Collective Ensemble (2018) | Urban Design Studio B

collective ensemble stitching together a new mixed neighbourhood in feijenoord VOLUME 2

collective ensemble OPPORTUNISTIC URBANISM 2018 // URBAN DESIGN STUDIO B// AUDREY LEONORE LOPEZ

1 2 3 introduction

introduction // studio brief // themes, dutch urbanism agenda // thesis development, thought-process

thematic explorations

thematic readings, media & concepts// precedents // lecture & workshops //

travel weeks

amsterdam // rotterdam // studio visits & workshops //

4 5 6

collective work

individual work

postscript

feijenoord //overview, overview// agenda, sketches// demographic data, brief, goals, project history, key areas, site development visit, interviews context analysis // collective work// our programmes // collective agenda, housing mix, use mix, project brief public realm, actors & 1km x 1km analysis // collaborators ownership, building & precinct plan// key public realm moves, masterplan, issues & key moments considerations// key neighbourhood issues, current & plan//key moves, future plans masterplan, key masterplan // overall moments strategies, framework conclusion // urban design rules // plot, built form, programme, interface

foreword This publication is a culmination of a semester-long of adventure, thoughtprocesses and design works under Opportunistic Urbanism Studio 2018.

The studio led by Andy Fergus and Katherine Sundermann brought us to the Netherlands for two weeks to explore the process of Dutch Urbanism and the innovative housing developments that emerged as response to the economic crisis. We had a fruitful engagement with the people from Delta Metropolis Association, TU Delft’s EMU faculty, Dutch architects and designers and core characters from our chosen sites.

>DELFT >THE HAGUE

>AMSTERDAM

ZOHO CENTRAL ST

COOL

ROTTERDAM

ALEXANDER

FEIJENOORD KOP VAN Z

1

introduction

introduction // studio brief // themes, dutch urbanism agenda // thesis development, thought-process

introduction The studio Opportunistic Urbanism highlights the “Dutch” approach to building sustainable neighbourhoods on a multi-scalar level. It is comprised of an international travelling component, research and proposed development on three sites within Rotterdam and on one site in The Hague.

The studio is structured around the live research brief established between the research organisation, Deltametropolis and the tutors, Andy and Katherine. The 2018 themes focus on the idea of “De Stad Van De Toekomst” or “The City of the Future.”

discussions about its potential to grow within the context. This is accomplished via an iterative approach to design and by using rules to define the process.

In addition, the studio outcome is supposed to contribute to the Melbourne School of Design (MSD) Melbourne Housing Expo, promoting new ways of thinking about housing and living environments.

The studio aims to redevelop underutilised sites within the two Dutch cities and engage

studio brief This studio aims to engage with the key social and environmental challenges of the 21st century, particularly within the Dutch context.

In response to contemporary challenges such as climate change, the Stad van de Toekomst research project has identified four major themes: climate adaption, energy transition, mobilty transition and the circular economy.

In order to also engage with a more social dimension to the challenges we face now and in the future, we have added three additional themes: the future of work, citizen-led housing and design for all ages. It is expected that each project should engage with at least one of these themes.

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We will explore exemplary renewal projects in Australia and Northern Europe in order see how these seven themes are currently being engaged with.

Rules as a design tool.

Iterative approach to design.

Additionally, there are a number of tools and processes we can draw on that we have called a ‘Dutch approach to urbanism’.

While there is not one singular definition of this approach, we will look at the following processes: Multi-disciplinary approach.

Layer approach.

Working at different scales.

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

Environmental

Economic

Carbon emissions Climate change Environmental

Social Ageing population

Economic

Lack of Social interaction

Automation

Flooding / drought

Migration

Spatial fragmentation Ageing Lack of Waste population connection Lacktoof Gig economy / Marginisation of place interaction Automation Flooding / drought Lack of habitat / casualisation first peoples biodiversity Migration Spatial Pollution fragmentation Lack of Waste Heat island affect connection to Gig economy / Marginisation of place Lack of habitat / casualisation Climate Energy Mobility Circular for Future of peoples Citizen-led firstDesign biodiversity adaption transition transition economy all ages work housing Pollution Carbon emissions Heat island affect Climate change

Climate adaption

Stad van de Toekomst Energy Mobility transition

Circular economy

transition

Future of work

Opportunistic Urbanism

Citizen-led housing

Design for all ages

Stad van de Toekomst Opportunistic Urbanism

Dutch approach to urbanism

Multi-disciplinary approach Long history of engineering and design working Multi-disciplinary together to deal approach with water management and Long history of other challenges. engineering and design working together to deal with water management and other challenges.

Layer approach

Dutch

Think of complex urban environments as a Layerofapproach series layers that transform at different speeds.

Think of complex urban environments as a series of layers that transform at different speeds.

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

Working at Rules as a design different scales approach to urbanism tool

Design at a variety of scales, from the city Working region, toatthe neighbourhood, different scalesto each building and their interfaces.

Design at a variety of scales, from the city region, to the neighbourhood, to each building and their interfaces.

Iterative approach to design

Create flexible Repeat elements frameworks with of the process performative rules ‘Analyse, approach Design, Rules as a design Iterative to guidetool change, Present’ until you to design rather than rigid have a rich design masterplans. solution.elements Create flexible Repeat frameworks with of the process performative rules ‘Analyse, Design, to guide change, Present’ until you rather than rigid have a rich design masterplans.(TOP) KEY ISSUES AND solution.

SCOPE, (BOTTOM) DUTCH APPROACH TO URBANISM

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agenda //thesis development

“Making the diverse neighbourhood of Feijenoord future-resilient through innovative housing models, community-focused initiatives and public realm regeneration.”

Guided by the above-mentioned agenda, the project responds with a multi-scalar approach the urban design problem presented in the context of Feijenoord. Starting from the precinct level where existing, underutilised public spaces are turned into new places of experiences for the community down to the neighbourhood scale of an innovative housing model challenging existing proposal

and norms. Various catalyst projects form the Collective Ensemble along with the other proposed projects in the 1km x 1km site, all united to future-proof Feijenoord.

Key Influencers

Climate-responsive public space regeneration without leading to gentrification-led displacement

TRAVEL PERIOD

Community-led Neighbourhood Development for a Future Resilient Feijenoord

#gentrification #displacement #floodrisks #majoritysocialhousingstock #multiculturalism

#gentrification #socialisolation #floodrisks #necessarygentrification #communitrylandtrust #higherincomehouseholds

• Demographic data analysis

• Site visits

• Initial site analysis

• Interviews with Andy (Feijenoord resident), Clarisse (WeLoveTheCity), Willemijn (Architect/ Urban Designer), and Umut (Student of Willemijn/KCAP)

• Precedent study • Lectures

• Workshops in TU Delft

WEEK 0

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RESEARCH

RESEARCH BOOKLET

Relevant and multi-scalar urbanism

Issues & Considerations

Agenda

PRELIMINARY

START OF SEMESTER

//thought-process

WEEK 1-4

WEEK 5-7

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

Future-proofing Feijenoord through Public Realm Regeneration and Communitydriven Neighbourhood Development

INTERIM PRESENTATION

MID-SEM PRESENTATION

THESIS DEVELOPMENT

ULTIMATUM

Making the diverse neighbourhood of Feijenoord future-resilient through innovative housing models, community-focused initiatives and public realm regeneration.

#necessarygentrification #climateresilience #futureresilience #socialisolation #higherincomehouseholds #intermediaryhousing

#necessarygentrification #climateresilience #futureresilience #socialisolation #higherincomehouseholds #intermediaryhousing #multiculturalism

• Mid-sem presentation critiques

• Interim presentation critiques: setting goal of the project, multiculturalism, involvement of other stakeholders

• Workshop with Mark Jacques of Openwork

• Reflection on the different readings explored during the earlier part of the semester

WEEK 8-10

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

WEEK 11-14

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2

thematic explorations

thematic readings, media & concepts// precedents // lecture & workshops //

thematic readings & media CIVIC COMMONS

Civic Commons Reimagining Our Cities’ Public Assets

Studio Gang Architects (2016) Civic Commons is a booklet on multi-city projects that reactivates the civic assets.

It provides a compelling reimagination of often unnoticed or underutilised public assets such as public buildings, institutions, land, water bodies, and infrastructure into catalyst projects into places and spaces for the community to use, enjoy and explore.

The booklet also discusses the process and

approach to each project and how different stakeholders are involved; a comprehensive toolkit for other cities and communities to adapt.

COMPENDIUM FOR THE CIVIC EONOMY 00:/ (2011) The compendium describes 25 trailblazer projects that emerge in the UK after the global crisis providing diverse lessons on activating the economy of their localities and shared public assets. Civic economies

spaces into purposeful places, approaches flexibly and incrementally, explores collaborative and supportive environment at broader scale and values the bigger impact of the interventions to the society.

are driven by civic entrepreneurs or the protagonists, involves participation beyond collaboration (co-production), funded by mixed type of resources, reutilizes latent

LIVING WITH DIVERSITY IN ROTTERDAM Tersteeg, A.K., G. Bolt & R. van Kempen (2015) The study provides a great overview on the diverse community of Feijenoord and their living experience. It was found that above the diversity of ethnicity, the pull-factor in living in Feijenoord are that it is considered to be a living upgrade, people anticipate future area upgradation, local facilities reflecting the diversity, proximity to social contacts such as family and friends, and the diversity of

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BOOK/RESEARCH

FILM/PODCAST

THEORY/CONCEPT

opportunities to learn. It was also mentioned that there’s a socio-economic divide in the educational facilities and the social network as well people experiencing discrimination when mentioned coming from south of Rotterdam.

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

THE FLEXIBLE CITY Tom Bergevoet, Maarten van Tuijl (2016) The Flexible City is about the innovations that emerge in Europe in response to the limitations of urban expansion. Focusing on four key factors (organizational, financial, legal and spatial), it provides a toolbox on how to develop existing cities to be future-proof, flexible and sustainable overall. Drawing experiences from different case studies across Europe, the book comprehensively

investigates these innovative inner-city projects and provides key learnings that we can adapt in our own cities.

CENTRAL MELBOURNE DESIGN GUIDE City of Melbourne (2018) The urban design guidelines released by the City of Melbourne is a comprehensive reference designing the built environment exploring themes in a multi-scalar approach, from urban structure down to the interfaces

designer in creating a people-scale friendly urban fabric.

and programmes of a building. Despite being a contextually-based guideline, we can learn how these different scales are important and should be carefully considered by every

THE CITY AT EYE LEVEL Stipo Stipo’s The City at Eye Level film series discusses the plinth, the ground floor of a building, as the most crucial part of the public realm and how the treatment of the plinth can define the user experience at ground level. It goes on defining criteria for a good and bad plinth from building, street, and context scale. It also discusses that plinths need not to be always of commercial use.

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

Residential use could successfully work as plinth as long as it opens to the street, has a hybrid zone from public to private and encourages the feeling of “eyes in the street.”

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THE INTERFACE Jan Gehl, University of Melbourne (1977) Set in the city of Melbourne, the study on residential areas classifies two types of interfaces, the “soft interface” which is the gradual transitional space between the public and private zones, and the “hard interface” as the opposite with abrupt confrontations.

It is an interesting perspective on how the gradual transitional space between the public and the private, in this case, the front

yards of the houses, generates activities or “spur-of-the-moment” of interactions in the streets. Without these soft interfaces, streets would be dead and people would not even know their neighbours. Contrastingly, when this study was done in Melbourne, most daily activities such as gardening or washing the cat, still take place on the streets which something not common in the present day.

OPEN BLOCK Christian de Pontzamparc (1995) First explored in his project, Quartier Massena, Paris, Christian de Portzamparc conceived different set of rules to allow variations in an urban context. In his explorations, rather than sticking to the strict massing of blocks common in Paris, he designed a district with this idea of an open blo “volumetry, cutting of islets, layout of public roads and gardens.”

//reflections The various thematic readings and media explored for this project guided my projects agenda development and provided useful insights about the European context especially in the case of Feijenoord. The key take-aways from these media are:

• Existing public assets as a catalyst for neighbourhood redevelopment

• Plinths and their critical role in how we experience the public realm

• Importance of civic entrepreneurship in activating the community

• Soft interfaces or the semi-public front yards, and

• The multi-faceted diversity of Feijenoord

• How rules can be used to create diversity in design

• Developing within the existing fabric as a sustainable approach • The different scales of urban design

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opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

precedents Bo01, “City of Tomorrow” Western Harbour, Malmö 1998-2001

Bo01 is a sustainable mixed-use neighbourhood built on a former industrial site. It was part of the international housing expo and currently home to 30,000 residents in its 160-hectare area. The neighbourhood is 100% reliant on renewable energy.

Key Points • More than 20 developers behind the development • Wide variety of public spaces were created for the residents and the public. Different water bodies were incorporated across the development.

• Broken-up character of the streets were intentional, to create variation and as wind breakers

(Top) Rear side of one of the townhouses in Bo01. (Mid) Bo01 viewed from far, seeing the Turning Torso, it’s most prominent building. (Bottom) Various ground floor interfaces of the residential buildings in Bo01. These photos were taken by me during my visit last August 2018. page_22

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

MEHR ALS WOHNEN Hunziker, Switzerland 2014-2015

Mehr Als Wohnen is an ambitious new cooperative housing model in Zurich established by more than 30 cooperatives.

Completed in 2015, the project has over 400 housing units and 35 retail units are spread across the 13 buildings of the development.

Currently, there are about 1,600 residents from diverse backgrounds and 150 jobs created. Rent cap is 20-30% lower the market price and subsidized housing were provided for 20% of the households that were below poverty level.

Key Points • Social diversity of users reflecting different background, income and ages • Set of rules for the architecture such as setback, minimum void on the building envelopes, location of entryways, type of uses at ground level • Various architects designed the buildings; more freedom were given on the spatial design of the interior • Commercial tenants are required to be part of the cooperative

(Top & Middle) 4 out of the 13 buildings in the development designed by 5 different architects. (Bottom) Ground floor plan showing the mix of uses.

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

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precedents KALKBREITE Zürich, Switzerland 2014 Park 95.1 ierung m2

Lade 27.6 n m2

Dien 206. stleistun 1m g/G 2 eb

Eing 14.6 ang m2

urts

Kalkbreite is a hybrid cooperative housing built upon an existing tram depot. Resulted from a public workshop in 2006 and completed in 2014, the perimetre block building contains 60% housing, 40% commercial use and 2,500m2 of public space.

About 500 people currently live and work in here and the development is absolutely carfree.

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Eing 14.9 ang m2

Lade 44.3 n m2

Lade 55.2 n m2

Velo park 232.

0 m ierung 2

Trep 32.9 penhau s Trepm2 28.9 penhau s m2

Eing 14.6 ang m2

Trep 31.9 penhau s Trepm2 25.3 penhau s m2

Plans, coupes, élévations, schémas | Plans, sections, elevations, diagrams

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Treppe nha 25.3 us m2

Gew 408 erbe / Gas .3 m2 tro

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Sources: https://www.archdaily.com/903384/kalkbreite-muller-sigristarchitekten page_24 Gemeinschaft Gemeinschaft Wohnen Allgemein Jokerzimmer Büro/ Dienstleistung

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opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

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11

exterior view. (Bottom, Left-Right) GF plan showing the commercial spaces enveloping the tram depot, 2F plan with the courtyard spaces and communal spaces.

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tun eis hg nstl m2 i-W D 2 ie .6 3 Z .8 m 293 66

Erschliessung Büro/ Dienstleistung

MÜLLER SIGRIST ARCHITEKTEN AG MÜLLER SIGRIST ARCHITEKTEN AG H I L D A S T R A S S E 1 4 a C H - 8 0 0 4 Z Ü R I C H T E L 0 4 4 2 0 1 9 1 0 9 F A X 0 4 4 2 0 1 9 1 0 8 M A I L I N F O @ M U E L L E R S I G R I S T.C H H I L D A S T R A S S E 1 4 a C H - 8 0 0 4 Z Ü R I C H T E L 0 4 4 2 0 1 9 1 0 9 F A X 0 4 4 2 0 1 9 1 0 8 M A I L I N F O @ M U E L L E R S I G R I S T.C H

Wasch 24.2 salon m2

Halle 85.2 m2

hg Zi-W 2 2.5 .1 m 95

Erschliessung

er mm tezi Gäs 1 m2 285.

Lag er 14.3 m2

e

Erschliessung Gemeinschaft Wohnen Allgemein

Treppe nha 30.1 us m2 Treppe nha 30.1 m2

us

Bür o/ 34.7 Drehsc m2 heib

Erschliessung

20

Lag er 14.3 m2

s

Aufent 41.8 halt Foy m2 er

Atelier B 67.3 m2

Caf èteria 124 .0 m2

Erschliessung

Lag er 14.3 m2

Flex 13.7 7 m2

us

s au nh pe 2 ep Tr .5 m s au 23 nh pe 2 ep Tr .1 m 24 ro Bü s g/ au un nh ist pe 2 ep stle 2 Tr .2 m en m Di 3.6hg 31 -W 29 2 3 Zi .8 m 66 ro Bü g/ un ist stle 2 en m Di 2.9 37

rK lie 2 Ate .7 m 66

ha en pp aus2 hm Treen.5 pp23 2 Tre .1 m 24

GRUNDRISS MEZZANIN 1:400 GRUNDRISS 2. OBERGESCHOSS 1:400

um ra sik g m2 Maun.8 g29 2 m Ein .1 20

Treppe nha 25.3 us m2 Tre ppe nha 44.1 m2

e on n

pfz ne ho 1 rIn 44.9 Sc iem2te m2 M 4.3 10

ng ga 2 Ein .5 m 10

r lle 2 Ke .0 m 60

r ge 2 La .1 m 34

20

Lag er 14.3Fle x3 m2 35.1 m2 Flex 13.3 4 m2

r do rri 2 Ko .1 m 76

HILDASTRASSE 14a CH-8004 ZÜRICH TEL 044 201 91 09 FAX 044 201 91 08

Arb eits joke 31.6 r m2

Treppe nha 28.9 Treppeus m2 nha 49.9 us m2

ro

Bü

MÜLLER SIGRIST ARCHITEKTEN AG

Lad en 25.3 m2

Kita 294 .5 m2

g/

un

ist stle 2 en Di .3 m 85

EPFL | ENAC | EDAR | IDEAS | Module 1 | 2015 courtyard, grand staircase leading to the courtyard, and

Grundriss Zwischengeschoss Grundriss 2. Obergeschoss (Hofgeschoss)

m2

tun

leis nst Die m2 61.5

s

au nh pe 2 ep Tr .6 m 29

second floor plan: courtyard garden, communal spaces, residential units (Top-Clockwise) Internal view of building showing the

Dienstl eist 179 .5 m2 ung / DienstlBüro eist 179 .5 m2 ung / Bür

Woche nbe 150 .5 m2 ttwohnu

Lag er 14.3 m2

10 10

s telie au na nh pe 2 pe ep Tr .4 m ep m2 Tr .6 34 29 s au nh pe 2 ep Tr .8 m 33

hg W Zi- 2 2.5 .9 m 63

ro

Bü g/

GRUNDRISS 1. OBERGESCHOSS 1:400

20

10

/ La

r lle 2 Ke .0 m 72

hg Zi-Wm2 2.5 2.5 10

K er 2 eli At .7 m 66

Lager Gewerbe/ Dienstleistung

10

5

M A I L I N F O @ M U E L L E R S I G R I S T.C H

Hof 2222 .0

ng

5

hg W Zi- m2 2.5 2.5 10

den

rbe we Ge m2 23.5

r

us

GG RBüR U NDRISS E1 R .DOGBEESRCGHEOSSCSH1O: 4S 0S0 1 : 4 0 0 ro U N D R I S S 34.7 / Drehsc 5 m2 10 heib e

0

M A I L I N F O @ M U E L L E R S I G R I S T.C H

20 20 Lad en 30.4 m2

0

alt

sh

au

sh

os

Gr m srau m2 Es 8.0 13

hg Zi-W 2 2.5 .9 m 95

r lle 2 Ke .7 m 32

Keller Wohnungen

0

HILDASTRASSE 14a CH-8004 ZÜRICH TEL 044 201 91 09 FAX 044 201 91 08

hg Zi-W 2 2.5 .9 m 63

g an 2 ng Ei .5 m 10

Jokerzimmer Nebenräume/ Technik

20

HILDASTRASSE 14a CH-8004 ZÜRICH TEL 044 201 91 09 FAX 044 201 91 08 MÜLLER SIGRIST ARCHITEKTEN AG

Lag er 47.9 m2

GRUNDRISS MEZZANIN 1:400

Gemeinschaft Cluster/ Ar Grosshaushalt

00 Grundriss Erdgeschoss Grundriss 1. Obergeschoss

MÜLLER SIGRIST ARCHITEKTEN AG

20

m2 Gemeinschaft Gewerbe/ Dienstleistung Erschliessung

Gewerbe/ Laden/ Kultur Büro/ Dienstleistung 17.4 itsjoker Nebenräume/ Technik m2 Wohnungen Grosshaushalt 2 - Gemeinschaft 5 Gewerbe/ Zi-Wohnungen Laden/ Kultur

GRUNDRISS 1. OBERGESCHOSS 1:400

Lag er 14.3 m2

ro

Bü

hg W Zi- 2 2.5 .9 m 95

m2

Büro

hg Zi-Wm2 2.5 2.5 10

Büro/ Dienstleistung Gewerbe/ Laden/ Kultur Lage Wohnungen Grosshaushalt 14.3 r

W

r

hg Zi-W 2 2.5 .9 m 95

asch Gemeinschaft Wohnen Allgemein 24.2 saGemeinschaft lon Jokerzimmer Büro/ Dienstleistung m 2 Erschliessung

GRUNDRISS ERDGESCHOSS 1:400

ground floor plan: commercial spaces, entries and tram depot at center

g/

un ist stle 2 en m Di 3.6 29

Erschliessung

Aufe 41.8 nthalt Fo m2 yer

K er 2 eli At .7 m 66

s

au nh pe 2 ep Tr .5 m 23

Büro/ Dienstleistung Gemeinschaft Cluster/ Grosshaushalt

en .6

Gewerbe/ad Laden/ m2Kultur Gemeinschaft

Hof 222 2.0

g/

tun

hg Zi-W 2 2.5 .1 m 95

Erschliessung Gemeinschaft Wohnen Allgemein

Trep penh Nebenräume/ Technik 25Tr aus penh .3ep 44 2 aus .1mm Lager2Gewerbe/ Dienstleistung Atelie 67.3 r B m2

/

leis nst Die m2 61.5

ne zo n pf ne ho rIn Sc iete m2 M 4.3 10

Gemeinschaft Gewerbe/ Dienstleistung

Flex 13.7 7 m2 Erschliessung

us ha en pp 2 s Tre .9nmhau 2p3pe 2 Tre .2 m ng 31 ga Ein m2 9.8

r ge 2 La .1 m 34

Nebenräume/ Technik Lager Gewerbe/ Dienstleistung

rbe we Ge m2 23.5

me zim ste Gä .1 m2 285

Büro/ Dienstleistung

r ge 2 La .1 m 34

Korri 38.1 dor m2

r

hg Zi-W 2 2.5 .1 m 95

Flex 31.5 2 m2

Lager Gewerbe/ Dienstleistung

Lad en 37.5 m2

hg W Zi- 2 2.5 .1 m 95

n Lade

m au ikr 2 Mus.8 m g 29 an 2 ng Ei .1 m 20

Erschliessung

Nebenräume/ Technik Keller Wohnungen

Lad en 37.1 m2

Treppe nha 25.3 us m2 Treppe nha 38.6 us m2 Treppe nha 29.0 m2

r lle 2 Ke .0 m 60 hg W Zi- 2 2.5 .1 m 95

hg W Zi- m2 2.5 2.5 10

un ist stle 2 en m Di 2.9 37

2 Erschliessung - 5 Zi-Wohnungen

10 10

o

4.5 11 Z 0.0 i-W m hg 2

g an 2 ng Ei .6 m 23

r

Gew 209. erbe / La 5m den 2

r do rri 2 Ko .1 m 76

r lle 2 Ke .7 m 32

g an ng Ei m2 9.8

au nh pe 2 ep Tr .2 m 31

Gewerbe/ Laden/ Kultur

Treppe nha 30.1 us m2

Arb eits joke 17.4 r m2

Bür

us

m au ikr 2 Mus.8 m 29

or rrid 2 Ko .1 m 76

hg W Zi- 2 2.5 .9 m 95

ng

Flex 35.1 3 m2

n de 2 La .6 m 60

au

nh pe 2 ep Tr .9 m 23

telie na pe 2 ep Tr .4 m 34

Gew 92.4 erbe / Ba Tr m2 r Trep eppe 28 penh nh aus r 49.9 .9 m m2 2aus Kelle.0 m2 72

hg Zi-W 2 2.5 .9 m 95

Gew 209 erbe / Lad .5 m2 en

2 - 5 Zi-Wohnungen Büro/ Dienstleistung

o

Wasch 24.2 salon m2

Dienst leis 418 .0 m2 tung /

Halle 85.2 m2

s

ru

Lad en 25.3 m2

Lag er 14.3 m2

Aufent 41.8 halt Foy m2 er

Atelier B 67.3 m2

Treppe nha 25.3 us m2

Bür o/ 34.7 Drehsc m2 heib

rkie lopa 2 Ve .0 m 87

Lad en 25.3 m2

Flex 13.7 7 m2

Caf èteria 124 .0 m2

5.

12 5 Zi 3. -W 4 m hg 2

Lade 30.4 n m2

Gew 92.4 erbe / Bar m2

Erschliessung

55

Flex 14.2 6 m2

au nh pe 2 ep Tr .6 m 29

Arbe 31.6 itsjoker m2

Lade 37.5 n m2 4.5 ZI 99.1 -Whg m2

m2

Tr 15 eppe Trep 16 .5 m nhau.0 penh 2 s m2 au s

Tre T1re 6 pp 15 .0ppm enh .5 en2 au m ha s 2 us

Tramh alle 299 7 m2

Gewerbe/ Laden/ Kultur

00

Flex 14.1 5 m2

Treppe nha 25.3 us m2 Tre ppe nha 44.1 us m2

Lag er 47.9 m2

Lade 4.5 37.1 n Zi m2 120. -Whg 1m 2

Büro/ Dienstleistung

Flex 13.3 4 m2

Kor rido r 38.1 m2

r lle 2 Ke .0 m 72

Lade 25.3 n m2

Lag er 14.3 m2

MÜLLER S MÜLLER HILDASTR HILDAST us

e

Kita 20.1 m2

Tr Trep 30 eppenh aus .1 m 61.0 penh m2 au2s

Bür

üro /B ng istu tle ns 2 Die .3 m en 85 d La e/ rb we 2 Ge .1 m 52

Tr 15 eppe .5 m nhau 2 s

Dien 179. stleistun 5m g / Bü 2 ro

Lag er 14.3 m2

Treppe nha 30.1 us m2 Treppe nha 30.1 m2

Lag er 14.3Fle x3 m2 35.1 m2

Treppe nha 25.3 us m2

e on n pfz ne Fleo h x 1 rIn 44.9 Sc iem2te m2 M 4.3 10

ng ga 2 Ein .6 m 23

Gew 408 erbe / Gas .3 m2 tro

Lage 14.3 r m2

Dienstl eist 179 .5 m2 ung /

Flex 31.5 2 m2

us us ha nha e en pp 2 pp 2 Tre .8 m Tre .6 m 24 29

Treppe nha 29.0 us m2

Erschliessung

Treppe nha 28.9 Treppeus m2 nha 49.9 us m2

ieru

Treppe nha 31.9 us m2

Sch leus 14.6 e m2

m2

o

Arb eits joke 31.6 r m2

Lad en 30.4 4.5 ZI-W m2 99.1 hg m2 Ate lier B 67.3 m2

Treppe nha 28.9 us m2

Eingan g 14.6 m2

Kita 294.

5

Lad en 37.1 m2 Lad Dienst4.5 Zi-W en 37.5 hg leis 327 120 m2 .0 m2 .1tun m2 g / Bür o Treppe nha 25.3 us m2

Treppe nha 32.9 us m2

Treppe nha 28.9 us m2

10

s

5.5 12 Z 3.4 i-W m hg 2

Lad en 44.3 m2

o

/ Bür

Grundriss Zwischengeschoss Grundriss 2. Obergeschoss (Hofgeschoss)

m2

Treppe nha 30.1 us Trem2 ppe nha Lad 61.0 us en m2 25.3 Treppe m2 nha 26.4 us m2

hau

Tre 15 pp .5 T en m re h 19 2 pp aus .7 en m ha 2 us

Lad en 43.8 m2

Bür

Lad en 55.2 m2

10

Kita 20.1

urts

4.

11 5 Zi 0. -W 0 m hg 2

Lad en 41.8 m2

Dienst leis 327 .0 m2 tung /

5

Dienstl eist 179 .5 m2 ung / Bür o Dienst leis 206 .1 m2 tung / Geb

Lag er 14.3 m2

Tr 19 eppe .7 m nhau 2 s

Treppe nha 26.4 us m2

Dienstl eist 179 .5 m2 ung / DienstlBüro eist 179 .5 m2 ung

Woche nbe 150 .5 m2 ttwohnu

Lad en 30.4 m2

Tr 15 eppe .5 m nhau 2 s

s

Velopa rkie 232 .0 m2 rung

5

Hof 2222 .0

Lad en 37.5 m2

34.7 / Drehsc 5 m2 10 heib

M A I L I N F O @ M U E L L E R S I G R I S T.C H

Lad en 25.3 m2 Lad en 37.1 m2

GG RBüR U ND ro U N D

M A I L I N F O @ M U E L L E R S I G R I S T.C H

20 20

Treppe nha 34.1 us m2

hau

ier

Trep 25.3

0

Grundriss Erdgeschoss Grundriss 1. Obergeschoss

HILDASTRASSE 14a CH-8004 ZÜRICH TEL 044 201 91 09 FAX 044 201 91 08

Tr 15 eppe .5 m nhau 2 s

Lad en 27.6 m2

urts

Wa 24.

Halle 85.2 m2

HILDASTRASSE 14a CH-8004 ZÜRICH TEL 044 201 91 09 FAX 044 201 91 08 MÜLLER SIGRIST ARCHITEKTEN AG

Gew 408. erbe / G 3m astro 2

Lag er 14.3 m2

Geb

ro Bü

GRUNDRISS 1. OBERGESCHOSS 1:400

10

ground floor plan: commercial spaces, entries and tram depot at center 0

Entsor 17.4 gung Pap m2

Atel ie 67.3 r B m2

GRUNDRISS ERDGESCHOSS 1:400

Trep 25.9 penhTr s pe m2 29auep .0 m nhaus 2

0

Par kier ung 95.1 m2

Aufe 41.8 nthalt Fo m2 yer

Trep penh 25Tr aus penh .3ep 44 2 aus .1mm 2

Nebenräume/ Technik Keller Wohnungen

Schl euse 14.6 m2

00

n de 2 La .6 m 60

ng ga Ein m2 9.8

un ist stle 2 en m Di 2.9 37

- 5 Zi-Wohnungen Eing 2 Erschliessung 14.0 ang Gewerbe/ Laden/ m2 Nebenräume/ Technik Gewerbe/ Laden/ Kultur

Flex 13.7 7 m2

us ha en pp 2 s Tre .9nmhau 2p3pe 2 Tre .2 m 31

Flex 44.9 1 m2

de 2 La .6 m 60

r ge 2 La .1 m 34

Flex 14.2 6 m2

r ge 2 La .1 m 34

g an ng Ei m2 9.8

au nh pe 2 ep Tr .2 m 31

Gewerbe/ Laden/ Kultur

Gew 142. erbe /DiLe enst 1m leist ns 2 418. be unelg 0 m mitt / Bü 2 ro

Flex 14.1 5 m2

Korri 38.1 dor m2

r lle 2 Ke .0 m 60

hg W Zi- 2 2.5 .1 m 95

hg W Zi- m2 2.5 2.5 10

Flex 13.3 4 m2

Gew 209. erbe / La 5m den 2

n

au nh pe 2 ep Tr .9 m 23 s

Erschliessung

Büro/ Dienstleistung

Trep 31.9 penhau s Trepm2 25.3 penhau s m2

ro Bü g/ n un de ist stle 2 / La en Di .3 merbe 85Gew m2 .1 52

s au nh pe 2 ep Tr .8 m s au 24 nh pe 2 ep Tr .6 m 29

Flex 35.1 3 m2

hg Zi-W 2 2.5 .1 m 95

Flex 31.5 2 m2

Gew 209 erbe / Lad .5 m2 en

r lle 2 Ke .7 m 32

g an 2 ng Ei .6 m 23

or rrid 2 Ko .1 m 76

hg W Zi- 2 2.5 .9 m 95

ng ru

r

na pe 2 ep Tr .4 m 34

r do rri 2 Ko .1 m 76

hg Zi-W 2 2.5 .9 m 95

r lle 2 Ke .7 m 32 hg Zi-Wm2 2.5 2.5 10

Gew 92.4 erbe / Bar m2

telie

Gew 92.4 erbe / Ba Tr m2 r Trep eppe 28 penh nh aus r 49.9 .9 m m2 2aus Kelle.0 m2 72

Eing 14.9 ang m2

Trep 32.9 penhau s Trepm2 28.9 penhau s m2

rkie lopa 2 Ve .0 m 87

Arbe 31.6 itsjoker m2

Lade 37.5 n m2 4.5 ZI 99.1 -Whg m2

m2

Tr 15 eppe Trep 16 .5 m nhau.0 penh 2 s m2 au s

Lade 44.3 n m2

Tramh alle 299 7 m2

Lade 4.5 37.1 n Zi m2 120. -Whg 1m 2

• High degree of mix of uses from commercial to communal and living spaces; 60:40 ratio Lade Di 41.8 n enstle 3227. ist m 0 m ung / Bü 2 Laro de 43.8 n m2

Lag er 47.9 m2

Lade 25.3 n m2

haus

Ents 17.4 orgung Papi m2 er

r lle 2 Ke .0 m 72

Kita 20.1 m2

Eing 14.6 ang m2

urts

Treppe nha 25.9 us m2

Treppe nha 29.0 us m2

Tre T1re 6 pp 15 .0ppm enh .5 en2 au m ha s 2 us

Lade 27.6 n m2

Dien 206. stleistun 1m g/G 2 eb

o

Woc henb 150.

5 m ettwoh 2 nung

• Participation of potential users at all phases of the project Park 95.1 ierung m2

Eingan g 14.0 m2

mitt el Dienst leis 418 .0 m2 tung / Bür

Sch leus 14.6 e m2

0

Lage 47.9 r m2

Eingan g 14.9 m2

Lad en 44.3 m2

Bür

Lad en 55.2 m2

Key Points

0

Trep 25.9 penhTr s pe m2 29auep .0 m nh 2

GRUNDRISSE

Eingan g 14.6 m2

Treppe nha 26.4 us m2

Dienst leis 327 .0 m2 tung /

Dienst leis 206 .1 m2 tung /

Eing 14.0 ang m2

Treppe nha 34.1 us m2

hau

Entsor 17.4 gung Pap m2

Gew 142. erbe /DiLe enst 1m leist ns 2 418. be unelg 0 m mitt / Bü 2 ro

Schl euse 14.6 m2

GRUNDRISS MEZZANIN 1:400

2

MÜLL MÜLL HILD HILDA

SELF-BUILD HOUSES Buiksloterham, Amsterdam

• Construction floor area was capped to 260m2 maximum which encouraged the building volume to vary from house to house • Self-build project results to diversity in design especially in the facade • Sustainable construction with circular elements are required from the builders

Self-build houses along Monnikapstraat. These are some of the self-build developments in Buiksloterham area.

SLUSEHOLMEN Sluseholmen, Copenhagen 2000-2009 • In designing the master plan, the principle of “serial vision” was applied to create spaces for wandering and constant surprise • Incorporation of “block architects” who organises the public access to courtyards and entryways to shared spaces and various architects (30) designing facades for each pseudo-parcels

Sources: https://www.archdaily.com/330652/sluseholmen-arkitemaarchitects-sjoerd-soeters collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_25

3

travel weeks

amsterdam // rotterdam // studio visits & workshops //

AMS DAY 1

Houthaven

Berlager

Marco Broekman

De Ceuvel

Hertzberger Houttin

Superloft

Nieuwe Market

DAY 2

Space & Matter

VOC Masterplan

Hetschip

Funen Park

IJ Plein Masterplan

Schoonship

IJ Dok

De Pijp

Borneo sporenberg

Studioninedots

Monnikapstraat Self-Built

Silodam

[ ] Park

Java Eiland

Infill Self-Built

NDSM Werf

amsterdam bike tour //overview

page_30

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_31

ROT Wilhelminapier

Hotel New York

Social Housing in Sumatraweg

Le Medi

Katendrecht

Fenix Food Factory

Dak Park

Justus van Effencomplex

rotterdam bike tour //overview

Xeres dolupta con eum harum harum ipicab ipsam ut ped molorib erovid que sit iusam il eum earuptassi quiae peribustium fuga.

Da est, consectum vellacest, con non el in nullorem. Aximinctor repedit iuntotatus dusae perem in nobit lautem deseque nimus doloriam ipsum

(1) Luchtsingel, (2) Katendreht, (3) Social Housing in Katendrecht, (4) Justus van Effencomplex “Streets in the Sky”, (5) De Rotterdam by OMA, (6) Euromast , (7) View from DakPark, (8,9) Residential plinths at Le Medi, (10)Residential plinth at Justus van Effencomplex

2

3

1

4

page_34

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

5

8

6

7

9

10

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_35

4

collective work

feijenoord //overview, demographic data, history, key areas, site visit, interviews collective work// our collective agenda, project brief 1km x 1km analysis // ownership, building & public realm issues & considerations// key issues, current & future plans masterplan // overall strategies, framework urban design rules // plot, built form, programme, interface

feijenoord //overview//location

Feijenoord is a district south of Rotterdam comprised of 8 neighbourhoods namely Afrikaanderwijk, Bloemhof, Feijenoord, Hillesluis, Katendrecht, Kop van Zuid, Noordereiland, and Vreewijk. Currently, there 74,000 residents with majority of the population as immigrants.

CENTRAL STATION CENTRUM

The neighbourhood of Feijenoord where our project focuses was previously a ship-building yard for the Port of Rotterdam until the turn of the 19th century. After the World War II, the neighbourhood slowly evolved into a residential neighbourhood with the influx of immigrants. It was around 1970s when the municipality marked Feijenoord as an urban renewal area and during this period old building stocks were demolished and replace with social housing.

FEIJENOORD KOP VAN ZUID

Household Types 65+ 11%

0-15 18%

42.0%

One-person household

13.0%

Living together without children 45-65 25%

Age Profile (years old)

15-25 15%

22.0%

Living with children

100,000 KM

19.0%

Single-parent family

//demographics (neighbourhood) Feijenoord is very notable with its highlydiverse population and high quantity of social housing stock at 87%. present in its built environment. It is also good to note that the neighbourhood is considerably composed of low-income households and quite ageing population. It is not displayed here but the educational level of the residents is also lagging behind in comparison to the average in Rotterdam.

25-45 31%

65+ Turkey 11% 26%

0-15 18%

0-15 18%

EU 3%

Country of Age ProfileOrigin

45-65 25% Suriname 11%

15-25 15%

(years old)

Age Profile (years old)

Single-parent family

19.0%

Netherlands Antilles & Aruba 6%

Average Personal Income Native Dutch 18%

Turkey 26%

Western minorities 4%

page_40

Suriname 11%

Country of Origin

383/week

$

19.0%

9.0%

4.0%

Privately Owned

Rental Property

87.0% 25-45 31% Public housing

26%

EU 3%

Apartments

383/week

$

$597/week

Housing

Native Dutch 18% Types

Western Singleminorities house / 4% townhouse EU 3%

Country of Origin

97.7%

Suriname 11%

Housing Tenure

Non-western minorities 2.3% 13%

Non-western minorities Netherlands Antilles & Aruba 13% 6%

9.0%

4.0%

Privately Owned

Rental Property

87.0%

Morocco 19%

Public housing

Housing Types Apartments Single house / townhouse

$597/week

EU 3%

Non-western minorities 13%

Western minorities 4%

Morocco 19%

25-45 31%

97.7% Housing Tenure

2.3%

22.0%

Average Personal Income Turkey 42.0%

13.0% Country of Origin 22.0%

15-25 15%

97.7%

A

Native Dutch 18%

Turkey One-person household 26%

Suriname 11%

Housing Tenure Living with children

Single-parent family Morocco 19%

Single house / townhouse

Li

13.0% Age Profile (years old)

25%

25-45 31%

Living with children

42.0%

$597/week

Living together 45-65without children

Non-western minorities 13%

Netherlands Antilles & Aruba 6%

15-25 15%

$

0-15 18%

Apartments

383/week

Western minorities 4%

Living together without children 45-65 25%

11%

One-person household

Household Types 65+ 11%

Average Personal Income Housing Types Household Types 65+

Native Dutch 18%

2.3%

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

H

e

in el

tim / /

1840

1970

First shipyard was built on the island of feijenoord

Feijenoord was designated as urban renewal area due to the deteriorating living & built conditions

1940

1870

World War II aerial bombing vastly destroyed Rotterdam Centrum

Municipality of Rotterdam expansion plan on Feijenoord

1900

Feijenoord used to be part of Port Rotterdam before it expanded westward

Global Financial Crisis hit the Netherlands

2008

Kop van Feijenoord Masterplan was conceived to improve the built environment and connectivity.

2018

2011

New developments started to take form in the neighbourhood

Our collective work focuses on futureproofing Feijenord for the city of the future

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

FUTUREPROOFED FEIJENOORD 2040

page_41

key sites

//important buildings & areas

DE HEF

VIJF WERELDDELEN

UNILEVER

DE DAM

PEPERKLIP

feijenoord //in photos

page_44

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

//reflection Visiting of Feijenoord provided us also a clear understanding on the quality of the built environment present in the neighbourhood. A lot of the social housing stock we’re looking like in bad condition, the plinths of most buildings are not well maximised, cars occupying the streets more than the people and the public spaces that are either underutilised or neglected to gather trash. But within these negative aspects of its built environment, Feijenoord provides a great opportunity not only for urban renewal but also for a renewal in the sense of ownership of the people to the neighbourhood.

(1) CAPTION, (2) CAPTION, (5) CAPTION, (4) CAPTION AND (5) CAPTION

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_45

feijenoord //interviews

Larissa & Andy WeLoveTheCity.eu/Feijenoord Our first site visit of Feijenoord was conducted by Larissa from WeLoveTheCity and local resident, Andy. Larissa shared her perspective coming from the non-profit sector doing initiatives to make Feijenoord resilient. Andy, on the other hand, a veteran and long-time resident of the neighbourhood, discussed some of the social and economic fragmentation happening.

Key Points • People are very active and a lot of initiatives are happening: i.e. Moroccan fathers serves as police for drug-user teenagers, Turkish mothers gathering others for a group cooking

• Community center us the only place for free recreation, where kids can play

“[People are] forced to move out if goes beyond [the income] and it has become a problem”

• Feijenoord used to have a vegetable market for whole Rotterdam and a good karate club for misfit kids

• Poor people, less ability to be healthy

Key Issue • Huge amount of social housing • Flooding issue • Economical & political framework

Larissa Guschl // WeLoveTheCity.eu

Andy Local Resident // Feijenoord page_46

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

Willemijn Lofvers

Bob and Bo (Feijenoord groupmates) with Willemijn during our meeting about the neighbourhood

// Hogeschool Rotterdam/Bureau Lofvers We got a great opportunity to talk to Willemijn, an architect and urbanist based in Rotterdam, who knows very well city and most especially Feijenoord. In 2016, she along with some students from the Rotterdam Academy of Architecture conducted the studio Tidal River based in Peperklip, an infamous social housing in Feijenoord.

“Cooking for 10 people is cheaper than cooking for yourself.”

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

Key Points • Make the inhabitants part of the project • Growing pressure in Feijenoord because of the development on its both ends (referring to Feyenoord City Masterplan at the south)

city were protested by Feijenoord people demanding for better housing • Claim from different rights: perspective of the river and of the people

• 70’s big infrastructure plans by the

Umut Türkmen Previous student of Willemijn // KCAP Umut was one of the students of Willemijn in the studio based in Peperklip. He stayed for 6 months living in one of the units in the said social housing. He shared to us his experience and his discoveries about the people living in this kind of housing.

Key Points • How can we involved residents to be resilient?

• People living here wants to upgrade and grow with the trend • Residents are proud of Peperklip • Cultures are very conservative and have own visions of sustainbaility

page_47

our collective brief //feijenoord group masterplan

EXISTING

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

MARKET-DRIVEN 13%

3,399

42 D/Ha

SOCIAL HOUSING 87%

3, 748

46 D/Ha

+1440 from the Kop Van Feijenoord

page_48

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

CURRENT MASTERPLAN

MARKET-DRIVEN

39%

4,839

60 D/Ha

SOCIAL HOUSING

61%

MARKET-DRIVEN 20%

SOCIAL HOUSING 80%

ALTERNATE UPGRADED SOCIAL HOUSING MANDATORY AFFORDABLE HOUSING

MARKET-DRIVEN

20%

4,839

60 D/Ha

PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE HOUSING MODELS

20%

SOCIAL HOUSING

60%

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_49

1km x 1km analysis //building footprint & existing green spaces

Rotterdam Centrum

we

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Katendrecht

Feyenoord City

0

page_50

Pie

St oo

en av

sh

n oo

rs Pe

Damstraa t

s Ro

La a

100

200

300 meter

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

//ownership

Rotterdam Centrum

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n in ng ni Ko

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k

ven rha

o no

sau Nas

p ven uha

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en hav

sas Nas

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bo

en ev St

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ijk

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en

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St

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an Or

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Katendrecht

Feyenoord City

0

100

200

300 meter

Private Housing Association collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_51

1km x 1km analysis //functional mix

Rotterdam Centrum

we

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bo

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Katendrecht

Feyenoord City

0

Live

page_52

Pie

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n oo

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La a

Work

Visit - Retail/Commercial

100

200

300 meter

Visit - Public/Government

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

//functional mix @ ground floor

Rotterdam Centrum

we

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n in ng ni Ko

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o no

sau Nas

p ven uha

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a ra

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sas Nas

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bo

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g oo

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a ra

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St

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a ra

st es

an Or

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ni Ko

n ve ha

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on Jal boom

Rijks

am

nsd

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a ra

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pZ uid

lo k

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la at

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Vu u

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Po s

a ra rst e f rf

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Pie

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n oo

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Damstraa t

s Ro

La a

Katendrecht

Feyenoord City

0

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

100

200

300 meter

page_53

issues & considerations //key issues

#1

UNDERUTILISED PUBLIC REALM

#2 page_54

GENTRIFICATION & SPATIAL ISOLATION

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

#3

LACK OF RESILIENCE

#4

SOCIAL INSTABILITY & LACK OF CONNECTION

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_55

issues & considerations //key issues//current plans

#5

GENERIC, TOP-DOWN DEVELOPMENT

(1) CAPTION, (2) CAPTION, (5) CAPTION, (4) CAPTION AND (5) CAPTION

page_56

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_57

overall strategies

CONNECTIONS

HIERARCHIES IN URBAN STRUCTURE

HOUSING

DIVERSITY IN DENSITY

page_58

PUBLIC REALM

SOCIALLY INCLUSIVE PUBLIC REALM

ENVIRONMENT

RESILIENT BUILT FORM AND PUBLIC SPACE

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

framework Rotterdam Centrum

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bo

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t

a ra

st

ijk

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st es

an Or

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ni Ko

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pZ uid

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um

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Bu

a tra ks

no

Pie

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n oo

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La a

Katendrecht

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

Feyenoord City

page_59

urban design rules //subtitle//

A set of urban design rules are created for the Neighbourhood Ensemble project. This typically applies to ground-up projects on empty plots. Infill housing projects in the Ensemble are also required to adapt these rules except for theme on plots.

These rules are designed to encourage interaction among the new and old residents of the neighbourhood, foster diversity and

create high-degree of activity especially on the ground level.

During the design process, I used these rules in designing the neighbourhood and at the same time, constantly adjusting to what works better for both the design and the space it creates.

a. plot PRIVACY ZONE A periphery zone of 2-meter width is to be observed around the buildings in order to create private areas especially for ground floor dwellings

≤ 24

m

2m

m

≤ 12

Privacy Setback

INTERACTION ZONE & CLUSTERING

Each building should observe a 20 to 25-meter perimeter zone, referred as the “Interaction Zone”.

Each building within a cluster should overlap to about 20 to 25-M of the Interaction Zone of another building Objective: Adapted from Jane Jacob’s “Eyes on the Streets”, the maximum distance for facial recognition is 25 meters.

page_60

≤ 24

m

Privacy Setback

2m

m

≤ 12

Interaction zone High interaction

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

b. built form DESIGN DIVERSITY Each building is to be assigned to different architects in order to create the diversity in the design and form of the buildings

≤ 24

m

2m

m

≤ 12

WIDTH & DEPTH Recommended maximum depth and width of building volumes are 36-m & 24-m.

Objectives: Buildings are not too long or too wide and can accommodate 2-4 modular living units (see housing typology) in each side

≤ 24 m

2m

m ≤ 3126

HEIGHT A maximum building height equivalent to 5-storeys is allowed.

Height should always relate to adjacent building and should not be more than 1-floor higher or lower.

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

≤ 5 floors

≤ 24

m

2m

m

≤ 12

page_61

urban design rules //subtitle//

FACADE EXPANSE Buildings with large façade expanse should be vertically interrupted (set back or forwarded) at every 9-12 meters to break the visual mass Objective:

≤ 24

m

Width/length in relation to the modular Living unit (see housing typology)

2m

m ≤ 12

c. program & interface VERTICAL EXPRESSION Vertical expression is encouraged through materiality and/or placement of voids/protrusions

≤ 24

m

2m

m

≤ 12

PLINTH USE Plinths are to be dominated active public (shops, offices) & semipublic uses (communal kitchen); can expand to the 2nd storey as loft depending on the building architect’s programme) All entry to non-residential uses should be from the street or sidewalk, no non-residential use can be located accessing through an inner corridor.

page_62

≤ 24

m

2m

m

≤ 12

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

NON-RESIDENTIAL PLINTH

Minimum storefront transparency of 60% for non-residential plinths

%

≤ 24

m

2m

0 ≥6

m

≤ 12

RESIDENTIAL PLINTH Residential Plinths are encouraged as long as the 2-M privacy setback is observed Elevated Planters of about 0.40.6M are encouraged to serve as fence.

If a fence is preferred by owner, should not go higher than 0.9-M and transparency lower than 60%

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

≤ 24

m

2m

m

≤ 12

page_63

5

individual work

overview // agenda, brief, goals, project development context analysis // programmes // housing mix, use mix, public realm, actors & collaborators precinct plan// key moves, masterplan, key moments neighbourhood plan//key moves, masterplan, key moments conclusion //

overview //agenda

“Making the diverse neighbourhood of Feijenoord future-resilient through innovative housing models, community-focused initiatives and public realm regeneration.”

Guided by the above-mentioned agenda, the project responds with a multi-scalar approach the urban design problem presented in the context of Feijenoord. Starting from the precinct level where existing, underutilised public spaces are turned into new places of experiences for the community down to the neighbourhood scale of an innovative housing model challenging existing proposal and norms. Various catalyst projects form the Collective Ensemble along with the other

proposed projects in the 1km x 1km site, all united to future-proof Feijenoord.

In the following pages of this section, the project begins with analysing the context and defining the areas of development. The area north of Feijenoord was chosen as focus area because of the big spatial divide seen in the neighbourhood. Different programmes are defined and elaborated focusing on four main themes: the housing mix, public realm,

functional mix, and actors and collaborators.

The project proceeds with the proposed masterplan at precinct level and showing the public space quality then it scales down to the neighbourhood level. At this stage, functional mix and housing typologies are used in defining the neighbourhood mix. The project concludes with the proposed timeline and sample scenarios.

//goals

All-around diversity (social, economic & physical) The Neighbourhood Ensemble reflects the diverse community of actors and collaborators in creating a new mixed community. The physical elements of the neighbourhood also displays diversity in usertailored spaces and design.

page_66

Increased sense of ownership & social cohesion Through community-focused initiatives and programmes, sense of ownership and social mobility is fostered among Feijenoord people and collaborators from the public, private and third sectors.

Resilient and sustainable public realm Previously neglected spaces are turned into places of new experiences through multiscalar catalysts projects that regenerates the public realm across the neighbourhood

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

//project history

mid-sem During the mid-semester, the project focused on community-led neighbourhood development for creating the future-resilient Feijenoord. At this stage of the project, I’ve started to define the different programmes where my project will evolve. One of the main critique for this missing in-between on the evolution of the project which zoomed in right away to the neighbourhood scale

interim For the interim, the agenda developed to approaching the problem in two different scales, the public realm and the neighbourhood. This has then become the precursor of the final project presented in this book. The project at this stage still lack some measurable goals despite having the clear ambition of the steps to be taken.

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_67

context DE

HE

F E

D KA

AU

S AS

N

HEF PARK

OR

AN

JEB

OO

MS

TR

AA

T

PARKEERPLAATS ENTREPOTHAVEN

RO

SE

RA

AT

ELEN

D

ELD

WER VIJF

ST

E

ST

CITY MARINA ROTTERDAM

page_68

N VE

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

H

UNILEVER

HEF PARK

T

ST

IJK

D

N GE

A RA

O

HO

PLAYGROUND

ENTREPOTHAVEN

PEPERKLIP

ORANJEBOOMSTRAAT

SOCIAL HOUSING

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

MARKET HOUSING

public space

page_69

programme //housing mix

Housing in the Netherlands are divided into two categories: the social housing and the private housing or market-based housing.

During our site visit in Feijenoord, we learned that the limited type of housing has grown to be a problem for some people especially those who are forced out or displaced just

because they earn 1 Euro more. We tried to challenge this in our group agenda by defining the intermediary housing and other innovative housing models as the key driver of our projects.

For the Collective Ensemble, the two categories of housing are included in the new

mixed neighbourhood. Affordable housing is introduced for the low-income households who wants to upgrade or move-out.

Alongside this, cooperative housing is used as key project to jumpstart the development in the neighbourhood. A community land trust is established for the local people which are

user typology high income households

average income households

private housing

g typolog usin y o h

low-income households

social housing

existing housing typology

?

Private Housing

page_70

Social Housing

upgrading

moving-out

low-income households

low-income households

Not accommodated

Proposed

Approach

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

then used to fund public realm regeneration and infill social housing renovation along with other funding options.

user typology high income households

private housing

average income households

g typolog usin y o h

low-income households

social housing

existing Neighbourhood housing Ensemble typology co-ops as housing driver

cooperatives

neighbourhood initiative

more than this, need to involve the community

?

affordable housing

upgrading

moving-out

low-income households

low-income households

new type of housing will help fund the regeneration

community land trusts

existing social housing stock

regeneration (futureproofing)

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_71

programme //functional mix

In curating the mix of functions for the project, two precedent studies of cooperative housing that incorporated various functions into the traditional housing model. The 1km x 1km site was also used as reference to understand the local needs. Overall, the

mix of functions which will be adapted in the Neighbourhood Ensemble, are curated to meet basic shared living needs and local needs.

FUNCTIONAL MIX Type

Mehr-als-Wohnen (Precedent)

Bakery Sale Community Atelier Workshop Gallery Visitors Center Guesthouse Office Studio Music Rehearsal Elementary School Mobility Station Special Education School Urban Daycare with Garden Small Business Living Ateliers

Kalkbreite

Feijenoord (1kmx1km)

Shop

Shop

Guest house Office

Office

(Precedent)

Elementary School Day Nursery Tram depot Catering Bar Cinema Bicycle Store Doctor's Surgery Childbirth Clinic Cellar Courtyard Laundry Room Cafeteria Conference Room Communal Office Joker Space Roof garden Cluster dwelling Communal Space "box"

Day Care Center

Doctor's Clinic

Hair Salon Playground Furniture Store Butcher Shop

page_72

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

SAMPLE MONTHLY PROGRAMS & ACTIVITIES

Neighbourhood Ensemble Community Kitchen Co-op Shop Grocer Shop Community Atelier Workshop Gallery

Activity/Community Space

Month Week 1

Week 2

Week 3

Week 4

Week 5

COMMUNITY KITCHEN Turkish Cuisine Night Moroccan Cuisine Night Surinamese Cuisine Night Dutch Cuisine Night International Cuisine Night Cooking Class

Cuisine varies fortnightly; available for all ages

Cooking Class Junior

Guesthouse Office

Children 6-12 years old

Regular Kitchen Use Available for daily use

WORKSHOP Basic Furniture-Making Workshop Intermediary FurnitureMaking Workshop

Urban Daycare with Garden Small Business Living Ateliers

Furniture Show Basic Carpentry Skills Basic Repair/Reuse Workshop Basic Home Renovation Basic Pottery Skills Regular Workshop Use

Available for daily use

Bicycle Store Doctor's Clinic Courtyard Laundry Room Cafeteria Conference Room Communal Office Roof garden Salon Playground Furniture Store & Workshop Butcher Shop

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

Community-Shared

Public-Shared

Public

page_73

programme //public realm

The following are the different public space and building elements both at ground and roof level that are adapted for the project.

Water sensitive urban design techniques are inspired from Melbourne, as having one of the best practices for this design. The second one is the Life@UrbanRoofs project that looks into the sustainable and economical use of roofs. This project has already started in Perperklip and two other pilot projects in Rotterdam.

MULTI-USE URBAN ROOFS Adapted from Life@Urban Roof

Greenhouse

WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN Adapted from Melbourne Waters

Rainwater

Water Delay

Rain Gardens

Swales

Energy Generation

Sediment Ponds

Economic Functions Wetland

page_74

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

programme //actors & collaborators

Key to the project’s success are the various actors and collaborators from the public, private and third sectors (not-for-profits).

Most importantly, the people from the communities in Feijenoord and new residents who will be part of collaboration and not just end-receivers.

for-profit organisations or the community leaders so that the people can relate to them easily.

Funding is also critical. Diversity of finances are introduced and even social “currencies” will be maximised.

It is important that a “champion” will be leading the project, either from the not-

//proponents

Municipality of Rotterdam

Housing Associations

We Love The City (NGO)

Community Land Trusts

Philanthropic fund

Feijenoord Community

//financiers

Cooperatives

CSR of Feijenoordbased companies

“social capital”

//clients & collaborators Yavuz 21, Turkish Student & salesman Social rent

Dunya 40, Surinamese Social worker Social rent

Matthijs & Emma 29, 31, Couple, Dutch Native Professionals FUTURE Residents

Lina 31, Moroccan Cleaner Social rent

Eric 69, Dutch Native Retired Social Rent

Lotte 43, Dutch Native Civil servant Owner-occupied

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_75

precinct ensemble //key moves

The spaces in between

How much does it(MEHR ALS WOHNEN) fit? 1

page_76

Establishing and diminishing connections

How much does it (KALKBREITE) fit? 3

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_77

5

N KO

G IN

S

VE HA

N

ST

J LT E I

RA T S ES

AT

4

2

3

1

E

POT NTRE

N HAVE

precinct masterplan 1

ENTREPOT “PROMENADE”

page_78

2

HANDELSPLEIN “WATER SQUARE”

3

OPEN-AIR MARKET HALL

4

STIELTJESPLEIN “SKATE PARK”

5

HEF PARK MOBILITY HUB

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

RO

E TG N E

A TR S N

AT

10

6

7

OR AN

9

JE BO R ST OM T AA

RO

8

R ST

SE T AA

ST

E ST

V

EN

HO

E OG

N

JK DI

AT A R

0

6

HEF PARK 2.0

7

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

ORANJEBOOMSTRAAT “SHARED STREET”

8

NEIGHBORHOOD ENSEMBLE

50

9

STAMPIONENSTRAAT “NEIGHBORHOOD STREET”

100 M

10

INFILL SOCIAL HOUSING

page_79

KEY PLAN

0

key moment handelsplein “water square” page_80

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_81

0

50

KEY PLAN

key moment entrepothaven “promenade” page_82

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_83

neighbourhood ensemble //housing mix typologies The following are the basic housing typologies used as basis in mixing of different functions in the neighbourhood scale project.

The various housing models are based on the type of households that it can accommodate.

Cluster Apartments are also introduced for residents who prefer smaller living spaces and more shared space.

A guideline is also set in terms of percentage of the different socio-economic diversity the project wants to achieve.

SOCIAL HOUSING UNITS

STUDENT & YOUNG PROFESSIONALS

Each building should have 20-25% Living Quarters for low-income residents; to avoid ghettoization, 25% cap is observed and SHUs are spread out the development

Similarly, 15-20% of the LQ should accommodate students and professionals with income qualified in the Intermediary Housing Program

AGE & DISABLED-FRIENDLY UNITS Each building should have 15-20% ADFU for the elderly and PWDs. Residents with reduced physical capability are to be located on the Ground Floor Living Quarters

15 M x 33 M FOOTPRINT

21 M x 33 M FOOTPRINT

STANDARD MODELS (CLUSTERED 3X3 ROOMS)

COMMONS

3-4-BEDROOM CLUSTER APARTMENT

3-BEDROOM

2-BEDROOM

1-BEDROOM

HOUSEHOLD TYPE

FAMILY

page_84

SINGLE (PROFESSIONAL)

SINGLE (STUDENT)

COUPLE W/O CHILDREN

SINGLE-PARENT FAMILY

SINGLE (ELDERLY)

PWD

COUPLE W/ CHILDREN

SINGLE-PARENT FAMILY

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

//key moves

1

Increase permeability through the site

2

Site restriction from the tunnel below is observed. Buildings are located on the deep soil area.

3

Urban design rules are applied: Interaction Zone and clustering

4

Different privacy zones are created, from private to shared to public use

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

page_85

ROENTGENSTRAAT

ORANJEBOOMSTRAAT

BIKE PARKING

COMMUNITY YARD

PLAYGROUND

SQUARE

COMMUNITY GARDEN

COMMUNITY YARD

BIKE PARKING

neighbourhood plan

ROSESTRAAT

//overall page_86

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

STAMPIOENSTRAAT

BIKE PARKING

PLAYGROUND

COMMUNITY YARD

COMMUNITY GARDEN

STEVEN HOOGENDIJKSTRAAT

PLAYGROUND

COMMUNITY GARDEN

COMMUNITY YARD

BIKE PARKING

0

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

50 M

0

page_87

ROENTGENSTRAAT

ORANJEBOOMSTRAAT

BIKE PARKING BUTCHER LAUNDRY SHOP

GROCERY

SHOP COMMUNITY YARD

SALON

YOGA STUDIO

COMMON LIVING

RESTAURANT

BAKERY

COMMON LIVING

SHOP

STUDIO

DAY CARE CENTER ACTIVITY HALL

RESTAURANT

LEARNING CENTER

WORKSHOP GALLERY

PLAYGROUND CAFE SQUARE

COMMUNAL OFFICE STORAGE 1-BR LIVING

INFORMAL MEETING

COMMUNITY GARDEN GUEST HOUSE 2-BR LIVING CLINIC STUDIO

CLUSTER APARTMENT

COMMUNITY YARD

CLUSTER APARTMENT GUEST HOUSE

COMMON LIVING

SHOP

COMMUNITY KITCHEN STORAGE LAUNDRY

SHOP COMMON LIVING

2-BR LIVING CO-WORKING SPACE SHOP BIKE SHOP

CO-OP SHOP

BIKE STORAGE BIKE PARKING

neighbourhood plan

ROSESTRAAT

//functional mix page_88

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

STAMPIOENSTRAAT

BIKE PARKING

RESTAURANT CO-WORKING

BIKE SHOP BIKE STORAGE

STORAGE PLAYGROUND

CAFETERIA

SMALL OFFICES

COMMON LIVING STORAGE WORKSHOP

CLUSTER APARTMENT

2-BR LIVING

PRINT SHOP

CLUSTER APARTMENT

COMMUNITY YARD

COMMUNAL OFFICE GUEST HOUSE COMMON LIVING

2-BR LIVING

LANGUAGE SCHOOL

2-BR LIVING

COMMUNITY GARDEN

CLUSTER APARTMENT COMMUNAL SPACE

PLAYGROUND

LIBRARY

STEVEN HOOGENDIJKSTRAAT

CAFE

POLDER HOUSE

CO-OP CAFE

COMMUNITY GARDEN

1-BR LIVING

AL-FRESCO 2-BR LIVING SMALL BUSINESS

CLUSTER APARTMENT LAUNDRY

PRAM PARK

RESTAURANT

2-BR LIVING BAKERY

SALON

COMMON LIVING

COMMUNITY YARD

2-BR LIVING

STUDIO

RESTAURANT SHOP

COMMON LIVING

STORAGE SHOP

SERVICE SHOP

OFFICE

GROCERY

BIKE PARKING

0 Community-Shared

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

Public

50 M

Public-Shared

0

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ROENTGENSTRAAT

ORANJEBOOMSTRAAT

BIKE PARKING BUTCHER LAUNDRY SHOP

GROCERY

SHOP COMMUNITY YARD

SALON

YOGA STUDIO

COMMON LIVING

RESTAURANT

BAKERY

COMMON LIVING

SHOP

STUDIO

DAY CARE CENTER ACTIVITY HALL

RESTAURANT

LEARNING CENTER

WORKSHOP GALLERY

PLAYGROUND CAFE SQUARE

COMMUNAL OFFICE STORAGE 1-BR LIVING

INFORMAL MEETING

COMMUNITY GARDEN GUEST HOUSE 2-BR LIVING CLINIC STUDIO

CLUSTER APARTMENT

COMMUNITY YARD

CLUSTER APARTMENT GUEST HOUSE

COMMON LIVING

SHOP

COMMUNITY KITCHEN STORAGE LAUNDRY

SHOP COMMON LIVING

2-BR LIVING CO-WORKING SPACE SHOP BIKE SHOP

CO-OP SHOP

BIKE STORAGE BIKE PARKING

neighbourhood plan

ROSESTRAAT

//different zones of privacy page_90

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

STAMPIOENSTRAAT

BIKE PARKING

RESTAURANT CO-WORKING

BIKE SHOP BIKE STORAGE

STORAGE PLAYGROUND

CAFETERIA

SMALL OFFICES

COMMON LIVING STORAGE WORKSHOP

CLUSTER APARTMENT

2-BR LIVING

PRINT SHOP

CLUSTER APARTMENT

COMMUNITY YARD

COMMUNAL OFFICE GUEST HOUSE COMMON LIVING

2-BR LIVING

LANGUAGE SCHOOL

2-BR LIVING

COMMUNITY GARDEN

CLUSTER APARTMENT COMMUNAL SPACE

PLAYGROUND

LIBRARY

STEVEN HOOGENDIJKSTRAAT

CAFE

POLDER HOUSE

CO-OP CAFE

COMMUNITY GARDEN

1-BR LIVING

AL-FRESCO 2-BR LIVING SMALL BUSINESS

CLUSTER APARTMENT LAUNDRY

PRAM PARK

RESTAURANT

2-BR LIVING BAKERY

SALON

COMMON LIVING

COMMUNITY YARD

2-BR LIVING

STUDIO

RESTAURANT SHOP

COMMON LIVING

STORAGE SHOP

SERVICE SHOP

OFFICE

GROCERY

BIKE PARKING

Private

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

Semi-Public

Public

0

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AERIAL VIEW OF THE NEIGHBOURHOOD ENSEMBLE

VIEW TOWARDS THE NEIGHBOURHOOD FROM STAMPIONENSTRAAT

ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD

VIEW ALONG THE COMMUNITY YARD TOWARDS THE OPEN-AIR MARKET HALL

conclusion Through this research, we learned that various programmes and actors have critical contributions in making a multi-scalar urban regeneration project work.

For Feijenoord to have a deeply-rooted and localised improvement, community inclusion has been a key consideration to ensure that any improvements would last beyond the built intervention. This fosters a sense of ownership towards the built environment

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and ensure every catalysts project work for the common good. The Collective Ensemble project, as an example, enables a diverse group of actors and collaborators to work together for the housing development to be successfully integrated to the existing context. Lastly, to achieve a truly diverse neighbourhood for Feijenoord, a careful curation of the programmes has been embedded in the development of the project.

opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

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6

postscript

sketches

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opportunistic urbanism studio 2018

collective ensemble // urban design studio b

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