Diagnostic Enzymes

2020 Featured Enzyme Products for Diagnostic Use Creative Enzymes Inc.

01 PART 01

Introductions

Introduction An enzyme is a biological catalyst and is almost always a protein. It speeds up the rate of a specific chemical reaction in the cell. The enzyme is not destroyed during the reaction and is used over and over. A cell contains thousands of different types of enzyme molecules, each specific to a particular chemical reaction.

Introductions

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Enzymes play a key role in the metabolic activities of all organisms from human to microbial. The abnormality in metabolism leads to many metabolic disorders.

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Studies have shown that many metabolic disorders are resulted from enzyme deficiency. Enzymes also have a wide range of applications in microbial biotechnology and the diagnosis process. They have been widely used in clinical examination as preferred markers in disease states such as myocardial infarction, jaundice, pancreatitis, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. They provide insight into the disease process through the ability of diagnosis, prognosis, and assessment of response therapy.

Introductions 3

The rapid and accurate diagnosis of major diseases and their appropriate treatments are the main factors that promote the best clinical results and public health.

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Enzymes have remarkable biocatalytic properties, so they are widely used in the diagnosis of various diseases. Many enzymes are the first choice markers for detecting various diseases.

Enzymes provide insight into various

diseases through diagnosis, prognosis and evaluation of response therapy.

02 PART 02

Enzymes in disease diagnosis

Enzymes in disease diagnosis

The diagnosis of the serum level of certain enzymes has been used as an indicator of cellular damage that results in the release of intracellular components into the blood stream. Hence, when a physician reveals that a person has to undergo a neurological enzyme assay, the purpose is to ascertain whether or not there is brain damage.

Commonly assayed enzymes for the diagnosis of various diseases are as follows: ➢ Alkaline phosphatase

➢ Creatine kinase ➢ Aminotransferases ➢ Dehydrogenases

Alkaline phosphatase

➢ Cholinesterase ➢ Cyclooxygenase ➢ Tartrateresistant acid phosphatase

Liver Diseases The liver is the largest internal organ and plays an important role in many body functions, including blood detoxification, cholesterol, glucose, iron metabolism, etc. Various conditions can affect the normal function of the liver, including hepatitis, excessive alcohol consumption and drugs such as acetaminophen. Under these abnormal conditions, various enzymes will be released into the blood, and the quantification of these catalysts may lead to the detection of diseases. The enzymes that help diagnose abnormal liver/liver damage are described as follows.

Enzyme

Disorder/Disease

Acid phosphatase

Malaria

Alanine aminotransferase

Hepatocellular damage Hepatitis B and C

Amylase

Pancreatitis Myocardial infarction

Alkaline phosphatase

Type II diabetes Obstructed liver

Creatine kinase

Myocardial damage Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Gelatinase-B

Gastric cancer

Cancer Cancer can be defined as a disease in which group of cells grow abnormally, resulting in their uncontrolled growth and proliferation. This proliferation can be fatal, if it is allowed to continue and spread. Moreover, 90% of cancer related deaths are due to the process called metastasis. During the diseased condition, the level of certain enzymes in the bloodstream becomes abnormal, which further acts as a biomarker of cancer prognosis. A few enzymes that are involved in the detection of cancer are mentioned as follows: ⚫ Acid Phosphatases (ACP) ⚫ Cathepsin D (CD) ⚫ Cysteine Cathepsins (CCs) ⚫ Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) ⚫ Dehydrogenases (DH) ⚫ Sorbitol dehydrogenase ⚫ Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase Structure of Cathepsin D (CD)

⚫ Thymidine Kinase (TK)

Cardiac Disorders Cardiovascular diseases are the class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels.

These are commonly related to atherosclerosis, where fat is deposited in the arteries in the form of plaque, causing them to narrow, and possibly become blocked. This can cause high blood pressure, heart attack, stroke, or peripheral arterial diseases. Various risk factors related to cardiac abnormality include high blood cholesterol, physical inactivity, depression, stress, excess weight, unhealthy eating, and so forth. A few enzymes that are involved in cardiovascular diseases are mentioned as follows:

⚫ Creatine Kinase (CK) ⚫ Glycogen Phosphorylase (GP) ⚫ Gelatinases ⚫ Amylases

Creatine Kinase (CK)

03

Featured Enzyme Products for Diagnostic Use

PART 03 Creative Enzymes provides enzyme products for diagnostic use.

These products have passed a series of quality control (QC) assays to ensure high quality. Please contact us if you have any questions or specific needs.

Featured Enzyme Products for Diagnostic Use

Products

Native Microorganism

Native Pseudomonas sp.

Native Microorganism

Cholesterol Esterase

Cholesterol Oxidase

Cholesterol Oxidase

DIA-135 Sterol esterase is useful for enzymatic determination of total cholesterol when coupled with cholesterol oxidase in clinical analysis.

DIA-136

DIA-138

Cholesterol oxidase is useful for enzymatic determination of cholesterol in serum when coupled with cholesterol esterase in clinical analysis.

Cholesterol oxidase is useful for enzymatic determination of cholesterol in serum when coupled with cholesterol esterase in clinical analysis.

Native Microorganism

Native Microorganism

Glucose-6-phosphate

Glucose-6-phosphate

Dehydrogenase

Dehydrogenase

DIA-145 DIA-145 is useful for enzymatic determination of NAD+(NADP+) and G-6-P, and activities of phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphoglucomutase and hexokinase.

DIA-181 Alkaline phosphatase has become a useful tool in molecular biology laboratories.

Alkaline phosphatase is also used as a label for enzyme immunoassays.

Featured Enzyme Products for Diagnostic Use

Products

Native Microorganism N-Acetylneuraminic

Native Pediococcus Rhizopus sp. Glucoamylase

Acid Aldolase

DIA-182

sp. L-Îą-glycerophosphate Oxidase

DIA-190

DIA-199

This enzyme is useful for structural investigation of carbohydrates and for enzymatic determination of Îą-amylase when combined with the related enzymes in clinical analysis.

This enzyme is useful for enzymatic determination of triglyceride when coupled with lipoprotein lipase and glycerokinase in clinical analysis.

DIA-182 is useful for enzymatic determination of N-acetylneuraminic acid and sialic acid when coupled with the related enzymes in clinical analysis.

Native Microorganism

Native Microorganism

Hexokinase

Lactate Oxidase

DIA-202 The enzyme is useful for enzymatic determination of glucose, adenosine-5'triphosphate (ATP) and creatine phosphokinase when coupled with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

DIA-208 This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism. It employs one cofactor, FMN. DIA-208 is useful for enzymatic determination of L-lactate.

Featured Enzyme Products for Diagnostic Use

Products

Native Microorganism

Lipoprotein Lipase

DIA-211 This enzyme is useful for enzymatic determination of triglyceride in serum when coupled with L-Îąglycerophosphate oxidase and glycerol kinase.

Native Flavobacterium sp.

Proline Specific Endopeptidase

DIA-213 Proline specific endopeptidase is inhibited by diisopropylfluorophosphate and may therefore be classified as a serine endopeptidase.

Native Microorganism

Diaphorase from

Xanthine Oxidase

Microorganism

DIA-218

DIA-275

These enzymes catalyze the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and can further catalyze the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid.

Diaphorase has great practical value in tumor chemotherapy. With the association between diaphorase and tumor, we can guide the application of bioreductive drugs

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