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The term population explosion was brought back to the table for discussion by Prime Minister Narendra Modi when he used it in his independence speech of 2019. So, what exactly is it? The fast and rapid rise in the growth of the world population is known as population explosion. From 1959 to 2000, the world’s population went from 2.5 billion people to 6.1 billion people. While India’s population remained stationary for almost 50 years, it rose drastically after 1921. The growth rate uctuated between 24% to 25% per year. According to consensus 2001, India’s population had reached 1.02 billion. Currently, India’s population stands at 1.3 billion and the world’s population at 7.9 billion. In the past, infant and childhood deaths, poor medical facilities, and short life spans limit population growth. With evolving technology, better medical facilities, good nutrition, and sanitization, babies survive the rst years of their life and life spans have also increased. The birth rate is continuing at the same pace while the death rate had exceedingly decreased resulting in the fast-growing population of the world. Over the years, a basic rise in the standard of living has changed the overall scenario of life and death. If it were not for clean water, sanitization, and medical facilities, people would not have been able to survive common diseases like measles and u. Overpopulation is a liability and comes at a price. The few effects of population explosion are listed below 1. Global Warming The changes in the temperature are slow yet over the last few decades, the effects of global warming are quite visible. It is estimated that since the 1850s, Earth’s temperature has increased by about 1 degree Celsius and currently, increasing by 0.2 degrees Celsius per decade. At this rate, the global climate is going to change much rapidly. The changes that took thousands of centuries are now happening in few decades. One of the main reasons for overheating the earth’s surface is overpopulation 2. Loss of clean water Only 3% of the earth’s water is available for drinking. As the population increases, soon enough the world will run out of clean and fresh water to drink. "Water stressed" is de ned as a case of demand exceeding the supply of suitable water available. About 40% of the world faces water scarcity and is expected to rise in the future. Scientists believe 2/3 of the world would face a water crisis in 2025 3. Deforestation People are running out of land. An increase in population means an increase in the demand for land, food, water, and rewood. Deforestation directly affects the temperature of the earth's surface and the inability to capture CO2. It has resulted in the loss of habitat and extinction of wild animals 4. Depleting resources
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Population explosion and its effects