ONCourse is published four times a year (November / April / June / August) by Blenheim INK for:
ON THE COVER 17th hole at TPC Toronto Osprey Valley, North Course, Host of the 2025 RBC Canadian Open. Photo provided by Brian Decker of TPC Toronto Osprey Valley.
Published by Blenheim INK Administration Offce: 503-5340 Lakeshore Road Burlington, ON L7L 7A8 www.blenheim.ca
ONCOURSE 2025
Although every effort is made to check material for publication, the association is not responsible for material published on behalf of its contributors. All rights are reserved by the publisher and any reproduction in whole or part without the written permission of the publisher is prohibited. Although some trade names may be mentioned in articles contained in this publication, no endorsement is intended or implied by the Ontario Golf Superintendents’ Association.
OGSA is committed to serving its members, advancing their profession, and enriching the quality of golf and its environment.
DUAL-ACTION GRANULAR
A FAST ACTING THAT TREATS AND PREVENTS LOCALIZED DRY SPOT
AQUEDUCT FLEX contains an exclusive dual-action formula specifically designed to give turf care professionals superior performance with flexible options for dealing with stressful conditions, including water repellency and localized dry spot.
Benefits of Aqueduct Flex:
Provides rapid recovery of stressed turf with visible results in as little as 3 DAYS when used at the treatment rate
Provides up to 30-DAY PROTECTION against the development of localized dry spot when applied on a monthly basis at the preventative rate
Safe to use on all turf varieties
Welcome to the New Golf Season!
We hope that your courses are in good shape after the challenging winter months and prolonged cool, wet spring. This past winter in Ontario brought its fair share of cold temperatures and significant snowfall, which posed difficulties for many golf courses across the region. The north and northeast were hit particularly hard and are facing substantial recovery efforts this spring. Our thoughts are with those superintendents and their teams as they work tirelessly to restore their courses for the summer ahead.
We’ve had a great start to the 2025 year at the OGSA. The Board of Directors met in March to discuss the future of the association and the programs and services we’d like to focus on over the next several months.
One of our key priorities is to develop education and networking opportunities for equipment managers in Ontario. We’ve formed a committee and have already made strides. We’re excited to add an equipment manager program to the OGSA Turfgrass Conference in 2026, and we hope to add a summer networking event next year too. Stay tuned for more information on both events.
We have also engaged in the Rounds 4 Research program executed by the GCSAA. We’re grateful for our partnership with Golf Ontario, who helped us promote this event to skilled players. Nine courses donated to the auction, and we’d like to see more participation next year. Funds will support our investment in turfgrass research in Ontario and beyond, and support youth
engagement in our industry, specifically in golf course turfgrass management. We will approach clubs in October, and we hope you will consider supporting this initiative.
We have three, possibly four, First Green events scheduled for this season, and we encourage you to speak with your club to incorporate First Green into your community
I wish you all the best this season, and I look forward to seeing you out there.
outreach or junior programs. It’s an excellent opportunity to plant the seed and expose kids to the work we do to elevate golf in Ontario.
I am proud to share that the OGSA membership has grown to 960 members. We are so close to our 1000-member goal, and as you plan your summer, I encourage you to consider signing up your team as members and sending them to our Assistants’ Tournament at The Club at North Halton on August 11, 2025. It’s open to Classes C, F, and EM, and it’s an excellent networking opportunity. We will also send one of our
OGSA assistants to the CGSA Fall Field Day, which takes place at Le Club LavalSur-Le-Lac, Laval Sur-Le-Lac, QC., on October 6, 7, 2025. All OGSA assistant members can register their interest online to win this national networking opportunity. Registration will open at the same time as the Assistants’ Tournament.
I want to thank the team that went to the CAN/AM this year at the beautiful newly renovated Pine Lake Country Club on Monday, April 28, 2025! The US team won the year, and we look forward to the rematch in Ontario next spring. Spring is such a busy time for superintendents in Ontario, but this event is worthwhile if you can get away, and a great opportunity to network with supers who face similar environmental challenges as we do. The OGSA Championship is coming up in September in Muskoka, so don’t forget to register early.
The role we play as superintendents and mentors is key to our success. Not just mentoring our teams through ongoing skill development or training new hires but mentoring each other. Marc Hagedorn, the superintendent at Legacy Ridge Golf Club in Owen Sound, has reminded us in this issue how valuable our networks and mentors are when the season hits and we are staring down a summer of great expectations. Read his article ‘Seeds of Wisdom,’ located in the Member Moments section of this issue, for some inspiring insights he’s learned along the way from superintendents across Ontario. Thank you, Marc, for sharing with us. ■
Ian McQueen, OGSA President, Superintendent at St. George’s Golf & Country Club.
Be prepared for any season
Protect your course with the Stressgard® Advantage Club Program
Just like you can’t predict the weather, you can’t predict what problems will arise.
But no ma er the situation, you can be prepared with the Stressgard® Advantage Club Program. Our program o ers you resources such as access to TurfView™ for detailed insights, savings on innovative products and exclusive agronomic advice. Discover more about the Stressgard Advantage Club Program by talking to your local territory sales manager and ensure your turf is ready today.
Discover the program
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE
A big thank you goes to the Editorial Committee for their contributions to the June issue of ONCourse! Happy reading everyone.
Chris Lecour Writer & Content Development; Sr. Turf Sales, BASF.
Mark Wiebe Writer & Content Development; Assistant Superintendent, Oakdale GC.
Development; Superintendent,
Al Schwemler Associate Editor, Writer, & Content Development; Fisherman Extraordinaire; Past President OGSA.
& Content Development; Superintendent, West
Braemar Building Systems
Madeleine White Editor, Writer; Special Projects, OGSA.
Marco China Writer & Content Development; Superintendent, Deer Ridge GC.
Kevin Collier Writer & Content
RiverBend GC; Vice President, OGSA.
Lisa Marie Guilfoyle Writer & Content Development; Environmental Manager, Burlington G&CC.
Joel Johnston Writer
Haven G&CC.
WHAT’S NEW
By Courtney White, Executive Director OGSA. manager@ogsa.ca
FIRST GREEN
Are you considering hosting a First Green event this summer? You can access information on the program, education guides and support by visiting www. thefirstgreen.org. GCSAA members can apply for a bursary to support the cost of the event, and the OGSA has set aside some funds for any OGSA members. For more information give us call or send an email to admin@ogsa.ca.
We are excited for First Green to host over 500 kids as part of the School Field Trip Day on June 3, at the RBC Canadian Open. A big thank you to Cam Shaw, University of Guelph, OGSA directors Ken Tilt, and Kevin Collier, as well as Kevin Doyle from the GCSAA for volunteering their time to support this great opportunity to expose youth to our industry.
SCHOLARSHIP WINNERS
A big congratulations to the following turfgrass students! Best of luck to you all throughout the season!
Paul Brown Internship Funded by G.C. Duke
OGSA Turfgrass Education Awards
Keith Ball CLASS C
Kawartha Golf & Country Club
Ryan Nerger CLASS C
Briars Golf Club
Roxanne Palmer CLASS C
Taboo Muskoka
Greg Graham CLASS D
Maitland Links
Sean Jordan CLASS D
University of Guelph
Taylor Cairns CLASS EM
London Hunt Club
Kevin Hennigar CLASS EM
Angus Glen Golf Club
Braeden Baker CLASS S Georgian College
Connor Coughlin CLASS S University of Guelph
OGSA offers several education and professional development financial support opportunities for members. Check out the scholarship opportunities for OGSA members at ogsa.ca/scholarships.
ROUNDS 4 RESEARCH
Thank you to the clubs who participated in Rounds 4 Research this year. The auction is spearheaded by the GCSAA, and funds raised in Ontario will support the OGSA’s mandate to invest in turfgrass research and engage youth in our industry. It was our first year participating in the auction and together we raised over $3,000! 2025 participating clubs: Club at North Halton, Copetown Woods GC, Horseshoe Valley GC, Deerhurst Highlands GC, Hamilton G&CC, Muskoka Bay Resort, St. Thomas G&CC, Maple City G&CC, RiverBend Golf Community.
EQUIPMENT MANAGER COMMITTEE
We’re especially excited to introduce education sessions at the 2026 OGSA Turfgrass Management Conference specific to equipment managers this year! A big thanks to the Equipment Manager Committee: Jason Sharples – TPC Toronto Osprey Valley, Taylor Cairns – London Hunt Club, and Kevin Hennigar – Angus Glen, Licensed Small Engine Mechanic (KH) for their valuable input on growing the OGSA’s offerings to this important group.
The
Congratulations Aaron Brock and Hayden Gouin!
Congratulations Palmer Spoorenberg!
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (BMPS)
This comprehensive document is a valuable resource tailored specifically for Ontario superintendents. Developed over two years in collaboration with RJ Burnside and a broad range of industry experts across the province, the OGSA converted the GCSAA template to reflect Ontariospecific BMP guidelines.
This significant investment represents a major step forward for our industry in Ontario. The BMP manual is a living document—as updates become available, they will be incorporated into the manual. You’ll be notified of these updates through Clippings, our website, and ONCourse.
TODAY IN ONTARIO!
The season is well underway, and we want to see those photos! Tag @OntarioGSA, and #TodayInOntario to enter the contest! Not only will you have a chance to win some $$, but your photo could also be featured in our 2026 calendar!
2026 OGSA TURFGRASS MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE
For those of you who missed the announcement at the conference in January, we are pleased to announce that the OGSA Turfgrass Management conference will take place at Blue Mountain Conference Centre on January 20-22, 2026. We are already starting to plan the event, and we can’t wait to see you all there. ■
Article written and originally published by the MiGSA on 4/29/2025.
Photos provided by Adam Ikamas, Executive Director, MiGSA.
On April 28th Class A Member Terry Poley, Golf Course Superintendent at the newly renovated Pine Lake Country Club hosted the Can-Am. This event holds a special place in Terry’s heart “The Can-Am is an event I look forward to every year. It was an honor to host this year at the newly restored Pine Lake country club. I love showing off the great new design by Drew Rogers and quality construction by LaBar golf renovations. Hopefully this event keeps its momentum and continues for years.”
With 53 Americans and 38 Canadians the matches were limited to the Canadian attendees with the noncompeting Americans participating in the day for individual prizes. ■
THE WINNERS CIRCLE
Closest
Long Drives:
Dan Friesen & Jeff Davis
Longest Putt: Kelly Barnet
Longest Drive #6:
Jerry Richard, Craigowan G&CC
St. George’s Golf and Country Club
1668 Islington Ave
Etobicoke ON M9A 3M9
www.stgeorgesgolfandcountryclub.com
ABOUT THE COURSE
Stanley Thompson’s masterfully designed course has truly stood the test of time. Ranked among the world’s finest courses, St. George’s offers a premier golf and country club escape from life’s hustle and bustle, nestled among the tree-lined streets of Toronto’s west-end.
Type of Club: Private
Architect: Stanley Thompson
Number of holes: 18
Number rounds annually: 26,000
Practice Facility: Yes
Number of staff year round and seasonal? 7 year-round, 36 seasonal
How many mechanics, assistants? Ian McQueen, Golf Course Superintendent; Dustin Prosser, Assistant Superintendent; Caleb Evans, Second Assistant Superintendent; Herman Ackermann, Assistant Equipment Manager
Member since 2005
Pawel
Torunski
Equipment Manager,
St. George’s Golf & Country Club.
Written by Andrew Marsan, Turf Technical Sales, Plant Products.
Every superintendent will tell you the same thing: A great mechanic is the heartbeat of the operation—vital to its success.
There’s something romantic about the quiet moments on the golf course while the rest of the world is still. For many, it’s these gentle beginnings of the day that drew them in, shaping the passion they now have for the craft. Before the sun crests the trees at St. George’s Golf and Country Club, Equipment
Manager Pawel Torunski is already immersed in his work, moving with purpose through the stillness of the morning. You won’t find his name on a scorecard or his picture in the clubhouse gallery, but if you’ve ever had the privilege of being on the property at St. George’s and thought, “Wow, these conditions are immaculate,” then you’ve already witnessed Pawel’s impact.
For the past 26 years, Pawel has been the man behind the machines, rising through the ranks to lead operations at one of Canada’s premier golf clubs. “We run like a JDM laser—precise,
The practice facility at St. George’s Golf and Country Club.
Pawel Torunski, Equipment Manager, St. George’s Golf and Country Club.
IN THE HOT SEAT
Q: Favourite Major?
A: The Masters
Q: Best piece of turf equipment?
A: A tie between the Eclipse 2 greens walker and Turfco CR 15 fairway topdresser.
Q: Favourite golf course?
A: St. George’s G&CC
high RPM, smooth as a freshly spun reel,” he says of the operation at St. George’s with pride. His workspace hums with order, grit, and a no-excuses mentality. This isn’t just a job to him—it’s a calling, one he discovered after years on the turf crew, when a mentor saw his potential and nudged him toward the ‘Dark Side’ of the industry.
His journey didn’t begin with a toolbox and a title—it began in the early ‘90s on the turf crew at the Donalda Club, working under Paul Scenna and Colin White. What started as a summer job became a passion. Six years in, with a push from then-Assistant Equipment Manager Carlos Ponce, Pawel made the shift into equipment management. In 1997, he began apprenticing under Ray Joyce at St. George’s and found what he now refers to as his “true calling.”
“I realized after two years with Ray that this was it—this was where I belonged,” he says. That clarity became a career built on relentless standards and a constant drive to raise the bar.
“Superintendent Keith Bartlett gave me a shot to prove myself at the number one private club in Canada. Every season is a chance to improve, to elevate quality, and to deliver an
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Predominate grass type: Bentgrass
Predominant soil type: Sandy Loam
Types of greens: USGA
Course Length: 7,014
Size of Greens: 3 acres
Size of Tees: 4 acres
Size of Fairways: 24 acres
Q: Ultimate foursome: You and ?
A: Greg Norman, Adam Sandler, Moe Norman.
Q: Favourite meal?
A: Fried bone-in pork chop with mushed potatoes and shredded sweet beets.
Q: Lowest round ever and where?
A: 86 at Donalda Club
Q: Favourite course designer?
A: Dr. Alister MacKenzie
Q: Favourite Band?
A: Abba
exceptional golf experience for every member who steps onto the course.”
In an era where instant gratification and comfort are prized, Pawel is a throwback—a believer in hard work, discipline, and the kind of leadership that builds strong teams and stronger equipment. “Kill or get killed,” he jokes, but behind the tough edge is a teamfirst mentality: open doors, open ears, and trust. He’s proud of his team, his turf, and the fact that he gets to push quality forward every
single day at one of the top private clubs in Canada.
In 2014, Pawel received the CGSA Equipment Technician of the Year award. He also served for five years as secretary of the Golf Equipment Technicians Association of Ontario (GETAO), further reflecting his leadership and dedication to the profession.
His impact doesn’t go unnoticed. “Pawel is a leader, innovator, and an integral part of our team,” says Superintendent Ian McQueen.
“Pawel is a leader, innovator, and an integral part of our team. He takes great pride in the golf course and ownership of the entire fleet of equipment, allowing us to be at our best.”
– Ian McQueen, Superintendent, St. George’s Golf and Country Club
Family first.
“He takes great pride in the golf course and ownership of the entire fleet of equipment, allowing us to be at our best.” That sense of ownership and pride runs through everything Pawel does.
There’s no fluff with him. He’s old-school in the best way—results over rhetoric, action over entitlement. For those starting out, ask him for advice and you’ll get a blunt but honest answer: “If you want to reach the top, exchange that silver spoon for a wooden one and push on. Don’t wait. The harder you push yourself, the quicker you’ll get to the finish line.”
He doesn’t care about excuses and certainly won’t throw you a pity party for staying 30 minutes late. What he will do is lead by
example—outworking most, out-thinking many, and building a workplace where people are respected and challenged in equal measure. His philosophy on managing staff is simple: be approachable, stay open, and make the job fun. It’s a high-performance culture, but it’s not without personality.
And make no mistake—there’s plenty of personality. His morning routine? “Annoy and harass McQueen for the first 10 minutes,” he laughs.
The bond is real. The respect is mutual.
Off the clock, Pawel’s intensity gives way to a quieter kind of fulfillment. He spends his time outdoors—fishing, hunting, and tending to the fruits and vegetables in his
garden. It’s the same hands-on, nurturing mindset, just applied to different pursuits. At home, he’s grounded by his wife of 25 years, Anna, and their two sons, Krzysztof, 22, and Mathew, 19. This fall, Krys will begin the Diploma in Turfgrass Management program at the University of Guelph, while Mathew is currently studying Electrical Technician – Industrial at Conestoga College. Add in a couple of cats and a deep family bond, and it’s clear that while Pawel might be tough, he’s built his life on loyalty, care, and connection.
He’s traveled plenty—he’s a fan of the islands but says Cuba still holds a special place— and when asked about the future, he doesn’t talk about retirement. Instead, he imagines grandchildren, more time on the water, and maybe, finally, a chance to enjoy the view.
Until then, the equipment will keep running smoothly. The greens will keep rolling true. And behind it all will be Pawel Torunski— cracking jokes, spinning reels, pushing standards, and proving, day in and day out, that the best work often happens where no one’s looking.
Because in a game built on details, it’s the ones behind the scenes—the ones like Pawel—who make perfection possible. ■
The man behind the machines.
The New Cut
PART 1: GETTING GEOMETRY WITH MIKE ROLLINS
Written by and photos provided by Mark Wiebe, Assistant Superintendent, Oakdale G&CC.
“Where is the most important part of the golf course?”
A question posed not by an equipment manager, but by a veteran superintendent.
Where the Reel Meets the Bedknife
Mike Rollins, Director of Sales and Marketing for SIP Corporation, asked the same question to those attending his Cutline is King seminar in February 2025 at the CGSA and OGSA’s joint GC management conference, The Canadian.
Sure to give credit to industry professionals he’s worked with and learned from, Rollins referenced the words and findings of many equipment managers, superintendents, and assistants.
“Cutline’s a remix,” he said, alluding to his well-traveled collaboration on reel mower maintenance and performance.
Although part of his job was to sell grinders, that’s not why he was here. He was here to sell cutting unit (CU) geometry and to show the industry how it can help us adapt.
Like adapting to any change, Rollins stressed the importance of getting over the fear of the unknown. Rethinking and adopting an open mindset took continuous effort on his part but was key to implementing what he’d been shown from people around the world.
“Data, information, and knowledge prepare you for the unknown,” he said. “The more you know, the less you fear. Once we measure it, we can control it. Data provides uniformity from CU to CU, from green to green.”
Given the surge in data collection and data-based decision making we’ve seen in recent years, these messages take on particularly strong meaning. Meeting after his two-part seminar, we “fell down the rabbit hole,” as Rollins often says.
Burrowing further into these obvious connections to data collection within the agronomic sphere, we discussed what seemed to be an often-missing piece of the equation: CUT (cutting unit tracking).
“We’re out of room for error for 2025,” repeated Rollins throughout his presentation. Although directly referring to the precise nature of CU geometry, it was a conclusion with multiple meanings: current demands on turf and heights of cut; increased expectations from golfers and stakeholders; and the undeniable connection between agronomic data collection and CUT. It’s a big picture with a lot of moving parts.
GETTING GEOMETRY: PARALLELISM & UNIFORMITY
Zooming down to the mower itself, we should start by defining its contingent parts. The traction unit includes everything not within individual CUs (e.g., steering column, engine, electric motors, lift arms, down pressure pins, limit chains, etc.). A CU is everything contained within a reel frame (e.g., bedknife, rollers, bedbars, pivot bolts, etc.).
Within the movable lines and circles comprising a CU, a couple keywords were used frequently throughout Rollins’ seminars and our proceeding conversations: parallelism and uniformity. To maximize the performance of your equipment and to get the best (and the same) results on the course, many of these lines and circles need to be parallel and uniform in their alignment, setup
Mike Rollins’ Cutline Is King session attendees at The Canadian, 2025.
or functional relationship with one another. Prime example: if a reel isn’t perfectly cylindrical or if a bedknife isn’t perfectly flat, it’s impossible for the bedknife to contact along the entire length of the reel.
“The biggest issue I see and the first thing I usually check in CU diagnostics is reel diameter,” said Rollins. “Reel diameter is the foundation of diagnostics and geometry tracking in the cutting unit.”
If the reel diameter isn’t uniform from end to end and set at OEM specs, it can lead to inconsistencies in the quality of cut (QoC) and after cut appearance (ACA).
A couple of the other most common issues Rollins sees is in the front face grind of bedknifes and bedknife thickness. If ground too far back, the behind center distance that is, how far back the bedknife is to the center of the reel may be changed too drastically. This can cause scalping from the reel cutting too far into the canopy. Different bedknife thickness equals a different cut – the thicker the front face, the more the leafblade is stood up and cut.
After going through a list of roughly seven to eight items to check through CU geometry which typically ends with bedbars and rollers, Rollins will then check traction units. Apart from ensuring they’ve been serviced and direct connections to the CUs are functioning properly (e.g., lifts arms, down pressure pins, and limit chains) he focuses on calibrating the ground speed and the reel speed, along with the blade count of the reel, to dial in the frequency of clip (FOC).
After going through everything on the mower itself, Rollins then turns to the other side of the QoC equation: the environment. Including the turf conditions such as grass type, thatch accumulation, and soil compaction, the environment also factors in weather.
“We’re going down another rabbit hole,” said Rollins with a grin as we started to get into a suitable beginning for our next conversation: CUT.
“HOW
LONG DOES IT STAY SHARP?”
Asking the group a number of times, it was a question leading us back to a common theme: data collection.
“Data gives Equipment Managers a starting point to more effectively diagnose QoC issues.”
Many eyes in the crowd began to light up as those attending, perking up and nudging to the front of their seats, began to connect the dots.
As a result of collecting and measuring clippings or any other agronomic data, we begin to see trends, gain a better understanding of site-specific needs and hone in on optimizing surface performance. The same goes for the equipment; collecting data on the machines directly responsible for creating the surfaces could also prove useful.
To access available resources, scan the barcode to download the Cutline is King™ full pdf or visit https://www.sipgrinder.com/resources/201171cut-line-is-king.pdf.
Checking reel diameter with a reel diameter tape.
Tracking front face bedknife thickness measurements is a key factor for those wanting a consistent cut (& clipping volume).
Mike Rollins is the Director of Sales & Marketing for SIP Corporation. Rollins’ territory stretches from Florida to Ontario & west to the Mississippi River. He has delivered his Cutline is King seminar 32 times for 1,585 people since 2022.
A small patch of Phragmites growing in a drainage ditch. Its underground rhizomes and wind-dispersed seeds make it especially difficult to control. Widely considered Ontario’s most destructive invasive wetland plant, early detection and rapid response are critical for effective management.
Naturalized areas and wetlands are particularly vulnerable to the rapid spread of invasive species. Regular monitoring and species assessments are essential for early detection and effective management.
Managing Invasive Species on Ontario Golf Courses
A PRACTICAL GUIDE FOR SUPERINTENDENTS
Written by Marco China, Director of Turfgrass Operations, Deer Ridge Golf Club.
Golf courses are first and foremost places to enjoy the greatest game, but they also serve an important role as green spaces, weaving through woodlots, wetlands, and diverse natural landscapes. These green spaces are what define many of the courses and provide a varied landscape to play the game on. But with that beauty comes a constant challenge: the persistent pressure of invasive plant species. From
Common Invaders to Watch
creeping aquatic weeds in ponds to aggressive woody plants in outof-play areas and fast-spreading ornamentals in garden beds, these unwanted guests threaten the ecological balance, aesthetic value, and long-term maintenance costs on golf courses.
This guide offers a broad overview of the most common invasive plants affecting golf courses in Ontario and provides practical strategies for identification, control, and prevention. Whether you’re just beginning to tackle a few patches or facing widespread infestations, the key is awareness, early action, and the right resources.
On golf courses, invasive plants often establish in naturalized zones, water features, and landscaped areas. Here are some of the most common species:
Aquatic Zones, Ponds, and Wet Areas
Eurasian Watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum):
Forms dense, tangled mats in ponds that interfere with aesthetics and clog irrigation intakes. It breaks into fragments easily, and from those fragments, entirely new plants can grow. If fragments attach to equipment, the plant can spread to new areas, making mechanical removal difficult without further spreading it.
Phragmites (Phragmites australis):
This towering reed has become one of Ontario’s most destructive wetland and roadside invaders. It forms impenetrable stands that displace wildlife habitat, disrupt drainage patterns, and dead standing stalks can pose a fire hazard. Small patches can spread aggressively via underground rhizomes and wind-blown seeds.
Woodlots, Buffers & Out-of-Play Areas
Common and Glossy Buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica and Rhamnus frangula)
Spreads aggressively along forest edges, leaf’s out early, and shades out native understory plants. It creates dense thickets
that degrade woodland health. Birds eat the berries on female trees and cause further spread of the species.
Non-Native Honeysuckles (Lonicera spp.):
Forms dense shrub layers that shade out native plants. Early leaf-out and rapid growth allow it to dominate woodland edges.
Ornamental and Garden Beds
Goutweed (Aegopodium podagraria):
Spreads underground by rhizomes, making it very hard to eliminate. Frequently escapes gardens and invades surrounding natural areas.
Periwinkle (Vinca minor):
A ground cover that spreads into woodlands, spreading across forest floors and preventing native plant regeneration.
Miscanthus (Miscanthus sinensis):
An ornamental grass that escapes into roughs and drainage areas, forming dense clumps that block sightliness, out compete native plants, and creates shelter for pests.
Common Buckthorn forming dense thickets in the understory of a wooded area. This invasive species spreads easily and out competes native plants for sunlight and nutrients.
WHERE DID THEY COME FROM AND WHY ARE THEY SUCCESSFUL?
Non-native plants are plants introduced to new areas outside of their original geographic region and have been introduced to Canada and Ontario for hundreds of years to support agriculture and other industries, as well as garden ornamentals. However, some introduced plants have adapted extremely well to their new environment and have characteristics that allow them to be successful in their new range. Due to their characteristics, and the lack of native predators to keep populations in check, invasive plant species can quickly take over an area, out compete other vegetation, impact infrastructure, and even threaten human health (e.g., the sap from giant hogweed and wild parsnip can cause burns on skin if exposed to sunlight).
WHY MANAGEMENT IS IMPORTANT
Control Strategies and Practical Approaches
Monitoring & Early Detection
• Learn about common invasive species in your region.
• Conduct seasonal surveys in key zones.
• Map infestations for tracking and prioritization.
• Train staff to recognize key species using resources from the Ontario Invasive Plant Council (OIPC).
• Utilize Best Management Practice documents. Many speciesspecific ones are available through Ontario Invasive Plant Council (OIPC).
Mechanical Control
• Phragmites: Use cut-to-drown techniques or mow before seed set.
• Buckthorn/Honeysuckle: Hand-pull seedlings or use cut-stump method for mature shrubs.
• Goutweed/Periwinkle: Manual removal and smothering techniques like sheet mulching can help over time.
Chemical Control (Legal in Ontario under Exemptions)
Always read and follow the label. Keep records, follow all provincial regulations, and consult licensed professionals for sensitive areas.
• Glyphosate: Approved for use under invasive species exemption.
• Triclopyr: Effective for woody plants; requires licensed applicators.
Aquatic Herbicides: Require special approvals and certified application.
Prevention
• Replace invasive ornamentals with native and non-invasive alternatives.
• Maintain vegetated buffers near water features.
• Stabilize disturbed soils quickly and monitor for regrowth.
Once an invasive plant is introduced, because other species have not adapted along side it, populations can often grow rapidly and take over areas. Early detection and rapid management of invasive species is key to reduce the cost of resources spent to manage the species in the future. Invasive plant management isn’t just about protecting turf or maintaining aesthetics, it’s about good land stewardship and reducing the need for costly future management efforts. With so many golf courses nestled within Ontario’s ecologically sensitive corridors, superintendents have a real opportunity to lead the charge in invasive species prevention and control. The keys to success are early detection and rapid management of invasive species. With the right partnerships, you can make a lasting impact. Whether you’re fighting back phragmites or pulling periwinkle, it all starts with knowing what you’re dealing with and taking that first step. ■
Where They Show Up and Why
Invasive plants thrive where disturbance, moisture, and a lack of competition give them the advantage. Golf courses offer several key invasion points:
Pond Edges and Drainage Ditches:
Nutrient-rich, slow-moving water with minimal competition provides perfect conditions for aquatic weeds to establish and spread.
Woodlot Margins and Out-of-Play Areas:
Open canopy gaps, soil disturbance, and edge effects make these areas common spots for buckthorn, honeysuckle, and similar invaders.
Naturalized Buffers and Meadows:
Without regular monitoring, seed-spreading invasives can sneak into native plant zones, especially along the outer edges.
Ornamental Beds:
Plantings like goutweed, periwinkle, and Miscanthus slowly spread outward, out competing other ornamental plants and escaping beds all together, particularly when gardens are under-maintained.
Construction Zones:
Disturbed soils and imported materials create perfect landing zones for invasives if new plantings aren’t established quickly. If you are working to remove an invasive species, especially on a slope, consider replanting or re-seeding with non-invasive seed mixes to prevent new invaders from establishing in exposed and disturbed soil.
Resources and Support in Ontario for Superintendents
Several organizations in Ontario offer guidance, resources, and sometimes even hands-on help:
Ontario Invasive Plant Council (OIPC): www.ontarioinvasiveplants.ca — “Grow Me Instead” guide and Best Management Practices.
Invading Species Awareness Program (OFHA): www.invadingspecies.com — Reporting tools and ID resources.
Invasive Species Centre (ISC): www.invasivespeciescentre.ca
— Fact sheets, webinars, and species profiles.
Regional Conservation Authorities: TRCA, CVC, GRCA, and others can assist with invasive management.
University of Guelph & OMAFRA: Access to current research and regulatory info.
Reporting and Mapping Tools: EDDMapS Ontario, iNaturalist.ca, invasive species hotline.
Farming on the Fairway
THE TRUTH ABOUT GOLF COURSE BEEHIVES
Written
by & photos provided by Dr. Sara Stricker, Communication & Outreach Coordinator, Guelph Turfgrass Institute in collaboration with Paul Kelly, Apiarist, Honey Bee Research Centre, University of Guelph.
A recent trend has taken hold on golf courses around the world: proudly announcing the installation of honey bee hives in an effort to “save the bees.” At first glance, it sounds like a win for conservation, where neatly manicured greens now host buzzing colonies in an era of growing environmental concern. But peel back the layers of this feel-good story, and the reality is a bit more complicated.
The truth is that honey beekeeping on golf courses in North America is not conservation. It is agriculture. European honey bees (Apis mellifera), the species found in virtually all domesticated hives, are not native to this continent. They were imported by European settlers in the 17th century and have since been bred for a singular purpose: to produce honey and pollinate crops for human benefit. In this sense, honey bee hives are more akin to miniature cattle farms than wildlife sanctuaries because they are a managed form of livestock agriculture designed to produce a marketable (and delicious) product.
The confusion stems partly from the “Save the Bees” movement that gained traction in the late 2000s, spurred by widespread reports of
Colony Collapse Disorder — a phenomenon where entire honey bee colonies suddenly died off. With alarming headlines warning of potential food shortages (one in three bites of food depends on pollination, after all), public support surged for anything that seemed to support bee health. However, this well-meaning movement has often conflated the fate of European honey bees with that of native bees. It’s a well-meaning but unfortunate misconception.
North America is home to over 4,000 species of native bees, including bumble bees, mason bees, and leafcutter bees. These species are crucial pollinators in their own right, many of them even more efficient than honey bees at pollinating native plants. They are facing steep declines due to habitat loss, pesticide exposure, climate change, and a lack of diverse forage. Unfortunately, setting up honey bee hives does nothing to aid these native species, and in some severe cases it could actually make their situation worse. One study showed that managed honey bees can outcompete native bees for nectar and pollen in urban areas with limited floral resources (MacInnis et al. 2023). It’s also important to understand that the introduction of honey bees in an area does not replace native pollinator services since different bees have different specialities; native bees are better at pollinating native plants, and honey bees are better at pollinating field crops and orchards. That being said, honey bees have coexisted with native bees
Beehives kept at a golf course in Southern Ontario. The club sells the honey in the pro shop, and it is used by the kitchen staff.
in North America for about 400 years, and direct competition is only a concern under extreme conditions where there are either too many honey bee hives or too few flowers.
If an organization genuinely wants to toute their “conservation efforts”, the focus should shift toward supporting native species and their preferred habitats. Planting wildflower meadows and providing undisturbed nesting sites is the best way to save native bees. Bees on golf courses aren’t a bad thing, but they should not be mislabelled as conservation. Honey production is valuable and important, and supporting pollination for agriculture is critical for human food systems. But let’s be clear: keeping honey bees is a form of farming, not conservation.
Beekeeping on golf courses could be considered as a useful indicator of environmental stewardship. Much like the canary in the coal mine once signaled unsafe conditions for miners, the presence of healthy, productive honey bee colonies can demonstrate that the surrounding environment is being managed diligently to support sensitive insect life. Honey bees are highly susceptible to many pesticides, so their thriving nearby suggests that chemical applications are being used thoughtfully — with precision targeting, appropriate timing, and strict adherence to safety standards. Honey bees will forage over a 7,000-acre range and they are unlikely to forage on managed turf surfaces, thus there is limited risk for exposure to any pesticide use due to turf management practices.
In this way, beehives on golf courses can act as living testaments to pesticide use best practices. When managed responsibly, golf courses can balance pristine playing surfaces with a broader commitment to pollinator safety. Careful pesticide use, reduced chemical dependence, and strategic planting of forage-rich buffer zones can all contribute to a landscape where honey bees can forage without harm, producing honey without contamination. Though this approach does not directly aid native bee conservation, it does highlight how chemicals are not drifting beyond intended zones or harming non-target organisms.
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Not all pollinators are bees! This Hummingbird Clearwing (Hemaris thysbe) moth is a native species which loves viburnum plants.
BEFORE FLEXXCAPE AFTER FLEXXCAPE
HOW TO SUPPORT NATIVE BEES?
One simple way to encourage native bees is by providing nesting opportunities. Hanging bee hotels or nests can offer shelter for solitary species like mason and leafcutter bees. Leaving hollow plant stems in flower beds and gardens provides natural nesting sites for a variety of bees. In areas where it is safe, maintaining dead trees or wood piles can support carpenter bees and other cavity-nesting insects. These natural structures provide the types of habitats native bees evolved to use and these features are often missing from manicured landscapes.
Importantly, about 75% of native bee species nest underground. When a ground nest is found, often a small mound of exposed soil or a hole on the sunny side of a hill, it’s crucial not to disturb the area. Golf course superintendents can flag these spots and post signage to alert players and maintenance crews to avoid the nests. Native bees prefer bare, sandy soils with minimal turf coverage, so preserving pockets of thin grass or open ground is essential. By protecting these hidden nesting sites, golf courses can play a meaningful role in safeguarding native pollinator populations while still maintaining playability and aesthetics.
Another effective way to support native pollinators on golf courses is by establishing pollinator gardens — carefully designed spaces planted with native wildflowers, grasses, and shrubs that provide essential forage throughout the season. However, it’s important to recognize that pollinator gardens require ongoing maintenance to be successful. Without regular weeding, reseeding, and attention to invasive species, these gardens can quickly become overgrown and unkempt. A messy or neglected pollinator garden not only diminishes its ecological value but can also harm the reputation of the initiative, giving the impression that pollinator-friendly efforts are incompatible with the clean aesthetics of a golf course. Proper plant selection and a clear maintenance plan are crucial to ensuring that pollinator gardens remain vibrant, attractive, and effective at
supporting pollinators year after year.
Both native bees and honey bees rely on a diverse array of pollen sources to maintain proper nutrition, immune function, and gut health. To support pollinators across a golf course ecosystem, it’s important to plant a wide variety of species that flower at different times throughout the growing season. This ensures that bees have continuous access to fresh nectar and pollen from early spring through late fall. Often overlooked in pollinator planning are trees, which can be some of the richest sources of pollen available. Native species like maple, willow, and basswood provide critical, nutrient-dense pollen, especially in early spring when other forage options are scarce. These trees are especially valuable to native bee populations. Honey bees, on the other hand, tend to favor trees and crops that share their European origins, such as apple, cherry, and other stone fruits. By planting a thoughtful mix of native trees, shrubs, and flowering plants, golf courses can create a resilient and diverse food web that benefits a wide range of pollinators.
It’s important to celebrate honey for what it is (a form of agriculture) and to understand conservation for what it entails: protecting the wild species that need our help even if they don’t reward our efforts with a sweet treat.
Get connected with the Guelph Turfgrass Institute by signing up to the newsletter at www.GuelphTurfgrass.ca or connecting on social media @GuelphTurf. Learn more about sustainable beekeeping and pollinator health from the Honey Bee Research Centre at www. hbrc. ca or follow @HoneyBeesAtUoG on Instagram.
Learn about planting a bee-friendly garden.
Learn about native bees. ■
The Guelph Honey Bee Research Centre makes and sells these “baby bee bungalows,” designed for solitary bees.
Ground-nesting bees can make their home in roughs and naturalized areas.
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Written by Mark Hagedorn, Superintendent/Property Manager, Legacy Ridge GC.
Having been in the turfgrass industry for a number of years now, I realize that a few people have, at various times, planted “seeds of wisdom” in my head. I’m not talking about nuggets like “pink in the morning” or “hire slow, fire fast” or “don’t plant flowers before Mother’s Day.” I mean small ideas that visit me in certain circumstances, thoughts that guide my actions.
Growing up on a farm, my father, a fellow Aggie, had a big influence on me. I watched him build our house, put in a stone fireplace, rebuild tractor engines, build numerous barns, and put in many lane ways, to name just a few things. He often said that “if you want it, figure out how to build it, and then do it.” That taught me to educate myself on what I needed to know, learn the skills to do it, and then tackle it. That desire to learn how to build and create has not left me. I’ve learned many skills, from laying concrete, welding, timber framing, operating excavating equipment, to building bridges. All have contributed to my success in beginning and completing a vast number of projects during my time in the turf industry.
The first superintendent I worked for was Al German at Scenic City Golf Course in Owen Sound. Al was great. His approach to completing tasks was straight forward. For my introduction to the golf industry, it was an enjoyable time. Long hours, long days,
Seeds of Wisdom
lots of smiles. He tried to teach me patience; I’m still learning. One day, after he grabbed a cigarette wrapper that was floating by, he remarked that “if you can’t be bothered to stop and pick it up, might be time to get out of the business.” It was a very sad day when he told me that he was too tired to pick up anything anymore. Whenever I see some trash on the ground and I’m tempted to drive by it, his words come back to me. Of course, I turn around and pick it up.
I also spent a few years working with Bernd Von Cube at Cambridge Golf Club. Blessed with push-up greens in some lowlying areas, we often had to deal with dollar spot. At the first sign of an outbreak, Bernd would go out and topdress the affected areas. His wisdom was “change the micro-climate,” at the crown level. This was back in 1985-86, long before IPM. Now when I see dollar spot on our fairways, I try to head out with some sand as soon as possible.
I was fortunate to work at Guelph Lakes alongside John Bladon during its construction and grow-in period. One of the best experiences I have had, a great fellow to work with. His take on a lot of it was to give the golfer more than they expected, to “undercommit and over-deliver.” Whenever we do a project, I always try to just polish it up just a little bit more. Maybe someone will appreciate it.
Ray Duke, long serving superintendent at Springfield GC, made a comment in the dressing room one day after a hockey game. He said
that “if you’re going to blame Mother Nature for some of the issues in your life, then you had better be sure to give her credit for some of your successes.” A wise and humble man is Mr. Duke. He may have heard that from someone else, and it stuck with him as well. Having spent a lot of time working on turf equipment, I’ve come to know Mike Slack, the Godfather to a lot of turf mechanics. Mike always has time to answer questions and to offer various solutions to problems. One of the first things he taught me was to just “grease it and change the oil!” It’s as simple as that. I have saved a lot of down time and money by that simple and low-cost advice.
A turf industry veteran, Greg Aljoe, worked at a neighbouring course in Kitchener. We shared aerators one summer to get our jobs done quicker. Shortly after doing my tees, I noticed them looking a bit off, a bit brown. I was talking with him, and he commented his turf looked off as well. So, to us that meant we were likely just seeing some mechanical damage. He asked if I did anything to them, to speed up recovery. I said no. I’ll just wait it out. He said good, “sometimes the best thing to do is do nothing.” It’s very true, but also hard to do.
when teeing off, wasn’t the best choice, and that the cart path on the far side of the fairway, out of the landing zone, was a much safer option. Our President, Director of Operations, and Leader by Example, and part of the most forward thinking and conscientious ownership I have ever had the pleasure to work with, Michael Todd, having heard about it, termed it a “disciplinary criticism.” I learned a new term that day, I like it. Low key and effective.
I have noticed that after completing a project at a 100-year-old course like Legacy, the finished project doesn’t always blend right in right away and it can look out of place. My seed of wisdom to those around me is don’t worry about it, it will look perfect this time next year. And I’m usually right, it does.
These seeds have been around for a long time and will always be relevant.
There are times when I’m faced with a lot of issues all at once. Thoughts start swirling around in the brain as I try to figure out which task is more important, and what situation has the potential to spiral out of control. I try not to let any pressure get to me, but it can be challenging at times. Our guests only see the results of our decisions that we make, not the choices made along the way.
Recently, I had the pleasure and experience of working with Marc Brooks, one of the hardest working people I know. He taught me so much just by example, always explaining if I had questions. I loved his thirst for knowledge, always wanting to learn. What I’ve tried to remember from him was “to do the right thing first, all the time.” Especially when interacting with staff, golfers, and people in general. Integrity is a very good trait to have. In the heat of the moment, I try to remember that.
Last summer I had a discussion with one of our beverage cart operators. I explained that their choice of traveling along the inside corner of a dog-legged fairway which meant heading towards play, down a steep grassed slope, where the golfers couldn’t see them
These little “seeds of wisdom” seem to keep popping up in my head more and more as I deal with new staff and all the little challenges that arise every day. I try to pass on some wisdom that I have learned. Maybe it will provide some guidance to others later in life, just as it did in mine. If I can face challenges and adversity with those “seeds of wisdom” I have gained from others, then life will be better for me and all those in my life.
None of these seeds may seem earth-shattering, and they may not even be new learnings to many in the turf industry. These seeds have been around for a long time and will always be relevant. I just thought I’d pause and give some thought and thanks to those people who have helped shape me, and to try to remember how I got to where I am in our world. ■
Cuten Fields | Guelph, Ontario | Host Superintendent: Bill Green
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LOOKING BACK
Ten Years Ago, Today
2. Host Superintendent Peter Kinch & OGSA President John McLinden, at the 2015 President’s Day hosted at Lambton G&CC.
3. Bob Beaumont & Phil Scully.
4. (L-R) Paul Gurr, Owen Russell, Harry Allard and Ron Craig at the Alex McClumpha Tournament hosted on October 5th at Markland Wood Golf Club.
5. Pro/Super winners (L-R), Golf Professional Andrew Critchton and Superintendent Andrew Lombardo from Wyndance Golf Club.
The board of directors in 2015 were as follows: John McLinden (pres), Ladies, Mark Prieur (vice), Trafalgar, Chad Virbert (sec), Mad River, Phil Scully (past pres), Granite, Jason Boyce, Smuggler’s Glen, Corey Janzen, Westmount, Tim Muys, Piper’s Heath, Rod Speake, Mill Run and Scott White, Donalda. The OGSA staff consisted of Sally Ross, executive manager, Natalie Andrusko and Laura Clayton.
“Green is Beautiful” was looking for a new name. A contest was held, and it was decided that the new name would be ‘ON Course’.
IN MEMORIAM
Golf course builder, Charles Joseph Muylaert, passed away on January 3rd Charlie, in partnership with his twin brother Rene Muylaert (2005), designed and constructed over 30 golf courses throughout Ontario.
Sean Evelyn, superintendent at Cedarhurst Golf Club, passed away May 20th at the age of 54.
Al German, superintendent at the Scenic City Golf Club in Owen Sound for over thirty years, passed away.
ON THE MOVE:
Brent Wickett moved from Bushwood to North Bay and Adam Spence went to Bushwood. Robert Clark left Muskoka Lakes (assistant) and went to North Bay and Mike Pellerin went to Saugeen. David Mossip went to Columbus. Steven Jones went to Hornby Glen and Wray Barrett went to Southbrook.
Xgd Systems hired Mark Hughes and Engage Agro hired Paul Grotier as new sales representatives.
1. Scott Heron and his winning Team from the Toronto Hunt Club.
MILESTONES
50 Year membership plaques were presented to Sam DiPinto and OJ Piccolo. 25 Year membership plaques were presented to Robert Ackermann, Weston, Richard Butler, St Andrews, Aldo Bartolon, Lookout Point, Richard Buttenham, Tri-Links, Ray Dlugokecki, Springfield, Doug Francis, Little River, Steve Holmes, Bomanville, James Hopkins, Deer Creek, Stephen Jones, Oakville Executive, Jay Kulak, Port Colborne, Paul Scenna, Beacon Hall, David Tascone, Granite Ridge and Alex Weatherson, Glen Cedars. Associate member companies who received 25 year plaques were Fast Forest, Ontario Seed Company Ltd. and Plant Products
The Toronto Board of Trade Country Club celebrated its 50th year where Gord Witteveen served for 28 years as superintendent before retiring in 1999.
TOURNAMENTS
The Can/Am Challenge was held at Pointe West Golf Club on April 27, hosted by Lamont Anderson, with the Americans winning 26 to 25.
The Pro/Super Challenge was held at the Black Bear Ridge Golf Club on June 1st, hosted by Bill Fach. First place went to Andrew Lambardo, Wyndance, second place went to Peter Kinch, Lambton and third place went to Aaron McConnell, Bay of Quinte.
The Presidents’ Day Tournament was held on July 13 at Lambton Golf & Country Club, hosted by Peter Kinch. The winning team of the day was Scott Heron, The Toronto Hunt, second team was Jim Flett, Muskoka Lakes, third team was Jason Harris, Orr Lake, forth team was Chris Andrejicka, Essex and fifth team was Wade Beaudoin, St. Thomas.
The Alex McClumpha Memorial Tournament held on October 5th at Markland Wood Golf Club, was hosted by Owen Russell. The winner of the George Darou Trophy was Duane Schmidtz from Woodstock Meadows Golf Club presented by Ron Craig of Turf Care Products. The low gross superintendent was Brad Bell from Lakeview Golf Club with a 78.
AWARDS
The Barry Endicott Article of the Year went to Reg Langen, Richmond Hill and the Photo of the Year went to Matt Booth, Oshawa.
The Ontario dog selected to appear in the Lebanon Turf Dog Calendar was “Hunter” owned by John McLinden from the Ladies Golf Club of Toronto. ■
I have always dreamed of having a device which could translate to and from any language, such that I could communicate with anyone, anywhere, anytime. In the wide world of science fiction, several solutions have been proposed. In Star Trek, they had handheld Universal Translators which did it in real time. When an alien was talking, everyone in the room heard the speaker’s words simultaneously in the listener’s native tongue. In the Douglas Adam classic, Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, there was a similar thing called a Babel Fish – a tiny fish which you placed in your ear to translate for you. Not my first choice. In Star Wars, they didn’t bother to explain how everyone could understand everyone else (including the squeaks, squawks, and whistles emanating from R2D2) – because they had light sabers and nifty special effects, which distracted us from thinking about continuity, or the fact that every plot line is stolen from Greek Mythology. Naturally the humans in science fiction don’t require such things to communicate among themselves; because in the future, everyone speaks English for some unknown reason. The villains usually have some type of vague European accent.
The result is the same – we often need help to understand what is truly being said to us in our everyday lives. In the Superintendent’s case, what do golfers really mean when they say things? In the interest of crystal-clear communication – I have created the following compendium of common golfer complaints, coupled with their literal translation:
But here on present day Earth, not only do we need assistance to speak to humans from other places (they actually make devices and apps to do this now) – we often need translators to comprehend the utterings of those around us who speak the King’s English perfectly well. Partially, it stems from the imprecise nature of our language. Partially, it stems from two decades of social media hobbling our ability to communicate with anybody face to face. Mostly, it stems from the fact that people seldom say what they really mean.
If a golfer complains that the “sand in the bunkers is too soft” – it means that he he’s been hitting it fat all day.
Similarly, if the criticism is that “the bunker sand is too hard” – then he’s been hitting it thin. They probably bladed one or two over the back of the green.
The same will be said of hard or soft fairways.
If putts are consistently being made from below the hole – they will say that the greens are “slow.”
If a golfer tells you that the greens are “so fast that they are unplayable” – that golfer was quite likely putting downhill all day, because they kept leaving the ball above the hole every time.
When an amateur architect complains about the length of a forced carry over a hazard – they are really admitting that they are playing from the wrong tee deck but are too proud to move forward.
If one never learned to shape a shot left, or right, or both – the complaint will be that there are “unfair bunker or tree positions on the course.”
When a customer complains that the “cart paths are too rough”chances are high, that they are driving too fast.
“I haven’t seen the beer cart all day” – is an indication of poor planning, and possibly alcoholism
“The Marshall is a jerk” - you are probably a jerk. Funny how people who are unpleasant, always seem to be surrounded by other unpleasant people.
“The Marshall is harassing me” – you are probably too slow.
“The Marshall isn’t doing anything to speed up play” – you are probably behind the group that thinks they are being harassed.
“The rough is too long and thick to play out of” - means “I can’t hit a fairway.”
If someone says, “On my brother-inlaw’s course, the Superintendent does it differently” – get your resume up to date, they are looking to replace you.
I hope this list of common golfer phrases and their translation, will help to clarify things. ■
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