ARCH 3074 DESIGN 6

CHAN KA HEI, BRIAN

ARCH 3074 DESIGN 6 P O R T F O L I O

3035482453 THE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE

Anderson Lee YEAR 4 SEMESTER 1, 2020-21

“ C A BINET” AXONOMETRIC YELL O W B U I L D I N G PARTIAL / 1:50

01

CASE

STUDY - NEXUS

WORLD

MARK MACK BLOCK Mark Mack Block, which consists of two wings, is located at the junction of two streets. Its higher yellow concrete-frame slab rests on the lower block which is painted vivid red. Moreover, its geometry of the façade is one of the most inspiring ones of his time – constructed by 29 distinctive apartment, Mark Mack had deliberately played around the function and arrangement of each housing units, displaying ultimate flexibility and creativity. Nevertheless, each apartment is still clearly expressed by the facades with their irregular distribution of windows, balconies and panel elements. Its rectangular geometry of the façade and the vivid colour use owe much to Le Corbusier, who advocated the rules of Pilotis, Roof Terrace and Free Plan.

ILLUSTRATION / FRONT-FACING (TOP) + BACK-FACING (BOTTOM)

FRONT FACING ELEVATION / UNFOLDED / 1:100

BACK FACING ELEVATION / UNFOLDED / 1:100

X

SECTION X-X / 1:100

X

UNFOLDED SECTION Y-Y / 1:100

Y

Y

STANDARDIZED DUPLEX BLOCK YELLOW 2/F-5/F 14 UNITS

A

APARTMENTS

B

A

C

B

E

D

C

F

E

D

BLOCK RED 10 UNITS

COURTYARD HOUSE BLOCK YELLOW 6/F 4 UNITS

A

B

UNITE' D HABITATION UNIT ITERATION UNIT TYPE 01

UNIT TYPE 08

UNIT TYPE 12

UNIT TYPE 02

UNIT TYPE 03

UNIT TYPE 09

UNIT TYPE 13 UNIT TYPE 04

UNIT TYPE 10 UNIT TYPE 05

UNIT TYPE 06

UNIT TYPE 11

UNIT TYPE 07

UNIT TYPE 14

01

CASE

STUDY - NEXUS

WORLD

VARIATION / LIVING STYLE People from all walks of lives live in the modern city, and Mark Mack Block smartly reflects these differences in the housing mix prescribed by the client for the site. Three typologies of rooms were developed and interwoven – the apartment house, the duplex, and the courtyard house.

In terms of the iterations of the apartment houses, they have much more variation as their iteration are based on their entire form and area, in lieu of mere partitioning and layout. According to our observation, a large apartment house may be twice as large of a small one, while the number of rooms may range from two to four, with distinctive forms. On the other hand, the circulation of the apartment houses is separated from the duplexes, and can be seen as an individual building. In the former houses, there are only five to six household sharing one common gateway, while there are eighteen households sharing the same gateway for the latter one.

This allows the apartment houses to enjoy a higher degree of privacy. Another point to note is that apartment houses have fewer connections with the communal garden when comparing with outer plaza, thus more outward reaching.

SECTIONAL MODEL / 1:50 / 3/F + 4/F + 5/F UNCAPPED

SECTIONAL MODEL / 1:50 / 3/F + 4/F + 5/F PARTIALLY LIFTED

SECTIONAL MODEL / 1:50 / RED BUILDING + YELLOW BUILDING SIDE REVEAL

SECTIONAL MODEL / 1:50 / ALLOTMENT GARDEN SETUP

DUPLEX

COURTYARD HOUSE

EXPOSURE & PRIVACY ITERATION OF SUGGESTED LIFESTYLE

DUPLEX APARTMENT HOUSE COURTYARD HOUSE

OF SUGGESTED LIFESTYLE VARIATION IN ROOMITERATION SCALE EXPOSURE & PRIVACY

APARTMENT HOUSE DUPLEX

VARIATION IN ROOM SCALE ITERATION OF SUGGESTED LIFESTYLE

01

CASE STUDY - NEXUS

WORLD

MIXTURE OF TYPE The equality of the three aforementioned typologies’ dimensions and orientation reflect the democratic tendencies of modern life, yet within these two-storey drawers rooms may shift, materials change and volumes intermingle. In general, Mark Mack Block grasps the essence of distinguishing between public spaces, which connect into the networks of urban life and private spaces. They offer the asylum for retreat, personal growth, secluded thoughts and meditation. On the contrary, its public space wraps the buildings, passing under the arcade and lined with storefronts; opening to the plaza and is parallel to the livelihood on the streets. Last but not least, its semi-private entrance areas pierce the buildings, providing a continuum of public areas to the inner, private region of greenery and gardens.

In general, we can view that Mark Mack is able to infuses the wisdom of Le Corbusier’s visions in modern building into his Mark Mack Block. This can be even better visualized when juxtaposing the sections and plans of these two masters’ projects. For instance, the placement of the balcony being asymmetric in Mark Mack Block establishes a hierarchy of exposure between inner courtyard and outer street, while the similar parts are placed symmetrically in Le Corbusier’s projects to ensure residence exposure on both sides.

PARTIAL PLAN / 1:200 / DUPLEX & APARTMENT

“CABINET” AXONOMETRIC

MASSING 01

YELLOW B U I L D I N G P A R T I A L / 1 : 5 0

MASSING 02

MASSING 03

SECOND FLOOR PLAN STRUCTURAL DISTRIBUTION / 1:50

MASSING 04

01

02

MASSING STAGE

REDISTRIBUTION OF COMMUNAL SPACE As architectures are committed to humans, it is indispensable to understand the human factors of this building. Mark Mack, well-known for his style of “California Modernism” and “Easy Living” has been incorporating colours and eclectic material choice, as well as infusing with the appreciation of bringing the outside spaces in and pushing the inside spaces out into the open. He is also an advocate of mingling social theory, democratization and social justice to architectural formulation.

In my 30% addition, i intended to redistribute the underused communal space at zero level to each of the residential deck - creating atriums, courtyards, gardens, and therefore bringing the community a easier accessed area of meeting up and hanging out. In the massing stage, i am testing out the geometry of the entire building: proportion, porosity and resulted circulation.

1:200 / ORIGINAL(BROWN) + ADDITION(WHITE)

02

1:200 / ORIGINAL(BROWN) + ADDITION(WHITE)

03

1:200 / ORIGINAL(BROWN) + ADDITION(WHITE)

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

QUADRANT SETTLEMENT

B. APARTMENT HOUSE

C. NEW EXTANSION

A. DUPLEX UNIT

D. NEW ADDITION

ALLOTMENT GARDEN DISTRIBUTION OCCUPATION: 41% 1

5

13

9 2

OCCUPATION: 54%

16 6

3

17

10

24

10

18

11

4

22

15

20

21

28

18

34

33

36

32

35

TYPE A 2.4 M

11.2

15

20

21

28

13

7 1

TYPE B

65 M2

4 10

39

38

40

38

40

3.6 M

35

94 M

2

4.8 M

10 1

5 3

31 30 26

30

32 32

:

TYPE B”

2

25

9 22

34 8

11.52 M2

39

:

116 M2

36

29

11

10.8

2.4 M

37

28

29 37

33

1

1 23

24

18

2.4 M

4

27

21

17

6

:

19

16

14

5.76 M2

8.64 M2

22

20

available area of expansion: 46%

2.4 M

2

12

15

31

28 30

1

26

9

29

8 12

11

8

27

21

25 24

16 17

4

23

19

6

26

15

7

14

7

25

20

3

2

14

13

5

1

23

19

12

27

31

03

DESIGN STAGE 1

QUADRANT DIVISION Mark Mack Block did an outstanding job in adapting its structure to fit within a predetermined urban form, and are directly connected to the public realm of the plaza through their walk-up. The internal arrangement of the block also reflects its desire for sunlight to penetrate through the L-shaped building.

The original block which is comprise of two assymetrical block intersecting, is now dissolved and recomprise of four quaduants: with two of them very exposed and two behind enjoying relatively private settlement. together the four blocks form a “pinwheel” geometry and therefore providing a chance the embed 4 communal block at the turning corner. This is for the sake of redistributing the underused allotment garden underneath, and as well as a intermediate between the mixture of unit type.

CIRCULATION-MASSING MODEL / 1:200 / ADDITION (LIGHTER WOOD)

CIRCULATION-MASSING MODEL / 1:200 / ADDITION (LIGHTER WOOD)

03

DESIGN STAGE 2

PROGRAM DISTRIBUTION At the time of the construction of the building, Japanese is experiencing an economic updrift with a large influx of population from rural villages, or even foreign countries to major cities, namely Tokyo, yokohama, and the location of Mark Mack Block – Fukoka. Therefore, Mark Mack need to embrace possibility to the greatest extent in terms of lifestyle and culture. He needed to create a range of spaces suggesting different lifestyle in respect to the interior and the neighbourhood to satisfy the various demand from different social states and cultures. Different individuals may not necessarily get used to the climate and housing arrangement providing there. As a result of these, mark created 29 living modules each acquire different orientation, types of opening, sizes, privacy, as to provide freedom of choices to the residence.

So as a further development from the quadrant division, i mapped the program into a easier-understanding model, in representation of how the three major elements, namely residence, communal space and circulation, would intertwine and be viewed as a whole.

PROGRAM MODEL / 1:200 /RESIDENCE + CIRCULATION + COMMUNAL BLOCK

PROGRAM MODEL / 1:200 / RESIDENCE(WOOD) + CIRCULATION(CONCRETE) + COMMUNAL BLOCK(TRANSLUSCENT ACRYLIC)

03

DESIGN STAGE 3

STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY The equality of the three aforementioned typologies’ dimensions and orientation reflect the democratic tendencies of modern life, yet within these two-storey drawers rooms may shift, materials change and volumes intermingle. In general, Mark Mack Block grasp the essence of distinguishing between public spaces, which connect into the networks of urban life and private spaces. They offer the asylum for retreat, personal growth, secluded thoughts and meditation. On the contrary, its public space wraps the buildings, passing under the arcade and lined with storefronts; opening to the plaza and is parallel to the livelihood on the streets.

Last but not least, its semi-private entrance areas pierce the buildings, providing a continuum of public areas to the inner, private region of greenery and gardens.

Upon these settlements, the structural integrity had to be built to the mothership of the original Mark Mack Block. Therefore in the sturctural model. I was attempting to make use of the original placement of the shear wall, and by extending and altering them, the new addition could be depending on the mothership let aside the effort made by its own structural support.

STRUCTURAL MODEL / 1:200 / LOAD BEARING ELEMENT (BLACK) + FLOOR SLAB (WHITE)

STRUTURAL MODEL / 1:200 / LOAD BEARING ELEMENT (BLACK) + FLOOR SLAB (WHITE)

03

DESIGN STAGE 4

RESPONSE TO THE NEIGBORHOOD The two-wing design of the Mark Mack block is much more than a design feature as it is also a respond to the challenging characteristics of the site, an intersection point of a commercial and residential streets. The two wings, one large, one small – which meet and interlock at the corner – form an urban space at the juncture, a sunny plaza that is the hub of the site, surrounded by shops.

On the left hand side of the Mark Mack Block (see below), the 3-storey Rem Koolhaas block sit nextby and in between there is a car lane leading to the carpark under Mark Mack block. At the back of Mark Mack block, the 6-storey Ishiyama block was placed very closely to Mark Mack block and there is a planted back lane leading to the allotment garden that is originally placed in Mark Mack block. These context provide ground of designing to the new addition.

SITE MODEL + FACADE TESTING / 1:200 / REM KOOLHAAS BLOCK (LEFT) + MARK MACK BLOCK (RIGHT)

SITE MODEL / 1:500 / MARK MACK BLOCK & ISHIYAMA BLOCK

SITE MODEL / 1:500 / MARK MACK BLOCK & NEIGHBORHOOD

SITE PLAN / 1:500 / MARK MACK BLOCK & NEIGHBORHOOD

OVERALL SETTLEMENT ELEVATION / UNFOLDED / 1:100

1

2

DUPLEX / COURTYARD HOUSE

COURTYARD HOUSE 1 DUPLEX 1

DUPLEX 2

COURTYARD HOUSE 2 DUPLEX 3

COURTYARD HOUSE 3

DUPLEX 4

COMMUNAL SPACE 1

DUPLEX 5

DUPLEX 6

8

A 1

A’

A 3

A 2

COURTYARD HOUSE 4

APARTMENT 2

A 4

B 2

B 3

B 4

B 5

B’

B 6

B 7

C 1

C 2

C 3

C 4

C 5

C’

C 6

C 7

D 1

D 2

D 3

D 4

D 5

D’

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

5

4

3

2

COMMUNAL SPACE 3

APARTMENT 3

APARTMENT 4

DUPLEX 7

B 1

4

STUDIO APARTMENT

COMMUNAL SPACE 2 APARTMENT 1

STUDIO APARTMENT 1

STUDIO APARTMENT 2

STUDIO APARTMENT 3

STUDIO APARTMENT 4

STUDIO APARTMENT 5

PENTHOUSE 1 NEW DUPLEX 1

F 1

F 2

F’

F 3

F 4

G 1

G 2

G’

G 3

G 4

H 1 I 1

H 2 I 2

L’

H’

M 1

M 2

M 3

M 4

M 5

M’

I’

N 1

N 2

N 3

N 4

N 5

N’

J 1

J 2

J’

O 1

O 2

O 3

O 4

O 5

O’

K 1

K 2

K’

P 1

P 2

P 3

P 4

P 5

P’

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

B

BOTANIC GARDEN

C

SITTING OUT AREA

S 1

STORE

D

R’

R 1

UNIT PLAN W/ COMMUNAL SPACE / 1:50 DOUBLE-FORMAT GARDEN

COMMUNAL SPACE 4

NEW DUPLEX 2

Q’

1

A

LOFT APARTMENT

E’

7

6

3

APARTMENT HOUSE

VEGETABLE FARM

S 2

S’

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

STORE

UNIT PLAN W/ COMMUNAL SPACE / 1:50 A

DOUBLE-FORMAT GARDEN

B

BOTANIC GARDEN

C

SITTING OUT AREA

D

VEGETABLE FARM

04

FINAL

DESIGN

FINAL DESIGN MODEL Front/ 1:100 / Q1(YELLOW) + Q2(RED) + Q3(GREEN)

FINAL DESIGN MODEL OVERALL / 1:100 / Q1(YELLOW) + Q2(RED) + Q3(GREEN) + Q4(BLUE)

04

FINAL

DESIGN - RED

FACADE / 1:100 / RED BLOCK

In terms of the iterations of the apartment houses, they have much more variation as their iteration are based on their entire form and area, in lieu of mere partitioning and layout. According to our observation, a large apartment house may be twice as large of a small one, while the number of rooms may range from two to four, with distinctive forms. On the other hand, the circulation of the apartment houses is separated from the duplexes, and can be seen as an individual building. In the former houses, there are only five to six household sharing one common gateway, while there are eighteen households sharing the same gateway for the latter one. This allows the apartment houses to enjoy a higher degree of privacy. Another point to note is that apartment houses have fewer connections with the communal garden when comparing with outer plaza, thus more outward reaching.

In respond to the aprtment houses, botanic gardens are added as a way to take advantage from the adequate exposure while relatively intimate layout. The plan of the apartment is rarely linear but instead usually acquire some zig-zag boundary, this provide a wider spectrum of exposure compare to the duplex atrium.

FINAL DESIGN MODEL / 1:100 / RED BLOCK + COMMUNAL BLOCK

04

FINAL DESIGN - YELLOW

FACADE / 1:100 / YELLOW BLOCK

The major housing type in the block is duplex, with 19 units of within the yellow block. Duplex is a popular form of housing in America which is intended to build for multihousehold family to live together but still maintain a good balance between common or meeting space, and privacy. For examples, there are a few flats in 4/f and 5/f which bedrooms exist in both floors. These are usually designed for two households and are commonly found in duplex. There are also one-floor flat which are constructed for one household, and some smaller ones which are for one to two people. It is noteworthy that these duplex apartments are intentionally built with relation to the internal courtyard, which is a piece of plotted land for residents to grow vegetable and being collectively maintained. The garden shares the same entry way with the duplex blocks where residents must pass by the garden each time they leave or back to their place.

In respond to the duplex, double format atrium in added to provide one deck of public-accessed communal space and one deck of private platform. Each atrium is shared amoung 5-7 households.

FINAL DESIGN MODEL / 1:100 / YELLOW BLOCK + COMMUNAL BLOCK

04

FINAL

DESIGN - GREEN

FACADE / 1:100 / RED BLOCK

The housing type in the green block is studio apartment with very minimal patitioning and aligned on the private back end of the Mark Mack block. As a result of the intimacy with the Ishiyama Block, very narrow slit window in arranged to avoid over-exposure of human activity in the block.

FINAL DESIGN MODEL / 1:100 / GREEN BLOCK + COMMUNAL BLOCK

In respond to this, a relatively isolated lounge area with reasonable exposure from the skylight is added. It is hoped that this would echo with the more private living style of the residents in the block.

04

FINAL

DESIGN - BLUE

FACADE / 1:100 / BLUE BLOCK

The type of housing in the blue block is loft apartment, where the ingenious designed floor plans best showcase the novel and Japanese approach to multi-family housing. Despite the small size of the individual dwellings (when compared to American/ European standards), they appear spacious owing to the insightful treatment of volume and materials. The layout of the two-storey units draws upon the Raumplan, which Mark places great emphasis on the scale of individual rooms and requires steps into each room or cluster of rooms. Mark has successfully renders an impressive form of this housing by playing on this form of three-dimensional design model

by Adolf Loos. Nonetheless, Mark added his own twist by deploying economic materials such as brightly stained plywood panelling for the walls and built-in furniture. These elements resonate with the traditional Japanese architecture, so as the sliding doors and the tatami rooms in atrium units.

FINAL DESIGN MODEL / 1:100 / BLUE BLOCK + COMMUNAL BLOCK

in respond to this, allotment farm is added as a reaction to the high exposure given by the lifted structure, while remain isolated from the traffic from car lane and foot path.

FINAL DESIGN MODEL SIDE VIEW / 1:100 / Q2(RED) + Q3(GREEN)

FINAL DESIGN MODEL MAJOR ATRIUM / 1:100 / STAIRCASES

FINAL DESIGN MODEL MAJOR ATRIUM / 1:100 / STAIRCASE

FINAL DESIGN MODEL GREEN BLOCK SIDE ENTRANCE/ 1:100 / Q1(YELLOW) + Q2(RED) + Q3(GREEN)