Health Check Magazine Issue 25 Winter 2022

hea th magazine ISSUE 25 WINTER 2022

The Warmth & Wellbeing Issue SURPRISING STROKE RISK FACTORS STAY WILD - EATING FOR THE SEASONS ASK A PHARMACIST: ABOUT ARTHRITIS PLEASURE STATE: THE SCIENCE OF FEELING GOOD WHY WINTER MAY BE THE BEST SEASON

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CONTENTS H E A LT H C H E C K M A G A Z I N E | W I N T E R 2 0 2 2 There’s no denying Australia is a nation of sun-worshippers; we head outdoors in droves when the weather is warm and we’re able to while away the hours in the fresh air, indulging in some vitamin D. Yet there is no reason to deny yourself the pleasure of a slow, relaxing Winter. Use the shorter days and cooler temperatures to properly rest and nurture mind, body, and soul. For inspiration on how you can take

4 ASK A PHARMACIST: ABOUT ARTHRITIS

7 PHARMACIST FOCUS

8 GLORY DAYS

10 SURPRISING STROKE RISK FACTORS

12 STAY WILD: EATING FOR THE SEASONS

14 UNDERSTANDING DIABETES

advantage of the Winter season, turn to page 8. While you’re in the mood to take stock and reassess, discover how eating for the seasons can be a boon to both your health and the environment (page 12) and explore the science of feeling good on page 16. Plus, our resident Pharmacist feature goes into detail About Arthritis (page 4) and we share some Surprising Stroke Risk Factors on page 10.

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PLEASURE STATE: THE SCIENCE OF FEELING GOOD

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MOVE IT

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NOT A DRY EYE IN THE HOUSE

WHAT IS TESTOSTERONE?

SPICE UP YOUR LIFE

WELCOME TO THE DARK SIDE

WELL-HEELED

HOW TO TREAT HEAD LICE

NO KIDDING

OUR TEAM

HOW DO OVULATION AND HOME PREGNANCY TESTS WORK?

WHAT’S ON IN YOUR BLOOMS THE CHEMIST

Blooms The Chemist's Health Check Magazine is produced entirely in-house.

Disclaimer: All material included in Health Check magazine is provided as general information and is not intended, nor may it be construed, as medical advice or instruction. Information and opinions expressed are believed to be correct and accurate to the best knowledge and judgement of the authors. Readers should consult their appropriately qualified health care professional prior to taking any action or inaction in relation to the content contained herein.

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Ask a Pharmacist ABOUT ARTHRITIS ‘ARTHRITIS’ IS AN OVERARCHING NAME FOR A GROUP OF CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE JOINTS. ANYONE CAN GET ARTHRITIS, INCLUDING CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE. IN AUSTRALIA, ONE IN SIX PEOPLE HAVE ARTHRITIS, WITH 3.9 MILLION AUSTRALIANS SUFFERING FROM THIS CONDITION. BY 2030, IT IS PROJECTED THERE WILL BE 5.4 MILLION AUSTRALIANS LIVING WITH ARTHRITIS.

Who is impacted by arthritis?

Many people think arthritis is a normal part of getting older. This is not true. In fact, two out of every three people with arthritis are between 15 and 60 years old. Arthritis can affect people from all backgrounds, ages, and lifestyles. The most common symptoms include: pain stiffness or reduced movement of a joint • swelling in a joint • redness and warmth in a joint • general symptoms, such as tiredness, weight loss or feeling unwell • •

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by Aurelia Captari

Types of arthritis

Treatment and management

There are more than 100 kinds of arthritis. Each type of arthritis affects you and your joints in different ways.1 The two most common forms of arthritis are:

There is currently no cure for most forms of arthritis. But there are effective treatments that can greatly improve a person's quality of life by relieving pain, protecting joints, and increasing range of motion in the affected joint. Therapy usually involves a combination of non-drug treatments, such as heat, ice, exercise, the use of assistive devices such as canes or walkers, and drug treatment targeting pain and inflammation. In some cases, more aggressive treatment with surgery or joint replacement may be needed.3

• •

Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid arthritis

Osteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage of a joint erodes (breaks down). Bones begin to rub against each other, causing pain and difficulty moving the joint. Osteoarthritis can also affect nearby bones, which can become enlarged in places. These enlargements are called bone spurs or osteophytes.

Although the term arthritis means joint inflammation, there is relatively little inflammation in the joints of most people with osteoarthritis. For this reason, and because this type of arthritis seems to be caused by age-related degeneration of the joints, many experts and health care professionals prefer to call it 'degenerative joint disease'.2 The cause of osteoarthritis is much more complex than simple wear and tear. External factors, such as injuries, can initiate chronic cartilage breakdown. Inactivity and excess weight can also trigger the problem or make it worse. Genetic factors can affect how quickly it progresses.3 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) happens when the body's immune system does not operate as it should, and white blood cells that normally attack bacteria or viruses attack healthy tissue instead — in this case, the synovium, or joint tissue, as seen in the diagram. As the synovial membrane (the thin layer of cells lining the joint) becomes inflamed, enzymes are released. Over time, these enzymes and certain immune cells damage the cartilage, bone, tendons, and ligaments near the joint. The affected joints may become misshapen, misaligned, and damaged. Tissue lining the joint can become thick, and may wear away surrounding ligaments, cartilage, and bone as it spreads. Rheumatoid arthritis usually occurs in a symmetrical pattern, meaning that if one knee or hand has it, the other usually does, too.4

The most prescribed medications used to treat arthritis vary depending on the type of arthritis and may include: • pain relievers (or analgesics), such as paracetamol, to help with pain.1 • creams and ointments – can be rubbed into the skin over a painful joint to provide temporary pain relief.6 • non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) to reduce inflammation, joint swelling and stiffness. They are often used to treat inflammatory forms of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Some NSAIDs are available without a prescription, while others must be prescribed by a doctor.1 • corticosteroids, such as prednisolone, to quickly control or reduce inflammation.7 • disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) act on the immune system to cause ‘immunosuppression’. This reduces the activity of the immune system which is attacking and damaging healthy joints. This can not only relieve symptoms but also reduce the risk of long-term damage to your joints.

• biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs)they work by blocking specific substances in the immune system.1 Our Blooms The Chemist Pharmacists play an important role in counselling patients with different forms of arthritis who are starting or continuing their treatment. Visit your local Blooms The Chemist pharmacy and speak to your Pharmacist for more information on arthritis.8

1.

Understanding Arthritis [online]. Arthritis Australia 2017 [Cited 11th of March 2022].

Available from: https://arthritisaustralia.com.au/what-is-arthritis/understanding-arthritis/

Osteoarthritis [online]. Harvard Health Publishing. Harvard Medical School 19th of December 2018 [ Cited 21st of March 2022] Available from: https://www.health.harvard. edu/a_to_z/osteoarthritis-a-to-z

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Arthritis [online]. Harvard Health Publishing. Harvard Medical School n.d. [Cited 11th of March 2022. Available from: https://www.health.harvard.edu/topics/arthritis

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Rheumatoid Arthritis [online]. Harvard Health Publishing. Harvard Medical School 1st of November 2020. [Cited 21st of March 2022] Available from: https://www.health.harvard. edu/a_to_z/rheumatoid-arthritis-a-to-z

4.

Rheumatoid Arthritis. Causes, Symptoms, Treatments and More [online]. Arthritis Foundation. Updated Oct 15, 2021 [Cited 11th of March 2022]. Available from: https:// www.arthritis.org/diseases/rheumatoid-arthritis

5.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (Harvard Health Publishing November 1st, 2020)4

But sometimes RA causes problems in other parts of the body as well, such as the eyes, heart, and circulatory system and/or the lungs. For unknown reasons, more women than men develop RA, and it usually commences in middle age. Having a family member with RA increases the odds of developing rheumatoid arthritis.5

6.

Understanding Arthritis [online]. Musculoskeletal Australia 2022 [Cited 11th of March 2022] Available from: https://msk.org.au/arthritis/

Arthritis explained [online]. Better Health Channel n.d. [Cited 21st of March 2022.

Available from: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/ rheumatoid-arthritis

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About Blooms the Chemist [online]. Blooms the Chemist 2022 [Cited 11th of March 2022]. Available from: h/ttps://www.bloomsthechemist.com.au/

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Pharmacist focus Claire Ross BLOOMS THE CHEMIST DARWIN GALLERIA AND DARWIN PLAZA

How long have you been a Pharmacist with the Blooms The Chemist network?

I’ve been a Pharmacist for 14 years and opened Blooms The Chemist Darwin Plaza and Blooms The Chemist Darwin Galleria stores in December 2021.

Darwin Plaza and we’re so excited to welcome the community to both stores. We’re looking forward to working more with sporting groups and schools in our area to better support their activities as well.

How do you best support your team and customers?

What made you want to become a Pharmacist?

My sister was my inspiration; she’s a very successful, peoplefocussed Pharmacist, and I followed her journey to become a Pharmacist myself. Being an accessible community Pharmacist allows me to follow up and give continous care that not many other professions get to see. We can be a part of and support our patient's healthcare journey and seeing improvement in their quality of life gives me immense satisfaction.

What is the most important thing you’ve learnt as a Pharmacist?

We need to be open to change and adapt quickly to ensure we’re delivering the best in the fastchanging industry to work to our full scope of practice.

Also, listening to our patients is a crucial part of our role.

How do you relax or spend your free time?

Spend time with my husband and our two daughters at home watching movies.

What’s the best thing about your community?

How relaxed we are; it's okay to wear thongs at 95% of the venues here in Darwin!

How does your pharmacy give back to your local community?

Blooms The Chemist Darwin Galleria and Blooms The Chemist Darwin Plaza both donate to our local CareFlight organisation, a critical care rapid helicopter response service and charity based in Australia. We also sponsor the Darwin Lawn Bowls and donate funds to Make-A-Wish Australia and Gidget Foundation Australia, so really making a difference in the lives of kids and parents right across the country. We’ve just completed a full refit of both Blooms The Chemist Darwin Galleria and Blooms The Chemist

With my customers, I try to put myself in their shoes. “What support or products would I need if I was in their situation?” I strive for our pharmacies to be the most convenient place to go for answers for all healthcare related matters. I am fortunate to have a great team in both our stores; they have been absolutely amazing as we’ve finished store renovations and introduced new services and processes. It’s getting harder to have great work life balance these days, so we work together to be understanding and flexible.

It’s all about give and take, and being the best version of ourselves for the pharmacy and our customers.

What are four things you couldn’t live without?

My wonderful family, husband, and two daughters (who always keep me on my toes!), and my phone!

Do you have a quote you live by?

I have a few quotes, which probably sum up my personality! “Make sure everyone in your boat is rowing and not drilling holes when you’re not looking. Know your circle”. “You only live once.” And “Be kind whenever possible. It is always possible”.

What are you excited about for the future of your store?

We are ready to continue growing, offering even more services to support our customers, and working with our regular patients on helping them achieve the best possible health outcomes.

If you could give a shout out to one of your regular customers, who would it be and why?

Penelope Tastula, for being a wonderful support and keeping me updated on the latest COVID-19 research and stats; she’s a true kindred spirit!

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Glory Days DURING THE COLDER WINTER MONTHS, IT’S TIME TO START THINKING ABOUT THE BEST WAY TO MAINTAIN ENERGY, PREVENT ILLNESS AND BOOST OUR HEALTH SO WE CAN ENJOY ALL THE BENEFITS OF THE COMING SEASON. SUMMER AND SPRING MAY HOLD THE CHAMPIONSHIP TITLE FOR BEST BEACH WEATHER, BUT THERE ARE MANY GOOD REASONS WHY WINTER MAY IN FACT BE THE BEST SEASON.

Cold comfort

Read it and Tweet

Baby, it’s cold outside but once you start exercising, you’ll probably find it more pleasant to work out in Winter rather than in the heat and humidity of the warmer months. Studies have shown that exercising in Winter can result in more calories burned as the body needs to work harder to keep you warm.1 Winter workouts can also expose you to sunlight which lowers your risk of Seasonal Affective Disorder, a type of depression some people experience in the colder months. Make sure you warm up your muscles properly with some dynamic stretches before you engage in any kind of physical activity and always wear a sunscreen if you’re heading outdoors as UV rays can still cause damage, even if the sky is overcast.

Cold weather means more time for reading indoors. Curling up with a good book has many positive benefits including increasing empathy, building vocabulary, and preventing age-related cognitive decline.2 Researchers have also found that it reduces stress and helped alleviate symptoms of depression. Best of all, it doesn’t matter what you read because the act of reading fiction produces the same benefits as reading a biography or nonfiction book. And if you find a book you really connect with, make sure you share your recommendation on social media sites like Goodreads, Twitter or Instagram.

Soup season Winter heralds the return of one of our favourite meals – the humble yet mighty soup. With so many recipes now available online, it’s easier than ever to try new variations on this classic dish. Take advantage of the root vegetables coming into season to make hearty minestrone or spicy pumpkin soup. Or try blending roasted capsicums with boiled sweet potato, vegetable stock and paprika for a delicious mid-week meal. A side of buttered toast squares is optional.

Brain booster Cold temperatures could actually improve cognition and help you think more clearly.3 A 2017 study found that some people perform cognitive tasks, such as making decisions, better in cooler weather than in warm. Essentially, they become less impulsive and exercise more control in their daily lives. Some research has also shown people are less likely to tackle complex tasks during Winter due to the fact that the brain uses more glucose to keep warm, leaving less time for reasoning.

For those people, supplements like vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids could help improve mood and cognitive response.

Consult your GP or your local Blooms The Chemist Pharmacist to find out if any of these supplements are right for you.

Cold weather – good for you? https://www.readersdigest.ca/health/healthy-living/cold-weather-good-for-you/

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Benefits of reading books: https://www.healthline.com/health/benefits-of-reading-books#prevents-cognitive-decline

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Cold weather is good for you: https://www.readersdigest.ca/health/healthy-living/cold-weather-good-for-you/

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SURPRISING

Stroke Risk FACTORS

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STROKE IS THE THIRD MOST COMMON CAUSE OF DEATH IN AUSTRALIA WITH ABOUT 55,000 PEOPLE EXPERIENCING STROKES ANNUALLY.1 A STROKE OCCURS WHEN A BLOOD VESSEL SUPPLYING BLOOD TO THE BRAIN BECOMES BLOCKED OR BEGINS TO BLEED. THIS CAN RESULT IN A NUMBER OF IMPAIRMENTS INCLUDING SPEECH PROBLEMS AND BLURRED VISION OR, IN THE MOST SERIOUS CASES, BRAIN DAMAGE/DEATH.2 ANYONE CAN HAVE A STROKE AT ANY AGE.3 SOME RISK FACTORS CAN BE MANAGED WHILE OTHERS (LIKE AGE OR A HISTORY OF PREVIOUS STROKES) CAN’T. IT MAY SURPRISE YOU TO LEARN THAT MORE THAN 80% OF STROKES CAN BE AVOIDED.4 HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE AND TYPE 2 DIABETES ARE THE LEADING RISK FACTORS5 OF STROKE HOWEVER IDENTIFYING LESS COMMON RISK FACTORS MAY REDUCE YOUR RISK OF STROKE.

Flu recovery

Snooze factor

If you’ve just recovered from a bout of the flu, you may be at greater risk of having a stroke. A study conducted by researchers at Columbia University discovered that serious flu or flu-like symptoms increased a patient’s risk of stroke by 40% in the two weeks following.6 So getting that yearly flu shot may not only protect you against infection but could also reduce your risk of stroke in the final stages of influenza when your immune system is most vulnerable. Speak to your local Blooms The Chemist Pharmacist about booking your flu shot this year.

Sleep apnoea is one of the top contributors to stroke. Reasons for this include an increase in stress and blood pressure due to the way the body wakes multiple times during the night as the airways become obstructed. If left untreated, sleep apnoea can cause atrial fibrillation, triggering a stroke.8 If you suffer from sleep apnoea, it’s worth investigating the option of a sleep study to monitor oxygen levels and blood pressure while you snooze. You can book an at-home sleep test through your local Blooms The Chemist at bloomsthechemist.com.au/booking.

Women’s business

Know your risk

Women not only have a higher risk of stroke than men but they also have a higher risk of death from stroke.7 Women account for about 60% of deaths from stroke deaths. Potential reasons for this include:

• pregnancy – pre-eclampsia, a condition associated with high blood pressure during pregnancy, is associated with an increased risk of stroke

While certain lifestyle choices can be managed, identifying the factors which may put you at greater risk may help reduce the likelihood of a stroke occurring. It’s important to know what underlying conditions may contribute to your risk level. Speak to a health professional such as your GP or your Blooms The Chemist Pharmacist if you have any concerns regarding stroke prevention. A free Stroke Risk Assessment at your local Blooms The Chemist takes just 10 minutes and can help identify your overall risk of stroke.

• birth control – the use of hormones may increase the risk of stroke

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• age - women tend to live longer than men overall, so their chances of experiencing a stroke increase as they age

These facts may seem a little alarming, but the good news is that women can reduce their likelihood of having a stroke by managing their blood pressure, monitoring cholesterol levels and choosing not to smoke. It’s also important to exercise and eat a healthy diet. Ask your GP and Blooms The Chemist Pharmacist for more information about maintaining a balanced lifestyle to reduce your chances of stroke.

Disorders - stroke: https://brainfoundation.org.au/disorders/stroke/ Stroke: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-health/stroke

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Risk factors for stroke: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/ conditions-and-diseases/stroke/risk-factors-for-stroke

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Prevent stroke: https://strokefoundation.org.au/About-Stroke/Prevent-Stroke

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Risk factors for stroke: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/ conditions-and-diseases/stroke/risk-factors-for-stroke

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Stroke flu link study: https://www.eatthis.com/news-stroke-flu-link-study/

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Surprising signs of stroke for women: https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/ blog/surprising-signs-of-stroke-for-women

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Early diagnosis and treatment of sleep apnoea after stroke: https://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3721244/

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STAY WILD:

Eating for the Seasons SEASONAL EATING HAS BECOME A POPULAR TALKING POINT IN RECENT YEARS DUE TO ITS FOCUS ON SUSTAINABLE LIVING AND THE WAY IT REDUCES PRESSURE ON FARMERS TO PRODUCE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES GROWN OUT OF SEASON. THERE ARE ALSO NUMEROUS NUTRITIONAL BENEFITS TO EATING SEASONALLY AND THE MONEY YOU’LL SAVE ON YOUR GROCERY BILL IS DEFINITELY WORTH CONSIDERING. SO, WHAT’S ALL THE FUSS ABOUT? WHAT DOES SEASONAL EATING ACTUALLY MEAN AND HOW CAN THIS SHIFT IN MINDSET AND LIFESTYLE WORK FOR YOU?

Impact on health According to the ancient Indian practice of ayurveda, eating seasonally is referred to as ritucharya.1 In ayurvedic philosophy, each season has its own unique properties and aligning your diet to meet these different energies is the key to maintaining health and preventing disease.

We can apply parts of this unique philosophy to our own lifestyle by choosing to eat foods that keep our digestive system balanced and our immune system functioning at full strength. Food that is harvested when it’s fresh and fully ripened contains powerful antioxidants and more nutrients than fruit and vegetables that have further to travel.2 A Japanese study found that spinach harvested in the summer (its natural season) contained three times more vitamin C than spinach harvested in winter.

A varied diet With advances in food science and agricultural modifications increasing demand for certain fruits and vegetables to be grown all year round, it can be easy to fall into the trap of eating your favourite produce at any given time. But venturing outside your comfort zone and eating fresh produce which offer new flavours and textures means taking advantage of important vitamins and minerals your current diet might be lacking. Check out the seasonalfoodguide.org to learn which fruits and vegetables are in season in your area.

Good for planet Earth Seasonal eating is not only good for you – it’s good for the planet. Eating seasonally drastically reduces the storage and transportation costs required to keep food fresh for longer. Research into the impact of seasonal eating on the environment is referred to as life cycle assessments (LCAs). This method analyses all stages of the supply chain, everything from growing, harvesting, and transporting food to its consumption. Many studies focus on measuring

the carbon footprint through greenhouse gas emissions.

However, this is only a small part of the impact food production has on the environment. Other factors like water footprint, pollution from fertilisers and land use are worth considering. It’s also a good idea to reduce plastic waste by buying your fruit and vegetables in small quantities and avoiding pre-packaged food. To take your commitment to seasonal eating to the next level, try growing your own herbs or planting a few self-pollinating fruit trees in your garden.

A quick guide to eating the seasons3 Autumn: March – May Apple, blackberries, lemon, custard apple, banana, cabbage, potato, parsnip, basil, chervil, thyme Winter: June – August Rhubarb, quince, cumquat, kale, carrot, capsicum, swede, spinach, parsley, rosemary, oregano Spring: September – November Blueberries, mango, cherry, cantaloupe, radish, sweet potato, tomato, lemongrass, mint, ginger Summer: December – February Apricot, honeydew, peach, raspberries, beetroot, lettuce, okra, capsicum

Ritucharya: https://www.yogapedia.com/definition/10244/ritucharya Benefits of eating seasonally: http://drkarenwallace.com/blog-drkaren-naturopathic-dartmouth/2017/10/25/benefits-of-eating-seasonally 3 Seasonal produce guide: https://sustainabletable.org.au/all-things-ethical-eating/seasonal-produce-guide/ 1 2

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Understanding Diabetes DIABETES MELLITUS IS A GROUP OF DISEASES THAT AFFECT HOW YOUR BODY USES BLOOD SUGAR (GLUCOSE). THE CAUSES OF TYPE 1 AND TYPE 2 DIABETES ARE VERY DIFFERENT. TYPE 1 DIABETES IS AN AUTOIMMUNE CONDITION WHEREAS TYPE 2 DIABETES OCCURS WHEN THE BODY BUILDS RESISTANCE TO INSULIN.1

Causes of diabetes vary depending on family history, health and environmental factors, genetic makeup and ethnicity but there is no common cause that fits every type of diabetes. In a healthy person, the pancreas is responsible for releasing insulin to help the body store sugar and use it as energy.2 Current evidence suggests it is not possible to reverse type 1 diabetes as it is an autoimmune condition. It is possible to put prediabetes and type 2 diabetes into remission by following a strict diet and losing weight.3 Gestational diabetes usually goes away after the baby is born but there is an increased chance that the mother who has gestational diabetes will develop type 2 diabetes later in life.4 Once diagnosed with diabetes it is important to stay healthy by regularly monitoring your blood sugar levels, weight, cholesterol and blood pressure. It is also important to develop a good relationship with your diabetes educator, GP and Pharmacist as they can help detect complications early.

Management It is extremely important to test blood sugar levels as a diabetic. Blood glucose monitoring can help you balance your food with your activity, lifestyle and diabetes medications. There are two different blood glucose tests: Test your own daily blood glucose concentration Depending on directions from your doctor and diabetes educator, you could test your blood sugar levels a number of times throughout the day. Possible times to check are: • Before breakfast (fasting) • Before lunch/dinner • Two hours after a meal • Before bed • Before rigorous exercise • When you are feeling unwell

HbA1c test A HbA1c test gives you an average level of blood sugar over the past 3 months. People who have diabetes need to test this regularly to see if they are staying within a specific range, and it will also determine if the medicine is working. Your doctor will send you with a referral to a pathology for this test. It is important to follow directions specified by your diabetes educator and/or GP as they would be tailored to your individual needs.5 Diabetes-related complications can include damage to large blood vessels which are classified as ‘macrovascular complications’ and to small blood vessels which is classified as ‘microvascular complications’.6 Macrovascular complications can cause damage to the heart, brain, lungs and kidneys as well as other organs. People with diabetes can also develop obstructive sleep apnoea.

Research shows that early diagnosis of diabetes can help prevent further complications if managed appropriately.

People with diabetes should monitor their blood sugar and cholesterol levels as well as their blood pressure. It is also important to screen for complications even though it can take some time for complications to develop after the onset of high blood sugar levels.7 Screening should start from the time of diagnosis to ensure complications are identified as early as possible.

Types of Diabetes: https://www.healthline.com/health/diabetes/types-ofdiabetes

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Diabetes and pancreas – what’s the link? https://www.healthline.com/health/ diabetes-and-pancreas

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Type 2 Diabetes: https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/type-2-diabetes

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Gestational diabetes: https://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/about-diabetes/ gestational-diabetes/

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What is HbA1c? https://www.diabetes.org.uk/guide-to-diabetes/managingyour-diabetes/hba1c

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Macrovascular complications: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30961498/

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An overview of diabetes types and treatments: https://www.medicalnewstoday. com/articles/323627

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PLEASURE STATE:

The Science of Feeling Good IT’S A FACT: WE ALL WANT TO BE HAPPIER. BUT WITH HECTIC WORK LIVES AND CRAZY FAMILY SCHEDULES, EXACTLY HOW DO WE GO ABOUT FINDING TIME FOR WHAT MAKES US FEEL GOOD? ACCORDING TO SCIENTISTS, PEOPLE WHO DESCRIBE THEMSELVES AS HAPPY ARE MORE LIKELY TO LIVE LONGER, EXPERIENCE A GREATER SENSE OF COMMUNITY AND FEEL MORE SATISFIED.1 BUT HAPPINESS, WHICH IT TURN LEADS TO FEELING GOOD, ISN’T NECESSARILY SOMETHING NATURAL AND ORGANIC – YOU HAVE TO WORK AT IT.2

"There's a misconception that happiness is built-in and that we can't change it," says Laurie Santos, a professor of psychology at Yale University who teaches a free Coursera class called The Science of Wellbeing. Another popular myth is that once you’ve achieved happiness, you won’t experience negative feelings or experience set-backs. Happiness, according to experts, is about having the skills to manage and cope with these negative emotions and learning how to use them to make better decisions later. In the short-term, here are some recommendations from health experts and psychologists for ways to feel good and build more happiness into your life.

Certain hormones are known to promote positive feelings, including happiness and pleasure.4 These happy hormones include dopamine (associated with pleasurable sensations), serotonin (responsible for regulating your mood as well as your sleep and appetite), oxytocin (often called the ‘love hormone’) and endorphins (the body’s natural pain reliever). If you’ve ever wondered why you feel so good after a massage, it’s because massage stimulates all four happy hormones at once. Now you’ve got an even better reason to book in a soothing massage session.

Acknowledge the good

Share the love

When we don’t feel happy, we automatically look for things to fix. It’s tempting to think that a better job, a better apartment or a better partner is the solution to our problems but focussing on the negative isn’t the true path to happiness. Gratitude journals, where people keep a daily record of things are grateful for, have increased in popularity in recent years.3 The Three Good Things exercise, run by Berkeley University in 2005, invited participants to keep a journal solely devoted to recording the positives in their lives. Each evening, they were encouraged to write down three things that went well that day and how they felt about them. At the end of one study, participants reported feeling happier and less depressed than when they started.

They were still recording positive, elevated moods six months later, proving that even this small act of mindful reflection had long-lasting impact.

Volunteers love giving back to their community, but studies have shown that volunteers themselves receive a healthy dose of ‘happy’ in exchange for their generous efforts.5 You may have heard the term ‘helper’s high’ used to describe the positive, feel-good effects experienced by people who volunteer their time and money to help others. The science behind this description reveals that the reward pathway in the brain, known as the mesolimbic system, releases neurotransmitters such as oxytocin and vasopressin which is responsible for the happy helper’s buzz. Who would have thought giving could be even better than receiving?

Midas Touch

How to be happy according to science: https://www.cnet.com/science/how-to-be-happy-according-to-science/ The science of well-being: https://www.coursera.org/learn/the-science-of-well-being 3 Three Good Things: https://ggia.berkeley.edu/practice/three-good-things 4 Happy hormone: https://www.healthline.com/health/happy-hormone 5 Feel good benefits of volunteering: https://www.sydney.edu.au/news-opinion/news/2021/12/03/5-feel-good-benefits-of-volunteering.html 1 2

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Move It WHILE WE ALL KNOW REGULAR PHYSICAL EXERCISE IS GOOD FOR NOURISHING OUR BODIES AND MINDS, THE TRUTH IS MOST PEOPLE DON’T MANAGE TO INCORPORATE ENOUGH EXERCISE INTO THEIR DAY. WITH BUSY WORK AND LIFE SCHEDULES, IT CAN BE ALL TOO EASY TO LET THAT GYM MEMBERSHIP LAPSE. THE ANSWER IS INCIDENTAL EXERCISE.

What is incidental exercise?

Clean living

Thanks to a rise in trackable data (hello smart watch!) incidental exercise has grown in popularity over the last few years and is now considered by health experts to be a viable method for offsetting the impact of missed structured exercise sessions.1 The Australian Guidelines for Physical Activity recommends that adults accumulate 150-300 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity or 75-150 minutes of vigorous intensity physical activity – or a combination of both – each week.2 You might have heard about the health benefits of walking the dog or taking the stairs instead of the lift but there are many other ways incidental exercise can be incorporated into your life.

Give your muscles a workout and banish the moody blues by going on a house cleaning frenzy. Let’s face it, the housework has to be done anyway so you might as well take advantage of those extra steps and squats. You could be burning up to 250 calories per hour just from doing the housework. Who needs a Stairmaster? Throw on some music to keep you motivated while you exercise.

Parks & recreation Instead of staying indoors with the kids this weekend, why not grab a ball or load up the bikes and head to your local park for some wholesome family recreation time? A tenminute bike ride can burn around 100 calories plus you get the added benefits of fresh air and social connection – all great reasons to ditch the boardgames, escape the house and head for the great outdoors.

Green thumb Pulling out weeds, raking leaves and pushing heavy wheelbarrows around can be a surprisingly hard workout. Gardening works all the major muscle groups: legs, arms, buttocks, shoulders, back. It also keeps you limber since you’ll often find yourself reaching for weeds or branches. According to some recent studies, you can burn up to 60 calories during thirty minutes of watering and 180 calories during half an hour of weeding.3 Your flowerbeds will thank you!

Cool beans For most people, the day doesn’t officially start until they’ve had their coffee. If you’re someone who drives to the local café for your daily caffeine shot, why not ditch the car-keys and walk instead? A 10-minute walk burns roughly 50 calories and the motivation of a solid reward - like a delicious flat-white – waiting at the end means you’re more likely to exercise.4

1 About physical activity and exercise: https://www.health.gov. au/health-topics/physical-activity-and-exercise/about-physicalactivity-and-exercise 2 Incidental vs. intentional exercise: https://guardianexercise. com.au/conditions/musculoskeletal-injuries/incidental-vsintentional-exercise/ 3 9 Reasons gardening is the ultimate mind/body workout: https://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-18323/9-reasonsgardening-is-the-ultimate-mindbody-workout.html 4 Side effects of walking just 10 minutes per day, says science: https://www.eatthis.com/side-effects-of-walking-just-10minutes-per-day-says-science/

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Not a Dry Eye in the House DO YOU EVER EXPERIENCE THAT FEELING OF RELIEF WHEN YOU FINISH YOUR WORKING DAY AND CAN STOP LOOKING AT YOUR COMPUTER SCREEN? AND THEN REWARD YOURSELF BY LOOKING AT THE TELEVISION SCREEN INSTEAD? AND THEN WIND-DOWN BY BROWSING SOCIAL MEDIA ON YOUR MOBILE PHONE BEFORE BED? AS THE TAKEOVER OF SCREEN-BASED ACTIVITIES IS NOW COMMONPLACE, IT’S NO WONDER MANY MORE ARE SUFFERING FROM TIRED, SORE, AND DRY EYES.

What causes dry eyes?

There are many possible causes for dry eyes, with a common issue in the digital age being infrequent or incomplete blinking and long periods of screen time. Some other potential causes can be certain medications and medical conditions, environmental factors such as pollutants or being in air-conditioning and allergies.1

Staying hydrated

Keeping hydrated is important for every part of your body, and this includes your eyes. Drinking water can aid in keeping your eyes moist by helping your body produce a healthy number of tears, which is important to prevent dry eye.2 Eye drops If you are suffering from dry eyes, eye drops may be helpful in providing relief. REFRESH PLUS® Preservative-Free Eye Drops come in convenient single dose units to fit in your pocket or purse and are a great option for eyes that are sensitive to preservatives. The formulation has been designed to form a lubricating shield to coat the eye surface, with the addition of electrolytes to relieve and comfort dry eyes.

Keeping your eyes moist You can create a moist warm compress to help treat dry eyes at home. Try soaking a small towel in hot water, squeezing out the excess and placing the towel on your eyes for five -10 minutes.

ALWAYS READ THE LABEL AND FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS FOR USE. Home Remedies for Dry Eyes: https://www.healthline.com/health/dry-eyes-home-remedies#dry-eye-syndrome Ask the Expert: Dehydration and Dry Eye: https://www.healthline.com/health/dry-eye/ask-the-expert-dry-eye-dehydration

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EFFECTIVE RELIEF for dry and chesty coughs SOOTHES dry coughs & CLEARS congestion in chesty coughs CONVENIENT use every 6-8 hrs*

KILLS BACTERIA # FAST Always read the label and follow the directions for use. *Dosing per product varies. Refer to label for instructions. #In Laboratory studies. Betadine® is a registered trademark of Mudipharma AG, used under licence.

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What is Testosterone?

TESTOSTERONE, A HORMONE FOUND IN BOTH MEN AND WOMEN, PLAYS A VARIETY OF IMPORTANT ROLES IN OUR HEALTH. UNDERSTANDING HOW IT AFFECTS YOU CAN HELP YOU TAKE ADVANTAGE OF ITS KEY BENEFITS AS WELL AS IDENTIFY POTENTIAL HEALTH ISSUES BEFORE THEY BECOME A PROBLEM.

Sex drive

Testosterone & women’s health

Testosterone is an androgen, meaning it stimulates the development of male characteristics.1 It is also the major hormone responsible for libido and sperm production. Women produce testosterone in smaller doses than men. Signals sent from the pituitary gland at the base of the brain regulate and control the release of testosterone. Research has shown that reduced libido is often associated with low testosterone.2 It’s also common for testosterone to decline naturally with age. Adult men are considered to have low testosterone when their levels fall below 300 nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL).3 If you are concerned about symptoms associated with low libido or sex drive, you should speak to a health professional about getting your testosterone levels tested.

It’s more common for imbalances in testosterone levels to affect men than women, however, women with too much testosterone may experience a variety of symptoms including irregular periods, an increase in muscle mass, mood swings and irritability, and trouble conceiving.5 It’s important for women to speak to their GP if they suspect any of these issues are linked to a hormonal imbalance. A blood test is usually required to confirm testosterone levels. It’s often performed in the morning, when testosterone levels are at their peak.

Bone density Osteoporosis is a condition which includes the loss of mineral bone density in the older population.

It affects general mobility as well as the body’s ability to recover after a fracture (broken bone).

During puberty, an increase in the production of testosterone stimulates bone growth and calcium is added to bones.4 As we age and testosterone levels naturally decrease, it’s common for bone mineral density to also decline. Keeping an eye on testosterone levels and testing for bone density can pick up hormone deficiencies.

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Tracking your T Testosterone plays an incredibly important role in our health, especially as we age. Make sure you keep on top of your T levels by noting any symptoms associated with hormonal excess or deficiency and talking to your doctor about your concerns.

Testosterone: https://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/testosterone/

1

Does testosterone increase sex drive? https://ro.co/health-guide/ testosterone-and-sex-drive/#does-testosterone-increase-sex-drive 2

3 Low testosterone: https://www.urologyhealth.org/urology-a-z/l/lowtestosterone 4 Osteoporosis: https://www.healthymale.org.au/mens-health/ osteoporosis 5 Signs in people with vulvas: https://www.healthline.com/health/signsof-high-testosterone#signs-in-people-with-vulvas

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Spice Up Your Life THE COOLER WEATHER SIGNALS A RETURN TO SOME OF OUR FAVOURITE AUTUMN DISHES AND DRINKS. THINK DELICIOUS STEWS AND CURRIES AND HOT HERBAL TEA INFUSIONS ENJOYED BY THE FIRESIDE. ONE OF THE BEST WAYS TO INCORPORATE HEAT INTO YOUR COOKING IS TO USE WARMING SPICES. IN CHINESE MEDICINE, WARM DISHES ARE REFERRED TO AS YANG FOODS, RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ACTIVATION OF BODILY FUNCTIONS THAT FACILITATE THE FLOW OF QI, OUR PERSONAL ENERGY.1 WESTERN MEDICINE IS NOW PROVIDING DATA TO SUPPORT THESE IDEAS WITH NUMEROUS STUDIES SUGGESTING FLAVOUR INTENSIVES CAN HELP RAISE OUR BODY TEMPERATURE, FLUSH THE SKIN AND HELP US STAY WARM. TRY ADDING THESE HEAT-PRODUCING, THERMOGENIC SPICES TO YOUR FAVOURITE DISHES. YOUR TASTEBUDS WILL THANK YOU!

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Cinnamon With its distinctive aroma, cinnamon is the perfect accompaniment to both sweet and savoury dishes. Extracts from the bark of the cinnamon tree as well as its flowers, leaves and roots have been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years and recent studies have suggested that cinnamon may possess numerous health benefits including lowering cholesterol and assisting with weight loss and obesity.2 Try sprinkling cinnamon over lightly buttered toast for a warming afternoon snack.

Tumeric Tumeric is the ground spice which gives curries their unique yellow colour. Used in India for millennia, tumeric boasts powerful medicinal properties with recent scientific studies citing the active compound curcumin has the potential to improve heart health and prevent against Alzheimer’s and cancer.3 Its potent anti-inflammatory properties could also negate the damaging effects of arthritis and improve symptoms of depression. Add this golden spice to your next curry or soup.

Nutmeg Nutmeg is a dark brown spice made from the seeds of Myristica fragrans, a tropical evergreen tree native to Indonesia. Its warm, nutty flavour makes it a popular addition to desserts and curries as well as warm drinks like spicy chai tea. Nutmeg contains powerful antioxidants which may help prevent cellular damage and protect against chronic diseases. It’s also been recommended for generations as a home-made remedy for sleeplessness and insomnia. A pinch of nutmeg in warm milk might be just what you need to send you off to slumberland.

Chili Peppers Chili, both fresh and ground, is an easy to grow vegetable that can be added to almost any food to add heat and spice. Although especially popular in Asian and Mediterranean foods, chili has found its way into many Western kitchens and is probably the most commonly used spice around the world.4 Due to high amounts of vitamins A and C and thanks to the presence of capsaicin, which gives chili peppers their heat and increases metabolism, this super spice has long been considered a powerful immunity booster. So sweating while you eat that hot curry might actually be good for you.

1 Wonderful warming spices: https://foodal.com/knowledge/herbs -spices/wonderful-warming-spices/ 2 Supplement guide to cinnamon: https://www.webmd.com/diet/ supplement-guide-cinnamon 3 Top 10 evidence-based health benefits of turmeric: https://www. healthline.com/nutrition/top-10-evidence-based-health-benefitsof-turmeric 4 Health benefits of chili peppers: https://www.webmd.com/diet/ health-benefits-chili-peppers

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STAGE

STAGE

STAGE

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This year your local Blooms The Chemist got even better. We believe genuine care shouldn’t cost more; that’s why we’re committed to every day low prices and a Price Match Promise.

If you find a cheaper price on and identically stocked item, let us know and we'll gladly match the price*.

Our commitment to every day low prices is just another thing we’re doing for the right reason, for the good cause, because it's important.

Visit your local Blooms The Chemist Pharmacist today and experience every day low prices for yourself. *Visit bloomsthechemist.com.au /every-day-low-price for more information. *T&Cs apply.

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No Kidding THERE ARE MANY REASONS WHY HUMANS LAUGH - TO ENCOURAGE NEW FRIENDSHIPS AND RE-ESTABLISH OLD ONES, TO GIVE COMFORT TO LOVED ONES AND DEFUSE CONFLICT. THE MANY BENEFITS OF THIS FREE, FEEL-GOOD MOOD-BOOSTER ARE BACKED BY MEDICAL SCIENCE AND RESEARCHERS ARE STILL UNCOVERING NEW BENEFITS ABOUT THE WAY LAUGHTER AFFECTS US PHYSIOLOGICALLY AND EMOTIONALLY.

Belly laughs When we laugh in response to stimuli, a number of different things take place in our bodies. First, an electrical current runs through our nervous systems to our cerebral cortex.1 Then the higher brain decodes the words and syntactical structure of the joke while the right hemisphere or creative part of the brain ‘understands’ the humour. The emotional centre of our brain then floods the limbic system with chemicals that improve mood or promote happiness. Finally, our motor system makes us laugh, smile or double over (if we find something truly hilarious).

This all happens in the time it takes to ask: why did the chicken cross the road?

Stress buster Stress can cause your muscles to tense up but laughter has the opposite effect.2 Laughing increases our oxygen intake, stimulating circulation, which leads to a decrease in cortisol (the stress hormone). Some studies have revealed that the act of laughing, even if there is no humour in it, has health benefits.

Laughter relaxes the muscles and stimulates our lungs and heart, releases feel-good endorphins that can boost your mood, and can help lower blood pressure – all good reasons to spend a few minutes laughing at that funny meme your co-worker just sent you.

Immunity booster Negative thoughts can manifest into chemical reactions which increase stress in the body and decrease your immunity, leaving you more vulnerable to colds and other ailments.3 Positive

thoughts release neuropeptides that help fight stress and could prevent serious illness.4 A study led by Dr. Lee S Berk found that repetitious laughter or ‘mirthful laughter’ causes the body to respond in a way similar to moderate physical exercise and that laughter activated a patient’s immune response.

A laugh a day As the world enters its third year of a global pandemic, maintaining our sense of humour and making room for laughter could not be more important to our mental and physical health.

Try these suggestions to keep on giggling.

Laughter yoga is a popular international movement which aims to bring more joy into people’s lives by combining laughter and breathing exercises.5 Learn more about the program at laughteryoga.org.

Laugh solo You don’t need two people to take advantage of laughter’s health benefits - you can go solo! Learning to laugh on your own is a valuable life skill. Watch a funny film, learn some new jokes, read a funny book. Be your own comedian.

Grin and bear it Don’t underestimate the power of a good smile! Smiling, like laughing, releases feel-good neuropeptides that elevate your mood and reduce stress. If you consider how easily a smile becomes a laugh, you’re already on your way to boosting happiness.

Health benefits of laughter: https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/other/health-benefits-of-laughter.html Stress relief from laughter? It’s no joke: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/stress-relief/art-20044456 3 How laughter can relieve stress: https://www.usa.edu/blog/how-laughter-can-relieve-stress/ 4 Laughter: a fool-proof prescription: https://news.llu.edu/research/laughter-fool-proof-prescription 5 How to get a health and well-being boost from laughing: https://psyche.co/guides/how-to-get-a-health-and-wellbeing-boost-from-laughing 1 2

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lebrating e C

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Australia’s most widely used brand to treat diagnosed iron deficiency in the last 10 years# ALWAYS READ THE LABEL AND FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS FOR USE. For use when you have been diagnosed as iron deficient and your doctor has recommended a therapeutic oral iron supplement. #Most widely used brand of therapeutic oral iron supplement, based on cumulative total of IQVIA sales data in the last 10 years.

Ferro-grad C contains ferrous sulfate 325 mg (equivalent to 105 mg elemental iron) and sodium ascorbate 562.4 mg (equivalent to 500 mg Vitamin C). Ferro-grad C is a Viatris trade mark. Copyright © 2022 Viatris Inc. All rights reserved.

Viatris Pty Ltd. Tel 1800 314 527. FGC-2022-0017. Prepared February 2022. AC-000850.

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How Do Ovula tion and Home Pregnancy Tests Work?

AN OVULATION TEST CAN TELL YOU WHEN YOU ARE MOST LIKELY TO CONCEIVE IF YOU HAVE INTERCOURSE. OVULATION TESTS WORK BY IDENTIFYING THE RISE IN HORMONES THAT SURGE JUST BEFORE YOU RELEASE AN EGG, SO YOU KNOW WHEN YOU SHOULD HAVE SEX TO INCREASE YOUR CHANCES OF FALLING PREGNANT. HOW YOU TAKE THE TEST WILL DEPEND ON THE BRAND AND THE TEST YOU ARE USING. ONCE YOU FIND OUT WHICH IS THE RIGHT DAY TO START TESTING, TAKE YOUR OVULATION TEST USING THE FIRST URINE OF THE DAY, EITHER IN A STREAM OR BY DIPPING IT IN A CUP AND WAIT FOR THE RESULTS. TEST DAILY UNTIL YOU SEE YOUR PEAK FERTILITY DAYS.

Clearblue Advanced Digital Ovulation Test (Dual Hormone) 10pk

The modern method of home pregnancy tests that allow for quick results is called lateral flow. A lateral flow test works by collecting a sample of fluid (urine in the case of pregnancy testing), which interacts with a strip of porous material designed to confirm if a specific marker is present of absent.

Over 99% accurate in detecting pregnancy from the day of the expected period.^THIS DEVICE IS FOR HOME USE. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. DISCLAIMER FOR OVER 99% ACCURATE: OVER 99% ACCURATE FROM THE DAY OF YOUR EXPECTED PERIOD. DISCLAIMER FOR CAN GIVE RESULTS 6 DAYS BEFORE YOUR MISSED PERIOD: IN 79% OF SAMPLES TESTED IN A LAB STUDY PREGNANCY COULD BE DETECTED UP TO 6 DAYS BEFORE THE MISSED PERIOD.

In pregnancy tests, the ‘reaction zone’ is coated with anti-bodies that react to hormone human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG),1 which is a hormone present around six days after fertilisation.2 If hCG is not detected, a negative result is indicated.

As always, we encourage you to chat to your GP regarding preconception care, reproductive and sexual health, including contraceptive options. Your local trusted Pharmacist can also provide information on areas of reproductive care, including management of chronic diseases prior to conception, supporting health behaviours during pregnancy, and information on medication safety and interactions.

Pregnancy Testing Through the Ages, https://www. aacc.org/cln/cln-industry-insights/2020/pregnancytesting-through-the-ages 1

2 Doing a pregnancy test, https://www.nhs.uk/ pregnancy/trying-for-a-baby/doing-a-pregnancy-test

^Johnson SR, et al. Analytical Performance of Home Pregnancy test that estimates time since ovulation based on hCG threshold concentration at week boundaries. Clin Chem (2013) S209: B45 # Gnoth C. and Johnson S. Strips of Hope: Accuracy of Home Pregnancy Tests and New Developments.

Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2014;74(7):661–669.

• Digital Ovulation Test Kit (OPK) - Clearblue Advanced.

• 1 Digital Holder And 10 Tests.

CLEARBLUE ADVANCED DIGITAL OVULATION TEST IS NOT INTENDED FOR CONTRACEPTIVE USE OR IF YOU DO NOT HAVE MENSTRUAL CYCLES. IT IS NOT SUITABLE IF YOU HAVE RECENTLY BEEN PREGNANT, REACHED THE MENOPAUSE, HAVE POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME (PCOS) OR ARE TAKING CERTAIN FERTILITY DRUGS. WOMEN WITH MEDICALLY DIAGNOSED FERTILITY PROBLEMS SHOULD ASK THEIR DOCTOR IF THE PRODUCT IS SUITABLE FOR THEM.

Clearblue Pregnancy Digital 1pk and Clearblue Pregnancy Digital 2pk • Pregnancy Test - Clearblue Digital with weeks indicatorthe only test that tells you how many weeks.

Clearblue Pregnancy Visual Early Detection (CB14) 1pk • Clearblue Early Detection Pregnancy Test.

• Over 99% accurate.# • Can give results 6 days before your missed period.

THIS DEVICE IS FOR HOME USE. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. PLEASE READ ENCLOSED INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE USE. DISCLAIMER FOR OVER 99% ACCURATE: OVER 99% ACCURATE FROM THE DAY OF YOUR EXPECTED PERIOD. DISCLAIMER FOR CAN GIVE RESULTS 6 DAYS BEFORE YOUR MISSED PERIOD: IN 79% OF SAMPLES TESTED IN A LAB STUDY PREGNANCY COULD BE DETECTED UP TO 6 DAYS BEFORE THE MISSED PERIOD.

Clearblue Pregnancy Visual Rapid Detection (CB11) 1pk and Clearblue Pregnancy Visual Rapid Detection (CB11) 3pk • Clearblue Rapid Detection Pregnancy Test can give you a ‘Pregnant’ result as fast as 1 minute when testing from the day of your missed period.

• Designed to be the easiest to use home pregnancy test, with an extra wide colour-changing tip and ergonomic curved handle.

THIS DEVICE IS FOR HOME USE. KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. DISCLAIMER: A PREGNANT RESULT MAY APPEAR IN 1 MINUTE WHEN TESTING FROM THE DAY OF THE MISSED PERIOD. WAIT 3 MINUTES TO CONFIRM A NOT PREGNANT RESULT.

ALWAYS READ THE LABEL AND FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS FOR USE. H E A LT H C H E C K M A G A Z I N E | W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

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Welcome to the Dark Side CHOCOLATE HAS LONG BEEN CONSIDERED A POPULAR, INDULGENT TREAT. BUT DID YOU EVER CONSIDER THAT IT MIGHT ACTUALLY BE GOOD FOR YOU? RICH IN ANTIOXIDANTS AND PACKED WITH FLAVONOIDS (PLANT CHEMICALS WHICH RELAX BLOOD VESSELS AND LOWER BLOOD PRESSURE),1 RECENT RESEARCH SUGGESTS THAT WHEN ENJOYED AS PART OF A BALANCED DIET, CONSUMPTION OF DARK CHOCOLATE MAY CONTAIN SOME SURPRISING HEALTH BENEFITS.2 LEARN MORE ABOUT THE PROPERTIES OF THIS DELICIOUS SUPER-FOOD AND CONSIDER SWITCHING OVER TO THE DARK SIDE.

What is dark chocolate?

Lowers the risk of stroke

Dark chocolate contains between 50% - 90% cocoa solids, cocoa butter and sugar, unlike milk chocolate, which only contains between 10% - 50% of the same ingredients as well as milk. Dark chocolate undergoes less processing during the manufacturing phase so it retains more flavonoids and polyphenols - good antioxidants which offer a host of health benefits. To get the greatest health benefits from your chocolatey snack, choose something that contains 70% or higher cocoa solids.

A recent study indicated that a daily dose of dark chocolate may lower the risk of stroke, with researchers discovering the flavonoids in cacao beans had several chemical and biological effects on participant’s bodies.6 In addition to protecting the inside lining of blood vessels, this antioxidant-rich superfood could counteract the brain damage induced by a stroke – yet another good reason to choose dark over milk or white chocolate when you’re standing in the supermarket.

Lowers blood pressure

Too much of a good thing?

Recent studies suggest that the antioxidants in dark chocolate stimulate nitric oxide production in the body, leading to a reduction in hypertension (blood pressure).

In Germany, one group of participants were instructed to eat a daily dose of dark chocolate while another were told to eat white chocolate.3 By the end of the study, the group who had eaten the dark chocolate were found to have lowered their blood pressure by nearly three points.

Participants who consumed white chocolate recorded no change. Studies like this indicate that regular consumption of dark chocolate may contribute to lower blood pressure, although more research is needed to confirm the role it plays alongside other factors.

After reading about dark chocolate’s many health benefits, you might be tempted to give yourself permission to eat blocks of chocolate in a calorie-dense storm. However, keep in mind dietitians recommend eating no more than 60g of dark chocolate per day.7 Consuming more than this may lead to high cholesterol and excessive weight so, like most of our favourite foods, chocolate is best eaten in moderation.

Stress & mood

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Eating dark chocolate has been proven to have a positive effect on mood, memory and immunity, thanks to the production and release of the feel-good endorphin Phenylethylamine.4 Researchers studying the effects of anandamide (also known as the ‘bliss molecule’) also discovered that not only did small amounts of this important mood-enhancer give dark chocolate its intense flavour but its presence, along with two other compounds, boosted the happy feelings and allowed them to linger for longer.5

Food features: dark chocolate: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/ food-features/dark-chocolate/

1

Delicious reasons to eat dark chocolate: https://www.everydayhealth.com/ diet-and-nutrition-pictures/delicious-reasons-to-eat-dark-chocolate.aspx

2

Dark chocolate may help blood pressure: https://www.webmd.com/ hypertension-high-blood-pressure/news/20070703/dark-chocolate-mayhelp-blood-pressure Sarah E. Jackson S.E. et al, Is there a relationship between chocolate consumption and symptoms of depression? A cross‐sectional survey of 13,626 US adults. J Depression & Anxiety, 2019

4

Eating anandamide, the bliss molecule: https://www.hellomd.com/articles/ eating-anandamide-the-bliss-molecule

5

Could eating chocolate lower risk of stroke and heart disease? https://www. medicalnewstoday.com/articles/295353

6

How much chocolate can I eat every day? https://lec.org/blog/how-muchdark-chocolate-can-i-eat-every-day/

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feel relieved feel Helps relieve the symptoms of mild to moderate eczema* HELPS REPAIR THE SKIN BARRIER

SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASES SKIN HYDRATION1

NEW NEW

HELPS RELIEVE ITCHY, DRY SKIN

THERAPEUTIC MEDICAL DEVICE

EXCLUSIVE TO PHARMACY

DERMATOLOGICALLY TESTED

AUSTRALIAN MADE & OWNED

*Eczema requires diagnosis by a medical practitioner.

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1. Spada F, Harrison IP, Barnes TM, Grieve KA, Daniels D, Townley JP et al. Dermatol Ther.

2021;34(4):e14970. doi:10.1111/dth.14970. QV Dermcare Eczema Daily Wash and Daily Cream were used together. Study sponsored by Ego Pharmaceuticals Pty Ltd (n=100 adults).

AC-000234

Always read the label. Follow the directions for use. If symptoms persist, worsen or change unexpectedly, talk to your health professional.

Well-Heeled

THE AVERAGE ADULT WILL WALK 120,700KMS IN THEIR LIFETIME, YET MANY OF US AREN’T WEARING THE RIGHT SHOES OR PROVIDING OUR FEET WITH PROPER SUPPORT TO ABSORB SHOCK, CUSHION OUR JOINTS AND ENSURE CORRECT POSTURE. HAVING THE RIGHT FOOT SUPPORT CAN OFFSET PAIN AND BALANCE ISSUES AND MAKE A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE TO HOW YOU FEEL AT THE END OF A LONG DAY.

Plantar Fascia Orthotic Insole With an arch plate to help support the plantar fascia, this slim 3/4 length design fits into most footwear and won’t crowd the toe area. A heel cup provides stability and keeps the foot in place during wear.

A gel drop in the heel area helps provide additional protection against heel spurs.

Available in men’s and women’s sizing.

All about feet The plantar fascia is a long, thin ligament that runs beneath the bottom of your foot, connecting your heel to the front of the foot and providing support to your arches. This ligament absorbs the majority of strain we put on our feet and ongoing pressure can cause damage or tears to the tissues, causing heel pain. Ongoing heel pain can be extremely uncomfortable, making it difficult to bear weight on the foot even for simple activities like walking.

Treatment options • Stretch - gentle stretches for the calf muscles daily may help to relieve plantar fascia strain.

• Rest and elevate - resting and elevating feet and legs may assist with improved blood flow.

• Seek support - you can find support specifically for heel pain in your local Blooms The Chemist.

Plantar Fascia Sleeve Providing lift and support with targeted compression, the lightweight sleeve supports the plantar fascia and helps provide critical heel and arch support.

An ideal overnight solution that works while you sleep, this sleeve may make it easier to walk in the morning. The deep heel pocket works to keep your foot in place and is thin enough to fit under socks, making it excellent for everyday wear. Available in two sizes.

Gel Heel Cushion This cushion cradles the heel to help provide stability and support with every step. The slim design is lightweight and flexible enough to fit into any shoe, so that you can wear all your favourites comfortably. Available in men’s and women’s sizing.

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How to Treat Head Lice CONTRARY TO POPULAR BELIEF, HEAD LICE NEVER GO OUT OF SEASON. IT WAS PREVIOUSLY THOUGHT THAT THE CHANCES OF CATCHING HEAD LICE WERE REDUCED DURING WINTER. HOWEVER, THE COLDER WEATHER CAN FORCE MANY OF US (INCLUDING THE KIDS) INDOORS INTO TIGHTER QUARTERS, LEADING TO CLOSER CONTACT. READ ON FOR SOME TIPS AND TRICKS ON LICE PREVENTION AND CONTROL. • Encourage your child to maintain a reasonable distance from others where possible; this may not only reduce the potential for sharing common colds and flu, but also the chance for lice to spread through direct contact.

• Remind your kids not to share hats, helmets, scarves or jumpers with others.

• Try tighter hairstyles; a tight bun or braid may make it harder for lice to spread than looser hairstyles.

• Do not share brushes, combs or towels.

Head lice are relatively common amongst school-aged children, and there are a range of treatment options available. Licetec’s V-Comb A1 is a chemical-free, reusable headlice treatment option that is gentle on the scalp and as easy as combing the hair. With its stainlesssteel teeth, the V-Comb combs out head lice and eggs from the head, extracting them via suction power into disposable capture filters for a simple and user-friendly treatment. The V-Comb can be used multiple times simply by replacing the filters, providing hands-free disposal.

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Our Team Get to know the team at Blooms The Chemist Darwin Plaza, NT.

Holly, Claire, Andrea, Claribel & Jane

Kayla

Claire

My best health advice:

What I love about being part of Blooms The Chemist:

Listen to your body and take action to improve your health; it’s important to prioritise your own health and remember that you should come first. You can’t pour from an empty jug!

I love being part of a pharmacy network that has such high standards of service and consistency in the way we all strive to deliver a really great customer experience. Connecting with other Blooms The Chemists around Australia has been so inspirational; we love sharing ideas in the network and encouraging each other to implement awesome new initiatives or processes. I love learning from others and I’m excited for our team to increase our knowledge and provide even more positive customer experiences and community impact.

Holly What I love about our community: Darwin is such an incredible mix of people; in our pharmacy we meet people from all over Australia, and beyond! Having the opportunity to hear their stories and learn more about diverse walks of life is such a privilege. These experiences help you increase your empathy and understanding.

I’m also so grateful to be working alongside our wonderful team; I learn something new from them every day.

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What’s on in your Blooms The Chemist Iron Screening Your iron levels have a big impact on how you function day to day. If you have too little you could experience fatigue, breathlessness, decreased immunity or even be anaemic. If you have too much, it can be toxic – it’s all about balance.

Low iron affects around 5% of Australia’s population.

At Blooms The Chemist you can check your total iron levels with a quick iron screening check.

Winter Defence Speak with your local Pharmacist about products and supplements to defend your family from cold and flu this Winter.

Sleep Apnoea One in four Australian adults are at risk of developing sleep apnoea.

Sleep apnoea can affect anyone, though your risk is higher if you are obese, over 65 years of age or have a family history of the condition. Symptoms can include snoring, constant irritability or falling asleep during the day.

An at-home sleep test can determine if you have sleep apnoea; ask your local Blooms The Chemist Pharmacist for more information on this condition and testing options.

Ask your local Blooms The Chemist team for more information about our range of Health Services.

To find your local Blooms The Chemist or shop online, head to bloomsthechemist.com.au

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