Passage To The Golden Horn

PASSAGE TO THE GOLDEN HORN

Redesigning a former warehouse site into a homely port house celebrating the Turkish ‘culture of water’ along and beyond the waterfront of the 6 century-old Haliç Shipyard in Istanbul from the perspective of multiplicity and contested legacy.

by Bengüsu Cebeci

Passage To The Golden Horn Master Dissertation Project Academic year 2020-21 Author: Bengüsu Cebeci

Design Studio MAIG42: arCsus in collaboration with RAAAF Engagement: Contested Legacy Academic Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Arch. Marc Dujardin “Hardcore Heritage represents a new way of thinking about monuments and cultural heritage.

Through deliberate destruction, radical changes in context, and seemingly contradictory additions, a new field of tension arises between present, past and future.” (RAAAF) Master of Science in Architecture KU Leuven, Faculty of Architecture Campus Sint-Lucas Ghent 2021

All rights reserved under International Copyright Conventions.

No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photo-copying, recording or by any information storage retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher or specific copyright owners. Work and publication made during the course of a personal master dissertation project.

Thank you to my teacher Prof. Marc Dujardin for his persistent passion to teach and assist his students and for always pushing me to further.

Endless thanks to my parents who always believed in me and supported me in everything I do in life.

Without them, none of what I did would be possible.

10.06.2021, Gent, Belgium

“I ruled that the vehicle called the ferry was a civilization thing that removes strangeness and distance between people who do not know each other in a place called the city.”

Ilhami Algör, Ikircikli Biricik

Table of Contents Abstract

Chapter I. RESEARCH & MAPPINGS Urban Context Istanbul: A City Shaped Around A Unique Water Geography....................................12 Industry in Ottoman & Early Republican Era..............................................................16 The Site The Past & Today of Haliç Shipyard(s)........................................................................20 Haliç Shipyard: A Public Legacy In Danger of Privatization.......................................26 Spatial Characteristics of the Haliç Shipyard..............................................................32 Spatio-Cultural Context Haliç Shipyard Border As An Urban Seperator...........................................................34 Dialogues: Impermeability of The Shipyard Periphery................................................36 Context Dialogues: Change in Coastal Publicity Along The Golden Horn.................40 Coastal Typologies Around the Haliç Shipyard...........................42 Socio-Cultural Context A Culture Built Around The City & Daily Life Practices...............................................46 Water Culture in Istanbul: From Sea Hammams To Republic Beaches......................48 Research & Mappings-Outcomes...............................................................................53

Chapter II. ARCHITECTURAL PROPOSAL Defining the Approach: Sneaking into the Shipyard...................................................58 Existing Situation of The Warehouse Building.......................60 Strategies in The Master Plan...............................................62 Using the Old Warehouse of The Shipyard...........................64 Spatial Uses & The Plan..............................................................................................66 Exploded Diagram.......................................................................................................72 Formation Diagrams & The Relationship With The Shipyard......................................76 Section: Spatial Relations............................................................................................88 Behaviorology of The Building....................................................................................90 Perspective Renderings..............................................................................................98 Model Photographs...................................................................................................114 Architectural Approach-Outcomes & Thoughts........................................................121 Additional Notes: Harmony of Two Different Projects................................................124 Bibliography...............................................................................................................126

Abstract

Abstract This reflection paper has been written as a result of a ‘Research

by Design’ process and is dealing with a contested legacy, “Halic Shipyard” in Istanbul, Turkey. The Golden Horn where the shipyard is located has a great industrial past and consisting the historical peninsula which is the oldest urban part of the city and numerous industrial heritage along the coastline. Today due to the privatization of these legacies and the wrong urban poşlicies the coastline is unorganized and hard to access by the public. These disturbances cause the shipyard to be forgotten and getting idle. This project tries to re-introduce the coastal publicity and the shipyard to the Istanbulites by bringing back the past’s ‘Culture of Water’.

Research &

CHAPTER I.

& Mappings & Mappings

Old Map of Istanbul, clearly showing the Bosphorus & the Go

Image 1. Locarion of Istanbul, Turkey graphic made by the author.

olden Horn (Leibniz-Institut für Länderkunde, Leipzig, 1800). 1

11

Istanbul: A City Shaped Around A Unique Water Geography

Image 2. Water geographies of Istanbul graphic made by the author.

Throughout history, Istanbul, formerly Constantinople, ancient Byzantium, was always a popular location desired by most empires. Being the only land connector of Asia and Europe in a country surrounded by four different seas(Marmara, Black, Mediterranean, Aegean Seas) made Istanbul an important international port city and the heart of Turkish industry. Today, it is the most populated city in Turkey & one of the most crowded cities in the world(2021 population: 15,415,197, worldpopulationreview.com). This ancient city has dynamic and dense urban typologies & activities with diverse cultural cross-overs because of its great past.

Istanbul has a 7-hills urban landscape, and 6 of these hills are located on the historical peninsula of the Golden Horn.

This unique geography of Istanbul made Constantinople known as the new Rome of Byzantium. In the Ottoman and Byzantine periods, the city developed along the shores of the Golden Horn, thorough it became the most significant part of the city, which contains numerous cultural heritage, daily life practices, and culture. The Golden Horn seperates the old city (the historical peninsula) and the new city(Beyoglu District) and creates an urban tension field between different activities and the users of both spaces.

12

Sébah & Joaillier. Vue Panor

Urban Context

ramique De Constantinople Et De La Corne D’Or, Neg. No. 31, 1884-1900, Undated (1884). Web.2

13

Image 3. Collage from old Istanbul pho

otos made by the author.

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Industry in Ottoman & Early Republican Era After Istanbul started to grow towards the coastline from behind the historic Byzantine city walls; the Golden Horn in Ottoman and Early Republican Era has been home to many industries and always considered as a center of production and a resting place for the sailors.

In Ottoman times, the Imperial Shipyards were the most significant indicator of the Empire’s power over the Mediterranean waters. To preserve this power, the shipyards were advanced with the latest technology of its time to be able to preserve high-quality production over the years. Due to its importance for the Ottoman Army, the Imperial Shipyards in the Golden Horn attracted new factories to be built around the region with the urgency of keeping up with the latest developments and technologies in the global industry.

Moreover, The Golden Horn’s water was used for cooling and energy-production in these 1st wave industries. Another reason why the coastline has been chosen by these industries is, for many factories, it was more effortless to transport material through the water instead of the land.

Sébah & Joaillier. Vue Des Ponts Et Du Port, N

(General View of Kasımpaşsa, Balat, Fener, Yavuz

16

Urban Context As Haliç Shipyards and the other major industries attracted their subsidiary industries to the area (for example Feshane (Naval Army Clothes), Iplikhane (Yarn Factory), and Lengerhane(Anchor Factory) have been established for the shipyard industry); the Golden Horn coasts became a paramount for commercial & productive activities of the city by accommodating numerous small ateliers and shops opened through the years.

Today, the coastline of the Golden Horn consists of a lot of important industrial heritage, old historic buildings & monuments, and Unesco protected neighborhoods (which were created because of the industry). When looking from the Haliç Shipyards through the Taksim Square there are a lot of important cultural places which are modernized into the museums and cultural centers. For example, the Ottoman Bank to Salt Galata Museum and the Pera region which has the famous Pera Museum & Pera Palace (where important people of the era who were visiting Istanbul have stayed). The proximity of these areas to the Istanbul shipyard, which used to be the favorite of the city, does not go unnoticed.

Neg. No. 47, 1884-1900, Undated (1884). Web.4

zselim and the Golden Horn / 19th Century, n.d.).3

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Image 4. Map showing the important industrial heritage of the Golden Horn made by the author Collection digital maps. Imaging the Urban

r. Base Map: Guédik-Pacha. (1922). Plan d’ensemble de la ville d Constantinople (Harvard Map n Environment). Stamboul: Guédik-Pacha.5 19

The Past & Today of The Imperial Shipyards / Haliç Shipyard(s)

Black & White Image: View of Haliç Shipyard Tofay P Colored Inner Image: MELLING, Antoine Ignace. Voyage pittoresque de Constan

The Site: Haliç Shipyard

Photo Credit: Istanbul Municipality, Konkur Istanbul.6 ntinople et des rives du Bosphore, Paris, Treuttel et Würtz, MDCCCXIX [=1819].7 21

Image 5. showing the border of Haliç Shipyard Map of Istanbul and its surroundings: MELLING, Antoine Ignace. Voyage pittoresque de

The Site: Haliç Shipyard

ds / The Imperial Shipyards / Tersane-i Amire.

Constantinople et des rives du Bosphore, Paris, Treuttel et Würtz, MDCCCXIX [=1819].8

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The Past & Today of The Haliç Shipyard(s)

From Yavuzselim Haliç Shipyards Region (Camialti & Taskizak), Sébah&Joaillier (possibly), n.d.).9

Haliç Shipyards, originally named Tersane-i Amire was founded in 1455 by the order of Ottoman Sultan Fatih Sultan Mehmet, the conquerer of Istanbul. Originally, the complex was containing three shiyards a.k.a. The Imperial Shipyards which are Camialti, Taskizak & Haliç. The importance of the Haliç Shipyards goes along with the history of the region. The Golden Horn with is quality of being an inner estuary connected to Bosphorus, the bridge in between the Europe and Asia, has always been considered as resting nest, an international stop for the seaman even before the Byzantine times. Therefore, marine activity was always been an integral part of the identity of the Golden Horn.

In the Ottoman period, Haliç Shipyards were the heart of the industry and considered as the silicon valley of the period through producing and distributing the most essential materials of the era to the world such as oil lamps, salt, coal. They were always deemed important by the sultans of the Ottoman and upgraded and developed throughout the years to keep up the technology of the Shipyards with the latest standards around the Globe. The first university of the region, Muhandishane-i Bahri Humayun (today it is part of the Istanbul Technical University) was established in 1773 as a technical schoool to educate the people of the shipyard. Under favor of these investments, the first floating dock in 1827, the first steam ship in 1827, and the first submarine ships called Abdülhamid and Abdülmecid in 1886 were built in Taskizak Shipyard.

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The Site: Haliç Shipyard

Kasimpasa(Haliç) Shipyard (Sébah & Joaillier, n.d.).10

The production in Haliç Shipyards, contributed enormusly to the economy of the region, providing many job opportunities. Over the years, a lot of subsidiary and other industries founded along the coastline of the Golden Horn and the neighborhoods like Kasimpasa(Bedrettin), Sütlüce and Haliç developed with this livelihood of commerce and created a strong link with the Shipyard.

After the proclamation of the republic, there has been a flux of people from thre rural regions to the cities with hopes to find jobs in the developing industry. Most of those migrants were unskilled blue-collars. In need of cheap housing, these people made their own “gecekondu(literally meaning built over-night)” houses right in the city center where the industry was located. The urban fabric changed drastically with this laissez faire attitude of the government. In time middle&upper classes left those areas followed by the wealthy minorities of the era with the new high residential/garden house alternatives popping up around the city periphery.

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Haliç Shipyard: A Public Legacy In Danger of Privatization

Over time, the industry-focused economy in Turkey gave way to the construction-focused economy, and today, the government is trying to attract the middle and upper classes back to the city center at the cost of gentrifying and displacing the indigenous inhabitants of the historical neighborhoods around the Golden Horn by encouraging rent-oriented expensive investments.

A page from the Tersane Istanbul brochure, 201911

Unfortunately today, Camialtı & Taskizak is privatized and under construction to become a luxury complex containing hotels, shopping malls, congress halls, expensive residences, yacht marinas, etc. The privatization process started in 1993 but didn’t result immediately. Some parts of the shipyard got closed at the beginning of the century and up until today it has been inerted and abandoned with campaigns against the shipyards. For example, it has been claimed that the shipyards were polluting the sea; however, in reality, the rapid urbanization was playing the major role behind the water pollution.) The tender for the Camialti & Taskizak shipyards has been completed in 2013 under the project name “Haliçport”. Due to controversies of the public opinion, it has been canceled, although later on it was marketed again with a new name, “Tersane(meaning shipyard in Turkish) Istanbul” and commercial identity which supposedly was more respectful to the legacy of the shipyards. In the brochure of the project above the text claims that the project will be “a worldwide exemplary project that preserves and develops sustainable cultural heritage following the universal principles of UNESCO, and combines the past and the present with the right architectural design and practices.”

Surprisingly(!), none of the documents of the Tersane Istanbul project, which claims to make this great contribution to the public and culture, are open to the public, and the project is trying to be brought to a fait accompli by progressing rapidly likewise its preceding like-minded project; “Galataport” which is a cruise terminal around Karaköy.

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The Site: Haliç Shipyard

Drydock no.3 historic wall

Drydock no.3 Wood Atelier

Drydock no.2 historic wall

Historic Entrance Door

Drydock no.1 historic wall

25 ton crane

Drydock no.1 Entrance Today

5 ton crane 3 ton crane Sled no.1

Drydock no.2

Security Cabin Machine Atelier

Sled no.2

Construction Atelier

7 ton crane

Buildings worth preserving as cultural heritage: Other buildings:

Squaremeters of registered & other buildings in Haliç Shipyard edited by the author base map & calculations credits: Tersane Istanbul Project.11

In 2018, linked with Tersane Istanbul projected, as another victim for privatization the Haliç Shipyard re-thought and planned as a science center. In the map above we see that the buildings in the Shipyard complex have been seen as square meters that can be re-projected.

Upon the election of the new mayor of Istanbul in 2019, Ekrem Imamoglu, the science center project was canceled thanks to the public will and common sense, and the disempowered production in the shipyard has been reinforced with the efforts and projects of the newly appointed City Lines General Manager. To prevent the privatization of the shipyard, re-introducing the legacy of the Haliç Shipyard to the people has been intended through an idea of designing a maritime museum and opening some part (purple area marked on the map) of the shipyard to the public and in the meantime, keeping the shipyard to provide maintenance and repair services and new construction of the city ferries.

Amidst these brutal city crimes, Haliç Shipyard is still operating as the oldest living shipyard in the world and is an important heritage worth to be protected as it is righteously because of this fact.

The Haliç Shipyard has a great potential to revive the public coastal culture of the area by creating a common ground for the different groups in the society if its identity of being an integral part of the Golden Horn’s heritage may be reminded to the people once again.

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Image 6. Planned projects around the Haliç Shipyard, map made by tha author Registered buildings around the region shown in blue.

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The Site: Haliç Shipyard

In the left image, planned projects around the Haliç Shipyard have been shown with the registered structures around the region. The intentions and characteristics of these three projects are very different so their relationship with the publicness too. While Tersane Istanbul is a highly privatized, intense programmatic residential/ commerce area, the coastal renovation project around Persembe Pazari is aiming to create nice open green leisure areas for the public.

On the other hand, the museum project in the shipyard area has a desire to make the shipyard a place of attraction for Istanbulites once again and to strengthen the city’s relationship with the sea. Nevertheless, in a region with so much social diversity, the museum program’s ability to bring together and integrate all segments of society; while doing this, its power to create a sense of belonging to the shipyard is doubtful.

Moreover, as mentioned in the previous sections, since these cultural heritages in the Golden Horn are parts of a whole, the planned projects should also consider the behaviorology of the whole region with a more holistic approach.

In this project, I have chosen to work on the area marked as blue on the map out for several reasons. First of all, as specified there is already a plan to make that part of the shipyard public. Secondly, the entrance of the shipyard is from there and the land elevation reaches sea level at that point. Third, the proximity to the public transportation points(like Sishane Metro Station). Last and foremost, it is the most suitable space to create a transitional space between the shipyard and the public space, given that it can be difficult to create high public activity with operations in other parts of the shipyard, which includes the construction and machine ateliers.

The area I chose to work on has been shown with this mark on the maps in the next pages as well.

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Image 7. Registered historical buildings & structures in Haliç Shipyard made by the author with Google Earth aerial view, Information: Haliç Dayanismasi (Haliç Solidarity).

30

Image 8. 3D view of the registered historical buildings & structures in Haliç Shipyard made by the author Information: Haliç Dayanismasi (Haliç Solidarity).

Note: Some structures are not shown in the 3D image due to lack of information at the time it has been created, although it shows all the important historical buildings.

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Spatial Characteristics of the Haliç Shipyard When looking at the two sections of the shipyard we can see the tensions rise between a couple of opposed elements which are also the most important characteristics of the site like; Dry – Wet High – Low Open – Enclosed Horizontal – Vertical

Image 9. Section of the Haliç Shipyard, drawing credits: K

Image 10. Section of the Haliç Shipyard, drawing credits: K

32

The Site: Haliç Shipyard Even though these elements are acting as seperators between the space and the people. These spatial qualities should be honored in the design to carry the spirit of the place to the future.

Konkur Istanbuşl, Istanbul Municipality, edited by the author.6

Konkur Istanbuşl, Istanbul Municipality, edited by the author. 6

33

Haliç Shipyard Border As An Urban Seperator

Image 11. Map of mobility, important places and the focus areas made by the author.

34

The Spatio-Cultural Context

Image 12. Drone photo showing the Halic Shipyard, Atatürk Bridge and Perşsembe Pazari photo credit: Istanbul Municipality, edited by the author.6

In the drone photo above, we see extreme elevation differences in the topography resulting in an impermeable coastal area. The cycling and pedestrian routes(highlighted) coming from the Persembe Pazari area are suddenly cut off by Atatürk(Unkapani) Bridge and cannot continue because of the existence of the shipyards. Moreover, the large road and following the walled borders of the shipyard sets an invisible curtain between the city and the Haliç Shipyard. All of these disturbances causes the shipyard area to become idle and act as an urban void in Istanbulites minds.

Besides its importance as a heritage building, its place in the city memory and the location has great affordances to once again attract novelties around the site again. Thus, the vacancy in Haliç Shipyard could be turned into a public gathering point / a mediator between people and cultures, a transferium between these old and new layers by using the past’s culture and the existing daily life habits.

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Dialogues: Impermeability of The Shipyard Periphery Impermeability was my first observation of the site when I visited it. I mapped my walk with photographs trying to get a glance of what is going on inside throughout the periphery of the Shipyard. The walk was a huge struggle and not pleasant since the pedestrian routes are disconnected because of the high traffic car roads and the Atatürk Bridge.

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Dialogues: Impermeability of The Shipyard Periphery

39

Context Dialogues: Change in Coastal Publicity Along The Golden Horn

Image 12. Disturbances in urban publicity & walkability, map made by the author.

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The Spatio-Cultural Context

Image 13. Intervention to improve the public flow, map made by the author.

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Context Dialogues: Coastal Typologies Around the Haliç Shipyard INDUSTRY & HERITAGE

Istanbulites relationship with the water has shaped the coastli Today, with all the good and bad, it is a colorful mosaic, an un

Thanks to its rooted industrial past, The Golden Horn today, has countless heritage buildings and places which the majority are transferred into social/ event spaces but some are facing the danger of privatization.

PRIVATE & FORMAL AREAS & ELEVATION DIFFERENCES

A lot of places on the coastline are not accessible to the public either because they are formal/military areas or former industries privatized with a rent-oriented mindset.

HALIÇ SHIPYARD

Image 14. Map of different levels of publicness

Even though most of the industry has been transferred to the outskirts of the city, Haliç Shipyard is still operating, and with this diversity created by the togetherness of industry and the heritage, coastline gains its identity with multiple attraction points.

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The Spatio-Cultural Context BRIDGES AS PUBLIC SPACES

ine typologies over the years. nbreakable knot in urban culture.

Bridges of The Golden Horn are not only acting as urban connectors but also are extensions of street life. Fishermen of Atatürk Bridge and thousands of people on Galata Bridge visiting every day give a good clue of that.

DISUNITED & UNORGANIZED COASTLINE

Privatization and disorganization of the coastline causes a distrupted experience and makes it hard for people to understand and live the soul of the Golden Horn. Therefore, legacies like Haliç Shipyard being forgotton.

FERRY STATIONS & LIVELY SPOTS

s made by the author. Base map: maps.stamen.

The coastal life acts as an extension of the daily street life in the city and being on and around the sea means pausing and breathing for a moment.

Credit of the all photos in the page: Istanbul Municipality, edited by the author.6 43

Image 15. Coastal culture of the Gold

“A ship is like a country...”

On Board (Gemide)

den Horn, collage made by the author.

45

A Culture Built Around The City & Daily Life Practices

Image 16. Map of historical neighborhoods & the building functions made by the author.

46

Socio-Cultural Context

Image 17. Coastal Behaviorology, photographs taken by the author “To be able to see the Bosphorus, even from afar— for Istanbullus this is a matter of spiritual import that may explain why windows looking out onto the sea are like the mihrabs in mosques, the altars in Christian churches, and the tevans in synagogues, and why all the chairs, sofas, and dining tables in our Bosphorus-facing sitting rooms are arranged to face the view.”

-Orhan Pamuk, Istanbul: Memories and the City

Being a port city that connects two continents with unique geography, Istanbul has been home to many cultures and ethnicities throughout history. While the historical buildings, places, monuments, streets, etc. which are the public gathering points, have a place in the collective memory, there is also another layer of spatial-cultural memory that has been evolving with the topography and nature.

The inevitable link between these two layers together creates the daily habits of people in Istanbul. The city creates its own charm with

these bonds established with the sense of belonging of Istanbulites to their city. For instance, a trip by ferry is a heart-warming activity that reminds one of that mellow summer day in Istanbul’s islands and melts the borders with strangers.

The coastal life acts as an extension of the daily street life in the city and being on and around the sea means pausing and breathing for a moment for Istanbulites who live in this enormous chaotic jungle.

Today, “the water habits” have long been forgotten, and the sea has become only a transport channel and a beautiful sight to look at instead of being directly involved by the people.

Even though Istanbul is a metropolis where 15 million different people live; their common ground had always been the sea and the sea culture and it has the power to connect the people again.

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Water Culture in Istanbul: From Sea Hammams To Republic Beaches

Mafalda on the Banks of the Bosphorus, the Dolmabahçe Mosque in the background (Fausto Zonaro, Italian, 1854-1929)12

In early Ottoman times, there was not a rooted culture for swimming. Instead, to stare at the sea from the small tea & coffee shops lining up the coastline were preferred. Turks’ physical conversation with the sea has started with the Sea Hammams (Sea Baths) which dated back to the 17th century. Sea Hammams were serving as semi-closed refreshment and sunbathing points on the hot summer days. Sea Hammams were actually very popular that they even came until the 70s. However, after the establishment of the Republic and, the modernization movements all around Turkey people’s preferences shifted more into crowded, dynamic republic beaches.

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Socio-Cultural Context

Atatğğürk in Florya Mansion, HAFTA Magazine Cover, 22 July 193513

The Florya Mansion(aka. Florya Ataturk Marine Mansion) which was designed by that period’s one of the most important modernist architects “Seyfi Arkan”, has been built by Istanbul Municipality and presented to the founder and the first president of the Turkish Republic: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Atatürk was a foresighted leader who was aware that the Turk’s relationship with the sea was weak even though the country is surrounded by water on three sides. Therefore, He immediately turned the Florya Mansion into a public beach where he swam with the citizens together. Moreover, he supported the new republic beaches to be open on the coastline of Istanbul. These acts contributed to the popularity of the republic beaches and swimming directly in the sea rather than in sea hammams.

Istanbul has had numerous beautiful beaches which no more than a few exist anymore.

49

Image 18. Sea Hammams, collage made by the author.

50

Image 19. Repubşlic Beaches, collage made by the author.

51

Research & Mappings Outcomes: “Life can’t be all that bad,’ I’d think from time to time. ‘Whatever happens, I can always take a long walk along the Bosphorus.”

- Orhan Pamuk, Istanbul: Memories and the City

Besides the historical and cultural value of the region, the disconnected ill relationship with the water in a place like Golden Horn gradually weakens the place of the historical legacies of Istanbul like Haliç Shipyard in the collective urban memory.

The shipyards and the culture of water is been forgotten day by day and becoming a vacancy in the minds of the citizens.

Although our behavioral relationship is different compared to the glorious past of swimming culture, the sea is still a very important phenomenon for Istanbulites.

Despite the gentrification and the loss of publicity caused by brutal city crimes around the coasts, the re-invitation of the people to the sea through creating “a passage” can take advantage of the affordances of the region and revive the old coastal habits.

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Architectura

CHAPTER II.

al Approach

Defining the Approach: Sneaking into the Shipyard

Sishane Metro Station

Image 20. Abstraction of the urban approach made by the author on

The project is a minimalistic but assembler design that will aim to bring back or relate to past coastal behaviorology while attempting to reconnect the city & the shipyard.

The warehouse located in the periphery of the shipyard next to the entrance door is selected as a vacancy to work on, because of its strategic location and the uncertain idea of the municipality to make that part public. Also, the strongest people activity is around there because of the park, station, and the social facilities located. Moreover, it can attract people who use the Sishane metro station with its proximity to there.

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Persembe Bazaar Area

h to re-invite the people to the Haliç Shipyard n Google aerial photo.

To re-introduce the Haliç Shipyard to the people, the first design move is to provide a public flow to the site by extending the cut connection of the pre-existing bike and pedestrian route in the Persembe Bazaar area.

So, the design starts with an attempt to mend the coastal connection with a capillary going through the impermeable shipyard area. This connection deck can be openable in parts to allow the Haliç Shipyard to keep functioning perfectly as before.

Then, a peri-urban passage is created as an extension to the existing warehouse which ties and channels the human flow in every direction and creates an encounter point with the Haliç Shipyard.

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Defining the Approach: Existing Situation of The Warehouse Building

Image 21. Google Earth view of the road between the entrance of the Haliç Shipyard and Cezayirli Hasan Paşşsha Park

Image 22. Inside view of the warehouse

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Image 23. Google Earth view of the entrance of the Haliç Shipyard

Image 24. Inside view of the warehouse 2

61

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Defining the Approach: Strategies in The Master Plan

Mach

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telier

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Historic Northern Sea Area Command Council House

Sea Hammam Ferry Station/ Urban Forum

Boat Rental Area

Flexible Event Space

Boat Mooring & Fishing Deck

Image 25. Programs & design approac

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Perşembe Pazarı Urban Recreational Area (connecting with the pre-existing bicycle & pedestrian route)

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Constuction Atelier

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Dry Dock no.2

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Walking & Biking Route

ch on master plan made by the author.

63

Defining the Approach: Using the Old Warehouse of The Shipyard

DAY USE

Image 26. Day use, site plan made by the author.

The idea in the plan is to have maximum openness and flexibility to think of the station as an urban forum in which many different kinds of activities can be done with the movement of the people. There are long horizontal and vertical axes/passages that connect the shipyard, the urban life, and the sea. On the tip of the new extension, there is a ferry departure point connected with a marina for ship mooring and fishing. In the body part, there is a sea bath consisting of three different pools for people to enjoy the seaside and do water-related activities. Where the two building connects the bike & pedestrian route goes by and can be considered as a threshold between the old and new part of the building.

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NIGHT USE

Image 27. Night use, site plan made by the author.

The warehouse will be mostly left as an open area with re-arrangeable seating and stage elements which can be carried by the pre-existing crane to serve for different public events such as concerts and meetings. On the other end of the warehouse, there will be an urban elevator that will connect the people to a mezzanine route goes till the ferry departure point.

A modular dynamic shell will be mutually used by both parts of the building by installing horizontal slides to the rooftops and elevation sides of the old & new structures. Both of the spaces can benefit from the openness and don’t need to be fully insulated considering the building programs and the convenience of the climate. The outer shell can move according to user needs of day & night time.

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Spatial Uses & The Plan

Image 28. Spatial uses & th

he plan made by the author.

67

Spatial Uses & The Plan

Image 29. Zoom in plan, made by the author.

Activities: Ferry Departure Ship Mooring Fishing

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Image 30. Zoom in plan 1, made by the author.

Activities: Cafe Sea Bath & Leisure

69

Spatial Uses & The Plan

Image 31. Zoom in plan 2, made by the author.

Activities: Boat Rental Point Changing Rooms Pedestrian & Cycling Route

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Image 32. Zoom in plan 3, made by the author.

Activities: Event Space Reception & Toilets Connection With The Wood Atelier

71

Exploded Diagram

Image 33. Exploded diag

gram made by the author.

73

Image 34. General view,of the passa

age, perspective made by the author.

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Formation Diagrams & The Relationship With The Shipyard

Image 35. Formation Diagrams: final look of the design made by the author.

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Image 36. Formation Diagrams: step 1 made by the author.

STEP 1. Highlighted buildings and the border wall will be removed because they don’t have a heritage value and some are in bad condition. By this the historic wood atelier will be restored in the Shipyard silhouette.

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Formation Diagrams & The Relationship With The Shipyard

Image 37. Formation Diagrams: step 2 made by the author.

STEP 2. The outer layer of the warehouse will be removed and an extension through the Golden Horn will be created. The pedestrian and biking route will be continued through the shipyard and where the old entrance was located.

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Image 38. Formation Diagrams: step 3 made by the author.

STEP 3. Two big decks will be added to the new ground extension for the waterrelated activities.

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Formation Diagrams & The Relationship With The Shipyard

Image 39. Formation Diagrams: step 4 made by the author.

STEP 4. A mezzanine connection with an urban elevator will be added to generate mobility in both ways together with the coastal extension.

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Image 40. Formation Diagrams: step 5 made by the author.

STEP 5. Protected pools will be provided for people to enjoy the seaside and relax. A new wooden structure which will be made in the wood atelier will be installed.

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Formation Diagrams & The Relationship With The Shipyard

Image 41. Formation Diagrams: step 6 made by the author.

STEP 6. Horizontal colored wood elements will be used to generate different spatial organizations and will provide shading when the outer shell is open.

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Image 42. Formation Diagrams: step 7 made by the author.

STEP 7. The tip of the extension will be a departure point for the ferries.

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Formation Diagrams & The Relationship With The Shipyard

Image 43. Formation Diagrams: step 8 made by the author.

STEP 8. The outer polycarbonate panel shell will be mutually used by the warehouse and the new extension.

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Image 44. Formation Diagrams: step 9 made by the author.

STEP 9. The floating pedestrian and cycling route will be openable in the parts where drydocks are located.

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Formation Diagrams & The Relationship With The Shipyard

Image 45. Formation Diagrams: night view of the design by the author.

STEP 10. At night time, when the ferry station and the shipyard are not working, the warehouse and the drydock can be used as a place for big events like concerts.

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Example poster design for the night events made by the author.

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Section: Spatial Relations

Image 46. Section m

made by the author.

89

Behaviorology of The Building

Image 47. Behaviorology of the building: urban elevator, made by the author.

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Image 48. Behaviorology of the building: event space in the warehouse, made by the author.

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Behaviorology of The Building

Image 49. Behaviorology of the building:

ferry departure point, made by the author.

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Behaviorology of The Building

Image 50. Behaviorology of the building: wa

ater deck & the interiors, made by the author.

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Behaviorology of The Building

Image 51. Behaviorology of the building: connection of the old

d & new part, pedestrian & cycling route, made by the author.

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Perspective Renderings

Image 52. Perspective Renderings: fer

rry departure point, made by the author.

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Image 53. Perspective Renderings: boat ren

ntal area & the sea bath, made by the author.

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Image 54. Perspective Renderings: water

r deck & the sea bath, made by the author.

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Image 55. Perspective Renderings:

the mezzanine, made by the author.

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Image 56. Perspective Renderings

s: interşşior vşiew, made by the author.

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Image 57. Perspective Renderings:

: interşşior vşiew 1, made by the author.

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Image 58. Perspective Renderings: event sp

pace in the warehouse, made by the author.

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Image 59. Perspective Rendering

gs: sea bath, made by the author.

113

Model Photographs

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115

116

117

118

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Architectural Approach Outcomes & Thoughts: Throughout the design process, I played with the multiple design components that I have extracted from my readings and mappings.

These components such as the culture of water, transitional spaces, public spaces, event spaces were crucial cultural elements that form and affect the daily life practices in Istanbul.

The most challenging part of the project for me was that the Haliç Shipyard was not yet a vacancy, and precisely because of this feature, it was a great heritage that should be preserved.

This situation made me realize that the fact that cultural heritage is considered as a vacancy does not necessarily require the physical abandonment of it. When we look at the Haliç Shipyard today, we see that a 6-century cultural heritage that has been inactive with wrong politics has become a burden on the government and an urban void in the minds of the citizens. This memory loss in society creates the vacancy of this field.

Looking at it now, I believe that with the changing conditions of the period, it will not be enough to protect the Haliç Shipyard and to ensure that it continues to function in order to make it a place in the hearts of society. But a common ground where society and functions can come together, a cultural knot, can create unpredictable synergies, and I think these diverse clusters of intersections can make places a little more ‘common ground’ for people and cultures, away from being eccentric and seedy.

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Image 60. Exploded view of the project with the gr

round area of The Haliç Shipyard made by the author.

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Additional Notes: Harmony of Two Different Projects Passage To The Golden Horn

by Bengüsu Cebeci

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Enhancing 21st Century Craftsmanship @Haliç Shipyard by Cagatay Erbas

As two individuals who did their master’s thesis on Haliç Shipyard at Hardcore Heritage Studio; we examined the different layers related to the shipyard area and developed our projects in the light of these. The exchange of ideas during the semester and our thoughts on the completion of our projects showed that these different layers pointed to certain main problems concerning the future of the shipyard. The parallelism of our readings at this point made us realize that our projects can be deemed as two different strategies to these problems that can work in harmony.

These problems, as previously mentioned in our reflection papers, are the integrity of coastal publicity, the water culture made forgotten by privatizations and the risk of gentrification. Since Haliç Shipyard is a living heritage and it is worth preserving precisely, for this reason, we believed that preserving the continuity of the function while intervening in the area would be the most important decision to protect the industrial heritage that can be taken here. For this reason, both projects tackled ownership of the Haliç Shipyard as a design tactic to transfer heritage value for conservation and possible future uses.

While my project deals with the cultural heritage, public space, and the water culture of Istanbul, Çagatay’s project focuses on intangible heritage and the continuation of vanishing craftsmanship in the Haliç Shipyard. My design located on the periphery of the shipyard, with its architectural program, can act as a welcoming point and a catalyzer to bring people to the area. Çagatay’s project makes a connection with the upper part of the shipyard where the historical entrance is. People flow to the site with the peri-urban passages can observe the active production process at the construction atelier when they are in transition.

Therefore, these two projects can benefit and support each other when co-existing and hopefully ensure the future of the water-related production in the Halic Shipyard and tell the story of its legacy.

125

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Image Reference Endnotes 1.

Leibniz-Institut für Länderkunde, Leipzig, 1800. Deutsch: 1 Kt. : kolor. (60 x 28 cm); Koordinaten E 28°53’55”-E 29°10’41”/N 41°15’51”-N 40°58’53”; Maßstab in graph. Form (Lieues).

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Passage To The Golden Horn

2021 Bengüsu Cebeci