct zip codes to be used by natives or citizens of other regions are the following: Asia (00210), Europe (00212), Africa (00213), Oceania (00214), Baha mas (00215).

Who may ap(lly?

How can I particiJ)ate?

There are 2,407 visas avail able to the South American re gion. There is no pre-printed or official application form and no fees need to be paid. You should beware of individuals, organiza tions, or attorneys who guarantee results and who ask payment for a visa lottery fee. You must send only one appli cation, by regular mail. The ap plication can be sent from the United States or any country in the world. A husband and wife may each send a separate applica tion. 34

Can I do it all bv mvself?

Yes, ifyou feel coinfoitable about this after reading this article. The following information must be leg ibly written or preferably typed on a plain sheet of paper (size 8 x 11 inches): A. Applicant's full name: last name, first name and middle name. Last name must be underlined. Ex ample; Cardoso, Rubem Emilio. B. Applicant's date of birth and place of birth. Date of birth: day, month, year. Example: 10-January-1959. Place of birth: city/town, district/ county/province, country. Example: Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil C. Name, date, and place of birth of applicant's spouse and children, if any. See B. Above. D. Applicant's mailing address. The address must be clear and com plete. Be sure to write the right ad dress since only one confirmation letter will be sent. An applicant may use the address of an attorney. E. Applicant's native cmintry if different from country of birth Where to send the information? Once the above information is completed, it must be placed inside a business size envelope that is be tween 6 and 10 inches (19 and 25 em) in length and between 3.5 and 4.5 inches (9 to 11 em) in width. The envelope must have in the upper left hand corner the following inforn1ation in this order: 1. Applicant's native country (or

The completed envelope and application must be sent only via regular mail to arrive no earlier than January 31, 1995, and no later than March 1, 1995. The applicant must ensure that only one entry is sent. Persons who send more than one application will be disqualified. Each entry will be entered into a computer list that is presumably confiden tial. How will the lottery be con ducted?

After July 1, 1995, a computer will randomly choose the win ners. This means there is no guar antee that anyone who partici pates will be selected. Only the lottery winner will be notified. The winner should not delay in following the visa processing in structions. Mere registration as a lottery winner does not mean that the person will be able to immi grate to the US. For those winners who are in the US as undocumented aliens or with non-immigrant visas, they will have an opportunity to adjust their status here in the US. Ad justment of status should be done promptly and in accordance with the instructions that the National Visa Center will provide. Because every immigration case is different and unique, I strongly urge any person who is planning to participate in the DV96 visa lottery to seek the advice of an immigration attorney in case there are questions or concerns about the program. EtlgaNio Q11intanilla is a11 attomey admitted to the State Bar of Califomia. He practice.v Immigratio11 Law. You ca11 call /tim at (800) 595-5957 or (213) 739-1900. NEVVS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

The mayor of the little town of Vila Rica (Ouro Preto today) was going through some tough times. He needed some fast funds to build City Hall. So he decided, in that year of 1784, to hold a lottery, just as they were doing in the

hrongs of enthusiasts in Brazil have been anxiously waiting for roulette games to be opened to the public, particularly during the last several years. During the time of Collor de Mello, who was a fervent defender of the casinos, a proposal had been forwarded by Deputy (Congressman) Dercio Knop from Santa Catarina, in Congress, but after Collor's impeachment, the project

continent, in Portugal.

went on the wayside. Prior to that, casino games had been

He sold 3,000 numbers and, thanks to

short-circuited in 1946 by then President Eurico Gaspar Dutra.

that, was able to erect the building. More than two centuries later, the loteria is still

success story. Every

year, Brazilians spend close to

$4 billion on all kinds of gambling, more than the annual revenue of Brazil足 ian General Motors. Now they seem ready to welcome temples to Las Vegas and Atlantic City all over the country.

Casino Brazil CARLOS RAVELO NEWS from BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 1995

According to Lucio Castelo Branco, a sociologist at the University of Brasilia, the importance placed upon games of chance in Brazil is directly related to the total lack of opportunities faced by the average Brazilian. "''The "big break" appears as a quick-fix solution. for Brazilians' ever-pressing problems," he observes. As for illegal games, typified by jogo do bicho (game using a combination 0f numbers and animals), professor Castelo Branco indicates that they have enjoyed an ample cul足 tural legitimacy within BraziL Castelo Branco supports the opening of casinos and all types of betting games. Once betting becomes de足 criminalized, he thinks that criminal elements will lose their grip over these games. On the other hand, the Catholic Church has traditionally opposed this type of arrangement. Cardinal Jose Freire Falcao, for example. says that opening casinos would not benefit Brazilian society at all, and would take many families on the road to ruin. "It would have pernicious social and individual consequences," he says. However, economist Cristovam Buarque sees it the other way around: "Brazilians play because they are desperate- he notes. "The anxiety to win the lottery, for example, is directly related to their lack of hope in the 35

activities relating to a normal livelihood." From a social standpoint, Cristovam thinks that Lotto and Sena- two of the government sponsored games- seem to be more harmful than casinos. However, casinos will not be exempted from problems either, according to him. Says

he: "In general terms, Mafiosi, drugs and prostitution seem to float around them". Deputy Knop's legislative proposal would divert

monies obtained from casino taxes into health and educational programs, at the state as well as the munici pal level. Buarque counters, however, that to put a half-way decent educational sys

tem in place, Brazil would need close to $30 billion per year, something which he

feels casino revenues will not be able to produce. Meanwhile, Congressman Knop

feels that his project will reach the point of

legislative "do or die" very soon. Even knownbicheiros (the ca pi ofjogo do bicho) are divided among themselves as to whether new sources of revenue should be opened by legalizing new types of games. With raspadinhas (scratchers) and federal lottery ticket sales reaching

all-time highs, a fewbicheiroshave voiced their opinions. Said one bicheiro, who refused to be identified: ''I don't know

what is right or wrong anymore. The worst examples come from above. Just look around and see what Collor did!" (Presi

dent Collor de Mello was impeached for corruption.) The jogo do bicho is forbidden under

Brazilian law. The Federal Penal Code sanctions any type of games of chance,

profits, paying some $12 million to the Federal Gov ernment. Nardeli Pinto says that he could get an official jogo do bicho off the ground in 60 days. Many people oppose, however, any sort of plan to

legalize the bicho. The former Secretary for Legisla tive Affairs, Galba Menegale, was one of them. She though that it would be impractical, from a judicial point of view. "I doubt that the transparency of the law would be capable of ending the criminality attached to the bicho," she said. "It will remain clandestine, at least in Rio de Janeiro."

And then she drops this unanswered ques tion: "Who is able to prove that the jogo do bicho is not more seductive when it is done clandestinely?"

BINGO! That is the word now in style in Brazil. Men and women, mostly middle aged, are frequenting 27 new bingo halls

that have cropped-up in the last six months alone. This year it is projected that about 500 new bingo halls will be operating all over the nation, from the beaches of Rio to the hinterlands of the Amazon and points in between. Bingo has become a national

fad. In a country in which around $4 billion are spent on games of chance, bingo has become a sure-fire winner. And bingo, aside from being just plain

fun, is also a socializing type of game, and, besides, it is inter-generational. It certainly is less lonely then buying a lotto ticket or a raspadinha since the player is able to engage in small talk and exchanges with friends and strangers alike, besides drinking and eating while playing. More

except in Pernambuco. State Deputy Roldao Joaquim calls it "governmental tolerance to the game, which is as binding

than that, it is cheaper and less risky than other games and - although not giving large jackpots- it won't send the player

first promoted the idea of "legalizing, but

year-old housewife, "It has been years

as the law." Joaquim was the person who

to the poor house. Says Maria Seixas, a 60

within his State to then Governor Marco Antonio Maciel, now the Vice-President of Brazil. In fact, bicheiros in Pernambuco even unionized, formed an association, and were allowed in many official ceremonies.

since I had found anything as exciting to do. I forget my problems, and I can even make a little money." The public who frequent the game is a cross section of Brazilian society: singles, housewives,

officers found to be extorting or persecuting the local bicheiros were either reprimanded or fired from their posts by the Secretary of Public Security. According to Congressman loaquim, in Pernambuco more than 100

40% of the players. Those above 50 and below 28 are each 15% of the total. and the remaining 30% are between the ages of 28 and 40. And although many

not officializing" these betting games

After that, bicheiros were "semi-legal" and police

thousand families depend on bicheiro schemes which,

among other benefits. allow them their own medical and

dental plans. In Pernambuco "everybody plays thebicho, " says Joaquim, adding that keeping the game illegal would be much worse, since then many bicheiros would resort to alternate sources of income such as weapons sales and the drug trade.

According to Jose Nardeli Pinto, Federal Lottery Administrator, last year the lotteries grossed over $600

million. Of said sum, about $97 million went to the government. Several sources indicate that the jogo do bicho produces three times that amount. If this is true.

widowers, teenagers and elderly folks. A breakdown by ages shows that middle-aged (40-50) make up

play bingo for fun more than profit, there are big-time

rollers as well. Tecnobingo, a Spanish firm, is responsible for the installation of many of the bingo .halls in Brazil. Most are not the run-of-the-mill type seen in the US, but rather an elegant variety similar to the best Las Vegas casinos, with miles of carpet and Carrara marble, catering to middle-class patrons who drink whiskey,

nibble on caviar and salmon, and spend an average of

$50 per session. The money invested in these houses leave no doubt about their owners' beliefs: they know the casinos are coming. It's just a question of a little

then the jogo produces over $2 billion, annually. and

patience. When it happens all they'll have to do will

By comparison, Banco do Brasil made $150 million in

baccarat, the poker and the slot machines.

does not provide one cent in taxes for the government.

be to take out the bingo and bring in the roulette, the •

NEWS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

La Coste shirts, with the alligator logo on the front, were very popular. I brought Carlos back four from a trip to France. A few days later, I was shocked to find them neatly folded in his drawer with the alligators carefully cut out of three of them. Carlos's explanation was that he had given them to three poor brothers he knew for their mother to sew on their plain shirts." Obviously. this was a kid who would give you, if not the shirt of his back, at least the alligator off his chest. By adolescence, the friendly and outgoing natural-born leader was, according to mom, "a skinny kid who liked the beach a tot more than schooL" At a toss over what would become of him, his strict but supportive parents encour aged him to channel his energies into sports. At 12 he became a rower and, by 18, his rigorous training, that often began at 4:00 AM, and his participation in numerous triathtons, led him to the South American rowing championship. A brief stint at university was. enough to convince Carlos to forego a career in economics. "When he was just 17, we refused him permission to go the States," says Amazite. "When he came to us again, at 20, this time with passport in hand, and said he had sold his car, his diving gear and his surf board for a one-way ticket to San Diego, we were astonished. In our close family, this was the first major decision he had made without consulting us." "We told him he could go," continues Oldano. "But we also told him his decision was his re sponsibility. We agreed that when he knew what he wanted to do, we would pay for school, but the rest was up to him. He had to maintain himself." Lacking a car and now as poor as his three boyhood pals, Carlos made good use of his marathon running skills delivering pizz..as. For a while, he "went to the top," working as a roofer. On a home visit after months on the job, he requested a nail gun. Says Ama zile, "This was a big surprise to us because he had never asked for anything before. But he didn't have to ask twice. When I saw his tom and blistered hand, I went to my room and cried." When, after struggling through a variety of low-paying jobs, he surprised them again, this time with the decision that advertising was the career he wanted to fol low, they gladly paid his tuition. And Carlos, the boy who was raised with a driver, a maid, and a cook, put food on the table - his own as well as others, working as 38

a waiter. On one memorable occasion, he was serving a party of prominent customers when he spilled wine on the host's cus tom-tailored suit. Mortified, he cleaned up as much as he could and sent the suit to the dry cleaner, all the while apologizing profusely. To his astonishment, not only wasn't he fired, but at the end of the meal they left a huge tip. "God bless you," said the VIP. "Your kindness is the thing I will remember most from this experience." Propelling himself through a series of arduous jobs, Carlos clung to his mother's high standards and his father's words "When you are young, you have only obligations - no rights." Eventually, his high school counselor, sensing this potential, advised him to seek out the challenges and opportunities of a big city. Without a moment's hesitation, the boy from Copacabana packed his bags and headed to Los Angeles. He landed a job on a small community newspaper (which has since become a thriving chain). Giving each assignment 100% of his effort, it's not unusual for him to work a 24 hour stretch. And, he's even added a side business. No question- the future looks bright. But to those who know him, that is no surprise.•

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NEWS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

Sun,

NE'NS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

tured the fortress and reclaimed the site. A town grew around the for tress, which was given the name of Fortaleza de Nossa Senhora da Assun9ao (Fortress of Our Lady of Assumption). Ignored by most his tory books, fierce battles with the local Indians continued to delay colonization for many years. The city is laid out in a conve nient grid pattern. The center lies above the old historical section and includes the Mercado Central (Cen tral Market), these (cathedral), and major shopping streets and govern ment buildings. East of the center are the beaches of Praia de Iracema and Praia do Ideal; then continuing eastwards, Avenida Presidente John Kennedy links Praia do Diario and Praia do Meireles, which are lined with glitzy hotels and restaurants. Be yond here are Porto do Mucuripe (the port) and the Faro! Velho (Old Lighthouse). Praia do Futuro be gins at the lighthouse and extends five km southwards along Avenida Dioguinho to the Clube Ca9a e Pesca (Hunting & Fishing Club). Travelers have reported pick pocketing in the city center and petty theft on the beaches. We also heard from one traveler about so licitous females on Praia do Meireles who cuddle up to travel ers and drug their drinks. One woman transported the semicon scious foreigner back to his hotel where she attempted to gain entrv to his room on the pretext that she was helping him because he was 'drunk'. Once in the room, she helped herself to his valuables and vanished. Fortunately, the traveler recognized the woman on the street the next day, physically towed her to the police station, and regained most of his valuables. Unfortu·

MARJ\NGUAPE ll1irty-eight km from Fortalcza on the \\ay to the Serra de Baturitc is the town of Maranguapc, famous for its Ypioca brand cachafa. The Ypioca aguardente factory Js six km from town, the turnoff is ncar the Shell station. There is no regular transporta tion to the cachara plant, but irs not a bad hike and most of the traffic is headed in your direction. At the gate, ask for a tour of the I 38-vcar-old plant. Before vou step ' within the grounds, a pungcnt sour mash smell assaults the senses. Whir ring, clanking, steam-spitting Indus trial Revolution era machinery crushes the cane to pulp and mush. Th.: raw sugar cane mash undcrgo.:s alcoholic f.:rmcntation, is distill.:d, then ag.:d one to three years in huge wooden casks. 40

nately. he was unable to stop the police from giving the thief an almighty thrashing before letting her go. Museums The Centro de Turismo at rua Senador Pompeu, 350 is a restored prison which now con tains a folk museum, the main tourist information office and shops selling artesanato. The Museu de Arte e Cultura Popu lar (folk museum) houses a va riety of interesting displays of local handicrafts, art and sculp ture. It's open from 7 am to 6 PM, from Monday to Saturday; and from 7 am to noon on Sun day. The Museu Hist6rico e Antropol6gico do Ceara, a mu seum devoted to the history and anthropology of Ceara, is at avenida Barao de Studart, 410. A bizarre exhibit here is the crushed wreckage of a light plane, which is a reminder of the murky politics associated with military rule in Brazil dur ing the '60s. In 1964, the Cearense Castello Branco, a hard-core right-winger from the military, organized a military coup to oust Joao Goulart, whom he accused of leftist poli tics from the presidency and then assumed the presidency himself. Disgusted democrats shed few tears when Castello Branco was killed \n a plane crash outside Fortaleza in 1967 - hence the wreckage outside the museum. The museum is open from 7 am to 6 PM, Tuesday to Friday; and from 8 am to noon and from 2 to 6 PM, on Saturday and Sunday. Car enthusiasts will want to visit the Museu do Autom6vel (V eteran Car M useum) at avenida Desembargador Ma noel ,Sales de Andrade , 70, in the Agua Fria district, on the southern edge of the city. The museum displays a variety of vetcranBuicks, Pontiacs, Cadil lacs, Citroens, etc. It's open from 8 am to noon and from 2 to 5.30 PM, Tuesday to Saturday; and from 9 am to 5 PM on Sunday. Teatro Jose de Alcncar The Jose de Alencar The ater (1910) is an impressive building, a pastelcolored hy brid of classical and art nouveau architecture which was con structed with cast-iron sections imported from Scotland. It is now used for cultural events.

CAN I NUl� Canindc, onlv 110 km inland from Fortaleza on the .BR-020, is tht: site of one of the Northeast's �real religious pilgrimages. the Santuimo de Siio Fran cisco das Chagas. Since I 775 pilgrims . have bc.:n coming to Canindc to offer promises and favors to Siio F rancisco d.: Assis. Nowadays around 250,000 1\:rv.:nt bdicv.:rs arriv.: each vear most from th.: sertilo, almost all Jirt poor For Westt:rn.:rs the !Cstival is both colorful and bizarre, and laced with sup.:rstition. You'll s.:e many ex-voto oflcrings and miracle cur.:s. It· s a sc.:nc right out of a Glaub.:r Rocha film. 'l11e festival begins on 2 S.:pt.:m bcr at 4 1\M and continues until 4 Octobt:r. On 30 S.:ptcmb.:r, the clinla'\ of the f.:stival begins with th.: celebra tion for the lmnulores (farm work ers), which is followed in tum by cdc brations for th.: mqueiros (cowhovs) on I October, and for th.: violeiro� (guitarists and guitar makers) on 2 Octob.:r. Tilt: culmination of all the festivi ties b.:gins at 3 AM on 4 October, when the first of nine masses com mences. These art: followed bv a 70,000-strong procession through· th.: town.

Beaches Fortaleza 's city beaches are gen erally dirty and, with the exception of Praia do Futuro, are unfit for bathing. There are pleasant beaches within 45 minutes of town (1 1/2 hours or so by public transport), but the best beaches all lie further from Fortaleza. Near Ponte Metalica. the old port, Praia de Iracema was a source of inspiration to Luiz Assun9ao and Milton Dias, Ceara's Bohemian poets of the '50s. Unfortunately this beach is now polluted and best avoided. Praia do Meireles is also tainted with pollution and not rec ommended for bathing, but it fronts avenida Presidente Kennedy, which is a hotel and restaurant strip and a popular place to hang out in the evening. Praia do Futuro, a clean length of sand stretching five km south wards along Avenida Dioguinho to the Clube de Ca9a e Pesca (Hunt ing & Fishing Club) is the sole good city beach. Like Rio d e Janeiro's Barra d e Tijuca, i t i s be . ing built up at an alarming rate. There arebarracashere which serve fried fish and shrimp. The beaches immediately north of Fortaleza, Cumbuco and Iparana, are both pleasantly tranquil. Har ried travelers can relax from the tensions of tropical living, string up a hammock in the shade of some palm trees, sip coconut milk and rock themselves to sleep. NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

Parque Ecologico do Coco This park, close to Shopping Center Jguatemi, was set up in 1991 after local ecological groups pressed for protection of the man grove swamps from encroaching highways and the industrial zone. Entrances to the park, which is about seven km from the center, are on avenida Engenheiro Santana and rua Vicente Leite. From the center take the bus marked 'Edison Queiroz' to Shopping Center lguatemi. Festivals The Regata de Jangadas, a jangada regatta between Praia do Meireles and Praia Mucuripe, is held in the second half of July. The Iemanja festival is held on 15 August at Praia do Futuro. The Semana doFolclore the town's folk lore week, takes place in the Centro do Turismo from 22 to 29 August. Things to Buy Fortaleza is one of the most important centers in the Northeast for crafts. Artisans work with carnauba palm fronds, bamboo, vines, leather and lace. Much of the production is geared to the tourist, but there are also goods for urban and Sertanejo customers. The mar kets and fairs are the places to look for clothing, hammocks, wood carv ings, saddles, bridles, harnesses and images of saints for pilgrims. You can purchase sand paint ings on c ah;adao da avenida Presidente Kennedy, watch the art ists work and have them customize your design. Best visited in the evening. Lacework, embroidery. raw leather goods, ceramics and articles made of straw are also available from· the Central de Artesanato Luiza Tavora (Handicrafts Center) at avenida Santos Dumont, 1589 in Aldeota district; the Centro do Turismo at rua Senador Pompeu, 350; the Mercado Central on rua General Bezerril; and tourist bou tiques (clothing, jewelry, fashion) along avenida Monsenhor Tabosa. Cashew nuts are also excellent value in Fortaleza. OTHER BEACHES Prainh a- Thirty-three km south ofFortaleza via BR-116 and seven l<m from Aquiraz, is the beach town of Prainha (the name means Little Beach). Prainha is a great beach, and the local fishers will give you ndes on their jangadas. Igua1le - Five km south of Prainha, is also a channing little beach with jangada s, a few lonely palm trees and sand dunes breaking the clean line of the horizon. Kids in town ski down the dunes on planks of wood. In Iguape. women NEVVS from BRAZIL

•

FEBRUARY 1995

and children make wonder ful lacework. Four or more wooden bobs arc held in each hand and clicked rapidly and rhythmically. The bobs lay string around metal pins which are stuck in burlap cushions. Using this process, beautiful and intricate lace JUAZEIRO 00 NORTE Juazeiro do Norte, 528 km from Fortaleza. is a magnet for belie\'ers in Padre Cicero, who lived in this town and became a controversial figure of the sertao. Not only was he a curate with several miracles to his credit, he also exercised a strong political influence. His astonishing rise to fame\\as started when an cldcrlv woman received the host from him at niass and claimed that it had mi raculously tumed to blood. Soon he \\as being cre.dited with all kinds of miracles and later became dra\m into a leading role in the social and political upheavals in the Northeast. Padre Cicero died in 1934, but despite attempts by the Catho lic church to deny his sainthood, the claims and adoration oi' his followers seem to be as strong as ever. The best time to see this magnetic attraction and devotion is during the fes tivals and pilgrimages in honor of Padre Cicero. On 24 March, the Aniversario do Padre Cicero celebrates Padre Cicero in legend and song. The romaria (pilgrim age) to Juazeiro do Norte in honor of Padre Cicero takes place on I and 2 No vember and is known as the Dia do Romeiro e Festa do Padre Cicero. The city of Padre Cicero is rich in wood and ceramic sculpture. Look for the work of Expedito Batista, Nino, Cizinho, Jose Celestino, Luis Quirino, Maria de Lourdes, Maria Candida, F r ancisca, Daniel, JoseF erreira and Maria das Dores.

flowers are crafted. Save your purchases for Centro das Rendeiras, six km inland, where the lacework is just as fine and cheaper. Also on sale are sweet cakes made from raw sugar cane broth which is boiled into a thick mass, pressed and re boiled in vats. Praia do Morro Branco -This lovely beach. bounded on the coast by the rivers Rio Choro and Rio Piranji and inland by red cliffs, is four km south of the town of Beberibe. Spurn the annoy ing child guides who swarm around beach gringos, and instead enjoy the following options: take a jangada ride to the caves, hike to the cliffs of colored sands. drink from the natural springs of the Praia das Fontes, or simply savor the sun and surf.

The big festival here, dedicated to SaoFrancisco, is held on 3 and 4 September and features a grand pro cession. Canoa Quebrada -Once a tiny fishing village cut off from the world by its huge pink sand dunes, Canoa Quebrada is still tiny and pretty, but it is no longer the Shangri-La of the past. There are lots of hip international types run ning about, but basically the vil lage has peaked. Other than the beach, the main attractions are watching the sunset from the dunes, riding horses bareback and danc ing forr6 or reggae by the light of gas lanterns. If you still have en ergy remaining after a night of danc ing, hire a horse (four hours for $7 after bargaining) and ride out early in the morning. The electricity supply in town is erratic, so torches or candles are handy. Take care, bicho s de pe are underfoot. Wear shoes all around town and wherever pigs, sheep, and dogs roam freely. Despite the poor accommodation options, Canoa Quebrada is very crowded in the summer. Beach Park This full-blown beach resort, 22 km up the coast from Fortaleza, is one of the most modern in Brazil, with facilities such as ultralights, surfboards, and buggies. It also has an Aqua Park, which features a huge swimming pool complex with the highest wa ter toboggan run (24 meters; and speeds up to 80 km/h) in Brazil. It's quite expensive and would prob ably appeal more to travelers in search of structured fun. Paracuru -About 100 km from Fortaleza on BR-222 and CE-135, Paracuru is a Cearense version of Rio de Janeiro's Blizios. Coconut palms, natural freshwater springs and jangadas complete a tranquil beach picture. Although the beach attracts crowds from Fortaleza at weekends, it's quiet during the rest of the week. In recent years, Carnaval in Paracuru has become a byword amongst Cearenses for hot beach -

Excerpts from Brazil- .·1 Travel ."iurvival Kit

The music that is at the root of all Brazilian music is getting a revival. A new generation of sambistas has hit the clubs and the air waves with sur prising success. What is this sound you can't hear without moving your hips and opening your lips?

ALESSANDRA DALEVI Cariocas (Rio residents) regard it with scorn. The rest of the country calls it sambalan�o (samba+ swing),neo samba, sambanejo (samba + country), samba brega (samba + kitsch) or samba metal. Cariocas, however, call it samba Paulista (from Sao Paulo), the place where the new rhythm was born, meaning it is not samba at all. Cariocas understandably are very squeamish when the matter is samba and very jealous when they find out that a non-Carioca not only can sing it, but also can take it to the top of the charts. As it happens, samba was born in Rio. The first recorded samba was Donga's "Pelo Telefone" ("On the Tele phone") and it was released in 1917, in Rio, naturally. Sambalanr;o was created a few years ago and only since the beginning of last year has found a significant following. Today the rhythm has unseated sertanejo (country) as the most popular music in the land. The main force behind this feat is Ra�a Negra (Black Race), a band from Silo Paulo's east side, the most unglamo rous slice of town. At the end of last year Ra�a Negra had already sold 1.2 million copies of its Rar;a Negra Vol. 5, their latest album. The previous record has sold around 1.5 million copies. To put it in perspective, Jor g e Ben Jor, the bestseller on the MPB (Brazilian Popular Music) side of music, didn't sell more than 200,000 copies of 23, his latest re lease. In tune with their new status, the band leader, main composer and owner of the name Ra�a Negra, Luis Carlos da Silva, 34, together with his six companions, now charges $30,000 for a gig. Not bad for a bunch of guys who only a few years ago had to take the bus to get to the small clubs and private parties in the suburbs 42

where they used to sing. Today they all could move to zona sui (south area), the classiest side of Sao Paulo, but they prefer to continue at Vila Ercilia, the place where everything started 11 years ago. Their first record would be re leased only seven years after that un eventful beginning. The producer of the band's five al burris, Antonio Carlos de Carvalho, 49, tells why other groups don't make it: "After tasting success, many people want to put a violin in the arrangement, de cide to make their record in Los Ange les, and forget that their public is back there in the east side." For their latest 12-cut album, the group spent $12,000 and 130 hours in a studio, a modest amount of time and money when com pared to similar musical packages. Today Ra�a Negra has its own jet, and its members have the foreign car of the year in their garages. In addition, the group lends its name to a series of products including clothes and souve nirs. Their main public is teenagers, the same ones who until recently wouldn't miss a concert by their favorite country singers like Leandro & Leonardo and Zeze Di Camargo & Luciano. They even have been invited to agricultural fairs which used to be exclusive domain of countrv crooners. The female fans have been so bold and uninhibited as to fre quently throw their panties and other intimate pieces at the singers. "It's unbelievable how love increases with the passing of time," commented

NEWS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

da Silva recently, while showing some scratches caused by a more daring fan. "Who would think women would want to grab a big black guy like me." The second place in the ranking of the metal sambis tas is a band called S6 pra Contrariar (Just to Nag). One year ago, nobody outside the little domestic balls circuit knew them. This has changed dramatically in the last few months, after their song "A Barata" ("The Cockroach") became a top hit and their album ended up selling half a million copies. Now their agenda is full, months in advance, and they do around 20 shows a month, all over Brazil. They have done open air shows with thousands of spectators. There are more than teen ager s listening to Ra<;a Negra, S6 pra Contrariar, Cravo e Canela (Clove and Cinnamon), Wander Pires and their like. To be such big hits they have to reach dif ferent age and economic groups. In Porto Alegre, the capital of Rio Grande do Sui, Eldorado FM radio, the au dience leader in the city, has a menu where sambalanyo is the entree, the main course, and the dessert. It's the same story at Sao Paulo's super station Transcontinental FM. In Rio, despite the sour grapes, the sophisticated south-zone discos that have changed their format t o Paulista samba always have a full house. Their rhythm is so conta gious that even people who profess to hate their music (and their guts) catch them selves muttering their tunes. This, combined with simple lyrics dealing with love and heartaches, seems to be the secret of their success. Even though the tunes sometimes have a racier side. as when the Cravo e Canela band sings in its " Ai vem o Negao" ("Here comes the Big Black Guy ):Nem coroa ele perdoa niiol Fungou no cangote da (Not even linda morena... old ladies he leaves alone/ He whiffed at the nape ofthe lovely brunette... ) The sambalan<;o has ap propriated melodies, songs and lyrics from several mu sical styles. From country "

NEWS from BRAZIL. FEBRUARY 1995

Volta

Come back

Ra�ta Negra Fiquei sah..:ndo por ou

l'vc h..:en told by othcr

tras pessoas

peoplc

Que voce niio vai licar

That �·ou ar..: not staying

comigo

with mo.:

Que, pra voce, tudo

'Iltat, to you, ev..:rything

acabou

has cnded

Fim de caso, fim do

End of affair, cnd of our

nosso amor

Jove

Me pediu um tempo,

You asked me for time,

disse que era para pensar

told me it was to think

Que seu amor por mim

lltat your Jove for me

nunca vai acabar

Will nevcr end

Entiio volta e fala pra

Comc hack th..:n and tdl

mim quo.: .: mentira

mc that's a lic

Que ·nao vai me dci'\ar

That you are Jcaving me

por ningucm

for anybody

Entiio volta e acaha

Com.: hack th..:n and for

dc vcz com essa

once put an end to

angi1stia

this anguish

E diga pra mim, pois

And tell mc, since this

nao custa

is easy,

Que scmpre vai me

lltat you'll always Jovc

amar

Mas o tempo esta pas

But time is passing

sando

And you don't come

E nada dc voce voltar

hack

Estou confuso, niio

I'm confus..:d, I don't

sc1

em q ucm acrcditar

know \\ho to bdi..:ve

Cellular

Cclular Wandcr Pires Se voce sentir saudade

If you get the longing

Liga pro meu celular

Call my cellular

Liga pro meu celular Nao deixa a saudade

Call my ccllular . Don't let the longing

imperar

win

0 amor c tiio sublimc

l.ovc is so sublime

que abcnr;oa o corar;iio

lltat it blesses the h..:art

Chega a scr ate

It cvcn can bccome a

cnme

crime

Rcprimir uma pai'\ao

To reprcss a passion

De um fim nesse r..:gimc

Put an cnd to this regimc

De scr dona da

Of bcing owner of the

raziio

truth

A saudadc se

Longing can redeem

redime

itself

Nmna simples liga�tiio

By a simplc phonc call

Quem ja Jcvou surra de

Whocver has bc..:n bat

amor

tercd by Jove

Niio briga

Doesn't tight

Diz um alo

Say hello

E por favor me liga

And plcase do call

music they adopted the simple lyrics and the lost-love thematic; from romantic rock, the rhythm; from the old samba, the spice; from reggae, the swing; from funk. their hallucinated choreography. Their singers have been giving new clothes to old songs and making them known to a new generation who would never appreciate them otherwise. Oidsambistas, even when disagreeing with their interpretation, have been courting Ra<;a Negra and other neo samba groups in order to have an outlet for their production.

The appeal of the new sound can be illustrated by a story between Romario, the World Cup hero, and his lover Andrea de Oliveira. After one of the couple's frequent fights, in Barcelona, Romario, humble, anxious for a reconciliation, but unable to utter the right words that would touch Andrea's heart, from his car's cellular called the lover and let her lis ten to this Ra<;a Negra's tune: Escrevi o teu nome a laser pelos muros/ Nosso amor niio pode mais se esconderl Quero andar nas avenidas do futuro/ So com voce, so com voce (With laser I tagged walls with your name/ Our love cannot stay hidden anymore/ I want to walk on the avenues of the future/ Only with you, only with you). It worked. She cried, and later said, "Who can resist such a beautiful thing?" Paulinho da Viola, one of the old guard's most respected sambistas, although not a fan of the new rhythm, found some good words for the neo sambis tas for a recent interview with newsweekly magazine Jsto E: "I've learned a lesson in life. Nothing that becomes such a hit can be that bad. Some musi cal blending is able to strike a chord with people's sensibili ties. They were able to capture a feeling that was there, in the air." Even those who might re sent these bands' successes, like Leandro from the country duo Leandro & Leonardo, observes, "Brazil is very big and there's room for samba and country. We have been filling a place on the radio that belonged to for eign music. And it's good that the same thing is happening to samba." The Demonios da Garoa (The Drizzle's Demons), the oldest vocal ensemble in Latin A m e r i c a ac cording to the Guinness Book of Records, af ter 52 years of doing samba, also decided to embark on the new swing samba. The result was immediate: their latest song, "0 Seu Querer" ("Your Love") zipped to the top of the charts. But there is at least a cel ebrated sambista unconvinced. Beth Carvalho, from the top of her samba tower has decreed, "This is nothing more than a fleeting fad. The sound of these groups is too banal. Melodies and lyrics are so bad they can make you cry." • 43

Brazilian Notas SCOTT ADAMS With the passing of Antonio Carlos Jobim last December 8, I though it only appropriate to direct you to some Brazil ian treasures to help keep his memory and music alive: Ruy Castro's book, Chega de Saudade - Historia e as Historias da Bossa Nova (published by Companhia das Letras, and available by writing to Editora Schwartz, Ltda. Rua Tupi, 522 Sao Paulo, Brazil 01233 Tel. 011 826-1822 or fax 011 826-5523) is an insight ful accounting of the com plete story of bossa nova as J it really happened. Castro's research is nothing Jess than astounding; hundreds of in terviews, thousands of sto ries tracked and verified, nearly five years of prepa ration. -

The story unfolds with the panorama of the times: We're in the studio with young Joao Gilberto and Jobim as they record the very first bossas, we relive the all-night gatherings in Nara Leao 's Copacabana apartment, the Farney/Sinatra fan club, Ipanema's now-famous Veloso bar. The hundreds of pictures provide their own narrative. They illustrate the cultural revolution of bossa nova in ways that even the music fails to show. ·

There. are period maps of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo that pinpoint the sites and locations of the music, like the famous Bottle's Bar, aptly named for the barrage of glass bottles that would rain down from nearby apartments to end the frequent late-night jam sessions. Con cert programs, album covers, promo tional posters- they're all reproduced here, along with their stories. No doubt, Jobim's death will pre cipitate another resurgence of Bossa Nova, and as before, it's more than just the music. Last spring, Jobim was inau

gurated into the Songwriters Hall Of Fame, and like some musical Moses lead ing his people home, he returned to Rio riding a wave of public pride that has surpassed anything in recent memory. His now legendary performance on 44

the beach at Arpoador in the summer of '91 drew over 50,000 people and was highlighted by an inspired rendition of "Samba do Aviao," complete with an airline "flyby" timed perfectly with the conclusion of the song. Don't be surprised to see Leila Pinheiro's Benrriio Bossa Nova return to the marketplace. It has become the only bossa nova record ever to have gone gold in Brazil. Produced by Roberto Menescal, Leila moves through 40 of these timeless classics with a style that has prompted bossa nova veteran Ronaldo Boscoli to write: "Bossa nova, fulfilling the gap left by Nara Leao, has decided to elect Leila its new muse with this work. After a long and loving date, Leila chose this recording to celebrate her union with this movement." There is more than a passing resem blance to Nara Leiio with this recording. The musical style is in keeping with the original, and voice her sweeps and soars g e n t ly , with great play..- f u l passion. _,_... Sounds like a .-- love affair, doesn't it? Bos sa nova has manv suitors thes� days and they ali have captured Brazil in a musical embrace with its past that transcends nostalgia and replaces it with genuine affection. The rising international popularity of contemporary jazz has come to pro vide a launching pad for Brazilian Instrumental Music, and subsequently it's been targeted as "the next Brazilian wave." You need look no further than Windham Hill's Instrumental Music from Brazil sampler to see how this musical trend has begun to take hold. It features 13 tracks and nine artists from the highly stocked Visom Records talent pool. "Many factors have shaped our di rection, but most important is our desire to show the rest of the world our own cultural growth," said label ownerCarlos de An drade. "'Brazil's economic and social problems get so much attention that it's sometimes difficult to remind people of the riclmess that exists here. In Brazil, you have contemporary fusion \\�th Torcunto Mariano, the modern interpretations of traditional regional music with Alcmiio and the unvarnished enthusiasm of Ulisscs Rocha on yet an other side. Our musical variety is virtu-

ally unmatched in the world." And that's only the tip of the uh, iceberg. Groups: Aquarela Carioca, N6 Em Pingo D'Agua, Galo Preto, Uakti, La Vern a Tribo, Opus 5, Zonazul. Artists: Mario Cimbelli, Nando Cardeiro, Edgar Duvivier, Paulo Brasil, Mauro Senise, Serginho Trombone, Marcos Resende, Rildo Hora, Junior Homrich, Gilson Peranzzetta. Want a few more? Andre Geraissati, Victor Biglione, Pascoal Meirelles, Roberto Sion, Tomas, Paulinho Trompet e, William Magalhaes, Zezo Ribeiro. Echoing Visom's involvement with Windham Hill is Rio-based Caju M usic and its relationship with Fantasy Inc. British owner Barry Powely paints an enthusiastic picture for Brazilian instru mental music with a clear understanding of his labels' objectives. "When we started Caju four years ago, our idea was to provide high quality recordings of unknown musicians and give them a shot at establishing them selves," said Powely. "Then we found that many other small labels began pop ping up with the same approach. Now these musicians from Rio's club scene are more in the public's eye, not only here in Rio but all over Brazil and now in the US. There's been an incredible in crease over the last few years." Through Milestone World Music, Caju's releases have included Gosto de Brasil; a sparkling jazz interpretation of music from the Brazilian Northeast, in cluding a special tribute t o Luiz Gonzaga. The Bonfa Magic chronicles the long career of guitarist Luis Bonfa, by having the artist revisit his most fa

mous compositions. Dois Inniios by clarinetist Paulo Moura and guitarist Ratlhael Rabello won the Sharp· Pre mium Award for Best Instrumental Re cording of 1993. It's the highest honor in Brazil's recording industry and was re peated by the Caju label again in 1994. "We're working to become the Deutsche Gramophone of Brazil," said Powely. "And its something we feel the North American buyer will continue to appreciate. I expect Success will occur as new marketing techniques help the US buver to be more aware of what he is purch�sing."

As we begin the :new year, two al bums stand out as eatly favorites. One, an orchestral masterpiece that truly cap tures the spirit of Bossa Nova, and the other, a Pan-American portrait from NEWS from BRAZIL . FEBRUARY 1995

Roberto Perera. When a young Joao G il b e r t o emerged from Rio's Odeon recording studios one afternoon in 1958, he had no idea that his new 78 rpm single "Chega de Saudade" would grow to influence generations worldwide. But 36 years later, Bossa Nova, like some rare and beautiful perennial, has returned to the musical forefront. Ettore Stratta and The Royal Phil harmonic are the latest to discover this

musical truth with their new release, Symphonic Bossa Nova, on Warner Music's Tel dec label. Conductor Stratta 's credits include recordings with

Barbra Streisand, Placido Domingo and Lena Home, and three similar cross

over albums includingSym phonic Tango, Symphonic Boleros, and The Symphonic Andrew Lloyd Weber.

But why Bossa Nova, the American musak of the 70's? A fair question in a modern world where speed is measured in nanoseconds and our collective memory in megabytes. The answer, lit erally, is as close as your ears. Sym phonic Bossa Nova is a tonic for what we miss in life. The calming things we pass by, or put off. Like stopping to smell, (or here's a reality check) even notice the roses. And don't let the word '·sym phonic" scare you off. This isn't your father's classical orchestra. Stratta's keen rnusica I sense hones this group to a razor sharp edge, with a supporting cast that includes saxophonist Tom Scott, flutist Hubert Laws and vibe master Gary Burton. Add the Brazilian contingent-Trumpeter Claudio Roditi, Oscar Castro Nens and Dori Caymmi to one of the world's finest orchestras and you have a potent world class line up.

"Delirio" which showcases D'Rivera's alto sax in a more reflective setting, and several crossover titles portray a decid edly gentle passion. Perera's confidence as leader allows him the luxury of let ting the full musicianship of his group surface without his overt presence. That plus his arranging skill and a singular understanding of his instrument (very di_fficult, indeed) makes each track a winner.

cold night came this unexpectedly sunny morning. A falcon sunbathes on the top of the garapa tree while I listen to this wonderful recording, hiding behind sun glasses. Deep inside the forest, a toucan calls. .. Now, admit it. Couldn't you use some of that in your life? And that's another great truth, isn't it? Symphonic Bossa Nova is avail l,Jc from MusicSource at 1 (800)-490-5465. Uruguayan harpist Roberto Perera's long affair with Brazilian music has re surfaced once again, with the release of his new Heads Up album, Seduction. Riding high on the success of Dreams & Desires which won Billboard's coveted prize as Contemporary Latin Jazz Al bum of the Year, Perera builds on his tried and true platform of Latin pop and soothing instrumentals.

"Bringing the harp into the main stream of contemporary instrumental music has been a very rewarding chal lenge. My folk harp is significantly different from, say, the concert harp used by Andreas Vollenweider. I have much more freedom to create the variety of sounds and textures heard on Seduction. One minute, it will sound like a 12 string guitar, the next a cavaquinho, or a plucked violin. The folk harp's simplic ity is deceiving; there's a whole sym phony to be found in this instrument, and I think the listeners will be surprised."

Seduction begins with a samba, "Take You There," allowing the full resonance of his instrument, the Paraguayan Folk Harp, to make its presence felt. The gentle rhythm moves through several delightful changes, finally settling on its smooth samba rhythm, with guest musi cian Paquito D'Rivera's clarinet flow ing gracefully along with the melody.

Stevie Wonder's "I Am Singing" provides a special highlight, and under lines Roberto Perera's growing desire to unite all of his Americas; North, Central and South, with his own musical direc tion. The song opens with Perera's harp Others, such as the 1950's bolero, providing the melody and slips easily into its lyrical message, in Portu guese, English and Spanish. Rarely ' ' t. ) . \�,�L�.. dll ",.,,�,�, '""'''' l''tl .. ,, •1 ,,'ttl, llfh has any artist attempted anything so hemispheric with such grace and ... ·nL.ntll''�'"'-.._'1 Jlltt.'tt. '�, . f'l'�lttllt.. "l��.�.tl' . ' JOy.

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His compositions, "Romance de Medianoche," "Spanish Dancer" and "Crornatina" all feature his flowing technique and mastery of improvisation. And throughout his career, his challenge has been to elevate a simple folk instrument to an international status. His first al bum Passions, Illusions & Fanta sies scored a Gold record for sales in Latin America, where he is regu larly featured on Telernundo and Univision.

The songs: ·'One N o t e Samba," "Wave," "How Insensi tive" and "Berirnbau" are for ever etched into our social fab ric. But others, like the soulful "Atras da Porta" have their own special appeal. And you may even remember Dori Cayrnrni' s first hit song, made famous by Sergio Mendes and Brazil 66, but you'll never forget "Like A Lover" once you've heard AI Jarreau sing it on Symphonic Bossa Nova. Antonio Carlos Jobi m's

liner notes paint this mental pic ture from his hillside horne in Rio: Beautiful sunny morning. .. After the rain m1d the unusually NE\NS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

AQUARELA DO BRASIL

�

(WATE RCOLORI OF BRAZIL) Every shade, every tone, of one of the world's most romantic places is brought to life through Dionne's captivating voice. Twelve extraordinary songs including "Captives of the Heart," co-written by Burt Bacharach. Featuring Brazilian music legends Antonio Carlos Johim, Batacoto, Chico Buarque and others.

Availahle at

1\\\llit\ \\(C\1\\\\S

Seduction is recorded well, too, and Roberto Perera's harp has never sounded better. You can receive a free Heads Up Sampler CD by send ing $3.50 for shipping and han dling to Heads Up International, Ltd., PO Box 976 Lynwood, WA 98046. Order it directly from Tower Music ut I (800) 6-&8-48-&4. You can receive a free subscription to The Brazilian Music Review and sample selected tracks from these two albums and others 24 hours a day by calling The Brazilian Music Review Listener Line at (708) 292-4545. 45

Books

Plavs

in Rio·ASP

best-sellers

Capital Estrangeiro - Alle gory about contemporary Brazil, written by Silvio de Abreu and directed by Cecil Thin�. In Rio A Comedia dos Erros - An adaptation of Shakespeare byCacaRosset. With Cristi aneTricerri and Maria Alice Vergueiro. In Sao Paulo.

Fiction

A Gaiola das Loucas

Louro, Alto, Solteiro, Pro cura - Miguel Falabella,

who wrote the text, plays all 17 characters of this comi cal monologue. In Rio. 0 Medico e o Monstro - In thisGeorgOsterman'a com edy, a physician creates a potion that changes him into a monster. In Sao Paulo. -

Name inspired by interpreter Claudia Raia. Lyrics by Silvio de Abreu and directed by ze Rodrix. A Nova California - Based on short story by Lima Barreto. Man changes bones in gold. Directed by Jose Maria Rodrigues. In Rio Porca Miseria - Four Ital ian brothers struggle to sur vive in Sao Paulo. Director: Gianni Ratto. In Sao Paulo Querida Mamlie - Maria Adelaide Amaral play about a touchy mother-daughter relationship. In Rio. Tangos e Tragetlias - Hu morists Hique Gomez and Nico Nicolaiewski have been packing thePalladium, in Sao Paulo, (or 10 years.

Trair e Cofar E So Comefar

A loony maid makes life miserable for her bosses. In Sao Paulo. 46

Paulo Coelho (Rocco)

2. Nat/a Dura para Semp re

Sidney Sheldon (Record)

3. Comedias da Vida Pri

vada-Luis Fernando Veris

sirno (L & PM)

4. Contos Reunidos

Rubem Fonseca (Companhia das Letras)

Twenty years later, Rio's Cage aux Folies is back with the same duo who starred in it two decades ago, Jorge Doria and Carvalhinho. Jorge Fernando directs the new mise-en-scene.

Nas Raias da Loucura

1. Na Mar g em do R i o Piedra Eu Sentei e Chorei

(0 lvf,

Dalmatians 0 01 Ditlmatas -A Guerra dos Ditlmatas). Ricf1ie Ric h (Ri q;inho). � Baby's Day Out (Ninguem . Segura Este Bebe). Enaless Summer II (Endless Still/Iller Vanva on .J2nd Street io Vcfnia em Nova York). 1iR,hlander 3 - The Sorcerer (Highlander 3 0 Feiti ceiro). Death Wish 5 (Desejo de Malar). The Afan With out a Face (0 Homem sem Face), Junior (Junior ), The Killing Zone (Parceiros do Crime) . Interview with the Vampire (Entrevista com o Vampiro)

�.

TheAdventures ofPriscilla, Oueen of the Desert (Pris

Cilla. a Rainha do Deserto) Australia - (1994) - There drag queens cross Australia aboard a bus called Priscilla. -

Barnabo de Ia Montagna (0 Guardii'io da Jvfontanha) - Italy- ( 1994)- The coming

of age of an adolescent. DI rected by Mario Brenta.

Carlota Joaquina- Prince sa do Brazir- Brazil - 1994

- Directed bv Carla Camu rati, it tells tbe story of the wife of Doin Joao VI.

Map of the Human Heart

(Awpa do Coray_ao) En gland/Canada - (1992) - Es I<imo falls in love when in a Montreal hospital. Veja Esta Canflio- Brazil (1993) - Four episodes in spired by four songs : ''Pisada de Elefante" (Ben Jor) "Drao" (Gil), "Samba do Grande Amor" (Chico Buarq,ue), and "Voce e Linda (Caetano Veloso).· Caca Diegues directs. -

1 Bed Time Stories

(Pop) Warner Music Madonna

Rhythm and blues

2 Sobre Todas as Forfas

(Reggae) Sony Music

Cidade Negra

Third release of this controversial reggae band

3 Forrest Gump

(Sound Track) Sony Music Elvis Presley, Bob Dylan, & others

4 Voodoo

(Rock) EMI-Odeon Rolling Stones

5 Per/zaps Love

(Romantic music) Sony Music Phicido Domingo

Domingo sings American classics with John Denver.

5. Jogo Perigoso

Stephen Kin� (Objetiva) 6. As Valkirws

Paulo Coelho (Rocco)

7 .Do Amor e Outros Demo uios - Gabriel Garcia Mar

quez (Record)

8. Corrida pela H�tranfa

Sidney Sheldon (Atica)

9. 0 Fisico

Noah Gordon (Rocco)

10. Entrevista com o Vam piro

Anne Rice (Rocco)

Nonfiction 1. Maktub

Paulo Coelho (Rocco)

2. Chato, o Rei do Brasil

Fernando Morais das Letras)

(Comp.

3. Auto Estima

Lair Ribeiro (Objetiva) 4. Anjos Cabalisticos

Monica Buonfiglio (Berkana) 5. 0/ho Magico 3

N.E. Thing (Martins Fontes)

6. 0/ho Magico 2

N. E. Thing ( Martins Fontes)

7. Saudades do Seculo 20

Ruy Castro (Cornpanhia das Letras)

8. Cruzando o Limiar da

John-Paul II (Francisco Alves)

Esperanfa -

9. A Lanterna na Popa

Roberto Campos (Top Books)

10. 0 Olho Mugico

N. E. Thing (MartinsFontes) NEVVS from BRAZ:L

•

FEBRUARY 1995

HELPING HAt\JD In Brazil, the Legiao da Boa V.ontade, a non-profit organization, has been doing charity for decades. When they opened an office recently in Manhattan, adopted the name of Legion of Good Will, and affiliated itself to the United Nations, we knew we would soon be hearing about their good deeds in American soil. It's hap pening right now. The Legion's staff is accepting applications for families in need of food, clothes, shoes, blan kets, and other basic necessities. The person to call is Mrs. Joana Vitorino at the phone (212) 302-3700. For those interested in contacting her in person or by mail, the address is 45 West 46th St.- 5th Floor, New York, NY 10036.

BIG

BUCKS

Among the 15 scientists given the 1994 Faculty Fellow Award by presi dent Bill Clinton, at the end of last year, one was Brazilian Marcelo Gleiser, a professor of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Dartmouth. He was awarded the honor thanks to his research on the evolution of t h e uni v e r s e after the big bang. The value of the prize is half a million dollars, to be d i a p $100,000 a year. for five years. With '· his first share of the money, • w the scientist decided to buy a series of top of the line computers and software, and to hire finally some help to continue his research on the universe. Born in Copacabana, Gleiser made all his graduate and post-graduate studies in Rio, something he is proud of. "This prize," he says, "shows that people can have a very good education study ing in Brazil." NEWS from BRAZIL

•

FEBRUARY 1995

By ptiiCticlnf- exerciSeS In American-style En glish vowels and consonants, you II rmmediately feel comfortable g01ng beyond pronuiiCI3tion and mto lnloaatloa , or the "melody" of AmeriCan speech. All exercises are read by "native speak ers" of American English. so you can be sure you are practicing the most accurate pronunciation. After just a few sessions, you'll experience: • New willingness to "speak up" • Heightened self-confidence •Improved business & personal relationships • A strong feeling of acceptance Designed by The Ford Language Institute, a worldwide-recognized leader in speech enhance ment and training, The American Accent Pro gram includes: eight audio cassettes-eight full hours of instruction and practice, an illustrated

Ml nll¥8r realized llow mucll my ......,. drlwl held me ucll before I atartet1 11111t IIIII Accenl Ellmlnallon Program. New, Instead of belna con stantly looked down UIIOII, by my clients, IIIey look --..,ff/11,_,11,_ up to mel" "Since coming to this country, I bave seen a lot ol opportunity until going through this program and making a real eHort to reduce my heavy accent, I couldn't take adva!ltage of II. Now, I speak with confidence, tnd people seem to trust me more... . . •

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213 255-8062 NEINS from BRAZIL- FEBRUARY 1995

FEIRA LIVRE OPEN MARKET

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� Correio. Literatura, best-sellers,

dicionarios, livros tecnicos.Per.a catalogo gratuito. Luso Braztl ian Books - P.O. Box 170286NFB - Brooklyn, NY 11217 huo: (718) 624-4000 - Only for orders: (800) 727-LUSO. Know-How - In�Ies para Brasi leiros - Livro pratico de hlgles Portugues gravado em tres fitas K7. Promincia americana. $40 total. Envie cheque ou money orderpara: Grallam Books-P.O. Box 291453 -Port Orange, FL 32129-1453. Tel: (407) 3510254. CLASSES Brazilian Music Therapy Group meetings to listen to, translate, tmderstand and enjoy songs.This is an informal cfass for Brazilian song lovers not for music professionals. (415) 7719474 Enjoy the pleasures of life: leam to fly helico p ter (in En glish or Portuguese)! Call now' Phone/Fax: (805) 297-3691 Pager: (310) 785-7188 Study Portuguese with creden tialed instmctors. Small groups and individual tutorin& Regts �. tration always open. we also otTer courses in Rio de Janeiro. (310) 839-8427 Portuguese classes -Individual & small groups. Relaxed, fun, but very effictent and personal ized lessons. I'm a native Bra zilian instructor with an univer sity degree in languages. Try a free lesson. (415) 771-9474

COSTUME Carnaval esta chegando! Voce

pode ter a sua propria fantasia de sonho e sambar dentro de uma fantasia de escola de samba do Rio. Tenho varias da Man gueira e de outras grandes escolas. E o pre'Yo e super camarada, dePierrot pra Colom bina. Bate um fio .agora. (310) 798-4761 ENTERTAINMENT J,<:xotic samba dancers, tradi

tional music and dance of Bra zil. For clubs, celebrations, etc. Video available.(408) 464-2234 MAGAZINES & NEWSPAPERS

do Brasil. Recebemos jomais diarios a!em de todas as principais revistas, incluindo masculmas e femi ninas, alem de gibis, palavras cmzadas e livros de bolso.Tel. & fax: (617) 787-0758 Jornais e revistas

NEWS from BRAZIL

•

FEBRUARY 1995

MUSIC Brazilian Music in its totality.

Samba, bossa nova, jazz, chori nllo, lambada, baiiio, frevo, axe, and more. CDs andTapes. Mail delivery available. Merchant Express - (800) 589-5884 Guitars Di Giorgio for sale Order now with ro free lessons on tapes. Audio visual method by Maia. Also video tapes avail able.Play from first lesson. More details call Las Vegas (702) 3692129

FEIRA LIVRE RATES SOc a word.

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d.:Juo.:t 10%. tin 12 times do..:dm:t 15%. POLI{'Y; /\II ads to be prepaid. Ads arc accepted at our d1scrctton. SorrY, no credit card at this time. Your canceled d1u:k 1s \om receipt. l'kasc, im:lude address ;md phone mnnher. \\hio.:lt \\ ill he kept confidential DEADLINE: Th.: l'ith of the month. !.ate material will he held for th.: li>llm\ mg month tf appropriate. TO PLACE AD Send ad with check or money order to Ncn s from Bralil P.O. Box 42536 Los Angeles, {'A 90050-0536.

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American businessman has lived in your country and loves your people, music, & dance. Desires fnendship/romance with Brasilei.ra between 22-30 years. Interests include yoga, health food, nature. Please write R.B. 1106 2nd St. #268, Encinitas, CA 92024 American J ewish man, 36, sin cere, deep, fun, active, doctor, seeks Jewish lady under 35 with brown eyes and long dark hair, in Los Angeles area. (310) 2713168. American, 52, has travelled to Brazil, desires correspondence wiU1 young, open-minded Brasi leira living in the US, to explore compatibility and romance.

Write: M.F.K ., P.O.B. 215, Redmond, WA 98073 Americano, 37 anos, delgado, olhos azuis, professor de Ingles. Fala Frances, Espanhol,Itabano, Portugues. Deseja encontrar brasileira, 18-30 anos. Escreva para William, 1431 Ocea.n Ave., #I I 06, Santa Monica, CA, 90-101. Brasileiro, 40 anos, solteiro, residente, curso super ior. Procura corresponder-se com bmsileira, morena clara ou loi.ra, entre 21 a 30 anos, boa apa rencia e fisico, com saitde, para um compromisso serio levando a casamento. Escreva para 6601 BroadwaySt. -San Francisco, CA 94133. - Ou chame (415) 399-0787 (Apreciaria foto ). Femando Carioca. French American guy looking for friendship witft Brazilian men 35-55. (310) 659-3139 or write: Occupant, P.O. Box 16655, Beverly Hills, CA 90209 L.A./Ph.D.- Loyal, funny and supportive seeks smart, loyal :md young Brazilian lady age 28 to 35 for love and compan ionship. Write letter with photo to Dr. G. Martin - 1107 Fair Oaks #184 - South Pasa dena, CA 91030 or call (213)

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large green areas, plentiful trans portation, parking, presti_g_e ad dress: BETIIESDA,MD. vwner offers elegant, de luxe, mint condition 1 BR, extralarge LR apartment next to Montgomery Mall (all large stores, skating, skiing). $95,000. Call for ap pointment: (30 I) 365-2079 NATAL, BRAZIL- Let's buy or build our own winter-sum mer getaway pousada. Lookin� for partners. Call(813)774-745lS or write: 6067 Hollow Dr. Naples, FL 33962 RECIFE, BRAZIL - Eco logist's dream. Pousada inside 400-acre forest reserve. 40 miles north of Recife. I 0 minutes from beaches. Eam income while pre serving nature. Informahon: Phone of Fax 011-55-81-4651383 RENTAL

for single woman.Share kitchen/bath with Braz i I ian/ American family. W.L.A. $400 U tilities included. (310) 287-0905

Private

studio

SouveNIRS Camisetas, posters, novidades

do Brasil pelo correio. Mande hoje ainda 29� em selo para catalogo � ratis.StudioTee-P.O. . - Cooper Station, NY Box 146� 10276 TRAVEL Washington Tour & Travel -

Brasil Vigo - International MoneyTransmitter - Passagens aereas domesticas e interna cionais. Enviamos dinheiro para o Brasil em 24 horns. Traslados dos aeroportos em Washington D.C .. Tours em Washington D.C. -Tel: (703) 527-6977 TRANSLATION Certified translator, fast and

reliable. Call Sonia (813) 7747458 49

WEDNESDAY 1 r.-·��r@m Zabumba has live music daily. See ad at p. 4

THURSDAY 2 I:JWAS:ur•n•m 8:30PM & 10:30 PM- Garotas de lpanema at Tatou

I:JS:Jl1S!:r4

9:00 PM - Carlao Nino's

and guitar at

�·]�![!{� 9:00 PM - Marcos Santos at 14 Below

FRIDAY 3 �!ltJ f:J'!WI:l:f!lU!tf.. 9:00 PM - 1:30AM - Brazil Brasil Show withSombrasilandAquarela at The Ferryboat

r:J¥l33•y-•i([!!:3 8:30PM & 10:30 PM- Garotas de lpanema at Tatou

SATURDAY 4 !!t��UOOS!::J:1 8:00 PM - Constellation Band at Zabumba

SUNDAY 5 I'N!J#iiII�[CJItl�ll!l!J 2:00 PM - 8:00 PM - Brazilian

Folklore at 14 La Perla Restaurant, 1832 Columbia Rd. - (202) 7235854

!!t�'Y!UtCJS!#I:1 8:00PM-New Constellation Band at Zabumba

THURSDAY 9 fffiW3il'"Aill!!:3

Zabumba

[!"tJHcJ:J:t!l� 8:00 PM - 1:00AM - Romance in Rio Brazilian Carnaval Ball with MILA at Travel Lodge Hotel, 700 Queenway Or. - (310) 436-7794

SUNDAY12 l'lfll.�IcJitNII!I!] 2:00PM-8:00PM- Brazilian Folklore at 14 La Perla Restaurant, 1832 C olum bia Rd. - (202) 723-5854

f*1�.:1:f!l�[IU�-tl!tl

6:30PM-11:30 pm -Carnaval Ball with Zeca do Trombone at Pasand Lounge

[!"t�"Yllficl3!*l 8:00 PM - New Constellation Band at Zabumba

8:30PM & 10:30 PM- Garotas de lpanema at Tatou

I:J*';;J\13!:r4 9:00 PM - Carlao Nino's

and guitar at

r.: ;..,... ....,.�. f:f !U"I'"t.""!J_,J�. -r.tl .,l.,.�."U'"'!f""!�

9:00 PM- Katia Moraes at 14 Be low

FRIDAY 10 fi'iJY$ll 8:00PM- Roberto CarlosatJames Knight Center in Downtown

!=J:W=-;;u•11m•!#i

8:30PM & 10:30 PM- Garotas de lpanema at Tatou

r:f!1�I:1:{!1�oo:Iiii]

9:00PM - 1:30AM - Brazil Brasil Show withSombrasilandAquarela at The Ferryboat

SATURDAY 11 !I'llr!'1i'1II 8:00PM- Roberto CarlosatJames Knight Center in Downtown

LOS ANGELES 14 Bl'low -1348 14 th St., Santa Monica- (310) 451-5040 Bokaos Club - 8689 Wilshire Beverly Hills- (310) 659-1200 Cafe Danssa - 11533 W. Pi co81. West L.A.- (310) 478-7866 Fais-Do-Do - 5257 W . Adams L.A .- (310) 842-6171 LaVe Ll'c-12514 Ventura 81 . Studio City- (818) 980-8158 Le Cafe - 14633 Ventura 81. Sh. Oaks- (818) 986-2662 Mauro's - 8112 Melrose Ave. Los Angeles- (213) 653-2874 Saint J\farks- 23 WindwardAve. Venice- (310) 452-2222 SambaLli - 199 Cherry Ave. Long Beach- (310) 983-9190 Tatou - 233 N. Beverl y Dr. Beverly Hills- (310) 274-9955 Zabumba -10717 Venice Blvd Culver City- (310) 841-6525

f!{i�'Y!UI@!:J:j

8:00 PM - Constellation Band at 50

NEVVS from BRAZIL

FEBRUARY 1995

calendar - february 95 - u.s.a. THURSDAY16 I:J::rj:mn:U!!:J

at 14 La Perla Restaurant, 1832 Columbia Rd. - (202) 723-5854

8:30 PM & 10:30 PM - Garotas de lpanema at T atou

8:00PM -New Constellation Band

LOS ANGELES

"'"' . ,.= ��=

I:J:mt1::t!::O

9:00 PM- Carlao and guitar at Nino's

ANTA M Nl A

9:00 PM- Marcos Santos at 14 Below

FRIDAY 17 I:J:WE:13ftilJQ:J

at Zabumba

THURSDAY 23 r:ltll�I#jl!U[tJ:J!!UJiiU!I

8:00P M-Super Carnaval95starts

tonight and runs every night includ ing Sunday 26 at Las Vegas Ill.

r:IW4::t;Jaw:JJ1!�G

8:30 PM & 10:30 P M - Garotas de lpanema at Tatou

8:30 PM & 10:30 PM-Garotas de lpanema at Tatou

9:00 PM - 1 :30 AM - Brazil Brasil Show with Sombrasil and Aquarela at The

6:30 PM - 11:30 pm - Grito de Carnaval with Zeca do Trombone

!#f.\l�l:l:f!UtiJ�1'Itl

Ferryboat

SATURDAY18 !�!::wA'l•lirn

10:00 PM - 4:00 AM - Carnaval Verde e Rosa with Jamelao and Miss Brazil-94

at New York State Armory, Lexington Ave. (bet. 26th & 27th St.)- (212) 7684832

f#f!UI::I;r!Ut!U'-1'I•J

8:00 PM - 26th Annual Friends of Brazil Carnaval with Carnaval legend Emilinha Borba at Galleria Design Cen

ter. - 101 Henry Adams - ( 415) 3340106. See ad at p. 38

!iliffi,.,!1'-E:I"!"'EI..,�� ..

at Pasand Lounge

9:00 PM - Carlao

Nino's

and guitar at

SANTA MONICA CA

9:00 PM - Katia Moraes at 14 Be

low

FRIDAY 24 BE ERLY HILL

8:30 PM & 10:30 PM-Garotas de lpanema at Tatou

!:a�•JSU�

7:00PM- Karen Yamashita reads from her novels Brazil Maru and Through the Arc of the Rain Forest

8:00 PM - Yoruba Carnaval Festival

at AFSC, 980 N. Fair Oaks - (818) 791-1978

9:30 PM - Brazilian Carnaval Night

9:00 P M - 1:30 A M - Br.azil Brasil

SUNDAY19 I'NlJ.1IDUtHtNII!I!]

SATURDAY 25 I!•��U[CJ31:t:i

f!•J..'7!1Hcl3m

with Marcos Santos at Fais Do Do

with Brazilian Girls and special guest Max Jr at Zabumba. See ad p. 4

2:00PM-8:00PM-Brazilian Folklore

f:fm'.l""::l,.;!""!l.�, "'tiU..'l!It)

Show withSombrasilandAquarela at The Ferryboat

8:00 PM - 3:00 AM - 14th Annual Brazilian Mardi Gras with MILA 1 Constelar;ao and Sol e Mar at

Hollywood Palladium - (213) 8527119. See ad at p. 3 Alberto's- 736 W. Dana St.,

MtnView, (415) 968-3007 Aioli - 469 Bush Street San Francisco- ( 415)2490900 Ashkenaz - 1317 San Pablo Ave.-Berkeley (510) 525-5054 Bahia - 41 Franklin St. - S. Francisco (415) 626-3306 Chambord - 152 Kearney St. S. Francisco ( 415) 434-3688 The Ferryboat- Embarcadero St, Pier 3, SF, (415) 788-8866 Nino's - 1916 Martin L. King Jr., Berkeley (510) 845-9303 Pasand Lounge - 2284 Shat tuckAv., Berk. (510) 848-0260 The Ramp- 855 China Basin San Francisco ( 415) 621-2378 Yoshi's -6030 Claremont Ave. Oakland (510) 652-9200

f:Wim!lHI{(.."l!It)

8:00 P M- 26th Annual Friends of Brazil Carnaval with Carnavalleg end Emilinha Borba at Galiena

Design Center. - 101 Henry Adams - (415) 334-0106. See ad at p. 38

f:!;.l!li!!1�HtJBi.1

12:00 NOON- 2:00 PM - Dancing to the beat of a Brazilian Grum a1

Crocker Art Museum - (916) 2645423

SUNDAY 26 f'!lEJ.1i1WrcJI•l�II!I!l

2:00 PM - 8:00 P M - Brazilian Folklore at 14 La Perla Restaurant,

1832 Columbia Rd. - (202) 7235854

6:30 PM - 11:30 pm - Carnaval Ball with Zeca do Trombone at

Pasand Lounge

fi{•J."Y!N[cl3!3=j

8:00P M-New Constellation Band

at Zabumba NEWS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

Boston Area Livraria Plenitude

(800) 532-5809

Consulate Consulado G. do Brasil

(617) 617-542-5202

Dentist Sylvio P. Lena

(617) 924-1882

Food & Products Aqui Brazil

(617) 787-0758 Brasil Brasil

(617) 561-6094

Instruction Braz. & Amer. �· ln<L

(617) 787-7716

M'fi'

CiiiWIJ*J·m:mmr:nEJ

1flil9

Centro Cultural GaUcho

Around the World Trl.

(213) 256-6548

(800) 471-6333

Clube Bras. d:� Calif.

Brazil Tours

(714) 857-6764

(818) 767-1200

MILA· Sumba School

Cheviot Hills Trani

(310) 391-6098 SambaUi -Esc. de Samba (310) 983-9190

(31 0) 202-6264 F & H·Hotel Reprc•. (800) 544-5503

$·),"·''"9

Miami

Henriques - Mamtenance (818) 767-5153

Area

Wi•hfjii§U·

Brazilia.n Consulate

Airlines

(213) 651-2664

•prnmy

Transbrasil

Gilberto l l<'nrique-s

(213) 464-05�4

(800) 872-3153 Varig

Jose Carlo• D. Polido

(800) 468-2744

(714) 642-011�

Vasp

•&anapc.J,,,,,.,,.

(800) 732-8277

=f?i]\f

Brazili�tn Nites Prod.

(818) 760-4600

Banco do Brasil

Pegasu,- Parti<'5 & Ent.

(305) 358-3586

Brazil CDs

(818) 549-0383

Banco Nadon�tl

(617) 524-5030

Ricardo Gehr

(305)

w:mnmmn·hf

(818) 831-0992

Banco Real

The Rio Thing

(305) 358-2433

(818) 753-4932

Banespa

emmnm!!IiiW

(305) 358-9167

The Brazilian Monthly

(617) 566-3651

Restaurants Care Brazil

(617) 789-5980 Tropic�Uia

(617) 567-4422 Pampas Churrascaria

(617) 661-6613

Chicago Consulado G. do Br�tsil

(312) 464-0244

Translations Portuguese Lan�. Ctr.

(312) 276-6683

Los Angeles Area

Brazilian l\h.rkct

(310) 827-9139

(407) 354-5200 Clim. Com. Brasil- EllA

l\tena�e a Trois

(305) 579-91130

(310) 278-4430

xport

Brazil un" US (310) 6117-9771

r;mrm;u.u

Br:l'il llra<il Cult. Ctr

(31 U) 397-3b6 7

l\1odern L.lng. Cl·nter

(31 U) 839-8427

Bossa NoYa - GeOq�ia

(818) 891-0912 Braz.Jazz/ All Occasions

(31 0) 839-3 788 Jazz - Richard Samu('l�

(818) 798-5424

Physician

(310) 364-0160

w·nn:•gnfw Bakari Art Studio

(213) 938-0523 �·olk Creations

(310) 693-2844 Uniquely Brazil . Folk

(818) 458-1474 Zebi Designs

(310) 391-6530

•Wtfl;jQ•§Ii

Cosmo Auto Paru

(213) 259-9818

(213) 688-2996

ffilN1h1•

Joy'5 Catering

(310) 438-3415 Remi Vila Real

(818) 280-0061

New

Area

.-mw:J:ttNfUQ All Braz. Imp. & Exp.

(305) 523-S 134 Vi:• Brasil

(305) 866-7718

amathf

Dr. Jorge l\Iacedo

(3115) 541-7819 llr. Nt·ri Franzon (3115) 772-4694

1cat1ons

MWD;fti·'rlh''"'·fi Brazilian Ch. of Com.

(212) 575-9030 (212) 916-3200

Auto Repair

ro ucts

(213) 255-4953

(718) 204-1521

(510) 223-5190 News from Brazil

(415) 648-5966

Restaurants

(415) WS-481-1

Bahia Brazilian Rest.

W=Mrtf11·"W

(415) 626-3306

Carmen's International

Merchant Express

(415) 433-9441

(20 I) 589-5884

Dalven Hair Design

f'lDID'·"F

(415) 433-7646

Brazilian Voice

(415) 986-4058

\\'est Bike

Nl·ws from Brazil

(71 X) 746- 11 1 69 Por·tug:ti-Brw-.il Ne ws (21 J) 22X-2'>:'� The Bn.silians (�12) 382-16311

estaurants

Nino's

(4 1 5) 241-9125

(51 0) 845-9303

Clubs

Taqueria Goyaz

(415) 8�1-4600

D.A.S.O.

Brasilia

Day Area Brasilian Club

(-115) 587-4990 Raimundo Franco

Consulate Brazilian Consulate

Cabana C:1rioca

(415) 981-8170

(21�) 581-8088

Dance Instruction

lndi�o Blues

(21�) 2�1-111133

Aquarela

S.O.B.

(212) �43-4940

genc1es

llarh Tour Service

(510) 548-1310 Brazil Culture & Arts (51 0) 21 5-8202 Ginga Brusil

lnt<'rnational Sandnv

956-1b30

E.�cola Nova de Samb:1

(4 1 5) b61-4N8 Samba d o Corafao

(415) 826-2588 Samba, Swing & Suor (415) 282-7378

Dental Care

(212 ) 826-3019

Roberto Sales, DDS

Santo5 Dumont Int.

(510) 451-8315

(415) 648-5966

Care B•·asil

San Diego

Copacahana

(213) 467-341) Pan ll:mdh r (714) 97tJ-582o

•

Rio Gr:uHil'

(818) 3 71>-112!12

Yolit"s Brazilian Stl'ak

(714) 251-0722 Zabumba

(31 0) 841-6525

(3115) 561-:nss llTII Tours

(81�1) RRAS!L-4

Uiwon.·r Br-azil Tour'

(SOU)

524-3666

Eur·oamerica

(305) 358-3003 International Tours

(800) 822-1318 Luma Tntvel

(305) 374-8635

Brazilian Int. AITairs

l\1onark Tr:1nl

(310) 854-5881

(305) 37+5855

ToC':mtins Communic.

New Port T ou �

(818) 343-4451

305) 372-5007

California Produce

(415) 586-6200 IIGC Imp. Whole•ale

AUantktur

(8011) 535-0942 Rr,tzili;m \Van•

(408) 947-8511

·lB•IfdiJ'

Ivan Po r to (800) 3 1 4-4�21>

Clubs & Associations

Clube Br.-. San DieRO

(619) 295-0842 Sunday Ni�ht Cl. Brazil

Tucanos Travel

(415) 454-9961

(202) 331-8913 Vasp

(202) 822-8277

:W:f

Danco do Brasil

(202) 857-0320 Banco doEsl. d e S . Paulo

Clubs & Associations

Portuguese Lang. Serv.

(202) 362-8334

(415) 587-4990

Money Remittance Via Brazil

(415) 863-0218

(619) 234-340 I

(415) 695-9258

•''i£lilDlPii1Iifl'iiH

•Wihlf

Transbrasil

(202) 682-1151

•mmm"it'·'·"•

Brazil lmporh

ashington DC Area

Po1·tuguese - A Frame (5111) 339-9289

(415) 673-0262

(619) 479-VIGO

Santini Tours

(510) 843-2363

OEIM"·h

(619) 222-6'111

Vi�o-Cali font ia

(415) 921-3353

Varlg

(310) 657-5070

By Brazil

Travel Agencies Rio Roma

(202) 775-9180

Food

Bossa Nova

(714) 720-1522

(415) 285-8364

(510) 428-0698

Brazilian Coffet> Dist.

Brazilian Tropical

753-2666

Port. LanR. Services

(415) 665-1994

Brazilian P:.lvillion

Sunset Soccer Supply

(-II))

Translation

Computer 1\Iicronet

(212) 758-8129

i'1ii9

(415) 661-2788. (415) 334-0106

(212) 869-Y2oo Brazil 2000 (212) 877-7730

( 415) 626-8727

Michelangelo Cafe

:DQ;j9•f'l

(212) 869-7022

(415) 864-6788 Canto d o Brasil

(415) 441-3344

(415) 681-5355

Jo,olha do Dnt�il

Cafe Mardi Gras

Little R i o

Neyde's

(20 I) 955-1 137

Cafe d o Brasil

(415) 626-6432

(415) 421-B!BO

(201) 578-�675

Publications Brazil Today

Bibbo

Coisa Nona

(�12) 76+5680

Ca es

(510) 268-8967

BanC'o do llra5il

Odvssea Travel Service

News from Brazil

M. C. Printing

=f!il!f

AmazOnia

(718) 699-2900

Printing

(510) 444-8100

(415) 565-3560

(212) 757-3080

(20 I) 313-0996

(415) 832-6219

Matts Auto Body

H·!tf1''fil'·

(718) 545-0608

Restauran s

Attorney Ralph Baker

Brazilian Gen. Cons.

Trave

Dr. Guilherme Salgado

(415) 673-6868

(212) 224-6�80

Phys1c1an

(800) 732-VASP

Nel,on Auto Repair

llrazilian Trade Bur.

i\J,·stical Dr,tinations

1cat1ons

(415) 871-2201

Vasp

Br:uilian Com. Bureau

(310) 281-7536

Mus1cal lnstruments Tamborim & Samba

(415) 986-5737 (800) 727-LUSO

(415) 342-8508 Voz do Brazil

Varig

Luso-Brazilian Books

Viva Brazil

(415) 586-2276

•Wihlf

Jersey

N:1sccnte Tr:n:el

Wlf!jl'lmmmmrgmw

Francisco

(7 i 8)

(310) 837-8'157

Banco do Brasil

(3115) 262-821�

Terra Sui

(415) 752-9782

New York

Arnaldo Sou1.a

(305) 595-3238

(510) 945-0138

San

\'ia Brasil Tra,·el

WiliT'WU"9f1UW

Pit Stop·Olicina do Ita

:wt

ent1sts

�'larcos Silva

(305) 866-7580

Eliz:thelh Alml'ida �LA.

Jofio Fontes

(31 0) 643-6666

( 3115) 285-6200

Or. �lario Sanchts

(310) 828-7454 lnArid Rodi - Gynet·. (310) 451-�144 Nilson ..-\. Santos (213) 483-343(1

(31 0) 787- 75�0

(3 1 0) 396-6690

ConsuhHio do Hr:l"iil

(305) �71-7311

DCdo Rangl'l

Vasp

(813) 84�-3161

Hl·dimo dl· S:t

USIC

(31 0) 285-9670

(800) GO V ARJ<;

ARARA - Amazon. A,;.

onsu ate

Paulo Coharte

Varig

[ilffii£fZ•m:mmr:nFJ AIH'C ·As. Bras. da Fl6r.

j§ll

mpor

372-1)100

Venture Tr:t\-·el

(305) 379-7678

ViRO West Brazil

Music Fo�o na Roupa

510

635-8406

Draz. Am. Cult.

lnst.

In st. of Brazil. Bu5iness

(202) 994-5205

iiD•ffti'

Embaixada do Brasil

(�02) 745-2700

Travel Agencies Intern. Discount Travel

(703) 750-0101 \\'ashin�ton

Travel

(703) 527-6977 NEWS from BRAZIL · FEBRUARY 1995

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NEWS from BRAZIL· FEBRUARY 1995

Two years of investigation and

60,000 pages of evidence were not enough to convince Brazil's Supreme Court of Fernando Collor de Mello's culpability. And all the science and technology of American medicine were not enough to save the life of Pedro Collor de Mello, the former president's brother and the man who started the process that would lead to Fernando's impeachment. Meanwhile, Dona Leda, the matriarch of the Collor family, has been in a comma for more than two years in a 5ao Paulo hospital. KATHERYN GALLANT One of the most cont roversial tri足 als in Brazilian history has come to

c lose. On December 12, former Presi足 dent Fernando Collor de Mello was acquitted of one charge of passive corruption by the Supreme Court. The following day. Paulo Cesar Farias

(PC), Collor's former campaign trea

to be on good terms with the Collor

surer, was convicted by the same Su

administration.

preme Court of falsifying official

The case of Colonel Sebastiao

documents and sentenced to seven

Curio, who was a candidate for the

years in prison. On December 19,

House of Representatives in 1990,

Pedro Collor de Mello, the former

and Luiz Adelar Scheuer, director of

First Brother whose revelations of

Mercedes-Benz do Brasil, is typical.

PC's schemes and the then-president's

Collor promised to contribute to

connivance led to the first presiden

Curio's campaign, telling the candi

tial impeachment in modern history,

date that Justice Minister Bernardo

died of cancer in New York, less than

Cabral would give Curio a phone call.

a week after his 42nd birthday.

Cabral told Curio to make a phone

When Fernando Collor was im

call to the president's "emissary," who

peached and removed from office at

turned out to be none other than PC.

the end of 1992, many observers both

PC, in a conversation that Curio

within and beyond Brazil's borders

tape-recorded, told the candidate that

hoped for and expected a speedy trial.

"our friend" would give $120,000 to

Even if the ex-president were never to

Curio's campaign, if Curio were to

spend a day behind bars, it was thought

thank Scheuer for the contribution.

that the accounting to justice of a

Curio complied. although he taped

crooked leader would not only put a

this call as well. A few weeks later PC

full stop to Collor's career. but also

received for three of his businesses

prove the inaccuracy of the comment

(one of them nonexistent) a total of

offered by French President Charles

$1. 1 million from Mercedes-Benz do

de Gaulle some 30 years ago that

Brasil. Scheuer says that he gave the

Brazil is not a "serious country."

money because PC had not only indi

However, despite two years of inves

cated that he, PC, was a close friend

tigation and more than 60.000 pages

of the then-president, but also that

of evidence, there was not enough

Mercedes-Benz do Brasil would have

proof to satisfy five of the eight jus

.. difficulties" with the Collor admin

tices who ruled on the case.

istration if the money were not forth

There are normally 11 justices on

coming.

Brazil's Supreme Court. One, though.

Fernando Collor, a man who has

had just retired, and his replacement

excited controversy throughout his

was sworn in only after the verdicts

political career, caused still more with

against Collor and PC had been de

his

cided. Two other justices were ex

Junqueira has vowed not to give up in

acquittal. Attorney

General

cused from ruling in the case due to

his struggle to bring the ex-president

their proximity to Collor. Justice Fran

to justice� "It would be easier to con

cisco Rezek had served as chancellor

vict Collor for tax evasion than for

in the Collor administration. while

passive corruption," Junqueira says.

Justice Marco Aurelio Mello is the ex-president's cousin. According to Article 317 of the

Congressman Vivaldo Barbosa (PDT -- Rio de Janeiro) puts much of the blame on the Supreme Court. "The

Brazilian Penal Code, ..passive cor

Supreme Court cannot treat a case of

ruption" is soliciting or receiving .. un

passive corruption in the same way as

due advantages" for oneself or others

a common crime. where indisputable

while in public office. A guilty ver

proofs are always discovered .... The

dict could have brought Collor up to

Supreme Court adopted an inexpli

eight years in prison. Attorney Gen

cable attitude of sticking judicial fili

eral Aristides Junqueira tried to prove

grees to make it difficult to discover

that Collor and PC were guilty by

who benefited from corruption."

presenting three separate incidents in

Barbosa concludes that the "search

which PC used his friendship with the

for honest ways" is in danger of being

then-president to receive millions of

"obfuscated" by the "non-operation

dollars from businessmen who wanted

of justice. which ends up declaring

innocent the corrupt and the corrupt ers." Says sociologist Herbert (Betinho) de Souza, whose struggle to bring hunger and other injustices to the fore front of Brazilian social discourse have brought him international re nown, "This is one of the greatest political, judicial, and ethical absur dities this country has ever seen." "I sought justice and found it in the Supreme Court decision," Collor said in an interview for the news weeklyJsto E. He declared that "there are many suppositions today that a political coup took place" when he was impeached. "When I think the time is right, and when I find all the pieces to that jigsaw puzzle, I intend to put it down on paper. There is a story that has not been told." The ex-president added that he is "root with his conviction for falsifying of

of November 10, severe headaches

ficial documents in connection with

kept him home from work at the of

Collor had once thought of naming

his "ghost accounts." Until February,

fices of the Gazeta de Alaqoas, the

Foreign Minister.

when he finds out where he will spend

Macei6 newspaper that he published.

the remaining six years of his sen

He thought he was ill with sinusitis

two years ago in a voluntary exile at

tence, PC will have to stay in jail.

that had been brought on by stress he

the Casa da Dinda, the private resi

True, PC is confined far more luxuri

had endured while unsuccessfully run

dence in Brasilia whose lavish gar

ously than the average inmate in Bra

ning for a seat in the Alagoas state

dens and other home improvements

zil, or even in the US. Formerly the

assembly. His doctor agreed, and pre

were allegedly paid for with $2.5

battalion officers' room in the head

scribed Sinutab for Pedro. However,

million of taxpayers' money. Collor

quarters of the Alagoas ·state military

the pain became more and more

has seen few friends. He has spent

fire department in Macei6, the state

undurable. and his work was clearly

much of his time reading (an especial

capital. PC's cell is 35 square meters,

affected.

ing" for the .success of new President Fernando Henrique Cardoso. whom

Since he secluded himself over

favorite of his is The Rise and Fall of

and is equipped with air conditioning

On November 18, Pedro checked

Great Powers, by Paul Kennedy) and

and a refrigerator, as well as more

into the Oswaldo Cruz Hospital in

has acquired a sorrowful way of say

usual features.

Sao Paulo. The doctors told him that

PC will be able to watch TV and

they had to make an incision in his

bear any grudges," he says. ''I learned

bring his own books. He is also al

forehead for a biopsy. "Please don't

about humility, how to tolerate other

lowed to have daily visits from his

scratch my head," Pedro tried to joke,

people's errors and not to demand so

lawyers, his siblings, and his two

but the results ended all humor. Pedro

much from myself."

children, Ingrid and Paulo. Elma, PC's

had an advanced case of melanoma,

ing that he has no sorrows. ··I don't

Although doubtlessly sincere, his

wife, is unable to partake of these

the least frequent, but most deadly,

newfound humility and maturity have

privileges, since she died of a heart

form of skin cancer. It appears that it

not prevented the ex-president from

attack last July. Says PC, "They want

was caused by a hidden tumor that

relapsing into the type of imperious

to get me as a scapegoat, since the

developed without any symptoms until

antics that he once made notorious.

revenue service itself admits that there

it spread -- the medical term is metas

On the day after his acquittal. Collor

are more than 2 million current ghost

tasized-- into the brain, thus explain

sent out faxes to sixty heads of state

accounts in Brazil. Why don't they

ing the sudden emergence of symp

throughout the world, informing them

take into account that I've been in jail

toms. If the tumor had been discov

that he is "back in the debate" about

for a year now? But I'm strong. I'll

ered before it metastasized, it could

current political problems.

survive."

have been surgically removed with

PC Farias, who has already spent a

THEN IT WAS TOO LATE - The

out affecting Pedro's health. How

year behind bars awaiting trial, re

fatal illness of Pedro Collor de Mello

ever, since Pedro had a known history

ceived one more piece of bad news

came quite suddenly. On the morning

of sinusitis, it was normal for both

clared that he wished to visit his

instead. Two days later, the ex-pre

headaches to that illness until it was

younger brother. No invitation ever

sident came to the US with his wife

too late.

came.

Rosane and his two sons by his first marriage, 18-year-old Arnon and

Pedro, an incorrigible optimist.

Ana Luiza, despite her vetoing of

would not give up. He hoped for a

Pedro's letter, had hoped for a recon

16-year-old Joaquim. They spent

miracle, but if none were in the cards,

ciliation between her two younger

Christmas and New Year's on the ski

then he would at least make one last

brothers. She was in New York with

slopes of Aspen, Colorado. After

trip abroad before he died. On No

Pedro and Thereza when the news of

wards, they traveled to Paris.

vember 23, he went with his wife

the acquittal broke. Ana Luiza imme

When he returns to Brazil, Fer

Thereza and his sister Ana Luiza to

diately sent a telegram of congratula

nando Collor will probably move to

New York. Thereza would tell friends,

tions: "We're all suffering too much.

Sao Paulo and establish a think tank,

"He doesn't want to see anybody cry.

It's time for peace."

It's forbidden to be pessimistic."

Pedro's funeral was held on De

as well as write newspaper 0pinion pieces. Through his loyal follower,

At the Manhattan apartment of a

cember 21 in Macei6. A little more

Congressman Roberto Jefferson (PTB

family friend, Pedro received the news

than 300 people were in attendance.

-- Rio de Janeiro), Coilor may put pressure on President Cardoso to grant

of his brother's acquittal with ex

The only government figure present

hausted resignation. "Excellent, ex

was Divaldo Suruagy, the new gover

him amnesty, including the restora

cellent, excellent, excellent," he

nor of Alagoas, who had nominated

tion of his right to run for public

slowly repeated in a hoarse voice.

Pedro to be the state's Secretary of

office. This. however, seems to be

Two days later, on December 14,

Industry and Commerce. Leopoldo,

only a slight possibility. N everthe

Pedro said his last words. It was his

the eldest brother of the deceased,

less, even if Collor has to wait until

42nd birthday.

came late to the funeral. He was icily

the term of his deprivation of civil

On the morning of December 17, Pedro's heart stopped twice. Although

received by Thereza. and returned

rights expires at the end of the year

that same afternoon.

2000. it must be remembered that the ex-president will still only be 51. As

he was rushed to Sloan-Kettering

A TWO-YEAR COMA -The ma

Memorial Hospital, only a few blocks

triarch of the Collor de Mello family,

Murilo Melo Filho commented in

from where he was staying. Pedro

Dona Leda, could not pay her last

Manchete magazine. Fernando Collor

went into an irreversible coma. Pedro

respects to her youngest child. Since

"is a young man and quite young for

was not officially declared dead until

she was felled with a heart attack in

a leader. who has time to wait for his

December 19, after arrangements had

September 1992, shortly before the

next opportunity."

been made to return the body to Brazil

impeachment, she has been in a coma

Nevertheless, if the ex-president

and Thereza could tell her two sons,

at the Albert Einstein Hospital in Sao

is unable to vindicate himself with a

11-year-old Fernando and 8-year-old

Paulo. Her eldest child and name

victory at the polls before the next

Vitor, that their father had died.

sake, nicknamed Ledinha, also was ill

millennium, he doubtlessly would like

Pedro's death may have prevented

and unable to come. Ledinha Collor

to strengthen his reputation as a thought-provoking politician who has

a truce between the two feuding sides

Coimbra. wife of the chief of staff

of the House of Collor. In October.

during the Collor administration. was

learned his lesson and is again viable

when Pedro read in the newspapers

recuperating from pneumonia in Sao

for high public office. He will never

that Fernando was having some fi

Paulo.

content himself with a judicial exon eration which many Brazilians con

nancial difficulties, Pedro drafted a

Fernando was able to attend

letter to his brother, the ex-president.

Pedro's funeral, but he knew that he

sider ridiculous. At the least. he will

According to Pedro's obituary in the

would not be welcomed by his wid

endeavor to convince them, and the

newsweekly Veja, Pedro planned to

owed sister-in-law, and sent a note

world, that justice has been done.

offer help through an intermediary "if your pride isn't bigger than your need." Pedro concluded, '·I am at peace with myself and without any hatred or resentment whatsoever." However, when Ana Luiza, Pe dro's s favorite sister. read the letter. she disapproved: "Fernando is going to take this letter, call up the press, and announce that you want to retract yourself, even offering him money." Once Fernando learned about Pedro's illness, the ex-president publicly de-

•

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