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The research hypothesis and focus of this article is that ex- treme scores on the NEO-FFI, alone or in combination with a categorical screening instrument like the SAPAS-SR, is a good screener in an outpatient psychiatric population. Table 1. Five-factor model profiles and DSM-IV personality disorders. Concizia NEO-FFI-3\u2122 permite administrarea sa \u00een situa\u021biile \u00een care timpul este o resurs\u0103 pre\u021bioas\u0103, oferind \u00eentr-o perioad\u0103 scurt\u0103 rezultate cu putere interpretativ\u0103 mare (10 minute pentru completare - scorare automat\u0103 instantanee - profil extins). Saucier (1998) derived 13 item clusters for the NEO-FFI domains, which, though not isomorphic with the NEO-PI-R facet scales, correspond generally well with several of them. No participant had extreme scores on all five basic personality traits. In the present study we compared persons who stutter with a control group matched to age and gender. Part of these data were presented at the May 2016 annual meeting of the Association for Psychological Science, Chicago, IL. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Prior research ( Gooding et al., 2015 ) using community adults demonstrated moderately strong associations between total ACIPS scores and scores on scales measuring social connectedness and the need to belong. Thus, we expected to see significant positive associations between total ACIPS scores and scores on the NEO-FFI scales measuring Extraversion and Agreeableness, both primarily dimensions of interpersonal behavior. Furthermore, in Spanish, there are very few alternatives to evaluate mindfulness. This is important because in the past studies, social anhedonia has been investigated primarily from an extreme-groups perspective; the advantage of studying the influence of personality traits is that it affords more of an individual differences perspective. Social anhedonia appears to encompass asociality, affective components, and social withdrawal. Major research questions are: 1) is the NEO-FFI a useful screening instru- ment for PDs? 2) does the NEO-FFI outperform a categorical screening instrument (SAPAS-SR)? 3) does combining both instruments improve the screening results. In addition to gender, the regression analyses revealed that the Sociability, Prosocial Orientation, Activity, and Positive Affect item clusters significantly predicted the ACIPS scores. The findings with respect to Neuroticism could be replicated in our sample. This model is a general com- prehensive framework for structuring individual differences. The 13 factor-analytic derived item clusters and their adjective descriptors provided by Saucier (1997, 1998 ) provide greater fidelity with which to describe the personality characteristics of the respondents for the NEO-FFI. The ACIPS was specifically designed to assess individual differences in the ability to experience pleasure from social and interpersonal interactions, such as sharing experiences and feelings and communicating feelings with others, whether in person or remotely. Resources Dive into our extensive resources on the topic that interests you. Nearly 1,900 college-aged participants completed the Chapman Revised Social Anhedonia Scale (RSAS), Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale (ACIPS), and the NEO-FFI. Add Links Send readers directly to specific items or pages with shopping and web links. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press. Trull, T. (1992). DSM-III-R Personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality: An empirical comparison. Not surprisingly, the results indicate that the Schizoid PD is greatly over-screened when using that profile. The Agreeableness domain and trust facet were inversely associated with social anhedonia in both men and women. Ross et al. (2002) also observed that Openness to Experience was inversely associated with RSAS in women, and the Openness facet of feelings was negatively associated with RSAS scores in both men and women. All these instruments are based on the Diagnostic and Statis- tical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) and the International Classification of Dis- eases and Related Health Problems (ICD) (World Health Or- ganization, 1992). For both males and females, ACIPS total scores were positively associated with Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, and inversely associated with Neuroticism. Inclusion criteria were as follows: undergraduate student status in introductory Psychology classes during those particular semesters; normal or corrected-to-normal vision; and age at least 18 years on the day of assessment. In summary, it appears that social anhedonia is multidimensional, associated with various personality domains encompassing social approach and withdrawal. However, the Neuroticism facet of angry
hostility was related to social anhedonia in both genders. In this paper, we analyze the psychometric properties of the FMI-14.
For the future, longitudinal studies are of high importance in this field, because higher Neuroticism scores are likely to be a consequence and not an etiological factor of stuttering. The first author (S.G.) was blind for the NEO-FFI and SAPAS-SR re- sults prior to the SCID-II interview session. The first part contains eight open ques- tions which address broad general behavior interpersonal rela- tionships, and introspective ability of the patient. Prior research ( Gooding and Pflum, 2014b; Gooding et al., 2015 ) also indicates that the RSAS and ACIPS are strongly and negatively correlated with each other, though they also have unique aspects of variance. Associate Member of the European Test Publishers Group. Th e most statistically significant simple correlation involved Agreeableness. Exclusion criteria included English as a second language and age under than 18 on the day of assessment. Continuing this line of research, and extending it to include the assessment of social anhedonia in people with autism spectrum conditions, and relating measures of the construct to distinct levels of personality traits may assist us in further understanding the ontogeny of psychopathology and disabilities. Measurement of trait and distress characteristics: The ADP-IV. Factor analysis revealed that the three domains ac- counted for 53.8% of the total variance. Although there were no sex differences in terms of either Perceptual Aberration or Magical Ideation scale scores, the male participants reported significantly higher levels of both social and physical anhedonia. For both males and females, ACIPS total scores were positively associated with Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, and inversely associated with Neuroticism. However, by including the full range of scores from both measures, rather than using only the top decile of scores, we included the full continuum of possible responses. The ACIPS scores were predicted by scores on the Sociability, Prosocial Orientation, Activity, and Positive Affect item clusters in addition to gender. The SCID-II is primarily designed to make a categori- cal diagnosis of PD. The majority of these analyses failed to find sig- nificant associations. First, all personality domain scores were transformed into dichotomous scores (extremity of rating ver- sus no extremity of rating) that contrasted the top 10% and the bottom 10% scores, on the one hand, with the scores reflecting the less extreme range (11% - 89%), on the other hand. GIFs Highlight your latest work via email or social media with custom GIFs. Psychological Assessment: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1, 305-316. Pearson product moment correlation analyses were conducted to calculate the association between the questionnaire measures. Statistics Make data-driven decisions to drive reader engagement, subscriptions, and campaigns. Table 4 provides the predictors of the ACIPS total scores that were revealed from linear multiple regression analyses. Agreeableness correlated negatively with six PDs, namely, Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal, Antisocial, Borderline, and Histrionic PD. Conscientiousness was not associated with RSAS scores in either men or women in the Ross et al. (2002) sample. Even though the five-factor model may be considered comprehensive, it is conceivable that the facet scores as originally measured by the NEO-PI-R, are nec- essary in order to provide im portant additiona l information. Interviewers need prior for- mal training in using the SCID-II and a quite profound knowl- edge of psychopathology as a whole, since clinical judgment plays an essential role in translating the wide range of possible patient reactions to each question into one of the response choices. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. In order to ensure the maximum yield of completed surveys, the surveys relevant to the present study were always at the front of the packet and administered in fixed order. Moreover, no support could be found for our expectation that extreme scores on the NEO-FFI should add value to the screening capabilities of the SAPAS-SR. Seventy-eight patients (40%) showed an extreme score on one of the domains, 31 (15.9%) on two domains, 14 (7.2%) on three domains, and two patients (1%) on four domains.
Further- more, the NEO-FFI did not outperform a short categorical screener like the SAPAS-SR. There were sex differences in terms of the NEO personality factors, whereby the female participants reported significantly higher levels of Neuroticism, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, and the males reported significantly higher levels of Openness to Experience. Table 2 provides the mean scores along with standard deviations for all the self-report measures included in this investigation. This is not surprising, considering the disappointing results of the usefulness of the NEO-FFI as a screening instrument for PDs. Both EP and MP assisted in the writing of the manuscript. As indicated in Table 3, the total ACIPS score was also associated with several of the item clusters defined by Saucier (1998). This yielded a range of 1 (no extremity of rating) to 4 (extremity of rating on four traits). The resultant questionnaire consisted of 179 true-false items. The Perceptual Aberration scale ( Chapman et al., 1978 ) is a 35-item scale that taps transient body image and perceptual distortions, whereas the 30-item Magical Ideation scale ( Eckblad et al., 1983 ) assesses belief in causality that is invalid. The 13 factor-analytic derived item clusters and their adjective descriptors provided by Saucier (1997, 1998 ) provide greater fidelity with which to describe the personality characteristics of the respondents for the NEO-FFI. Although there were no sex differences in terms of either Perceptual Aberration or Magical Ideation scale scores, the male participants reported significantly higher levels of both social and physical anhedonia. Such research would be enhanced by the inclusion of measures of approach and withdrawal as well. The correlations analyses and the regression analyses show associations between the NEO-FFI and the DSM-VI-TR PD criteria, but not very strong ones; the R2 coefficients were for all the PDs between.10 and.21, which means that between 10% and 21% of the variance was explained. For the JTCI 3-6 there still exists a lack of empirical evidence concerning the agegroup 3 to 6 and the field of psychological guidance. 31 mothers, whose children received psychological guidance at the test- and guidance center of the faculty of psychology at the university of vienna and 35 mothers, whose children did not receive such guidance, participated in testing the personality of their children through the JTCI 3-6. The SAPAS-SR has better screening potential than the NEO-FFI or the SAPAS-SR and the NEO-FFI to- gether. Based on findings by Ross et al. (2002) and Kwapil et al. (2008), we expected that there would be significant relationships between scores on the RSAS and scores on the NEO-FFI domains of Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Agreeableness. Iverach et al. reported that 93 adult participants seeking speech treatment for stuttering in Australia and New Zealand were associated with significantly higher Neuroticism, lower Conscientiousness and lower Agreeableness scores compared to normative data from an Australian and an United States sample. Introduction Currently, in the field of psychology welfare, mindfulness is one of the most researched topics. The SCID-II interview took place one week after the initial clinical appointment. Research ( Gooding and Pflum, 2014a, b ) indicates that variance in the ACIPS ( Gooding and Pflum, 2014b ) is accounted for by four interrelated factors, namely, general social interactions, close relationships, bonding over shared interests and experiences, and family-related interactions. It had the highest frequency, according to SCID-II diagnoses. We expected that use of Saucier’s (1998) item clusters would provide better delineation of the personality attributes associated with each of the five NEOFFI domains. After screening for random responding, incomplete questionnaires, and individuals who did not meet age criteria, the resultant sample consisted of 1890 (876 male, 1,014 female) participants. The RSAS scores were predicted by Sociability, Nonantagonistic Orientation, Positive Affect, and Activity item clusters. In summary, it appears that social anhedonia is multidimensional, associated with various personality domains encompassing social approach and withdrawal. Video Say more by seamlessly including video within your publication. Issuu turns PDFs and other files into interactive flipbooks and engaging content for every channel. In case of non-eligibility, there was no second draw that day. In addition, values for sensitivity, specificity, and correctly classified cases were calculated. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). Costa and McCrea (1990) have suggested that the fivefactor model of personality is highly relevant to the conceptualization and assessment of PDs.
