Hindi Essay In Hindi Language

Indian Music

The music of India is one of the oldest unspoken musical traditions in the world. The basis of for Indian music is "sangeet." Sangeet is a combination of three art forms: vocal music, instrumental music (Indian music). Indian music is base upon seven modes (scales). It is probably no coincidence that Greek music is also base upon seven modes. Furthermore, the Indian scales follow the same process of modulation (murchana) that was found in ancient Greek music. Since Greece is also Indo–European, this is another piece of evidence for the Indo–European connection (Dance and music of India).

The vocal tradition is especially strong in Indian music. It is understood that the song is probably the most ancient form of...show more content... It is linked to the Sanskrit word "ranj" which means, "to colour" (Indian music). Therefore, rag may be thought of as an acoustic method of colouring the mind of the listener with an emotion. It is not a tune, melody, scale, mode, or any concept for which an English word exists. It is instead a combination of different characteristics. It is these characteristics, which define the rag. There must be the notes of the rag. They are called the swar (Indian music). There must also be a modal structure. This is called that in North Indian music and mela in carnatic music (Carnatic music). There is also the jati. Jati is the number of notes used in the rag. There must also be the ascending and descending structure. This is called arohana/avarohana. Another characteristic is that the various notes do not have the same level of significance. Some are important and others less so. The important notes are called vadi and samavadi (Indian music). There are often characteristic movements to the rag. This is called either pakad (Indian music).

The Indian rhythm is known as tal. Tal means "clap". The tabla (Indian drum instrument) has replaced the clap in the performance, but the term still reflects the origin. The basic concepts of tal are tali, Khali,vibhag, matra, bol, theka, lay, sam, and avartan. Tali are a pattern of clapping. In addition to the claps, there are also a number of

E.M. Forster's A Passage to India concerns the relations between the English and the native population of India during the colonial period in which Britain ruled India. The novel takes place primarily in Chandrapore, a city along the Ganges River notable only for the nearby Marabar caves. The main character of the novel is Dr. Aziz, a Moslem doctor in Chandrapore and widower. After he is summoned to the Civil Surgeon's home only to be promptly ignored, Aziz visits a local Islamic temple where he meets Mrs. Moore, an elderly British woman visiting her son, Mr. Heaslop, who is the City Magistrate. Although Aziz reprimands her for not taking her shoes off in the temple before realizing she has in fact observed this rule, the two soon find...show more content...

The Nawab Bahadur, an important local figure, agrees to take them. During the trip, the car swerves into a tree and Miss Derek, an Englishwoman passing by at the time, agrees to take them back to town. However, she snubs the Nawab Bahadur and his chauffeur. Adela speaks to Ronny, and tells him that she was foolish to say that they should not be married.

Both Aziz and Godbole fall sick after the party at Mr.Fielding's home, so Fielding visits Aziz and they discuss the state of politics in India. Aziz shows Fielding a picture of his wife, a significant event considering his Islamic background and an important demonstration of their friendship.

Aziz plans the expedition to the Marabar Caves, considering every minute detail because he does not wish to offend the English ladies. During the day when they are to embark. Mohammed Latif, a friend of Aziz, bribes Adela's servant, Antony, not to go on the expedition, for he serves as a spy for Ronny Heaslop. Although Aziz, Adela and Mrs. Moore arrive to the train station on time, Fielding and Godbole miss the train because of Godbole's morning prayers. Adela and Aziz discuss her marriage, and she fears she will become a narrow–minded Anglo–Indian such as the other wives of British officials. When they reach the caves, a distinct echo in one of them frightens Mrs. Moore, who decides she must leave immediately. The echo terrifies her, for it gives her the sense that the

I would like to present to you the country of India. A country one–third the area of the United States (total land mass is 2,973,190 sq. kilometers) borders China on the northeast, Pakistan on the west, Nepal and Blutan to the north, and Burma and Bangladesh to the east. It is divided into three categorical geographic regions: the Gangetic Plain, the plateau region in the south, the Himalayan region in the north, which contains some of the highest mountains in the world and a central part. India has a population of 1,027,015,247 than speaks a whopping seventeen different languages. India has several religions but six major religions are Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jinism....show more content... An estimated 750 million people live on the areas around the Himalaya rivers, which includes Bangladesh. Vegetation across the range varies with climate and altitude. The lower regions show a forest that contains shrubery, plants, and trees that tend to fall off due to winter seasons. In the higher region of the Himalaya's lies a vegetation area that consisted of temperate forests, conifers, and tundra. The Himalaya's are topped off with the snow–line in which whatever lies above is covered in snow year round. Also on the eastern side evergreen rainforests can be sighted. The Himalaya's have a profound impact on the climate especially to the Tibetan plateau and Indian subcontinent. It prevents "frigid, dry Arctic winds from blowing south into the subcontinent, which keeps South Asia much warmer than corresponding temperate regions in the other continents. It also forms a barrier for the monsoon winds, keeping them from traveling northwards, and causing heavy rainfall in the Terai region"(Himalaya). An example of the impact the mountain range gives to the population is that is a natural barrier to the movement of people for a long time. It has prevented people from China and Mongolia to meet those from the Indian subcontinent and "caused a significant difference in languages and customs between these regions. The Himalaya has also hindered trade routes and prevented military expeditions across its expanse"(Himalaya).

The Indian Culture Essay examples

A culture where guests are treated as gods, family members live under the same household until death, and have the belief that gods and spirits play the significant role in determining their life all refer to the same topic, the Indian culture; a rich and diverse culture which is very unique in many ways. This culture includes the qualities of various other cultures and it results into a modern and acceptable tradition. Respecting elders, honouring heroes, cherishing love, and following traditions make up the major components of the Indian culture and its followers. Many people believe that this particular culture has a great impact on their everyday lives and are proud to be included in the significant customs. In the novel, Clear Light...show more content...

When her parents died, they left her with a burden of responsibilities that involved raising the children and taking on the role of a mother. Bim is left to take care of her smallest and mentally challenged brother, Baba. When Baba was younger, the parents would constantly go to clubs and out for drinks, leaving the responsibility of raising the unfortunate child to Bim. The two siblings established a special bond with each other and trusted each other more and more each day. When the second oldest child, Raja fell ill because of tuberculosis, Bim was accountable of helping him regain back his normal health. Upon these responsibilities was a very important one, Bim had to earn money for the family and she knew that it involved educating herself to become a teacher, a job that was seemed appropriate for women.

"For all father cared, I could have grown up illiterate and cooked for my living, or swept. So I had to teach myself history, and teach myself to teach." (155)

Since men of the house are the providers to the family, their death can have a huge impact on the family. This terrible incident challenged Bim and the rest of the family members to live their life without coming to a point of bankruptcy. Bim's responsibility increased when her sister, Tara married and moved out of the house, leaving Bim with the burden of taking care of her brothers' needs, daily chores, and paying for the rents and groceries. Responsibility can affect us and our lives Get

Language Policy in India Essay

McGill Poli 322 Final Paper

A Game Theoretic Explanation of Indian Language Policy Outcome

"India has been a crucible for the drama of language conflict" (Laitin, 415). Exploring language policy in India is both a complex and interesting task. Contrary to other empires that went through state consolidation, it is clear that India is quite the linguistic mosaic (Laitin, 415). Not only is there no single language for official exchange, but citizens of India have developed complex language repertoires in order to interact with servants, family, merchants, colleagues and officials. Language needs are so onerous that many parents with sufficient resources seek to equip their children with different repertoires in order to hedge their...show more content...

In comparison to the European state–building that had occurred which involved "conflicts among cultural groups for supremacy", the Indian empire was characterized by "cultural syncretism that included a doctrine of non–antagonistic strata whose laws and customs preceded the state and were protected by the good King" (Laitin, 421). To combat this explanation it is important to look at the fact that rationalization of language is both a European and an Asian phenomenon. This can be seen through the examples of Japan, Thailand and China (Zamen, 1984). Further, "the attempts by Congress elites to bring about an all Hindi–speaking Union, and the attempt by State governments within India to bring about language rationalization within state boundaries" makes it apparent that the positive impacts of language rationalization for Congress in India were looked at in the same way as other state builders in other states worldwide (Laitin, 421). Moreover, those who see logically the existence of language rationalization are often opponents of Hindi. This can be seen through many Indians who actually stress that there are advantages to having English as the language of common administration. Another significant impact can be seen in states such as

Hinduism Hindutva is a popular concept in India that represents Hindu ideology and promotes the hegemony of Hinduism in government, even at the expense of others. Directly translated as "Hinduness", Hindutva was established as an official term made up by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in 1923 (Falak). Opponents of Hindutva suggest that it is greatly similar to fascism in the sense that it oppresses the beliefs and liberties of minority groups. On the other hand, the Sanatan Sanstha was founded by Jayant Balaji Athavale in 1990 and arranged the "Hindu Awakening" conferences about unification for the sake of improving India (Falak). However, Sanatan Sanstha activists have been caught in the process of trying to bomb Indian cities. Many Hindu political groups contradict their own peaceful words with violent actions, which is simply deceptive. ...show more content...

The caste system, often highly regarded by the elite of Hinduism, consists of four main divisions (Lee). There are Brahmins, the highest caste of priests and scholars; Kshatriyas, warriors and kings; Vaishyas, merchants and landowners; and Shudras, servants and peasants. Technically, there is a fifth category of social status, formerly known as the Untouchables, called Dalits. According to academic scholars like Dr. Ram Puniyani, Hindutva mainly represents the response of higher caste Hindus to the uprising of the lower castes; additionally, it is the primary cause of Saffron terrorism in India and Nepal (Falak). Divisive politics are progressively isolating classes from empathy which is counterproductive when attempting to create peace for all people since it condones violence against the lower castes. These inequalities are also apparent beyond the realm of socioeconomic struggles and cause discriminatory violence in the name of

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Bollywood movies are very popular for the "Romance" portrayed in their plot. Romance in Bollywood has evolved throughout the ages. But the one thing, that has remained constant are the unofficial and official ban on any depiction that may suggest something which is not a part of the "Indian" culture. Westernization was always shown as something negative and alien. Let's have a closer look at how Hindi cinema deals with this censorship code that has been set up. Bollywood adopted a new way to recreate the same passion that usually a 'kiss' would generate; they substitute these by song and dance routines. Songs are basically a description of the passionate seen with no suggestive visual imagery to aid it. It's left to the audiences'...show more content...

For example in Shree 420(1950), Maya the female antagonist is shown as rich, westernized women, with no moral values. She is shown to wear explicitly revealing clothes and have short hair. She drinks alcohol and also smokes. Flirting with men and dancing while inappropriately clad around them, are also the other negative qualities she embodies. However, Vidya is the female protagonist who is completely the opposite, she's traditional and educated. Responsibilities that she holds are looking after her disabled father and running a school. Her hair is long and she is always traditionally dressed in saris. The contrasting visual imagery of Vidya and Maya lets the audience make a judgment of who portrays the negative character quite clearly. Do not fail to notice that this outward depiction of good and bad is only in terms of the women. Raj the male lead of the movie Shree 420, goes through a phase of corruption and greed, however, he is ultimately forgiven and given the benefit of the doubt. This leads me to my next point about how 'Women" are sacrificed in movies just to pass out a social message. The message clearly states that any act which is not "culturally accepted" will have bad consequences. In the movie Kati Patang, you are taken through the story of Madhavi, who runs away to be with her lover on the day of her wedding. From that very moment, she encounters a series of unfortunate events. A secondary character from Get more content

There are a few things that should be known about India before business is conducted there. The social and cultural standards are one thing that's different. There are also differences in the political and legal systems, economical systems, and managerial systems. Some of the differences are obvious, while others are qualities that a representative or individual should be aware of before conducting business in the area.

Social–Cultural

In India, the polite culture makes it nearly impossible for individuals to say 'no'. It's best not to pressure an Indian partner or consumer because it's rude in the culture to express disapproval but it can be assumed through body language and vaguely detailed responses. When greeting associates and...show more content...

When being introduced, it is best to be introduced through a third party because it increases credibility since Indians like to do business with those that they know. During business meetings, it is possible that business not even be discussed at the first meeting. It is also customary for business cards to be exchanged on initial handshake. When addressing Indians, if there is a proper title, then it should be used because they are highly revered (Neil).

Political–Legal Systems

India has a parliamentary government, just like the United States, so it operates under a president. India also has a supreme court and high courts in its judicial system. The unions in the area are administered by the president, through an administrator appointed to him ("Political Structure"). The legal system in India was based off of English law and includes limited judicial reviews of legislative acts. The constitution encompasses equal rights for the people and prohibits discrimination of any kind. The Indian constitution is one of the largest in the world and includes as many aspects as possible to ensure fair and equal treatment within the view of the government (Dayanand). Some down sides to the business in India is that there is a risk because the country is a generally domesticated country. Government authorization is also required to lay off workers and property disputes are common. In the areas out of view, the law enforcement is weak and corrupt.

Religion in India

What is religion? Religion has always played an important role in man's existence. It is hard to define religion because every person has, his or her own way of defining religion. For some of us it might be a way of life, which determines what they ear, who their friends are, and it also makes up what culture they follow from day to day. For others, religion simply means going to church or temple and seeing religious festivals. India is the land of culture. This country is very rich of culture and religion, and this is the backbone of the social structure. India's fight for religion has been going on for decades, from the mogul empire to the British and now to the present day with Pakistan. In this day and age,...show more content...

In Brahma there is no sense of individuality, but only pure being, consciousness, and bliss. Sacrifices are also a big part of Hinduism. And it is practiced religiously in India. The most common type of sacrifices comes with plant life and the melting of butter. Although animals are also sacrifices, but this is doe very rarely, because such as the cow and the monkey are closely knit with the religion. Worship or also known as "puja" in India is done by prayer which includes singing and dancing to the gods. Worship was termed as praying to several different gods, but only two gods are looked at as dominant figures such as Lord Vishnu and Lord Siva. There are a lot of places that show the cultural practices of Hinduism, but the most important place is the Temples. Temples, which are built from solid rock, and are covered with hand carved artwork that define the Indian religion. A lot of them tell a story of an event that took place during the time when it was built. Most temples are covered with the images of the gods they were built for. Although Hinduism has a vast array of gods and cultures, most of them practice Hinduism the same way.

"Buddhism has been known to its followers as both a teaching and a way of deliverance." It is questioned as to weather or not Buddhism is a religion. But instead people look at Buddhism as a type of discipline. Gautama Buddha founded Buddhism, which was a Get

Think of India and one of the first things that come to mind is its diversity. A large populous country divided into many states; each with its own unique traditions and gastronomic fare. Indian cooking is one of the most popular cuisines across the globe. Not only is it popular among the large Indian diaspora but also among the mainstream population of North America and Europe. For the uninitiated, Indian food may seem foreign, scary, spicy and not for the faint of heart. This paper aims to explore many of the facets that make upIndian cuisine and hopefully allay any misconceptions or fears that may exist. The chapters are categorized under the following sections: 1. The Evolution of Indian Cooking 2. Geographical...show more content...

Northern India North Indian cuisine is distinguished by a proportionally high use of dairy products. The tawa, or griddle, is used extensively for baking flat breads like roti and paratha. A tandoor oven is also frequently used to cook main courses like chicken. Goat and lamb are favored ingredients of many northern Indian recipes. The samosa, a common appetizer on all Indian restaurant menus, has its roots in northern India. The staple food of most of north Indians are a variety of lentils, vegetables, and roti. Common north Indian foods such as kebabs and meat dishes originated with the Muslim incursions into the country. The influence of Europeans is also apparent with the creation of new dishes like chicken tikka masala which is actually a British invention during colonial times.

Eastern India

In the eastern part of India there is a large Oriental influence resulting from an influx of movement from Tibet and Nepal. All of these influences helped form the dietary customs in eastern India. Popular food is this region is a unique blend of vegetarian meals prepared in the traditional Chinese cooking style. Rice and fish are the staple foods because most of the towns and fishing villages are located on the coast.

Southern India

Southern Indian cuisine is distinguished by a greater emphasis on rice and the liberal use of coconut, coconut oil and curry leaves. Before Christianity came to India in the early 52 AD, Kerala was strictly vegetarian as

Indian Cuisine