Bang Kachao Site Analysis Pt2

PROJECT 1D : SITE ANALYSIS

CONTENTS



COMMUNITY BACKGROUND A community is what drives the function and planning of architecture. Despite being remote from the site itself, we did various research in order to understand its community background.

Macro Study Population Density Urban Extent Education Employment agencies Marketting Manufacturing Architecture Government Healthcare Hospitality Micro Study Demograph Community Structure Timeline Job Opportunities Economical Activities Evolution Activity Centre Politic Influence Building Regulations Community Issues Development Direction

As a eco-tourism spot near Bangkok, Bang Ka Chao has an interesting community where locals lifestyle has a close interaction with the tourist from local and international.

Chang Chee Yoo Eunice Lim Min Yee Edwin Seng Yong Wei Mohamed Abdirahman Mire

1001746569 1001850009 1001746759 1001747723

macro - population

SITE ANALYSIS: COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

Bangkok Population 2020

10,539,415

2.3%

Average Annual Increase

These estimates represent the Urban agglomeration of

Bangkok, which typically includes Bangkok’s population in addition to adjacent suburban areas.

Population by District

macro - density

SITE ANALYSIS: COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

-1.8%

Average Built-up Area Density Annual Decrease

-1.6%

Average Urban Extent Density Annual Decrease

Built-up Area Density in Bangkok in 2015 was 81 hectare, decreasing at an average annual rate of 2002. The built-up area density in 2002 was 102 hectare, decreasing at an average annual rate of 1988 when the built-up area density was 119.19 hectare.

Built-up Area Density by Districts

persons per -1.8% since persons per -1.1% since persons per

The Urban Extent Density in Bangkok in 2015 was 48 persons per hectare, decreasing at an average annual rate of -1.6% since 2002. The urban extent density in 2002 was 59 persons per hectare, decreasing at an average annual rate of -0.4% since 1988 when the urban extent density was 62 persons per hectare.

SITE ANALYSIS: COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

macro - urban extent 1988 TOOL NAME

Urban Extent

Urban Built-up

Exurban Area

Suburban Built-up

Exurban Built-up

2002 TOOL NAME

Rural Open Space

Rural Open Space

Exurban Open Space

Rural Built-up Urbanized Open Space

The Urban Extent of Bangkok in 2015 was 294,462 hectares, increasing at an average annual rate of 4.8% since 2002. The urban extent in 2002 was 157,018 hectares, increasing at an average

annual rate of 3.5% since 1988, when its urban extent was 96,925 hectares.

2015 TOOL NAME

macro - education

SITE ANALYSIS: COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

macro - employment agencies

SITE ANALYSIS: COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

Thailand Unemployment Rate (1999-2019)

64%

workforce at informal sector Street vendors, torbike-taxi and

mo-

drivers

“informal”

la-

bourers comprised 64% of the workforce in

2013 are largely are counted as being employed.

macro - marketing

SITE ANALYSIS: COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

macro -manufacturing

SITE ANALYSIS: COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

macro - architecture

SITE ANALYSIS: COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

macro - government

SITE ANALYSIS: COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

macro - health

SITE ANALYSIS: COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

macro - hospitality

SITE ANALYSIS: COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

bang ka chao community

The community of Bangkajao is a mixed society of farmers, contractors, and civil servants. Most than half of the households live in this area for more than 40 years. Villagers live in a natural environment along the canal.

Although being a popular tourism spot, the land remains rather undeveloped in order to preserve the greenland. Therefore the community here is not crowded.

01

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

9

villages

1830 household

Bang Ka Chao Total Area =2.98 sq.km Household density=400,44/sq.km Population density=1129.32/sq.km

48% 5161 total population

52%

demography According to the Civil Registration Act 2017, it was stated that Bang Ka Chao subdistrict has a total of 9 villages, 1830 household and 5161 if total population.

Due to large area of unoccupied land,the population density

of Bang Ka Chao is rather low, hitting only 1129 people per square kilometer. (Kuala Lumpur is 3,400 per square kilometer)

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

community structure timeline

population & households (1993-2017)

Before 2005, the white and green area is not allowed to construct buildings.

Therefore, human population and household count growth is redundant

In 2005, the law is loosen and single house of no more than 200 square meters can be built, causing a increase of household as well as population

age structure (1993-2017) Due to the reduced birth rate of the locals,

As the population of Bang

years) is slowly decreasing.

of aging. It is import-

total percentage of children population (<4

Due to the low birth rate in the area, population shows decrease however household still continue to grow as the government once again loosen the land law for construction

Whereas elderly (>60 years) percentage tends to increase between 1993-2017 due to the result of

Ka Chao is showing sign ant to consider elderâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s need when designing

medical advancement that lengthen the average life span of the villagers.

total

982

100%

elderly

1993

population timeline

2017

household timeline

50%

elderly adult children

0% 1993

for 500 people for 200 households

2001

2009

2017

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

job opportunity in bang ka chao Chang Chee Yoo 1001746569

Logistic/Transport

Transport

Most of the people in Bang Ka Chao are engaged transportation indus-

40

try that offer versatile and cost effective relocation services as well as travelling medium for the travellers.

%

Factory Workers As the Bang Ka Chao is close to Bangkok which has industrial and

commercial zones around, many lo-

cals get to work in industrial factory.

Agriculture Agriculture

20

%

In the past, agriculture used to be the main source of income for

Bang Ka Chao. After the lost of mineral in soil due to dam con-

30

struction. As a result, only a very limited amount of fruits that

can adapt to this harsh condition

%

left in Bang Ka Chao.

7%

Factory Workers Trading/Others

Civil Servants

3%

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

economical activities evolution

past : agriculture In the past, the majority of the population

were gardening. The main income of the first

agriculture

period was generated by fruit orchards that produces fruits like orange, banana and coconut.

After suffering a serious salt water flood

back in 1995, the soil loses its minerals

and soil condition become harsh for agriculture. After the incident, only a few variety of fruits can still be planted.

cultural appreciation

trading

now : agrotourism As Thailand culture start to bloom in the 20th, the

country get a lot international recognition for its rich culture and led to the rocket growth of tourism activity

bicycle rental

in Thailand.

accomodation

Since then, the economic model of this area started to

transformed into agrotourism. Trading activities in Bang Ka Chao start to expand, as more consumers from both lo-

cals and international tourist.

What follows is the transportation service and accomoda-

tion industry in response to the growth in agrotourism.

Almost every major docks around Bang Ka Chao has a bicy-

cle rental point or a homestay/hotel nearby

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

activity centre

Sri Nakhon Khuan Khan Park Siamese fighting fish gallery

Bang Nam Pheung floating market

cycling tour

floating market

fish farming

@ Sri Nakhon Khuan Khan Park

@ Bang Nam Pheung floating market

@ Siamese fighting fish gallery

Biking is a big draw

On Saturdays and Sun-

It is the the only Sia-

ist can rent a bike

is home to the Bang Nam

lery in the world. The

in Bang Krachao. Tourfrom the pier and ride for about 2km to

Sri

days , Phra Pradaeng Pheung floating market.

Nakhon Khuan Khan Park

Tourist can buy many

attraction in the Bang

and souveniors from the

which is the biggest Ka Chao.

fruits, local delicacy local merchants.

mese Fighting Fish GalSiamese fighting fish is

a popular species of freshwater

aquarium

fish. They are known for

their beauty and wide range of colors.

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

Based of the graph, we can

know that most tourism activity happen over the weekend.

sunday

saturday

friday

thursday

wednesday

tuesday

monday

average daily bike rental count

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

parks & garden In Bang Ka Chao, the local agencies are actively promoting its agriculture and

rich ecosystem as an attraction for tourism. Thus, various of parks and garden

with a spectrum of flora and fauna can be found around Bang Ka Chao.

Sri Nakhon Khuean Khan Park

The most iconic park in Bang Ka Chao is

Sri Nakhon Khuean Khan Park which is only 2km away from our site. it is an ide-

al place to enjoy fresh air, leisure and

exercise as well as to study the ecosystem which includes hundreds species of plants and animals.

The park is also widely known among bird lovers as an excellent place for bird watching.

scale scale 11 :: 10000 50000

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

Punntara Botanic Home

accomodation No tourist spot is complete without comfortable accommodations and Bang Krachao offers a few choices for its visitors as well.

Most homestays and hotels are located near the river to get an oasis view. The closest hotel to our site is Punttara Botanic Home. From Punttara, the guest can grab

the bikes directly from Bang Ka Chao pier and ride up the park.

scale scale 11 :: 10000 50000

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

eatery spots Being a popular tourist destination, Bang

Krachao boasts a selection of eatery spots that serve a delectable array of local Thai food to visiting tourists

The staple food in most eatery spots would include fried carbs and spicy soups.

Tourists can often spot main dishes such as fried rice and noodles, with sides of tomyum and pork.

Most of the eateries are located near the biking routes, thirsty cyclers can grab drinks and food easily along the trip.

scale scale 11 :: 10000 50000

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

subdistrict administration

preservation

Bang Ka Chao is one of the 6 sub-districts under

Despite being an infamous tourism spot, Bang Ka

tion oďŹ&#x192;ce, Bang Ka Chao Subdistrict Administra-

ly as sky-rise buildings and commercial factories

Phra Pradaeng District. The substrict administra-

Chao still remain rather undeveloped commercial-

tion Organization is located in Soi Rat Rangsan,

are not allowed to be constructed.

site and about 6.5 kilometers away from Phra Pra-

This is the result by the effort of the Thai roy-

approximately 2 kilometers away from the project daeng District OďŹ&#x192;ce.

als, government and non-government agencies in

order to preserve the nature and culture of the district.

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

politics influence in of bang ka chao

“Let’s preserve this green area.

Do not build anything beyond the limits of the law. Promote integrated farming and forests.

Every party should take part in the renovation of Sri Nakorn Khuean Khan Park to ensure the necessary benefit for tourism and create a natural classroom for young people.”

1977 The Cabinet passed a town

regulation to conserve green

-Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn

1982-1987

areas in Bangkak Chao. This

Between 1982 and 1987,

building, factory and modern

mibol Adulyadej often

act does not allow any tall village. Thus most of the

area has been used for residences and farms.

His Majesty King Bhurode in a helicopter

over Bang Kachao. His

2003

Majesty remarked that

In 2003, 148 rai was

preserved as a green

and botanical park. His

the spot should be

area and the lungs of the city.

turned into a public

Majesty gave it the name “Sri Nakhon Khuean Khan

Park”, after the ancient

name of the place. It has been under the continual supervision of the Office of Royal Projects, Department of Forestry.

2006 Princess Maha Chakri Sir-

indhorn visited the central

2013-2020

garden project area and

Together with Chaipattana Founda-

the people to help preserve

the Department of Forestry, Ka-

expressed a royal wish for the original area and do

not allow more construction than the law. Her highness also promoted ecotourism

and encourages mixed plan-

tation to preserve the ecosystem.

tion, the Office of Royal Projects, setsart University’s Faculty of

Forestry and other agencies, PTTEP launched the “Forest Restoration for Eco-Learning at Sri Nakhon

Khuean Khan Park Project” for eight years (2013-2020).

The ecological restoration of Bang

Kachao forest is an ongoing mission that will run until 2020.

building regulations of bang ka chao minimum 2m from other land

Ministerial Regulation No. 37 (B.E. 2535.)

Building Control Act 2522 B.E. No person is allowed to construct the following building: 1) A single-house building not taller than 12 meters. More than 4 meters and not less than 2 meters from the other land.

proposed building 3m off the middle road (if road is less than 6m)

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

6m from river

2. Dam, drainage pipe, fence, bridge gate that does not enter the Chao Phraya River area.

Cutting large plots is not allowed, except for building which are constructed before the issue of rule by His Majesty.

taller than 15m

less than 15m

factory more than 5 horsepower

port

not entering the Chao Phraya River

commercial building unless has replacement

use for business

minimum 2 meter distance from green space

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

community issue in bang ka chao

traďŹ&#x192;c jam and lack parking spaces

late night cycling sparks insecurities

garbage piling up in the village

dissaperance of orchards

losing business opportunity to outsiders

Although flea market is gen-

When people cycling past

Garbage problems in Bang Kra-

Bang Ka Chao use house many

The business from bicycle

for many families during the

night, it made the locals

tling tourism, the authority

as, oranges, grapefruit and

from the locals. Most bicycle

erating additional income weekend.

However, there was a traďŹ&#x192;c

jam in the community and some areas were cleared into parking spaces.

the villagers house at late feel insecure as they might

think it is robber trying to enter their house

chao As a result of the busand agencies has to organise

campaign to clean up the mess left by tourist

orchards that plant banan-

coconut. However, due to the construction of Chainat and

Bhuminol Dam, minerals in the soil are losing out and not suitable for fruits plantation, causes the dissapearance of many orchards.

rental is being taken away

guides are outsiders. Income

went outside, not circulating in the community. This causes a dispute from the villages towards cyclers.

SITE ANALYSIS : COMMUNITY BACKGROUND

development direction of bang ka chao

+ tourism experience

+ eco-learning

+ local culture

+ flood management

+ transportation network

Promote the Bang Ka Chao area to be a park Living Museum let people come in to experience and learn life with people In an area consistent with the concept of shared dependency

There is promotion of agriculture into agricultural learning center, including the processing of locla products to be a creative economy

Promote activities, traditions and cultures that area unique to the area to preserve and form a strong foundation for the comunity

Manage flood and drainage problems by giving importance to participation between government and private sector in order to respond to flooding and drainage problem well

To connect Bang Ka Chao to the local transportation system to support tourists to enter the area and the market from the existing transportation network

PROJECT 1D : SITE ANALYSIS

06

TRANSPORTATION CIRCULATION “Circulation: movement through space” — FRANCIS DK CHING IN ARCHITECTURE: FORM, SPACE & ORDER

CONTENTS Macro Study Public Transportation and Road Networking Time travel and Schedule of Transportation Around Site Micro Study Road Network Pedesterian and Cycling Pathway Water and Public Transportation Road Accessibility Distance and Time Travel Around Site

In architecture, the concept of circulation isn’t so different - it refers to the way people, the blood of our buildings, move through space.

Zharif Ramli Dinnesh Shaun Lai Hui Ling Lim Kai Xuan

1001745480 1001644463 1001746890 1001747336

SITE SITE ANALYSIS ANALYSIS :: TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION // CIRCULATION CIRCULATION

macro there are 2 types of public transportation found within the 5km radius which are buses and water taxis. an estimate of 6 bus stations are found within the proximity whereas there are these 8 jetties that directly transport us to the site.

There is only one major road towards the land that links the minor roads to the site. due to the land being located from the city, lack of public infrastructure is common here.

major road minor road water taxi bus site bridge

SITE SITE ANALYSIS ANALYSIS :: TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION // CIRCULATION CIRCULATION

BTS Commuter line Sukhumvit RD BTS Commuter line Rama IV RD Mae Nam Railway Station

travel distance The circulation to the site is unique due to the river disecting the main site towards the city center at the opposite.The easiet access to the site from the city is through the waterway or ferry way across the river but accessing it through vehicles would require a longer distance travelled to get to the only bridge connecting the cape to the other side of the river.

The main road and secondary ones are flowing in both directions therefore reducing the need of an abundance of street connections. The site itself is considered rural as public infrastructures such as train station as buses are not present nearby except the other side of the river.

The site however has a jetty present nearby thus providing access through the river as well as a bike renting service.

Estimation from Suvarnabhumi Int. Airport Waterway

Bhumibol 1 bridge

Using vehicles will take 1 hour and 15 minutes

Main Highway Secondary roadway

Using public transport would take around 1 hour by train but would require vehicular travel to get to the site

SITE ANALYSIS : TRANSPORTATION / CIRCULATION

road network Showing the relation and road distribution in micro site.

There are consist of highway, main road which allow the car to pass through and secondary road which only accessible for bike.

BANG KRACHAO PIER GROUND (VEGETATION) GROUND (CONCRETE) BUILDING RIVER HIGHWAY MAIN ROAD

scale 1 : 10000

SECONDARY ROAD

SITE ANALYSIS : TRANSPORTATION / CIRCULATION

bicycle and pedestrian pathway Bicycle pathway is more concentrate in Bang Krachao as there is having bicycle tour for tourist to enjoy cycling and natural environment around the island.

Besides, pedestrian pathway is only can be found out at the center of Bang Krachao which is the Sri Nakhon Khuean Khan Park And Botanical Garden.

Sri Nakhon Khuean Khan Bang Krachao Pier Ground (vegetation) Ground (concrete) Building River Bicycle pathway Pedestrian pathway

scale 1 : 10000

SITE ANALYSIS : TRANSPORTATION / CIRCULATION

water and public transportation The bus station and mrt station is present at the Khlong Toei city so it is more convenience to get reach to every corner of the city.

Khlo

ng T oei

Raft

House

The bicycle activities is more popular at Bang Krachao. People can cross the river by water taxi and rent the bicycle from the Bang Krachao piers.

Pier

River tour is available to visit the viewpoint along the riverside by boat.

Pier

Ba

ng

Kr

ac

ha

o

Pi

er

Bang Krachao Pier Bike rental

Ground (vegetation)

Boat

Ground (concrete)

Water taxi

Building

Piers Bus station

scale 1 : 10000

River Public transportation

SITE ANALYSIS : TRANSPORTATION / CIRCULATION

road visibility Road light can be access in most of the mainroad but less in Bang Kachao as Bang Kachao is spot for fire flies watching at night.

Less parking are able to seen around Bang Kachao site as most of the car and bike park at the roadside.

BANG KRACHAO PIER GROUND (VEGETATION) GROUND (CONCRETE) BUILDING RIVER HIGHWAY ROAD LIGHT

scale 1 : 10000

PARKING

SITE ANALYSIS : TRANSPORTATION / CIRCULATION

distance and time travel around site The only way to travel from Bang Kachao to town area of Bangkok is boat. The mode of travel within Bang Kachao is 100m = 1 min 1km

= 2 min

1km

= 2 min

100m 200m 300m 400m 500m 600m 700m 800m 900m 1000m

BANG KRACHAO PIER GROUND (VEGETATION) GROUND (CONCRETE) BUILDING RIVER ROAD

scale 1 : 10000

REFERENCE LINE

PROJECT 1D : SITE ANALYSIS

CONTENTS

07

REGIONAL STYLE

Introduction Regional Style Zoning Building Styles Material Zoning Timber and Concrete Hybrid Concrete Houses Timber Houses Elevation of Main Road

Traditional Thai house architecture clearly expresses the relationship between the life style of Thai people and the natural environment. The different regional environment, culture and local traditions have a big influence on the architecture of Thai houses Angela Nsa Ndong Cámara 1001746160

Dea Tanneysa Aileen 1001850182

Nif’aa Mohamed Nazeef 1001852623

Tan Jia Xun 1001851636

SITE ANALYSIS : MACRO STUDY

INTRODUCTION Regional styles of architecture in Thailand have developed over

the centuries and are a product not only of climate and location but have adapted to meet the needs of the local populations and their principal means of making a living.

The vast majority of Thais are Buddhist but animist beliefs

that are millennia old have a great influence on almost every aspect of daily life and building design and construction is no exception.

Traditional architecture in every region is well designed for tropical weather with sharply sloping roofs to quickly channel off rainwater, which is often collected and stored for future use, and the use of natural building materials wherever possible to keep the dwelling cool.

In the south, with frequent storms and torrential downpours,

houses are typically built on much more substantial supporting columns, today often of concrete, with narrower window spaces and lower gabled roofs. In the south, as indeed in all regions,

the house almost invariably faces north, so that the roof surface, even at midday, doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t receive direct sunlight.

SITE ANALYSIS:REGIONAL STYLE

architecture style zoning

SITE ANALYSIS : MACRO STUDY

religious buildings

traditional style

The elements speak volumes about a building itself, revealing its

Characteristics of the tradional style include steeply-sloping tile roofs with up turned edges, open air spaces and lush gardens, mostly built above the ground on high posts and made with local material

vintage and regional identity. Curving design appears in sev-

eral parts of the structures in the temples such as the arched

roof,thick at the base and thin at the top, walls and pillars lean toward the centre of the structure, whitewashed stucco walls,

small windows, two or three-tiered roofs, curved pediments and naga lintels over the doors and steps.

SITE ANALYSIS : MACRO STUDY

contemporary and modern style

floating houses

There are varieties of types: lodging, residence, shop houses, hotels, resorts and institution buildings such as government offices and educational institutes, etc.

Highlight large plate glass walls or windows. They also tend to use a variety of other natural or organic materials, such as metal, concrete, wood, and stone, free-form shapes.

western residential style These features include large, open porches with overhanging beams and rafters, dormers, and a tall, pointed roof with one or more gables. They use traditional building materials such as brick, wood, plaster, stucco, and stone.

SITE ANALYSIS : MICRO STUDY

scale 1 : 10000

timber and concrete hybrid houses

SITE ANALYSIS : MICRO STUDY Some of the houses exhibit both timber and concrete as

their main building material. These 2 storey houses have concrete as their lower floor and timber as the top floor.

characteristics roofing

HIPPED ROOF

GABLE ROOF

ORNAMENTAL ROOF

Commonly used roofing materials include:

CORRUGATED ZINC PANELS

CONCRETE TILES

raised floor level Traditional Thai houses were raised on stilts to protect the house from harsh

weather conditions and wild animals.

This also created a space below the house for daily work.

Houses with reinforced concrete are an-

The normally open terrace area in traditional buildings are enclosed within the concrete walls and the space is airconditioned nullifying the need for the cross ventilation

chored to the ground in concrete blocks and mortar. Some houses still have a small

platform to still avoid any occurrences of flooding.

SITE ANALYSIS : MICRO STUDY

timber and concrete hybrid houses exterior finishes

Houses feature a modern style mostly, however, some of the houses exhibit traditional ornamental features. Almost all the houses have timber panels on the top floor and plain coloured walls.

TIMBER PANELS

KALAE ON THE ROOF

PAINTED WALLS

ventilation Since traditional Thai houses were raised on stilts, it

catches winds of higher velocity, making the area beneath the house cooler. The

house has larger windows and more open spaces allowing in

more air for efficient cross ventilation

However, since these houses are

anchored to the ground, there is very minimal natural ventilation.

Concrete does not have as low thermal capacity as timber, so

this further heats up the building. This requires for mechanical

ventilation, hence most of these houses have air conditioning

reinforced concrete houses

SITE ANALYSIS : MICRO STUDY Bang Krachao is a popular retreat for wealthy Bangkoki-

ans during the weekend, so a lot of them built houses here so that they can come and stay over. Most of these houses are more modern and made of reinforced concrete.

characteristics roofing

HIPPED ROOF

GABLE ROOF

contemporary style The houses are less ornate, opting for a more elegant and minimalistic exterior. They feature a terrace area and balconies on the top floor.

The normally open terrace area in traditional buildings are enclosed within the concrete walls and the space is airconditioned nullifying the need for the cross ventilation

SITE ANALYSIS : MICRO STUDY

reinforced concrete houses fence

These concrete houses have an open space around it that is en-

closed by a fence or a low wall. These are built from concrete, wood, steel or a combination of them.

ORNAMENT ON STEEL GATE

DECORATIVE

CONCRETE FENCE

CONCRETE AND TIMBER FENCE

exterior finishes

SYNTHETIC STONE CLADDING

CERAMIC/PORCELAIN TILES

WOOD CLADDING

The houses are monochromatic, featuring mostly beige, warm colours that enhances the elegance of the house without being too distracting.

SITE ANALYSIS : MICRO STUDY

timber houses

Some of the houses exhibit both traditional and modern

architecture as their building style. this combination is

showing in the characteristic of the buildings. Teak was the commonly used type of wood in Thailand, but since its expensive,

people opted for cheaper versions. Teak or bamboo became a material used by the wealthy

characteristics roofing Roofs are the quintessential elements in Thai public

architecture, shaping the character of the buildings with their elaborate structure and decoration.

DUTCH GABLE ROOF

GABLE ROOF

ORNAMENTAL ROOF

Commonly used roofing materials include:

The houses in Shoutern Thailand are often feature Malay influenced elements such as painted fretwork and hipped roofs descended from colonial architecture.

TERRACOTTA TILES

CORRUGATED IRON

SITE ANALYSIS : MICRO STUDY

timber houses

stilts Normally high pillars or

stilts are for Regular rain-induced floods during the wet season to make it necessary for people

in the central plains to live on high stilts. to stay above the water during floods.

The

stilts

itself

has

two shape which are round shaped

pillars and redented rectangular

pillars. Round shaped pillars are made of large timber that comes

in a long, round shape. While Redented rectangular pillars were

made smaller angles, giving a curved look.

ornamental decorations The ornament that placed on top

of the roof is a symbolises the distincsive culture of northern Thailand.

It made from a timber and

it represent the horns of the water buffalo.

The use of ornamented roof tiers is not only for traditional houses but also for temples, palaces and important public buildings.

Some of the ornaments from

traditional houses have some religious symbolism.

SITE ANALYSIS : MICRO STUDY

Timber Houses

Colors hold high significance in Thai culture, most Thais

register a deep connection between colors and the ideas associated with them.

vivid colours of the building

The color red, or vermilion, signifies power and sacredness. Yellow is significant in Buddhism; the color expresses sacredness and also prosperity and wealth and blue, a cool tone color, gives a feeling of calmness.

most of the simple timber houses in Thailand, have a

strong vivid colour in every houses. The colours that are most commonly seen are blue, green, and red.

SITE ANALYSIS : MICRO STUDY

elevation of the main road (main road from site: soi wat rat rangsan)

BIBLIOGRAPHY Historical Timeline

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a Tropical Urban Forest in the Bang Kachao Peninsula, Bangkok.

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Jintamas Saksornchai .(2019, April 12). “Govt Moves to Protect Bangkok’s

Famed ‘Green Lung”. Retrieved from https://www.khaosodenglish.com/ news/bangkok/2019/03/28/govt-moves-to-protect-bangkoks-famed-green-

Thangtam, Jamroon Srichaichana. (2018, Jan). Ecological Structure of

Ammaj Khaokhrueamuang, The Characteristics of Agricultural Practices in Bang KAchao Area, the Bangkok Metropolitan Fringe

lung/

Sri Nakhon Khuean Khan Park, Ecological Forest Restoration.

Kyle Hulme. (2017, Nov 17).Bang Krachao: Exploring Bangkok’s Hidden

ecological-forest-restoration

Jungle Oasis. Retrieved from https://theculturetrip.com/asia/thailand/ articles/bang-krachao-exploring-bangkoks-hidden-jungle-oasis/

Retrieved from: http://www.suansri-bangkachao.com/en/home/lesson2/

Sri Nakhon Khuean Khan Park, Activities. Retrieved from: http://www. suansri-bangkachao.com/en/home/lesson1/activities

Supoj Wancharoen. (2014, Nov). A biodiversity challenge at an

endangered reserve. Retrieved from: https://www.bangkokpost.com/

thailand/general/443472/a-biodiversity-challenge-at-an-endangeredreserve

Terry Fredrickson, (2014 Nov). “Bioblitz” to save Bang Kachao.

Retrieved from: https://www.bangkokpost.com/learning/learningnews/441114/bioblitz-to-save-bang-kachao#:~:text=A%20total%20 of%20675%20fauna,yesterday%2C%20an%20environmental%20group%20 says.&text=Bang%20Kachao%2C%20in%20Samut%20Prakan’s%20Phra%20

Pradaeng%2C%20is%20well,known%20for%20its%20natural%20resources.

BIBLIOGRAPHY Landscape & Environment

Landuse

Dr. Kallaya Suntornvongsagul. (2017). Bang Kachao Urban

Chalatip Chaiyasal and Sirikon Kanchanasunthon. (2017).

Green space of Bangkok are Losing. Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre [Public Organisation] and Naresuan University. Reterived from: http://www.socsci. nu.ac.th/socant2017/downloads/proceeding/017.pdf

Forest. Retrievd from: https://www.researchgate.net/ publication/321071352_Bang_Kachao_Urban_Forest birdfinding.info. Bang Kachao, Samut Prakan, Bangkok. Retrieved

from:https://www.birdfinding.info/thailand-bang-kachao/countours.

Bang Kachao. Retrieved from:https://contours.axismaps. com/#15/13.7010/100.5643

topographic-map.com. Bang Kachao. Retieved from:https://en-gb. topographic-map.com/maps/zrb/Malaysia/

Max Tsvetkov (Jan 2020). Street View [Bang Ka

Chao]. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/map s/@13.7037926,100.5621874,3a,75y,151.44h,83.93t/

C. Suriyachan. (2008). Urban Greening through Ecovillages Design: A Case Study of Bang Krachao. Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. Retrieved from: http://frc.forest. ku.ac.th/frcdatabase/bulletin/Document/6.Volume8-3-SURIYACHAN.pdf Robert Levy and Paul Przyborski. (2014). Bang Kachao: Bangkok’s Green Lung. EOS Project Science Office at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.Retrieved from: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/85382/bang-kachao-bangkoks-green-lung European Space Agency. (2019). Bangkok’s green lung. ESA,CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO Retrieved from https://www.flickr.com/photos/ europeanspaceagency/40468870113 KungBaKachao. (2019). Kung Bang Ka Chao Community Information Set Land use data. PTT Public Company Limited. Retrieved from https://www.khungbangkachao.com/Research/PdfView?id=6350b9ac-0ff7-403e-9a8b-c5e70ff8af8a

BIBLIOGRAPHY Community Background

Transportation & Circulation

PTTEP.(2017)Kung Bang Ka Chao Community Information SetDemographic data, occupation, income and expenses. Retrieved from, https://www.khungbangkachao.com/Research/ResearchView?id=3e095dc6-ab1a-409a-97d1-d5e47bb8424e

Ceil Miller Bouchet, The New York Times (June 14, 2013).

Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/16/travel/ escaping-to-bangkoks-green-lung.html

PTTEP. (Retrieved by 16 July 2020) Sustainable Development: Natural Classroom at Sri Nakhon Khuean Khan Park. Retrieved from, https://www.pttep.com/en/Sustainabledevelopment/Csr/ Bangkachao.aspx Chalathip Chaisali and Sirikon K. (2017) Bangkok Lungs are Dissapering. Retrieved from, http://www.socsci.nu.ac.th/ socant2017/downloads/proceeding/017.pdf.

Krul, K. (n.d.). Preserving Bang Krachao’s Green Space through Agriculture. Retrieved from Asia in Focus: https:// d1rkab7tlqy5f1.cloudfront.net/TBM/Over%20faculteit/Afdelingen/Multi-Actor%20Systems/People/Researchers/kees-krul.pdf Atlas of Urban Expansion. (2016). Bangkok. Retrieved from Atlas of Urban Expansion: http://www.atlasofurbanexpansion. org/cities/view/Bangkok FERNQUEST, J. (2015, February 4). Why Thailand’s unemployment rate is ridiculously low. Retrieved from Bangkok Post: https://www.bangkokpost.com/learning/advanced/466226/ why-thailand-unemployment-rate-is-ridiculously-low Phongsathon Kapmanee(14 August 2014). Bang Krachao: What happened in the forest in the middle of the city? Retrieved from, https://www.citizenthaipbs.net/node/5411

Josh (14 April 2019). Bang Krachao (the Green Lung of Bangkok), a Jungle Oasis. Retrieved from https://www.thelostpassport.com/bang-krachao/# Kelly Iverson (2017). A Cycling Guide to Bang Krachao in Bangkok.Retrieved from https://theculturetrip.com/asia/ thailand/articles/a-cycling-guide-to-bang-krachao-in-bangkok/ Korowan R (Mar 27, 2016). Kung Bang Ka Chao Community Database, Phra Pradaeng District, Samut Prakan Province 2015, pp44-75.Retrieved from https://issuu.com/kwangraspberri/ docs/2016-03-31 Mark Wiens (2017). Bang Krachao– Bike Tour of Bangkok’s Green Lung.Retrieved from https://migrationology.com/bangkrachao-bangkok-bike-tour/ Ptt (2017). Khung Bang Kachao. Retrived from https://www. khungbangkachao.com/Home/knowledge

Studio ARIA July 2020