Jan/Feb 2018

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Arizona’s Timeless Magazine, Enjoyed Now Bi-Monthly

Serving Contracting Firms and the Arizona Community. . .

«Construction Strategies for Historic Buildings

«Capturing Elegance: Jacob John Schotanus, Jr. AIA

«Phoenix Changes Documented in New Book

«Victor Gruen: Arizona's On-Call Architect

«The Story of Phoenix Civic Plaza

«Early Sidewalk, Curb, and Gutter machines

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Arizona contractor & Community

Get organized

Publisher William Horner Billy@arizcc.com

What's your

2018 New Year’s Resolution ?

Editor Douglas Towne Douglas@arizcc.com

Giving Tom his assignments earlier

See Arizona

Be More Kind

Contributing Writers Michelle Dodds Christia Gibbons Tom Gibbons Autumn Jarrett Tammi Keckler Jay Mark Luke Snell Shannon Sowby Doug Sydnor

To finish my

assignments earlier

Production Manager Laura Horner Laura@arizcc.com Publisher’s Representatives Tom Hogarty Tom@arizcc.com Rick Lafond Rick@arizcc.com Gary Rothbard Gary@arizcc.com Barry Warner Barry@arizcc.com Advertising 602-931-0069 Arizcc.com/advertise

Exercise more

Serving Contracting Firms and the Arizona Community… Then & Now Arizona Contractor & Community (ACC) magazine is published bi-monthly (Jan/Feb, Mar/Apr, May/June, July/Aug, Sept/Oct, and Nov/Dec). ACC is a professional publication designed for the contracting industry, engineers, architects, equipment rentals, suppliers, and others interested in Arizona and its history.

Content including text, photographs or illustrations may not be reproduced without the written permission from the publisher. The publisher does not assume responsibility for unsolicited submissions.

ACC reserves the right to reject any editorial and advertising material and reserves the right to edit all submitted content material.

Arizona Contractor & Community Copyright © 2018 All rights reserved.

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Jan-Feb 2018

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Arizona contractor & Community

Meet the Staff

M

For Information Contact: Brad Cable (602) 415-0449 • Cell (602) 763-8039 Email: bradc@rec-reuter.com

ALL THE GEAR YOU NEED Hercrentals.com Call for rates and reservations Gilbert: 480-507-1680 Phoenix: 602-269-5931 Peoria: 623-760-0631 Tucson: 520-573-1344

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ichelle Dodds is the Historic Preservation Officer for the City of Phoenix. She oversees an office of seven, including five Historic Preservation Planners and the Secretary to the Historic Preservation Commission.

The Historic Preservation Office is responsible for the protection, enhancement, and preservation of the city's historic and cultural resources. The office works with the Historic Preservation Commission to designate properties on the Phoenix Historic Property Register and ensure their protection through a design review process. The city also offers incentives for historic property rehabilitation through four grant programs funded by Historic Preservation Bond Funds.

The office makes recommendations on nominations for the National Register of Historic Places and reviews projects where there is a federal nexus to determine their effect on designated or eligible historic properties. The city often assists consultants in preparing Historic Property Surveys to determine what properties are eligible for historic designation. Staff also reviews demolition requests for properties on the Phoenix Register, properties identified as register-eligible, and any commercial property that is more than 50 years old.

The Historic Preservation Commission and staff work closely with the State Historic Preservation Office, preservation organizations, and the broader preservation community to meet these responsibilities.

J

ay Mark has had a long and diverse career that includes commercial photography, professional theater, radio, and television. He even had a stint as track announcer for Greyhound Parks of Arizona. For 35 years Jay and his wife owned THOSE WERE THE DAYS! antiques and bookstore on Mill Avenue.

Jay works in historic preservation, history museums, public transportation, urban planning, and public policy. He often speaks to groups for the New Frontiers for Lifelong Learning program at Mesa Community College, and through the Arizona Humanities Council, AZ Speaks program.

He has produced eight antiques-related books for Dover Publications. With Mark Vinson and others, he co-authored And Tiko-Tu?, a study of East Valley mid-century architecture.

Jay also recently co-wrote with Ron Peters Buckhorn Baths & Wildlife Museum, a book chronicling the fascinating story of one of Arizona’s most iconic roadside attractions.

Always busy, Jay has penned more than 800 weekly local history columns for The Arizona Republic community editions and regularly writes features for the Antique Register.

Jay is honored by the invitation to be a regular contributor to Arizona Contractor & Community, a publication that in its few short years has established itself as a significant archive of the physical history of Arizona.

Jan-Feb 2018

Volume 7 Issue 1

CONTENTS 10.

13.

30.

32.

38.

42.

46.

50.

54.

56.

61.

62.

From The Editor: Magazine Takes Next Step Douglas Towne Construction Around Arizona: Projects • People • Practices Back When: Pit Stop - Douglas Towne Inadvertent Homebuilder: John F. Long Douglas Towne Don’t Remuddle, Rehabilitate: Construction Strategies for Historic Buildings - Michelle Dodds Time Passages: Phoenix Changes Documented in New Book - Douglas Towne Architect Victor Gruen’s “Long” Reach into Arizona Jay Mark Architect’s Perspective: Jacob John Schotanus, Jr. AIA: Capturing Elegance - Doug Sydnor, FAIA Building on the Past: 1972: Phoenix Civic Plaza Digging Through the Archives: Early Sidewalk, Curb, and Gutter Devices - William Horner Bid Results - Bidjudge ACC Advertisers’ Index

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John F. Long (left) at the groundbreaking for the Maryvale Terrace subdivision located at 51st Avenue and Indian School Road, 1955.

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We also want to encourage veterans of the construction industry to connect with us to tell their stories. Billy Horner and I recently had the rare pleasure of interviewing two such pioneers, who had met during construction of the Central Avenue Underpass in 1939. An article in our magazine led to the reunion of 97-year old James Bond and 101-year-old Robert E. Canion Jr.

Images courtesy of Author

T

he venerable Charles “Chuck” Runbeck, the guiding light of Arizona Contractor & Community magazine isn’t shy about passing on wisdom gained from almost 70 years in the publishing business. "If you're not growing, you're dying," he says.

We have listened.

Starting with this issue, the magazine will arrive in your mailbox every other month instead of once a quarter. Not to worry, our bi-monthly publication will continue to have current construction news, profiles, and practices, and feature articles that reveal through words and vintage images what construction – and life – was like back in the day in Arizona.

Another change is the recent debut of the magazine’s blog, which will ping your email a few times a week with updates on construction activity or magazine activities.

Think of it as another way to stay connected to the industry and our publication.

The magazine staff wants to thank our advertisers for sticking with us during this transition and remind companies who are celebrating an anniversary, a changing of the guard, or other significant events to consider a special advertising section to commemorate the occasion.

We were inspired by their camaraderie, entertaining stories, and memories Some other elders who have inspired me are the largely unknown artists who created advertising for countless vintage businesses. These largely forgotten establishments only remaining vestiges are often their most pedestrian wares: matchbooks, postcards, and window decals.

I utilize these materials to create art pieces called floating montages. My creations spotlight the unique advertisements, which often proudly display their owner’s names and feature phrases and telephone exchanges undecipherable to today’s youth. Supplemented by photography, maps, and quotes, the advertisements are incorporated in humorous and thoughtprovoking compositions that reflect upon changes in our landscape and society.

Of particular interest to Valley residents is the composition, “What’s Grand about Grand Avenue” that opens a window to the past grandeur of Phoenix’s gridchallenged street. Like with Arizona Contractor & Community magazine, I’ve discovered there’s a market for these creations as they’ve been featured in many Arizona galleries.

I hope you enjoy these montages-and the stories featured in this newest version of the magazine. Article topics range from homebuilder John F. Long to architect Victor Gruen, who both left their mark on the Valley. Accounts and images, I’m confident, you’ll find nowhere else.

Chuck Runbeck conducting business in 1961.

Jan-Feb 2018

Our Distribution & Circulation ?

Certainly… Here it is… We’re proud of it magazine ?

Where can you find

Copies are available at Books - 9201 North Seventh Ave., Phoenix, AZ 85021

Circulation Breakdown ?

Circulation- 5,200 magazines per issue, published six times per year receives an average three time pass-along rate, with a total readership of 15,600 per issue, with more than 93,600 readers per year!

Distribution breakdown General Building/General Engineering contractors Sub Contractors manufacturers/Suppliers Insurance/pr/consultants/agencies Developers/lenders/architects Equipment sales & Rentals Subscribers/other

Tucson

(520) 682-4063

Sierra Vista

(520) 378-2321

Globe

(928) 425-5775

Phoenix

(602) 416-2652

Flagstaff

(928) 526-5250

Prescott

(928) 443-9207

Camp Verde

(928) 567-0893

Yuma

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Bullhead

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Projects Construction Around Arizona

Construction Around Arizona

Image courtesy of Author

Projects ∙ People ∙ Practices

Construction Races Along on Track: Phoenix Raceway Upgrades Fan Experience Tom Gibbons

P

hoenix Raceway, built in 1964 and home to two NASCAR races each year, could use some freshening up.

So could NASCAR. Parent company International Sports Corporation has committed $178 million to make the venerable race track a better fan experience.

The improvements include: ● Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series Garage Fan Zone, a first in the sport, where fans will be able to see drivers up close in the garage. www.Arizcc.com

● New and refurbished seating areas, including a new grandstand. ● Additional luxury suites and a club and dining area called Curve. ● Wi-Fi throughout the facility. ● New escalators and elevators, concession stands, a redesigned midway — and most importantly — more bathrooms.

“When our project is completed, we will have a venue that delivers amazing fan experiences to go along with our reputation for great racing action,” Phoenix Raceway President Bryan R. Sperber said in a statement at the time the renovations and improvements were announced.

David Carter, executive director of the Sports Business Institute at the University of Southern California, said the project addresses a major challenge for auto racing and other big sports.

“The more a race fan can get a look and a feel or a vibe about what goes into a car, into race preparation — that is truly important,’’ he said. “Going to a college football game, NASCAR race, so many other events, really become an all-day commitment. You’d better make sure that commitment is worthwhile. And you’d better hope that when that consumer goes back to the office or the classroom on Monday, they are talking about the great experience they had.”

The sporting event still will be the center of the experience, Carter said. But “no sport can rely entirely on what happens on the track or the field," he said.

The track update comes at a crucial time for NASCAR. TV ratings are down.

Sponsorship money is shrinking. And the most popular driver, Dale Earnhardt Jr. retired at the end of the 2017 season.

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Jan-Feb 2018

Projects

Much of the heavy lifting came before the actual groundbreaking in February 2017, said Glenn Kubricky, project director for Okland Construction.

The first order of business was to work with subcontractors and suppliers to trim $70 million out of the cost, while still delivering the upgrades International Sports Corporation demanded.“There was months and months of value engineering,’’ Kubricky said. “In fact, we were further along in design in July 2016 than we were in November 2016. That put in a lot of challenges because our timetable never changed.”

The project still has to be finished by November 2018. Because the track is still holding significant events, the project has multiple deadlines. “We had milestones and sequencing so we could break this thing up into pieces we could get to," he said. “The goal is to phase it and turn over completed areas so we could keep giving new areas and renovated areas over to the fans.”

The first major phase was the renovation of the Allison seating area and the construction of the Curve club area for the Can_Am 500 in November.“We got to go in and watch the race. That was quite a transformation,’’ Kubricky said.

After the race ended, it was back to work the next day. Kubricky said there are about 250 to 300 workers on the job site each day.

The old garage was demolished the week after the November race weekend.

The new garage and hospitality area will be completed by spring.

The race is on.

Construction Around Arizona

NASCAR, once primarily a sport in the South, began breaking from its regional confines in the 1970s. NASCAR brought its top level of racing, then known as the Winston Cup, to Phoenix International Raceway in the late 1980s.

It was an instant hit. A record crowd of 60,000 saw Alan Kulwicki earn his first Winston Cup win.

By the 1990s NASCAR was eclipsing opened-wheeled racing as America's preferred motorsport. IndyCar continued to coexist at the track through 2005. After a decade's absence, IndyCar returned to Phoenix Raceway in April 2016 with the Desert Diamond West Valley Phoenix Grand Prix.

The track will be renamed ISM Raceway, after Ingenuity Sun Media, when the modernization project is completed. ISM is reportedly paying $100 million over 10 years for the naming rights.

Barton Malow, a Michigan-based contractor on the $400 million renovation at Daytona Speedway, was looking for a regional contractor for a partner and chose Okland Construction for the design/ build in Phoenix. Okland has offices in Utah, Idaho, and Arizona. Among its past projects are a renovation of the Vivint Smart Home Arena, home to the NBA Utah Jazz, the construction of Days of '47 Rodeo Arena in Salt Lake City, and the Tempe Center for the Arts.

Okland and Malow hired two architecture firms, Rossetti, a Detroit firm that designed the Ford Field for the NFL’s Detroit Lions, and DLR Group, a Washington, D.C.-based firm with an office in Phoenix that is best-known for FedExField, home of the Washington Redskins.

Images courtesy of Author

NASCAR stopped giving attendance estimates a few years ago. But International Sports Corporation said when it reported its earnings in July that attendance was down 6.5 percent for the spring races, which included a race at Phoenix Raceway.

International Sports Corporation’s success is tied to NASCAR’s. NASCAR, long the most popular form of racing in the United States, provides the major events at the company’s 13 tracks, including the Daytona International Speedway. But the ties are even tighter.

Both entities were founded by Bill France Sr. Grandson Brian France is the CEO and chairman of NASCAR and the chairman of International Sports Corporation. His sister, Lesa France Kennedy, is the CEO of International Sports Corporation and on the board of NASCAR. International Sports Corporation bought the Phoenix track in 1997.

Known until recently as Phoenix International Raceway, the track originally was designed with a road course and a drag strip. Accommodating the drag strip created the track's most notable feature, a dogleg from Turn 2 onto the backstretch.

In its early days, the track was primarily home to IndyCar, at the time the most popular form of auto racing in the United States. The first race, the Phoenix 100, was won by AJ Foyt, who went on to win the Indianapolis 500 a record four times (since tied) and won NASCAR’s signature race, the Daytona 500.

For years the IndyCar season began and ended in Phoenix, with races named for Bobby Ball and Jimmy Bryan, two successful IndyCar drivers from Arizona who died racing.

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Projects Construction Around Arizona

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or more than half a century, autos were pushed to their limits at the General Motors Proving Ground in Mesa.

But the vehicles doing the heavy lifting at the site today are excavators, loaders, motor graders, scrapers, and a Gomaco curb machine, not speeding cars. The former GM facility closed in 2009 and is now being developed by DMB Developers as Eastmark, a new large-scale community.

DCS Contracting, Inc. is using this construction equipment for roadway and utility improvements on the site.

DCS Contracting is putting in the infrastructure for Phase VIII of the housing development. The company’s work also includes the signalizing of the nearby intersection at Ray and Signal Butte roads. This project will allow the continued construction of housing parcels and expansion of the Eastmark Great Park to the north of Point Twenty-Two Boulevard.

The number 22 is significant to the development. Many of Eastmark’s streets are set at a 22-degree shift off the conventional grid to focus attention on the community’s views of the Superstition Mountains. The unique street angle helps with solar orientation and optimizes shading on the sides of homes and buildings.

The most unusual aspect of DCS Contracting’s work is that this is the first East-

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mark project to have an arch culvert, according to an unidentified DCS Contracting spokesperson. The arch culvert is also being used as pedestrian access under Point Twenty-Two Boulevard, an arterial roadway running east-west from Signal Butte to Ellsworth roads for access to the Eastmark Great Park and HOA facilities.

The $5.3 million project started in August 2017 and is due to be completed in July 2018. Many subcontractors were involved: Utility Construction Company for dry utilities, Gothic Landscape for landscaping, Hardscape for entry monument structures, Olson Pre-Cast for manholes, Olson Concrete for the arch culvert, and Tetra Tech for casings under the arch culvert.

A DCS Contracting spokesperson said that this is the company’s third project with DMB Developers at Eastmark. “Through this, we have developed a great working relationship ensuring timely and on cost completion of construction work for the development.”

Images courtesy of DCS Contracting

Construction Speeds Along at Former Proving Ground

Arizona contractor & Community

BRANDON GALLIMORE Land Surveying Services Construction Staking

7777 N 70TH AVE GLENDALE, AZ 85303

O. 623.466.6640 I F. 623.879.0611 C. 623.707.7067 I E. BRANDON@METROAZ.NET

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Projects Construction Around Arizona

“Ins and Outs” of Ina Road Project Autumn Jarrett

I

Herrmann said that despite the increase in traffic as a result of the construction there has been little resistance to the project. Residents understand that it is a growing part of Pima County, he said.

Brann added, “Ina Road corridor is a very important corridor for the town in terms of our business districts and in terms of it being a regional east-to-west corridor reaching all the way from northwest Tucson to eastern Pima County.”

While local businesses have been impacted by the construction, they are expected to experience a boost once the bridge is completed, Herrmann said.

Town of Marana Communications Manager Vickie Hathaway said, “We believe

the upgraded interchange will help make the area an even more vibrant business district. The area already has a number of terrific businesses, but with the improved interchange and increased traffic flow we believe the area can be an even bigger draw for new businesses in Marana.”

The project is to be completed in early 2019 around February or March, Herrmann said. “Nothing is saying that it will be any later.” is a student reporter at Arizona State University’s Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication.

Images courtesy of ADOT

n a joint venture, Sundt and Kiewit are more than six months into constructing a two-year project that will elevate Ina Road over the freeway outside of Tucson. The work has necessitated closing the ramps both directions at Ina Road and Interstate 10.

The project is expected to cost $140 million and is funded by state, local and federal money.

What was once a straight stretch for I-10 drivers between Phoenix and Tucson now has some bends and jogs in the road, in both directions. The speed limit drops and state troopers are manning the area.

So, beware with your accelerator.

Arizona Department of Transportation spokesman Tom Herrmann said after the Ina Road-Interstate 10 interchange project is completed, Ina Road drivers no longer will have to stop for train traffic at the Union Pacific Railroad tracks.

Town of Marana Engineer Keith Brann said, “We cannot stress enough the importance of replacing the at-grade railroad crossing at such a busy intersection from a safety and traffic standpoint.”

The project has remained on schedule, despite heavy monsoon storms in the Tucson area this year.

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Arizona contractor & Community

BRANTLEY GALLIMORE TRAFFIC CONTROL SERVICES

7777 N 70TH AVE GLENDALE, AZ 85303

O. (623) 879-0610 I F. (623) 879-0611 E. BRANTLEY@METROTRAFFICCONTROL.NET

CONSOLIDATED ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTORS, INC. 4200 EAST UNIVERSITY DRIVE

PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85034

Phone: 602-437-4200 Fax: 602-437-0773 E-Mail: conorq@cedphx.xom Website: www.cedphx.com

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Projects Construction Around Arizona

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ldorado on 1st is a new mixed-use residential community designed by Phoenix architect Will Bruder at 6901 East First Street in Scottsdale’s Urban Arts District. “With only seven homes available, Eldorado on 1st is a truly exclusive opportunity for a select group of homeowners to experience the finest in urban living in an unparalleled location,” said Chris Chamberlain, a development partner with the Toronto-based North American Development Group’s Scottsdale office.

The new mixed-use building will be joining the current collection of the neighborhood’s boutique hotels, museums, theaters, galleries, offices, cafes, retail, and residential space. Chamberlain added that he is extremely proud of the project and expressed his gratitude to Will Bruder and his team, saying "it was an incredible journey to work alongside a Valley icon in the design, building, and completion of this unique project."

The luxury development features sandblasted concrete masonry, steel cladding, and shaded glazing on its four levels. "In massing and in scale, materiality and form, each home will be a unique invention for urban living animated each day by the ever-changing patterns of shadow and

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light, giving memory to the subtle seasonal nuances of life,” Bruder said.

The homes range in size from 3,202 to 3,472 square feet, and the prices start at $1.58 million.

After the groundbreaking in May 2016, construction was completed in October 2017. The building is on East First and North 69th streets in Scottsdale. Bruner learned that 69th Street was initially called Eldorado, hence the development was named Eldorado on 1st.

The general contractor for Eldorado on 1st is Frontera Building Company, which was formed in 2008. Frontera is a developer-based construction firm that is knowledgeable of lender, city and tenant

requirements to deliver a cost-effective, high-quality project.

South Korean-born artist Jay Atherton has been commissioned to create an art installation for the community entitled, “Four Points for Contemplation.”

Images courtesy of Author

Bruner Digs Into Past for Eldorado

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Jan-Feb 2018

Tammi Keckler

I

t comes as no surprise that we continue to hear about the devastating damage that both Hurricanes Harvey and Irma have done. The reparations have only just begun, but history tells us that we have a long road ahead before the destruction can be reversed entirely.

As we’ve learned from past natural disasters, the impact of these storms is far-reaching. Not only were entire communities wiped out, costing an estimated $290 billion in damages combined, but various businesses nationwide will be affected, particularly the construction industry.

The demand for construction workers has been steadily increasing during the last few years. In the wake of Hurricanes Harvey’s and Irma’s aftermath, the labor squeeze has only become worse. Just this past June, before the hurricanes even hit, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that there were 225,000 construction job openings. To put this in perspective, that is a 30 percent jump from last year and a 125 percent jump since 2012.

This severe shortage of construction workers is expected to cause widespread delays and push both labor and material costs sharply higher. These increases will occur not only in the areas that were damaged but nationwide.

Chances are your business’ recruitment methods haven’t changed much over time. Perhaps merely tapping into your network or posting job ads online may not be cutting it at this moment. Seek out companies that specialize in connecting contractors with qualified workers, like the Construction Recruiters Network, Aerotek, and Building Team Solutions.

One of the most prevalent factors contributing to the construction worker shortage is that there are fewer young men and women pursuing trade and vocational education. This deficiency is partially due to their unwillingness to enter a business with short-term contractors. Successfully navigate this setback by taking the time to train new employees and creating an apprentice-type program to encourage teamwork and longevity within the company.

Projects

Even though the construction industry is currently at a bit of a crossroads, there is no shortage of projects to be tackled, which bodes well for the sector’s long-term health. According to the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, contractors remain confident about new business over the next year. In fact, 97 percent have either high or moderate confidence, and 95 percent expect either higher or stable revenue.

However, these optimistic expectations rest on acquiring the workforce necessary to get the job done. How then can we, as general contractors, navigate the construction worker shortage?

Experiencing more turnover than usual?

Maybe it’s time to revisit the reasons why people left your company previously. In doing so, look for patterns to help improve your recruitment and retention efforts.

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the construction industry has the second-highest suicide rate of all occupations, driven by the unstable nature of employment. Construction-related injuries are also an ongoing issue. Foster a positive work environment by engaging in open dialogue with your workers, building trusted relationships and providing a clear path for advancement.

These days, a lot of administrative minutiae can be completed quicker with automated programs, like time-tracking devices, scheduling applications, financial management tools, and collaboration software. If you’re struggling to find the time needed to build up a skilled staff, consider employing this technology that will save both time and money in the long run.

Maintaining a stable workforce is a challenge these days. While things may be challenging for the construction industry currently in maintaining a stable workforce, there is a silver lining. If you, like the vast majority of contractors nationwide, are experiencing difficulty hiring and retaining quality construction workers, it might be time to take a step back to identify the root of your company’s problem. For all you know, it could be a relatively easy fix!

Images courtesy of Author

is the CFO, CEO, and Partner at JGL Consulting, a full-service general contracting company that has been serving the greater Phoenix area since 2016, handling all types of construction and home improvement projects.

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Arizona contractor & Community

Construction Around Arizona

Hurricanes’ Impact on the Construction Business: The Tall and Short of It

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Christia Gibbons

K

assidy Hounslow named her company, which matches construction workers with construction employers through Horizontal Tradesman, PebbleBam because her childhood nickname was Pebbles.

When I was younger, some of my family called me Pebbles; I used to often dress like Pebbles from “The Flintstones.”

When I was brainstorming for a name to call my business, I was thinking about my nickname as a kid, and then I remembered Fred Flintstone worked in the quarry and he worked in construction running a dinosaur as a loader and it all came together: PebbleBam. I wanted a name for the industry to remember both with the site and my nickname.

As many construction companies know, we are dealing with a shortage of workers in Arizona. I saw there was a market for this topic and the past three years I’ve wanted something of my own and my own business. I figured since I am now the fourth generation to the industry in my family, why not start something that can help a lot of people, giving them jobs to support their family and working on fixing the construction workforce in Arizona with a site specifically for the industry?

PebbleBam (the website is pebblebam.com) consists of three entities,

I’ve heard from relatives and friends in the construction industry that there are not enough workers to fill the positions. It has

become worse over the years finding people willing to work in this Arizona heat.

Also due to next generation changing, I feel this problem will only get worse if we don’t get on top of it now.

I’m a native to Mesa, growing up in the East Valley and graduating from Red Mountain High School.

I have always enjoyed playing sports.

I’m currently in the fitness industry working as an independent personal trainer and a part-time aerobics instructor teaching barre conditioning. I often go to the batting cages, the rock gym, and any off-road racing event I can attend. I’m a bit of a tomboy at heart, but I also enjoy taking care of myself as a woman, but I’m not afraid to get my hands dirty. Growing up my mom had me in pageants, and my dad had me on a dirt bike. I also played softball for 15 years and hope one day to have a PebbleBam softball team.​

To acquire sponsorship support from the industry to help market the employment needs to the community using social media platforms, etc. because most of the younger generations are using them. There are now 2 billion Facebook users in the world and 2.8 million in Arizona alone.

Image courtesy of Pebblebam

To have all the sites running together as you know as the PebbleBam family and supplying more workers to the industry and eventually throughout the U.S.

PebbleBam’s Kassidy Hounslow meets with project superintendent Jeff Sermena with Chasse Building Team on site at San Tan Pavilions in Gilbert.

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I’m reading Tim Tebow’s book, Shaken.

I enjoy this book because it’s about selfprogress and going through disappointments in life, as we all do as humans on this earth. I’ve gone through my own ups and downs, and the type of person I am is always to rise above and conquer​ any dream that may cross your path. My favorite quote is, “The same hot water that softens the potato hardens the egg. It's all about what you’re made of and what makes you stronger."

Arizona contractor & Community

People

starting with Horizontal Tradesman, which caters to civil construction, matching up the contractor and worker per category and trade. The second entity Tradesman Professional is coming soon and will match up the construction employer with the construction professional/administrative worker.

Also, vendors and suppliers who deal with the contractor will be able to post job needs. The final and third entity will be Vertical Tradesman and will be specific to the building trades matching up the worker and contractor.

Construction Around Arizona

PebbleBam: Interview with Kassidy Hounslow, Head Honcho

DCSCONTRACTING.COM • P:480-732-9238 11525 E Germann Rd, Chandler, AZ 85286 Twenty six

Jan-Feb 2018

I

t’s no surprise that working in the building trades can be physically demanding. In fact, construction is one of the most dangerous industries in the U.S. In Arizona, where more than 100,000 workers are employed in the construction industry, that puts a great many people at risk for everything from fall-related injuries to carpal tunnel syndrome.

But how many of these potential problems are preventable? Contrary to what some believe, strains and pains don’t have to be an accepted part of the job.

Have you considered whether your team is working ergonomically? If they’re not, you might be losing money on diminished productivity, worker sick leave and even workers’ comp claims. Back injuries alone are a significant problem: construction workers are 50 percent more likely to suffer from this ailment than any other American industry.

Here are three ways to ensure that your job site is as spine-safe as it can be.

The most common injuries are related to overuse and repetitive motion, which strains muscles, tendons, and intervertebral discs. Try to identify and utilize tools and building materials that minimize the need for human bending, stooping, and other awkward postures.

What's more, loads that will be moved by hand should have their weight labeled

Practices

Shannon Sowby

to ensure that your team is not putting undue stress on the back. The best rule of thumb is that workers should not lift more than 20 percent of their body weight (or 36 pounds for a 180-pound person). That can be bumped up to 30 or 40 percent for those who are in good shape, but the increased weight will inevitably result in injury. Use mechanical equipment for heavier loads.

Avoiding moving loads by hand can be one of the hardest goals to complete, but it will be worth the effort.

Toned muscles support the joints and make injury less likely, as does maintaining flexibility. By being in shape, workers gain stability and strength, which is critical in this line of work. To prevent back injuries, for instance, workers should strengthen core muscles and skip the back belt, which transfers the burden to the belt and allows muscles to weaken over time.

A healthy body is one of the best ways to avoid problems. Naturally, you can't control how your team eats or whether they exercise, but you can provide opportunities and education. How well educated is your team about their body and the way they work? Consider enlisting an expert to assist and teach them – a physical therapist would be your best bet to fill that role. . It should go without saying in Arizona, but hydration – and replacing electrolytes – is vital for healthy body function. Among other problems, a lack of fluid creates fatigue in muscles, which indeed isn't healthy or helpful.

Muscles are also dependent on electrolytes, so depending on the intensity of the

Construction Around Arizona

Spine-Safe Construction

work, an electrolyte-laden drink during the day is beneficial.

As anyone can tell you, most aches and pains will resolve themselves after a few days of relaxing. But how do you know if a problem needs professional attention? If the answer is yes to any of the following questions, it’s time to consider medical assessment and intervention. Make an appointment with your primary care provider, or if the problem is spine-related, visit Stridewell to have the injury evaluated.

Obviously, anything more serious needs to be evaluated immediately by a local urgent care center or emergency department. · Is the pain very severe? Extreme pain could be a sign of a fracture or break. · Has the pain worsened after a few days, rather than dissipating? · Is the pain accompanied by muscle weakness or a pins-and-needles sensation?

With onsite deadlines, unavoidable delays, broken equipment and other challenges, it can be easy to forget that you’re working with human bodies. Having an educated team and ergonomically friendly procedures will benefit everyone – including the bottom line – in the long run.

Images courtesy of Author

founded Stridewell, a Scottsdale-based spine care clinic that is run and staffed by spine care specialists.

Stridewell caters to a wide array of issues, including pain resulting from a car accident, athletic or workplace injury; a chronic spine issue; a genetic condition or even pain that surfaces spontaneously. For more information, visit Stridewell.com.

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Practices

Luke M. Snell

O

Images courtesy of Jed Bullard

ne of the common symbols of construction is the hard hat. Most people in industry are unaware that the hard hat was first developed by construction workers that wanted protection from falling objects. The development of the hard hat also has an Arizona connection that has led to its acceptance as a standard construction safety requirement.

There are several theories of how the hard hat was first developed. The inspiration probably came from helmets that were used in warfare to protect soldiers. The battlefield helmet has been used for more than 3,000 years and still provides protection for the modern soldier.

In construction project photos from the 1920-1930s, few people wear hard hats, as many workers thought them and safety in general, as unmanly. Images from this era show workers taking foolish risks like eating lunch or sleeping on narrow steel beams during their lunch break, just to show they were not afraid of the dangers of construction.

During this period, some sectors of the construction industry saw the need to provide protective hats on the jobsite, such as the U. S. Navy in shipyards. Some people speculate that these hats were more to shield workers from seagulls dropping their waste, than to protect them from falling objects during the loading and unloading of ships.

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The U.S. Navy contracted with the E.D. Bullard Company to provide its recently patented “hard –boiled hat” made with canvas, glue and black paint in 1919. The company had been manufacturing protective hats for the mining industry and saw the potential for market expansion.

Other industries had begun making their own makeshift protective headgear.

Telephone lineman stuffed papers in their hats to soften the blow from objects falling from coworkers above them.

In what is probably the first use of protective hats that would be termed a hard hat, the Electrical Union used surplus World War I helmets to protect from falling rivets during construction of a post office in Boston in 1931. Since these rivets were hot, the electricians were protected from burns or singed hair as well as a blow from the falling objects.

One of the first projects to make hard hats available to all workers was the construction of Hoover Dam from 1931-1935.

The high scalers, who were suspended from cables, used jackhammers to remove rocks from the cliffs. To protect against falling material, they created their own head protection by taking a cloth hat, dipping it

into tar and letting it harden in the sun. The homemade protective hats proved successful.

Some high scalers were hit so hard on the head by falling rocks while wearing their homemade protective hats that their jaws were broken yet they did not suffer a skull fracture. The contractor consortium called Six Companies was impressed with these homemade protective hats enough to buy manufactured hard hats for their workers.

Although not mandatory, the company strongly suggested that their workers wear the hard hats.

The first project that made the hard hat mandatory was the Golden Gate Bridge in 1932. The requirement was made by Chief Engineer Joseph Strauss, who wanted to improve safety on the construction site.

Over the years the hard hat was improved as homemade varieties and the hard-boiled hats were replaced by steel material to provide more protection. For added comfort, the materials used to manufacture hard hats have progressed from aluminum (except for electrical workers), Bakelite, fiberglass to thermoplastics.

A hard hat is required on most projects and many sites use their color to identify workers. Typically, a white hat is worn by managers and engineers while other colors are used to identify the various trades.

Some companies will provide a pink hard hat to visitors or workers that forget theirs to shame them into remembering to bring all their safety equipment. Some femaleowned companies now use the pink hard hat as a sense of pride, symbolizing that it isn’t a male-dominated industry.

The hard hat has come a long way from being considered a symbol of being afraid of the danger of construction. Now it is considered a comfortable and essential part of the construction uniform workers automatically use as they enter the jobsite.

The pioneers that have helped develop the hard hats deserve thanks for helping to improve the safety of the construction industry.

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Construction Around Arizona

History of the Hard Hat

Back When Pit Stop

Douglas Towne

C

onstruction materials for some of Phoenix’s most notable buildings were excavated from the sand and gravel pit located at the Salt River and 19th Avenue. Superior Sand and Gravel worked the pit from 1946 until merging with three other companies in 1961. The newly formed firm, called United Materials, Inc. managed the pit operations and also operated nine other materials plants in the Valley and one each in Casa Grande and Coolidge.

The new company headquarters was an office building at 3640 South 19th Avenue.

The building was designed by architect John

Schotanus, who worked in Chicago and Los Angeles until moving to Phoenix to become the architect-in-charge of Park Central Mall.

The new United Materials office building opened in 1963.

In addition to dealing in aggregates, United Materials pioneered the pre-stressed Materials. concrete industry, producing precast con- The plant is currently operated crete members. Projects that included by Cemex. precast concrete include the Thomas Mall Shopping Center, the City of Phoenix Municipal Building and Council Chambers, and the Camelback Towers Apartments.

The Tanner Brothers Contracting Company took over operation of the 19th Avenue plant in 1967, changing its name to UnitedMetro (UM)

Images courtesy of Arizona Contractor & Community magazine

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Thirty two

Jan-Feb 2018

John F. Long (center) looking at blueprints, 1955.

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Image courtesy of Arizona Contractor & Community magazine

I

t was a humble way to start a construction career that would eventually be responsible for building more than 30,000 homes. “We started with nothing but a hammer and a saw borrowed from my father,” John F. Long told the Arizona Republic in 1956. The “we” referred to in the quote was his construction crew, which consisted of his wife, the former Mary Tolmachoff.

The couple had purchased a lot at 7017 North 23rd Avenue, along with an option on two adjoining lots in 1947 with an $8,000 GI loan. The newlyweds embarked on building their own home, working 16-18 hours a day. They finished the home in six months at a cost of $4,200. The Longs, however, never moved in.

The couple unexpectedly received an offer of $8,500 for the house. Long realized the profit would make a pretty good salary for six months of work, and convinced his wife they would move into another house he would build. But Long, soon assisted by a six-man crew, would construct and sell 15 more houses before the couple moved into their first home. And by the time Long had finished constructing houses, he had become Arizona’s largest homebuilder and among the top ten in the nation.

"I didn't have any intention of getting into homebuilding in a big way, and I didn't do any market research,” he said in his biography on the Arizona Historical Foundation (AHF) website. “We tried with each house to build it better and easier. Soon it just seemed the thing to do.”

Born John Frederick Pilger on May 17, 1920, he was the first son of German immigrants in Phoenix. His father died while he was still an adolescent, and he took his stepfather’s name when his mother remarried. Long worked on his family’s farm and delivered the Phoenix Gazette to help support the family during the Great Depression.

Long attended Phoenix schools and graduated from Glendale High School in 1939. He served in the U.S. Army as an aircraft mechanic on B-17s and B-24s from 1941-45, spending his later years in Italy.

Returning from the service, Long joined his brother and stepfather in forming Hardy B. Long & Sons, which built 11 custom homes in the Phoenix area. He soon left the firm, frustrated with the high construction costs that limited profits. Long then started a landscaping company with a

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Image courtesy of John F. Long Properties Images courtesy of Arizona Contractor & Community magazine

cousin but sold the business a year later, before his marriage in 1947 to Mary Tolmachoff. He had met his future wife while she was playing softball for the Webster Dairy team in 1937.

The John F. Long Home Builder company was founded in May 1947. “When [home buying] prospects approached, he John and Mary Long looking over property renderings, 1950s.

John F. Long receiving GE Home Award from company spokesperson Ronald Reagan at KPHO TV station, 1958.

Yale forklift moving block for home construction in Maryvale, 1956.

Thirty four

would put down his tools, brush a hand at his clothes to wipe away the dust, and lean over a pickup truck’s fender to transact business,” according to the AHF website.

Long’s first sizable housing development was Glenwood Terrace at 26th Drive and Glendale Avenue, where 30 homes were built in 1950. The Maryvale Park development at 29th Avenue and Bethany Home had 1,288 homes constructed by 1954. As his business flourished, Long developed time and labor-saving methods, which resulted in better home values.

Long started Maryvale, which was named after his wife, in late 1954. Maryvale

was a planned community covering 1,320 acres extending from Camelback Road on the north to Grand Canal on the south and from 47th to 63rd avenues. Maryvale was designed for 20,000 residents with 5,000 homes, a 52-acre shopping center, two churches, a 100-bed hospital, medical and dental center, schools, a four-acre recreational area with an Olympic-size swimming pool, bathhouse, playground, and civic center.

The development’s homes were designed in three styles: Modern, Provincial, and Western Ranch. The three-to-four bedroom homes had two baths and 1,200Jan-Feb 2018

1,375 square feet of living space. The homes range from $7,950 to $10,600.

Closing costs ranged from $168-$206 for veterans, and from $220-$280 for nonveterans. Monthly payments, including principal, interest, taxes and insurance ranged from $60-$74.

The Catalina model, which sold for $7,950, had a swimming pool, bringing the cost to $9,725. “A home and a swimming pool for less than $10,000 is probably unprecedented in the home building field anywhere in the U.S.,” wrote Arizona Builder and Contractor magazine in 1956.

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Long had a sales office to market his Maryvale development, which touted itself as “The Greatest Home Show on Earth.”

The office, along with seven model homes, was located on a cul-de-sac on Indian School between 47th and 48th avenues.

The construction office was located at 51�� Avenue and Camelback Road. A sign in the shop stated, “Build every home as if you planned to own it.”

By 1955, John F. Long Home Builders employed 350 people, had an annual payroll of more than $1 million, and had a sales volume of $10 million. His Futurama Homes on West Indian School Road at 56��

Avenue were marketed in 1958. “No wonder they’re called America’s Most Famous Homes,” declared an ad in the Republic.

That same year, Ronald Reagan, then the host of the General Electric Theatre, came to Phoenix to present the General Electric Merit Citation to Long. "Through good design and efficient construction, you have helped the economy of Phoenix, and your houses have served as inspiring examples to other builders who have come from many parts of the country to examine your work,” Reagan said at the ceremony.

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Staff pose at Maryvale Open House at 47�� Drive and Indian School Road, 1955.

John Long talks on a CB radio, 1956.

John F. Long concrete floor finishers, 1960.

John F. Long at Maryvale Open House with G.E. Representative Ronald Reagan, 1958.

A Maryvale construction crew, 1961.

John F. Long handing out complimentary turkeys to employees for Christmas, 1956.

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Images courtesy of Author

By 1959, purchasing a new John F. Long home in Maryvale came with a free acre of land located north of Williams, Arizona in what was called the Kaibab High development. “Do-It-Yourself” A-Frame cabins were offered for assembly, priced at $1,695.

Eventually, Long’s development in Maryvale stretched from McDowell to Camelback roads, between 43�� and 91�� avenues. At one point, his homes sold at a rate of 100 per week. The company ceased building homes to focus on its commercial projects in the West Valley in 1990.

Over the years, Long was named the Phoenix “Citizen of the Year” in 1957 and inducted into the National Homebuilders Hall of Fame in 1984. He served on the Phoenix City Council from 1966-69 and the Maricopa County Board of Health. Long was also a noted philanthropist, donating land for nature preserves, sports complexes, and community development.

His wife, Mary, who ceased working in the business in 1951, passed away in 1998.

Long died in 2008.

Long described himself on the AHF website as “a lone wolf,” an ordinary, hardworking man who, when he saw something that needed to be done, did it. This description of Long was most apparent when, frustrated with the condition of Phoenix roads, he donated labor and materials to fill potholes on 550 miles of city streets in the late 1970s. Such acts of civic charity are rare in today’s world.

Those close to Long concur that his acts of generosity were not one- time deals.

“John had many employees that spent 20, 30 and even 40 years working for him,” says James J. "Jim" Miller, the Senior Director of Real Estate for John F. Long Properties.

“We were always proud to work for a man of his generosity to the community, of his well-built homes that he sold for a fair price, and the feeling that we were more than employees, as he treated us like family.”

Jan-Feb 2018

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Don’t Remuddle, Rehabilitate!

Michelle Dodds

Dobbins Lookout - Preservation

L. Ron Hubbard House - Restoration Thirty eight

of existing historic materials, and retention of a property's form as it has evolved. An example is Dobbins Lookout at South Mountain Park in Phoenix that was constructed by the Civilian Conservation Corps in the 1930s. The lookout appears similar today as it did when originally built. is the most common approach utilized. The goal here is to alter or add to a property to meet the continuing or changing uses while retaining the historic character of the property. An example is the DeSoto Central Market at Central Avenue and Roosevelt Street in Phoenix.

This vacated car dealership was adaptively

DeSoto Central Market - Rehabilitation

Images courtesy of Author

W

e’ve all seen it. Something just doesn’t look right about that old house or building, but it's tough to articulate the incongruous elements.

If it’s your building, however, there are different strategies to take to make it work for you. The National Park Service is helping with their book, The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties, which offers four approaches for consideration for a historic place that needs some attention. is the approach that focuses on the maintenance of the property, repair

reused to house some vendors and an event space but still maintains the character-defining features of the original building. is the approach that depicts a property at a particular period while removing evidence of other timespans. A good example is the L. Ron Hubbard House near Camelback Mountain. A walk through this residence is like going back in time to the 1950s. is an approach that re-creates a historic building or feature for interpretive purposes. The reconstruction is based on documentation or physical evidence, not conjecture. The Zane Grey Cabin was reconstructed in Payson in 2003 after having been destroyed by The Dude forest fire in Tonto Basin in 1990. The cabin helps communicate the life of this successful writer of 64 Western novels written from 1903 until his death in 1939.

Zane Grey Cabin - Reconstruction Jan-Feb 2018

Each of the approaches has standards to follow that would avoid the mishaps that sometimes occur when owners are unaware of appropriate treatments for historic properties. For more information about these four approaches and how to maintain the integrity of a historic property, see nps.gov/tps/standards/four treatments.htm.

If standards for building rehabilitation are not followed, what occurs is termed “remuddling.” The character and integrity of the building are lost through inappropri-

ate changes. Additions that overwhelm the original portion of the structure are, at best, distracting. Removing or covering character-defining features destroy the historical value of the property.

Some owners falsely believe that the latest improvement fad will add value to a building. One frequent example of remuddling is the replacement of original windows with inferior products. Old windows will last much longer if properly maintained, and there are inexpensive methods to make them more energy effi-

cient. Any doubts about the value of steel casement windows are erased upon learning of the high cost of having them recreated or purchased in a vintage furniture store.

Take note which old buildings have maintained their integrity in your area.

These structures add a sense of authenticity and a sense of place that make a city special. Hopefully, if you ever own a historic property, a passer-by will say, “Isn’t she a beaut! They know how to treat a lady.”

Test your skills in recognizing which approach: preservation, rehabilitation, restoration or reconstruction was taken on the historic buildings below: The answers are on the following page.

Kunz-Carbajal House - 1721 South Seventh Avenue

Tucson Presidio - 150 West Alameda Street

Rosson House - 113 North Sixth Street

The Van Buren - 401 West Van Buren

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Answers - How did you do in recognizing each approach?

Kunz-Carbajal House - Preservation

The Van Buren - Rehabilitation Dud R. Day Motor Company - Phoenix Motor Company

Rosson House - Restoration

Images courtesy of Author

Tucson Presidio - Reconstruction Original Sketch by Don Ryden

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Time Passages:

Phoenix Changes Documented in New Book Douglas Towne

H

ow do you measure change in a city? Evolution is not easily quantified, but a recently released book illustrates Phoenix's tremendous transformation.

Phoenix Past and Present transports viewers more than a century into the past when the "city" had less than 6,000 residents and the tallest building was the four-story Arizona Capitol. Vintage black and white photographs from between 1885 and 1965 are juxtaposed with a recent color image of the same location, shot by photographer Paul Scharbach.

Of the 84-paired images in the coffeetable book, the Welnick Building presented Scharbach’s greatest challenge. To match the historical scene, Scharbach had to be right in the middle of the street. “I also needed at least one car in the view because I think it adds a lot to any photograph to

But admission to these rooftops was just the first obstacle Scharbach had to overcome. “I am claustrophobic and don’t like elevators, so I walked up the stairwells,” he says.

Some paired images focus on a particular architectural landmark, while others are of street scenes. The book shows how location, architectural excellence, and oldfashioned luck are all involved in keeping buildings extant over time in this fast-growing city.

Despite Phoenix’s many changes, Scharbach was impressed with what has survived. “People always talk about how bad the city is in preserving its history,” he

Images courtesy of Tina Cervantes

Phoenix Then and Now cover showing downtown, 1931.

Hanny’s Building, First and Adams streets, 1947.

J.W Walker Building, Third Avenue and Washington Street, 1941.

Mountain States Telephone Building, Third Avenue and Adams Street, 1928.

include vehicles and people in the shots,” Scharbach says.

Scharbach admits he probably should have had help that day but was by himself. “I had to drag my six-foot ladder into the middle of Van Buren, climb five feet and shoot, then hurry back to the curb to avoid the next wave of approaching traffic,” he says. “I did this several times before a policeman politely asked me to stop.”

Another photographic hurdle required getting onto the rooftop of several historic buildings to match the same vantage point.

“Getting permission to do this is sometimes easier said than done,” Scharbach says.

“We didn't give up our quest and persisted because we felt that those images were that important and it just wouldn’t have been the same book without them.”

Scharbach says the Maricopa County Courthouse and the Westward Ho were the most difficult to access. The latter vantage point ended up as the book’s cover image.

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“I am claustrophobic and don’t like elevators, so I walked up the stairwells,” Scharbach says.

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Forty four

Jan-Feb 2018

Images courtesy of Tina Cervantes

says. “I agree, but our book reveals many significant historic buildings are still around.”

The book features many well-known Phoenix landmarks and also offers hidden gems such as the General Motors Testing Laboratory, Stockyards Restaurant, Arizona Hardware Supply Company Warehouse, Carver High School, and the Knights of Pythias Building. Some of the featured buildings have not aged well, however, as they have lost more of their vintage features during remodeling. These include the Mountain States Telephone & Telegraph Building, Korricks Department Store, the Fry Building, the Gooding Building, and the Central Hotel/Ezra Thayer Building.

This book came together organically, as the three authors had never worked together but had seen each other’s previous Phoenix-related historical publications.

Robert Melikian is an attorney with a passion for architectural preservation, whose family has run the Hotel San Carlos in Downtown Phoenix since 1973. His other books include Vanishing Phoenix and Hotel San Carlos. Paul Scharbach has worked as a professional photographer for more than 30 years. He was the photographer and image researcher for the 2005 book Phoenix Then and Now. Preservationist John Jacquemart has a lifelong interest in Arizona history and previously co-authored two books, Tovrea Castle, and Historic Heritage Square.

One morning over coffee, the trio decided to create a new book. “We bounced around several different ideas but kept coming back to a ‘past and present’ format because we and most others enjoy it,” Scharbach says.

The book evolved in style and content.

“We kept finding great historical images and increased the number of pages to accommodate them,” says Scharbach. “We decided to self-publish because we knew exactly how we wanted it to look and preferred total control over the project.”

Some of the historical images came from Tina Cervantes, who worked in a

photo lab in the 1960s. Cervantes had saved pictures she’d developed and printed, many of which the trio had never before seen. She offered them for the project after seeing a history presentation made by Melikian. Other vintage photos came from ASU, which holds the McCullough Brothers archive of commercial photography.

Jacquemart’s favorite part of the project was meeting Cervantes. "She's an unsung preserver of Phoenix's history," he says. "Tina worked in a photo shop and

saved the images she liked. She liked history, and I think our book shares her love of Phoenix's history."

Phoenix Past and Present is available at Changing Hands, Costco, and Amazon.

Readers will find an Alfred Hitchcocklike twist in the publication. “I included myself in one of the present images,” confesses Scharbach, with a laugh.

Welnick Building, Fourth Avenue and Van Buren Street, 1942 and present.

Phoenix Skyline looking south from the Westward Ho, 1931.

OrpheumTheatre, Second Avenue and Adams Street, 1945.

Pay’N-Takit Store, 1755 West Van Buren Street, 1936.

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Center - University of Wyoming

Architect Victor Gruen’s “Long” Reach into Arizona

T

he 1950s in America were a time of innocence and optimism. The country was emerging from the traumas of World War II and the Korean conflict, the latter which ended with a truce in 1953. After years of restraint, the economy had rebounded, as Americans indulged in shopping in what became a decade of consumerism. And the marketplace was delighted to accommodate a long-repressed demand, especially with products offering technological improvements.

Along with a new prosperity, countless military veterans returned to our shores looking for homes for their young families.

The new home buyers preferred suburbia to the traditional city and town centers. A race was on to create enough housing, especially in Phoenix, a city whose population exploded by more than 300 percent in the 1950s. In the five years after World War Austrian immigrant Victor Gruen built an architectural empire, became the “father” of the enclosed shopping mall, and a leader in urban planning.

Victor Gruen’s design for Tempe Center included 118,000 sq. ft. on 13 acres. The modern suburban center opened for business just in time for the Christmas 1956 shopping season.

FORTY SIX

II, more than 17,000 homes were built in Phoenix.

One reason for the home-building frenzy was that flat, scrub-brush desert land was abundant and cheap. These factors led to the meteoric appearance of more than 35 housing subdivisions in the Valley by the mid-1950s.

Previously, Valley cities had been compact communities. When these city boundaries filled, however, a new philosophy of land management arose: planned communities.

The first pioneering planned-communities were Levittown in New York, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. The Levittown model inspired John Frederick Long, a 34year-old Arizona native, to become the “Father of the Planned Community in Arizona.” Long, following his service in World War II, began a career in construction with his stepfather.

After Long built a home for his new bride Mary in 1947, an offer to purchase it for double its cost led him down an unanticipated path. Long then started erecting homes in small subdivisions. Eight years later, after having built 1,600 homes in the West Valley, Long created Maryvale that was named for his wife, which was Arizona’s first planned community.

Image courtesy of American Heritage

Jay Mark

To assist with the design for his ambitious project, Long enlisted Victor Gruen Associates, Architects, Planners and Engineers, a prominent national firm based in Los Angeles. Gruen had a compelling resume.

Viktor David Grünbaum, the son of a prosperous lawyer, was born in Vienna, Austria in 1903. After an early interest in theater, he studied architecture under prominent Secessionist architect Peter Behrens at the prestigious Vienna Master School for Architecture of the Academy of Fine Arts.

As a young man, Grünbaum was an active proponent of Socialism, a philosophy that many believe strongly influenced his approach to urban planning later in life. In 1923, he was employed as a designer for Melcher and Steiner, Architects where he worked on public buildings and housing projects until he left to open his own practice in 1932.

Jan-Feb 2018

Image courtesy of Tempe History Museum

Image courtesy of Tempe History Museum

Image courtesy of Arizona Contractor & Community magazine

In addition to master planned developments, architect Victor Gruen worked on buildings such as the Quebedeaux Chevrolet dealership on Grand Avenue in Phoenix, which opened in 1955.

Grand opening for First National Bank in the Tempe Center, 1960.

While designing Maryvale and the Maryvale Terrace, Gruen worked across the Valley creating the Tempe Center on the southeast corner of 8th Street (now University) and Mill Avenue.

With Hitler’s takeover of Austria in 1938, the Jewish Grünbaum fled to New York City, later recalling landing only "with an architect's degree, eight dollars, and no English." He Anglicized his name to Victor Gruen.

Without an architectural license, he worked as a theatrical set designer and helped fashion consumer goods for several firms. By the time he relocated to Los Angeles in 1941, Gruen was designing stores for major retailers like Macy’s.

In a few short years, the ambitious Gruen had parlayed his talent into a business that became a major national player with five partners and more than 200 employees in its L.A. and Detroit offices. By the 1950’s, with a large cadre of talent to handle much of the routine work, Gruen began gravitating toward urban planning, paying particular attention to American suburban shopping habits.

Detroit’s Northland was Gruen’s first open-air shopping center. Construction started on the massive 160-acre site in 1952. Upon completion two years later, Northland was touted as the largest shopping complex in the world.

Even before the ink had dried on his plans for Northland in 1952, Gruen was approached by Donald Dayton, president of Dayton’s, the Midwest’s leading department store. Dayton wanted him to create something new: the nation’s first entirely enclosed shopping mall in the Twin Cities.

Gruen envisioned Southdale to be the centerpiece of a new car-centric urban village. Located on a 500-acre site in the

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Maryvale Shopping City groundbreaking, 1958.

Images courtesy of Arizona Contractor & Community magazine

Victor Gruen Associates rendering of Maryvale Shopping City, 1960.

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upscale suburban city of Edina, the 800,000-square-foot mall opened to great fanfare in 1956.

While working simultaneously on these projects, Gruen became immersed in a project located nearly 2,000 miles away.

The Maryvale planned community project and the Maryvale Shopping City was a 53-acre project that spanned the four corners of the Indian School Road and 51st Avenue intersection.

Across the Valley, in Tempe, Gruen was also designing the 118,000-square-foot Tempe Center on 13 acres on the southeast corner of Mill Avenue and Eighth Street (now University Drive) for Flagstaff physician Charles Sechrist.

Gruen’s contributions to the Valley were manifest. In 1954 he found time to design an iconic automobile dealership for Quebedeaux Chevrolet at 750 Grand Avenue. Working with noted local architect Ralph Haver, the building was a successful mid-century design that is now owned by the mattress firm Tuft & Needle.

The architect returned to Arizona in 1964, designing buildings for the Litchfield Park Land & Development Company’s expansion. Two years later the firm introduced a development plan for Litchfield Park.

Of all of Gruen’s prolific local work, the most esoteric project may have been the giant Phoenix Trotting Park, the far-fetched inspiration of New York horse racing enthusiast James Dunnigan. Stylistically designed

by Padua, Italy architect Ivone Grasseto, the construction was overseen by Victor Gruen and Associates.

Completed in less than a year, the $9.5 million Phoenix Trotting Park opened 20 miles from downtown Phoenix on January 12, 1965. More than 12,000 harness racing fans were on hand. Dreams aside, the facility turned out to be one of the Valley’s greatest debacles. Blaming remoteness, poor attendance, and competition, the track closed for good in December 1966 after just 2½ seasons – never to reopen.

Except for a brief appearance in the 1998 Charlie/Martin Sheen movie No Code of Conduct, the park stood as a curious ghost relic along Interstate 10 for more than a half-century until it was demolished in October 2017.

It is somewhat ironic that in the 1950s when the Valley had many recognized mid-century architects of its own such as

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Ralph Haver, Al Beadle, Weaver & Drover, Lescher & Mahoney, and others, Victor Gruen was called in time and again.

Even more ironic is that the man who pioneered the concept of the indoor mall and worked tirelessly to design a 21��-century city, came to regret the one thing that made him famous. A dream turned into a nightmare.

When Gruen contemplated Southdale, he envisioned it as a centerpiece for a new walkable urban village such as he remembered in Europe. In addition to shopping

and recreation, his ideal community included employment and residential components, elements that never were built.

That caused Gruen to lament years later. “I am often called the father of the shopping mall,” he said in 1978. “I would like to take this opportunity to disclaim paternity once and for all. I refuse to pay alimony to those bastard developments.

They destroyed our cities.”

And to think that the Valley was an important part of Gruen’s noble experiment.

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Architect’s Perspective: Jacob John Schotanus, Jr. AIA: Capturing Elegance Doug Sydnor, FAIA Doug_sydnor@outlook.com

D

uring the 1960s and 1970s, an Arizona architect designed a body of work that captured its time and the International Style. This architecture was delivered with grace and dignity by J. John Schotanus, Jr., AIA. While some of his commercial work has been lost to demolition and renovations, exquisite examples remain and continue to teach lessons.

Schotanus, Jr. was born April 1, 1911 in Grand Rapids, MI. After his family moved

continued to practice, and passed away on January 26, 1994, at 82. Schotanus, Jr. was registered in Arizona and California, and became an American Institute of Architects Central Arizona Chapter member in 1958.

He served as president of the organization in 1964.

Schotanus, Jr. enjoyed public service, and was a member of the Phoenix Growth Committee, Phoenix City Buildings and Safety Inspection Advisory Board, and Insurance Corporation of America Board.

He was chairman of the Phoenix City Plan-

Images courtesy of Author

John Schotanus, 1967.

Green Acres Memorial Gardens.

to California, he graduated from Santa Monica High School in 1929 and then attended the Boston Architectural Club.

Architecture wasn’t Schotanus, Jr.’s only passion, as he attended art schools in California, Illinois, and Massachusetts from 1931 to 1940.

His first architectural positions were with some of the finest U.S. firms, such as Graham Anderson Probst & White in Chicago, Raymond Loewy Associates in New York City and Los Angeles, and Welton Becket & Associates in Los Angeles.

While at Becket, Schotanus, Jr. was the architect in charge of the Park Central Center at 3110 North Central Avenue in Phoenix. The 46-acre retail development with an open-air mall was built on a former dairy farm in 1957. The shopping center was the first outside downtown and was a commercial success.

The Park Central project introduced him to Phoenix, and he opened the John Schotanus, Jr., A.I.A. firm here in 1958. The company's name evolved to Schotanus & Cox Architects, as his son-in-law Stephan A. Cox joined him as a partner in 1978. He

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Camelback Towers, now renamed Landmark Towers.

ning & Zoning Department High Rise Committee and director of the Arizona Easter Seal Society.

His firm designed a diversity of projects including residential, apartments, offices, banks, and shopping centers. For the Tower Plaza in Phoenix in 1959, Schotanus, Jr. teamed with Ralph Haver and Associates, and “did detailed design work and individual buildings.” From 1960 to 1969 he worked on Thomas Mall in Phoenix with Copeland, Novak, & Israel Architects and Allan Grossman, both from New York City.

Schotanus, Jr. was the architect for the first shopping center in Prescott, Park Plaza at Goodwin and McCormick streets, in 1961. He also designed Scottsdale Fashion Square, which opened on the city’s former rodeo grounds in 1962. Additional retail projects are found throughout Phoenix and

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in Casa Grande, Flagstaff, Mesa, and Tucson.

Three of his projects built during the early to mid-1960s demonstrate his wide range and skill. is located at 401 North Hayden Road in Scottsdale. Of Schotanus Jr.’s surviving projects, this particular work stands out, which was built in 1962. It is believed to be the first mortuary or chapel on cemetery grounds in Arizona. Well maintained for more than 55 years, it has served the community well. I attended a chapel service there, and it communicates a dignity and a quiet, meditative quality. The architecture is understated, simple, and detailed. The chapel is a post-and-beam structure, with brick or plaster walls, a cantilevered roof to shade windows, and 30-feet-tall windows for lighting and

outdoor views. The integrated glass art panels are by Richard Seeger of Scottsdale.

A covered walkway with a thin roof provides shade before and after a service. were built in 1963 and are located at 4750 North Central Avenue in ‘Uptown’ Phoenix. The 250 apartments were recently converted to condominiums and renamed The Landmark. This high rise has a north/south orientation which minimizes the solar heat gain while providing spectacular views of the Central Avenue corridor. The typical box-like apartment tower is visually broken up with a portion of the plan projecting out.

The structure has cast-in-place concrete with columns, bearing walls, and floor slabs. The solid west and east end walls have a buff-colored brick, whereas the north and south are recessed glazing. The glass is shaded by cantilevered floor slabs Arizona contractor & Community

Image courtesy of Author

and vertical privacy panels. At street level, there are retail stores, which have stacked masonry walls, glazing, and concrete double tees as their roof structure.

Between the buildings is an outdoor breezeway that provides pedestrian access between shops and the apartments. The Schotanus Jr.-designed and demolished

plans and 18 exterior elevations, which provide visual variety. Schotanus, Jr. teamed with Guirey, Srnka & Arnold, A.I.A. of Phoenix, working jointly on the plans and elevations. Plans are mostly L-shaped that wrap around an open carport, which had various expressions as a pitched roof extension of the residence or as a thin flat projection. Homes have contemporary detailing including concrete masonry units with the bottom edge rotated out, thereby creating a shingled profile and horizontal shadows. Concrete masonry units are also rotated 90 degrees and aligned vertically.

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Two views of Cyprus East in 1963 and 2017.

Park Central Mall parking lot near Goldwaters and Walgreens, 1957.

Globe Department Store at Tower Plaza, 40th Street and Thomas Road, 1965.

Scottsdale Towers was a hotel southeast of Scottsdale and Camelback roads, constructed about the same time, and with similar Camelback Towers aesthetics. As such, these two projects may have been for the same developer.

Built from 1960 to 1966, and is a single-family subdivision southeast of Southern Avenue and Rural Road in Tempe. The Hollis Park neighborhood has street names such as Laguna, La Jolla, Malibu, and Pebble Beach, which refer to the exotic allure of California beaches.

Developer Forrest Cox offered six floor

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Glazing is often large panes and above framed panels, and some opted for stone panels or stacked concrete masonry unit.

I was fortunate enough to have met Schotanus, Jr. long ago and I remember him as a tall, distinguished, intelligent, and soft-spoken gentleman. My impression is that he represented the profession in a dignified manner and executed some wonderful and elegant architecture.

A sampling of other J. John Schotanus, Jr., AIA projects: · , 2609 North 24th Street, Phoenix · , 4202 North 20th Avenue, Phoenix · , Flagstaff , 7111 East Cam· elback Road, Scottsdale (demolished) · , (with Charles Luckman Associates Architects), Phoenix (partially demolished) , Casa Grande · · , Northeast Corner of Apache Trail and Recker Road, Mesa , FAIA, is Principal at Douglas Sydnor Architect + Associates, Inc. and author of three architectural books.

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Building on the Past 1972: Phoenix Civic Plaza

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Images courtesy of Arizona Contractor & Community magazine

M

any Phoenix cultural and theatrical events were held in high school auditoriums through the 1960s. A citizen's group developed a plan to build a performing arts auditorium, which morphed into a convention center.

The non-profit Phoenix Civic Plaza Building Corporation was created to finance construction in 1963.

The announcement of the building of a Phoenix Convention Center in early 1968 came with a bonus: the City of Phoenix and the Phoenix Gazette held a contest to name the new facility. “The building is in need of a name befitting the architectural grandeur and cultural atmosphere which awaits our cities,” the contest description read. The Phoenix City Council would decide the winner, who would receive a vacation to Mexico City and be presented with a plaque that would be placed in the new convention center.

The contest winner was initially supposed to have been introduced by Claudia Alta "Lady Bird" Johnson. The First Lady's flight was delayed by bad weather, however, so Mayor Milt Graham announced that the center, located between Washington and Monroe streets from Second to Fifth streets, had been named the Phoenix Civic Plaza at the suggestion of Mrs. Atlee Hites.

Groundbreaking took place in July 1968, amidst the music of a Dixieland band as a bulldozer moved the first soil for the construction project. “Completion of the Civic Plaza will be one of the most important happenings that have ever occurred in our Valley,” H.W. Cronrath, president of the Valley of the Sun Convention Bureau told the Arizona Republic.

The Phoenix Civic Plaza, built on 16.5 acres at the cost of $28 million, was dedicated in the fall of 1972. “The versatility of the Civic Plaza will be demonstrated as tourists and conventioneers join Phoenicians in enjoying the tremendous variety of events that are possible at this cultural and convention center,” said Phoenix Mayor John Driggs.

Digging through the Archives: Early Sidewalk, Curb, and Gutter Devices William Horner

W

ith the passing of Lonnie Lattimore in 2015, I found myself reflecting on our conversations about the vast amount of manual labor required to create sidewalks, curbs, and gutters back in the 1950s. Concrete crews still have a tough job today, but the machinery they use makes the work much easier.

The post-World War II housing boom required these teams to keep up with demand by constructing long stretches of sidewalks, curbs, and gutters. Often, an entire subdivision was laid out by crews using heavy forms that were linked together at the correct elevation or grade.

Concrete was subsequently delivered, smoothed out, and finished. After the curb and gutters had cured, the sidewalk was

formed and the process repeated. Every project had slightly different specifications, but they all involved the long process of using manual labor for grading, forming, pouring, and finishing.

Although forms are still utilized for some projects today, modern machinery and electronics speed up concrete work.

Long, consistent sections of concrete are created quickly.

Jones invented the “Jiggle-Bug,” a self-propelled sidewalk lay-down machine

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Arizona Sand & Rock Company pouring concrete for roll curb using manual labor for Phoenix street improvements, 1948.

New sidewalk grading machine, designed by Al Carter in operation at Campus Homes in Tempe, 1954.

Automation began with Al Jones, Lonnie’s coworker at the John W. Lattimore Company in the 1950s. Jones invented the “Jiggle-Bug,” a self-propelled sidewalk laydown machine, designed to screed, tamp, and float concrete sidewalks at a rate of 1,600 linear feet per hour. Built by the Jones Manufacturing Company in Phoenix, the machine helped companies satisfy the requirement for efficient high-volume sidewalk construction.

The Jiggle-Bug featured simple construction and weighed only 300 pounds.

The machine was unique as it did not require special forming techniques and operated on either 2-inch steel or wooden forms. The Jiggle-Bug accommodated sidewalk widths from 4 to 6 feet.

The automatic operation required one person to handle concrete placement and

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Arizona Sand & Rock Company delivering concrete in Maryvale to John F. Long crews using the Jiggle-Bug sidewalk machine, 1960.

Union Rock mixer delivers concrete for the demo of a new automatic monolithic sidewalk machine, 1960.

Crew for John F. Long pouring concrete using an automatic sidewalk machine, 1960.

Concrete crew for John W. Lattimore pose next to a fresh poured monolithic sidewalk, curb & gutter, winter 1960.

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another to feed concrete.

A gasoline engine propelled two parallel screed bars in lateral and vertical movements to accomplish its operation. The Jiggle-Bug eliminated the tamping bar process and could handle any concrete mix.

Another automatic machine came into use for monolithic pours, which are curbs and sidewalks together. Monolithic pours don’t have any vegetation growing between the curb and sidewalk in old housing developments. By 1961, Lattimore was using a monolithic pour machine.

“When we obtained this monolithic machine, my brother, John, called Arizona Sand & Rock and ordered a massive yard amount of concrete for a subdivision pour,” Lonnie recalled. “The reluctant dispatcher argued that they could never handle that amount at one time. John stated that he had a new machine and would call another supplier if the order didn't arrive.”

Other companies also had employees who invented sidewalk machines. Fisher Contracting used the "Moat," which a cement mixer pulled with chains.

Al Carter, an Arizona Sand and Rock employee, developed an all-in-one sidewalk grading machine in 1954. This machine would run on the forms, similar to a train running on the tracks. The augers in the front would loosen the hard soil. The rear section of the machine had a chain-driven conveyor siphoning out excess material.

Finally, a worker would spray water for moisture as a tamper in the rear would level out and compact the material.

These early automated sidewalk machines illustrate that construction employees are always trying to improve working conditions with some homemade invention, a habit that remains true today.

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Caterpillar Proving Ground • Mountain Bell building Grand Avenue Improvements

Protecting What Matters Most · · · · ·

We locate, buy, and sell heavy equipment around the world.

We perform thorough inspections in order to represent each tractor correctly.

We also perform fleet evaluations.

We conduct business with our word and a handshake.

Over 30 Years in the industry.

Chris Lohman Phone: (602)-363-2396 Email:chris@southmountaintractor.com

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resecoadvisors.com 7901 N. 16th Street, Suite 100, Phoenix, Arizona 85020 P: 602-753-4250 |1-855-378-5819

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11/15/2017 Lake Havasu Ave Reconstruction Rebid

11/28/2017 Desert View Drive

$3,311,159

$15,120,569

11/15/2017 FY 2017 18 Chip Seal Program

11/29/2017 SR87 Turn Lanes

$1,109,749

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11/16/2017 Arizona Ave Improvements

11/29/2017 Pedestrian Infrastructure Improvements

$6,232,100 $3,069,878 11/16/2017 Crismon Road Improvements

12/6/2017 Mike Jacob Sportspark Renovation

$790,478 $1,654,684 11/16/2017 Park Site Layton Lakes Rebid $1,263,794 11/17/2017 Kayenta Utah State Line Hwy $3,355,555 11/19/2017 (CMAR) Water Main 27th 23�� $3,500,000 11/19/2017 (CMAR) Water Main 35th 31�� $3,500,000 11/22/2017 4th Street Improvements Phase II $117,707 11/28/2017 Highline Canal Multi Use Path $3,242,624

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Past Project Awards Jan/Feb 1958 4 Miles of U.S. 89, East of Flagstaff Grading, Drainage, Cement Treated ABC, Bituminous Plant Mix $479,839 Grand Ave between 27�� and 35�� Ave New Sewer Trunk Installation $213,767 4 New Median Islands and Paving In Front Of Park Central Mall $10,480

12/7/2017 71st Ave Paving Waterline Replacement

New Bridge over the Arizona Canal Maryland Ave East of 16�� St.

$1,202,957

$20,685

12/8/2017 Earley Road I-8

Advanced Versions of the Falcon Air-to-air Guided Missles

$51,109,062

$19 Million

12/11/2017 Phase IX Roadway Improvements

Haven Improvement District Paving, 23�� Ave from Myrtle to Glendale Aves.

$2,887,077 12/12/2017 2017 CMAQ Alley Dustproofing $2,157,516 12/13/2017 (CMAR) Germann Road Mustang Drive $33,150,000

$21,559 14 Miles of Widening and Paving South Mountain Park $97,872 Paving in Waltmore Improvement District Mission Ln. and Sanna St. from 11�� - 12�� St. $11,542

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