1 Understanding the Geography of the World
Where in the world is our community?
Travel from outer space back to Earth. Learn geography terms along the way. Discover how to find any place on a map.
Read & Do: Explorers Find New Lands
2 Finding Places in California
Where in California is your community?
Discover how maps help you find places in California. Find your community on a map of the state. Learn if your community is near or far from famous places in the Golden State.
Read & Do: Eagles, Flags, and Midnight Parades
18
3 Geography and the Way We Live ...........36
How does geography affect our community?
Discover how to describe the geography of a place. Find out how geography affects the way people live and how people can change their surroundings. Read about the geography of four places in California.
Read & Do: Telling Stories with Maps
4 American Indians in California
Who were the first people in our state?
Learn about three groups of California Indians and how they adapted to their environments. Discover how they interacted with the Spanish settlers who arrived later.
Read & Do: The First People in Your Community
66
5 Settling in California
Why did people come to California?
Learn why and how immigrants come to California. Read about where immigrants settled in the United States and what challenges they faced. Find out how immigrants can become U.S. citizens.
Read & Do: One Immigrant’s Story
84
6 Making Communities Better ..................92
How do people improve their communities?
Find out what you can do to help your community and be a good citizen. Learn about five people who practiced good citizenship and made a difference in their communities.
Read & Do: How Berkeley Changed
7 Government in the United States
How is our government set up?
Learn about different levels of government. Read about the roles of each person and department in a community’s government.
Read & Do: The Constitution Protects
Our Rights
8 Citizenship and Participation ...............136
How do we have a voice in our community?
Discover how citizens can affect the government. Learn ways that people in a community can express their ideas.
Read & Do: Benjamin Franklin, Public Servant
148
9 Protecting the Environment.................152
How can we care for the environment?
Read about three communities with pollution problems. Explore pollution causes and solutions.
Read & Do: Finding New Sources of Energy
10 Making a Difference
What can we do to improve our community?
Discover how to make our community a better place. Explore how you can learn more about solving a problem you care about.
Read & Do: American Heroes
11 Understanding Our Economy
How do we buy and sell things?
Explore how the economy works. Read about buying and selling. Find out how we have to make choices when we buy goods and services.
Read & Do: Making Mail Faster..........................................
12 Choices in a Free Market
Why do prices change in our economy?
Explore your choices in a free market economy. Learn how people and businesses can earn money. Discover why prices change in a market.
Read & Do: Becoming an Entrepreneur
Why do we save money?
why it is helpful to use money wisely and how you can save it. Learn why and how businesses can save money,
about the meaning of
at
out what it
to be a good citizen at school, in your community,
in North America
California’s Borders
(Finding a City)
(Finding a Town)
of Columbus’s First Voyage
Lewis and Clark’s Route to the Pacific
Map of the United States
California’s Natural Regions
Map of California
Features of the United States
with
in the
Selected Primary Sources
A primary source of an event is an object created by someone who was there. See for yourself what you can learn about history from old photos, notebooks, certificates, and other primary sources.
World Map made in 1500 14
Lewis and Clark notebook, 1804–1806...........................................
Photo of Fourth of July parade, 1923..............................................
Photo of Hupa Indian mother and child
Photo of Hupa fisherman
Photo of White Deerskin dancer
Photo of Chumash Indian basket
Chumash cave paintings, Santa Barbara, California
Photo of Miwok fisherman
Photo of American Indian headdresses
Photo of Washoe Indians making quilt
Photo of California gold field
Photo of immigrant boat
Photo of covered wagons
Photo of California potato farm
Citizenship certificate, 1906............................................................
Photo of Clara Barton, 1860s
Photo of Ruby Bridges, 1960
Photo of Stockdale ranch, Kern County, California, 1888
Photo of Ignacio Peralta House, San Leandro, California, 1960
Photo of Davis-Byrne Building, Berkeley, California, 1933
The Constitution of the United States, 1787 131
Photo of Little Rock Nine, September, 1957 134
Photo of civil rights march at Washington, D.C., 1963................. 143
20-shilling bill printed by Benjamin Franklin, 1759
Photo of oil-covered duck, Carpinteria, California, 1969
Photo of Harriet Tubman, 1870s
149
.159
184
Photo of printing telegraph, about 1908 .201