30
PLASTICS AND THEIR MANUFACTURE
ELASTOMERS
4.1 The use of plastics in Germany, 2007.
4.4 EPDM sealing profiles.
4.2 The applications of plastics in construction in Germany, 2007. 4.3 Acronyms for plastics according to Din En iSo 1043-1 (basic polymers) and Din iSo 1629 (rubbers and latices).
4.1
4.5 Test specimen for determining the hardness of plastics according to the
Shore classification.
4.2 Electronics 7.4 % Furniture 3.8 % Household products 2.9 % Agriculture 2.5 % Medicine 1.7 %
31
4.4
4.5
3 1.25
Vehicles 9.2 %
Packaging 32.4 %
other 14.9 % insulation 27 % Profiles 34 %
Pipes 24 %
Construction 25.2 %
30°
2.5
0.1
Shore D
other 15 %
3 1.25
4.3
2.5
Acronym
Chemical name
Acronym
Chemical name
ABS
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
PE-HD
Polyethylene high density
ACM
Acrylic rubber
PE-LD
Polyethylene low density
ACS
Acrylonitrile chloroprene-styrene
PE-LLD
Polyethylene linear low density
ASA
Acrylonitrile styrene acrylate
PE-MD
Polyethylene medium density
a 0.1 mm ball tip is used. Each scale results in a value between 0 and 100, with
AU
Polyurethane rubber
PE-UHMW
Polyethylene ultra high molecular weight
higher values indicating a harder material. The specific Shore scale used is indi-
Br
Butadiene rubber
PE-ULD
Polyethylene ultra low density
cated in a suffix.
CA
Cellulose acetate
PE-VLD
Polyethylene very low density
CH
Hydrated cellulose, cellulose film (cellophane)
PEEK
Polyetheretherketone
Cr
Chloroprene rubber (neoprene)
PEK
Polyetherketone
CSF
Casein formaldehyde (casein plastic)
PET
Polyethylene terephthalate
EP
Epoxy resin
PET-G
Polyethylene terephthalate modified with glycol
EPDM
Ethylene propylene diene rubber
PF
Phenol formaldehyde resin
EPM
Ethylene propylene rubber
Pi
Polyimide
ETFE
Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene
PMA
Polymethylacrylate
EU
Polyether urethane rubber
PMMA
Polymethyl methacrylate
EVAC
Ethylene vinyl acetate
PMMi
Polymethyl methacrylimide
The material has a broad working temperature range from – 30 °C to + 140 °C. it is
iir
Butyl rubber
PoM
Polyoxymethylene (= polyacetal resin)
resistant against organic solutions such as alcohol as well as inorganic solutions
ir
isoprene rubber
PP
Polypropylene
such as salts, alkali leaches and acids. EPDM exhibits strong swelling properties in
LCP
Liquid crystal polymer
PPE
Polyphenylene ether
oils and fuels, which can have a detrimental effect on the longevity of some EPDM
MF
Melamine formaldehyde resin
PS
Polystyrene
products.
MPF
Melamine phenol formaldehyde resin
PTFE
Polytetrafluoroethylene
Trade names nordel (DuPont), Buna (Lanxess), Dutral (Polimeri), Keltan (DSM),
MUF
Melamine urea formaldehyde resin
PUr
Polyurethane
Vistalon (Exxon Mobil Chemical)
nBr
nitrile butadiene rubber
PVAC
Polyvinyl acetate
Manufacture Calendering for roofing membranes; extrusion for pipes, profiles and
nr
natural rubber
PVB
Polyvinyl butyral
tubing
PA
Polyamide
PVC
Polyvinyl chloride
Working, joining Gluing; EPDM-roofing membranes can be joined at their edges of
PAC
Polyacetylene
SAn
Styrene acrylonitrile
uncross-linked PE, using hot-air welding
PAEK
Polyacryletherketone
SB
Styrene Butadiene
PAn
Polyacrylonitrile
SP
Aromatic (saturated) polyester
Applications Bridge supports; waterproofing, for example membranes for flat
PB
Polybutylene
TPE
Thermoplastic elastomer
PBT
Polybutylene terephthalate
UF
Urea formaldehyde
PC
Polycarbonate
UP
Unsaturated polyester
PE
Polyethylene
35° Shore A
0.79
ETHYLENE PROPYLENE DIENE RUBBER (EPDM) of all the elastomers, EPDM 4.4
is most widely used in the field of construction. The basis polymer EPM (ethylene propylene rubber) has excellent aging stability, weather and chemical resistance. Through the introduction of a diene, the polymer chains can be cross-linked with sulphur bridges to form ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM). EPDM is permanently elastic and has good mechanical properties even after extensive use. Due to its excellent UV and ozone stability, it is ideally suited for long-term use outdoors.
roofs; sealing strips in windows and façades; joint expansion strips for joints between concrete building elements