Bus Terminal Cum Commercial Complex

SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE 2014-2019

THESIS PROJECT BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

Bhomaram J. Mistry 2014PUSPABARX03000

POORNIMA UNIVERSITY IS 2027-31, Ramchandrapura, PO Vidhani Vatika Sitapura Extension, Jaipur – 303905, Rajasthan (India) www.poornima.edu.in

APPROVAL

The study titled “Bus Terminal Cum Commercial Complex” is hereby approved as an original work of Bhomaram J. Mistry, enrolment no./roll no 2014BARX1034 on the approved subject carried out and presented in manner satisfactory to warrant its acceptance as per the standard laid down by the university. This report has been submitted in the partial fulfillment for the award of B.ARCH degree from POORNIMA UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE, JAIPUR. It is to be understood that the undersigned does not necessarily endorse or approve any statement made, any opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein, but approves the study only for the purpose it has been submitted.

DATE: 08/05/2019 PLACE: JAIPUR

THESIS GUIDE

EXTERNAL EXAMINER (NAME & SIGN.)

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

THESIS CO-ORDINATOR

EXTERNAL EXAMINER (NAME & SIGN.)

DEAN

DECLARATION

I, Bhomaram J. Mistry 2014PUSPABARX03000, hereby solemnly declare that the research/THESIS work undertaken by me, titled “Bus Terminal Cum Commercial Complex� is my original work and wherever I have incorporated any information in the form of photographs, text, data, maps, drawings, etc. from different sources, has been duly acknowledged in my report.

Bhomaram J. Mistry VTH YEAR (XTH SEM) 2014-2019

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Study of any subject requires some planning, knowledge and proper line of action.

A number of people were directly or indirectly involved and helped me in compilation of the information for this project.

I am thankful of all those persons for their kind co-operation. I am thankful to my guide, Ar. N.C Nakra for being kind and providing me timely guidance. I am grateful to my co-ordinator who regularly gave me feedback on my work.

I also thank Akshay Singh Ji and Girish Bhai Parmar who helped me in my project and allow me for the opportunity of further research.

I am thankful to my juniors, Deepak Suthar, Manutosh Sinha, Dev Khatri, who rendered their help and also my friends Suresh Suthar, Ankit Srivastava who helped me through my work. I shall never forget all those who boosted me up during this period.

Last but most important, I would like to thanks Almighty and my parents for keeping my moral high. It took me more effort, time and mental exercise to do this project than any other in the past. At the end I feel pleased with all my efforts which I have put in the completion of this project.

Date:08/05/2019 Bhomaram J. Mistry

Contents APPROVAL……………………………………………………………………………………………i DECLARATION…………………………………………………………………………………….ii PLAGIARISM CERTIFICATE………………………………………………………………………………………iii ACKNOLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………………………………iv CONTENTS………………………………………………………………………………………….v LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………………………………………………………………….vi BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………………………………….vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ...................................................... 1 1.1 Topic of Study: .................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Introduction: ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Aim: ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.4 Objective: ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.5 Scope & Limitations: ........................................................................................................... 2 1.6 Case Studies: ....................................................................................................................... 2 1.7 Methodology: ...................................................................................................................... 3

CHAPTER 2: PROJECT INFORMATION ........................................... 4 2.1 Site: ..................................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Site Area: ............................................................................................................................. 4 2.3 Site Location: ....................................................................................................................... 4 2.4 Criteria for selection of the site: ......................................................................................... 4 2.5 About the City: .................................................................................................................... 4 2.6 Demographics: .................................................................................................................... 5 2.7 Master Plan 2031: ............................................................................................................... 6 2.8 Site Details: ......................................................................................................................... 7 2.8.1 Project .......................................................................................................................... 7 2.8.2 Client ............................................................................................................................ 7 2.8.3 Jurisdiction ................................................................................................................... 7 2.8.4 Location ........................................................................................................................ 7 2.8.5 Connectivity ................................................................................................................. 7 2.8.6 Approach Road ............................................................................................................. 8

2.8.7 Orientation ................................................................................................................... 8 2.8.8 Wind Direction ............................................................................................................. 8 2.8.9 Topography and Soil Condition .................................................................................... 8 2.8.10 Off Site Features ........................................................................................................ 8 2.8.11 Physical Infrastructure Facilities/Services Available on Site ...................................... 8 2.9 Potential of Proposed Site: ................................................................................................. 9 2.10 Major Functional Area of Bus Terminal: ......................................................................... 10 2.11 The Daily Routine of the People at the Existing Bus Terminal: ....................................... 11 2.12 Bye‐Laws: ........................................................................................................................ 13

CHAPTER 3: CASE STUDY ........................................................ 15 3.1 Live Study: ......................................................................................................................... 15 3.1.1 RANIP BUS TERMINAL, AHMEDABAD, GUJARAT ....................................................... 15 3.1.1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 16 3.1.1.2 Reason for Selecting the Site .............................................................................. 16 3.1.1.3 Accessibility ......................................................................................................... 16 3.1.1.4 Climatic Analysis .................................................................................................. 16 3.1.1.5 Amenities of the Building .................................................................................... 17 3.1.1.6 Plans ................................................................................................................. 18 3.1.1.7 Observations ....................................................................................................... 24 3.2 Literature Study: ............................................................................................................... 26 3.2.1 CHENNAI MOFUSSIL BUS TERMINAL ......................................................................... 26 3.2.1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 26 3.2.1.2 Initial Condition of the Site ................................................................................. 28 3.2.1.3 Reason for Selecting the Site .............................................................................. 28 3.2.1.4 Location of Mofussil Bus Terminal ...................................................................... 28 3.2.1.5 Built‐Up Area ....................................................................................................... 28 3.2.1.6 Main Terminal Building ....................................................................................... 29 3.2.1.7 Bus Bay and Parking ............................................................................................ 30 3.2.1.8 Facilities Provided in the Terminal ...................................................................... 31 3.2.1.9 Services ............................................................................................................... 32 3.2.1.10 Observations ..................................................................................................... 32 3.2.2 GEETA MANDIR BUS TERMINAL, AHMEDABAD ......................................................... 34 3.2.2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 35 3.2.2.2 Design Principle ................................................................................................... 35 3.2.2.3 Facilities ............................................................................................................... 35

3.2.2.4 Activities .............................................................................................................. 36

CHAPTER 4: ADVANCED STUDY ................................................ 38 MULTI-LEVEL CAR PARKING ..................................................... 38 4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 38 4.2 Aim .................................................................................................................................... 38 4.3 Objective ........................................................................................................................... 38 4.4 Scope & Limitations .......................................................................................................... 38 4.5 Case Studies ...................................................................................................................... 39 4.6 Car Parking Standards ....................................................................................................... 40 4.7 Types of Parking ................................................................................................................ 44 4.7.1 On Street Parking (Surface Parking) ........................................................................... 44 4.7.2 Off Street Parking ....................................................................................................... 45 4.8 Multi‐level Car Parking ...................................................................................................... 48 4.8.1 Types of Multi‐Level Parking ...................................................................................... 48 4.8.2 Advantages & Disadvantages of Multi‐level parking ................................................. 49 4.9 Case Studies ...................................................................................................................... 50 4.9.1 Live Study ................................................................................................................... 50 SOUTH SQUARE, MLCP, NEW DELHI ................................................................................... 50 4.9.1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 50 4.9.1.2 Criteria for Selection of Site ................................................................................ 50 4.9.1.3 Location & Area ................................................................................................... 50 4.9.1.4 Accessibility ......................................................................................................... 51 4.9.1.5 Climatic Analysis .................................................................................................. 51 4.9.1.6 Plans .................................................................................................................... 52 4.9.1.7 Advantages & Disadvantages .............................................................................. 55 4.9.1.8 Observations ....................................................................................................... 56

CHAPTER 5 FINAL DRAWINGS .................................................. 57 5.1

Site Plan ....................................................................................................................... 57

5.2

Floor Plans ................................................................................................................... 57

5.3

Elevations .................................................................................................................... 57

5.4

Sections ....................................................................................................................... 57

5.5

3d Views ...................................................................................................................... 57

BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Topic of Study: Bus Terminal Cum Commercial Complex 1.2 Introduction: For communications from one place to another, transportation is one of the most essential requirements either in the sense of tourism or for the visiting purpose. Many factors, such as convenience between places, tourism promotion, communication between places, etc., have foretold the importance of planning, for instance road industry, in the context of bus terminal settlements.

The bus terminal is the day-to-day travel condition for people traveling from home to work and vice versa. The public rush and the waiting area next to the road is increasing. The designing of a bus depot or terminal allows less traffic problems and public rush jumping on the roads. Users who wait for the delayed bus or have their bus scheduled long, uses the nearby shopping spaces, as well as food, juices, etc. The combination of the two spaces in one decreases the long wait for buses and the time to move between two spaces (bus terminal and commercial spaces).

There are two types of bus terminal: one for local buses and the other

for

national

buses.

Commercial

areas

include

shops,

restaurants, children's areas, etc.

The commercial Bus Terminal can be a leisure hub for those who enjoy spending their precious time and life.

1.3 Aim: To study and design the bus terminal and commercial space with a recreational environment for the users.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 1.4 Objective: 1. Background Study 2. Identification of requirements.

3. Identification of case studies.

4. Comparative analysis of case studies.

5. Design Development. a. Inferences of the case studies and literature studies. b. Standards & Bye- Laws c. To use site optimally and increase the efficiency of the activities. d. Connectivity between the activities done in bus terminus and commercial complex. e. Provide an architecture solution for integrating the terminal with commercial complex.

To decrease the traffic issues and increase the activity program in the commercial complex.

1.5 Scope & Limitations:  Designing of Bus Terminal 

Designing of Commercial Space (Shops, Restaurants, etc.)



Multi-Level Car Parking System

1.6 Case Studies: 1. Live Study i. Ranip Bus Terminal, Ahmedabad 2. Literature Study i. Bus Terminal Mofussil, Chennai ii. Geeta Mandir Bus Terminal, Ahmedabad

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 1.7 Methodology:

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

CHAPTER 2: PROJECT INFORMATION 2.1 Site: The proposed site for the Bus Terminal is located near Raika Bagh Railway Station, Jodhpur, Rajasthan.

2.2 Site Area: 36,863.83 Sq.m / 3.7 Hectare / 9.10 Acres 2.3 Site Location:  The site is located in the southern part of the city and it is 3.2 km towards the east of Jodhpur Railway Station, which is next to Raika Bagh Railway Station. 

The site is easily accessible by means of city buses, private vehicles,

auto-rickshaws

or

any

other

mode

of

road

transport 

The site is also accessible by the rail transport due to the presence of Raika Bagh Railway Station.



Co-ordinates are 26.28-degree North, 73.02-degree East.

2.4 Criteria for selection of the site:  The site is located at Jodhpur in the heart of the city. 

The site has good and easy road connectivity to various Districts and National Highway.



The site is connected to Raika Bagh Railway Station.

2.5 About the City:  Jodhpur is one of Rajasthan's largest districts, with a geographical area of 22,850 km2. Central to the Western part of the state.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 

Jodhpur is Rajasthan's second-largest town in the Indian state.



Jodhpur is bounded by the cities like Nagaur in the East, Jaisalmer towards West, Bikaner in the North and Barmer & Pali in the South direction.



It was declared the second "Metropolitan City" of Rajasthan after its population passed a million.



It was once the headquarters of a princely State of the same name, the kingdom's capital called Marwar.

2.6 Demographics:  In 2011, Jodhpur population was 10,33,918, of which 52,62% were male and 47,38% were female according to the provisional report of Census India. 

Jodhpur city has an average literacy rate of 81,56% of males, 88,42% and women, 73,93%.



Almost 12.24% of the city population consists of children less than 6 years of age.



The

city

of

Jodhpur

is

governed

by

Jodhpur

Urban

Agglomeration Municipal Corporation.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 2.7 Master Plan 2031:

Figure 2. 1 Master Plan 2031 Source: http://urban.rajasthan.gov.in/content/raj/udh/jda--jodhpur/en/masterplan/master-plan-2031.html

Figure 2. 2 Master Plan 2031 Source: http://urban.rajasthan.gov.in/content/raj/udh/jda--jodhpur/en/masterplan/master-plan-2031.html

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 2.8 Site Details:

Figure 2. 3 Bus Terminal Site, Jodhpur Source: R.S.R.T.C Office

2.8.1 Project Bus Terminal cum Commercial Complex 2.8.2 Client Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation 2.8.3 Jurisdiction Jodhpur Development Authority 2.8.4 Location Paota Sabji Mandi, Ajit Colony, Raika Bagh Railway Station, Jodhpur 2.8.5 Connectivity Jodhpur Airport

5.8 km

Jodhpur Railway Station

3.2 km

Raika Bagh Railway Station

0.2 km

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 2.8.6 Approach Road Site can be accessed through: 

24m wide road on the North Side (Banar Road)



24m wide road on the West Side (High Court Road)

2.8.7 Orientation  The major axis of the site is along the north-west axis.

2.8.8 Wind Direction  The direction for cool winds in Jodhpur is the south-west. 

The average daily wind speed in February has been around 4 km/h.

2.8.9 Topography and Soil Condition  The site is relatively plain; no contours are present on the site. 

Soil is sandy and loamy.

2.8.10 Off Site Features  South side Raika Bagh railway Station. 

North and west side flyovers on 24M wide road.



Towards North side school and Sabji Mandi is there.



Towards west side hospital, Hotel and bank is here.

2.8.11 Physical Infrastructure Facilities/Services Available on Site 1. Water Supply 

A municipal water supply line runs along the road to the west of the side

2. Sewage 

Sewage disposal line is along the west side of the site

3. Electricity 

A transformer is located on south side of the site.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 

Number of electric poles and light poles are present on the site.



Light poles on south and west side road.

4. Garbage Disposal 

Garbage is removed by municipal body

5. Vegetation 

Neem and Kair trees are found in and around the site

6. Climatic Study 

The climate of Jodhpur is generally hot and semi-arid, and extreme during the peak summer months of April, May and June when the temperature varies from 35° to 44° C.

7. Rainfall Precipitation 

The average rainfall is around 450mm (18”)



Scanty rainfall during monsoon season and some rainfall during winter.

8. Humidity 

The average daily relative humidity for February is around 37%

2.9 Potential of Proposed Site:  The proposed Bus Terminal is situated next to the Raika Bagh Railway Station with two road connectivity’s at Paota Circle. 

The Bus Terminal will be in the heart of the city to cater all the bus routes from other cities.



The Ajit colony will be experiencing planned development and will have high potential of growth, creating a maximum potential of the proposed site to be a landmark in terms of commercial development and Bus Terminal facilities.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 

The site is also well connected to the Raika Bagh Railway Station Holy Spirit College and High Court.



Medical facilities are also nearby to the project site few to be named are Rajasthan Hospital, Lifeline Hospital, Rajkiya Jila Hospital & Zila Hospital Paota making the site a prime location.

2.10 Major Functional Area of Bus Terminal: 1. LOADING AND UNLOADING PLATFORMS 2. FACILITIES FOR PASSENGERS 

Waiting areas



Rest rooms



Cloak room



Restaurants and Cafeteria



Drinking water facilities



Toilets

3. FACILITIES FOR STAFF 

Adequate office space



Parking space



Proper facilities



Good communication systems with passengers

4. PARKING FACILITIES 

Visitor



Passengers



Staff



Buses

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 2.11 The Daily Routine of the People at the Existing Bus Terminal:

Figure 2. 4 Traffic Survey of Buses Source: https://www.google.com/maps/place/Paota+Roadways+Bus+Stand/@26.292781,73.03979 44,17.94z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x39418daa8839bd21:0xe7b27af79e4059fb!8m2!3d26.292136 9!4d73.0396595

Figure 2. 5 Traffic Survey of Buses Source; https://www.google.com/maps/place/Paota+Roadways+Bus+Stand/@26.292781,73.03979 44,17.94z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x39418daa8839bd21:0xe7b27af79e4059fb!8m2!3d26.292136 9!4d73.0396595

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

Figure 2. 6 Traffic Survey of Buses Source:https://www.google.com/maps/place/Paota+Roadways+Bus+Stand/@26.292781,7 3.0397944,17.94z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x39418daa8839bd21:0xe7b27af79e4059fb!8m2!3d26 .2921369!4d73.0396595

Figure 2. 7 Traffic Survey of Buses Source:https://www.google.com/maps/place/Paota+Roadways+Bus+Stand/@26.292781,7 3.0397944,17.94z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x39418daa8839bd21:0xe7b27af79e4059fb!8m2!3d26 .2921369!4d73.0396595

Figure 2. 8 Traffic Survey of Buses Source:https://www.google.com/maps/place/Paota+Roadways+Bus+Stand/@26.292781, 73.0397944,17.94z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x39418daa8839bd21:0xe7b27af79e4059fb!8m2!3 d26.2921369!4d73.0396595

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

Figure 2. 9 Traffic Survey of Buses Source:https://www.google.com/maps/place/Paota+Roadways+Bus+Stand/@26.292781,7 3.0397944,17.94z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x39418daa8839bd21:0xe7b27af79e4059fb!8m2!3d26 .2921369!4d73.0396595

Figure 2. 10 Traffic Survey of Buses Source:https://www.google.com/maps/place/Paota+Roadways+Bus+Stand/@26.292781,7 3.0397944,17.94z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x39418daa8839bd21:0xe7b27af79e4059fb!8m2!3d2 6.2921369!4d73.0396595

2.12 Bye-Laws: 

When the area exceeds 1-hectare, the Built-Up Area Ratio (BAR) is 2



Maximum coverage area permitted – 40%



Setbacks allowed –

Front 9m Back 9m Side 9m

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 

Maximum Height of the building allowed is 1.5 times road width + front setback



Laws of parking – o 1 ECU should be provided per 75 Sq.m.





75 % for Cars and bus



25 % for Two Wheelers

Laws For exits – o Proper consideration for exits in fire spread and emergency should be made o All entrance and exits should be highlighted o Adequate lightning at all the entry and exits o Building having height more than 15m should have fire fighting measures



Water Harvesting o If the lot area 500-1000 Sq.m – size of tank 1x1x1 m3



Sanitation Requirement o Water closet for males: 4 for first 1000 person and 1 for every subsequent 1000 persons o No. Of WC – 24no’s o Urinals for males: 6 for first 1000 persons and 1 for every subsequent 1000 persons. o No. Of urinals – 26 no’s o Water closet for female: 5 for the first 1000 person and 1 for every subsequent 2000 person o No. Of WC required – 15 no’s

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN CHAPTER 3: CASE STUDY 3.1 Live Study: 3.1.1 RANIP BUS TERMINAL, AHMEDABAD, GUJARAT

Figure 3. 1 Image Showing Front View Source: Author

Site Area 30,000 Sq.m Location 132 Feet Ring Road, Ranip BRTS Corridor, Ahmedabad Architect Sancube Infra Projects Pvt. Ltd. Platforms 2 Bays with total 30 buses Buses Parking 20 Buses

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 3.1.1.1 Introduction Ranip Bus Terminal was created as a modern terminal providing the users various facilities. The Terminal design was split into two parts the Bus Terminal and the Commercial Complex. This provides the separate use of terminal and the commercial complex by the local users and the users using the bus terminal. This attempt made a new benchmark for the bus terminal and was an inspiration to Arved Transcube Plaza, Vadodara.

3.1.1.2 Reason for Selecting the Site 

 

Ranip Bus Terminal is one of the best examples of amalgamation of the terminal and the commercial space which makes the user to utilize their time if the bus is delayed.

The terminal is connected with the plaza to allow the internal connectivity for the users and have an ease access.

The structure is designed in a modern way which is observed by looking the front facade and attracts the people.

3.1.1.3 Accessibility  The site is accessible from the 132 feet ring road at ahmedabad - patan highway road which runs along the southern side of the site. o Airport : Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport 7.4 KM o Railway station : Ahmedabad Railway Station - 6.4 KM o Bus stand : GEETA MANDIR - 9.0 KM 3.1.1.4 Climatic Analysis Hot and dry for six months.

Hot & humid for three months.

Three months are relatively comfortable.    

The analysis of temperature and humidity shows that cooling is required for most of the year.

All through the summer, sunshine is intense and buildings and pedestrian walkways need protection from the sun.

Wind is variable but the main wind direction is S-SW-W. The preferred orientation of buildings for wind is SW but this is at variance with the North South orientation that is needed for sun protection.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 

Taking this into an advantage benefit, the building is designed in such a way that the south facade is semi-open with small pieces of fabric sheets installed as a facade element.

Figure 3. 2 Front View Source: Author

Figure 3. 3 Façade Fabric Sheet Source: Author

3.1.1.5 Amenities of the Building Bus Terminal Amenities.

Commercial Amenities.

Entertainment Amenities.      

Shopping plaza connected with the bus terminal.

Business hub within the shopping plaza separated by the floor.

Dormitory.

Restaurants, food kiosks, food shop at the terminal.

Gaming zone.

Office of G.S.R.T.C & for the R.S.R.T.C. Multiplex Flea market.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 3.1.1.6 Plans

Figure 3. 4 Ground Floor Plan Source: http://www.arvedtranscube.com/floor-plans.html

Figure 3. 5 Entrance View Source: Author

Figure 3. 6 Atrium Source: Author

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Figure 3. 7 Faรงade Source: Author

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

Figure 3. 8 Basement 1 Plan Source: http://www.arvedtranscube.com/floor-plans.html

Figure 3. 9 Basement 2 Plan Source: http://www.arvedtranscube.com/floor-plans.html

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

Figure 3. 10 First Floor Plan Source: http://www.arvedtranscube.com/floor-plans.html

Figure 3. 11 Second Floor Plan Source: http://www.arvedtranscube.com/floor-plans.html

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

Figure 3. 12 Third Floor Plan Source: http://www.arvedtranscube.com/floor-plans.html

Figure 3. 13 Fourth Floor Plan Source: http://www.arvedtranscube.com/floor-plans.html

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

Figure 3. 14 Fifth Floor Plan Source: http://www.arvedtranscube.com/floor-plans.html

Figure 3. 15 Sixth To Eighth Floor Plan Source: http://www.arvedtranscube.com/floor-plans.html

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

Figure 3. 16 Ninth Floor Plan Source: http://www.arvedtranscube.com/floor-plans.html

3.1.1.7 Observations 

There is a separate entry and exit for the busses.



Auto-rickshaw parking is provided near the entry gate.



Toilet facilities are provided in excess so that there is no interruption created for the users.



Separated entry exit for basement parking’s are provided at the east side of the building.



The entrance for the bus terminal is through the plaza.



Front side is semi-open which creates a problem from the birds due to which trap nets are installed.



The alighting bays are 9 and departure bays are 21.



There are total 9 alighting bays near the entrance which makes the ease access for the passengers to enter the plaza or go out.



The first basement consists of 2 STP plants, service areas, parking.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 

No escalators are provided from the basement to the ground, lifts and staircase are the only accessibility.



The second basement is used for car parking and H.V.A.C plant is provided with the pump room.



The first floor consist of retails shop for croma and reliance with their godowns for the plaza



The bus terminal area on first floor is the G.S.R.T.C office and the deluxe waiting area, restroom for the drivers with ease connectivity near the bay.



The second floor consists of flea market shops & kiosks in the plaza and dormitory for the passengers of bus users in the terminal side.



Average shop size is 340 Sq.ft super built-up area.



7.5 m wide canopy is provided on the first floor for the shade of busses on the ground floor.



Total 16 lifts are installed from which 6 are capsule lifts, 2 service lifts. Rest 8 are normal lifts.



The 3rd floor consists of food court and game zone area with a party hall connected to the food court.



There is no particular restaurants provided and food court of 1125 Sq.m with food shops 18 to 20 Sq.m



There is separate entry for staff with service lift for the goods.



A party hall is also provided with the food court.



The 4th floor consists of office hub, hotel and restaurant.



The hotel starts from 4th floor with rooms facing the bus bay.



The hotel is created as a separate part with plaza to cater the tourists.



Different lifts and entry is provided to the office hub without any connectivity through the bus terminal.



The office shops are of same sizes that of the shops for the flea market 20 m, 25 m.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 3.2 Literature Study: 3.2.1 CHENNAI MOFUSSIL BUS TERMINAL

Figure 3. 17 Front View Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennai_Mofussil_Bus_Terminus

Location Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Near Coimbedu Market, Chennai-108 Architect Ar. Kuldeep Singh Connections Coimbedu Metro Station Platforms 6 Platforms Buses Parking 60 Buses Co-ordinates 13.06 Degree N 80.20 Degree E 3.2.1.1 Introduction Chennai City has an extensive road network which helps the city move easily. The nearby cities like Kolkata, Bangalore, Trichy (Tiruchirappalli), Pondicherry and Tiruvallur can be reached by five national highways. There are two bus services, intercity and BHOMARAM J. MISTRY (2014-2019)

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN interstate, also known as Tiruvallur transport corporation and J.J. transport corporation. Two main bus stands are located in the George city known as express bus stand and Broadway. The Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus (CMBT) is the largest Bus Terminal in the whole south Asia region. The Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus (CMBT) is a modern and state-of-the-art bus terminal that caters to the outstation buses in Chennai, India. Spread over 37 acres in Coimbedu, this is Asia's largest bus terminal, and is recognized for quality and excellence in ISO 9001:2000 certification. It is situated on the 100 ft inner ring road also known as Jawaharlal Nehru Road in Coimbedu between the Coimbedu Vegetable Market and SAF Games Village. Chennai Metro Rail is planned for the coaching depot just behind the Bus Terminal.

Due to the following reasons, the previous bus terminal at Chennai CBD has been transferred to the Chennai Mofussil Bus terminal: 1. Bad environmental condition, with high air and noise pollution levels and road traffic congestion.

2. The environmental concerns related to the fruit, flower and vegetable wholesale and high residential development in and around the terminal affect the environment.

3. There were no basic amenities and thus no scope was available to increase the capacities of these terminals.

Figure 3. 18 Google Map Image Source:https://www.google.com/maps/@13.0670188,80.2066285,892 m/data=!3m1!1e3

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN Site Area- 1,45,686.80 Sq.m/36 Acres Built-Up Area- 17,840 Sq.m Capacity of busses parking- 4,000 Busses Construction Started- 1999 Construction Completed- 2002 Structure of the building- Shell roof Material used- R.C.C 3.2.1.2 Initial Condition of the Site  The land was a marshy land. 

The entire land was dewatered and slush & weeds had been removed from the place before the construction.



The good gravel quality was filled with a mean depth of two meters, and the bus terminal was raised above the maximum level of flooding in the surrounding area.

3.2.1.3 Reason for Selecting the Site  The largest bus terminal in Asia is CMBT. 

It is a landmark in the city.



It is well functioning in transportation system of the metro city Chennai, to understand the complexity of the bus terminus, it is required to study the right approach for design of a terminal, so CMBT is a good prototype for the study.

3.2.1.4 Location of Mofussil Bus Terminal  Chennai International Airport - 12 Km 

Chennai Central Railway station - 13 Km

3.2.1.5 Built-Up Area  Main Hall: 10850 Sq.m 

Bus Fingers: 2500 Sq.m



Pedestrian Walkway: 2500 Sq.m



Electrical Substation: 350 Sq.m



Maintenance Shed: 1400 Sq.m

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

Figure 3. 19 Zoning of Terminus Source: https://www.scribd.com/document/360990397/cmbt-case-study

Figure 3. 21 Entry/Exit of Buses Source: https://www.scribd.com/doc ument/360990397/cmbtcase-study

Figure 3. 22 90° Parking Bay Source: https://www.scribd.com/do cument/360990397/cmbtcase-study

Figure 3. 20 Bay Parking Source: https://www.scribd.com/docu ment/360990397/cmbt-casestudy

3.2.1.6 Main Terminal Building  Main terminal building has shops, ticket counters, toilets, drinking water and other such facilities at the ground floor.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 

It comprises of offices and commercial areas at first floor waiting hall area is double height at both far ends offices and commercial areas are provided at First floor.



Central atrium is more than double height.

Figure 3. 23 Plan of CMBT Source: https://www.scribd.com/document/360990397/cmbt-case-study

Figure 3. 26 Entrance

Figure 3. 24 Mushroom

Figure 3. 25 Largest

Source: https://www.scribd.com /document/360990397/ cmbt-case-study

Column Source: https://www.scribd.com /document/360990397/ cmbt-case-study

Structure in India Source: https://www.scribd.com /document/360990397/ cmbt-case-study

3.2.1.7 Bus Bay and Parking  No of bus fingers: 3 nos. 

Bus bays in each finger: 2 x 30 = 60 nos.



Total no of buses that could be parked in bus bays at a time 180 nos.



Bus slots in idle parking area: 60 nos.



Bus slots in intra–city bus station: 45 nos.



No of Mofussil buses operated per day: 2000 nos.



Public parking area: 2850 Sq.m

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 

Double basement parking structure with a parking capacity of 3000 two wheelers inmate parking area: 2000 Sq.m



Staff parking area: 200 Sq.m

Figure 3. 27 Bus Finger Bay Platform Source: https://www.scribd.com/document/360990397/cmbt-case-study

3.2.1.8 Facilities Provided in the Terminal  Office/Commercial space in first floor: 23000sq.ft. 

Trade Center: 2 Blocks of 5 shops each.



Dispensary just near the entrance.



Cloak Room: 1 No.



Reception/Enquiry Counter: 2 Nos.



Maintenance shed for carrying out small repairs: 1 no’s of 1400 Sq.m



Fuel Filling Station: 1 No’s Of 855 Sq.mt.



Crew Rest Room: 2 No’s Of 500 Sq.mt.



Time Keepers Room: 6 Nos.



Water Treatment Plant (R.O. Plant): 2 Lakh Litres per Day.



Iron Removal Plant (2 no’s): 1 Lakh Litres



Drinking Water Fountains with Cooler: 7 Nos.



Free Emergency Clinic cum Dispensary: M/S Apollo Hospitals (150 Sq. Mt.)



Police out Post: 1 Nos.



Security Cabin: 5 Nos.



Free Wheel Chairs: 6 Nos.



Shops-34

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 

Cameras -61 no



Private Dormitories are provided with bed facility/AC halls



Parking Facilities: Single entry for Staff and public parking



Bank ATM: 4 Nos.



Security Room: 1 Nos.



Telephone Booth: 30 Nos.

3.2.1.9 Services  Fire Fighting o Fire Fighting Sump of 3 Lakh Litres Capacity With Fire Hydrants And Fire Extinguishers Are Provided At Vantage Points.  Electrical o Electric Sub Station: 600 KAV Capacity o Diesel Generator: 380 KAV Capacity as Back Up o Supply to the Essential Services of the Terminus In Case Of Any Power Failure.  Water o Under Water Sumps: 3 Lakh Capacity o Reverse Osmosis Plant: 2 Lakh Capacity o Iron Removal Plant: 2 (1 Lakh & 50000 Capacity.) o Fire fighting Sump: 1 (3 Lakh Capacity) o It Is Also Equipped With Rain Water Harvesting Unit.  Maintenance o The CMBT Is Maintained By CMDA through Revenue Generated Within the Terminus by Collecting Bus Entry Fee, Vehicle Parking Fee, Rent from Shops And Leasing Of Advertisement Rights. o The Maintenance Department Has Been Divided Into Various Divisions. o Entire Day to Day Maintenance Works Are Entrusted To Reputed Contractors On Open Tender Basis and Supervised By Minimum Department Officials Round The Clock All through The Year. o By This Arrangement Excellent Quality of Work Is Achieved With Minimum Staff Commitment from the Department Side.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 3.2.1.10 Observations  The CMBT efficiently connects the different parts of the city and states. 

Pedestrian pathways are well planned such that these do not interfere with the road traffic.



The flow of vehicular movement is well regulated and there is no overcrowding at the entry and exit points.



Separate entries for buses, passengers and taxis.



Provision of toilet for physically challenged persons and accommodation facility for passengers.



No paved area for two-wheeler parking.



No space available for future expansion.



Due to high rents few commercial spaces and most of the bill boards are not utilized which directly reduces the revenue.



No central booking area is provided.



Arrival bus bays for local buses are not properly designed.



First aid and dispensary available for minor injuries and emergencies.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 3.2.2 GEETA MANDIR BUS TERMINAL, AHMEDABAD

Figure 3. 28 Front View Source: https://www.slideshare.net/Palak0202/geeta-mandir-bus-port?qid=0a971b12ea67-4aec-8adb-9aa329ddf757&v=&b=&from_search=1

Location Jamalpur St Road, Kankaria, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

Area BTF (Bus Terminal Facility) =18200m.sq.

Residential = 15200m.sq.

Hotel/ Serviced Apartments = 10700m.sq.

Commercial = 9200m.sq.

Retail = 55200m.sq.

Distances of Important Landmarks from Site Highway- NH- 8 (5.5 km) Kalupur Railway Station (2 km) Airport (10 km) Sabarmati River (1.59 km)

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN Geographical Coordinates 23˚00’46.87”N 72˚35’33.25”E 3.2.2.1 Introduction Geeta Mandir Bus Terminals is a unique adaptive reuse project – one of the first of its kind in India’s infrastructure sector – and includes the redevelopment of an existing bus terminal located in the heart of the Ahmedabad. In close proximity to the historic Pol area (also called the old city), the development has two components: a bus terminal facility, and a mixed-use saleable area to be operated and maintained by Hubtown Limited for a period of 30 years. The form is inspired by the notion of constant movement. The facade design creates a strong horizontal expression, with continuous shadow lines holding the forms together and connecting to existing context, thus accentuating the idea of movement. Geeta Mandir Bus Terminals is a transit-oriented

development

(TOD)

under

a

public-private

partnership (PPP) project between Gujarat State Road and Transport Corporation and Hub town Limited.

3.2.2.2 Design Principle The most important design principles followed in the bust port are given below:

Segregation of fast and slow moving Traffic.



Well defined entry points, exit points and circulation.



Segregation of loading and unloading platforms for faster operation and easy management.



Segregation of different activities within terminal building at different levels.

3.2.2.3 Facilities  There are 25 unloading and loading bays with 6 inclined bays for goods loading and unloading. 

Total 1800 buses arrive and depart from the Port.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 

Proper waiting lounge are provided (separate for male and female).



Good

facilities

for

toilet,

eating,

drinking

water,

public,

telephone, digital display, deluxe and fully Air conditioned waiting areas, etc. 

Essential facilities for accommodation, enquiry counters, etc. are provided.



Control rooms are provided at various spots.



Proper signage’s are provided which provide easy access to the facilities.



Shopping complexes are provided within the site.



Parking space for 30 buses is provided at the back side of the terminal.



Special provision for parking for ambulance is provided.



Basement parking space is provided for cars and 2- wheeler



The Port is divided into 4 different blocks: o Block A - Commercial o Block B - Commercial o Block C - Commercial o Block D1 - Terminal o Block D2 - BTF offices & Hotel

3.2.2.4 Activities 

Basement Floor o Parking o Air Conditioning Plant



Ground Floor o Circulation Of Buses o Cloak Room o Sub Stations o Waiting Areas o Restaurants

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN o Shopping Areas o Workshop o Meter Room o Store o Shopping Area (Commercial Blocks) 

First Floor o Deluxe Waiting Area o BTF Office Area o VIP Rest Rooms o Canteen o Shopping Area(Commercial Blocks)



Second Floor o Gymnasium o Rest Area For Conductors o BTF Office Area o Cafeteria o Shopping Area (Commercial Blocks)



Third, Fourth & Fifth Floor o Office Area o Shopping Area (Terminal Block)

Figure 3. 29 Site Plan Source: https://www.slideshare.net/Palak0202/geeta-mandir-busport?qid=0a971b12-ea67-4aec-8adb-9aa329ddf757&v=&b=&from_search=1

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN CHAPTER 4: ADVANCED STUDY MULTI-LEVEL CAR PARKING 4.1 Introduction The growing population of India has created many problems - one of the challenging ones being car parking which we confront almost every day. Besides the problem of space for cars moving on the road, greater is the problem of space for a parked vehicle considering that private vehicles remain parked for most of their time. Roads are being built for cars to ply but are we also giving the vehicles enough space to park? While residential projects still escape with designated parking, the real problem lie with commercial spaces - many a time which is overcome by taking extra open spaces to park.

Multi-level Parking systems for some time have provided relief since they come with a number of advantages - optimal utilisation of space, lower maintenance and operational cost, lower construction cost (owing to the prefabrication), secure and environment-friendly nature (the underground implementation renders the outdoor space free for landscaping), comfortable for the drivers, cost saving for builders by saving height or depth.

4.2 Aim To study the multi-level car parking system for the Commercial Space.

4.3 Objective 1. Background Study 2. Identification of requirements.

3. Identification of case studies.

4. Comparative analysis of case studies.

5. Design Development.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 4.4 Scope & Limitations  Understanding & implementation of Multi-Level Car Parking System for the commercial block. 

Providing a multi-level parking system instead of open parking due to the hot climate of Jodhpur.



The study will be done from an architectural point of view as mechanical details will not be a part of study.

4.5 Case Studies 1. Live Study a. South Square, Multi-Level Car Park, New Delhi.

2. Literature Study a. Lammermarkt Parking Garage, Leiden, The Netherlands. b. Parking Avenue

Garage

Cliniques

Hippocrate

10,

Universitaires 1200

Saint-Luc,

Woluwe-Saint-

Lambert, Belgium.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 4.6 Car Parking Standards

Figure 4. 1 Car Parking Standards Source: Nufert 3rd Edition

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

Figure 4. 2 Parking Standards Source: Nufert 3rd Edition

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Figure 4. 3 Parking Standards Source: Nufert 3rd Edition

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Figure 4. 4 Parking Standards Source: Nufert 3rd Edition

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 4.7 Types of Parking 4.7.1 On Street Parking (Surface Parking) 1. Parallel Parking 

The vehicles are parked along the length of the road.

Here there is no backward movement involved of vehicle while parking or vice-versa.



Hence, it is the safest parking from the accident perspective.



However, it consumes the maximum curb length and therefore only a minimum number of vehicles can be parked for a given kerbed length.

Figure 4. 5 Parallel Parking Source: https://www.slideshare.net/AmrataYadav/vehicle-parking

2. 30° Parking 

In 30° parking, the vehicles are parked at 30° with respect to the road alignment. In this case, more vehicles can be parked compared to parallel parking.

3. 45° Parking 

As the angle of parking increases by 45°, more number of vehicles can be parked.



Hence compared to parallel parking and 30° parking, more number of vehicles can be accommodated in this type of parking.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 4. 60° Parking 

The vehicles are parked at 60 to the direction of road.

More number of vehicles can be accommodated in this parking type.

5. 90° Parking 

The vehicles are parked perpendicular to the direction of the road.



Although it consumes maximum width kerbed length required is very little.



In this type of parking, the vehicles need complex manoeuvring and this may cause severe accidents.



This arrangement causes obstruction to the road track particularly if the road width is less.



However, it can accommodate maximum number of vehicles for a given kerbed length.

Figure 4. 6 30°, 45°, 60°, 90° Parking Source: https://www.slideshare.net/AmrataYadav/vehicle-parking

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 4.7.2 Off Street Parking 1. Multi-level Parking 

Multilevel or multi-storey parking are that which have multiple floors to park at.



The design of a multilevel parking garage can be very different.



The most common design is a garage with ramps to move from one level to another.



Less common are parking garages that use lifts to go from level to level.



Then there are also parking garages with mechanical systems that move cars from one level to another.



The floors of the parking garage can either go up, down or both.

Figure 4. 7 Multi-level Parking Source: https://www.canstockphoto.com/exterior-of-multi-levelpublic-car-31757391.html

2. Automated Parking 

You drive your car onto a platform in the garage.



Then the automated parking system will move your car to the available parking space somewhere in the tower.



The cars can be moved vertically and horizontally with the use of hydraulic or mechanical lifts.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 

There are several benefits to a multilevel parking facility with an automated parking system.

Figure 4. 8 Automated Parking System Source: https://swiss-park.com/products/automatic-parkingsystems

3. Basement Parking 

Basement parking has levels below the surface and none above ground.



The

basement

parking

are

built

in

the

residential

buildings for the parking of cars of the users. 

This parking is also built in commercial buildings.



Most often basement parking are located in city centers where there’s not much space available to build a parking facility, but there is a big need to build one.

Figure 4. 9 Basement Parking, Ranip Bus Terminal Source: Author

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 4.8 Multi-level Car Parking Multi-level parking is a method of parking cars on the vertical floors either by ramps or automatically parking and retrieving cars typically using a computerised system of pallets, lifts and carriers.

The automatically parking system is most suitable on expensive sites or where the land is very limited or too small for economic development with a ramp parking.

4.8.1 Types of Multi-Level Parking Many structural and functional types of automated mechanical systems exist, such as: 1. Underground systems as part of the building foundation.

Figure 4. 10 Basement Multi-Level Parking Source: https://architizer.com/projects/lammermarkt-parking-garage/

2. Above Grade where they can match neighbouring buildings in architectural appearance.

Figure 4. 11 Multi-Level Parking Source: http://www.secureparking.co.in/product_view?productId=73

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 4.8.2 Advantages & Disadvantages of Multi-level parking Advantages

Disadvantages

Increase capacity, high space

Cost.

utilization due to lower ceiling height, dense parking and reduce space width.

No ventilation or HVAC required;

Operation.

saving utility costs.

Eliminates stairs, elevators and

Maintenance.

fire exits.

Enhance safety and security.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 4.9 Case Studies 4.9.1 Live Study SOUTH SQUARE, MLCP, NEW DELHI 4.9.1.1 Introduction As part of DLF's infrastructure development initiatives, DLF, under the Public- Private- Partnership module with New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC), has developed Automated Multi Level Car Parking facility at Sarojini Nagar called South Square.

South Square was designed in such a way that it consists of car parking and shopping Complex.

This provides the separate use of car parking and the shopping complex by the local users and the parking is not only used by the building user but also by the surrounding users. This attempt made a new benchmark for the multi-level car parking.

4.9.1.2 Criteria for Selection of Site  South Square is one of the best examples of amalgamation of the multi-level parking facility and the shopping space, which makes the user use both the facilities. 

The structure facade is made of modern design.



The project is a good example for designing shopping complex with a multi-level car parking.

4.9.1.3 Location & Area  Location: Sarojini Nagar, New Delhi 

Total Area: 40750 Sq. Ft (3,785.80 Sq.m)



Total Built-Up Area: 2,20,364 Sq. Ft (20,472.50 Sq.m)



Parking Built-Up Area: 1,54,030 Sq. Ft (14,309.85 Sq.m)

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

Figure 4. 12 Google Plan

Figure 4. 13 Google Location Source: https://www.google.com/maps/place/DLF+S outh+Square/

Source: https://www.google.com/ma ps/place/DLF+South+Square/

4.9.1.4 Accessibility The site is accessible from the lane g from the Sarojini market the entry for car parking is accessed from the lane G and lane H but the car exit is only done on the lane H due to the pedestrian traffic on lane G. 

AIRPORT:

Indira Gandhi International Airport - 9.2 KM



RAILWAY STATION:

New Delhi Railway Station - 10.3 KM Old Delhi Railway Station - 16.7 KM



METRO STATION:

Sarojini Nagar - 0.21 KM



BUS STAND:

ISBT Kashmiri Gate - 15 KM

4.9.1.5 Climatic Analysis The climate of Delhi is an overlap between monsoon influenced humid subtropical and semi-arid, with high variation between summer and winter temperatures and precipitation.

Extreme temperatures have ranged from −2.2 °C to 48.4 °C.

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 4.9.1.6 Plans

Entry

Figure 4. 14 Entry Source: Author

Exit

Ground Floor Plan

Figure 4. 16 Front View Source: Author

BHOMARAM J. MISTRY (2014-2019)

Figure 4. 15 Exit Source: Author

Figure 4. 17 Main Road Front Entrance Source: Author

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BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

Figure 4. 18 Parking Lift Source: Author

Figure 4. 19 Exit Towards Back Side Road Source: Author

First Floor Plan

Figure 4. 22 Car Lift

Figure 4. 21 Entry to

Figure 4. 20 Entry from Road

Source: Author

Basement Source: Author

Source: Author

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Figure 4. 23 Chess Parking System Source: http://paricarparking.com/types_of_systems/chess_type_parking_system.php

Figure 4. 24 Car Lift Source:http://paricarparking.com/type s_of_systems/chess_type_parking_sys tem.php

Figure 4. 25 Car Lift Plate Source:http://paricarparking.com/types_of _systems/chess_type_parking_system.php

Technical Specification Car 

Length: 5000 mm



Width: 2100 mm



Height: 2000 mm



Weight: 2000 Kg

BHOMARAM J. MISTRY (2014-2019)

53 | P a g e

BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 4.9.1.7 Advantages & Disadvantages Advantages

Disadvantages

A fast parking process in which

Multi-Story Car Park on

the driver does not have to

Surrounding Residential Blocks

maneuver his car or drive

causes air and noise pollution

backwards, guarantees highest

caused by the motor vehicles.

comfort and security.

A single lift serves 6 to 12

Parking lots also tend to be

parking spaces per level taking

subject to contaminations with

up a min. of space.

concentrated spots of pollutants such as motor oil.

Time-saving vertical and

Virtually all the rain that falls

horizontal movements take place

becomes runoff. The parking

simultaneously ensuring fast

lots are built to effectively

parking and retrieval times.

channel and collect runoff.

Automatic multi-story parks

Traditionally, the runoff has

provide lower building cost per

been shunted directly into

parking slot, as they typically

storm sewers, streams, or

require less building volume and

even sanitary sewers. Many

less ground area than a

areas today also require

conventional facility with the

minimum landscaping in

same capacity.

parking lots.

Costs are usually lower too, for

This usually principally means

example there is no need for an

the planting of trees to

energy intensive ventilating

provide shade, but parking lot

system, since cars are not driven

providers have been long been

inside and human cashiers or

antagonistic to planting trees

security personnel may not be

because of the extra cost of

needed.

cleaning the parking lot.

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54 | P a g e

BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 4.9.1.8 Observations 

The parking system has been installed by PARI CAR PARKING.



The chess parking system is provided in this building which is fully controlled mechanically.



The car parking is managed from the basement from where the car is sent to the lift to be parked onto the floors.



All these controlling of car parking is done by the computers with any physical help of human.



No ramps are provided and no fire staircase is designed as there is no requirement of any user to travel on the top floor except the engineers.



This type parking is good for the small site area where the parking area requirement is high in demand.



There are 6 bays for car lift.

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55 | P a g e

BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, 2019 JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN List of Figures Figure 4. 1 Car Parking Standards ....................................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 2 Parking Standards ............................................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 3 Parking Standards ............................................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 4 Parking Standards ............................................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 5 Parallel Parking ..................................................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 6 30째, 45째, 60째, 90째 Parking ............................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 7 Multi-level Parking ............................................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 8 Automated Parking System ............................................................................. 2 Figure 4. 9 Basement Parking, Ranip Bus Terminal ...................................................... 2 Figure 4. 10 Basement Multi-Level Parking....................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 11 Multi-Level Parking ............................................................................................ 2 Figure 4. 12 Google Plan .......................................................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 13 Google Location .................................................................................................. 2 Figure 4. 14 Entry Source: Author........................................................................................ 2 Figure 4. 15 Exit Source: Author ........................................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 16 Front View ............................................................................................................. 2 Figure 4. 17 Main Road Front Entrance .............................................................................. 2 Figure 4. 18 Parking Lift ........................................................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 19 Exit Towards Back Side Road ........................................................................ 2 Figure 4. 20 Entry from Road ................................................................................................. 2 Figure 4. 21 Entry to Basement ............................................................................................. 2 Figure 4. 22 Car Lift.................................................................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 23 Chess Parking System...................................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 24 Car Lift.................................................................................................................... 2 Figure 4. 25 Car Lift Plate ........................................................................................................ 2

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56 | P a g e

3 M WIDE VOLVO A.C BAY F. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

TOWARDS BUS BAY

3 M WIDE DEL

TOWARDS BUS BAY

TOWARDS BUS BAY

UXE BAY 3 M WIDE DEL

UXE BAY

M. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

WAITING AREA 38.00 X 26.00 M 450 SEATING

SHOP 6.40 X 5.00 M

SHOP 6.40 X 5.00 M

DE

WI

DE LU XE B

AY

3M Y

3M

BA

WI

E UX

DE

L DE TOWARDS BUS BAY

WAITING AREA 25.00 X 20.40 M 211 SEATING

WAITING AREA 25.00 X 20.40 M 211 SEATING

E

DE

LIFT

E 3

Y

M

BA

W

XE

ID

LU

DE

LU

ID

XE

W

BA

M

Y

3

LIFT

LIFT LIFT

SHOP 6.30 X 5.00 M TICKET COUNTER 15.60 X 4.80 M

SHOP 9.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 7.30 X 5.00 M

MANAGER OFFICE 5.70 x 7.00 m

M. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

M. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

FOOD COURT 29.30 X 36.15 M

SHOP 6.30 X 6.80 M

SHOP 6.30 X 6.80 M

SA

AS

EP

ER

ID

NT

0W

OU

2.5

TC

KE

TIC

ACCOUNT OFFICE 6.80 x 6.30 m

GE

ADMIN OFFICE 6.80 x 6.30 m

SERVICE LIFTS TICKET COUNTER 15.60 X 4.80 M

IN-CHARGE OFFICE 6.80 x 6.30 m

ENTRY

EXIT SHOP 9.00 X 5.00 M

CLOAK ROOM 5.70 x 7.00 m

SHOP 6.30 X 6.80 M SHOP 8.30 X 5.00 M

F. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

RA

DO

WN

F. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

UP

RA

MP

MP

Sheet No.

:

2

Project Name :

BUS TERMINAL

Location

JODHPUR

:

DIRECTION

DATE : 08/05/2019 SCALE : N.T.S

SIGN

UNDERPASS TOWARDS RAIKA BAGH RAILWAY STATION

LIFT LIFT

LIFT LIFT

ELECTRICAL ROOM 19.00 X 15.00 M

H.V.A.C ROOM 19.00 X 15.00 M

FROM BASEMENT 2

TOWARDS BASEMENT 2

SERVICE LIFTS

A.H.U UNIT ROOM 13.00 X 13.70 M

CHILLER ROOM 13.00 X 13.70 M

DOWN

UP

Sheet No.

:

3

Project Name :

BUS TERMINAL

Location

JODHPUR

:

DIRECTION

DATE : 04/05/2019 SCALE : N.T.S

SIGN

LIFT LIFT

LIFT LIFT

FROM BASEMENT 1

TOWARDS BASEMENT 1

SERVICE LIFTS

Sheet No.

:

4

Project Name :

BUS TERMINAL

Location

JODHPUR

:

DIRECTION

DATE : 08/05/2019 SCALE : N.T.S

SIGN

F. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

M. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

RETAIL SHOWROOM 25.00 X 35.00 M

SHOP 12.50 X 8.50 M

SHOP 12.50 X 8.50 M

R

4M

IDO

WID

ORR

EC

ORR

EC WID

IDO R

4M

SHOP 5.00 X 8.50 M

SHOP 6.00 X 8.50 M SHOP 5.00 X 8.50 M SHOP 5.00 X 8.50 M SHOP 5.00 X 8.50 M SHOP 5.00 X 8.50 M SHOP 5.00 X 8.50 M SHOP 5.00 X 8.50 M SHOP 7.00 X 8.50 M LIFT LIFT

SHOP 7.00 X 8.50 M

LIFT LIFT

E

CO

ID

RR

W

ID

OR

4M OR

4M

ID

W

RR

ID

E

CO SHOP 6.30 X 8.50 M

SHOP 12.50 X 8.50 M SHOP 9.00 X 8.50 M

SHOP 8.30 X 8.50 M

M. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

M. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M 4 M WID

IDOR

E CORR

E CORR

4 M WID

DOMINOS 35.00 X 18.30 M

FOOD COURT 29.30 X 36.15 M

IDOR

SHOP 6.30 X 6.80 M

SHOP 9.00 X 8.50 M

SHOP 9.00 X 8.50 M SHOP 6.30 X 6.80 M FTS

PREP. AREA 6.80 X 19.00 M ICE LI

SHOP 15.00 X 5.00 M

SERV

SHOP 9.00 X 8.50 M SHOP 6.30 X 6.80 M

SHOP 8.30 X 8.50 M

F. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

F. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

Sheet No.

:

5

Project Name :

BUS TERMINAL

Location

JODHPUR

:

DIRECTION

DATE : 08/05/2019 SCALE : N.T.S

SIGN

F. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

M. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

RETAIL SHOWROOM 36.00 X 38.80 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

IDO R ORR

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

OR

4M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

RRID

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

WID EC

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

E CO WID

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 2.50 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

4M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 2.50 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M LIFT

LIFT SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 4.00 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

LIFT

LIFT

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 4.00 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 6.00 X 8.50 M

W

DO R

4M SHOP 4.50 X 6.20 M

E

CO RR I

ID

SHOP 4.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 9.00 X 8.50 M

4M

W

OR

ID

ID E

RR CO

4 M WID

E CORR

IDOR

E CORR

4 M WID

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

IDOR

SHOP 8.30 X 8.50 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 4.00 X 6.20 M

FOOD COURT 29.30 X 36.15 M

M. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

RESTAURANT 32.00 X 37.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

M. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

SHOP 4.00 X 6.20 M

SHOP SHOP SHOP SHOP SHOP SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M 3.00 X 5.00 M 3.00 X 5.00 M SHOP SHOP SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M 2.50 X 5.00 M 3.00 X 5.00 M 3.00 X 5.00 M 3.00 X 5.00 M 3.00 X 5.00 M

ICE LI

FTS

KITCHEN 6.80 X 19.00 M

SERV

SHOP 9.00 X 8.50 M

SHOP 8.30 X 8.50 M

F. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

F. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

Sheet No.

:

6

Project Name :

BUS TERMINAL

Location

JODHPUR

:

DIRECTION

DATE : 08/05/2019 SCALE : N.T.S

SIGN

F. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M CANTEEN 6.80 X 19.00 M

M. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

OFFICE 4.50 X 5.00 M

STORE 3.45 X 3.30 M

OFFICE 4.50 X 5.00 M

PANTRY 3.45 X 3.30 M

SITTING LOUNGE 11.00 X 9.00 M

F. DORMITORY 4.50 X 5.00 M

M. DORMITORY 4.50 X 5.00 M

RETAIL SHOP 12.80 X 11.30 M

RETAIL SHOP 12.80 X 11.30 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

IDO R ORR WID EC

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

OR

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

RRID

4M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

E CO WID

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

4M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 2.50 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

LIFT

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 2.50 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M LIFT

LIFT

LIFT

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 4.00 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

LIFT

LIFT

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 4.00 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

W

DO R

4M SHOP 4.50 X 6.20 M

E

CO RR I

ID

SHOP 4.50 X 6.20 M

4M

W

OR

ID

ID E

RR CO

MALE DORMITORY 24.00 X 12.20 M

4 M WID

E CORR

IDOR

E CORR

4 M WID

IDOR

SHOP 3.50 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 5.00 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 4.00 X 6.20 M

M. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

SHOP 3.50 X 5.00 M

M. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 3.80 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 5.00 M

GAME ZONE 35.00 X 35.00 M

SHOP 4.00 X 6.20 M

SHOP 3.50 X 5.00 M

LUGGAGE ROOM 6.80 X 9.50 M

SHOP 3.50 X 5.00 M SHOP 3.50 X 3.80 M

FEMALE DORMITORY 24.00 X 12.20 M

LIFT

SHOP SHOP SHOP SHOP SHOP SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M 3.00 X 5.00 M 3.00 X 5.00 M SHOP SHOP SHOP 3.00 X 5.00 M 2.50 X 5.00 M 3.00 X 5.00 M 3.00 X 5.00 M 3.00 X 5.00 M 3.00 X 5.00 M

LIFT

SERVICE LIFTS

BREAST FEEDING ROOM 6.80 X 9.50 M

F. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

F. TOILET 6.80 x 7.40 M

Sheet No.

:

7

Project Name :

BUS TERMINAL

Location

JODHPUR

:

DIRECTION

DATE : 08/05/2019 SCALE : N.T.S

SIGN

M. TOILET 9.00 X 4.85 M

F. TOILET 9.00 X 4.85 M

OFFICE 57.00 X 20.80 M

OFFICE 57.00 X 20.80 M

LIFT

LIFT

LIFT

LIFT

F. TOILET 9.00 X 4.85 M

M. TOILET 9.00 X 4.85 M

F. TOILET 9.00 X 4.85 M

M. TOILET 9.00 X 4.85 M

OFFICE 57.00 X 20.80 M

Sheet No.

:

8

Project Name :

BUS TERMINAL

Location

JODHPUR

:

DIRECTION

DATE : 08/05/2019 SCALE : N.T.S

SIGN

MUMTI LVL + 32.10 M PARAPET LVL + 30.40 M TERRACE LVL + 29.40 M

A

SEVENTH LVL + 25.80 M

SIXTH LVL + 22.20 M

FIFTH LVL + 18.60 M

FOURTH LVL + 15.00 M

THIRD LVL + 11.40 M

SECOND LVL + 7.80 M

A'

FIRST LVL + 4.20 M

PLINTH LVL + 0.60 M GROUND LVL ± 00 M

BASEMENT 1 LVL -3.60 M

BASEMENT 1 LVL -4.20 M

SECTION A-A'

MUMTI LVL + 32.10 M PARAPET LVL + 30.40 M TERRACE LVL + 29.40 M

SEVENTH LVL + 25.80 M

SIXTH LVL + 22.20 M

B'

FIFTH LVL + 18.60 M

FOURTH LVL + 15.00 M B

THIRD LVL + 11.40 M

SECOND LVL + 7.80 M

FIRST LVL + 4.20 M

PLINTH LVL + 0.60 M GROUND LVL ± 00 M

BASEMENT 1 LVL -3.60 M

BASEMENT 1 LVL -4.20 M

SECTION B-B'

Sheet No.

:

9

Project Name :

BUS TERMINAL

Location

JODHPUR

:

DIRECTION

DATE : 08/05/2019 SCALE : N.T.S

SIGN

List of Figures Figure 4. 1 Car Parking Standards ..................................................................................... 39 Figure 4. 2 Parking Standards ............................................................................................. 40 Figure 4. 3 Parking Standards ............................................................................................. 41 Figure 4. 4 Parking Standards ............................................................................................. 42 Figure 4. 5 Parallel Parking ................................................................................................... 43 Figure 4. 6 30°, 45°, 60°, 90° Parking ............................................................................. 44 Figure 4. 7 Multi-level Parking ............................................................................................. 45 Figure 4. 8 Automated Parking System ........................................................................... 46 Figure 4. 9 Basement Parking, Ranip Bus Terminal .................................................... 46 Figure 4. 10 Basement Multi-Level Parking ..................................................................... 47 Figure 4. 11 Multi-Level Parking .......................................................................................... 47 Figure 4. 12 Google Plan ........................................................................................................ 50 Figure 4. 13 Google Location ................................................................................................ 50 Figure 4. 14 Entry Source: Author ...................................................................................... 51 Figure 4. 15 Exit Source: Author ......................................................................................... 51 Figure 4. 16 Front View ........................................................................................................... 51 Figure 4. 17 Main Road Front Entrance ............................................................................ 51 Figure 4. 18 Parking Lift ......................................................................................................... 52 Figure 4. 19 Exit Towards Back Side Road ...................................................................... 52 Figure 4. 20 Entry from Road ............................................................................................... 52 Figure 4. 21 Entry to Basement ........................................................................................... 52 Figure 4. 22 Car Lift .................................................................................................................. 52 Figure 4. 23 Chess Parking System .................................................................................... 53 Figure 4. 24 Car Lift .................................................................................................................. 53 Figure 4. 25 Car Lift Plate ...................................................................................................... 53