60 RICHMOND CASE STUDY

60 RICHMOND HOUSING COOPERATIVE, TORONTO,CANADA

AYUSH RAWAT A/3251/2019

BRIEF INTRODUCTION SITE

60 RICHMOND STREET

LOCATION

TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA

TYPE

HOUSING COOPERATIVE

UNITS

85

START OF CONSTRUCTION

2008

COMPLETION

2010

SITE AREA

9250 SQ.M.

ARCHITECTS

TEEPLE ARCHITECTS

CONSTRUCTION MANAGER

BIRD CONSTRUCTION

BUILDING HEIGHT

11 STOREYS

RESIDENTIAL GFA

7600 SQ.M.

COMMERCIAL GFA

265 SQ.M. ●

60 Richmond is Toronto’s first housing co-operative in 20 years.The original vision called for a housing co-operative for Unite Here members living in Regent Park.

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Co-operatives are a unique kind of non-profit housing where the residents are actively involved in running their own affairs. This concept of self-sustainability is the premise on which the project was designed.

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With an affordable, socially responsible model of renting and building management, the co-op residents are part of a community where neighbours look out for one another and make collective decisions that benefit all residents.

For example, the resident-run restaurant and training kitchen on the ground floor provide supplementary income and additional experience for the residents. The community garden on the sixth floor terrace helps residents engage with each other and build skills and a sense of community.

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CONTEXT ANALYSIS Google Earth Images

INTERNATIONAL GEMOLOGICAL INSTITUTE

60 RICHMOND STREET PARKING

SITE SECTION

ST. MICHAEL’S HOSPITAL

60 RICHMOND HOUSING

METROPOLITAN UNITEDCHURCH

EATERY SHOP

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CONTEXT ●

60 Richmond Housing Cooperative designed by Teeple Architects is found on the corner of Church St and Richmond St. E.

●

The building is bounded by four roads: Church St to the East, Richmond St. E on the South, Berti St. on the West and Ditty Ln on the North side of the building.

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Location - Toronto, Canada Latitude - 43°39'08.7"N Longitude -79°22'35.1"W

The architecture of the building provides views on every street, overlooking Downtown Toronto, Old Toronto, Financial District and the Garden district.

●

Toronto, the capital of the province of Ontario, is a major Canadian city along Lake Ontario’s northwestern shore.

It's a dynamic metropolis with a core of soaring skyscrapers, all dwarfed by the iconic, free-standing CN Tower. Toronto also has many green spaces, from the orderly oval of Queen’s Park to 400-acre High Park and its trails, sports facilities and zoo.

The building also recycled the original foundation walls of the previous building as shoring (reinforcement) for the construction of the building.

●

Unlike the myriad of condominiums that populate the downtown landscape, 60 Richmond was conceived a solid mass that was carved-into to create openings and terraces at various levels.

Canada

60 Richmond Housing

Built-up

Greens

Streets

Connectivity

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GOALS AND CONCEPT

Economic Sustainability

Creation of Green Spaces

One of the main goals for this project was to create a housing co-op for hospitality workers that would be economical to build and maintain.

Creating green space with out disturbing the city space by inserting and subtracting volumes from a cube. These subtracted volumes create areas for green space.

Social Sustainability With an affordable, socially responsible model of renting and building management, the co-op residents are part of a community where neighbors look out for one another and make collective decisions that benefit all residents.

Energy Efficient

Environmental Sustainability

An ideal ratio of 40 percent high-performance glazing and 60 percent solid exterior wall will ensure energy efficiency, transfer energy from the warm side of the building to its cold side. A heat-recovery system and insulated rainscreen cladding also will help control climate extremes efficiently

The kitchen garden, as well as the building’s green walls, are irrigated by rainwater from the building’s green roof, which is collected in a cistern. Compost from the kitchen is also re-used in the vegetable garden to help with organic urban farming

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MASSING

RESTAURANT

RESIDENTIAL UNITS

GARDEN

GARDEN

TRAINING FACILITY

STAIRS AND LIFT

RESIDENTIAL UNITS RETAIL

RESTAURANT

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RESIDENTIAL PROGRAMME

Ninth Floor

CIRCULATION Ninth Floor

Width of Hallways in each floor Ground floor - 1780 mm Second floor - 1650 mm (Floor 2-5 have same Floor plans) Sixth floor - 1535 mm (Floor 6-8 Have same Floor Plan) Ninth floor - 1535 mm (Floor 9-11 Have same Floor Plan)

Sixth Floor

Width of Staircase - 1200 mm

Sixth Floor

Lift Capacity

Second Floor

Maximum load

- 2500 kg

No. of passengers

- 33

Shaft width

- 2500 mm

Shaft width

- 3100 mm

Second Floor

LIFT

Ground Floor STAIRCASE

Ground Floor UNITS TYPE AND PROGRAM UNIT TYPE

1 Bedroom Units

2 Bedroom Units

3 Bedroom units

4 Bedroom units

total

OPEN SPACES

Regent Park Replacement Units

13

Affordable Units

20

10

8

0

38

33

24

24

4

85

Total

14

16

4

LEGENDS STAIRS AND LIFT

47 3 BEDROOM UNIT

1 BEDROOM UNIT

2 BEDROOM UNIT 4 BEDROOM UNIT (SECOND FLOOR ONLY)

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FLOOR PLANS GROUND FLOOR PLAN

PARKING ENTRY

RESTAURENT ENTRY

SERVICE ENTRY

PEDESTRIAN ENTRY

AREAS Parking

410 sq. M

33%

Restaurant

230 sq. M

19%

Co-op Office

25 sq. M

2%

Retail Shop

150 sq. M

12%

Garbage Recycle Room

90 sq. M

7%

Bicycle Parking+ Coaf Rm

100 sq. M

8%

Garbage Bulk

20 sq. M

2%

Storage

10 sq. M

1%

Security 6M sq. M FLOOR AREA – 1250 sq.

•

Janitor Room 6 sq.– M FLOOR TO FLOOR HEIGHT 5000 M

•

0.5%

150 sq. M

12%

Lift and Staircase

36 Sq. M

3%

ENTRIES - 3

PARKING

STAIRS AND LIFT

0.5%

Circulation Area

•

TRAINING FACILITY SERVICES AND SUPPORT

RESTAURENT

CIRCULATION

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FLOOR PLAN SECOND FLOOR PLAN

•

Floor Area – 1330 sq. M

•

Floor To Floor Height – 3 M

•

Floors 2-5 Have The Same Floor Plan Except The Outdoor Courtyard

•

RESIDENTIAL UNITS:

1 bedroom units

3 bedroom units

4 bedroom units

total

4

1

1

6

•

COMMUNITY SPACE: Multi-purpose Room Outdoor Courtyard Laundry Room

•

SERVICE SPACES: CORRIDOR EXITS STAIRS Elevators AREAS 1 Bedroom Unit

350 sq. M

26%

3 Bedroom Unit

150 sq. M

11%

4 Bedroom Unit

160 sq. M

12%

Outdoor Amenity Space

250 sq. M

19%

Indoor Amenity Space

180 sq. M

13.5%

Laundry Room

65 sq. M

5%

Common Kitchen & W/C

25 sq. M

2%

Circulation

100 sq. M

7.5%

Lift and Staircase

36 Sq. M

3%

3 BEDROOM UNIT 1 BEDROOM UNIT

COMMON SPACE 4 BEDROOM UNIT

STAIRS AND LIFT

CIRCULATION

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FLOOR PLANS SIXTH FLOOR PLAN

•

Floor Area – 1250 sq. M

•

Floor To Floor Height – 3 M

•

Floors 6-8 Have The Same Floor Plan Except The Garden

•

RESIDENTIAL UNITS:

1 bedroom units

2 bedroom units

3 bedroom units

total

3

2

3

8

•

COMMUNITY SPACE: Outdoor Amenity Spaces Garden

•

SERVICE SPACES: CORRIDOR EXITS STAIRS Elevators

AREAS 1 Bedroom Unit

230 sq. M

19%

2 Bedroom Unit

200 sq. M

16%

3 Bedroom Unit

350 sq. M

28%

Outdoor Amenity Space

50 sq. M

5%

Garden

230 sq. M

19%

Circulation

115 sq. M

10%

Lift and Staircase

36 Sq. M

3%

3 BEDROOM UNIT 1 BEDROOM UNIT

COMMON SPACE 4 BEDROOM UNIT

STAIRS AND LIFT

CIRCULATION

AMENITY SPACE

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FLOOR PLAN NINTH FLOOR PLAN

•

Floor Area – 1240 sq. M

•

Floor To Floor Height – 3 M

•

Floors 9-11 Have The Same Floor Plan

•

RESIDENTIAL UNITS:

1 BEDROOM UNITS

2 BEDROOM UNITS

3 BEDROOM UNITS

TOTAL

4

4

2

10

•

SERVICE SPACES: CORRIDOR EXITS STAIRS Elevators

AREAS 1 Bedroom Unit

300 sq. M

24%

2 Bedroom Unit

380 sq. M

31%

3 Bedroom Unit

265 sq. M

21%

Balcony

135 sq. M

11%

Circulation

115 sq. M

10%

Lift and Staircase

36 Sq. M

3%

3 BEDROOM UNIT 1 BEDROOM UNIT

COMMON SPACE 4 BEDROOM UNIT

STAIRS AND LIFT

CIRCULATION

BALCONY

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RESIDENTIAL UNIT ANALYSIS

2-BEDROOM UNIT

1-BEDROOM UNIT

3-BEDROOM UNIT

Bedroom

14 sq. M

17%

Bedroom 1

15 sq. M

18%

WC

8 sq. M

10%

Bedroom 2

14 sq. M

17%

Kitchen

8 sq. M

10%

WC

7 sq. M

9%

Balcony

15 sq. M

19%

Kitchen

24 sq. M

29%

Circulation

36 sq. M

44%

Circulation

22 sq. M

27%

1-BEDROOM UNIT

Bedroom

WC

Balcony

Circulation

Kitchen

2-BEDROOM UNIT

Bedroom 1

Bedroom 2

Kitchen

Circulation

WC

4-BEDROOM UNIT

Bedroom 1

14 sq. M

11%

Bedroom 1

12 sq. M

9%

Bedroom 2

11 sq. M

8%

Bedroom 2

14 sq. M

10%

Bedroom 3

17 sq. M

13%

Bedroom 3

15 sq. M

11%

WC 1

7 sq. M

6%

Bedroom 4

11 sq. M

8%

WC 2

7 sq. M

6%

WC 1

6 sq. M

4%

Kitchen

9 sq. M

7%

WC 2

5 sq. M

3%

Balcony

10 sq. M

8%

Kitchen

15 sq. M

11%

Circulation

54 sq. M

41%

Circulation

61 sq. M

44%

3-BEDROOM UNIT

4 BEDROOM UNIT

Bedroom 1

Bedroom 2

Bedroom 3

Bedroom 1

Bedroom 2

Bedroom 3

WC 1

WC 2

Kitchen

Bedroom 4

WC 1

WC 2

Balcony

Circulation

Kitchen

Circulation

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AREA PROGRAMME ANALYSIS AREA DISTRIBUTION ACCORDING TO FUNCTIONS Residential

2410 sq.

M

64%

Balcony

135 sq. M

4%

Garden

230 sq. M

6%

Outdoor Amenity Space

300 sq. M

8%

Indoor Amenity Space Laundry

180 sq. M 65 sq. M

2%

330 sq. M

9%

Lift an staircase

108 sq. M

2%

GROUND FLOOR

Public 34%

Services 6%

Parking 9%

Laundry 2% Indoor Amenity Space 4% Outdoor Amenity Space 7% Garden 5%

Private 53%

Residential 55%

Balcony 3%

FLOOR WISE AREA DISTRIBUTION

Restaurant

230 sq. M

19%

Parking

410 sq. M

33%

Retail Shop

150 sq. M

12%

Services

257 sq. M

21%

Circulation

150 sq. M

12%

36 sq. M

Retail Shop 4%

Restaurant 5%

5%

Circulation

Lift and staircase

Open Spaces 13%

3%

Residential

Balcony

Garden

Outdoor Amenity Space

Indoor Amenity Space

Laundry

Circulation

Lift and staircase

SECOND FLOOR

685 sq. M

-

-

250 sq. M

180 sq. M

65 sq. M

100 sq. M

36 sq. M

SIXTH FLOOR

780 sq. M

-

230 sq. M

50 sq. M

-

-

115 sq. M

36 sq. M

NINTH FLOOR

945 sq. M

135 sq. M

-

-

-

-

115 sq. M

36 sq. M

SECTIONS

TRAINING FACILITY

STAIRS AND LIFT

PARKING

ATRIUM

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ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

60 Richmond Street has a dynamic urban form that brings a green environment into the city without dismantling the urban form. It is also an example of ‘urban permaculture’ and an exploration of the potential of the co-op as a social organization appropriate for the provision of affordable housing.

Green Roof

Cistern

The terrace garden serves multiple purposes: growing produce to be used in the kitchen, providing outdoor green space, and helping cool and cleanse the air.

Garden

Green Wall

Natural lighting

The innovative rainwater collection system used to irrigate the gardens,All the storm water gets collected in the cistern and then ,The kitchen garden, as well as the building’s green walls, are irrigated.

Compost from the kitchen is also re-used in the vegetable garden to help with organic urban farming. It also helps in waste management as all the waste from restaurant is used in garden.

It also creates a open outdoor space.

An atrium running the height of the building provides light and ventilation.it also helps bringing natural light and air into corridors that are more typically landlocked.

Passive ventilation

Atrium

The green wall gets irrigated by Rainwater collection, and then it helps in cooling the residential units. And creates healthy environment for people sitting in garden and amenity space.

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SOCIAL AND ECONOMIV SUSTAINABILITY •

One of the main goals for this project was to create a housing co-op for hospitality workers that would be economical to build and maintain. That’s why social spaces dedicated to food and its production were integrated into the design. The ground floor features a resident-owned and operated restaurant and training kitchen. Further, there’s a kitchen garden on the sixth-floor terrace that supplies the residents with organicallygrown vegetables, fruit, and herbs to use.

•

With an affordable, socially responsible model of renting and building management, the co-op residents are part of a community where neighbors look out for one another and make collective decisions that benefit all residents. For example, the resident-run restaurant and training kitchen on the ground floor provide supplementary income and additional experience for the residents. The community garden on the sixth-floor terrace helps residents engage with each other and build skills and a sense of community.

•

NAK Design Strategies worked with Teeple Architects to design building spaces incorporating a mix of indoor and outdoor food production spaces linked by a system of urban permaculture. The project’s ability to combine a high level of design with affordability achieved multiple design awards, including Best New Residential Building in Toronto, while cutting-edge sustainable strategies helped the project earn a LEED Gold certification.

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CLIMATE ANALYSIS In Toronto, Canada's largest city and the capital of Ontario, the climate is continental, with very cold winters and warm summers. Although the city is located in the south of the country, winter is cold because the North American continent cools down a lot, and outbreaks of polar air masses are frequent. However, being that it is exposed to different types of air masses, jumps in temperature are frequent. Fog is fairly common at night and in the early morning, all year round, especially in rural areas around the city.

The Average temperature ranges from -5.5 in January to 21.5 in July.

3 – Extreme Hot 2 – Hot 1 – Warm 0 – Comfortable -1 – Cool -2 - Cold -3 – Extreme cold

Window to wall Ratio An ideal ratio of 40 percent high-performance glazing and 60 percent solid exterior wall will ensure energy efficiency.

The building is design with a 60/40 ratio of walls to windows providing ample daylight to all residents of the building while also acting as a passive design strategy to achieve a LEED Gold rating in energy savings. Each window uses a fiber-glass glazing with Low-E, argon-filled, warm edge spacers that optimize thermal breaks and provide a passive design strategy that easily heats and cools the building.

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LANDSCAPING( GARDEN) Green Roof One of the biggest aspects of the project are the gardens perfusions Created on different level of the Building. Each garden helps in helps in insulating the Building and also creates a Community Space for People living there.

•

These Gardens Brings green environment into the city without dismantling the urban form. It is also an example of ‘urban permaculture’

•

•

All roofs on the project are green surfaces, These Green Roofs Serves many purposes.

These Green helps in reducing the Carbon Footprint which makes the environment healthy.

Also ,these roofs insulates the building.

Which makes the building energy efficient and these green roofs also have tendency to absorb storm water and diminish Heat Island Effect.

Landscaped Areas Roof Garden

1200 SQ. M

Garden at sixth Floor

160 SQ. M

Garden at Second Floor

24 SQ. M

Green Wall

200 sq . M on East wall

Green Roof

Garden at second and sixth Floor •

•

Garden at 6th Floor

A generous outdoor terrace on the sixth floor includes two elevated garden plots that will be irrigated by storm water from the roofs and nourished with composted kitchen waste. The architects describe the gardens as part of what they call an “urban permaculture” cycle–a full ecosystem in miniature One courtyard on the second floor sits next to the building’s meeting rooms.

From there, the atrium cascades up to the top of the 11-story tower – lined with trellises that will eventually be filled with climbing vines.

Green Roof detail

Garden

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ATRIUM 60 Richmond’s one of the main component is an Atrium, which stretches up to building height. To make the building energy efficient and Create a sense of unity, Atrium has been introduced into the building. It affects the indoor comfort , heat transfer through building and ventilation. It is one the main feature that helps in passive Strategies.

Ventilation

Atrium

•

During the daytime, sunlight penetrates the Atrium, and light ups the Atrium with natural light and also provides thermal comfort.

•

On each floor, window-equipped hallways ring the openings, Atrium brings natural light and air into corridors that are more typically landlocked. “Every time you move through the hallways, you get a reference to this common social space,” says architect Stephen Teeple. “You’re always reminded that it’s there.” The reverse is also true–from the courtyard, residents can glimpse their neighbors moving through the building.

•

One courtyard on the second floor sits next to the building’s meeting rooms. From there, the atrium cascades up to the top of the 11-story tower – lined with trellises that will eventually be filled with climbing vines.

•

Stacked ventilation occurs by the difference in densities of air within an area. Internal hot air rises to the upper levels and escapes through opening of the ceiling and cold air enters the atrium through lower openings to achieve a well-ventilated microclimate.

•

In hot conditions, stack effect ventilation happens in the large volume of the atrium to constantly cool down the atrium. This effect enhances during hot days when hot air rises rapidly and speed up the air exchange rate creating a vertical pressure gradient within the atrium.

•

Stack effect ventilation draws in continuous cool air into the building at Second floor as they push out warm air through the top.

•

This increases the thermal comfort level and improves the air flow throughout the building.

As a result, it reduces excessive use of active energy sources thus making it a more energy efficient.

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM & MATERIALITY

Rainscreen cladding:

Structural System • •

The Structural System of the building is Rcc framed Structure.

Rectangular Column Size = 450 X 1200 mm

•

the entire building is wrapped in an insulated rainscreen cladding that eliminates thermal bridging, with high-end fibreglass window frames to complete the envelope.

•

This façade system reduces condensation and humidity coming both from inside and outside the building and the continuous circulation of air inside the air cavity works as an extra protection layer.

Backing wall

Vapour control layer

Structure

insulation Rainscreen Panel

https://proteusfacades.com/benefits-of-rainscreen-cladding/

https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/energy-efficiency/

https://www.luxwindows.com/glass-performance/energy-savings/

Fiberglass glazing: • • Columns

Fiberglass window and door frames are essentially composed of glass fibers and resin, materials that expand and contract very little with temperature changes in the weather.

By using glazing selectively rather than opting for the familiar trope of an all-glass condo, the architects foresee significant energy savings in the future.

Floor Plates

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CODAL ANALYSIS

Means of Egress •

Richmond has 2 passages of egress for fire safety. One staircases lead directly to corridors which opens outside the building at the ground floor.

•

Both staircases cover all area of the building with 30 m radius of egress circles.

Egress circle of radius 30m

Staircase

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REFERENCES

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https://medium.com/@nakdesignstrategies/how-sustainable-urban-design-is-brought-to-life-at-60-richmond-street-east-housing-co-operative-d43fd5e10db

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https://issuu.com/teeplearch/docs/60_richmond_booklet

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https://www.bdcnetwork.com/best-canada-12-projects-nab-nations-top-architectural-prize-slideshow

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https://www.nakdesignstrategies.com/projects/60-richmond-street-housing-co-operative/

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