Nester’s Microbiology, 9e (Anderson)
Chapter 2 The Molecules of Life
1) In addition to investigations with bacteria that led to Pasteur being considered the Father of Microbiology, he also
A) found that some molecules can exist as stereoisomers AND created aspartame.
B) created aspartame AND separated organic acids using a microscope.
C) found that some molecules can exist as stereoisomers AND separated organic acids using a microscope.
D) separated organic acids using a microscope AND discovered polarized light.
E) discovered polarized light AND found that some molecules can exist as stereoisomers.
Answer: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 02.01 Describe the general structure of an atom and its isotopes.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
2) The negatively charged component of the atom is the
A) proton.
B) electron.
C) neutron.
D) nucleus.
E) valence.
Answer: B
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.01 Describe the general structure of an atom and its isotopes.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
3) The part of the atom that is most involved in chemical reactivity is the
A) proton.
B) neutron.
C) electron.
D) nucleus.
E) ion.
Answer: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01 Describe the general structure of an atom and its isotopes.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
4) Electrons
A) are found in the area outside the nucleus known as the cloud.
B) may gain energy but do not lose energy.
C) cannot move from one shell to another within the cloud.
D) are located farthest from the nucleus and have the least energy.
E) are positively charged particles in an atom.
Answer: A
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01 Describe the general structure of an atom and its isotopes.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
5) The atomic number for an atom of a specific element is equal to (Check all that apply)
A) the number of electrons in a single atom of that element.
B) the number of electrons plus neutrons in a single atom of that element.
C) the number of protons in a single atom of that element.
D) the number of neutrons and protons in a single atom of that element.
E) the position of an ion on the periodic table.
Answer: A, C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01 Describe the general structure of an atom and its isotopes.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
6) Sharing of electrons between 2 atoms forms a(n)
A) hydrogen bond.
B) ionic bond.
C) covalence bond.
D) atomic bond.
E) covalent bond.
Answer: E
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.03 Compare and contrast ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and hydrogen bonds.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
7) If electrons are gained or lost in the formation of a bond, the bond is a(n) ________ bond.
A) ionic
B) covalent
C) hydrogen
D) nonpolar
E) intermediate
Answer: A
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.03 Compare and contrast ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and hydrogen bonds.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8) Charged atoms are called
A) ions.
B) neutrons.
C) molecules.
D) polymers.
E) atoms.
Answer: A
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.03 Compare and contrast ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and hydrogen bonds.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
9) Water
A) is a polar molecule.
B) is referred to as a universal solvent.
C) makes up over 70% of an organism.
D) is often a product or reactant in chemical reactions.
E) All of the answer choices are correct.
Answer: E
Section: 02.03
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 02.05 Describe the properties of water, and explain why it is so important in biological systems.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
10) pH
A) is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.
B) is measured using a scale from 5 to 8.
C) is measured using a linear (not logarithmic) scale.
D) is an abbreviation for "power of helium."
E) is a measure of the OH+ concentration of a solute.
Answer: A
Section: 02.03
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.06 Explain the concept of pH, and how the pH of a solution relates to its acidity.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
11) The subunits (building blocks) of proteins are
A) nucleotides.
B) phospholipids.
C) amino acids.
D) carbohydrates.
E) monosaccharides.
Answer: C
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.10 Describe the factors that affect protein structure and function.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
12) If the side chains of amino acids contain carboxyl (-COOH) groups, they
A) contribute a positive charge to the amino acid at pH 10 AND are considered acidic amino acids.
B) contribute a negative charge to the amino acid at pH 10 AND are considered nucleic acids.
C) contribute a positive charge to the amino acid at pH 10 AND are considered nucleic acids.
D) contribute a negative charge to the amino acid at pH 10 AND are considered acidic amino acids.
E) contribute a negative charge to the amino acid at pH 10 AND are considered acidic monosaccharides.
Answer: D
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 02.10 Describe the factors that affect protein structure and function.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
13) Amino acids that contain many methyl (-CH3) groups
A) are considered hydrophilic.
B) are nonpolar.
C) carry a positive charge.
D) carry a negative charge.
E) are considered hydrophilic AND carry a positive charge.
Answer: B
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 02.10 Describe the factors that affect protein structure and function.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
14) D-amino acids are associated with
A) radioactive isotopes.
B) bacterial cell walls.
C) plant proteins.
D) human proteins.
E) all proteins.
Answer: B
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.10 Describe the factors that affect protein structure and function.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
15) The most important feature of a protein is its
A) secondary structure.
B) side group.
C) shape.
D) electric charge.
E) size.
Answer: C
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 02.10 Describe the factors that affect protein structure and function.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
16) Alpha helices and beta pleated sheets form a protein's
A) primary structure.
B) secondary structure.
C) tertiary structure.
D) quaternary structure.
E) multi-structure.
Answer: B
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.10 Describe the factors that affect protein structure and function.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
17) Acidic or basic amino acids are
A) insoluble in water.
B) readily soluble in water.
C) unable to form ions.
D) considered hydrophobic.
E) unable to form peptide bonds.
Answer: B
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.10 Describe the factors that affect protein structure and function.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
18) The N terminal in a protein
A) is the end characterized by a free carboxyl group.
B) is the end characterized by a free amino group.
C) is typically found in the middle of a protein.
D) is the part of a protein that is bound to another protein.
E) is indicated with an "R."
Answer: B
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.10 Describe the factors that affect protein structure and function.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
19) Select the FALSE statement regarding protein denaturation.
A) Denaturation can occur due to certain chemicals.
B) Denaturation can occur due to pH changes.
C) Denaturation can occur due to high temperature.
D) Denaturation may cause the protein to no longer function.
E) Denaturation cannot be reversed.
Answer: E
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.10 Describe the factors that affect protein structure and function.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
20) Select the FALSE statement regarding carbohydrates.
A) They may be part of the structure of bacteria.
B) They may serve as a source of food.
C) They contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.
D) They may be bonded to proteins to form glycoproteins.
E) Cholesterol and ergosterol are examples of carbohydrates.
Answer: E
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.09 Compare and contrast the structure and function of simple lipids, compound lipids, and steroids.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
21) Carbohydrates
A) form only ring structures.
B) form only linear structures.
C) may interconvert between ring and linear structures.
D) contain both ring and linear portions within the same molecule.
E) are all structural isomers of each other.
Answer: C
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.08 Describe the characteristics of the different types of carbohydrates.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
22) Structural isomers
A) contain the same number of atoms/elements, but in different arrangements AND may be referred to as the -D and -P forms.
B) are exemplified by glucose and galactose AND are formed by different arrangements of the -COOH groups
C) contain the same number of atoms/elements, but in different arrangements AND are exemplified by glucose and galactose.
D) are formed by different arrangements of the -COOH groups AND may be referred to as the -D and -L forms.
E) may be referred to as the -D and -P forms AND are exemplified by glucose and fructose.
Answer: C
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 02.08 Describe the characteristics of the different types of carbohydrates.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
23) What type of bond holds one strand of DNA to the complementary strand of DNA?
A) Covalent
B) Hydrogen
C) Disulfide
D) Ionic
E) Peptide
Answer: B
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.11 Compare and contrast the chemical compositions, structures, and major functions of DNA, RNA, and ATP.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
24) The sugars found in nucleic acids contain
A) 3 carbon atoms.
B) 5 carbon atoms.
C) 7 carbon atoms.
D) 9 carbon atoms.
E) either 5 or 7 carbon atoms.
Answer: B
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.11 Compare and contrast the chemical compositions, structures, and major functions of DNA, RNA, and ATP.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
25) Which of the following are found in RNA but not in DNA?
A) Adenine AND ribose
B) Ribose AND thymine
C) Ribose AND uracil
D) Thymine AND uracil
E) Uracil AND deoxyribose
Answer: C
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.11 Compare and contrast the chemical compositions, structures, and major functions of DNA, RNA, and ATP.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
26) Which shows the incorrect complementary base pairing?
A) A:T
B) G:C
C) G:T
D) A:U
E) A:T, G:C, AND A:U
Answer: C
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 02.11 Compare and contrast the chemical compositions, structures, and major functions of DNA, RNA, and ATP.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
27) The components of fats are fatty acids and
A) amino acids.
B) nucleotides.
C) phosphate.
D) glycerol.
E) cholesterol.
Answer: D
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.09 Compare and contrast the structure and function of simple lipids, compound lipids, and steroids.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
28) In general, when saturated fats are compared to unsaturated fats (assumingthe same number of carbon atoms in the molecule),
A) they have about the same melting temperature.
B) saturated fats have a lower melting temperature.
C) unsaturated fats have a lower melting temperature.
D) unsaturated fats have a higher melting temperature.
E) saturated fats are more liquid at room temperature.
Answer: C
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 02.09 Compare and contrast the structure and function of simple lipids, compound lipids, and steroids.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
29) If you placed a DNA molecule in a vertical orientation, then from top to bottom, the two parallel strands are both oriented in the same, 5′ to 3′, direction.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.11 Compare and contrast the chemical compositions, structures, and major functions of DNA, RNA, and ATP.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
30) RNA is a long double-stranded helix containing ribose and uracil.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.11 Compare and contrast the chemical compositions, structures, and major functions of DNA, RNA, and ATP.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
31) Lipids, like nucleic acids and proteins, are made of chains of similar subunits.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.09 Compare and contrast the structure and function of simple lipids, compound lipids, and steroids.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
32) Steroids are simple lipids.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.09 Compare and contrast the structure and function of simple lipids, compound lipids, and steroids.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
33) Water-soluble substances easily pass through the phospholipid bilayer of a cell membrane.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.09 Compare and contrast the structure and function of simple lipids, compound lipids, and steroids.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
34) The positively charged component of the atom is the
A) electron.
B) neutron.
C) proton.
D) cation.
E) anion.
Answer: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01 Describe the general structure of an atom and its isotopes.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
35) The uncharged component of the atom is the
A) electron.
B) proton.
C) neutron.
D) proline.
E) neulon.
Answer: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.01 Describe the general structure of an atom and its isotopes.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
36) What determines the chemical and physical properties of an atom of an element?
A) Atomic number
B) Neutrons
C) Atomic weight
D) Electrons
E) Atomic size
Answer: A
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01 Describe the general structure of an atom and its isotopes.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
37) The atom, as a whole, is uncharged because
A) the number of protons equals the number of neutrons.
B) the number of electrons equals the number of neutrons.
C) neutrons neutralize the charges.
D) the number of protons equals the number of electrons.
E) the number of protons exceeds the number of electrons.
Answer: D
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01 Describe the general structure of an atom and its isotopes.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
38) The mass number of an atom is equal to
A) the number of electrons.
B) the number of electrons plus neutrons.
C) the number of neutrons and protons.
D) the number of protons.
E) the number of electron shells.
Answer: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01 Describe the general structure of an atom and its isotopes.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
39) If electrons are shared unequally, a(n) ________ bond is formed.
A) weak
B) polar
C) nonpolar
D) ionic
E) hydrogen
Answer: B
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.03 Compare and contrast ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and hydrogen bonds.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
40) Atoms that gain electrons become
A) positively charged.
B) negatively charged.
C) neutral.
D) lighter.
E) elements.
Answer: B
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02 Describe the importance of valence electrons.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
41) Which of these bonds are weak individually but are much stronger as a group?
A) Covalent AND hydrogen
B) Ionic AND covalent
C) Neutron AND ionic
D) Hydrogen AND neutron
E) Ionic AND hydrogen
Answer: E
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 02.03 Compare and contrast ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and hydrogen bonds.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
42) The most important molecule(s) in the world is (are)
A) water.
B) protein.
C) carbohydrates.
D) nucleic acids.
E) nitrogen.
Answer: A
Section: 02.03
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.08 Describe the characteristics of the different types of carbohydrates.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
43) Adenosine triphosphate contains
A) adenosine, deoxyribose, and three phosphates.
B) adenosine, ribose, and three phosphates.
C) a pyrimidine base, ribose, and three phosphates.
D) a purine base, deoxyribose, and two phosphates.
E) a pyrimidine base, deoxyribose, and three phosphates.
Answer: B
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 02.11 Compare and contrast the chemical compositions, structures, and major functions of DNA, RNA, and ATP.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
44) How many different amino acids are there to choose from when assembling a protein?
A) 5
B) 10
C) 20
D) 25
E) 64
Answer: C
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.10 Describe the factors that affect protein structure and function.
ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations).
Copyright © 2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.