SIGNAGE SYSTEM for IIT Guwahati

SIGNAGE SYSTEM for IIT Guwahati

Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER of DESIGN

By:

Deepak Kumar ( 07420511 )

Project Guide:

Prof. Pradeep Yammiyavar FDRS

Department Of Design INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GUWAHATI

NORTH GUWAHATI, ASSAM - 781039

CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis work titled

“ SIGNAGE SYSTEM for IIT Guwahati � is an authentic work carried out by Deepak Kumar Roll no - 07420511 Department of Design IIT Guwahati Assam at

Department of Design Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039, Assam, India For the award of M. Des. Degree during the academic year 2008-2009 The matter embodied in this project has not been submitted earlier for the award of any degree or diploma to the best of my knowledge and belief.

Project Guide:

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Prof. Pradeep Yammiyavar Professor Department of Design IIT Guwahati, Assam

Examiner 1 :

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Examiner 2 :

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Examiner 3 :

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

IPR Declaration I declare that in accordance to the IPR norms generally followed in Academics, I have acknowledged appropriately all sources of material / content including visuals / designs / copy rights accessed from others authors / sources /references and used in this project as part of the academic reporting.

I declare that the contents of this project report including visuals / designs other than those whose origin / source has been appropriately acknowledged, are a result of original efforts.

Signature:

Deepak Kumar M.Des (07420511) Department of DESIGN IIT Guwahati

Signage System for IIT Guwahati

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT My thesis is a culmination of my ideas, experiences and work.

They have been moulded by several very special people along the way. Without these people I would not stand at this threshold today. I would first like to thank my family for all that they have given me: love, support, cherished memories and the strength which has placed me where I am today.

I would like to express deep gratitude to my guide Prof. Pradeep Yammiyavar for his guidance, encouragement and gracious support throughout the course of our work, for his expertise in the field that motivated me to work in this area and for his faith in me at every stage of this research.

I look forward to continue working with him and further developing our relationship.

I would like to thank all the faculty and staff of Department of Design for their support throughout and last but not the least special thanks to Prakash, Vikash, Vikram and Pravin for their constant support and help whenever I needed.

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

CONTENTS Chapter

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1. Abstract

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2. Introduction

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3. Methodology and Time Plan

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4. Resources (study phase) 4.1 Resources in Wayfinding and Signage Design 4.2 Briefing the Content of the Resources 4.3 Architectural Wayfinding Design 4.4 Architectural Wayfinding Components 4.5 Building Form and Architectural Features

5 6 7 10 13 13

5. Signage Design 5.1 Signage Design 5.2 Wayfinding 5.3 Signage Elements 5.4 Eye Level 5.5 Typography 5.6 Arrows 5.7 Colours 5.8 Semiotics: The Study of Signs 5.9 Maps

15 16 17 19 20 21 24 26 28 30

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CONTENTS Chapter

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6. IIT Guwahati Campus (analysis phase) 6.1 Campus 6.2 Topography 6.3 Circulation 6.4 Role of Topography in Circulation 6.5 Approaching the Campus 6.6 Movement of People 6.6.1 Distribution of People 6.6.2 Decision Points

32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

7. Digital SIgnage 7.1 Comparative Analysis 7.2 Places of Use

41 42

8. SIGNAGE SYSTEM at IITG 8.1 Critical Appraisal 8.2 Studying the present system 8.3 Circulation

44 48 49

9. MY Interpretation & Exploration 9.1 MAP for IITG 9.1.1 Legend in MAP for IITG

52 59

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CONTENTS Chapter 9.

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9.2 Typography 9.2.1 Fonts 9.2.2 Experimentation on Fonts 9.2.3 Screening of the Fonts 9.2.4 Font Selection 9.2.5 Fonts and Size 9.3 Colours 9.3.1 Fonts and Colours 9.4 Arrows 9.4.1 Arrows and Colours 9.5 Representations 9.5.1 You are Here 9.5.2 Entrance Sign 9.6 Layout and Placement of Signboards 9.7 Placement of Maps 9.8 Placement of Information Desks 9.9 Form 9.9.1 Semantic Approach 9.9.2 Studying the brand 9.9.3 Extraction of Abstract 9.9.4 Form Exploration

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CONTENTS Chapter 9

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9.10 System Approach 9.10.1 Use Case Diagrams 9.10.2 Sequence Diagrams 9.10.3 Persona and Scenario 9.10.4 Wireframe Model 9.10.5 Graphic User Interface 9.11 Sustainability 9.11.1 Material, Process and Energy 9.12 Concept Generation 9.12.1 Concept 1 9.12.2 Concept 2 9.12.3 Concept 3 9.12.4 Concept 4 9.12.5 Concept 5 9.13 Concept 5 9.13.1 Final Concept 9.13.2 Components of Signage System 9.13.3 Materials 9.13.4 Critical Appraisal

126 130 131 132 134 135 144 145 147 148 150 151 153 154 155 156 157 170 172

10. Conclusion 11. Future Work 12. References

174 176 177

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1.0

ABSTRACT This dissertation studies the signs that were installed in IITG campus. The directional signs are the main focus of the study.

Whether the forces of corporate identity have compromised their design and their effectiveness as wayfinding aids is tested.

The reason for the research is to find out the background to the signs’ conception and learn from the successes and failures of these direction finders. The aim is to attain an effective signage system that meets all the requirements of the university, including corporate identity, whilst not compromising usability, and remaining usable and effective.

Architectural wayfinding design addresses the built components of wayfinding design, including space planning, articulation of form-giving features and building identity, circulation systems, and environmental communication.

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INTRODUCTION “The term ‘wayfinding’ is a relatively new term which covers everything to do with how people find their way around environments.” (Miller, C & Lewis, D 1999:11) Wayfinding is a very broad subject encompassing many elements that work together to provide a wayfinding system. [Ref: 14] However, each element in a successful wayfinding system must be able to stand up on its own as a wayfinding aid. The unprepared visitor to a site should be able to arrive and find their destination with a minimum of hassle.

IIT Guwahati, an institutional campus comprises of more than 750 acres of land, with varied terrain and uneven mass of land. It is generally taken for granted that people are aware of their surroundings and can navigate from one place to another. The scope of sign system at IITG provides assistance to users of the facilities. They also represent an important aspect of the institute’s visual identity. These signs communicate essential information about the facility, and about the Institute and its operations.

Ideally, signs are part of an environmental information system that helps users to understand their environment and guides

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INTRODUCTION them to their destination. Planning signage means interpreting the needs of users and defining operational requirements.

•A friendly, welcoming atmosphere where necessary information is readily available for visitors, new students and staff to become easily familiarized with the campus.

•A distinct identity for the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati within the campus.

• Uniformity of design elements to contribute to the overall aesthetic value of the campus.

The ease with which one proceeds is facilitated through an environment from one point of interest to another. Way finding systems include such components as basic layout of building and site, interior and exterior landmarks, views to outside, signs, floor and room numbering, spoken directions, maps, directories, logical progression of spaces, colour coding.

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RESOURCES(study phase) The problem identified for this piece of work was that the new external signs in IITG campus, while serving well to improve the look of the campus by replacing the tatty and worn old signs, are ineffective as a wayfinding aid due to the nature of their design and the provision of only building names. Providing only building names on the new signs gives the impression that the university would prefer that people became familiar with the school or facility they are looking for. For this reason, the main question was at first “Has the Institute’s corporate image taken precedence over wayfinding and usability?” and this was refined further to give the title, “The signage system for IIT Guwahati campus.”

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4.1 Resources in Wayfinding and Signage Design

The Literature Review begins with a brief outline of what has been written about wayfinding and sign design and then focuses on what has been written about usability that is appropriate to the cause of wayfinding.

The Literature Review identifies the major writers in the field, and gives a brief evaluation of their work and how it is relevant to the present study.

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4.2 Briefing the Content of the Resources

Publications on wayfinding, in the context of the built environment, are relatively few; as it is relatively recently that a need was identified for research into how people find their way (or get lost).

Books covering the topics of signage and sign design were read and considered, but contained little relevant information to this work.

The reason for the lack of books about wayfinding is summed up in the opening paragraphs of Arthur & Passini’s (1992:7) [Ref: 5] second chapter in which they compare getting lost to other inconveniences placed before us in modern everyday life “it is unlikely that a person will actually die from the stress of getting lost” The authors of both books find the space, to qualify the need to improve wayfinding systems and the existence of such books.

Arthur & Passini include a scenario, which they hope the reader can relate to, whilst Miller & Lewis (writing for healthcare) outline the consequences of patients getting lost in a healthcare site.

Arthur & Passini also provide snippets of information throughout the book to remind the reader of the need for good wayfinding.

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4.2 Briefing the Content of the Resources

“The fact is that we are exposed to [electronic variable-message displays and LCD digital watches] in contexts very different from that of reading print. Looking at signs and trying to get information from them has more in common with glancing at our watches than it has with reading a book.” (1992:165) [Ref: 5] Dumas & Redish, in A Practical Guide to Usability Testing, claim to cater for product designers, software engineers and documentation specialists (1999:back cover) but the bulk of references and analogies are to IT applications, making it difficult to relate the theory to anything else, let alone wayfinding. Use of a poor typeface & dull use of language, compared to Jordan, made this book about usability less than usable. [Ref: 15] The Design of Everyday Things (1988) by Donald A. Norman provides a very interesting read into the human factors that affect the usability of almost anything one comes into contact with. This would be a good book to consider whilst designing usability into a product such as a wayfinding system, though like so many sources, working backwards from this and using it as a basis for evaluating and testing something.

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

4.2 Briefing the Content of the Resources

Again, the amount of material available for usability in a way finding context is very limited. Most is aimed at the IT industry.

However, Patrick W. Jordan’s (1998) Introduction to Usability proved very useful as a general guide to usability testing, without the disadvantage of being context-driven. Jordan explains each type of testing method, with its advantages and disadvantages and sometimes an example of what kind of scenario a particular method is used for.

Jordan also includes useful information about choosing participants, warning against the use of colleagues. This makes sense, as other students from the Information Design faculty will see the signs as items of design, therefore casting a critical eye over them, rather than proceeding with the test as a participant who formed part of the signs’ target audience would.

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

4.3 Architectural Wayfinding Design

Architectural wayfinding design is important to inclusive design because it facilitates user access, increases satisfaction, and reduces stigma and isolation of users with disabilities. It reduces the confusion of visitors and mistakes by employees, saving time and money and preventing accidents. It also reduces stress, boosting health and productivity (Evans and McCoy, 1998)[Ref: 7].

Most designers believe that wayfinding is not a high priority issue relative to other design concerns, or view it as a problem that will interfere with good design. It is often considered simply a signage issue (Carpman and Grant, 2002: 434).

Kevin Lynch first discussed the impact of “the apparent clarity or ‘legibility’ of the cityscape” on urban quality of life in The Image of the City in 1960]. Lynch defined legibility as “the ease with which the parts can be recognized and . . . organized into a coherent pattern.” Because legibility and clarity facilitate movement within the built environment, Lynch claims they are integral to personal growth and “furnish the raw material for the symbols & collective memories of group communication.” Legible surroundings promote “emotional satisfaction, the framework for communication and conceptual organization [Ref:10].

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

4.4 Architectural Wayfinding Components

Legibility of the built environment is served by clear articulation and coherent grouping of interior and exterior spaces, legible circulation systems design, and integrating communication systems (Arthur and Passini, 1992) [Ref: 5]. These three objectives can be divided into the following components.

1. Wayfinding is as much an architectural issue as a graphic issue. Architects and designers need to take responsibility for inclusive approaches to wayfinding and remain apprised of psychological and health-related impacts of building design. If they are not ready to do that, a wayfinding expert should be engaged at early stages of the design.

2. Whether addressed through architecture or information, the design of wayfinding systems should include: (1) identifying and marking spaces; (2) grouping spaces; (3) linking and organizing spaces; and (4) communicating this information to the user.

3. Wayfinding design guidelines and best practices vary by building type, size, and layout; urban, suburban or rural location; frequency of use; and user requirements, preferences, and characteristics.

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

4.4 Architectural Wayfinding Components

4. Every building that has undergone substantial functional revisions or additions should have a user audit / post occupancy evaluation.

5. Provide as many wayfinding cues in the environment or the architecture as possible, rather than through signage. Landmarks that help visitor orientation and direction-giving can be fundamental for this purpose (VanderKlipp, 2006).

6. Designers must remember that spatial learning and thinking are not the same as visual learning and thinking.

7. Designers should also remember that small models of designed environments may produce unanticipated perceptual effects when built at full scale due to factors in the environment and non-visual effects of the full-scale building. Wayfinding elements may be too small or considered insignificant in scale models.

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4.5 Building Form and Architectural Features

1. Facilitate wayfinding for all individuals, regardless of abilities.

Research and be aware of differences in wayfinding competencies in potential users, such as gender, age and people of different abilities (Arthur and Passini, 1992) 2. Wayfinding should be designed for the first-time visitor because repeat visitors can use their past experiences for navigation. (Lynch, 1960). Keep the mental state of the visitor in mind when designing wayfinding systems (e.g., distracted, tired, tourists; worried patients at a medical facility) 3. While comprehensive and collaborative planning should be initiated between architects and designers early in the design process, we need to gather tools of good wayfinding design, including participant research, user involvement and evaluative research and assessment tools (Arthur and Passini, 1992).

4. The best-designed wayfinding plans change over time as urban space and building uses change, or buildings are added to, restored, or otherwise modified. They may also change in relation to exterior modifications and larger changes in cultural changes.

One solution is to provide information in ways that are easily updated .

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4.5 Building Form and Architectural Features

5. Provide users with an ordered environment that has “a clear possibility of choice and a starting-point for the acquisition of further information.” (Lynch, 1960: 4) [Ref: 10].

6. Provide users with a clear visual sweep of the site or building on entering to afford them an overview of their surroundings, so they can see a large number of elements and their relationships, at the same time giving them a sense of their relation to the whole (Lynch, 1960: 43) [Ref: 10]. The panoramic experience not only “delights”, but helps the user obtain a view of the larger spatial configuration that reinforces memorability. Distinctive views of plantings, water views, and views of shocking or unexpected sites such as large changes in scale or color variation, can also assist users to construct wider mental maps, as can strong contrasts of spatial configuration, materials, and landscaping (Lynch, 1960: 43-45) [Ref: 10].

7. Give visual dominance to pathways, with their own characteristics of space, view and motion, because they are the main influence in forming mental maps of a space .Use design to reinforce already existing social meaning, not to negate it (Lynch, 1960: 46) [Ref: 10]. (Lynch, 1960: 44-45) [Ref: 10].

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SIGNAGE DESIGN signage: Origin: sign + age s NOUN chiefly N. Amer.

SIGNS COLLECTIVELY ESPECIALLY COMMERCIAL OR PUBLIC DISPLAY SIGNS OXFORD DICTIONARY s NOUN GRAPHIC DESIGNS AS SYMBOLS EMBLEMS OR WORDS USED ESP FOR IDENTIFICATION OR AS A MEANS OF GIVING DIRECTIONS OR WARNING A HREF gHTTP DICTIONARY REFERENCE COM BROWSE SIGNAGEg WWW DICTIONARY COM 3IGNAGE IS ANY KIND OF GRAPHICS CREATED TO DISPLAY INFORMATION TO A PARTICULAR AUDIENCE TYPICALLY WAYFINDING INFORMATION ON STREETS OUTSIDE AND INSIDE OF BUILDINGS WIKIPEDIA ORG

You are unlikely to find the terms 'signage systems', wayfinding systems or 'directional systems' in the wayfinding dictionary.

These are concepts that are as new as the subject itself. Equally new is the whole concept of systematic design that blends together all the technical and functional requirements of a project, although the actual task of showing people the way is as old as humankind. The arrow, for example, is an age-old sign, and in ancient time’s piles of stones used to point the way at crossroads.

One important factor is the number of people involved and the amount of time available. Giving clear information as quickly as possible to large crowds seems a relatively modern concern, although Presumably Roman arenas were cleared pretty quickly, and it would be interesting to know how they did it. At a hospital, airport or trade fair, visitors want to get to the right area as quickly as possible but are often confronted with a bewildering choice of A, B, C etc. Just as people have to be directed through buildings and streets, they also need efficient systems to guide them at transport terminals. A clearly designed system of timetables and Destination is indispensable. One of the very first destinations designs to have used a combination of Words and graphics was the map of the London Underground originally conceived by Harry Beck in 1931) an Displays of train and flight times.[Ref: 4]

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5.1

SIGNAGE DESIGN Signage systems you can tell a company by its graphics. If a building bears the firm's font, or is adorned with the appropriate signs and lettering sends out a friendly signal that accomplishes a great deal more than simply giving address. The concept of such systems is described by the French as signalĂĄtique, which has been adopted by the Swiss and the Germans as Signaletik, emphasizing the active signal more than the sign. This term denotes identification actions - indication, suggestion, and recognition - in contrast to the less dynamic wayfindinq system.

In English less of a distinction is made between these different systems, which are usually all bracketed together under 'signage.

[Ref: 4]

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5.2

WAYFINDING s $EFINITION SIGNS MAPS AND OTHER GRAPHIC OR AUDIBLE METHODS USED TO CONVEY LOCATION AND DIRECTIONS TO TRAVELERS ALSO WRITTEN AS way-finding s %TYMOLOGY

COINED IN BY ARCHITECT +EVIN ,YNCH

7AYFINDING IS OFTEN USED TO REFER TO TRADITIONAL NAVIGATION METHODS USED BY INDIGENOUS PEOPLES )N MORE MODERN TIMES

WAYFINDING IS USED IN THE CONTEXT OF ARCHITECTURE TO REFER TO THE USER EXPERIENCE OF ORIENTATION AND CHOOSING A PATH WITHIN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND IT ALSO REFERS TO THE SET OF ARCHITECTURAL AND OR DESIGN ELEMENTS THAT AID ORIENTATION WIKIPEDIA ORG

Anton Stankowski objects to the very concept of directional systems, since they degrade the observer to the level of a passive, totally dependent object being led through a building.

Such ‘direction' differs from the passivity of wayfindinq aids, as it is up to you whether you take advantage of the latter. And if we look a little more closely at what lies behind these linguistic terms, the design too is different. Active direction imposes itself intrusively on the foreground, and is an end in itself it entails leadership, domination, irresistible authority. A way finding system is polite and restrained, and may hide itself away when it is not needed. It you were not looking for it, you could easily miss it.[Ref: 4] DIRECTIONAL SYSTEMS This is not such an appealing term. The idea of being guided, informed and helped is far more pleasant and gentle than the domineering 'direct", or being actively led. A leader can also mislead, as many a nation has discovered to its cost. [Ref: 4]

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5.2

WAYFINDING What is wayfinding?

The term wayfinding descnbes the processes people go through to find their way round an environment.

The waylinding process is fundamentally problem-solving, and is affected by many factors which are covered in this section.

People's perception of the environment, the wayfinding information available, their ability to orientate themselves spatially, and the cognitive and decision-making processes they go through, all affect how successfully they find their way. [Ref: 17]

start

end

How people find their way?

Many factors affect how people orientate themselves and find their way, but wayfinding is essentially a series of interrelated decisions influenced by personal and environmental factors and also the availability and understandability of information.

Figure 5.2.1 Having decided to make a journey, people will encounter a series of decision points along the route. They look for further information at these points in order to make a decision about which way to go next.[Ref: 17]

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5.3

SIGNAGE ELEMENTS Eye Level Typography Fonts and Forms Arrows Colour in Signage Colour Coding In Signage Semiotics: The Study of Signs Figure 5.3.1

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5.3

EYE LEVEL One absurd 'golden rule' states that an eye level of 163 cm is the ideal height for conveying information. As a general principle, rules should be questioned, and especially this one. Whatever its origin, the measurement of 163 cm divides walls into unbalanced proportions, which is far from ideal.

Figure 5.3.2

When we are standing upright, looking straight ahead, it is possible that our eyes cover a field whose average height is 163 cm above the ground. However, we do not normally walk in a strictly perpendicular manner - our heads tilt slightly forward, and our eyes therefore drop. This is another reason why information should not be placed at eye levels. A good height for the upper edge of a sign on a door, for example, would be 145 cm.

Information at a trade fair or an airport needs to be placed high up, where it can be read above people's heads. The same applies to signposts for lorry drivers, who are seated much higher than motorists. The information must be at such a height that it is not concealed by parked cars or perpendiculars. [Ref: 4]

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5.4

TYPOGRAPHY Figure 5.4.1

'Typography and architecture intersect. Every building has some kind of writing. Houses bear signs. In important buildings, stone masons and architects leave their signatures on stones. House numbers can be decorative or intrusive, while the doorbell and the letterbox may serve as visiting cards. The written word is an accompaniment to the erected stone, and well chosen typography enriches the architecture. It can work with the building, but it can also work against it. Whether unusual or discreet, hard or soft, the lettering should always be integral to the architecture, its ally rather than its enemy.'[Ref: 4] Minnaert building, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

Architects make so little use of typographical elements on their buildings. The main reason will be that the building design doesn’t need it. Most buildings can make their function clear without the use of signage on the façade. As you will find on the buildings listed below, architects used the signage to show the name of the building to the world; there is no building to be found with its function printed on it. The function is supposed to be clear.

Bauhaus, Dessau, Germany

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5.4

TYPOGRAPHY Figure 5.4.2(a)

STUDY OF FONTS:

The Anatomy of Type

Uppercase Letter Serif Cap height

Counter

Ascender

Typography x Bowl

Loop

X height Baseline

Descender

Lowercase Letter

Figure 5.4.2(b)

In a wayfinding system, this relationship is reversed. A handful of large letters stand on a small and restricted surface. The individual forms of the letters are directly connected to that surface and its restrictive borders, which for the most part tend to be rectangular, sharply defined and simple. These characteristics respond more effectively to a font with similar formal qualities i.e. sans serif straight and solid. The stems and strokes of serif characters tend to be tapered, clashing against the stiff rectangles of regular signs.

Text size 64 Ft.

distance

2 inch.

text height

32 Ft. 16 Ft. 8 Ft.

1/4 inch.

1/2 inch.

1 inch.

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10 Point

12 Point

14 Point

18 Point

24 Point

30 Point

TYPOGRAPHY

36 Point

42 Point

48 Point

54 Point

Display Type

Figure 5.4.3

6 Point

8 Point

Text Type (10pt Standard)

72 Points = 1 Inch

12 Points = 1 Pica

Horizontal Rules: .25pt, .5pt, 1pt, 2pt, 4pt, 6pt, 72pt

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

5.4

60 Point

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5.5

ARROWS There are whole books on the subject of arrows, and of course the examples shown here aren't the only varieties. Just as with fonts, there is a wide choice available, but here we shall deal with just two types that are suitable for wayfinding systems.

Figure 5.5.1(a)

Arrow 1 Figure 5.5.2

Arrow 2

Arrow 1 is in FF DIN Light, while arrow 2 is in Thesis the Sans Extra Light Expert. The proportions of the two arrows are similar (Thesis grey, FF DIN black), although the barbs are more tapered in Thesis.

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ARROWS

Figure 5.5.2a

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5.6

COLOURS In wayfinding systems, contrast is important for ease of reading.

If coloured lettering is used on a bright background, the contrast is weak. The optimal contrast is white against dark colours and black against bright colours.

Against a coloured background white lettering always looks best, but only if there is sufficient contrast. Even with bright colours, or against dark shades of yellow, white is most effective. Black lettering tends to merge with the background and make the colour look dirty.

Figure 5.5.1

Coloured lettering can be quite decorative, but it can make a very strong impact and needs to be used sparingly. Coloured letters can also convey a message - for instance, they may indicate that you are on a particular floor. In order to do this efficiently, they must be set in dull surroundings as otherwise the different elements may find themselves in competition with one another.

Generally, coloured lettering is problematic and less expressive than white or black.[Ref: 4]

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

5.6

Moscow Metro Map

COLOUR CODING Colour-coded directions make it easier for visitors to find their way, enabling them to identify quickly the nature of the information they are after. This may only speed the process up by a matter of seconds, but it reduces stress and contributes to the overall efficiency of system.

If plans for a building are laid out on a grid showing partition walls, the tiniest detail can be given a set of coordinates. This clear system avoids confusion if changes are made, without the need for complicated codes.

Figure 5.6.1

If you are numbering rooms in a corridor according to a code, it is best to group all even numbers on one side, and odd numbers on the other. They should also follow the same sequence, so that Low even numbers are opposite low odd numbers. This makes it easier to locate whichever room you are looking for.[Ref:4]

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

5.7

SEMIOTICS Semiotics, also called semiotic studies or semiology, is the study of sign processes (semiosis), or signification and communication, signs and symbols, both individually and grouped into sign systems. It includes the study of how meaning is constructed and understood.

Relation between signs and the things they refer to, their denotata.

Syntactics: Relation of signs to each other in formal structures.

Pragmatics: Relation of signs to their impacts on those who use them. (source: wikipedia .org)

Iconogram: Illustrative representation, An Iconic sign which, as an illustrative representation, emphasizes the points in common between the signifier and the signified.

Pictogram: Pictorial representation, ISOTYPE. An iconic sign which represents complex facts, not through words or sounds but through visual carriers of meaning.

Semantics:

Cartogram: A topographical representation with complex functions (statistics etc.) and iconic facts, for example an atlas or the ground plan of a house.

Diagram: Functional representation. A visual sign which is partly still an iconic representation, but is more a functional carrier that illustrates, for example, a sequence of facts or functions.

Ideogram: Representation of a concept. Corresponds to the sign as a symbol which relates to the object or concept referred to, independently of any formal identification with it.

Typogram: Typographical representation. A sign, also a composed sign, derived from a written repertoire such as the alphabet.

[Ref 19]

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

5.7

SEMIOTICS Semantics

Sigmatics

Syntactics/Syntax

Pragmatics intention

sender/meaning

relation between sign & signified

visual formal modes

(influencing the receiver)

dependent on repertoire of sender and receiver

icon image

form

imperative will, duty

dependent on context other signs culture, surroundings, knowledge, social environment

degree of iconicity substantial resemblance to original

dimension dot, line,flat surface, body, space

suggestive feelings

degree of abstraction substantial deviation from original

quality round, angular, regular, irregular, free

indicative information, knowledge

symbol representative

quantity large, small

index indicator, pointer, mainly characters; if pictorial, icon and symbol possible as index

demarcation empty, fully or partially filled, open form, closed form,clear contours, blurred contours realization structured, sketchy,firm, fuzzy, fragmented, free brightness colour movement material

Fig: 5.7.2 VISUAL SIGNS [Ref 19]

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

5.8

MAP A map is a visual representation of an area—a symbolic depiction highlighting relationships between elements of that space such as objects, regions, and themes. (source: wikipedia.org)

What is a map?

Maps inhabit the realm of fact, although not exclusively. They are figurative representations of dimensions, attributes and relations of things in the physical or logical world. Reproduced at a scale smaller than life-size (usually, but not exclusively -sometimes their scale is 1:1 or, when mapping the microcosm, larger).

What can be mapped?

Anything can be mapped, and most things are: places, businesses, galaxies, histories, bodies, philosophies devices and databases. The subject-matter of a map is measured and named and ordered (captured!) by the mapmaker who, armed with carefully verified data and a language of pictorial description, puts everything in its proper place with its proper name as he or she sees it.[Ref:18]

Figure 5.8.1

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

5.8

MAP

Figure 5.8.2

Why use maps?

Maps give their readers the simple and magical ability to see beyond the horizon. The enlightening arid revelatory characteristic of a good map derives from its encompassing vision, contained within a single consistent pictorial model. The map provides a view that slides instantaneously between panorama and detail. A map embodies the work, knowledge and Intelligence of others. We obtain a vision of a place that we may never have seen, or divine a previously unseen pattern in things we thought we knew intimately. So, we consult a map as we would an adviser in order to locate, identify and decide onto be enlightened. As a result we suffer, sometimes. a grand illusion of omnipotence by believing that the map contains everything necessary for Understanding or controlling a domain. We forget that the mapmaker has an implicit or explicit agenda of his own, not necessarily aligned with ours. Maps are imperfect. They have missing layers arid gaps within the layers.

Paradoxically, much information can be gathered front the gaps left in maps, not least about the mapmaker's intentions. This is, one of the beauties of maps.[Ref:18]

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IIT GUWAHATI Campus Map of IITG from wikimapia

BASIC TOPOGRAPHY

Figure 6.1.1

BASIC CAMPUS LAYOUT

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

6.1

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6.2

TOPOGRAPHY Topography (from greek τόπος topo-, "place", and γράφω graphia, "writing") is the study of Earth's surface shape and features or those of planets, moons, and asteroids. It is also the description of such surface shapes and features (especially their depiction in maps).

The topography of an area can also mean the surface shape and features themselves.

In a broader sense, topography is concerned with local detail in general, including not only relief but also vegetative and humanmade features, and even local history and culture. (source: wikipedia.org)

Figure 6.2.1

the topography of the campus hills (view blockers) lakes (appreciating ground)

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6.3

CIRCULATION Due to topography of the campus one will have to go through ups and downs (slope).

A

B

-the hills in the campus are considered as view blockers as they do not allow a person to see beyond them thus creating a bit of confusion or may be the only one road gives an extra confidence of not being misled.

G

J

-the lakes are called appreciating ground because there is no view obstruction and all the buildings around the lake could be seen clearly, thus giving a clue about where the building is but creating another question about what’s the name of the building?

K

E

H I

F C Figure 6.2.1

D

the topography of the campus hills (view blockers) lakes (appreciating ground) entrance(A, B, C, D) circulation

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

6.4

Role of Topography in Circulation D

H

A

B G

J K

E

E

H

route followed when seen in plan

I

route followed when seen in elevation F

K C

D Lathia bagicha gate

Kaplili

llevel

Siang

library

auditorium

administration

residential quarters

campus.

residential quarters

A to D in plan and in elevation through the

Main entrance

Figure6.4.1 it illustrates the path followed from station

H

level

E

Kendriya Vidyalaya

steep slope

lake Subhansiri sports complex

J

K

academic complex

A

steep slope

computer centre

J D

as the stations are approached the places are positioned which are in proximity with the stations

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Approaching the Campus << From NH31

Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

6.5

A

gar Na e g olle C rom <<F

B G

J K

E

- Private vehicles two wheelers four wheelers - Public vehicles auto rickshaw taxi bus - IITG transport bus ambulance cycle vehicles

H I

F

- Pedestrian

C

D

y Ferr m o r <<F 2.5 km t Gha

From Amingaon>> Figure 6.5.1

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Movement of People << From NH31

Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

6.6

A

4 entrance gates

ge olle C rom <<F

B

IIT Guwahati campus is mainly approached from gate A and gate D.

G

J

- gate A ( main entrance ) - gate B ( ASEB ) - gate C ( Faculty gate ) - gate D ( Lathia bagicha gate )

gar Na

K

Visitors (those who do not have institute ID card) have to sign in (getting a visitor token ) at the gate to come into the campus.

E

H

Residents (students, faculty and staff members)

I F C

D

y Ferr m o r <<F 2.5 km t Gha

Figure 6.6.1 hills (view blockers) lakes (appreciating ground)

From Amingaon>>

entrance(A, B, C, D) movement of people in the campus(circulation)

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Distribution of People

<< From NH31

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

6.6.1

B

gar a eN leg l o mC o r <<F

DISTRIBUTION OF STAFFS, STUDENTS, AND VISITORS ACCORDING TO THE ACTIVITIES, PLACE & TIME

A

STAFFS STUDENTS VISITORS MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE MAX UTILISED ROUTES ENTRANCE (A, B, C, D)

C From Amingaon>>

D

y Ferr m o r <<F 2.5 km t Gha

N

Figure 6.6.1a

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Decision Points

<< From NH31

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

6.6.2

B

gar a eN leg l o mC o r <<F

DISTRIBUTION OF STAFFS, STUDENTS, AND VISITORS ACCORDING TO THE ACTIVITIES, PLACE & TIME

A

STAFFS STUDENTS VISITORS MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE MAX UTILISED ROUTES ENTRANCE (A, B, C, D) DECISION POINTS

C From Amingaon>>

D

y Ferr m o r <<F 2.5 km t Gha

N

Figure 6.6.2a

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

7.0

Digital Signage WHAT IS DIGITAL SIGNAGE SYSTEM ?

Figure 7.0.1

Digital Signage or Narrow Casting is a futuristic media option with the potential of delivering value much beyond traditional media like billboards, print signage and static display unit in a more controlled format. It comprises of an electronic display screen which is integrated with a player at the back end, displaying dynamic multi-media content which is highly attention grabbing and thus more impact full. The content can be changed on the screen without changing the physical display signage. Dynamic digital signage has become today an innovative way of displaying the information in a multimedia format which presents the information in a place where the target audience receives the communication in a more involving and a unique way.

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GRAPHIC SIGNAGE

Electronic display -a discreet information(in packets) -any kind of information -one side interaction

DIGITAL SIGNAGE SYSTEM

Graphic display -a static information -typically way finding -only one side interaction

DIGITAL SIGNAGE

Comparative Analysis

Electronic display -Possibilities for both discreet and continuous information -For a system approach (virtual) -Both side interaction

Figure 7.1.1

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

7.2

Places of Use WHERE DIGITAL SIGNAGE SYSTEM CAN BE USED? HOSPITALITY SECTOR ADVERTISING SECTOR RETAIL SECTOR BANKING SECTOR TRANPORTATION SECTOR CORPORATE SECTOR Figure 7.2.1

WHY DIGITAL SIGNAGE SYSTEM SHOULD BE USED? Greater message impact by using full-motion, full-color video.

Ability to change the message faster, more easily and less expensively compared with replacing printed signage.

Ability to trigger messages based on time of the day, day of week - even event parameters.

Ability to provide regional, local and even site-specific content efficiently and inexpensively.

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SIGNAGE SYSTEM at IITG The signs that identify IITG: must provide assistance to users of the facilities. must also represent an important aspect of the instituteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s visual identity. must communicate essential information about the facility, and about the Institute and its operations.

Figure 8.0.1 IIT GUWAHATI logo

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CRITICAL APPRAISAL The signage system at IITG are - not very clear because its worn out.

- the placements of the directional signage should be properly oriented.

- usability factors should be taken care of. a

b - aspect of the instituteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s visual/ brand identity is not present.

- the colour consistency has been maintained.

- not proprerly illuminated for visibility in dark.

- the identification of other buildings must look belonging from the same family.

c

d

Figure 8.1.1 a) not perfect orientation along the road b) worn out signs c) & d) the identification of other services must match the current system of depiction

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CRITICAL APPRAISAL Some feature of wayfinding which is missing in the present system : - there is no map of the campus - the usage of only one language i.e. ENGLISH - there is no indication for the parking area - the bus stops in the campus which is one of the most important feature has not been exploited - the brand identity is missing

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CRITICAL APPRAISAL In this figure shown at the left : Picture (a)

was taken at 1800 hrs and there was a problem of visibility, the directional signs were not clear at that moment of time.

Picture (b)

was also taken at 1800 hrs by using the flash of the camera, and due to the usage of reflective vinyl sticker for the directional signs it was visible.

DEDUCTION: A better system of illumination must be used so that the signs are visible at any time of the day.

Figure 8.1.2

a

b

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

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CRITICAL APPRAISAL In this figure shown at the left :

Figure 8.1.3

a

Picture (a)

was taken at 1900 hrs and there was a problem of visibility, the directional signs were not clear at that moment of time.(NB: the street lights were switched on by that time)

Picture (b)

was also taken at 1900 hrs by using the flash of the camera, and due to the usage of reflective vinyl sticker for the directional signs, it was visible.

The background used here is buffed metal and the directional signe are dark in shade as com pared to earlier figure. The map shown here doesnot give any clue to the user about where he is, leading to confusion.

b

DEDUCTION: Care should be taken to give the user a clue of where he/she is. This would increase the effectiveness of the map provided

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8.2

Studying the present system Location of the decision points: How a user interacts with the current system and reaches his destination from the source station.

Series of actions which takes place

B

A

-what information is available at the source station

B

-lead according to the information processed

D

C

-at the time of bifurcation in the way decision should be taken accordingly to the information available

E

-while reaching the destination, there should be some indication that the station has been reached and the journey is complete

C D

Figure 8.2.1

The figure shown in left illustrates the path followed to reach the destination from the source. In between there are some decision points where the direction are given. The study was done to know how the task is performed and what key factors should be considered while placing the directional signs.

route followed from station A to E Signage

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Studying the present system 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

B

A

C

C

13

14

15

16

17

18

D Figure 8.2.2

The figure 8.8.2 shows the snaps A of the route taken to start the B journey from station A to station E. In between there were some key point called as decision point which provided a great help in taking the decision. The factor C which influenced the place ment of the sign post was the division of the road, there were D E sign post at the time when there was another question, now where to go, or which way to follow.

Studying this part of the system gives the basic idea of placement of the sign posts. Though there were some points where there was a long way to cover and there were no decision points (from station B to station C) but still there was some confidence because there were no diversions.

After reaching to the destination E there was an indication which showed that the goal is achieved.

E

snaps of the route followed from station A to E Signage

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8.2

Studying the present system 1

2

3

10

11

12

4

5

6

13

14

15

7

8

9

16

17

18

19

Figure 8.2.3

20

21

snaps of the route followed from Faculty Gate to the main gate

the architectural features like creating a pathway for the pedestrian and painting it in black and white stripes, which would give the user an extra confidence and would also prevent them in entering to the sites specifically for the pedestrian and cycle movements.

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

9.0 MY

Interpretation & Exploration

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.1

MAP for IITG Map, whenever I hear this word the first thing which comes to my mind is the map of India and then the world map.

One of things which are common in both the maps is their orientation, which always shows the north direction pointing upwards.

Can you imagine a map of world where north is pointed downwards?

Figure 9.0.1

When I started conceptualising about the map for IITGuwahati campus certain questions were there: -what should the orientation of the map be?

-should the YAH position be fixed and the map be rotated around it?

-should the map be made differently for different entrances?

So it is clear that people usually create a mental model (mental image, mental map) which simplifies the environment, and the routes through it, based on available information. When they arrive at a site, or continue along a route, they then try to match their mental model to the actual environment. This is a part of the process of decision executing.

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.1.1

MAP for IITG How people find their way

Where to go?

Maps should provide clear, unambiguous answers to three questions: • • •

where am I and where am I going; how will I get there; how will I know when I have arrived.

Purpose of visit?

Finding the location of IITG

Find the entrance of the campus

Good signage helps to explain the facility and, in a sense, answers questions before they are asked. A well-planned system enables people to find their destination readily and quickly, reducing the need to search or to ask questions. All signs within a facility tend to interact, and the effectiveness of a system depends on all its components being consistent.

Looking into the map & locate

Find the route to the destination

Follow the route to destination Figure 9.0.2

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.1.1

MAP for IITG Steps involved in building a map for IIT Guwahati -orientation of the map -locating the natural features eg. lakes, hills, river, forest etc.

-drawing the boundaries -removing irrelevant information from the map -drawing the circulation -dividing into different zones -assigning the colour to different services -naming the services or prepare a legend -locating prominent landmarks for people to notice, remember and recognize -sequence, priority and grouping of sign messages Figure 9.0.2 illustration of sequence of steps followed for IITG map

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.1.1

MAP for IITG A map is incomplete without a proper legend or it would mean nothing.

A map symbol represents a feature or object on the ground.

A legend explains what objects or features the symbols represent.

Figure 9.0.3 continued illustration of sequence of steps followed for IITG map

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.1.1

MAP for IITG 



 



a

b

c

the sketch of the map starts with the layout of the boundary and with the orientation i.e. giving the north sign

after the boundary was drawn the natural features were drawn with reference to the topography of the campus i.e. the water body, hills, river etc

after conceiving the general topography of the campus the circulation within the campus was defined and marked

Figure 9.0.4 continued illustration of sequence of steps followed for IITG map Signage

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9.1.1

Interpretation & Exploration

MAP for IITG 



 River Ghoramara

River Ghoramara

ara ram ho River G

ara ram ho River G

Rive

Rive

ram ho rG

ram ho rG

ara

ara

d

e

f

when the circulation (roads) were marked different zones were created with respect to their functions and services and colour

when the circulation (roads) were marked layout of the buildings were created keeping the outline profile and different colour code were assigned to each type of building

the area assigned and the building layout were applied together for the general idea of the map

Figure 9.0.4 continued illustration of sequence of steps followed for IITG map Signage

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9.1.1

Interpretation & Exploration

MAP for IITG 

 River Ghoramara

River Ghoramara

River Ghoramara

Towards NH31 >>







(Main Gate) G1











G2(ASEB)













ara ram ho River G

ara ram ho River G

ara ram ho River G







 

 





 

 

 

G4(Faculty Gate) 2.5 Ferry Ghat Towards

ara

ara

ara

G3(Lathia Bagicha Gate)

km >>

ram ho rG Rive

ram ho rG Rive

ram ho rG Rive



<< Towards Amingaon

g

h

i

the area code and the building layout were looking too much clumsy, so the area code was removed

when the area code was removed from the map it looked too blank so the size of the area was altered for the purpose of quick interpretation of the colour code by the users

the building layouts were assigned a tag or a particular number which would carry information when referred to, in the legend

Figure 9.0.4 continued illustration of sequence of steps followed for IITG map Signage

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.1.2

Legend in MAP for IITG 1.97 1.40

1.40

0.55

The size of the letters used in the map must be atleast viewable from the distance of 4 meters so that one does not require to get out from the vehicle to facilitate it.

1.60 2.23

Different layouts have been tried and tested for the positioning of the legend part of the map.

0.60

1.97 1.40

Legend for the IIT Guwahati map must be very simple and clear for the users to inter relate the message required and information provided.

Some new words and graphics has been formulated for the IITG map, so it was necessary to provide those new item in the legend so that the users donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t interpret it wrongly.

1.97 0.55

1.40

0.55

The colour coding system was derived from the map zoning part so that the time required for the users to interpret and inter relate gets shorten.

1.60 2.23

0.60

all dimensions are in meters

Figure 9.0.5 options for the format of legend for the map

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9.1.2

Legend in MAP for IITG LEGEND INSTITUTIONAL  Administration  Auditorium  Library/ Computer Centre  Lecture Hall  Academic  Workshop

LEGEND INSTITUTIONAL  Academic Complex  Administration Building  Auditorium  Lecture Hall  Library/ Computer Centre  Workshop

HOSTELS Subhansiri Married Scholar Hostel Siang Kapili Dihing Manas Kameng Barak Umiam

HOSTELS Barak Dihing Kameng Kapili Manas Married Scholar Hostel Siang Subhansiri Umiam

           

    



        

SERVICES Guest House Hospital Transit Complex Community Hall (STUDENTS) Community Hall (STAFF) Sports Complex Swimming Pool Shopping Complex Akshara Kids School Kendriya Vidyalaya RAILWAY(Reservation Counter) ATM / Canteen Post Office

            

Bus stops S1- S11 Parking Entrance Information You Are Here

IIT Guwahati Map

SERVICES ATM / Canteen Akshara Kids School Community Hall (STAFF) Community Hall (STUDENTS) GuestHouse Hospital Kendriya Vidyalaya Post office RAILWAY(Reservation Counter) Transit Complex Shopping Complex Sports Complex Swimming Pool HOUSING

HOUSING A B C D E

 A  B  C

ALPHABETICAL

        

SEQUENTIAL

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

 D  E  F

Bus stops S1- S11 Entrance L Information  Parking You Are Here

IIT Guwahati Map

The size of the letters used in the LEGEND which is viewable from the distance of 4 meters is 80points - 48 points.

The colour coding of the legend is done with respect to the zoning part of the map to establish the relation from the map.

The name of the buildings are written in two fashion - ALPHABETICAL - SEQUENTIAL The options were tried and the test proved the ALPHABETICAL part to be the better.

Figure 9.0.6 options for the arrangement of names for the legend

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.1.2

Legend in MAP for IITG

Figure 9.0.7 FINAL MAP with LEGEND

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.2

TYPOGRAPHY

Signage System Signage System

We encounter with the fonts in our day to day life, be it from a small wrist watch or a huge billboard of advertisement. People see it everywhere and anywhere. The usage of fonts in different fashion shows the significance of the fonts.

In this part of the chapter I will be explaining and exploring the fonts used for the purpose of the signage system. Most readable letters are lowercase letters.

Figure 9.2.1 the clues given by the top and bottom part of typeface

General mistakes to be avoided: -long passages in capital letters; -long passages in italic; -printing on colored paper, over tint blocks or over photos; -use of ornamented or otherwise defaced type.

People read not by looking at each letter of a word, but by looking at the shape of each wordâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s letters. And there are more clues on the top half of letters than on the bottom, generally speaking.

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.2.1

FONTS Arial AvantGarde Calibiri CastleT CATIA SYMBOL Corbel Franklin Gothic Book Franklin Gothic Medium Futura BdCn BT Futura Bk BT Futura Md BT Futura Lt BT

Geometr415 Lt BT Geometr231 BT Gill Sans MT Gothic Gothic 725 Bold BT HandelGotDLig Helvetica Humanst521 BT HoratioDMed Kartika Kabel Medium BT Kabel Book BT

Lucida Sans Unicode Myriad Tahoma Swiss 721 Bold Rounded BT Swiss 721 Bold Outline BT Swiss 721 Bold Condensed Outline BT Segoe UI  Trebuchet MS Verdana

Figure 9.2.2 the list of fonts selected for the signage system

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.2.2

Experimentation on FONTS Futura Bk BT

Futura BdCn BT

Franklin Gothic Medium

Franklin Gothic Book

TTYogeshEN Normal

Corbel

CATIA Symbols

CastleT

AvantGarde Bk BT

Century Gothic

Calibiri

Arial

Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration AdministraƟon Administration

Futura Md BT

Geometr231 BT

Geometr415 Lt BT

Gill Sans MT

Gothic 725 Bold BTl

HandelGotDLig

HoratioDMed

Humanst521 BT

Kabel Book BT

Kabel Medium BT

Kartika

Lucida Sans Unicode

Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration

Helvetica

Futura Lt BT

Myriad

SansSerif

Segoe UI

Swiss 721 Bold Condensed Outline BT

Swiss 721 Bold Outline BT

Swiss 721 Bold Rounded BT

Tahoma

Trebuchet MS

Administration Administration Administration  Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration Administration

VAGRounded Lt-Normal

Verdana

Administration

Figure 9.2.4 Different fonts were tried on same word

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.2.3

Screening of the FONTS Futura utu a Bk BT

Ad i i t ti Administration

Futura utu a Md d BT

Administration Ad d i ist atiio

Helvetica

Futura utu a Ltt BT

Myriad

Franklin Gothic Book

Corbel

CATIA Sy C Symbols bo s

Ad i i t ti Administration

Gill Sans MT

Ad i i t ti Administration Administration Humanst521 BT

AvantGarde Bk BT

Century Gothic

Calibiri

Arial a

Administration Administration d i i i Ad i i t Ɵ AdministraƟon Administration

Ad i i t ti Administration

SansSerif

Administration Administration Ad d i ist atio Ad i i t ti Administration 

Ad i i t ti Administration Tahoma

Administration d i i i

VAGRounded Lt Lt-Normal Normal

Lucida Sans Unicode

Administration dministration

Verdana

Administration d

the shortlisting of the fonts has been done on the basis of legibility and certain amount of biasness was also there as there were more than 40 fonts Figure 9.2.5 Fonts left after the first shortlist

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Gill Sans G S s MT

Humanst521 BT

Lucida Sans Unicode

Futura u u a Bk BT

Franklin Gothic Book

Corbel

CATIA Sy C Symbols bo s

AvantGarde Bk BT

Century Gothic

Calibiri

Arial

Helvetica e e ca

Futura u u a Lt BT

Myriad y ad

SansSerif Sa sSe

Tahoma

Administration Ad d i ist atiio Administration Ad i istt attio Administration Ad d i istt ttio Ad Administration d i ist atio Administration Ad d i ist atio Administration Ad d i istt attio Administration Ad d i istt attio Administration d st at o Administration Administration d i i i Ad i i t Ɵ AdministraƟon Administration Administration d st at o Administration Ad d i ist atio Administration Ad d i istt attio       Administration d i i i

Interpretation & Exploration

9.2.3

Screening of the FONTS Futura u u a Bk BT

CATIA Sy C Symbols bo s

AvantGarde Bk BT

Helvetica e e ca

Myriad y ad

SansSerif Sa sSe

Administration Ad d i ist atio Administration d st at o Administration

Administration d st at o Ad Administration d i istt attio      

the total of 5 fonts were shortlisted after 2nd and 3rd screening on the basis of the size and legibility and tightness and looseness

3rd screening

Futura Md BT

2nd screening

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

AvantGarde Bk BT

Administration

Administration d st at o

Helvetica e e ca

Ad Administration d i istt attio      

Myriad y ad

SansSerif Sa sSe

VAGRounded G ou ded Lt-Normal t o a

VAGRounded G ou ded Lt-Normal t o a VAGRounded G ou ded Lt-Normal t o a

Verdana e da a

Administration d i i i Figure 9.2.6 Fonts left after the 2nd and 3rd shortlist

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.2.4

FONT SELECTION HELVETICA: Contemporary typeface that comes from Swiss. It was introduced in 1957 by the Haas typefoundry and was first presented in the US in the early 1960's - Sans Serif letter / Both stroke are equal / comfortable for reading.

abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy yz 0123456789 abcdefghijklmnopqrstu abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy yz z 0123456789 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz b d f hijkl t 0123456789         AvantGarde Bk BT

Helvetica

Myriad

SansSerif

VAGRounded Lt-Normal Figure 9.2.7 Fonts left after the 3rd shortlist

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.2.5

FONTS & SIZE The size of the font for the signage is guided by certain factors: -visibility -legibility -clarity -decision time -speed of the user (vehicle, pedestrian, cycle) -the angle from which a sign would normally be viewed -the quality and intensity of the light available -possible obstructions of the sight lines between viewer and sign.

The concept of â&#x20AC;&#x153;clearâ&#x20AC;? identification pertains to the size and location of a sign (visibility), the relationship of the sign to the observer (legibility), and the wording of the message (clarity).

Differences exist with respect to ratios between character size and viewing distance. This means that the character size and, consequently, the size of the sign must be increased to ensure a proper degree of legibility for persons who are visually impaired.

The placement of such signs is also critical.

The viewing distances referred to here are pedestrian related, which means that they are based on an observer who is standing or walking towards a sign. When determining the character size for a sign intended for vehicular traffic, the normal speed of traffic passing the sign becomes an additional factor.

Figure 9.2.8 Suggested letter size as per viewing distance

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9.2.5

FONTS & SIZE applying the trignometry the relationship can be established between ‘x’ and ‘y’, the angle made the hypotenuse to the ‘x’ is 22.5

o

so we can say that

y = x tan 22.5 y = 0.4 x

Viewing angle Sign should be placed at a right angle to the observer’s central line of vision. Legibility decreases if angle is less than 45 degree.

sign

o

y

sign

IDEAL CONDITION

sign

x

not OK

OK

OK

not OK

but generally we donot look forward in right angle, instead we tend to bend forward and our line of sight is

ACTUAL CONDITION

x

y

y = x tan 15 y = 0.25x

o

approx 11meters

Figure 9.2.9 veiwing angle and distance relationship

Viewing distance and displacement The placement of a sign should be determined in relation to the observer’s normal line of vision. Angle of displacement should be between 5 and 15 degrees.

Viewing distance and character size The decision concerning viewing distance and character size is important because it affects the sign’s legibility and ultimate size.

sign

effective viewing area

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

(all dimensions are in meters)

Traffic speed Sign intended for vehicle, the 50 or 60 mm size should be considered for traffic speeds of up to 30 km/h; the 80 or 100 mm size for speeds of up to 50 km/h; and the 120, 150 or 200 mm size for speeds of up to 100km/h.

Illumination Perception of a sign depends mostly on the quality, intensity and colour of light that falls. Ambient light should suffice, but operational or site conditions may require special facility.

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.3

COLOUR

ry Se

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

j

k

iar

Te rt

b

Te rt

Pri m

co n

Te rt

a

y

da

y iar

Se

iar

y

ary

ry da

Te rt

co n

y

Pri m

iar

Te rt

iar

y

ary

ry da Se

co n

Te rt

iar

y

ary Pri m

Variations

One of the most integral part of the design of the signage system are the colours and must be applied consistently. In wayfinding systems, contrast is important for ease of reading. If coloured lettering is used on a bright background, the contrast is weak. The optimal contrast is white against dark colours and black against bright colours.Against a coloured background white lettering always looks best, but only if there is sufficient contrast. Even with bright colours, or against dark shades of yellow, white is most effective. Black lettering tends to merge with the background and make the colour look dirty.

l

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 9.3.1 colour chart specifing the variations from the primary, secondary and tertiary colour

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9.3

FONTS & COLOUR

c lours

maps

pedestrian

analysis

signage

legends

symbols

circulation

illumination topography

research

autocad

topography information

semiotics

Not only is the contrast important also the chosen typeface make the difference in a good or bad sign. When using too bold weighted typefaces the text look like its expanding of the sign, when using too light weighted typefaces the text fall back into its background. Medium or Regular weights are usually the best options to choose for a good and readable sign.

fonts

semantics

building

behaviour

light

cartography

illustrator

universal

confusion

icon

graphic

signage

exploration

interaction

symbols

campus

code

size and shape

screen

circulation architecture way cartography finding arrows shad symbols typographycontrast consistency information directions illusion maps vision universal design mental model vehicles

people movement

Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Figure 9.3.1 Exploration of colours with the fonts for the check of clarity

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.4

ARROWS i x/4

x/4

ii

x/4 x

iii x/10

x/5

x/5

x/5

x/10

x/10 0

x

Arrows contribute a lot in showing the direction and from time to time the basic shape and feature has not changed. Though there has always been evolution in the form of the arrow.

My approach for the derivation of the directional arrow is completely based on proportion and the foreground and background relationship of the form.

x iv x/20

The arrowâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s size is not fixed so a relation was established in between the enclosing box and the width of the tail and arms.

Few of the options tried are show in the figure.

x/20 0

x/20 x v

Figure 9.4.1 deriving the proportion of the arrow (pointer and tail)

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.4

ARROWS The basic width of the arm and the tail of the arrow has been kept fixed for proper visibility and clarity. Some of the more options were tried by altering the sharp edges and reducing and tapering the tail of the arrow. The concept of double arrows has also been exploited here and finally got a clue to use that for showing TOWARDS.

Figure 9.4.2 Exploration of arrows Signage

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.4.1

ARROWS & COLOUR

Figure 9.4.3 Exploration of arrows and colour Signage

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.5.1

YOU ARE HERE

YOU ARE

HERE

YOU ARE

HERE

YOU ARE HERE

YOU ARE HERE

YOU ARE HERE

You are here maps are there where it is necessary to show where the person viewing the map is actually in the map.

You are here icons must convey two messages - location of the person viewing the map .

- what is the orientation of the person when viewing the map.

YOU ARE HERE

YOU ARE HERE

+

=

YOU ARE HERE

YOU ARE HERE

YOU ARE HERE

Figure 9.5.2 Exploration for the depiction for YOU ARE HERE in the map Signage

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.5.2

ENTRANCE SIGN There are lots of icons for the depiction of the entrance and here are some of my explorations for the icon of the entrance sign to IITG campus.

The exploration for the icon of entrance is done on the basis of foreground and background relation, or simply positive and negative space.

+

Figure 9.5.1 Exploration for the depiction for ENTRANCE in the map

enter in this direction

=

=

symbol for door used in architecture

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

>>

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD 

  D50-102 02 2

 





((Main Gate)



 













  

E1 E1-24

- For whom is the board placed?

-pedestrian movement -vehicular movement

G2(ASEB)



D 9 D1D1-49

G G1





 E 25-60 0



- What should be the distance between the board and joint /node of the circulation system?





The placement of the signboards in the campus is the crucial part of the signage design as it has to satisfy the factors related to visibility, response time, and the layout of the elments placed in the signboard.

 





 

IIT Guwah Guwahati Map

River Ghoramara

Towards NH - 31





D103-132 32 2

  

 



 

horamara



er G Riv

SAC

  Cricket Ground





- The distance is governed by the fact that it has to be interpreted by the users within 3 - 4 seconds (time limit).

  

 

 

- The speed of approach to the joint/ node of the circulation system is also a key factor for determining the position of the sign board.

 





  





G4(Faculty Faculty Gate)





 (Lathia Bagicha a Gate))

G G3

<< Towards Amingaon g

ra ma ora



r Gh Rive

Towards t 2.5 km >> ha Ferry G



  

- The angle made to it is also one of the factor to be considered.

River Bramhputraa

Figure 9.6.1 Illustration of positioning of the sign board in the map Signage

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD Academic Lecture Hall Administration

Academic Lecture Hall Administration Library Sports complex

Academic Lecture Hall Administration Workshop

ELEMENTS in the sign board

Library Sports complex

Academic Lecture Hall Administration Library Sports complex

- name of the buildings - background colour - directional arrows - size of the fonts - colour of fonts - gaps in between the letters and words and kerning - layout and arrangement - format - hierarchy of information

Library Sports complex

Guest House Hospital

Figure 9.6.2 Experiment with elements

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD When we talk about a font’s spacing, or letter fit, we’re referring to the amount of space between the characters, which in turn gives the typeface its relative openness or tightness. A font’s spacing is initially determined by the manufacturer or designer and is somewhat size-dependent. Text designs tend to be spaced more openly than display faces. The reason? The smaller the point size, the more space is needed between letters to keep the characters legible. Conversely, as a typeface is set larger, a snugger fit between letters creates word-shapes that are easier to read.

(a)

Although spacing is dictated by personal taste as well as typographic trends, the goal of good letter fit remains the same: to create even “colour,” or visual texture, between all character combinations. It’s more difficult than it might seem, since the irregular shapes of many characters create some problematic letter combinations. This is where kerning comes to the rescue...

(b)

(c)

Academic Complex

Academic Complex

Academic Complex

Academic Complex

Academic Complex

Academic Complex

Academic Complex

Academic Complex

Figure 9.6.3 Experimentation with letter spacing, word spacing and kerning.

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD Kerning refers to the adjustment of space between two specific characters, thus the term kerning pair. Most often, kerning implies a reduction of space, but it can also mean the addition of space. Kern pairs are created to improve the spacing between two letters when the normal spacing is less than ideal. A perfect example is the spacing between a cap ‘A’ and ‘V.’ Typically, both ‘A’ and ‘V’ would be spaced so the terminals of their diagonal strokes nearly touch the vertical stroke in the adjacent letter, like an ‘H.’ When a ‘A’ and ‘V’ are set next to each other, however, the spacing looks too open. Kerning adjusts the spacing to be optically correct.

(a)

AV AH AV AV AV AH AH AH

(b)

(c) Figure 9.6.4 Experimentation with letter spacing, word spacing and kerning.

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD Speed

Size

30 kmph

50 - 60 mm

50 kmph

80 - 100 mm

100 kmph

150 - 200 mm

Speed & character size ratio Figure 9.6.5 Relation between speed & size

The walking speed of a human being in an average is approximately 5-6 kmph. With this speed a human can easily read and identify, so their should be consideration for the vehicular movement in the campus.

In the campus the speed limit of the vehicles is restricted to 40kmph, so the chart refered for this particular purpose is shown here.

The ultimate size of a sign can be a critical factor and should be assessed during the planning process. This applies to exterior signs in particular, where environmental or aesthetic concerns should be part of the criteria that are considered in determining the size and location of a sign.

Both the character size and the length of the message determine the overall size of a sign. It follows that the size of a sign can be reduced by rephrasing the message or by selecting a different character size.

Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

81

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

>>

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD Towards NH - 31

River Ghoramara

  D50-102 02 2

 





((Main Gate)

 



G2(ASEB)



 



D 9 D1D1-49

G G1

The study of the campus of IITG revealed some unique features about the circulation of the campus. The junctions provided in the campus are either ‘T’ or ‘Y’ junction. And this unique feature of the campus would help us in determining the modular and standardised approach for the positioning and installation of the signboards.







 















  

E1 E1-24



The figure illustrates the junctions in yellow colour and the other red, green and blue circles denote the signboards, each board for each road.



E 25-60 0









D103-132 32 2

  

 



 

  Cricket Ground



Further the ‘T’ and ‘Y’ junctions are studied in detail and major and minor roads are determined.

horamara





er G Riv

SAC

  

 

   





  





G4(Faculty Faculty Gate)

 (Lathia Bagicha a Gate))

<< Towards Amingaon g

G G3

ra ma ora



r Gh Rive

Towards t 2.5 km >> ha Ferry G



River Bramhputraa

Figure 9.6.7 Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

82

Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD THE POSITIONING OF THE SIGNBOARD: Various factors influencing the location of the signboards are - not to cause an obstruction - not be obscured (by plants, vehicles, building etc.)

- luminance contrast - uniformity - consistency - eye level

Figure 9.6.9 The illustration of the positioning of the signboard at the T junctions

Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

83

Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD THE POSITIONING OF THE SIGNBOARD: Signboards may be placed along the sides of walkways. They may not be in the middle of walkway intersections. Signboards cannot be placed in front of entrances or exits to buildings and cannot obstruct the flow of traffic in and out of buildings, or along walkways. Signboards may not be placed inside of buildings.

The pathway provided for the pedestrian movement has an extension provided to it, (the yellow part in the diagram). This extension demarcates itself in the area giving an extra edge over the identification of the signboard. The yellow portion is accessible for disabled persons also.

Figure 9.6.10 The illustration of the positioning of the signboard at the Y junctions

Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

84

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD 1J Depiction of the arrows

JUNCTION

Front face of board 1

Back face of board

JA 1

1

JC

JB

Intersection junction -Y type Buildings in proximity: Entrance gate 1,Shopping complex, Housing Area [D1, D2, E1, E2], BusStop1

Junction ‘1J’ is the first one after entering into the IITG campus and it shall provide all the building names and directions pertaining to it. It should also convey the message that the rest of the signboards at the junctions are placed in the same fashion as seen here, this is an attempt to create a standard for the layout and the placement of the signboards at the junctions as explained earlier in this part of the chapter.

As we move further in this part, discussion would be done for the betterment of the modular or standardised system. The effort will be focused towards the efficiency and the cost effectiveness of the installations at the junctions. Thus in this part of the chapter the agenda would be to find the best place for the installations of the signboards. As we can see there are three signboards installed with their both face giving the clues to the visitors in the campus.

SIGN BOARD

1

JA

SIGN BOARD

1

JB

SIGN BOARD

1

JC

Institutional Area Bank / ATM / Post Office Hostels Sports Complex Community Hall(Student) KV IITG Reservation Counter

Residences D 103 -132 E 25 - 60

Exit (Main Gate)

Residences Guest House Hospital Community Hall (Staff)

Institutional Area Bank / ATM / Post Office Hostels Sports Complex

Market Complex Residences D 103 -D132 E 025 -E060

Market Complex Residences D 103 -132 E 25 - 60

Exit (Main Gate) Market Complex

Residences A, B, C, F D 001 -D102 E 001 - E024 Hospital

Exit (Main Gate)

Residences A, B, C, F D 001 -D102 E 001 -E 024 Guest House Hospital Community Hall (Staff)

Exit (Main Gate)

Exit (Main Gate)

Market Complex Residences D 103 -132 E 25 - 60

Residences A, B, C, F D 001 -D102 E 001 -E 024 Hospital Market Complex Residences D 103 -132 E 25 - 60

Residences A, B, C, F D 001 -102 E 001 - 024 Hospital

Figure 9.6.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

85

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

2J

Intersection Junction Y Type

SIGN BOARD

2

JA

SIGN BOARD

2

JB

SIGN BOARD

2

JC

Administration (Bank/ATM) Auditorium 2

2

Buildings in proximity: Auditorium, Administration, Lecture Hall, Library, Computer Centre, Bus Stop 2

JA

JC 2

JB

Sports Complex Hostels Residence(F Type) Guest House Hospital Post Office/ Reservation KV IITG

Academic Complex Workshop

Entrance Gate Market Complex Residences

Academic Complex Workshop

Exit (Main Gate) Residences A, B, C, D, E Market Complex

Sports Complex Hostels Residence(F Type) Guest House Hospital

Exit (Main Gate) Residences A, B, C, D, E Market Complex

Sports Complex Hostels Residence(F Type) Guest House Hospital Post Office/ Reservation KV IITG

Sports Complex Hostels Residence(F Type) Guest House Hospital Post Office/ Reservation KV IITG

Auditorium Administration(Bank) Library Computer Centre Lecture Theatre Academic Complex

Care should be taken in providing the directions for the services and emergencies at all the junctions and the layout designed must have some hierarchy of the information given Academic Complex Workshop into it, like- distance, direction, alphabetical order, proximity and emergency, etc.

At this junction ‘2J’ there is intersection of three major and one minor road which leads to Administration and another pedestrian pathway also meets this junction which connects this junction to the Institutional Area. It is very important to Exit (Main Gate) convey the message for those pedestrian who have to walk for Residences A, B, C, D, E more 5 minutes if they follow the general signage system.

Market Complex There is also a provision for parking in the front of the Administration Building, that information must also be conveyed at the same time. Services like Banks and ATMs are in the Administration and this information should also be conveyed at the same time.

Figure 9.6.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards

Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

86

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

3

JA

3J

3

JB

Intersection Junction T Type

Buildings in proximity: Subhansiri, Sports complex, Housing Area [ F], Administration, Library, Computer centre, Bus Stop 5

Again at the junction ‘3J’ there is a pedestrian pathway which leads to the Institutional Area, and once again the importance for the pedestrians has come in the scene. It is also seen that, this type of situation is not very common in the campus so a general system of installations for the pedestrians can be established before the pedestrian pathways.

Thus installing an identifiable signboard for the movement of the pedestrians can solve the problem of connecting the Institutional Area from the junction ‘3J’.

By maintaining the modular kind of approach for the signage system, there are actually repetitions involved in the information or the data displayed. This repetition of the information creates a kind of confusion for the visitors and if the information can be well managed then the number of installations can also be limited and ultimately the cost can be checked without compromising the navigational capabilities of the system.

Figure 9.6.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards

SIGN BOARD

3

JA

SIGN BOARD

3

JB

Sports Complex Married Scholars Hostel Hostel (Boys)

Institutional Area

Subhansiri(Girls Hostel) Residence(F,A,B,C) Guest House Community Hall (Staff) Hospital

Sports Complex Married Scholars Hostel Hostel (Boys) KV IITG Post Office/ Reservation

Institutional Area Auditorium Administration(Bank) Library Computer Centre Lecture Theatre Academic Complex

Institutional Area Market Complex Entrance Gate

Exit (Main Gate) Residences ( D, E ) Market Complex Institutional Area Auditorium Administration(Bank) Library Computer Centre Lecture Theatre Academic Complex

Subhansiri(Girls Hostel) Residence(F,A,B,C) Guest House Community Hall (Staff) Hospital

Subhansiri(Girls Hostel) Residence(F,A,B,C) Guest House Community Hall (Staff) Hospital

Exit (Main Gate) Residences ( D, E ) Market Complex Institutional Area

Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

87

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

4

JA

4J

4

JB

Intersection Junction T Type

Buildings in proximity: Subhansiri, Sports complex, Housing Area [ F], Administration, Library, Computer centre, Bus Stop 5

After arriving at the junction ‘4J’ we are actually at the entrance of the sports complex but it is important for the visitors to recognise that the sports complex has been arrived so special provisions for the identification of the building must be formulated under the provision of personal identification of the buildings and the services.

The directions for the Exits must also be provided at each signboard and the layout must also contain the directions for the emergency services like Hospital.

The other services like Kendriya Vidyalaya, Reservation counter, Post Office, Banks, ATM cannot be neglected so the display must also contain these types of general information for getting the directions.

SIGN BOARD

4

JA

SIGN BOARD

4

JB

Sports Complex

Subhansiri(Girls Hostel) Guest House Institutional Area Residences Market Complex Entrance Gate(Main)

Institutional Area Guest House Residences Communitty Hall(Staff) Market Complex Exit (Main Gate)

Hostel(Boys) Library Computer Centre Academic Complex KV IITG / Reservation Exit (Lathiabagicha Gate)

Married Scholars Hostel Hostel(Boys) Technology Complex Community Hall(Student) Hospital

Sports Complex

Hostel(Boys) KV IITG Reservation Exit (Lathiabagicha Gate)

Married Scholars Hostel Hostel (Boys) Technology Complex Hospital

Married Scholars Hostel Hostel (Boys) Technology Complex Hospital

Institutional Area Guest House Residences Communitty Hall(Staff) Market Complex Exit (Main Gate)

Figure 9.6.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

88

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

5

JA

5J

5

JB

Intersection Junction T Type

Buildings in proximity: Academic Complex, Lecture Hall, Workshop, Bus Stop 3

Junction ‘5J’ is actually in the vicinity of the institutional area and now there are two divisions to proceed. The Academic complex is surrounded by the road from all sides and the area covered by the academic complex is quite large and the departments are located at the different areas so the layout of the academic complex must be displayed at this junction to provide the general information about the departments to visitor or the users.

The directions given for the rest of the areas and for this area would be a little different as this junction would also comprise the layout plan of academic complex and where to go and park according to the vicinity of the destination in the academic complex.

SIGN BOARD

5

JA

SIGN BOARD

5

JB

Academic Complex Library Lecture Hall Computer Centre Administration

Workshop

Sports Complex Guest House Residences Market Complex Entrance Gate(Main) Hostel Hospital

Academic Complex Library Lecture Hall Computer Centre Guest House Sports Complex Hospital

Academic Complex Workshop

Sports Complex Guest House Residences Market Complex Entrance Gate(Main) Hostel Hospital

Sports Complex Guest House Residences Market Complex Entrance Gate(Main) Hostel Hospital

Academic Complex Workshop

Figure 9.6.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

89

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

6

6J

Buildings in proximity: Academic Complex, Computer Centre, Library

JA 6

6

Intersection Junction Y Type

JB

JC

Junction ‘6J’ is actually in the vicinity of the institutional area and now there are two divisions to proceed. The Academic complex is surrounded by the road from all sides and the area covered by the academic complex is quite large and the departments are located at the different areas so the layout of the academic complex must be displayed at this junction to provide the general information about the departments to visitor or the users.

The directions given for the rest of the areas and for this area would be a little different as this junction would also comprise the layout plan of academic complex and where to go and park according to the vicinity of the destination in the academic complex.

SIGN BOARD

6

JA

SIGN BOARD

6

JB

SIGN BOARD

6

JC

Library Computer Centre Hostels Hospital Guest House Sports Complex

Academic Complex Exit(Lathiabagicha Gate) Kendriya Vidyalaya

Academic Complex Lecture Hall Administration Workshop

Academic Complex Exit(Lathiabagicha Gate) Kendriya Vidyalaya

Academic Complex Lecture Hall Administration Workshop

Library Computer Centre Hostels Hospital Guest House Sports Complex

Academic Complex Lecture Hall Administration Workshop

Library Computer Centre Hostels Hospital Guest House Sports Complex

Academic Complex Exit(Lathiabagicha Gate) Kendriya Vidyalaya

Academic Complex Exit(Lathiabagicha Gate) Kendriya Vidyalaya

Academic Complex Lecture Hall Administration Workshop

Academic Complex Lecture Hall Administration Workshop

Figure 9.6.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

90

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

7J

7

7

JA

Intersection Junction T Type

Buildings in proximity: Academic Complex, Computer Centre, Library

SIGN BOARD

7

JA

7

JB

Exit(Lathiabagicha Gate) Kendriya Vidyalaya

Academic Complex Workshop

Academic Complex Workshop

Academic Complex Lecture Hall Administration Computer Centre Hostels Hospital Guest House Sports Complex

Academic Complex Lecture Hall Administration Computer Centre Hostels Hospital Guest House Sports Complex

Exit(Lathiabagicha Gate) Kendriya Vidyalaya

Exit(Lathiabagicha Gate) Kendriya Vidyalaya

Academic Complex Lecture Hall Administration Computer Centre Hostels Hospital Guest House Sports Complex

JB

Junction ‘7J’ is actually in the vicinity of the institutional area and now there are two divisions to proceed. The Academic complex is surrounded by the road from all sides and the area covered by the academic complex is quite large and the departments are located at the different areas so the layout of the academic complex must be displayed at this junction to provide the general information about the departments to visitor or the users.

The directions given for the rest of the areas and for this area would be a little different as this junction would also comprise the layout plan of academic complex and where to go and park according to the vicinity of the destination in the academic complex.

SIGN BOARD

Figure 9.6.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

91

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

8J

8

JA

Intersection Junction T Type

SIGN BOARD

8

JA

Academic Complex Administration (Bank/ATM) Auditorium Guest House Hostels Sports Complex Residences Hospital Technology Complex Market Complex Community Halls

Buildings in proximity: Kendriya Vidyalaya, Railway Reservation Counter

Academic Complex Workshop Kendriya Vidyalaya Post Office Reservation Counter

Junction ‘8J’ is the first one after entering into the IITG campus through the Lathibagicha Entrance gate and it shall provide all the building names and directions pertaining to it. It should also convey the message that the rest of the signboards at the junctions are placed in the same fashion as seen here, this is an attempt to create a standard for the layout and the placement of the signboards at the junctions as explained earlier in this part of the chapter.

Just after entering through the gate there will be only one signboard displaying the directions for the buildings.

Exit (Lathibagicha Gate) Hospital Kendriya Vidyalaya Post Office Reservation Counter Exit (Faculty Gate) Academic Complex Workshop

Figure 9.6.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

92

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

9

9

JA

9J

Intersection Junction Y Type

Buildings in proximity: Siang Hostel, Kapili Hostel, Bus Stop 4

JB

Junction ‘9J’ is the one which is near to the water body and as discussed earlier that the water bodies actually contribute in as the appreciating ground. Because of these water bodies we can actually look beyond them and could see the buildings and the features built. This can be utilised as in for the personal identification of the buildings from a single point to the buildings seen across the water bodies.

SIGN BOARD

9

SIGN BOARD

JA

9

JB

Sports Complex Residential Area Guest House Hospital Married Scholars hostelSubhansiri (Girls Hostel)

Sports Complex Residential Area Guest House Hospital Hostels

Exit (Lathiabagicha Gate) Post Office Reservation Counter KV IITG Hostels Kapili Manas Umiam Barak Dihing Kameng

Institutional Area

Exit (Lathiabagicha Gate) Post Office Reservation Counter KV IITG

Exit (Lathiabagicha Gate) Post Office Reservation Counter KV IITG

Institutional Area

Institutional Area

Hostels Kapili Umiam Dihing

Hostels Kapili Umiam Dihing

Manas Barak Kameng

Manas Barak Kameng

Figure 9.6.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

93

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

10

10

JB

JA

10J

Intersection Junction T Type

Buildings in proximity: Swimming Pool, Married Scholar’s Hostel, Sports Complex, Community Hall, Bus Stop 6

Junction ‘10J’ is in such position that it is in middle of the sports complex and the swimming pool. This information is quite critical because in general the swimming pool is to be located in the site if sports complex, but in this situation the pool is in different location and this information is to be broken down so as it can facilitate the visitors and the users to decode it without any confusion.

SIGN BOARD

10

JA

SIGN BOARD

10

JB

Married Scholars Hostel Hospital Guest House Married Scholars Hostel Hospital Guest House

Sports Complex Institutional Area Banks / ATM Guest House Residences Market Complex

Hostel(Boys) Technology Complex Community Hall(Students) Post Ofice Exit ( Faculty Gate ) Sports Complex Institutional Area Banks / ATM KV IITG Reservation Counter Residences Market Complex

Hostel(Boys) Technology Complex Community Hall(Students) Post Office

Hostel(Boys) Technology Complex Post Office Exit ( Faculty Gate )

Married Scholars Hostel Hospital Guest House

Figure 9.7.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

94

Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

11

JA

11J

11

JB

Intersection Junction T Type

Buildings in proximity: Swimming Pool, Hostel( Kameng , Barak, Manas, Dihing), Community Hall, Bus Stop 6

Now that it is clear that the information produced must not create visual clutter and repetitions as this leads to fatigue and this creates ambiguity among the visitors and the users. The placement of the directional arrows must also be done in such manner that it does not create any problem and must not mislead the visitors and the users.

This means that the modular approach which was guiding the placement of the signboards is not to be followed. Instead the placement will now depend upon the individual junctions and the roads meeting the junctions. The consideration will be depending upon the micro level condition of the junction and the buildings in the vicinity of that junction.

SIGN BOARD

11

JA

SIGN BOARD

11

JB

Sports Complex Academic Complex Administration Hospital Married Scholars Hostel Sports Complex Industrial Area Banks / ATM Hospital Guest House Residences Market Complex

Hostels (Boys) Barak Umiam Manas Dihing Kapili Community Hall(Student) Post Office Exit (Faculty Gate) KV IITG

Technology Complex Kameng Hostels (Boys) Barak Umiam Manas Dihing Kapili Community Hall(Student) Post Office Exit (Faculty Gate) KV IITG

Sports Complex Industrial Area Banks / ATM Hospital Guest House Residences Market Complex

Technology Complex Kameng

Technology Complex Kameng

Figure 9.7.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

95

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

12

JA

12J

Intersection Junction Y Type

SIGN BOARD

12

JA

Hostels Sports Complex Hospital Guest House Technology Complex Institutional Area (Bank/ATM) Residences Market Complex

Buildings in proximity: Entrance Gate 4, Post Office

Kendriya Vidyalaya Reservation Counter Academic Complex

Junction ‘12J’ is the first one after entering into the IITG campus through the Faculty Entrance gate and it shall provide all the building names and directions pertaining to it. It should also convey the message that the rest of the signboards at the junctions are placed in the same fashion as seen here, this is an attempt to create a standard for the layout and the placement of the signboards at the junctions as explained earlier in this part of the chapter.

Just after entering through the gate there will be only one signboard displaying the directions for the buildings.

Post Office Exit (Faculty Gate) Kendriya Vidyalaya Reservation Counter Academic Complex

Figure 9.7.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

96

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

13J

Intersection Junction L Type

SIGN BOARD

13

JA

Technology Complex

13

JA

Buildings in proximity: Transit Complex, Bus Stop 7

Hostels Sports Complex Institutional Area (Bank/ATM) Community Hall(Student) Post Office Exit (Faculty Gate) Technology Complex

Exit (ASEB Gate) Married Scholars Hostel Aakshara Hospital Guest House Residences Community Hall (Staff)

This is a very unique condition as there are no diversions in this junction ‘13J’ , still there is signboard provided here. This has been done for the purpose of assisting the visitors and the users in finding their directions and providing them extra confidence. The other reason for providing the signboard here is that when the users or the visitors come out from the Technology complex, they would not have to panic for the directions, so its present there for the service.

Figure 9.7.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

97

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

14

JA

14

14J

Intersection Junction T Type

Buildings in proximity: Entrance Gate 2 (ASEB), Akshara, Hospital, Married Scholar’s Hostel

JB

Junction ‘14J’ is the first one after entering into the IITG campus through the ASEB Entrance Gate and it shall provide all the building names and directions, pertaining to it. It should also convey the message that the rest of the signboards at the junctions are placed in the same fashion as seen here, this is an attempt to create a standard for the layout and the placement of the signboards at the junctions.

SIGN BOARD

14

JA

SIGN BOARD

14

JB

Technology Complex Hostels Community Hall(Student) Post Office Exit (ASEB Gate) Technology Complex Hostels Sports Complex Institutional Area (Bank/ATM)

Aakshara Married Scholars Hostel Hospital Guest House Sports Complex Institutional Area (Bank/ATM) Residences Community Hall (Staff) Market Complex Kendriya Vidyalaya Reservation Counter

Technology Complex Hostels

Exit (ASEB Gate)

Married Scholars Hostel Hospital Guest House Sports Complex Institutional Area (Bank/ATM) Residences Community Hall (Staff) Market Complex Kendriya Vidyalaya Reservation Counter

Married Scholars Hostel Hospital Guest House Sports Complex Institutional Area (Bank/ATM) Residences Community Hall (Staff) Market Complex Kendriya Vidyalaya Reservation Counter

Figure 9.7.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

98

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

15J

15

Intersection Junction T Type

Buildings in proximity: Married Scholar’s Hostel, Hospital, Bus Stop 8

JA

15

JB

After arriving at the junction ‘15J’ we are actually near to the entrance of the Married Scholars Hostel but it is important for the visitors to recognise that the Married Scholars Hostel has been arrived so special provisions for the identification of the building must be formulated under the provision of personal identification of the buildings and the services.

The directions for the Exits must also be provided here as this leads to the hospital and people may go to the exits of their desired destinations, so all exits must be listed at the junction.

SIGN BOARD

15

JA

SIGN BOARD

15

JB

Hospital Guest House Residences Community Hall (Staff) Market Complex Hostels Sports Complex Institutional Area Banks / ATM KV IITG Reservation Counter Post Office Hospital Guest House Residences Community Hall (Staff) Market Complex

Exit (ASEB Gate) Aakshara Technology Complex

Exit (ASEB Gate) Aakshara Technology Complex

Exit (ASEB Gate) Aakshara Technology Complex

Hostels Sports Complex Institutional Area Banks / ATM KV IITG Reservation Counter Post Office

Hostels Sports Complex Institutional Area Banks / ATM KV IITG Reservation Counter Post Office

Figure 9.7.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

System

for

IIT

Guwahati

99

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

16

16J

JA 16 16

JB

Intersection Junction Y Type

SIGN BOARD

16

JA

Junction ‘16J’ is the one which is near to the water body and as discussed earlier that the water bodies actually contribute in as the appreciating ground. Because of these water bodies we can actually look beyond them and could see the buildings and the features built. This can be utilised as in for the personal identification of the buildings from a single point to the buildings seen across the water bodies.

The directions for the Exits must also be provided here as this leads to the hospital and people may go to the exits of their desired destinations, so all exits must be listed at the junction.

16

JB

SIGN BOARD

16

JC

Residences(A, B, C) Community Hall (Staff)

Hospital Married Scholars Hostel Hostel Technology Complex Community Hall (Student) Post Office Exit(ASEB & Faculty Gate)

Residences (D, E, F) Institutional Area Sports Complex Exit( Main Gate) Market Complex

Hospital Married Scholars Hostel Hostels Technology Complex Community Hall (Student) Post Office Exit(ASEB & Faculty Gate)

Residences (D, E, F) Institutional Area Sports Complex Exit( Main Gate) Market Complex

Residences(A, B, C) Community Hall (Staff)

Hospital Married Scholars Hostel Hostels Technology Complex Community Hall (Student) Post Office Exit(ASEB & Faculty Gate)

Residences (D, E, F) Institutional Area Sports Complex Exit( Main Gate) Market Complex

Hospital Married Scholars Hostel Hostels Technology Complex Community Hall (Student) Post Office Exit(ASEB & Faculty Gate)

Residences(A, B, C) Community Hall (Staff)

Residences(A, B, C) Community Hall (Staff)

Residences(A, B, C) Community Hall (Staff)

Buildings in proximity: Housing Area [ A, B, F ], Hospital, Guest House, Bus Stop 8 & 10

JC

SIGN BOARD

Figure 9.7.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

17

17J

Intersection Junction T Type

Buildings in proximity: Housing Area [ A, B, C, D, F ], Hospital, Guest House, Bus Stop 11 & 12

JA

17

JB

The most difficult part for me to interpret was the housing area of the campus as because it was very complex due to its numbering system and placement in the campus. The complexity can be achieved by providing an extra area map at the same time or in the area of the group of the buildings.

Junction ‘17J’ is the one which is near to the water body and as discussed earlier that the water bodies actually contribute in as the appreciating ground. Because of these water bodies we can actually look beyond them and could see the buildings and the features built. This can be utilised as in for the personal identification of the buildings from a single point to the buildings seen across the water bodies.

SIGN BOARD

17

JA

SIGN BOARD

17

JB

Residences (C, B, A) Community Hall (Staff)

Exit (Main Gate) Market Complex Residences D & E

Guest House Hospital Technology Complex Residence F Sports Complex Hostels Community Hall (Student) Institutional Area Post Office Exit(ASEB & Faculty Gate) KV IITG Reservation Counter

Residences (C, B, A) Community Hall (Staff)

Exit (Main Gate) Market Complex Residences D & E

Exit (Main Gate) Market Complex Residences D & E

Guest House Hospital Technology Complex Residence F Sports Complex Hostels Community Hall (Student) Institutional Area Post Office Exit(ASEB & Faculty Gate) KV IITG Reservation Counter

Guest House Hospital Technology Complex Residence F Sports Complex Hostels Community Hall (Student) Institutional Area Post Office Exit(ASEB & Faculty Gate) KV IITG Reservation Counter

Figure 9.7.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD JUNCTION

18J

18

JA 18

18

JB

Intersection Junction Y Type

Buildings in proximity: Housing Area [ F ], Guest House, Subhansiri, Bus Stop 9

JC

Junction ‘18J’ is the one which is near to the water body and as discussed earlier that the water bodies actually contribute in as the appreciating ground. Because of these water bodies we can actually look beyond them and could see the buildings and the features built. This can be utilised as in for the personal identification of the buildings from a single point to the buildings seen across the water bodies.

The most difficult part for me to interpret was the housing area of the campus as because it was very complex due to its numbering system and placement in the campus. The complexity can be achieved by providing an extra area map at the same time or in the area of the group of the buildings.

SIGN BOARD

18

JA

SIGN BOARD

18

JB

SIGN BOARD

18

JC

Hospital Married Scholars Hostel Technology Complex Aakshara Exit (ASEB)

Residences Exit (Main Gate) Market Complex

Residences (C, D, E) Market Complex Exit (Main Gate)

Institutional Area Banks / ATM Guest House Hostels Sports Complex Residences (F) Community Hall (Student) Post Office Kendriya Vidyalaya Reservation Counter Exit (Lathiabagicha Gate)

Institutional Area Banks / ATM Guest House Hostels Sports Complex Residences (F) Community Hall (Student) Post Office Kendriya Vidyalaya Reservation Counter Exit (Lathiabagicha Gate)

Residences (A, B) Community Hall (Staff) Married Scholars Hostel Hospital Technology Complex Aakshara Exit (ASEB)

Institutional Area Banks / ATM Guest House Hostels Sports Complex Residences (F) Community Hall (Student) Post Office Kendriya Vidyalaya Reservation Counter Exit (Lathiabagicha Gate)

Residences (A, B) Community Hall (Staff) Married Scholars Hostel Hospital Technology Complex Aakshara Exit (ASEB)

Institutional Area Banks / ATM Guest House Hostels Sports Complex Residences (F) Community Hall (Student) Post Office Kendriya Vidyalaya Reservation Counter Exit (Lathiabagicha Gate)

Residences Exit (Main Gate) Market Complex

Residences Exit (Main Gate) Market Complex

Married Scholars Hostel Hospital Technology Complex Aakshara Exit (ASEB)

Figure 9.7.11 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.6

LAYOUT & PLACEMENT of SIGN BOARD So, some ideas about the placement of the signboards are clear and a brief can be made from it, - the signboards must create a point of interest.

- must not mislead or create confusion at any point .

- give a complete idea of the buildings and the features built .

- the layout created must be visually balanced and clear.

SIANG

KAPILI

There were lots of ideas to be implemented for the representation of the distance of the buildings, but this would not help the visitors or the users as the campus is just an institutional one and there is no provision for the public transport within the campus, so itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pointless to give the distance along the buildings A new system for the personal identification for the building has been formulated and conceptualised.

Figure 9.7.12 The illustration of the concept for the identification of the buildings across the lake

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.7

>>

PLACEMENT of MAPS Towards NH - 31

River Ghoramara

 MAP



R6

D50-102 02 2

R7

MAP

 

  MAP 

G1

(Main Gate) e))



M1 MAP





MAP

R1

MAP

Map of the precinct area (R)10

MAP

Maps of the building complex in detail (B)7

G2(ASEB)

MAP

MAP

R4

 

   

E1 R3E1-24  

B6

MAP

 MAP

M10

M9



MAP

MAP

M11

MAP





 

D 9 D1D1-49 

MAP

R2

Map of the campus (M)11

R5 B7



E 25-60 0

MAP





M2



MAP MAP

R8 M8

D103-132 32 2

MAP

er G Riv

SAC



horamara

   

M3

Cricket Ground

 MAP

MAP

 

 

B5 B4

 

MAP

MAP



  



 

R9 MAP

MAP



R10

MAP

B1 M4

MAP

M7

B2

G4(Faculty Faculty Gate)

MAP

M6

M5B3

MAP MAP

MAP

G G3

ra ma ora

(Lathia Bagicha a Gate))

<< Towards Amingaon g

Towards t 2.5 km >> ha Ferry G r Gh Rive



There should be various types of maps placed in the campus as per the requirement. The placement has also been decided on the basis of interview with the visitors.

The (M)s are placed at the entrance of the campus and the parking areas and near to the areas where the visitors generally go, for example Hospital, Guest House, Technology Complex, Institutional Area.

The (R)s are placed at the area where the question arises, “Which building to enter ?” Thus these are restricted to housing areas as all buildings look same and it is very difficult for a visitor to decode the address and find the flat.

The (B)s are placed where the people would like to know whether where the destination is located or in which part of the building the destination is located? It provides detailed building plan with the layout. The placements of the B maps are located at Academic Complex, Administration Building, Hospital and Guest House.

River Bramhputraa

Figure 9.8.1 The illustration of the contents & placement of the signboards Signage

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.7

PLACEMENT of MAPS

Whether the location has been reached or not?

Which is the correct building to enter in?

Where is the entrance of the building?

Which floor or room to go ?

There are different ways of representing the maps and one which should be installed must be very clear in giving the information to the users and the visitors. The map for the precinct areas must be such that it should convey the information as soon as the users or the visitors come to that area.

-The first question which should be answered is whether what I am looking for has been arrived or not ?

-The next question is in which building to enter?

-Which floor and which room to go ?

All these questions involved here must be answered by the map provided at that place for that particular area. The next question arises is what should be the contents of the map for the precinct areas and how it should be represented? The representation for this area must very simple and clear to interpret, from the users and the visitors point of view.

The decision for the contents and the representation of the map depends on the area of that place and the type of the buildings in that area, example: Institutional area or Housing area or Hostel area.

Figure 9.8.2 Questions involved after reaching the precinct area

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.7

PLACEMENT of MAPS

MAP MAP

The contents in the map must comprise of the detailed note of the building and the rooms or the services associated with that building in the precinct area.

The representation of the map must either be a 2d map or 3d map of the precinct area for the users to give an overall view or idea of the area. But the question arises whether which type of representation would be more effective for the users to interpret.

The 2d representation can be either in plan or in elevation and which one would be better for the situation or the representation could be both the mixture of the 2d and 3d map giving the layout.

The figure here represents an illustration of the area where the layout of the road is shown in the plan and the buildings in the elevation so that the floor and rooms can be located, but in this case the limitation is that the number of the rooms must not be more than two per floor otherwise it would not be able to serve the purpose. In the other cases where there are more rooms and services in a floor, different type of representation would be required for the layout.

In the representation it is also quite important to indicate the entrance of the buildings as generally people know there location but canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t find the way to the entrance.

Figure 9.8.3 Steps involved in reaching the destination

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.7

Deputy Director Finance Accounts Internal Audit

Public Relations Engineering Cell Training & Placement Despatch & Reception

Stores & Purchase Establishment Security Head

Academic Affairs JEE/ GATE Office Director Office Registrar Office Board Room Public Relations Engineering Cell Training & Placement Despatch & Reception

1st Floor 2nd Floor

Director Office Registrar Office Board Room

Ground Floor

Research & Development Students Affair

1st Floor 2nd Floor

Academic Affairs JEE/ GATE Office

Ground Floor

Ground Floor

1st Floor 2nd Floor

PLACEMENT of MAPS The representation of the buildings which have a complex shape and many rooms and services in a single floor cannot be represented in elevation so it would be better to represent those buildings in plan for the users to decode immediately and effectively.

In the case of the buildings the representation could not be done in 3d because analysing a 3d map of a complex structure would take more time in comparison to the 2d map of the built structure.

In the illustration shown beside it is quite clear about the location of the rooms and the services and in which area to go ie. which side of the building.

The placement of the maps are to be fixed at the entrance of the building so that the users could get a brief about the layout of the building.

Research & Development Students Affair Deputy Director Finance Accounts Internal Audit Stores & Purchase Establishment Security Head

Figure 9.8.4 Illustration of the map for the administration building floor wise

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.8

>>

PLACEMENT of Information Desk 

  D50-102 02 2

 

 



G G1

((Main Gate)

G2(ASEB)

i



 

D 9 D1D1-49



 





i

IIT Guwah Guwahati Map

River Ghoramara

Towards NH - 31



i



  

E1 E1-24



i





 E 25-60 0









D103-132 32 2



  er G Riv

i SAC

i



horamara

    

Cricket Ground

i

 

i  

 

i 

  

i



i i

G4(Faculty Faculty Gate) Towards t 2.5 km >> ha Ferry G r Gh Rive



i

i

i

ra ma ora

(Lathia Bagicha a Gate))

The information desk is the interactive part of the wayfinding system which gives the information to the users and the visitors.

The series of interactive information desks actually forms a solution as a key component for the wayfinding in the IITG campus by providing the information. The placement of these desks is fixed at the entrances and the buildings which are used quite often by the visitors.

People generally find their way to their destinations. When they come in the campus and their mission is achieved or they plan for the next mission then the problem starts because they do not have any clue where to go because a wrong start would make their journey tiresome or lengthy, so these desks are to assist them to plan their action for their journey to be continued.

The locations of these information desks are generally at the entrance of the buildings to assist the users and the visitors of the campus. These information desks are capable of guiding the visitors to find their location and plan their journey from any place within the campus.

The contents of the information desk are derived from different methods of interaction design.(discussed in later chapter)

G G3

<< Towards Amingaon g

River Bramhputraa

Figure 9.8.5 The illustration of the placement of the information desks Signage

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.9

FORM According to me form is what makes the design. Form can be seen in colour, in culture, in identity, in usability & at last visually. It is the overall composition which makes sense because if we rearrange the features of the composition it would mean something different and could be out of context. Just for example take the word ‘DOG’, if we rearrange in backwards it would spell ‘GOD’ which conveys a different meaning.

So in design we give shape and structure to the material to fit in the situation and satisfy the contextual requirement. The form of a product usually reveals the intellectual, practical and emotional characteristics and the relationship between them. “Form follows function” used to be the key behind designing, but now a days we have to focus on different aspects also like emotions, fun, and experience. A form has got power in itself to change the way we think and behave.

Coming to the situation of wayfinding in IITG campus, form of the conceptualised solution can be categorised in different areas. This chapter deals with, how the form is related to the brand, symbolic meaning and the usage of the product.

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.1

SEMANTIC Approach

Figure 9.9.1 The figure here shows the evolution of an emoticon.

There can be various other possibilities and this evolution of the form is based on the set of five questions

The focus is on analysing the components of the problem, semiotically and syntactically, by forming a framework & analysis matrix through content and signs, giving the priority to the signs in terms of their semantic weightage. For this, different adjectives for the wayfinding system must be derived. The product used in any environment must express its purpose and should have a relation with the environment in the sense of form.

This can start with a set of questions : -What should the form look like?

-How the product should be identified?

-Should the product have any brand?

-Does the product have any kind of expression?

-Are there things available in nature from which we can derive for the representation of the character?

Denotation and Connotation are two basic concepts in semiotics that are very useful. Denotation refers to the literal, actual meaning of a sign -what the product is, i.e. a chair, a telephone. To Denotation I also add the obvious function of an object: How to handle it. We sit on the chair, use the telephone for making phone calls etc. recognizing what it is and how to handle it can be very difficult. This is also the domain where most product semiotics dwells, unambiguous and easy to use, clearly communicating their function. Preferably without any manual to use.

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.1

SEMANTIC Approach multilinguistic

helpful in nature

directing confident

simple or complex

bold soft or hard

serious

unique

smiling and charming communicable

attractive

outstanding

small or large

sharp or smooth

welcoming in nature easy

technology serious or funny

dark or light

intellectual

Now the questions should be answered accordingly, to reach to the solution. For getting to the solution there are various options which can be tried individually and in a combination. The goal is to get the form and for that, having a brief idea of the qualities or characteristics is explored. Thus a list of adjectives or qualities are to be noted which can be implemented in the product to bring out the basic meaning out of the form.

After the listings of the adjective are done, it is important to establish a relationship between these qualities or the properties of the product. There are some of the qualities which can change the whole aspect of the appearance if misinterpreted so it is necessary to establish the relationship with the help of the semiotics.

The basic concept of semiotics can be explored here in the hierarchy of the meanings “SYMBOL > INDEX > ICON > SIGN” Generally this is done in reversible process to analyse things but here the proces is done in opposite direction just to understand the situation in more simple and organised manner. Now when the codes will be elaborated and interpreted, many meanings would either get shortlisted or be compiled under one sign.

Figure 9.9.2 qualities and adjectives to be shown in the product

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.1

SEMANTIC Approach Talking about the brand we need to be clear about what we want to explore in this area, because it is really a vast area and identified? people from different domain handles this differently. Being a Confident, Unique, Serious, Bold, Helpful in nature, Mulilinguistic, design student I would like to be focused in exploring the different Attractive, Outstanding, Simple, Communicable, Welcoming in possibilities to represent the brand in the form of the product. One Intellectual nature, thing is very clear that brand does not have expiration dates like trademark or IPR, it remains in the mind and heart of the people Does the product have any kind Should the product have who have used or heard about it.

What should the form look like?

How the product should be

of expression?

any brand?

Easy going, Directing, Confident, Yes / No Serious, Simple, Smiling

When we talk about imitating nature it means how do we interact with nature to get the directions or messages, so the first thing which comes to me is the sun, by the position of which we get the idea of directions and the next thing is sky which gives the clue about the weather and a brief outline of the whole day.

Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s not just the sky from which inspirations can be taken from but there are lot more things from which we get information or they convey their messages. For example a butterfly, a dancing peacock and petals of the flowers, these all have messages to convey to others. If we start finding the pattern we can get many hidden clues in the nature itself, but it is very difficult to break it because nature follows the pattern of randomness.

Figure 9.9.3

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.1

SEMANTIC Approach Are there things available in nature from which we can derive

Syntactics/Syntax

Pragmatics intention

for the representation of the character?

visual formal modes

(influencing the receiver)

FORM

imperative will, duty

dimension dot, line,flat surface, body, space

suggestive feelings

quality round, angular, regular, irregular, free

indicative information, knowledge

quantity large, small demarcation empty, fully or partially filled, open form, closed form,clear contours, blurred contours realization structured, sketchy, firm, fuzzy, fragmented, free BRIGHTNESS

all depends upon the:

COLOUR

degree of abstraction & degree of iconity

MOVEMENT MATERIAL

Figure 9.9.5

Figure 9.9.4

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.2

studying the BRAND Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Motto: "Knowledge is Power" Type: Education and Research Institute Red (Power), Blue (Peace), Yellow (Perseverance)

Figure 9.9.6

Here we do not have to create a brand but rather maintain it. We have to capture the essence and that could be any odd or unique feature, ranging from the place of origin or lineage or quality or value or colour or form or ........anything....but necessarily be a fact.

Attribute

: Education and Research Institute, after getting through JEE and GATE

Benefit

: Respectful, Valued, Position, Intellectual

Culture

: Pride of India, Success, Growth

Personality

: Leadership, Entrepreneurship

Profile

: High profile job, Honoured in society

Meta Meaning : NGOâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s, Companies, Enterprises

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.2

studying the BRAND Deriving the components or features to represent the brand can be done through the study of the culture and behaviour and architectural forms and natural conditions and location and service and people associated with the institute. Students strive to get admission into IIT, they come here with high aspiration and a dream to fulfill. People here are quite knowledgeable yet very noble and humble, the facilities and services provided here are of international standards, not to mention the architecture of the campus and the scenic beauty surrounding it.

Thus it is quite difficult to enlist these in words and it would be easier to represent it in the form of images and then abstraction can be done through that. The features which are the most common in the architectural style can be explored or the abstract of the water lakes in the campus can be exploited. There can be any possibility of abstraction and in any style.

Figure 9.9.7

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.3

Extraction of ABSTRACT

Figure 9.9.7 Extraction of the elements

Abstract art uses a visual language of form, color and line to create a composition which may exist with a degree of independence from visual references in the world. Abstraction indicates a departure from reality in depiction of imagery in art.

This departure from accurate representation can be only slight, or it can be partial, or it can be complete. Abstraction exists along a continuum. Even art that aims for verisimilitude of the highest degree can be said to be abstract, at least theoretically, since perfect representation is likely to be exceedingly elusive. Artwork which takes liberties, altering for instance color and form in ways that are conspicuous, can be said to be partially abstract. Total abstraction bears no trace of any reference to anything recognizable. In geometric abstraction, for instance, one is unlikely to find references to naturalistic entities. Figurative art and total abstraction are almost mutually exclusive. But figurative and representational (or realistic) art often contains partial abstraction.(source: wikipedia.org) When we talk about the abstract it generally means anything which give essence or reference. So abstract can be captured not only through the visuals but anything. An attempt has been made here to capture the abstract of the built architecture and the logo of IITG.In nature there is randomness but we think in pattern so the abstract extracted is actually is not random, instead there is some pattern.

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.4

FORM exploration  

  

 

   

 

Figure 9.9.8 Form Exploration 1

Figure 9.9.9 Form Exploration 2 Signage

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.4

FORM exploration

Figure 9.9.10 Form Exploration 3

Figure 9.9.11 Form Exploration 4 Signage

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.4

FORM exploration

Figure 9.9.12 Form Exploration 5 Signage

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9.9.4

FORM exploration

Figure 9.9.13 Form Exploration 6 Signage

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.4

FORM exploration

Figure 9.9.14 Form Exploration 7 Signage

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9.9.4

FORM exploration

Figure 9.9.15 Form Exploration 8 Signage

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MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.4

FORM exploration

space for map

Hostels Sports Complex Hospital Guest House Technology Complex Institutional Area (Bank/ATM) Residences Market Complex

Kendriya Vidyalaya Reservation Counter Academic Complex

all dimensions are in mm

Front Elevation

i

Directional signs Interactive screen

60

Side Elevation

Isometric View

Figure 9.9.16 Form Exploration 9 Signage

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.4

FORM exploration

Figure 9.9.16 Form Exploration 10 Signage

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.9.4

FORM exploration

Figure 9.9.16 Form Exploration 11 Signage

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MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10

SYSTEM Approach The aim of this approach is to design a GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE for the IITG campus which is to be installed in the Information desk. The aim for this is to make the interaction of the interface user friendly and less time consuming, for giving the guidance to the visitors.

The basic concept is to guide the visitor to the destination, and that destinationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s guiding factor need not be any place, rather it can be any person or any event or occasion.Now to solve this problem we need to follow the system analysis approach which would guide through. For this we need to generate object, class, Use case diagrams and combine them in different arrangements.

-Listing of the problems -Grouping up the problem areas -Persona and Scenario generation -Defining the use cases -Use Case Diagrams -Defining the Class -Defining the Components -Creating Sequence Diagrams -Wireframe Diagrams -Graphic User Interface

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MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10

SYSTEM Analysis & Design PURPOSE of VISIT Admission Guest Work Emergency Hospital Alcheringa Manthan Techniche Seminars Counseling Departments Library Computer Centre Auditorium Lecture Hall Workshop Hostels Residences Tech. Complex Hill Top Shopping Complex

Lectures Training Project Paper Presentation Placement Shows Gathering ATM Bank Administration Director HOD Professors Students Relatives Supporting Staffs Courier Emergency Services Ambulance Fire Brigade Personal

Post Office Reservation Counter School Sports Competition Examination Interview Alumni Servicing Delivery Events Occasions Festivals Programmes Spic Macay Extra Class Internship Research Exhibitions Site Seeing Study Servicing

Now the time of the decision comes, where we need to decide whether which type of approach is to be followed: Traditional approach or Object Oriented approach. As per the situation it is better to employ the Object Oriented approach of the UML (Unified Modeling Language). For this approach to be initiated we require to collect other various information and data, such as Events, Class Diagram, Use Cases and Scenario Description, Use Cases Diagram, Sequence Diagrams and Wireframe Model.

The analysis starts with the listing of the difficulties and the problems. Generally in wayfinding, people find it difficult to respond to the new environment and the other problem is language, as in IIT people come here from different countries.

Then the Purpose will be defined and then grouped into different categories.

GROUPING of the PURPOSE Attend an EVENT

Visit a PLACE

Meet a PERSON

Admission, Festivals, Interview, Occasions, Examinations,Shows, Presentations, Work, Others............

Buildings, Services, Complexes, Departments, Residences, Others............

Professors, Students, Relatives and Others.......

Figure 9.10.1 Signage

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10

SYSTEM Analysis & Design OBJECT DIAGRAM



Whom to meet?

Student

CLASS Name Designation Department Phone number Address

Mr. ABC Sex (M/F) or Photograph Lecturer, Assistant, Associate, Professor...

Chemical, Civil, Mechanical,...........

0361- xxxxxxx(O), 0361- xxxxxxx(R), Office , Residence

V a l u e s

V a l u e s

Faculty CLASS Name Unique ID Qualification Year Department Phone number

Mr. XYZ Sex (M/F) or Photograph Roll no.

B.Tech, Mtech, Phd, Msc,.......

1st , 2nd, 3rd, 4th year Chemical, Civil, Mechanical,...........

0361- xxxxxxx

CLASS Name Designation Section Phone number Address

Mr. DEF Sex (M/F) or Photograph Project, Supporting, Others Office, Department, Section 0361- xxxxxxx(O), 0361- xxxxxxx(R), Office , Residence

Administrative V a l u e s

V a l u e s

Non Teaching CLASS Name Designation Section Phone number Address

Mr. PQR Sex (M/F) or Photograph Director, DEAN(Academic, Admin, Students), Others Accounts,Academics,Placements, Others 0361- xxxxxxx(O), Office ,

Figure 9.10.2 OBJECT DIAGRAM for Person

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.10

SYSTEM Analysis & Design 

What would you like to do?

Entertainment CLASS Spic Macay, Exhibitions, Shows, Alcheringa, Manthan, Techniche Sports

Others

Admission CLASS Counseling, Examination, Interview

V a l u e s

Emergency CLASS Ambulance : Hospital Emergency : Security Office

V a l u e s

Education

V a l u e s

Where to go? OBJECT DIAGRAM Services CLASS CLASS Internship, Market Complex, Hospital, Restaurant, Canteen, ATM, Lectures, Bank, Post Office, Sports Research, Complex, Reservation CounPapers, ter, Kendriya Vidyalaya, Presentations Community Hall, Technology Complex, Swimming Pool, Auditorium,

V a l u e s

V a l u e s

V a l u e s

Residential Area CLASS Quarters : Type A, B, C, D, E ,F Hostels : Subhansiri, Siang, Kapili, Dihing, Manas, Kameng, Barak, Umiam Guest House

V a l u e s



OBJECT DIAGRAM Institutional Area CLASS Academic Complex Administartion Lecture Hall Workshop Library Computer Centre Auditorium

V a l u e s

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

CLASS Official, Placement, Convocation

Figure 9.10.3 OBJECT DIAGRAM for places and events

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10.1

USE CASE Diagrams Where to go?

Whom to meet?

Event to attend.

Specify the language

Specify the language

Specify the language

Select the category Select the category

Select the category Visitor Visitor

Select the destination building Database View the route to reach the destination

View the alternate routes

Enter the Name,Department, Centre,Office,Section, Designation whatever known

Database Visitor

View the details of the person with Photograph

Enter the activities Event wise ie.Fests,Conference,Interview, Admission,Placements

Database

Select the subcategories

Selet the Person and view the routes to reach him

View the latest details about the Event ie.

Venue ,time,etc,.

View the alternate/ residence routes

View the routes to reach the venue

Repeat the information

Exit(Optional)

Repeat the information

Repeat the information

Exit(Optional)

Exit(Optional)

Figure 9.10.4 USE CASE DIAGRAM: The relation between the actor and the operations.

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10.2

SEQUENCE Diagram Purpose selection screen

Welcome Screen

Select the Language

Input Entry Screen/Destinat-ion selections

get screen in the language chosen

Name/Department/ Designation

Display of Purpose selection screen in language chosen Select category

Route display screen

get the Entities of selected category

Building/centre section/ Department Activities/Events

Display Entities of the selected category

Enter the required input and/or select the destination

get the route

Repeat

Display of the routes for the selected destination

Figure 9.10.5 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM : sequence of interactions between the user and system

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10.3

Persona and Scenario Mr. Dev Kalita is 33 year old Assamese Business man from Shillong who has many of friends and relatives living in Guwahati.

A few days back when he was returning from a marriage ceremony from Rangiya to Shillong with his family, his wife reminded him of her maternal uncle who was a faculty at IIT Guwahati.

Her uncle had urged them many times to visit his place. So they decided to meet them while passing the nearby highway.

Unfortunately they did not have his contact number .In fact they also did not know his official name but his nick name.

They could only recall his title and his physical appearance & place he belonged to. They tried to explain it to the security and some of the resident faculties which they come across near the gate. But they were unable to get any positive reply and hence failed to find out the right person. So due insufficient knowledge and lack of a proper system to process their information, they were unable to meet their uncle and had to return from the IIT Gate.

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10.3

Persona and Scenario Arjit is a 18 year old engineering student who has come to IIT Guwahati for representing his college at the robotic competition in Tech fest. He got down at the Hostel which was informed during the registration confirmation.

After checking in at the hostel, he wanted to know about the exact time of event and the venue of the event that was scheduled the same day. But since the hostel was very far from the main hub where all events were going on and he did not have any idea about the exact venue and the time of the event, he has to carry all his equipments along with him. He just wanted to make sure that he does not miss the event if in case it was about to begin. When he reached the hub he came to know that the event was after 2 hours .So he has to roam around the place along with his equipment wait for two hours before the event began.

Mr. Das, a 40 year old proprietor had come all the way from Jalpaiguri to meet the Dean of Studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Affairs in connection to the company promotion at the Cultural fest of IIT Guwahati. When he asked the guard about the office he was given so many details about his office that it made him totally confused and he has to ask at least four people before he reached the dean of Students affairs.

Had he being given only the required information at required time, he would have reached the office quickly.

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

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9.10.4

Interpretation & Exploration

Wire frame Diagram

1

2

3

4

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.10.5

Graphic User Interface

Detailed illustration of GUI cont......

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MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10.5

Graphic User Interface Welcoming note

Welcome







Institute’s Logo

New events Information  

 

Language Selection

  

i



The GUI for the touch screen interface of the Information desk has been freezed after trying out various options in terms of the layout, composition and colours. The GUI has been designed according to the principles of the interaction design.

Ref [20] Here are the illustrations for the various options tried out for the GUI. The options are actually the explorations done in the various areas and a proper grid is also maintained. Since the platform of the interface would be working in the touch screen, the least and the most area for contact required for the interface has also been a factor for defineing the sizes of the icons and buttons.

Your Position How does it work?

Date & Time

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Interpretation & Exploration

9.10.5

Graphic User Interface   

  

  







 

i

     

ENGLISH E ENG NGLISH GLISH

 

i

   

ENGLISH S SH

Welcome

 

i





Aoh Ao ohéiç

   

 

ENGLISH E

Aohééi iç

Aohéiç

Fig. 9.10.6 Exploration of GUI

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10.5

Graphic User Interface Welcome

You are at the Faculty Gate.





 

 

Welcome

 



 

 



Welcome





 

You are at the Faculty Gate.



 ENGLISH

  

i

Welcome



You are at the Faculty Gate.





  

Aohéiç

i

Welcome

ENGLISH



  

A oh éi ç

i



You are at the Faculty Gate.





You are at the Faculty Gate.

 

 

  

i

 



 

  

i

 



Welcome

  





i

 

You are at the Faculty Gate.



Fig. 9.10.7 Exploration of GUI

Signage

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IIT

Guwahati

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Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10.5

FINAL GUI

1a First screen specifying the general informations - welcoming note - IITG logo - ‘i’ the working of the system - IIT map to semanticaly convey that the system provided here is for the help of wayfinding - You are Here position - news events - language selection keys (buttons)

1b Second part of first screen also conveys the same message as displayed in the first screen.

The second screen appears after the language selection as the scope of the information desk is to provide information in three languages.

In this screen the user gets a idea about his position in the campus and after touching the enter buttton on the screen it will lead to next page.

Fig. 9.10.8 FinalGUI

Signage

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IIT

Guwahati

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

9.10.5

Interpretation & Exploration

FINAL GUI

2

3a

3b

3c

The second page is actually where the users are given an opportunity to explore through the question asked to them according to their purpose of visit.

This screen leads to the next page according to the button touched or the question answered.

Fig. 9.10.8 FinalGUI

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10.5

FINAL GUI

3a

3b

3c

This third screen in the sequence appears when the user has selected from the options provided in the previous page. In this screeen the user needs to provide the data asked by the system to process, be it event, person or place.

Fig. 9.10.8 FinalGUI

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10.5

FINAL GUI

4a

4b

4c

After geting the data from the user the Information is displayed accordingly. Here the system gives the option for showing the route to the user.

Fig. 9.10.8 FinalGUI

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IIT

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.10.5

FINAL GUI

5a

5b

5c

The last page or the final page where the route is displayed with some general information about the destination. Clues like landmarks are also provided to help the users.

Fig. 9.10.8 Final GUI

Signage

System

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IIT

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143

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.11

SUSTAINABILITY There is an urgency attached to sustainability. All of the world’s living systems are in rapid decline while the population continues to grow at a steady slope. Some people feel as though designers should not be held responsible for solving these issues, but if designers aren’t going to play a part, then who is?

SOCIAL

Bearable

Equitable

Sustainable ENVIRONMENT

ECONOMIC Visible

Sustainable DEVELOPMENT Figure 9.11.1

Sustainability represents nothing less than a fundamental shift in how business is conducted; we as designers need to recognize our potential role in this shift and seize the opportunity it presents, after all “good design comes from constraints.” Rather than looking at sustainability as a set of restrictions or as an impediment to good ideas, designers must embrace it as a source of inspiration and a challenge to be met. We need to take a proactive approach with the environment, development of power generation, building efficiency and engineering a sustainable approach to progress.

In this chapter, materials will be discussed for effective use in sustainability. What are the chances of exploiting the resources of the energy and manufacturing techniques to attain sustainability in local context?

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.11.1

Material, Process and Energy

MATERIAL

BAMBOO

Figure 9.11.2

ECO-FRIENDLY ENERGY TECHNIQUE

SOLAR

RAT TRAP BOND

Steel, cement, glass, aluminum, plastics, bricks, etc. are energy intensive materials, commonly used for building construction.

Generally these materials are transported over great distances.

Extensive use of these materials can drain the energy resources and adversely affect the environment. On the other hand, it is difficult to meet the ever-growing demand for buildings by adopting only energy-efficient traditional materials (like mud, thatch, timber, etc.) and construction methods. Hence, there is a need for optimum utilization of available energy resources and raw materials to produce simple, energy efficient, environment friendly and sustainable building alternatives and techniques to satisfy the increasing demand for buildings. Some of the guiding principles in developing the sustainable alternative building technologies can be summarized as follows: -Energy conservation; -Minimize the use of high energy materials; -Concern for environment, environment-friendly technologies; -Minimize transportation and maximize the use of local materials; -Decentralized production and maximum use of local skills; -Utilization of industrial wastes for the production of materials; -Recycling of building wastes; -Use of renewable energy sources;

Figure 9.11.3

Signage

System

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IIT

Guwahati

145

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.11.1

Material, Process and Energy Aluminium Copper - Cable Plastics - Polystyrene Glass -Clear Float Paint Steel - Reinforcement Ceramics - Porcelain Timber - Particleboard Timber - Oregon Clay Products - Bricks Timber - Hardwood

Building technologies manufactured by meeting these principles could become sustainable and facilitate sharing the resources especially energy resources more efficiently, causing minimum damage to the environment.

• Clear understanding of the sector-wise demand and growth of the Indian construction scenario.

• Estimating current building stock and the contribution of unorganised sector in manufacturing and supply of energy intensive building materials.

• Assessing the availability (region wise) of local resources, raw materials/traditional materials for developing and manufacture of building products.

• Developing alternative building technologies to meet the region specific needs/demands for buildings.

Plaster - Gypsum Fibreglass - Insulation

0

50

100

150

Concrete - 20MPa 200

Embodied Energy ( GJt-1 ) Figure 9.11.4

Scalar total of energy input required to produce the product

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.12

CONCEPT Generation Now that idea of signage system is clear, an attempt to generate the form of the design can be explored. The exploration would be on the basis of implementation of different ideas and thoughts. So the first concept generated during the pre-study phase when the project was just conceived was quite interesting.

In this chapter the discussion would be mainly focused on how the concept was generated and with some diagrams to explain the concept. Since the first concept generated was during the pre study phase so lot of things about the signage system was not clear. There has been a constant reforming of the ideas and thoughts during this phase.

The concepts generated would then be analysed and evaluated and the selected concept would go for the realization.

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IIT

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.12.1

CONCEPT 1 : Technology Driven STEP 1: Identification As soon as the visitor arrives to the entrance they are provided with an active token which is tagged according to the purpose of their visit, this token actually guides the users throughout in the campus

+

Security

Tokens

Entrance

Visitor

STEP 2: Synchronization The visitor having the token can now interact with the system and get his way and find directions, the token interacts with the system giving the visitors complete freedom

or

double Display

Visitor (tagged)

Resident Unique ID

STEP 3: Action The display unit has two screens, one is a touch screen and the other is the tagged sense screen so the visitors need not have to interact with the system manually while the residents have to interact manually

Resident Unique ID

Visitor (tagged)

The idea behind the first concept was to develop a system of navigation and communication in IIT Guwahati by exploiting the technologies such as radio frequency and blue tooth. The focus would be to solve all the problems related to the management & security system in the campus from a strategic location.

In this system the users are the residents and visitors of the campus, and each one gets an identity which act like a tag (either RFID or Bluetooth enabled chip). The residents in the campus will be having an active ID card while the people visiting the campus will be given a token. The token becomes the identity of the visitor in the campus and thus the visitor would be interacting with the system through that token.

There would be receivers of the signals which would engage the signal and provide the necessary information to the person having that particular tag (the tagging of the token is done at the entrance and tagged according to the purpose of their visit). The residents of the campus would be facilitating the service in terms of notices, messages, updated information, complaints and many other possible options. This system can be an example of information and network system, as the information displays at the same time and if any action is to be taken the operator operating from a strategic position does the necessary. The displays (interacting device) also have a camera for vigilance.

Figure 9.12.1

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System

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IIT

Guwahati

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.12.1

CONCEPT 1 : Technology Driven WORKING of the System as soon as the visitor arrives at the display no disturbance is caused for the former viewer

resident(unique ID) is interacting with the display

the signal delivered from the tagged visitor causes the screen to formulate and synchronize itself to show the information relevant for the visitor

The display system is provided with two screens, one for the visitors and other for the residents. The screen for the visitors is just for the purpose of viewing the messages while the other screen is for various applications. The people can get information from the database of the system and the system makes it sure that the information provided is an updated one.

For instance, if a student wants to meet the Dean of Academic Affairs, where should he go? Should he go to the department in which he is the professor or should he go to the administration?

As previously told that every resident has a unique ID (tagged or activated) so the question answered by the system would be the present location of the dean. This system can be implemented in the library also which would give an extra edge to the maintenance and up keeping of the library.

This concept has been evolved at the time of Pre study phase and thus it may be possible that the scope of work in this concept surpasses the signage system and moves into the management, so it would not necessarily be implemented.

the interaction still goes on without any disturbance with the approach of the tagged visitor

Figure 9.12.2

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System

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IIT

Guwahati

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.12.2

CONCEPT 2 : Colour Coding

divider

pedestrian

The illustration of the flower bed

zoom in view of the road and the pedestrian

The illustration of colour coded route

One of the most simple thing which humans can easily identify is the colour and based on this idea a concept has been generated which actually follows the relationship of spaces with the colours.

The idea is to use the system of colour coding in the campus to guide the people. If a person is heading for a place which is coded in blue colour then he/she has to follow that colour in order to reach his/her destination. The form of colour code can be any and can range from coloured roads, flower bed, boundaries, vegetation, lampposts, or any clue given etc.

The illustration shows the different ways of using colours in the system of wayfinding and there can be endless options for this concept. To make this system more effective we can add the textual messages with the colours.

Figure 9.12.4 Signage

System

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IIT

Guwahati

150

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.12.3

CONCEPT 3 : Think LOCAL

   



 

Front page and back page illustration of the admission form

When we talk about thinking local, the general idea is actually looking into the small matters in details and trying to resolve the problem. The whole signage system is analysed from the different perspective. The idea behind this concept is very simple and no change is required in the current system, instead new ideas must be implemented to make it into a more efficient and effective system.

People coming in the IITG campus comes here for a purpose and that purpose ranges from personal visit to official visit. They come here with some reference and those can be visiting card or admission letters or just an invitation or a casual visit. The official visit can be further broken down in different categories like Paper presentation Admission, Interview, Conferences, Counseling, etc.

So in this case we can actually exploit the References given to the people in the form of invitation letter, visiting cards, admission letters, Internship letters, and other form of the references. The basic idea is to give the clue or message about the campus in the letter itself to help the visitors in every possible way. The layout of these official letters can be altered or reformatted in order to exploit this idea. Thus the idea being very small but quite effective would help the visitors to develop their idea of the campus and its services.

Towards NH -

Figure 9.12.5 illustration of the admission letter sent to an applicant with the map of IITG campus and relevant notes.

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.12.3

CONCEPT 3 : Think LOCAL

The 1st image shows the illustration of the maps and the bus stops in the campus & it also indicates the proximity of the buildings from a particular stop for the easiness of the visitors.

The 2nd illustration shows the visual language and how people generate mental model about the campus by seeing the 3D scaled model of the campus at the gate.

The 3rd image is the bus stop where each stop has been given a specific/unique nomenclature and within the stops the maps are also provided for the visitors.

In this process if we exploit the contents and the display of the signboard at the entrances in such fashion that it would add to the experience of the visitors. The idea of providing a 3D model (scale 1:500) of IITG campus would be an effective way of representation for briefing the visitors and the enlisting of all the services at the entrances.

The people visit the campus through the public or private vehicles and through the IITG bus service. So if the map of the campus can be installed in the buses of IITG, it would also be quite helpful for the visitors to refer to the map and get down at their destinations within the campus.

The bus stops in the campus are not numbered and it would be quite interesting if they would be given an identity so that reference points can be derived from the stops for the different destinations.

The bus stops are one of the most prominent features used in the streetscape so if the layout of the campus is installed there it would serve the purpose effectively.

The concept of thinking small is actually inspired from our day to day life where we learn to solve the problems which we face.

Generally the solutions to these problems are not very big but they are effective and give satisfaction.

Figure 9.12.6

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System

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IIT

Guwahati

152

Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.12.4

CONCEPT 4 : based on Human BEHAVIOUR

movement

push

water game toy

turning plates to change colour on board for languages

element of surprise also creates point of interest

impact

the energy will be translated into appropriate movement / action and will be visible to the visitors when they approach the sign board

approx dist 25m

sectional view push mechanism

the energy can either be transferred mechanically or electrically or as required

We as human have a tendency for the shortcuts. We also admire different things which we see in our day to day life, and most importantly we tend to focus ourselves towards the object which outstands itself. The main problem with the signboards is that they are static & people generally tend to avoid the indications provided. For this purpose there is need to add some newness in the product (the newness can be in any form, be it the colour, material, form, sound, actions, technology, movement, lighting or in experience). The newness in the design can also be explored by exploiting the technologies. Therefore it is clear that the goal is to create something which has a point of interest. There are lots of examples to quote for the products based on the application of the point of interest. We can also use the principles Gestalts law for this concept.

A case can be taken where we would approach in a sustainable manner, using the principle of energy and would change one form into other. It can be better explained in the case of water game which all of us have played during our childhood. Based on this idea a system is proposed where the vehicles impact on the bump would be used to generate the mechanism which would lead into the movement of perpetual motion. The diagram shown here is an illustration of this example.

Figure 9.12.7

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IIT

Guwahati

153

Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.12.5

CONCEPT 5 : FINAL In design we have got freedom to explore things and itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s not necessary to follow any law or principle. In class we were taught to evaluate our concepts on the basis of different parameters, but what I feel is that it is one way of finalising and not necessarily be implemented in all the solutions. I think that if we look or analyse different concepts and extract the better attributes and features from them then the resultant concept would obviously better than all the proposed solutions. I am following this approach because according to me good ideas must not be overlooked due to some calculations based upon different parameters rather it must be made sure to implement those ideas for a better product to evolve.

So, the final proposed solution will be discussed in the next part of the chapter.

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.13.1

FINAL Concept The proposal for the signage system of IIT Guwahati Directional sign board Map of the Campus You are Here maps Signboard for building identificaton Information desk Layout of the Letter pad Installation of the maps in the buses and the bus stops 3d scaled model of the campus

The final concept is an amalgamation of all the previously created concepts. Following are the details of the final concept.

The main purpose of the signage system is to guide the visitors of the campus to their intended destinations, whatever may be the motive of their visit.

This include both type of people being intimated officially by institute through letter (eg. interview, admission, examination) or those coming to the campus without any official visit. If the person is invited to campus through the letter the back of the letter head can be used for providing the small map of the campus and important locations marked on it, to a new visitor before actually visiting the campus.

At the very entrance of the campus there would be a large map that displays all the buildings clearly along with the landmarks.

In addition to this there would be a scaled (1:500) 3D model to give a better understanding of terrain and location of various establishments.

If a person needs to have specific information about any location / person / event he can take the help that shows him the precise route to reach its destination. These help desks would be located at all the four entrances of IIT to assist the visitors for their specific queries.

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Deepak Kumar M.Desâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

MY

Interpretation & Exploration

9.13.1

FINAL Concept The person moves along the road either on foot or vehicle.

There would be sufficient number of signboards at proper intervals to ensure that one does not lose his way.

In addition to this all the bus stops would be numbered to make them unique entities and all the bus stops would have a YOU are HERE maps and also the list of important points which are near to that bus stop. Other than this there would be information desks at all the important building entrance.

In this concept the operation of the signage system comprises of three main components: signboards, maps and information desks. The other smaller components of the system are the bus stops and the ideas based on the concept of think local. The concept of human behaviour is not much emphasised due to the fact of not creating greater point of interest, as it would lead to more time of interaction with the form of the signboards reducing the efficiency of the signage system. Finally conceived form is simple in nature thereby allowing the users ample interaction with directions instead of investing time in admiring the form of the sign board.

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9.13.2

Signboards

Exit Lathibagicha Gate

Academic Complex Administration (Bank/ATM) Auditorium Guest House Hostels Sports Complex Residences Hospital Technology Complex Market Complex Community Hall

Hospital Kendriya Vidyalaya Post Office Reservation Counter Exit (Faculty Gate) Academic Complex Workshop

Workshop Kendriya Vidyalaya Post Office Reservation Counter

Front Elevation

Figure 9.13.1

Side Elevation

Back Elevation

all dimensions are in mm

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Signboards

Figure 9.13.2

Illustration of signboard at the junctions in the campus

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Signboard (at the entrances) Isometric view of the signboard located at all the entrances of the campus. It comprises of the directional sign, map of the campus and interactive screen

Institutional Area Bank / ATM / Post Office Hostels Sports Complex Community Hall(Student) KV IITG Reservation Counter Residences Guest House Hospital Community Hall (Staff)



i

Directional signs

Market Complex Residences D 103 -132 E 25 - 60



Interactive screen 







space for map 

 





Front Elevation Figure 9.13.3



Side Elevation all dimensions are in mm

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9.13.2

Signboard (at the entrances)

Figure 9.13.4

Illustration of signboard at the entrances in the campus, comprises of the directional sign, map of the campus and interactive screen Signage

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9.13.2

Signboards

60

Side Elevation

Figure 9.13.3

Front Elevation

all dimensions are in mm

These displays are placed at the opposite of the lake to indicate the a building from a group of buildings, the water body acts as an appreciating ground for those buildings located across and this display would facilitate the users showing the building from quite a distance.

At places where we require to get a brief idea about the smaller area within the campus, for example the area of A & B type residences. To get the precise information of the building and the contents within that building. these would consist of the maps of the local area and its legend.

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9.13.2

Signboards

Figure 9.13.6 Signage

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Building Identification Signboard for the purpose of identifying the building.

1450

350 690

Side Elevation

Top View

Figure 9.13.7

all dimensions are in mm

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Information Desk 

 





i

 







Side Elevation

Front Elevation

If a person needs to have specific information about any location / person / event he can take the help that shows him the precise route to reach its destination. These help desks would be located at all the four entrances of IIT to assist the visitors for their specific queries.

Figure 9.13.9

The interaction part of the information desk works on the micro controller based system, similar to an ATM machine. The screen of this help desk is a touch screen. The prototype of the working for the interaction of the screen with the users was made in Adobe Flash CS3. The purpose was to test the interaction with the users.

all dimensions are in mm

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Information Desk

Figure 9.13.10 Signage

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9.13.2

You are Here Maps ADMINISTRATION BLOCK Towards NH - 31 >>

IIT Guwahati Map LEGEND INSTITUTIONAL  Academic Complex  Administration Building  Auditorium  Lecture Hall  Library/ Computer Centre  Workshop





River Ghoramara



  D50-102













D1-49

G1

(Main Gate)









i



E1-24







        

G2(ASEB)

i

i







i







E 25-60











D103-132





Director Office Registrar Office Board Room



Research & Development Students Affair

Cricket Ground

i

i

i 



 

i





i



i

i





ra ma ora

(Lathia Bagicha Gate)

G3

<< Towards Amingaon

   







D 103-132 E 001-024 E 025-060 F

Bus stops S1- S12 Entrance







i Information

i





s >> Toward at 2.5 km Ferry Gh





i

  

HOUSING A B C D 001-102







Stores & Purchase Establishment Security Head

G4(Faculty Gate)

   









    





Deputy Director Finance Accounts Internal Audit

  





 

YOU ARE HERE

   



r Gh Rive

Public Relations Engineering Cell Training & Placement Despatch & Reception

1st Floor 2nd Floor

Academic Affairs JEE/ GATE Office







horamara er G Riv

 

HOSTELS Barak Dihing Kameng Kapili Manas Married Scholar Hostel Siang Subhansiri Umiam SERVICES ATM / Canteen Akshara Kids School Community Hall (STAFF) Community Hall (STUDENTS) GuestHouse Hospital Kendriya Vidyalaya Post office RAILWAY(Reservation Counter) Transit Complex Shopping Complex Sports Complex Swimming Pool

i



i SAC

i

Ground Floor

Deepak Kumar M.Des’09 Department of DESIGN, IITGuwahati

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Parking You Are Here

River Bramhputra

Figure 9.13.11

Generally people look at the map to get the location but cannot get any clue about the directions, because they donot know where they are? For this reason the You are Here maps are installed at the entrances to give the users a complete idea of the campus and redirect them with the help of the orientations.

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You are Here Maps Orientation of the maps: The maps are the most important factor of the wayfinding system and people generally lead themselves through this tool. As they build the mental model of the campus, by looking the map for the first time many things come into play: - whether the direction specified is directly oriented to the geographical North.

- whether the map is according to the layout of the campus or totally independent from the directions.

- people look for the landmarks and the paths and try to establish a relation between the map and actual conditions

Type A Quarters

Type B Quarters

Community Hall (Staff)

i

 Children Park Serpentine Lake

Area map for Type A & B Quarters

A similar model for the campus

In the proposed solution for the maps, the layout has been done in such a manner that a user can locate them in the map through YAH symbol in the map. Whenever a person looks the map they try to put the mental picture of the map in such a way that it aligns to the actual topography of the campus, for example they tend to align the directions of the map with the geographical directions.

To make wayfinding more comfortable a 3D model is also proposed for the campus at the entrance roundel where people coulld view it and some proposals for area map have also been made which has been discussed earlier in this chapter.

Figure 9.13.12 Signage

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Exploiting Present Systems The people visit the campus through the public or private vehicles and through the IITG bus service. So if the map of the campus can be installed in the buses of IITG, it would also be quite helpful for the visitors to refer to the map and get down at their destinations within the campus. The information provided at the back of the seat would be delivered by stating the proximity of the buildings near to the stops.

The bus stops in the campus are not numbered and it would be quite interesting if they would be given an identity so that reference points can be derived from the stops for the different destinations. The bus stops are one of the most prominent features used in the streetscape so if the layout of the campus is installed there it would serve the purpose effectively. This would also help the visitors to find their location with the vicinity of the numbered bus stops. The bus stops are also provide with the detailed map of the campus to facilitate the users. The numbers given to the bus stops are to place in such a strategic location that people could easily see the numbers from the bus itself.

Illustration of the maps and the bus stops in the campus & it also indicates the proximity of the buildings from a particular stop for the easiness of the visitors.

Bus stop where each stop has been given a specific / unique nomenclature and within the stops the maps are also provided.

Figure 9.13.13 Signage

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Exploiting Present Systems P Pe People coming in the IITG campus comes here for a purpose and a d that purpose ranges from personal visit to official visit. They come ccom m here with some reference and those can be visiting card or admission adm a m letters or just an invitation or a casual visit. The official vvisitt can be further broken down in different categories like Admission, Adm A m Interview, Conferences, Counseling, Paper pres p s presentation etc.

S So in this case we can actually exploit the References given to th he people in the form of invitation letter, visiting cards, admission the le ette e Internship letters, and other form of the references. The letters, basic bas b s idea is to give the clue or message about the campus in the lletter le e ette tte itself to help the visitors in every possible way. The layout of these th hess official letters can be altered or reformatted in order to exploit exp e p this idea. Thus the idea being very small but quite efec e c efective would help the visitors to develop their idea of the campus a d its services. and

   



 

Front page and back page illustration of the admission form

Towards NH -

Figure 9.13.14 illustration of the admission letter sent to an applicant with ith the th map off IITG campus and d relevant l t notes. t Signage

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9.13.3

Materials CATEGORY

BASE NAME OF MATERIALS MATERIAL

UNIT

INDICATIVE COST/UNIT LOW

Civil Materials Civil Materials

Cement Cement

Civil Materials

Concrete

Civil Materials

MS

Civil Materials

MS

Civil Materials

Bitumen

Civil Materials

Cement 43 Grade Portland Pozzolana Cement Flyash Based Ready Mix Cement Concrete M7.5 - M60 (6CUMT. = 1 Truck)

150

Bag of 50Kg

148

HIGH 8112:1989 1489:1991 456:2000

CUMT

2200 2600

M.S sheets

KG

42

Tor Steel Re-bar 8mm

M.T.

31500

Rubber Modified Bitumen (Bulk) CR-50

M.T.

17601

2062:1999, 2385:1977, 45 412:1975 432:1982, 2062:1999 15462:2004

Sand Sand

Civil Materials

Brick

Civil Materials

Fly-ash

Paving, Flooring, Tiles and Similar finishes

Bag of 50Kg

Bricks Ist Class 9x6x4 Fly-ash Bricks 220X105X80mm

BRASS

1900 2100

1000 NOS.

3400

NOS

3.75

Fly-ash Fly-ash Interlocking Paving Blocks(50-60mm) M20 grade

Figure 9.13.15 Cost list of the Materials

IS CODE

SQFT

25

1542:1992, 2116:1980 1077:1992 13757:1993, 3812:1981 3812:1981, 10360:1982

The material used for the construction of the signboards and other installations must possess some of the following characteristics to satisfy the signage design, • No marks or construction details should be prominently visible from the outside. All details should be worked out from the inside.

• The finish of the surface should be free from all kind of marks and must be uniform throughout, but the surface must not be reflective as it will create problem in visibility.

• Using sustainable materials for the installations so that it could resist rusting, discolouration and deformation. Weather proof and good UV resistance is also to be considered.

There are many materials available in the market but the best available material perfect for the condition in the campus of IITG is Aluminium Composite Material Sheets (ACP) and Polycarbonate sheets (UV stabilised). Both these materials are quite suitable for this project as they have all the qualities for the signboards. The polycarbonate sheets are available in translucent which can be used in the boards for the purpose of backlighting.

Properties of ACP are Lightweight and high strength and density, Weatherproof and good UV resistance, Excellent flatness and good anti-scratching surface, Resistance to water, acid and alkali, Easy maintenance, Environment friendly. It is eco-friendly as it is recyclable and reusable, leaving no harmful effects on the environment.

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Materials

Plate design : an illustration of the fixing of the ACP with frame

UV stabilised translucent (red) polycarbonate sheet 3mm

The construction of the components are based on the concept same to as of the buildings. First the frames are prepared and then the frames would be covered with the panels giving a proper finish. The frames for the sign boards can be derived from the previous signage installations which can be reused in this project. The MS frames would then be clamped & covered by the ACP. The MS frames would actually be installed into ground with the concrete foundation. The UV stabilised translucent polycarbonate sheets (5mm thickness) are used as the side covering of the panel and for the top inside lighting of the red coloured component for the purpose to create interest.

UV stabilised translucent (yellow) polycarbonate sheet 3mm Self adhesive vinyls

ACP

PCC over the concrete foundation

Figure 9.13.16

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Critical Appraisal The proposed signage system is significantly different from the present one, as it utilises different available technologies to cater the various requirements of the visitors in the campus, for e.g. externally illuminated signage system, wayfinding help desk (touch screen), etc. It not only provides help to the visitors but also reflects the identity of IIT Guwahati.

But before considering the new signage system there are several pertaining issues which are required to be looked into.

They are as following: - The huge cost of installation.

- Regular maintenance of the system i.e. detection of errors and rectification - Cost of replacements.

- Issues related to acceptance of new system.

But despite the issues involved, there are many advantages that favour the introduction of the proposed signage system which are as follows: - Though the cost of installation is initially high the running cost is significantly low as the materials used are durable and more appealing.

- Though the replacement cost is high, most of the components are durable and hence there are negligible replacements even for the electrical components.

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Critical Appraisal - Pertaining to the use of new system, any visitor who has used ATM, mobile phone or computer can easily operate the interface to find their way.

- The only issue that remains is the use of resources required for detecting, rectifying and maintaining the system.

But if we actually consider the multipurpose use of the proposed system and the identity it adds to the present signage system, the implementation of the proposed signage system is justified in spite of cost and resource utilisation factor.

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CONCLUSION The thesis started with the aim of integrating the signage system with the management and security system. Later it was discovered that signage system actually deals with the problem of navigation and wayfinding in a particular space. Signage system is just not putting arrows on the boards but a lot more than that, here we need to enter into the psychology of the people and assist them with right information at right place and time.

In the study phase a lot of details of the signage system have been perceived and other things were also explored about the human behaviour, brand, forms, colours, distance, location, placement, user perception, sustainability and identity. In this project an approach of standardisation and modularisation has also explored. It was quite interesting to learn different elements in the signage system and more interesting was the way it has been perceived and interpreted. Different explorations have also been tried and while exploring these, constraints were also clarified.

The basic approach was to discuss every aspect of the signage system and then apply it to the current situation. In this process, signage at IITG has also been audited and different options were also proposed. In the start of the project it was thought that the form of the product is the main concept but later it was rectified and then different ways of solving the problem was explored.

Different concepts were derived, some feasible and some very childish.

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CONCLUSION Later these concepts were discussed but there was a certain change in the selection of the concepts. Generally a comparison chart is prepared to evaluate the concepts but in this case no such chart was prepared, instead better ideas were given importance and a new concept was made by adding the points.

In this project system approach was also followed to make an interface for the visitor and there was great learning involved during this phase. There was a continuous process of analysis and synthesis which actually helped a lot in making the system more efficient. The only thing which still is not clear is the form but different options were tried.

The work carried out for this project was not a synchronised one; rather it would be better to say that as problems were faced solutions were also tried out. The proposed solution is actually far better than the existing one. It satisfies different problem areas which were conceived, but due to the current system a better system has been found, after all design is a never ending process.

So it is clear that the proposed solution is not the final solution and much can be done in the future.

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FUTURE WORK The scope of this project is limited to some extent up to the wayfinding and guiding the visitors to their destination and this is done through different components like Maps, Information desk, Signboards along the path.

The signboard component could further be looked upon and extended to guide the visitors inside the building to individual rooms and cabins.

The other prospects of the signage system can be utilizing it in commercial and social communication; exploiting it for maximum utilization for the resident of the campus also. The system could further be digitised so as to display dynamic updated information.

In future this can also lead to a strategically controlled system managing the campus.

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REFERENCES [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20]

Society for Environmental Graphic Design http://www.segd.info/resources/publications.html Chris Calori , “Signage and Wayfinding Design: A Complete Guide to Create Environmental Graphic Design Systems” Craig M. Berger , “Wayfinding: Designing and Implementing Graphic Navigational Systems” Andreas Ubele, “Signage Systems & Information Graphics- A Professional Sourcebook” Thames & Hudson Arthur, Paul and Romedi Passini, 1992, Wayfinding: People, Signs, and Architecture, Ontario: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 2002 Focus Strategic Communications, Inc. Downs, Roger and David Stea, eds., 1977, Maps in Minds, New York: Harper and Row. Evans, G. and M. McCoy, 1998, “When Buildings Don’t Work: The Role of Architecture in Human Health,” Journal of Environmental Psychology, v. 18: 85-94.

Golledge, R.G., ed., 1999, Wayfinding Behavior: Cognitive Mapping and Other Spatial Processes, Baltimore, Maryland: The Johns Hopkins Univerity Press.

Hillier, B. and J. Hanson, 1988, The Social Logic of Space, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Lynch, Kevin, 1960, The Image of the City, Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.

Peponis, J., and J. Wineman, 2002, “Spatial Structure of Environment and Behavior,” pp. 271-291 Bechtel, R. and A. Churchman, eds., 2002, Handbook of Environmental Psychology, New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Weisman, J., 1981, “Evaluating Architectural Legibility: Way-finding and the Built Environment,” Environment and Behavior, v. 13(2): 189-204 Colette Miller and David Lewis, 1999 “Wayfinding” http://www.informationdesign.org/bookwatch/miller_01.html Dumas & Redish 1999“A Practical Guide to Usability Testing” Published by Intellect Books Signage: System overview and implementation FIP Manual, December 1992 NHS Estates2005 “Wayfinding: Effective Wayfinding and Signing Systems; Guidance for Healthcare Facilities” The Stationery Office, Roger Fawcett-Tang .”Mapping Graphic Navigational Systems”, Published by Rotovision Rayan Abdullah, Roger Hübner, “ Pictograms, icons & signs: a guide to Information graphics ” http://www.asktog.com/basics/firstPrinciples.html

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Table of FIGURES Figure No.

Page No.

Figure 5.3.1

19

Figure 5.3.2

20

Figure 5.4.1 Figure 5.4.3 Figure 5.5.1 Figure 5.5.2 Figure 5.5.2

21 23 24 24 25

Figure 5.6.1 Figure 5.6.2 Figure 5.7.2

26 27 29

Figure 5.8.1 Figure 5.8.2 Figure 7.0.1 Figure 9.0.1 Figure 9.11.13

30 31 40 52 137

Source Andreas Ubele, “Signage Systems & Information GraphicsA Professional Sourcebook” Thames & Hudson.

David Gibson, “The Wayfinding HandbookInformation Design for Public Spaces.

Andreas Ubele, “Signage Systems & Information GraphicsA Professional Sourcebook” Minnaert building, Utrecht University, The Netherlands; Bauhaus, Dessau John Lewis, “Typography: Design and Practice” Andreas Ubele, “Signage Systems & Information GraphicsA Professional Sourcebook” Thames & Hudson. http://www.freevectors.net/details/56+Professional+Vector+Arrows http://www.identifont.com/show?87O http://www.designworkplan.com/design/signage-and-color-contrast.htm http://www.waytorussia.net/Moscow/images/metro.gif Rayan Abdullah, Roger Hübner, “ Pictograms, icons & signs: a guide to information graphics ” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Livingston-Greenwich-map.jpg http://campusapps.fullerton.edu/cisl/Shine/Images/world%20map.jpg http://news.softpedia.com/images/extra/NEWS/large/LGFM33.jpg http://campusapps.fullerton.edu/cisl/Shine/Images/world%20map.jpg http://www.addictlab.com/labfiles/creatives/sustainable%20energy%20icons%20.jpg

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Hi..!

about me

Thank you for reading my report. I hope that it was of some use to you. For any suggestions you can write me to the following address.

email:

archideepak@gmail.com deepak.k@iitg.ernet.in

Address: c/o Mr. S.N. Singh N-28/4, Telco Colony, Jamshedpur - 831004 Jharkhand

M . D e s ’ 0 7 - ’ 0 9 ,

Department

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D E S I G N ,

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