The Architect Issue 1 2013 by The Architect Magazine

January - March 2013

THE

Issue No. 1

RCHITECT The official magazine of the Architects Chapter, Architectural Association of Kenya

INSIDE

SURELY, GOD IS IN AFRICA TOO! Guilty as charged How fireproofed are Nairobi highrises?

Construction claims The recourse

The journey to here: Profile of James Kimathi

Transdiciplinary turn Forces that will dictate design

Looking after your lawn: Matters landscape

Energy efficient buildings: 1 Cutting costs through design

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

Contents

EDITORIAL BOARD Editor-in-Chief Arch Caleb Mutali Contributors Arch F.G. Mungai Arch Emma Miloyo, Arch James Kimathi Arch Noel Okelo Arch Wilson Mugambi Symon A. Kwatsima Phyllis Wambugu Maina Kironji

4 Don Bosco Church: Worship in new forms of spaces

Design Creative Bridge

creative.bridge@ymail.com pewambu@yahoo.com

10 Fire in high rise buildings: Is Nairobi ready? The Architect is the official journal of the Architects Chapter of the Architectural Association of Kenya. It is published quarterly and acts as the mouth-piece of the Kenyan architects. Its well researched content keeps practitioners in the building industry up to date with current trends in the field.

14 Transdiciplinary architecture

22 Project finance

18 Looking after your lawn

The Editor invites contributions in form of articles, letters, opinions and suggestions. It is the Editorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s discretion to accept or reject any of the contributions. Such contributions may be edited for brevity and clarity. Contributions should be sent to: The Architect AAK - Architects Chapter The Professional Centre, Parliament Road P.O. Box 44258 - 00100 Nairobi Tel: +254 20 2224806 Fax: +254 20 2220582 Mobile: 0721 691 337 Email: aak@aak.or.ke

24 Arch James Kimathi

29 Energy efficiency in buildings

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

From the editor’s desk

When we set off in the relaunch of the new look Architect magazine, we had our cross-hairs trained on one target: not only to enlighten the practitioners of the built environment about the goings-on in the fraternity but also to ensure the novel production becomes that friendly ‘coffee-table’ magazine. We are almost there, but this is not quite done until we rope in others who do not have that design and construction background into the fold. In this issue, I decided to feature a little bit of this and a little bit of that to open up to other sectors. The flagship article on Shrine of Mary Help of Christians unfurls before our very eyes what the Don Bosco edifice in Upper Hill, Nairobi is all about. What it does is take what we know to be ordinary and mundane in Africa - the cylindrical hut and mould it into an artistic masterpiece. A close scrutiny of the photography shows an ambience that is only achievable when a master craftsman works closely with a spiritual advisor and mentor who is familiar with the divine subject. The location of this shrine on a hill further serves to flatter its magnificence. A new meaning is given to the phrase simple is complex, confirming God’s residence in Africa. In the previous issue we began to celebrate local practitioners who may not be much acknowledged in Kenya but whose fame is resounding abroad. You liked the article on Hitesh Mehta; this time we focus on James Kimathi of K&M Archplans. This unsung hero has works dotting the landscape both in Kenya and within the region and without doubt he has cut himself a veritable niche as the father of the African parliament design. I do not think that I have done full justice to thematically present this genre in this issue and I am minded to continue in the next. What is revealing however is how he entered into the practice and what the layering architecture on a trained public health official can do in the design of civic buildings. Another master who comes into this issue is F.G.Mungai of Aaki Consultants talking on how a good landscape can become that icing a building cake needs to sparkle. He writes a simple, idiot-proof article on how to set up and manicure your green. We then have contributions touching on a wide plethora of fields ranging from the ominous exposure of highrise buildings in Nairobi to fire to what to look out for when working with banks for your project financing. It is instructive that this latter article was contributed by a facilitator but nonpractitioner in the building sector, going a long way to show that The Architect is soon becoming a must-read for professionals from other disciplines as well. I hope you enjoy going through and I look forward to your feedback by way of return mail.

Arch. Caleb Mutali Editor

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

Message from Chairman Architects Chapter

It’s another year and another issue of “The Architect” to sample. The winds of change are blowing around the country and we at the AAK have not been left behind. After the elections in February and March, there is a change of guard at the helm of the AAK Architect’s Chapter. I would like to thank the outgoing team led by Architect Mumo Musembi for the great team effort and leadership provided, evidenced by many achievements not the least being the revival of this magazine. I would also like to congratulate the entire incoming AAK Architect’s Chapter Council and look forward to putting our profession incisively on the map in the next two years. I would also like to thank the chapter membership for giving us a chance to serve you, and trusting in my leadership as the first lady in the history of AAK to hold the position of “Chairman” of the Architect’s Chapter. I will not let your confidence in me down. Since the last issue in December there have been quite a number of activities including an East Africa Institute of Architects Council Meeting held in January in Arusha. It is worth noting that the EAIA will be celebrating its 100th year of existence this year. Celebrations will culminate in the annual AGM to be held in Dar-es-Salaam in July. We look forward to sending a large delegation to represent Kenya in marking this milestone. The Chapter also held its Annual Golf Tournament on 5th April 2013, which is now in its thirteenth year. It was an excellent tournament save for the rain, with a record number of participants and record sponsorship, we trust that this is indeed a good omen for the Chapter as whole as we turn a new leaf. We look forward to engaging with you at the varied number of events planned for the year. Enjoy your read.

Arch. Emma Miloyo Chairlady, AAK Architects Chapter emma.miloyo@designsource.co.ke

SURELY, GOD IS IN Don Bosco Church â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Upper Hill Article by: Mtamu Joseph Photography: Michael Mathenge Photos copyright: Archdatum

ARCHITECT: Space and Systems ADVISOR TO THE CHURCH: Fr. Tony Fernandez PROJECT STATUS: Completed CAPACITY: 2000+ people LOCATION: Upper Hill, Nairobi, Kenya YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION: 1993

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

AFRICA TOO! Don Bosco ChurchÂ is in Upper Hill near World Bank Offices but is properly known as Shrine of Mary Help of Christians. As a shrine dedicated to the faith, the Don Bosco Church, exudes glorious imagery and an aura of benevolence to the architectural eye. This church stands out, departing from the traditional Catholic Church iconism which in the Baroque and Gothic period was more solemn, orthogonal in layout and with cool colours that drive one into a state of immediate reflection. Modern but in full appreciation of the fact that it is located in Africa, Don Bosco proudly adopts a circular layout; stepped and naturally-lit with warm chromatic shades that remain true to its purpose.

OUTSTANDING PROJECTS

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

Form and Materiality The composition of circular forms can be admired with the additive rooftop of four cones fitted inside a circular cantilevered ring beam. On the ground, they manifest into concentric cylinders that overlap to form the main church cavity. Each cone is crowned with a sunroof except for the middle one, which is the largest of the roofs and carries a life-like devotional sculpture of the Holy Virgin. The resultant interior space forms neatly curved steps that have sweeping and uninterrupted views of the altar below. Externally, the building lies on a cream terrazzo base, raised up to 1.2 m at the front entrance. Random cut Nairobi stone exposed at full key constitute the curved walls, interspersed with cream plaster finishes along window openings. The circular ring beam spans 6 m out with 500mm thick reinforced concrete beams for support, green stucco render on its outer face and geometric tile patterns decorating its edges. Honesty and purity of material was highly emphasized. The materials in the interior of the church scale down the high volumes within to a human scale without compromising on its ethereal feel. The interior is finished in beige unpolished ceramic tiles, with the altar steps lined in cream terrazzo and beige tiles at the top. Wooden tongue and grove strip panels

OUTSTANDING PROJECTS

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

in. Depending with the time of day, the light play lifts the spirit of the space and creates a more spiritual experience. In this light, you know you are a celestial being travelling through time. Acoustically, the building performs without the aid of advanced technology. It is recorded in the Bible that Joshua stood on a hill and addressed the nation of Israel. If this was possible in those days when giant speaker systems did not exist, then good design in our day should allow a preacher be heard by a congregation of five thousand with a public address system. It is here that Fr. Tony Fernandez does not disappoint. The altar is situated away from the focal point and the architect had the walls deflect the sound to different directions or be absorbed by the wooden panels on them. Together with the sound-arbsorbent acoustic ceiling tiles, the church ensures clarity of sound. Its universal design approach provides ramps for access by the physically challenged. It also responds well to the slope of the site. The site supports other related facilities such as a shrine, Sunday school crypt, offices and public amenities at the lower regions and a youth hall and priest Provincial House at either side of the church. The architecture of the spaces align black anthromorphic stone figures depicting la via dolorosa, the Way of the

created seems to respond to the site

Cross. The roof soffit is lined with white acoustic tiles and light fixtures remain

by understanding it and by enhanc-

visible.

ing on its character with shade trees and soft landscaping. In addition,

Sustainable features

the church caters for 300 parking slots within its inner car park for mo-

The church maintains the stained glass windows seen in most churches but in-

torists in the congregation.

cludes roof lights between the staggered conical roofs to allow natural diffused light

OUTSTANDING PROJECTS

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

Social response The church is an example of a higher meeting point of art and architecture. At the aesthetic level, it stands out as a piece of art with keen detail put in the scale and proportions of beautiful murals and wooden niche carvings. It satisfies its users visually but beyond the veil of perception it is functionally sound with the capacity to comfortably seat 2000 people. Boasting of a vibrant youth culture, the church created extensions such the youth hall with an in-built theatre seating 500 people and two basketball courts that are used for parking during Mass. This is also shared with the neighbouring communities for recreational sports and inter-parish activities. Yes, it is contemporary to on-lookers but the congregation and those who have stepped into the church know better. Don Bosco has the transcendental qualities of a traditional church with a hint of glamour if not prestige. The architecture venerates the altar and allows sunlight to emulate the presence of God. The church does not just show understanding of context but merges it with functional aesthetics. It challenges the role of a church and comes up with a jewel that stands for 21st Century architecture as well as the unmistaken spirit of the time-tested church.

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

Guilty as Charged Why the failure to fireproof high-rise buildings in the Nairobi Metropolis is inviting hell on earth By Maina Kironji As we struggle with heightened demands for housing, esca-

On the global picture, leading organisations and institutions

lating land prices and waning economic fortunes, fire protection

on fire protection in high-rise buildings have concluded numer-

though important, is shunted to the periphery in Kenya and more

ous studies on fire safety, but still fire safety remain intrinsically

so in Nairobi Metropolis. This is so because fires rarely occur,

challenging to us. On the global picture, leading the pack is the

and if they do, they are attributed to the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;othersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; syndrome - bad

National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA), the Council of Tall

fate. The scenario in the Nairobi Metropolis is that more empha-

Buildings and Urban Habitats (CTBUH), the Underwriters Labo-

sis is put on economic gains when putting up a high-rise build-

ratories (UL), the International Association of Fire Protection Sci-

ing than life safety of the end-users namely the occupants. The

ence among others. They specifically research and promote good

key element that is normally foregone is the net let-able space

fire safety practices in different occupancies. In Kenya, hardly

in disregard of fire protection system such as extra fire escape

any institution has interest in fire protection studies.

routes, fire lift, fire-fighting lobbies, and sufficient escape light-

Fathom the fact that increased building heights, increased

ing, appropriate signage or adequate fire extinguishers among

fuel load, user-change from initial design, new complex fuel com-

others. The management of heating, ventilation and air-condi-

pounds and sheer incapacity and lack of coordination by both

tioning (HVACs) ducts and servicing of fire protection systems

the authorities and building owners to manage fire safety effec-

is seldom undertaken. Any extra cost is deemed an infringement

tively remain an insurmountable challenge to the professionals

on the profits of the building owner.

in building and construction spheres. Going by my background

FIRE SAFETY

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

in fire protection systems management sur-

of fire equipment at disposal with

Lack of redundancy and duplica-

vey, few if any of the high-rise buildings in

the fire department to be as follows:

tion of fire protection systems

the Nairobi Metropolis is well prepared in

two fire engines, two water tenders,

fire protection. Lapse, sheer negligence or

two turn-table ladders, two rescue

It is normally expected that high-rise

apathy on fire protection management char-

vans, one emergency tender and

buildings are installed with more than one

acterizes our commercial high-rise build-

one hydraulic platform. This number

fire protection systems to achieve better re-

ings.

of items for a city with more than 4

sults. It is also supposed that these instal-

One institution charged with maintain-

million people is laughable. It con-

lations are placed on all occupiable floors

ing fire safety in the Nairobi Metropolis is

stitutes less than 10% of what they

throughout the entire building. Some build-

the Nairobi Fire Brigade whose main obliga-

ought to have!

ings do not have repeated installations of fire fighting equipment on all the floors. This

tion is fire fighting; the development control department of the City Council of Nairobi is equally charged with policing the compliance of building owners with minimum fire safety installations and inspections and issuance of fire clearance certificate. The Di-

Intrinsic Fire Protection Challenges in commercial high-rise buildings in the Nairobi Metropolis

is partly attributed to the high cost of fire equipment or an uncoordinated fire safety management due to the floor occupantsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; fire safety priorities. Consideration for vertical evacua-

rectorate of Occupational Safety and Health

tion/escape and phased evacuation

Services (DOSHS) is mandated through

A study carried out by the author

the Factories and Other Places of Work

of this article with the aim of identi-

(Fire Risk Reduction) Rules, 2007 to in-

fying fire safety challenges in com-

As noted in all the buildings examined,

spect buildings on compliance to fire safety

mercial high-rise buildings in the

there is hardly any arrangement for vertical

standards with keen focus on flammable

Metropolis showed that a fire disas-

evacuation of building occupants in case of

materials, fire safety policy and fire safety

ter is a time-bomb readying itself for

fire. All the signage i.e. FIRE EXIT signs

training to workers. The fire rules requires

explosion in more than two thirds of

indicate that anyone in danger of fire should

that the occupier or building owner annu-

the buildings that were involved in

move downwards. This is becomes a poten-

ally conduct a fire safety audit and conduct

the study (a sample of 20 high-rise

tial death-trap in cases where fire may be in

fire drills at certain periods. There are also

buildings was used).

lower ground.

the buildings codes or the national build-

Commercial high-rise buildings

ings regulations which are seldom adhered

in the metropolis are laced with the

to. There is no effective and efficient body

following inherent fire protection

to oversee the enforcement of the laws and

challenges. The fire risks resulting

Voice communication is very vital in

regulations.

from structural height of a building

high-rise buildings for control of human

include:

traffic movement into the fire escape stairs.

Technical helplessness as witnessed during the Nakumatt Kimathi Street fire

Voice communication system

In many cases people die not because of fire

episode will continue gnawing at us days

Inaccessibility by fire engines

burns but because of a stampede that en-

on end. According to NFPA, a high-rise is a

(equipment) due to height factor

sues after fire outbreak. Ideally a voice com-

building with more than 7 storeys or 23 me-

munication mechanism can be used to initi-

ters measured from the building sidewalk to

Technically fire engines are in-

ate a phased evacuation in order to inform

the highest occupiable floor. The Nakumatt

capable of effectively pumping wa-

those who are not in danger not to leave

scene demonstrated that the Nairobi fire

ter beyond the 6th floor of a high-rise

their rooms thus reducing overcrowding

brigade is both ill-prepared and has no ca-

building. Therefore extra arrange-

in the escape corridors and stairs. A voice

pacity to extinguish fires in high-rise build-

ment is needed fighting fire in the

communication system can also be used for

ings. A survey conducted shows the tally

upper floors beyond the reach of a

coordination in fire fighting by fire marshals

fire engine.

before arrival of the fire brigade.

FIRE SAFETY

Provision of Fire lifts and fire fighting lobbies

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

Fire safety signage and notices

tions such as fire doors, HVACs insulations

All buildings are supposed to be

and exposure of live wires. Without proper

installed with correct fire safety sig-

supervised workmanship and certification

Another key element not usually con-

nage and notices. However, build-

by competent authorities, these changes

sidered in the design for safety in high-

ings in the Metropolis are hardly

can dearly compromise fire safety and en-

rise buildings is the provision of a fire lift.

installed with correct signs while

trap users in a fire hell.

A fire lift is critical in evacuation of injured

others have them installed in wrong

persons, the disabled and serves as a safe

positions which can lead to death-

entrance for fire protection personnel into

traps. Fire signage is supposed to

the building. My survey showed that none

be luminous or reflective during the

of the buildings in the city had a lift specifi-

dark; unfortunately most of the signs

There is a major shift in building man-

cally dedicated for that purpose. Fire fight-

are only useable during the day.

agement in the City. Many building owners

ing lobbies are fire lift landings normally

A power backup is supposed to be

are delegating the responsibility of build-

protected from smoke and fire from where

provided for emergency signs in the

ing to property management companies

the fire personnel can launch the fire fight-

common corridors in the building.

or firms. The competence and diligence of

Poor building management with respect to fire

the property manager is critical in the de-

ing. The lobbies can also be used as a fire refuge by disabled persons before they are

Changes from the initial user

termination of the level of fire safety in such

rescued.

and design

buildings. Most of the firms are only keen on collection of rent without giving due at-

Fire escape route

Lately, the ‘exhibition stalls rush’

tention to fire safety. The allocation of mon-

mentality has overwhelmed many

ies to safeguard the lives and property is

Many of the buildings in the metropo-

buildings in the Metropolis due to a

skewed and only favours other elements in

lis have none or poorly designed fire es-

quick case syndrome without instal-

the building.

cape routes, others have spiral staircases

lations of commensurate fire safety

which are not considered appropriate for fire

installations in such buildings. The

emergency. They also lack elements such

shift from one use to another in many

as rails, balustrade, are poorly illuminated

cases increases fire load and human

or are too steep or slippery. Others have a

traffic. The change in design may

Almost 98% of the buildings in the Nai-

compromised width such that they cannot

compromise the structural integrity

robi Metropolis do not comply with fire laws

efficiently serve the building population in

of the buildings and in some cases

and rules. The fire rules as provided under

case of emergency.

interferes with major fire installa-

the Factory and Other Places of Work Act

Compliance to Fire Risk Reduction Rules, 2007

Cap 514 (now superceded by the Occupa-

Nakumatt Downtown fire

tional Safety and Health Act, 2007) are not adhered to by most buildings in the City. According to this study it was found that: • 80% of the buildings have never conducted a fire safety audit or fire risk assessment as required under rule No 36 • 90% have no fire safety policy as required under rule No 34 • 50% have no fire detection and alarm systems as required under rule 28 and 35 respectively. • 60% have no adequate fire exit route as per rule 17

FIRE SAFETY

• 80% have no fire teams as per rule 20 • 50% have no adequate water fire purpose as per rule 33 • 70% have inadequate fire safety notices as per 27 • 90% have no designated fire assembly point as per rule 24

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

About the Author: Maina Kironji is the Managing Director of Heartland Environment and Safety Consultants (HESCo) and Phoenix Safety Equipment and Clothing. He holds a MSc in Occupational Safety and Health from the Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology JKUAT, Bachelor of Environmental Planning and Management - School of environmental studies from Kenyatta University. He is an environmental Impact Assessment and Auditing Lead Expert (NEMA) with key areas of professional interest in Sound (Environmental and Occupational Noise Modelling) and Vibration and Fire Safety.

• 80% do not conduct electrical equipment and attachments inspection as per rule No. 16 • 90% have never had fire safety training as required by rule No 21

A - Z K I T C H E N S O L U T I O N S AT Y O U R DOOR STEP IN AFRICA

• 90% do not conduct fire drills as per rule No 23 • 90% have no first aid kit in case of emergency It is equally alarming that almost 96% of the high-rise buildings in the Nairobi metropolis are not registered as a workplace by the Directorate of Occupational Safety and Health Services (DOSHS) as provided in Part V section 44 of the OSHA, 2007 Other equally important challenges facing high-rise buildings in the Nairobi Metropolis include: •

Lack of facilities for disabled people to evacuate from the

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OPINION

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

ARCHITECTURE, SOCIETY AND THE TRANSDISCIPLINARY TURN By Noel Okello, B.Arch, M. Urban Design(JKUAT), MAAK (Corporate), Reg. Architect

The practice of architecture in Kenya today remains largely unchanged in its broader outlook on the state of architecture and society. Of particular concern are the ongoing social, economic and political shifts that seem to slip the grasp the profession previously enjoyed causing it to lag behind when practiced and instructed as is done today. The opportunity costs as a result of this inertia and a failure to comprehend and adapt to these shifts are compelling. These shifts and their implications are: rate headquarters in suburbs will take a backdrop to informal schools, Socio-political shifts: The new

informal markets, unassuming community libraries and multipurpose

Constitution of Kenya with its de-

social halls. The traditional master-plan, which has so far had less

volved system of government has

than modest success in the development of Kenyan cities and towns,

transferred political and economic

will have to be rethought as communities demand projects that are

structures from the centre to the pe-

feasible, practical and incremental rather than merely Eurocentric,

riphery of government. This means

radical and large. The aesthetics of urban areas will not be deter-

that counties, hitherto depending

mined and handed down from some larger-than-life public agency but

on the centre for planning, design

will be profoundly collaborative and simultaneously multi-scalar in its

and development, will gradually be

specific interventions. Urban aesthetics will transgress the boundar-

autonomous and contextually local-

ies traditionally set by architecture and planning (buildings and open

ized in determining their direction of

space) into product design, display and signage. The era of architec-

advancement. Increasingly, even the

tural dreamscapes designed for social seclusion and out of the reach

processes and products of architec-

of ordinary citizens will lose its appeal. Community living will be the

ture will have to shift from the glitzy

new Canaan.

capitals to peripheral communities. And this is not simply just a matter

Economic shifts: Traditionally, architectural practice has focused

resolved by dispatching architects

on capturing and retaining corporate or government clients who have

to county stations. It is a matter of

the financial muscle to build large projects and, ineluctably, deposit

realistically affecting community

substantial professional fees in firmsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; coffers. But this traditional ap-

development with the help of heu-

proach is not attuned to the current shifts in liquidity. Finances are no

ristic programmes. The demand for

longer the preserve of supranational corporations and the elite of soci-

community projects is likely to rise.

ety. If anything, the tremendous oversubscriptions of IPOs of the last

In this scenario architecture focused

ten years in Kenya have shown that the money is with the plebs. This

on the production of pristine corpo-

is money that runs into billions. Large commercial banks, after hav-

OPINION

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

ing frowned at low-income depositors in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, are now

tion. Trends defined by mobilities in-

opening branches in informal settlements. This is an acknowledgement of the

crease the range of forces that affect

shift in the flow of capital. Architectural practice, as it is today in Kenya, is in

project sites. They also introduce

many ways still stuck in the“big client” nostalgia of the 1970s, 1980s and early

more nuances regarding stakehold-

1990s. There has been very little in the way of adapting architectural practice

ers to design- from the traditional

to the shifts in economic power. Such shifts would require a change in cur-

client to public places characterized

rent business models. Contacts would not only have to be made in golf clubs,

by flux, countercultures, sensory ex-

cooperatives and churches, but also in active participation within heteroge-

periences, semiotics and incidental

neous communities with diverse affiliations. Long hours at the office have to

happenings. This is particularly true

be tempered with genuine service to and negotiations with common people.

for Africa’s urban areas where it has been determined by research that

Technological shifts: The advent of Building Information Modeling (BIM)

up to 75% of services are produced

has made it possible for professionals in different fields to work on projects

and delivered informally. The focus

collaboratively regardless of constraints of physical distance. The biggest

in architectural practice and train-

achievement of BIM is that information is passed between members of the de-

ing has been to attempt to retrofit

sign and/or planning teams in real-time so that projects are achieved more ef-

other professions into architecture

ficiently with regard to time and costs. But this is not the only trend in technol-

rather than tailoring architecture to

ogy affecting architecture and the built environment. Mapping of urban areas

collaborate with or suit other profes-

is now possible with mobile apps such as NarraHand, and diverse social me-

sions. This inadvertently manifests

dia. Increasingly, urban residents are able to narrate their own tales in cities

as a power struggle between pro-

and towns and share these spatially situated stories with others. In cities and

fessions of the built environment. In

towns, it is not only physically fixed infrastructure that determines the quali-

this conundrum, architectural prac-

ties of space, but daily events that vary unpredictably between different loca-

tice is unresponsive to the changing forces on project sites. Design progressively loses touch with the site as projects proceed. According to Fast Company’s annual listing, the world’s 9th most innovative company of 2013 is Safaricom. The strength of Safaricom in innovation has been its socially crosscutting solutions to quotidian problems. Safaricom’s solutions are consistently simple, affordable and practical.

Architectural

practice

could learn from Safaricom’s disruptive innovations that have transformed traditional services from banking to agriculture. With regard to design per se, architectural practice is presented the chance to develop more accurate tools that refine our understanding of spatiality and how the permanent interacts with the transient to generate place.

OPINION

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

Transdisciplinary shifts: With

gain social dexterities fundamental

the realization that manâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s destiny is

to honest negotiation with commu-

intricately linked to the global envi-

nities and stakeholders. Given the

ronment, shifts have occurred in the

unique skills required in diverse

scope of design interventions. The

projects professional teams may in-

boundaries of design are no longer

clude sociologists, anthropologists,

determined by continuous profes-

urban geographers, public health

sional development alone; design

officers, artists and so forth. Increas-

increasingly transgresses disciplin-

ingly in practice, the structure of

ary, interdisciplinary and multi-

the relationship between these pro-

disciplinary boundaries becoming

fessions rather than being strictly

blurred into a domain that can only

hierarchical is transient and heter-

porate) no. 2934. He is currently a

be referred to as transdisciplinar-

archical. The retinue of professions

PhD researcher at the Institute of

ity. Such boundaries are determined

associated with architecture may

Urbanism and Landscape of the

more or less by market forces and the

still be unfolding but the direction to

Oslo School of Architecture and

complex constitution of stakeholders

the future of practice is clear.

Design (AHO).

About the author

Noel Okello is a registered architect and member of the AAK (Cor-

for particular projects than by rigid professional regulations. Traditional architectural design with its emphasis on form and functionality are no longer sufficient to respond to the demands of contemporary space. In contemporary space, human sensibilities take greater priority and the environment is perceived as a source of constant feedback to design performance. Sustainable design, Human Computer Interaction (HCI), lighting design, sound design and engineering, fluid mechanics and tectonics are fields that are gaining momentum in architectural practice globally. These fields conflate the production of architecture that transcends traditional boundaries. But in all cases, when resultant design is compared to that of traditional architecture, the results are remarkably superior. In this transdisciplinary congruence, public participation is becoming critical as citizens question the relevance and value of public projects. It is incumbent on architects to

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PEKAR roofing is the core distributors of the DS- Tiles

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

LOOKING AFTER YOUR LAWN good but how they are maintained and looked after. When Thika Superhighway Architect Gitau Mungai

was finished and a budget for landscaping was part of the budget, it was assumed

Chairman, AAK Board of Trustees

that we have finally come of age as far as landscaping is concerned. Plants and grass, we planted, but Alas! no one to maintain them. Whether you are talking

Landscaping and design of gardens is what make ambient cities

about a domestic garden or lawns on the highways they must be well maintained. Now, what does it take to have a well-manicured lawn?

tick. The cities beautiful movement

A well maintained lawn can be very pleasing to the eyes and may even lead

of early part of the last century knew

to you becoming the envy of all your neighbours. As beautiful as such a lawn or

this and focused on gardens and so

garden may be, it does not come naturally. No majestic garden grows from the

did the aristocratic gardens of the

ground to be a source of amazement without help from some caregiver. Though rest

mediaeval cities. If Nairobi can focus

assured, you do not have to have expensive exotic flowers suspended in mid-air for

on landscaping and maintaining, it

the garden to look beautiful. All you need is well maintained grass, which can be

is the first step forward to cleaning

easy if done well.

it. It would not only make our cities

Mowing is a key factor that contributes to the wellbeing of a lawn. This can be

look good but it would also generate

what makes or breaks it. A rule to always keep in mind is to always cut a third or

jobs for those who would be main-

less of the grass blade to give the optimum height for any kind of grass. If you mow

taining it. It is not just well designed

your lawn too short it will cause the grass to go into shock. Root growth slows, the

gardens that make cities appear

grass becomes less vigorous and more subjected to stress. It then takes on a yel-

LANDSCAPING

The Architect, Issue 1, March 2012

lowish brown appearance. We all admire and aspire to have our lawns look like a golf course, but that is a special type of grass. To get a beautiful lawn, cut it the right way. When it comes to watering your lawn, it is advisable that this be done on a regular basis, preferably weekly. While watering it is important to make sure the water slowly reaches deep into the soil to reach the roots. This maintains the green colour and activates growth. It is also important to note that the water requirements for a given lawn may vary depending on the •

type of soil: sandy, loamy or clayey,

•

climate of the area: rain and temperatures,

•

topography

•

grass species

To save on water, water the grass early in the morning. Watering at midday can waste water through evaporation. Another thing to consider is aerating. Over time, the soil beneath your grass can become very compacted. Even the weekly chore of mowing your lawn can cause soil compaction. Compacted soil results in problems with air circulation, water drainage and nutrient absorption. Additionally, beneficial soil organisms such as earth worms

ing simple handheld aerating

cannot establish in hard, compacted

tool. Aerating the soil means

Another tip is to nourishing your lawn.

soil. When aerating, mow the lawn

there is less run-off and land

The easiest way to do this is to leave the

first then make an even distribu-

does not get that waterlogged

clippings you mowed on the grass. Those

tion of holes on the lawns soil us-

because, by opening the soil

clippings decompose faster than you think.

structure, surface drainage is improved.

They start to decompose almost as soon as they hit the ground. They provide a substantial amount of nitrogen which keeps the grass green and growing. However, if you just cannot stand the sight of grass clippings on your yard, another option is to compost them. Invest in a simple compost bin and use the compost in your lawn and garden. By following this simple rule and establishing a system of maintenance unique to your specifications and circumstances your lawn will flourish and your compound will become beautiful.

LEGAL MATTERS

The Architect, Issue 1, February 2012

MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION CLAIMS UNDER THE FIDIC FORM OF CONTRACT (1999) In

construction,

the

Management of claim

term

“claims” is used to describe the demands by the contractor and, to a

A cause of action is the legal

lesser extent, by the employer that he

ground or claim with which a party

is not receiving his proper monetary

can file a law suit to find remedy or

entitlement. A claim is a believe sub-

satisfaction of his claim. In other

ject to further assessment requiring

and unless revised by the Dispute

words there must be legal relation-

certain amount of evidence and par-

Adjudication

(sub-clause

ship between the appellant and the

ticulars so that it may become such

3.5 FIDIC). FIDIC mainly the North

defendant creating a cause of ac-

enforceable right. On the other hand

America form of Contract stands

tion, which implies the right to bring

as per FIDIC Contract, a claim sub-

for “Fédération Internationale Des

a legal action. Managing to meet the

sist even if it had been rejected by

Ingénieurs-Conseils”, French for the

elements of any cause of action is

the engineer because any engineers

International Federation of Consult-

critical under a FIDIC Contract.

determination is only binding until

ing Engineers.

Board

LEGAL MATTERS

The Architect, Issue 1, February 2012

FIDIC claim management means to ascertain all

to keep records. All of the three of them interpret the Con-

claims clauses throughout the contract, to establish

tract and consider against the factual background whether

a narrow check and evaluation system which enables

any party is entitled to something. A party who learns too

the contractor to become aware of any relevant event

late that the record keeping is critical will have to suffer

or circumstance which might give rise to an entitle-

because of its own wrong. Things would have been much

ment under the contract. Also he shall then keep re-

easier and disputes could have been avoided if the parties

cords of all elements of any indented claim. Any infor-

to the contract were aware of this. Once again a FIDIC Con-

mation or data, whether constituting a mere fact or an

tract shall ensure that the Engineer may make determina-

act under the contract (instructions or variation) shall

tion going along with the strong likelihood that it will not

be entitled to any extension of time for completion or

become challenged because the Engineer was in fact able

additional payment he shall give a notice to the en-

to consider all relevant event and circumsrances. Though

gineer describing the event or circumstance in suf-

the parties may execute their contract based on mere as-

ficient detail. Record keeping and evidence collecting

sumptions, the Engineer shall not make any determination

should be a part of daily work. Programming is also a

based thereon. Actually he has no authority to do so (sub-

valuable means of claim management because a de-

clause 3.5).

tailed programme as per sub-clause 8.3 enables the

engineer to promptly determine any additional work-

Symon A. Kwatsima

manship, work, equipment, etc. compared to what

kwatsimaltd@yahoo.com

had been planned for the execution of the works. The engineer who tacitly accepts programmes which are insufficiently detailed will not be able to make such an assessment. A contractor failing to submit a detailed programme is not only in breach of Contract but also prevents himself from showing evidence for its assumed entitlements. Hence, proper programming creates a valuable win-win situation. Claim management also means to keep contemporary records of all relevant events or circumstances and in particular of all elements of the legal theory of the relevant cause of action (the claims clause). A contractor who is not aware of all elements of the relevant legal theory will not keep proper and complete contemporary records. By ignoring the contract wording he will prevent himself from recovering any additional payment or extension of Time for completion. As contemporary records shall be kept when the event or circumstance happens they cannot be produced later when lack of records become relevant or apparent. It can be summarised that failure to proceed in accordance with the contract avoids claims for good reasons. Neither the Contractor nor Employer should blame the Engineer, Dispute Adjudication Boards or arbitral panel for its own any failure to proceed in accordance with the contract, in particular for failure

PROJECT FINANCE

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

PROJECT FINANCE

How to survive it without losing your hair “Y-Yes!” you shout, as you thump the boardroom table in a triumphant cheer. The project finance that you had struggled to put together has not only been approved, but the disbursement of the first tranche is about to take place. No wonder you are so excited. But is it the right time to exhale, to relax and take things easy? The answer is a definite: “NO.” Here are 3 things you can do, starting today, to make the postdrawdown process not only bearable, but – believe it or not – enjoyable. 1. Become an effective liaison officer The fact is that the amorphous institution known as “the Bank” does not handle your matter, but rather, it is the people who work in the Bank that do. This means is that you ought to become keen about “who” is handling your paperwork. To understand the documentation handling process, refer to the diagram above. Your paperwork starts at the front end (client service and credit appraisal) where you would be offered the list of requirements and assisted to ensure completeness of your loan application pack. Initial credit appraisal is also conducted to ensure viability of the project. The

next stop is the credit committee,

•

where further review is conducted.

queries, any of the officials may

If more information is required, the documents will be sent back to the

Remain available to answer any have.

•

Remain

active

account.

front end. Where credit approval is

Don’t just sit and send emails

granted, the documents are then

hoping for some action.

forwarded to the credit documenta-

up the phone, make those calls,

tion team to commence the secu-

have those face-to-face meet-

rity perfection process. This team

ings, issue progress reports, cir-

liaises with the Bank’s advocates

culate the reports amongst the

to prepare and register the security

full internal team in the lending

documents (for example, the charge

organisation. Be visible.

Pick

document, guarantees and so on). Once securities are in place – in-

If you think of this as a marriage,

cluding appropriate insurance cov-

what you want to do is aim for sev-

ers and all pre-drawdown conditions

eral touches a month, not just on the

- the documents are then forwarded

“wedding day”, also known as, dis-

back to the front end and your loan is

bursement day.

disbursed. Victory! 2. Know your numbers What to do: •

Brush up on your people skills.

•

Become a giver of up-to-date,

worth repeating: Banks do not lend

relevant and complete informa-

you their money. They lend you oth-

tion.

er people’s money; depositor’s funds.

We have said it before, but it is

This is perhaps why they are unfairly

PROJECT FINANCE The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

What to do: •

For new project finance, align your documents to new Land Act (2012).

•

Ensure you understand the Bank’s procedures should you fall into arrears. What kind of reminders would they give you? Would your account be moved to a different department? What are the timelines involved? Begin to have this conversation and document your finding. With your communication skills

but accurately called fair-weather

natively, move the whole facility

up, your numbers up-to-date and

friends - handing you an umbrella

to a different Bank.

your documents in order, the post-

on bright sunny days and promptly

3. Be document smart - under-

drawdown stage will become easi-

taking it away once the rains starts

stand what you signed up for

er to handle. In the next article, we will take

beating down on you. Perhaps the greatest contribu-

a look at the 5 vital checks you can

What to do:

tion to borrower’s rights in this de-

do to immediately improve your

•

Know and understand your

cade has been the enactment into

project’s cash flow.

numbers, such as, “Why was

law of the new Land Act (2012) that

the disbursement for the first

has accorded rights to the borrower

phase not sufficient to cover

that were not clearly spelt out before.

the scheduled works? How far

Log onto the internet and download

above budget are you? How

your personal copy, and begin to be-

does this impact the overall

come familiar with it.

•

project cost? How will you com-

It is important that the Bank’s

pensate for this variance in later

offer letter (Banking Facility Letter)

phases of the project?”

and the Charge document match,

Present the numbers in a coher-

with respect to terms, conditions

ent manner to the Bank, failing

and covenants. In the instance

which you may fall into a num-

where they may differ, do note that

ber of undesirable situations

the Charge is the superior document.

such as delayed drawdown

It is, therefore, essential that greater

of tranches, reduced tranche

scrutiny is given to the Charge doc-

amounts or even requests for

ument. Surprisingly, it is the least

additional security.

reviewed document and on several

Keep your numbers up-to-date

occasions: we have had to request

in case you have to go shopping

the Lender to make the necessary

for some emergency finance

changes to align the document to

from a different lender, or alter-

the current law.

Phyllis Wambugu, Real Estate & Mortgage Consultant Capital Edge Solutions About the Author: With over 15 years in the world of banking and finance, Phyllis Wambugu is the Lead Trainer & Mortgage Consultant at Capital Edge Solutions. The team of 7 associates provides in-house training and customized workshops designed to empower you to take charge of your borrowing relationships. Their clients include individuals, corporates and investment groups (chamas) who are keen on learning how to run their mortgages and project finance with less stress. For more information, please visit www.thecapitaledge.blogspot.com.

ONE ON ONE

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

grinding stone and the rotating propellers were too fast for me to comprehend. This was my first encounter as a young impressionable boy with Western technology and Architecture. My home in Meru is literally sandwiched between the ridges and the fast flowing rivers that emerge from thick Mount Kenya forest. I grew up seeing part of the snowcapped mountain on my way home and the far distant horizon on my way to school. I literally believed the earth touched the sky on the eastern side washed by the morning sun rays. My early life and formative days were part of a nature that teemed with birds, creeping animals flying and creeping insects. Up to this time, I had no clue what architecture was all about. Now, there was this student from Makerere who occasionally visited our school. We were told he could

Young Kimathi in high school

I literally believed the earth touched the sky on the eastern side

The Journey to Here… Reminisces by James Kimathi

James Kimathi is a household name in Kenya and in the East African region owing to the architectural masterpieces that continue come out of his studio in Nairobi and another in Tanzania. Testaments of his creative genius dot the East African landscape. Who is this man? What drives him? What influences and informs his designs? How has he evolved over the years to command such respect amongst the architectural fraternity in the region. Here, the still young at heart 67-year old architect takes us back down memory lane. I was born in a family of four and this is how it all began. My immediate elder sister, Monica, persuaded me to accompany her to a “posho-mill”. I was fascinated by the hanging structure on the riverfront. The moving water, the

Architect Kimathi’s first project executed after completion of the Public Health Officer course but before joining the School of Architecture.

ONE ON ONE

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

No known computer existed at the university except the only one in the Engineering Department. We had never seen it but it was rumoured that it was the size of a lorry. dissect frogs. We admired- but were equal-

Polytechnic University). I loved this

time. Knowing that every cloud has

ly scared of him. I learned later that this

course and would subsequently ap-

a silver lining, I used this lost time

was Professor George Kinoti, a professor of

ply to the University of Nairobi on

well. I got myself a wife during this

zoology. This was the much I knew about

the basis of City and Guilds of Lon-

period so I count more gains than

University education.

don Institute to study architecture.

losses from the infamous strike.

I should therefore have pursued zool-

I was admitted in 1971. And this is

A vital coursework unit, Theory

ogy, botany or landscape architecture. In

how I transited from public health to

of Structures, was a nightmare to

fact, Landscape architecture makes a lot

architecture. Cometh the hour, co-

everybody. The examination was

of sense to me even today. However I did

meth the man!

an open-book assessment; we were

not for after my Ordinary (O-) Level educa-

Now, the study of Architecture

requested to carry to the examina-

tion, I was admitted to the Medical Train-

was not easy. We “trans-nighted”

tion room any book that we thought

ing Centre to pursue a Diploma in Public

at the famous “Golan Heights” - did

would help us although such books

Health offered by Royal Institute of Pub-

you know that was the pet name

would only end up wasting time. We

lic Health. This course took me 3 years to

students had given to the ADD

did it all the same but I do not know

complete before I got my award.

building at the University of Nai-

how we managed to pass even with

Apart from Medical subjects, the

robi? There were massive failures in

the help of books because those ex-

course had a building construction com-

the course work. This made the stu-

ams were indeed very hard.

ponent since we had to inspect buildings

dent body very upset and organized

In the design studio, we started

for hygiene purposes. We were therefore

a big strike. As a result of the student

off with imperial system using feet

required to take London City and Guilds

strike we stayed in the University

and inches. The metric system was

course at Kenya Polytechnic (now Kenya

five more months to recover the lost

introduced later. No known com-

A model of Tanzanian Parliament designed by K&M Archplans. It was inspired by a granary and bow and arrow

ONE ON ONE

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

puter existed except the only one in the Engineering department that we had never seen but again it was rumoured that it was the size of a lorry. You may by now surmise that I belong to the analogue or Vasco da Gama age. But in 1980 Stanley Kebathi and I introduced computers to our office. We were the first generation to be trained by a South Africa architect on Archi-CAD. So I graduated from “Studiomaster T-Square” and catapulted us from analogue generation practices to near dot.com age. I remember writing an article on the use of ArchiCAD in the architectural magazine then, which may be an important read.

Floor and roof plan of the Tanzanian Parliament

Fortunately for me I have always pursued my profession with

We later moved to a 28ft x 8ft rented office at Diamond

undivided passion. The first project

Trust House. The office could fit only one table and Stan-

for which I charged fees was when

ley and I shared it. The table is part of the archives now.

we were students in third year in

After several years, we moved to City Hall Annex. Here

1973; Stanley and I were requested

we rented a much bigger office. I have kept a record of my

to do a project by a Christian para-

early work.

church institution for which we

Most of our projects came from the Church. I guess no-

earned Ksh.300. I still have a copy of

body else could trust young inexperienced men with large

the drawings, which look very sim-

projects save the Methodist and Presbyterian leadership

plistic. I bought a pair of the then fashionable “bell-bottom” or “flares”

who trusted us with work perhaps because they knew us from the University days. In 1980 we opened an office in Botswana. We soon closed

trousers.

it because our families were very young and could not afford to have us out for long.

Then on February 28th 1978 af-

After about 25 years in practice, my family visited Tanzania. We were im-

ter two years of working, we opened

pressed by taxi drivers who were very kind and not demanding. They spoke fluent

our office. First, Stanley and I used

Swahili “Naomba,” “Pole kwa uchovu” “Pole kwa safari.” I returned back to Dar and

to meet in a cafeteria in town since

registered a firm after undertaking an interview and being registered by the local

our office was portable. We did not

professional body.

have much income to rent offices

In the same year-1999, a competition for the design of Tanzania Parliament was

yet we sketched and designed. Lat-

floated. I entered the competition and we won. But it was not until 2004 that Tan-

er we were given one room by the

zania Government decided to undertake the project when we were formally com-

Methodist Church near the halls of

missioned to undertake the work.

residence and immediately started

The Government of Tanzania offered to take us anywhere we felt there was a

operating from there. Later on, the

resemblance of parliament architecture. At different times, we travelled to Cape

room was turned to a washroom and

Town in South Africa, Sydney in Australia, Barcelona in Spain, Scotland and Lon-

there went our offices!

don, all in search of clues on Parliament Architecture. I concluded that one required

ONE ON ONE

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

God’s guidance and principles to accomplish political iconic projects. It was simply mind-boggling. In 2004, Kenya Government also floated a competition to modernise the current National Assembly. We also wonthis was becoming the beginning of now... The modernisation of an existing building is tough. There were too many unknown challenges. The building technology involved was enormous and the set timelines dazzling. This project boasting of the digital congress network system and red seats is now complete and occupied. Soon after completing Tanzania parliament we also submitted a proposal for Pan African Parliament in Cape Town, and East African Community headquarters. We got third place for our submission for EAC. At the moment I am involved in two projects in the region: one is The interior of the Kenyan Parliament as redesigned by K&M Archplans

a thirty-five floor commercial project for Tanzania Ports Authority. This project is under construction. I am also involved in the

publish a book on “Parliaments and

design and supervision of ultra-modern Mwanza Com-

their Architecture – Design, Art and

mercial Complex. This four level project has 50,000

Technology.” The book is available

square metres (yes!) of shopping space and contains

and has been published by “Images

escalators and panoramic lifts. This project is currently

of Australia” Publishing house. Pub-

on the first floor level.

lishing is very involving particularly

The other project that I am currently involved in is

publishing technical books but I am

the design of Kilimanjaro Towers. This is a twin tower

grateful to my wife, children, and

project, 22 floors and 12 floors owned by the Tanzania

colleagues who gave me a lot of en-

Government on two acre plot at Upper Hill Nairobi.

couragement.

This project is at design stage.

Yes, I have a wife Grace Kimathi

Doors were opening. When all this is going on in

and four children (actually adult

one’s life, there is this need to find an outlet to express

children) and three grandchildren.

oneself. One such natural one is writing. Through the

She is an author who has learnt ar-

support of my family and friends, I have been able to

chitecture through osmosis. I am 67 years now though still feeling young. I do not see how you can enjoy architecture if you are not close to your family. If not for any other reason, you will need their comfort when clients are very tough on you or when you lose in a competition.

The Tanzanian Parliament from outside

The light well within the Tanzania parliament

ONE ON ONE

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

I have read extensively on archi-

profession. The only thing worry-

in mind that a poor man is one who

tecture. In any city I visited, I first

ing me is the influx of designs from

has money only. Do not forget your

enter the bookshop and spend part

Asia pulled from the internet which

family and friends even when you

of my per diem mostly on books.

are dotting our landscape. You see

get where you want to be.

I have managed to build a good li-

rooms with no external windows.

brary. I also use my i-PAD extensive-

This happens a lot with countries

ly to look for information that I need

which are over populated and have

and watch videos related to archi-

no extra space to build. Singapore

tecture. Since I have had an oppor-

is a case in point. I think we need

tunity to travel extensively, I have

to continue to develop our own ar-

visited many buildings that I consid-

chitecture. Otherwise we are going

er inspiring. I am still fascinated by

to have structures with no serious

the works of Antonio Gaudi. I have

meaning to us at all. This is a bad

seen the work of Santiago Calatrava

trend.

in France and many more. But I am

My dream now is to be with

more of a Gaudi person. Most of my

my wife and go through our sunset

work uses circular geometry. And a

years gracefully. However I do have

bit organic. I find it more interesting

a serious desire to pass on what I ac-

and friendly. Nature also has a lot of

quired over the years to young archi-

influence on my work. Conceptually,

tects. I have no secrets concerning

the Tanzania Parliament is a tradi-

architecture which I want to hide

tional circular hut. The Tanzania

from other architects. I have a burn-

Ports Authority abstracted from a

ing passion to mentor the younger

boat and the Mwanza Market is a

architects. This is what I want to do

lake fish.

in the next few years.

I have not deliberately chosen ar-

I do have a lot of respect for lo-

eas of specialization. I am however

cal architects and their work. Most

very conversant with Parliaments

of them are my college-mates. Alan

and their technologies. The technol-

Simu, Stanley Kebathi, Reuben Mut-

ogy is very challenging. I am now

iso, James Gitoho, Francis Mungai

comfortable with high rise commer-

and our senior brothers David Mutiso

cial projects. I did not have a lot of

and James Waweru are all architects

experience before. I had thought I

of repute. I also have respect and ad-

would be designing hospitals which

miration for young architects whose

I did initially but they have now

good work I see as I move around the

evaded me.

city.

Fact-File: Profession: Architecture, Public Health, Environmental Assessment and Audit. Two offices. Nairobi K & M Archplans Ltd and K & M Archplans (T) Ltd Dar-es – Salaam. Favourite Breakfast: Porridge, Arrow roots, sweet potatoes, uji, plenty of fruits. No chips and sausages. Favorite bird: African Tracco. Most inspiring person: Athlete John Steven Ahkwari of Tanzania.

I play golf but I am not an ad-

I don’t know whether there are

dict or a professional. I really do not

earthly forces which have moulded

take it as a hobby either but rather

me except that what I have been

as an exercise which I need. Though

able to accomplish can all be attrib-

I have no pet project, the Tanzania

uted to God’s grace. Parting shot- be

Pets: Miniature poodle, and a cat.

Parliament gave me a lifetime chal-

passionate about your work. Main-

lenge.

tain your integrity and establish

Places I would like to visit: South America and Mongolia

The younger architects are bet-

Godly principles to guide you be-

ter placed to tell the state of the

cause character is important. Keep

My best book in architecture: New organic architecture – the breaking wave by David Pearson.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

THE BIG DEAL ABOUT

ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS By Ruth Maina in collaboration with Marja Edelman and Petra Heusser

The building sector accounts globally for 42% of electricity use. In

lations, as well as the expansion of

used the short term to meet this

existing cities.

demand, which results in increased

Africa however, it is estimated that

In East Africa, the supply of

pollution and high electricity costs. .

urban buildings alone consume on

electricity is far below the demand.

According to experts, approxi-

average 56% of the total generated

Over 65% of the power supply in

mately 70% of the energy used in a

electricity. This is more than the

the region comes from hydropower

building can be saved if efficiency

transport or the industrial sector’s

plants whose effective capacity is

measures are put in place.

consumption.

being heavily affected by changing

Though the intervention towards

With increasing urbanization,

climatic conditions. With increasing

energy efficiency and renewable en-

the number and size of buildings in

electricity demand, new generation

ergy is a process that requires time,

urban areas will increase, resulting

need to be brought in. Although re-

some of the countries in the region

in a higher demand for electricity

newable sources of electricity such

have already taken important steps

and other forms of energy commonly

as geothermal or wind provide elec-

to reach energy efficiency. In Kenya,

used in buildings. Africa’s rate of ur-

tricity at a much lower cost, their

for example, the Ministry of En-

banization of 3.5 per cent per year is

capital outlay is large, they are com-

ergy’s “Energy Sector Policy Over-

the highest in the world, leading to

plex and take longer to construct.

view Paper” lays emphasis on the

more urban areas with bigger popu-

Diesel based generation is usually

promotion of energy efficiency and

The UNEP building in Nairobi, designed by Beglin Woods Architects: With 6,000 square meters of solar panels, energy saving lighting, natural ventilation systems and other green features, the office is designed to generate as much electricity as its 1,200 occupants consume. (Ref: Building for the future, a United Nation showcase in Nairobi)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

improved building practices. The project is designed to positively influence current practices in the building sector by initiating a holistic culture of energy efficiency in the building sector that addresses not only the lighting systems, but also the entire building design. It will lead to the promotion of more SBS Building, Strathmore University The building is under process for LEED Certification. The standard provides independent third party verification that a building was designed and built using strategies aimed at achieving high performance in key areas of human and environmental health: sustainable site development, water savings, energy efficiency, materials selection and indoor environmental quality. (Photo credit: Jerusha Ngungui)

sustainable buildings and better in-door comfort for the end users in the region, while reducing energy and bills and maintenance costs along its life span.

conservation in general. In the paper, the Kenyan

The project is working closely with the governments and

Government recognizes the importance of energy

universities to create a reliable database on energy consump-

efficiency as one solution to the energy crisis, both

tion in buildings, per typology and climatic zone. The build-

in the short and the long term. Energy efficiency in

ing code is also subject of revision and will be upgraded with

buildings is mentioned explicitly in the Energy Act

resources efficiency requirements and recommendations.

of 2006, and the issue will be more and more ad-

In the next months, awareness raising campaigns will be

dressed by the new building code. The regulation

launched to induce behavioral change among consumers and

on Solar Water Heaters were gazetted and adopted

clients. The project provides trainings and technical material,

in 2010 making them mandatory for “All premises within the jurisdiction of a local authority with hot water requirements of a capacity exceeding 100 litres per day shall install and use SWH.” Most of energy efficiency and sustainability strategies are born from the hands of architects. These are design decisions, and if taken at the early stage don’t imply any additional costs to the construction and the client. Energy efficiency begins from the very first stages of design and savings can be done right through to operation and maintenance of the building. Addressing these issues, UN-HABITAT in collaboration with UNEP and Governments of the East African Community (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi) has developed a project on “Promoting Energy Efficiency in Buildings in Eastern Africa”. The main goals of this project are twofold: mainstreaming energy efficiency measures into housing policies, building codes, and building practices in East Africa and to achieve considerable decrease of Green House Gas emissions through

Eastgate Building in Harare, Zimbabwe The East gate Mall in Zimbabwe was designed by the architect Mick Pearce in conjunction with engineers at Arup Associates. It is modelled on the way that termites construct their nest to ventilate, cool and heat it entirely through natural means. Eastgate’s ventilation system costs one-tenth that of a comparable air-conditioned building and uses 35 per cent less energy than comparable conventional buildings in Harare. (Photo credit: Mandy Patter)

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

and above all technical assistance for projects willing to include passive and active strategies for energy efficiency in buildings. A financial framework, being developed to stimulate the green building market demand will be available soon. Many countries have successfully implemented policies on energy efficiency in buildings. Important examples are California (U.S.), Germany, Sweden and the UK. Closer to home, an initiative was launched in South African in March 2011 to encourage all citizens to cut their energy consumption by 10%, aiming to inspire and rally the country behind a common goal to save electricity and create a better future. This has led to the development of a green building rating sysThe Banque Marocaine du Commerce Exterieur’s (BMCE) in Rababt and Casablanca by Foster and Partners. According to the practice, the banks’ ‘wrap’ has been designed as a ‘traditional, energy efficient envelope’ which uses ‘local materials and craftsmanship’. As Norman Foster says, the design reinterprets elements of traditional Moroccan architecture, combining these with a contemporary interior that reflects the Bank’s progressive approach to its customers. This blend of ancient principles and modern technology is also reflected in an energy efficient design. The result is a series of buildings that are sustainable and each one, uniquely, of its place.

tem. Additional benefits can be expected from the improved thermal comfort achieved through energy efficiency. The energy saved from buildings on the national level can be redistributed to other areas in need without necessarily increasing production. Hence, the power grid is extended to more consumers without additional new generation capacity. This

in turn benefits the human comfort as well as the national economy. In light of this, the case for green and sustainable buildings is a win-win for all the players in the market. Not only is it good for the environment and the economy, but it improves the innovation of new and exciting construction methods and discovery of new materials. This article is part of the Promoting Energy Efficiency in Building in East Africa (EEBEA) project currently being conducted by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)and UN-Habitat in collaboration with Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the governments of Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi.

Eastgate Building seen from a distance with its charasteristic chimneys

TECHNOLOGY

Applications

for tech-savy architects Compiled by Arch.Wilson Mugambi

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

tomizable collection of images that is more reflective of the way we work today.” It also lets you collaborate with and critique the works of others, integrating you into an architectural community. Best of

With the advent of smart phones, tablets and related gadgets, several applications have been developed to make life a tad bit easier for mankind. Architects have not been left behind in the frenzy and the following are notable applications that any tech-savvy architect should consider having on their device(s).

Dropbox This application isn’t strictly for architects, but if you’re constantly using and sharing heavy images/vid-

all, it’s FREE – it’s however made for ios only. http:// mymorpholio.com/site.php

Houzz Called the “Wikipedia of interior and exterior design,” Houzz is a huge database of home design photos that you can save to a virtual idea book. Kind of like Pinterest, but exclusively for home design ideas. http://www.houzz.com/

eos/documents, you’ll be glad you installed Dropbox. It’s basically that place in the “cloud” where you can save all your stuff – so you don’t bog down your computer with it – and then share it easily. All for free! https://www.dropbox.com/

AutoCAD WS One of the few application truly made for the needs of architects, Autocad WS lets you annotate and revise drawings – whether you’re in the office or in the field – and effortlessly share them with others. Plus, the recently updated versions feature 3D viewing and GPS integration. https://www.autocadws.com/

Google Earth Pro This isn’t an application per se but a program ar-

Instagram The free application that turns anyone into a professional photographer, Instagram can give your project that extra finish to make it shine on Facebook, Twitter, or Tumblr.

chitects can use to carry out site analysis via use of its measurement features, remote surveys and online property data. It can definitely come in handy while calculating setbacks, defining zonal boundaries and su-

http://instagram.com/#

perimposing 3D visuals to

Morpholio

google.co.ke /enterprise /

Created by the five architects behind the Morpholio project, this super cool application seeks to re-imagine the portfolio. As they put it, the application transforms “the users portfolio into a constantly versioning and cus-

the actual site. http://www. earthmaps/earthpro-industry.html#t-aec Courtesy of Google and ArchDaily

MATERIALS COSTS

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

The Joint Building Council Professional Centre Parliament Road, Nairobi

P.O. Box 10670 - 00100 Nairobi, Kenya

Chairman QS. H.G. Nyakundi Tel.020-2713174/2724395 Email:harcons@wananchi.com Vice Chairman QS. H. K. Ngari Tel. Tel.020-3877757, Fax.020-3876336 Email:hngari@ecostafrica.com

Wanjiri House Argwings Kodhek Road Nairobi

Email: jbc@africaonline.co.ke

Secretary Mr. D. L. Raghwani Tel.020-3741778/637, Fax020-341473 Email:laxmanbhai@africaonline.co.ke. Treasurer ARCH. Rita Githuthu Tel.020-2022211 Email:rita@rmarchitects.co.ke

FLUCTUATIONS CLAUSE PRICE LIST FOR DECEMBER 2012 NAIROBI ZONE Price List REF: 12/2012 All prices include current V.A.T. rating and are valid as at 31st December 2012 The prices are published by the Joint Building Council for operation of the Building Contract Fluctuation Clause and where these prices have been cited in the Contract Documents. 01. CEMENT IN BAGS

05. ++ STRUCTURAL STEEL (W.E.F 01.12.2012) TO B.S. 1387

(1442Kg/M3) 20,677/= per cubic metre (14,339/= per ton) F.O.R. W.E.F. 01.03.2009. Index =145.74

02 SAND

CONTRACTS TENDERED FROM 05.04.89

(See Practice No. 89/03)

05.1 Steel Hollow Sections

05.2 Steel Angles 154/16 per Kg.] Index = 259.55(W)

155/70 per Kg.]

3,132/- per cubic metre delivered Nairobi Area (2,175/-per ton W.E.F 01.08.2011). Index = 245.25

06. CONCRETE BLOCK (500 Lbs/Sq.in)(W.E.F. 30.09.10)

SOLID BLOCKS

03 AGGREGATE

06.1 3” x 9” x 18”

59/81 each

2,927/26 per cubic metre (2,030/- per ton)

06.2 4” x 9” x 18”

67/59 each

W.E.F. 01.08.2011. Index = 229.36

06.3 6” x 9” x 18”

86/36 each

06.4 9” x 9” x 18”

128/28 each

06.5 90mm x 190mm x 390mm

06.6 140mm x 190mm x 390mm

06.7 190mm x 190mm x 390mm

89/03 each

06.8 240mm x 190mm x 390mm

128/28 each

04. STEEL REINFORCEMENT (TO B.S. 4449, 4461 AND 4483)

60/29 each} Index = 140.19

04.1

STOCK LENGTHS – EX-MILL (W.E.F. 01.12.2012)

04.1.1

16mm Mild Steel

80/93 per Kg.]

04.1.2

16mm High Tensile Steel

80/93 per Kg.]

Index = 188.98(W)

04.2

FABRIC MESH REINFORCEMENT(CONTRACTS

HOLLOW BLOCKS

TENDERED FROM 16.12.91)(W.E.F. 31.1.2011)

06.9 4” x 9” x 18”

61/16 each] Index = 122.09

(See Practice Note 91/05)

06.10 6” x 9” x 18”

66/63 each] Index = 122.09

Type A 142 Mesh (2.22Kg/M2)

06.11 9” x 9” x 18”

114/45 each] Index = 122.09

57/78 per Kg or 138/27 per M2. Index = 123.75

06.12 140mm x190mm x 390mm 57/98 each] Index = 122.09

06.13 190mm x190mmx390mm

06.14 240mm x190mm x 390mm 114/45 each] Index = 140.20

71/91 each

65/38 each] Index = 122.09

MATERIALS COSTS

07. BUILDING STONE (W.E.F. 01.08.2011)

CONTRACTS TENDERED FROM 05.04.89

(See Practice Note 2011/01)

07.01 140mm x 190mm x 390mm 61/00 each

07.02 190m,m x 190mm x 390mm 62/00 each

Index = 231/96(W)

08. CLAY PRODUCTS (W.E.F. 01.05.2011

(See Practice Note 91/04 and 03/2008)

08.1 90mm partition block 19,720/00 per 1000 x Ruaraka

Factory ] Index = 188.80

08.4 200mm “ “ 69,600/00 per 1000 x Ruaraka

CONTRACTS TENDERED FROM 05.04.89

12.1 IT5 Sheet 0.4mm thick 1403/60 ( 685mm cover width)

Index 121.00

12.2 IT5 Sheet 0.5mm thick 1670/40

(685mm cover width ) Index 118.00

13. VINYLEX FLOOR TILES (W.E.F. 01.06.2005)

13.1 300mm x 300mm tiles 1.6mm 501/12 per sq. metre]

Index = 115.72

13.2 300mm x 300mm tiles 2.0mm 626/40 per sq. metre]

Index = 104.27

Factory ] Index = 158.15

08.3 160mm “ “ 55,680/00 per 1000 x Ruaraka

12. RESINCOT PLUS IT5 (0.4mm and 0.5mm ) (WEF 31.3.2011) (

08.2 100mm maxspan “ 42,920/00 per 1000 x Ruaraka

Factory ] Index = 94.52

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

Factory ] Index = 173.49

08.5 Mangalore roofing tiles 39,440/00 per 1000 x Ruaraka

14. PVC (LG) DRAINPIPES TO B.S. 4514 (W.E.F. 01.02.2008)

14.1 110mm diameter 609/00 per six metre ]

Index = 142.90

14.2 150mm diameter 1,322/40 per six metre ]

Index = 148.71

Factory ] Index = 209.29 09. CORRUGATED ASBESTOS CEMENT SHEETING (13.06.2003) (See Practice Note NO.04/2008)

09.1 Super Seven 1.5 metres long 607/84 per sheet]

09.2 Super Seven 2.0 metres long 812/00 per sheet ]

Index = 98.31

09.3 Super Seven 2.5 metres long 1,016/16 per sheet

Index = 98.31

09.4 Super Seven 3.0 metres long 1,215/63 per sheet]

Index = 98.31

15. P.V.C. PIPES (WASTE & SOIL) AND FITTING

(W.E.F. 01.02.2008)

CONTRACTS PRIOR TO 30.04.2002

15.1 110 mm diameter 609/00 per six metre] Index = 796.88

15.2 150 mm diameter 1,348/50 per six metre] Index = 920.98

CONTRACTS AFTER 30.04.2002

15.3 110 mm diameter 609/00 per six metre] Index = 202.30

15.4 150 mm diameter 1,348/50 per six metre]

Index = 236.42

16. GALVANISED MILD STEEL PIPES AND FITTINGS

10. G.C.I. SHEETING (W.E.F. 01.01.2010)(

(W.E.F. 01.07.2009)

PRACTICE NOTE 89/02)

CONTRACTS PRIOR TO 30.04.2002

10.1 Corrugated Sheet 0.40mm thick 648.40 per M

16.1 110 mm diameter 1,543/00 per metre] Index = 456.82

16.2 150 mm diameter 2,487/00 per metre] Index = 402.75

(762mm cover width) ] Index = 214.55

CONTRACTS AFTER 30.04.2002

10.2 Corrugated Sheet 0.50mm thick 817.80 per M

(762mm cover width) ] Index = 210.21

16.3 110 mm diameter 2,593/31 per metre] Index = 175.63

16.4 150 mm diameter 4,263/97 per metre] Index = 158.78

11. RESINCOT 1.T.4 AND I.T.5 SHEETS (W.E.F. 22.02.2011)

(CONTRACTS TENDERED FROM 05.04.89) ( IT4 is no

17. TIMBER (W.E.F.01.03.2011) (See Practice Note No. 88/02)

longer in production. WEF 31.1.2011, the prices of IT5 shall

17.1 100 x 75mm Cypress 219/75 per M1] Index = 190.86

be used)

17.2 100 x 75mm Mahogany + Mvule + Mninga 689/00

11.1 I.T.5 Sheet 0.40mm thick 871/16 per M

(685mm cover width)] Index = 174.23

11.2 I.T.5 Sheet 0.50mm thick 1091/56 per M (685mm cover width)] Index = 174.56

per M1] Index = 116.77

17.3 Blockboard not exceeding 25mm thick 1013/89 per

M2] Index = 189.13

MATERIALS COSTS

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

18. PAINT (W.E.F. 30.04.2011)

Labour content is evaluated as follows:

18.1 Plastic Emulsion 2,234/16 per 4 litres ex Factory]

Index = 168.17

31.12.1995.

18.2 Enamel Paint 2,650/60 per 4 litres ex Factory]

A. At 25.00% of Builders work for jobs tendered prior to

Index = 164.53

B. At 20.00% of Builders work for jobs tendered from

19. CONCRETE ROOFING TILES (W.E.F. 01.01.2009)

01.01.1996 to 31.03.1998.

C. At 19.00% of Builders work for jobs tendered from 01.04.1998.

(See Practice Note No. 91/01)

PRICE = 511/97 per M2 } Index = 127.83

23. INDEXING (W.E.F. 13.06.2003)

20. BITUMEN AND MASTIC ASPHALT (W.E.F. 01.12.2012)

PRICE INDEX 100.00

For new tenders effective 1

May 2002, fluctuations shall be

(See Practice Note No. 91/02 and 91/03)

evaluated using indices (Practice Note No. 2002/01).

CONTRACTS PRIOR TO 30.04.2002

20.1 Bitumen 111,360/00 per ton ] Index = 777.55

PRACTICE NOTES

20.2 Mastic Asphalt 49,366/12 per ton ] Index = 624.81

NO. 01/2009 MATERIAL AND LABOUR CONSOLIDATED PRICE INDICES:

CONTRACTS AFTER 30.04.2002

20.3 Bitumen 111,360/00 per ton ] Index = 294.92

20.4 Mastic Asphalt 49,366/12 per ton ] Index = 213.83

Practice Note No. B3 dealing with projects tendered after 1 May 2002 should be amended to read “For projects tendered after st

1 May 2002, the new method of evaluating fluctuations using 21.++MONTHLY INTEREST RATE APPLICABLE TO DELAYED

indices is recommended but the method using absolute prices

PAYMENTS

can be applied as well. In all cases only one method to be

(See Practice Note No. 2000/01)

applicable to particular project.

1.5 PERCENT PER MONTH (W.E.F. 01.01.2012)

22.++ LABOUR (BASIC MINIMUM WAGE RATE PER NORMAL

NO. 2011/01

With effect from 31 January 2011, the use of imperial units for

BUILDING STONE st

WORKING DAY MON. – SAT.)

the description of stone has been changed to metric. The index

•

remains unchanged.

NAIROBI, MOMBASA AND KISUMU 2012 Labourers

• •

Shs. 416.00

The Area of all municipalities, all towns and urban

NO. 2011/02 IT4 ROOFING SHEETS

councils

Shs. 411.00

IT4 roofing sheets are no longer in production. Therefore the

All other Areas

Shs. 411.00

prices of IT5 will apply with effect from 31.1.2011.

In accordance with the Memorandum of Agreement between

NO. 2011/03 BITUMEN ( ITEM 20 )

the Kenya Association of Building and Civil Engineering

The correct price of Bitumen was Kshs 95,120/00 and not 95/20.

NO. 2012 TOTAL CONSTRUCTION PROJECT COST

Contractors and the Kenya Building Construction and Allied th

Workers Union dated 20

June 2011 and registered by th

Industrial Court Ref RCA No. 174 OF 2011 dated 13 July 2011,

For the purpose of computing professional fees, the total

the revised Basic Daily Rates with effect from 1 January 2012,

construction cost shall be determined as per Practice Note no.

are as above. In assessing the overall percentage increase

2012/01

consideration has been given to Housing, Travel Allowance, N.S.S.F. Contribution, Annual Leave, Sick Leave with Pay and

NOTE xx Denotes new items

Medical treatment allowance, and the resultant increase to

++ Denotes revised prices

be applied to labour for the purpose of the Fluctuation Clause

xxx Corrected items

is assessed at 7.37 per cent.

(w) Means weighted average

MEMBERS LISTING

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

Architects Chapter Individual Member Listing FELLOW ARCHITECTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

BRISTOW D.S. (492) CAVANAGH J.A. (804) GITHUNGURI G.N. (824) GITOHO J.N. (889) KAPILA S. (363) KARURI L.G. (1563) KEBATHI S. (839) KIMATHI J. (595) KUNGU P. (950) MULYUNGI G.M. (DR) (1759) MUNGAI F.G. (1040) MUNYANYA M.K. (1758) MUTISO DAVID M. (05) MUTISO R.G.M. (DR) (640) NDONG J.E.O. (741) SIKA P.O. (1515) SIMU A.C.M. (636) J.G. WAWERU (288)

CORPORATE ARCHITECTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38.

ABDI A.M. (2644) ABDULHUSSEIN S.A. (1792) ABDULNASSIR A. M. (2202) ABONYO D. (1690) ABONYO E.O. (1721) ABUNGE O.O. (1505) ACHARYA T.S. (1931) ADEDE G.O. (1701) ADEGA B.O. (2530) ADAMJEE M.F. (2533) AGWARO K.O. (2381) AGUTTU M.I.A.(2851) AHMED A.M. (2695) AIZPUN F. (1830) AKATSA A. (1279) ALI L.I.(2655) ALOYO P. (3119) ANDREWS T.J. (847) ANGORE P.D.(320) ANJARWALLA S.(2520) ANYAMBA T. (919) ARCHER J.H. (475) ASIENGA EBOLE (2013) ATKINS W.G. (1790) BABU O.S. (2585) BAMRAH K. (1753) BASHIR A.M. (241) BEGLIN D.W. (500) BENGO J. (951) BHULLER M.S (670) BISHER F.A. (2372) BOWMAN T.S. (1856) BURER C. (2466) BUSOLO W.S.W. (750) BUSURU R.M. (1130) BWIRE W.S.B (1425) CHANDABHAI A.T.I. (2406 CHANGILWA S.A. (1464)

39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.

CHARFARE A.A. (2415) CHEWE S.N. (1666) CHUDHA J.S. (054) DAVEY P.R. (1789) DECHE A. (1811) DESAI S. A. (1386) DIANG’A S. (828) EBRAHIM Y.H. (1177) MS. EL MAAWY M. A. (1452) ESHANI M. (1472) FARRANT G. (879) MS. FERNANDES S.B. (1189) GAAL T. (090) GACHANJA J.K. (2429) GACHERU C.K. (1137) GATABAKI J.M. (2831) GATAI H.M. (2386) GATHAGA P.W. (1925) GATHECHA N.N. (3060) GATHECHA WAWERU (2084) GATIMU D.N. (1269) GATOME M.H. (2847) GATUKU N.N. (1764) GIKERA I.M. (2681) GICHUKI G.R. (1984) GICHOHI J.N. (1312) GICHUHI F.M. (1559) GICHUHI J.M.I. (1380) GICHUHI S.M. (2380) GICHUGU E.G.(2515) GICHUKI A.T.O. (873) GICHURI O.W.M. (1795) GITAHI M.W.(2726) GITAU D.K. (2072) GITAU G.G.M. (457) GITAU H.N. (2536) GITHENDU J.G.(2344) GITHAIGA A.G. (1207) GITHATU F.G.(2548) GITHIRI G.M. (3281) GITHUTHU R. (MS) (2141) GOKO G.M. (2917) GONO E.J.O. (2305) GOVANI S.T.M. (350) GREMLEY A.J. (2182) GRONLYKKE T. (1465) GUCHU J.K. (2155) HALAI K.K. (2124) HAMEED S. (748) HAMZALI T. (1762) HASHIM N.O. (1981) IKINU O.W. (1746) IRIMBA A.K. (3186) IRERI J.G.(2504) JASPAL SINGH (2409) JETHWA J. (1390) JOHNSON S.H. (777) MBURU J.M (2201) KABBAU R.N.K. (1997) KABIRU M.N. (1221) KABUTU J.W. (2749)

100. KAMAU F.G. (2157) 101. KANANI J.G. (1031) 102. KARIUKI S.M. (2807) 103. KARUGA VICTORIA (2737) 104. KIGADA E.E. (2595) 105. KAGIMBI J.N. (1705) 106. KAGIRI G.K. (2078) 107. KAHINGA S.K. (1763) 108. KAHUTHU C.G. (2691) 109. KAHURA C.M. (1634) 110. KAIRIMA MAGAMBO (2080) 111. K ALSI J.S. (1423) 112. KAMAU T. (3188) 113. KAMAU D.G. (2443) 114. KAMAU J.W.K. (1213) 115. KAMAU M.M.(2672) 116. KAMAU I.R. (2679) 117. KAMARU E.K. (1923) 118. KAMASI M.A. (2510) 119. KAMWERU G.K. (2750) 120. KANIARU J.M. (1722) 121. KANYUE P.E. (848) 122. KARAMA Y.B. (2647) 123. KARAGO J. (1341) 124. KARANJA D.K. (2891) 125. KARANJA W.M. (944) 126. KARIUKI D.M. (1821) 127. KAROGI J.K. (908) 128. KASANGA S.M. (2468) 129. KATUA C.M. (1557) 130. KELLY P.T (302) 131. KHAN A. L. (1311) 132. KHANDWALLA A. A. (701) 133. KHAZENZI S.L (957) 134. KIAI S.K. (2321) 135. KIARA J.P.K. (2844) 136. KIBAARA I.M. (2616) 137. KIBISU L.L. (2716) 138. KIEMA M.M. (2318) 139. KIBE G.M. (2819) 140. KABIRU M.N. (1221 141. KIBOWEN K.C. (2615) 142. KIBUE S.N. (DR.) (MS) (1186) 143. KIBWAGE J. (1176) 144. KIGAI E.K. (2587) 145. KIGONDU S. (1326) 146. KIILU M.N. (2596) 147. KIILU D.M. (1315) 148. KIMANGA S.K.(2714) 149. KIMANI A. (1888) 150. KIMANI D.K. (2085) 151. KIMANI J.W. (888) 152. KIMEU M. (1938) 153. KIMUYU S.K. (991) 154. KINYUA E.G. (2736) 155. KINYUA S.M. (1995) 156. KINUTHIA S.N. (2535) 157. KIOKO M. (2640) 158. KIPKETER J. (1614) 159. KIPRONO J.M.(1371) 160. KIPSAG T. (1629)

161. KIPTOON W.C. (964) 162. KIRATHE E.M. (1939) 163. KISIENYA K.B.(3221) 164. KITHAKA J.M (2308) 165. KITHAKYE D.I. (749 166. KITHIKA J. (1106) 167. KOECH M.K. (1801) 168. KOMBE K. (1880) 169. KOMORA S.(2418) 170. KUNDU P.W. (1519) 171. KUREBA N.N. (1034) 172. KURIA J.G.M.K. (2680) 173. KURIA-GATHONI E.J. (710) 174. KYULE B.M. (1849) 175. LADU M.B. (1521) 176. LALL C.J.S. (529) 177. LEE-SMITH D. (DR) (1167) 178. LATI FELIX (2445) 179. LIKU E.K. (948) 180. LORD M.A. (1560) 181. LUKWAGO J.M. (702) 182. LULU A.M. (752) 183. LUTTA J. C. (1733) 184. MACHARIA J.N. (1669) 185. MACHARIA S.M. (1779) 186. MACKENZIE N.P. (1012) 187. MAHINDA I.W.W. (2303) 188. MAGANGA A.M. (2529) 189. PROF. MAGUTU G.J. (1014) 190. MAINA DUNCAN (2174) 191. MAINA E.K. (3211) 192. MAINA J. (1401) 193. MAINA W (1883) 194. MAINA KARANJA (878) 195. MAINGI P.M. (1695) 196. MANJI A.A.(2508) 197. MAKACHIA P.A. (1141) 198. MAMDANI M.A. (826) 199. MANDA H.G. (1327) 200. MANDUKU D. (2015) 201. MANGURO R.O.(2543) 202. MANKU G.S. (1920) 203. MAREIRA F.M. (2727) 204. MARTINS P.S.G. (822) 205. MARUTI E.K. (1043) 206. MARSHALL J.(1847) 207. MASILA G.P. (2008) 208. MATASYO J (954) 209. MATHAROO S.S. (1139) 210. MATHENGE A.W.(3169) 211. MATHENGE J.W.(2423) 212. MATOLE D.K.(2599) 213. MAWEU C.J.M. (2142) 214. MBICHA S.(1882) 215. MBINDA J.J.M. (548) 216. MBITI I.M.(2660) 217. MBOGO D.C. (2390) 218. MBUGUA H.K. (3096) 219. MBUGUA N. (891) 220. MRS. MBUGUA R.W. (1413) 221. MBURATHI K.(2581)

MEMBERS LISTING 222. MBURU G.I. (1217) 223. MBURU J.M. (1192) 224. MBUVI M.M.(1428) 225. MBOSHI S.M. (1083) 226. MCHARO L.B. (2645) 227. MECCA J.P. (2438) 228. M. M. KAGWANJA(2176) 229. MICHIRE D.M. (2528) 230. MILIKAU E.S.(2010) 231. MILOYO E.K.(2512) 232. MISIANI C.A.O. (960) 233. MISTRY L.K. (107) 234. MOCHACHE J.M (DR) (705) 235. MONG’ARE S.G. (1388) 236. MOTANYA D.O. (2156) 237. MPAAYEI T.T. (1463) 238. MRUTTU O.S.(2738) 239. MRUTTU I. (542) 240. MUANGE V.N. (1668) 241. MUCHERU S.K. (2416) 242. MUCHILWA M.S. (1994) 243. MUCHIRI D.T. (834) 244. MUCHOGU J.W. (2517) 245. MUGA I. (1781) 246. MUGWANJA M.M. (1990) 247. MUIRURI I.N. (3282) 248. MUKABWA E.M.(2665) 249. MUKEKU J (2134) 250. MULI PIUS (2077) 251. MULI S.K. (1211) 252. MUNDIA T.G. (3097) 253. MUNANO AIDAH NJERI (984) 254. MUNGAU K.J.S.A. (2593) 255. MUNENE G.W. (2140) 256. MUNGAI C.M. (1562) 257. MUNGAI W. (1293) 258. MURAYA K.P. (1362) 259. MURIGU J.M. (1832) 260. MURIITHI J.M. (2843) 261. MURIUKI D.K. (1415) 262. MURATHE G.K. (1940) 263. MUSEMBI M. (1798) 264. MUTUA MWEU (1926) 265. MUSYOKI N. (931) 266. MUSUVA M.W. (2421) 267. MUTAI E.K.(2501) 268. MUTAKAA J. (2306) 269. MUTHUSI P.M. (1743) 270. MUTIE C.M. (2892) 271. MUTISO E.K. (2106) 272. MUTUA JACKSON (2193) 273. MUTUKU J.N. (1745) 274. MUTUKU MUTUA (2102) 275. MUTUNGA J.M.F. (1143) 276. MUTURI C.N. (1282) 277. MUYA C.K. (747) 278. MUSUNGA M. (2382) 279. MWACHARO M.S. (1628) 280. MWALYO F.N.(2653) 281. MWALUKWARE W.M. (892) 282. MWANGI E.I.W (2591) 283. MWANGI L.M. (1219) 284. MWANGI M.N. (3210) 285. MWANGI S G (2123) 286. MWANGI S.W.(1265) 287. MWANGI B.G. (2337) 288. MWATHI J.M. (442)

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013 289. MWATU O.K. (2806) 290. MWAURA A.M. (1788) 291. MWAURA N.K.(2411) 292. MWENDWA N.M. (1914) 293. MWIHIA J.M.(2509) 294. MWILU S.M. (2635) 295. MWITI G. (1922) 296. MWORIA K.S. (945) 297. NAGDA B.N. (1667) 298. NAICCA C.M.(2507) 299. NAMULANDA D.M. (2320) 300. NANDRA H.S. (648) 301. NASIR ALI (1556) 302. NDAMBUKI D.M. (2376) 303. NDANU R.M.M. (2583) 304. NDARUA P.G. (430) 305. NDEGE L.K. (3102) 306. NDERITU P.A.M. (2424) 307. NDETA B.S. (2099) 308. NDIACHA L (1837) 309. NDUNGO J.M. (3195) 310. NDUNGU C.N. (1851) 311. NDUNGU D.K. (1209) 312. NEWA F.O. (1808) 313. NG’ANG’A G. M. (1182) 314. NGATIA E.M.(3108) 315. NGIBUINI S.N. (793) 316. NGODA D.K. (2326) 317. NGUMUTA M.N.(2503) 318. NGUNJIRI F.K. (1404) 319. PROF. NGUNJIRI P.G.(1322) 320. NGUURI MURIMI (2163) 321. NIXON R.A. (1275) 322. NJAGI H.K. (1918) 323. NJAGAH M.N. (2683) 324. NJENDU G.M.M. (2153) 325. NJENDU K.J.G. (729) 326. N JENGA D.K.(2534) 327. NJERU J.M. (2811) 328. NJERU P.M.(2502) 329. NJIHIA G.K. (2531) 330. NJOROGE J.W.(2022) 331. NJUGUNA B.M. (2454) 332. NJUGUNA F.K. (1038) 333. NJUGUNA N. (1387) 334. NJUGUNA M. A. (2181) 335. NJUE M.G. (1435) 336. NTARANGUI T.N. 337. NUGI K. (486) 338. NUNGARI F.N. (1631) 339. NYAGA C.W. (2500) 340. NYAGA D.K. (2546) 341. NYAGA J.N.(2516) 342. NYAMATO S.O. (2342) 343. NYAMORI E.O. (1622) 344. NYANJA G.B (732) 345. NYANDIEKA B.J. (1853) 346. NYAMACHE M. (1613) 347. NYARIKI W.M. (1343) 348. NYAUNDI A.M.(1215) 349. NYONGESA A.W.(2451) 350. NYONGESA B.L. (2539) 351. NYONGESA C.M. (1470) 352. NZIOKA S.N. (933) 353. OBALA P.O. (2748) 354. OBANYI D (1850) 355. OBIRI J.W. (1689) 356. OBUNGA-ODHIAMBO (1082)

357. OBURA D.O. (1707) 358. OCHIENG’ C.C. (1228) 359. OCHIENG F.F. (1424) 360. OCHIENG R.O. (1218) 361. OCHIENG V.M (2173) 362. OCHONG’ D.O.W. (1200) 363. ODAWO F.O. (1819) 364. ODERA J.A. (637) 365. ODHIAMBO A. (1082) 366. ODHIAMBO T.O. (1670) 367. ODHIAMBO J.R (942) 368. ODINYO A.E. (2823) 369. ODULA T.M.A. (2135) 370. ODUNDO G.O. (1226) 371. ODUOR E.A.(2302) 372. ODUORI R. (2133) 373. OGAI I.L.O. (1760) 374. OGETO C.D.O. (1930) 375. OGOLLA A.C.O. (2089) 376. OGOLLA B.J. (1187) 377. OGOLI D.M.(1188) 378. OGUNDE O.O. (1810) 379. OGWANG’ G. (2325) 380. OGONJE A.O. (3110) 381. OGWAPIT S. (2136) 382. OHAWA E.K. (2379) 383. OINO E.J. (1950) 384. OJWANG’ P.O.(2518) 385. OKELLO J.F.(1846) 386. OKELLO N.J.O. (2934) 387. OKINDA J.T.(1087) 388. OKOTH T.O. (1406) 389. OLAWO G. (1885) 390. OLUOCH J.O. (2527) 391. OMBACHI V. (1860) 392. OMAR K.M (1873) 393. OMENYA A.O.(Dr.) (2597) 394. OMUMBO J. (1375) 395. ONGUTO O.O. (2446) 396. ONYANGO D.A. (2863) 397. ONYANGO M.O. (1630) 398. ONYANGO P.O. (2881) 399. ONYOYO M.B. (2818) 400. OPIYO G.O. (2751) 401. OPON P.N. (1815) 402. OSORO K.K.(2636) 403. OSIAGO P.V. (2328) 404. OSIAGO P.V. (2328) 405. OSIDIANA D.N.(2526) 406. OTIENO E.K.(2437) 407. ORINA A.M. (1809) 408. OTIENO K.O. (1220) 409. OUKO T.J.O.(2592) 410. OUNDO S. (1890) 411. OWENDE M. (1986) 412. OYARO O.E. (1728) 413. OYUGI A.O. (2319) 414. OWINO J.O. (3064) 415. OWOKO R.M. (1199) 416. PANDYA P. (1026) 417. PATEL N.S. (1467) 418. PATEL J.M. (483) 419. PATEL R. P. (758) 420. PATEL V.K.L. (657) 421. PATEL M. (1280) 422. PATEL P.V. (1516) 423. QADRI S.Y.A (2641) 424. RALWALA A.O.(2410)

425. RAI J.N. (2146) 426. RAI J.N. (1734) 427. RAJNOVIC PREDRAG (2329) 428. RAVAL V.K. (407) 429. REHAL S.S. (1813) 430. RIMBER D.M. (1450) 431. ROMANI A.M.(1477) 432. RUKWARO W.R (1313) 433. SAMOKA K.O. (3228) 434. SANG J.K.(2455) 435. SARDELLI G.A. (242) 436. SARDELLI M. (2083) 437. SARDUL S. (429) 438. SARNA Y. (1041) 439. SHAH S.Z. (746) 440. SANCHEZ URKO (2654) 441. MRS. SHARMA N. (1566) 442. SHIHEMEBSA L.(952) 443. SIFA MAHALI R. (2109) 444. SIFUMA D. (1704) 445. SIKHILA H.W.(2876) 446. SINGH M.G. (1466) 447. SINGH MAYANK (2715) 448. SINHA A. (1861) 449. SITUMA D.W. (1564) 450. SONGORO D.O.(2614) 451. MRS. SOIN R.K. (1030) 452. SUERO I.M. (2164) 453. SYENGO K.M. (3223) 454. PATEL SUJESH (2194) 455. TARMOHAMED N.E. (1383) 456. THARA M. N. (997) 457. THATTHI P.S. (975) 458. THIGITI D.M. (1731) 459. THIONG’O K. (943) 460. THOMAS P.D. (808) 461. THUMBI S.M.(2646) 462. TOROITICH C.K. (2307) 463. VAGADIA G.M. (912) 464. VAULKHARD T.G. (275) 465. VIRDEE A.S. (1653) 466. WACHIRA P.N. (2137) 467. WACHIRA K.S. (1328) 468. WAGAIYU E.K. (806) 469. WAHEED A. (712) 470. WAHINYA. C. N. (2537) 471. WAHOME C.N. (3283) 472. WALIA T.S. (683) 473. W’MOSI N.O. (1033) 474. WAMBETE SOITA (2374) 475. WAMBUA J.M. (2405) 476. WAMBUGU M.M. (893) 477. WAMWANGI J.M. (1118) 478. WANYOIKE F.M. (1475) 479. WANYONYI J. (832) 480. WAITITU L.M. (2097) 481. WASILWA P.O. (2154) 482. WASIKE P.S. (1029) 483. WAZIRI M.S. (1822) 484. WEBB S.M. (293) 485. WERE C. (3109) 486. WETUNGU C.M. (2824) 487. WILLIAM K.K. (2735) 488. WILL P.A. (563) 489. WOODS S.R. (1078)

MEMBERS LISTING RESIDENT (NON) CORPORATE ARCHITECTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

MRS. COLLINS D.K. (823) KAMYA P. (342) KAISI KALAMBO (1065) KARANJA K. (1530) KATATUMBA G.W. (219) JOSEPH KEDOGO (2191) KIMANI D. G. (2130) MEHTA H.S. (1518) M’GITHAE B.N. (1230) MODU O.G. (978) MOORES P.C. (3222) MUHWEZI J.K. (635) MUTUA J.A. (1703) OMORO A.B.O. (1524) SEHMI H.S. (630) SENDIWALA G. (1854) SSENDIWALA G.W. (1854) SURE J. (2145) WAMBUGU F.W. (1096)

LICENTIATE ARCHITECTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

ABINCHA A.S. (2399) ATER M.O. (1770) BARASA I. B (2228) DEYA E.O. (2166) GATUNDU J.W. (1767) GIKANDI J.W. (2730) KAMAU J.N. (2184) MABIA G.K.(2343) MAJIMBO R.B. (3259) MBURU G.K.(2392) MOHAMMED A.M.(2652) MWANGO W.N. (3203) NGIGI L.N.(2464) NYANGWESO M.O (2178) OBEID W.A. (1943) OGORA B.B. (3170) OKICH P.O. (2637) OMOLLO D.E.A. (2204) OTIENO P.G.J. (3095) PATEL K.M.(2463) PATEL R.G. (290) SEHMI A.S. (358) SHISIA W.Y.A. (2375) SIOCHA S.M.(2650) TSENGA D.S.S.M (2322) VIRDEE G.S. (745) WAMBUA A.M. (1982)

RESIDENT GRADUATE ARCHITECTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

ABDI ISMAIL (2820) ACHOLA J. (2408) ACHANDO J.A. (2826) ADAM A.H. (2852) AHMED F.A. (2108) AJWANG’ D.O.(2578) AKALI G.M. (2436) AKUMU A.O.(2584) AMBROSE S.K. (2107) ANDREW D.M.O. (2873) ARAKA S.K. (2900) ASEMBO K.A. (3224) ASUBWA W.N.(2915)

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82.

ATOLA S.(2582) AYUMBA C.M. (3305) BEKELE GETACHEW (1120) BHATT V. HARISH (2131) BHOYYO B.M. (2747) BUYU J.O. (1738) CAROLEI MARCO(2649) CEESAY H.(2739) CHAMIA D.N. (1611) CHEBII K. (1996) CHELIMO T.K.(2549) CHEPKEMOI W. (3296) CHIIRA M.J.M (2719) CHOGE C.K. (3156) CROZE A.L. (1934) DAWA P.O. (3161) DIANG’A C.K. (3159) EBOYI J.I. (3128) EBRAHIMJEE M.Y.(2579) EKAJUL A. (1857) ESSENDI S.M. (3232) ESHIWANI L.N. (2894) ETAMUKU K.O. (2893) FERNANDES K.W. (3124) FRANCIS P.K. (3287) GACHIENGO M.M. (2809) GACHUHI E.K. (2846) GEDA N. (2576) GEHRMANN T.H. (2857 GITAU L.M. (2118) GITHINJI M.S.(2590) GICHUKI D.K. (1706) GICHUHI J.K. (1782) GETONGA F.W. (1942) GOME S.O.(2373) HARIZ K.A.(3274) HIUHU E.N. (2874) IGUNZA A.A.(2545) IKERE J.K. (1504) IMRAN S.W.(3146) IRERI P.M.(2674) IRINA R.D.T.(3212) ISMAIL AHMED (1797) ISOE D.M. (3202) JACKSON M.M. (3303) JUMA J. (3122) KABA W.M.(2115) KABENEI J.C. (2904) KABERE J.W. (2905) KAGIRI P.K.(2657) KAGO J.M. (3201) KAGWI S.G. (2143) KAMANGU J.K. (2896) KAMAU K.M. (3301) KAMAU R.M.N.(2877) KAMUNYU A.M. (3250) KANG’ETHE B.N.(2638) KANYUA C.W.(2413) KARANJA E.W. (3133) KARIITHI J.K. (2338) KARIUKI R.N.(3131) KARIUKI W. (2933) KARUGA K. (3162) KARUGO P.M. (1376) KEEGA J.K. (2385) KEITANY J.K.(2668) KEMBOI V.K.(2648) KETOYO L.M.(3126) KIARAHO D.N. (1817)

83. KIFLETSION M.Z.(2696) 84. KILILO T.L. (2125) 85. KILONZO A.K. (3138) 86. KIMANI D.G. (2130) 87. KIMANI G.N. (3165) 88. KIMANI M.M. (2126) 89. KIMATHI F.M. (2868) 90. KIMURA J.K. (3160) 91. KING’ARU J.K. (3155) 92. KINUTHIA H.M. (2832) 93. KIAMBA L.N. (3135) 94. KIMANI G.N. (3165) 95. KIMANI F.M. (3130) 96. KIMANZI T.N. (2787) 97. KINYINGI J.N.(3309) 98. KINOTI E.K. (2349) 99. KIPYAB C.J.M. (3066) 100. KIPKOROSS S.K. (2188) 101. KIRIAGO L.O. (3152) 102. KITAKA A.K. (3150) 103. KITHEKA J.K. (3266) 104. KOECH F.K. (2404) 105. KOECH N.T. (3284) 106. KORIR M.F. (3183) 107. KORIR N. (3293) 108. KUMO W.O.(2662) 109. KURIAH P.J. (1913) 110. KYAKA J.K. (3290) 111. KYALLO A.M. (2158) 112. KYENGO M.K. (2407) 113. LAGAT D.K. (3304) 114. LATESTE M.O.W. (3153) 115. LENJO P.M. (3129) 116. MABONGA D.W.(2669) 117. MACHARIA A.N.(2588) 118. MAGANGA J.A. (3163) 119. MAIMBA M.W. (3308) 120. MAINA P.G. (2895) 121. MAKALI I.M.(2542) 122. MAKAN EVANS (2907) 123. MAKHULO S.D.M.(2506) 124. MAKORI H.O. (3302) 125. MALONZA J. M. (2310) 126. MANDUKU C.O. (3260) 127. MASEGHE M. T. (2324) 128. MASIKA J.M. (3229) 129. MASINDE R.N.(2580) 130. MATHARU A.S.(2697) 131. MATI M.K. (2692) 132. MATIVO J.K (2116) 133. MATHU J.M. (3226) 134. MATHU W. (2845) 135. MACHARIA F. (1807) 136. MACHARIA S.M. (3134) 137. MAINA R.W. (1510) 138. MAINA R.W. (3262) 139. MAKAU M (3167) 140. MAKAGUTU N.O. (3213) 141. MAONCHA L.M. (2902) 142. MBAKA N.O. (3132) 143. MBIDHI M.O. (2412) 144. MILGO N.C. (3289) 145. MBURUGU R.M. (1045) 146. MBUGUA P.N. (2870) 147. MBURU E.G. (3147) 148. MBURU F.N. (2427) 149. MEDIRATTA K. (2717) 150. MALECHE S.D.(3265) 151. MILGO N.C. (3289)

152. MOGENDI S.D.(3295) 153. MOSHEH J.S. (2871) 154. MPUNGU P.J.(1071) 155. MUCHIRA D.N. @3273) 156. MUCHIRI T.W.(2661) 157. MUDOME T.V. (2323) 158. MUHANDI G.W. (2903) 159. MUIU E.M. (3065) 160. MUIRU J.N.(3164) 161. MUKUI M. (2872) 162. MUNENE G.M. (1937) 163. MUNENE L.M. (3307) 164. MUNYUA A. A. (2183) 165. MUCHAI J.M. (2240) 166. MUGO E.D.G. (1765) 167. MULANG’A M.M.(2514) 168. MUNYA A.S.(2414) 169. MUNG’ARA M.F. (1584) 170. MUNJARU H.L.L.(3271) 171. MUNYOKI J.M. (3270) 172. MURANGIRI D.K. (2784) 173. MURIITHI G.M. (2882) 174. MUSANGI H.W. (3139) 175. MUSEMBI D.M. (3136) 176. MUSYIMI A.T. (2673) 177. MUSYOKA P.M. (3268) 178. MUTEGI S.M.(2676) 179. MUTUA P.M. (3276) 180. MUTURI J.M.(1998) 181. MUTUNGI M.N. (3306) 182. MWAKIO P.M (1702) 183. MWALUKO E.K.(3294) 184. MWAMBEO F.M.(3196) 185. MWANGI A.M. (3137) 186. MWANGI A.N. (2866) 187. MWANGI M.W.(2538) 188. MWANGI C.M.(2505) 189. MWANGI E.I.W.(2591) 190. MWANGI F.G. (1859) 191. MWANGI C.M. (2901) 192. MWANGI C.W. (3285) 193. MWAURA N.K.(2411) 194. MWENDO F.M. (2434) 195. MWINZI J.M.(2521) 196. MWIROTSI L.S. (2828) 197. NAMBATI I.K.(2666) 198. NAJMI M.M. (2419) 199. NAJMI M.M. (3145) 200. NAMWAKIRA A.R.A.(3264) 201. NDARUA A.N. (2127) 202. NDARUA I.N. (3144) 203. NDEGE G.A.(2511) 204. NDICHU S.N.(2686) 205. NDIRANGU D.A.W. (2101) 206. NDUNGU J.B.K. (3166) 207. NDUNG’U J.W. (2855) 208. NDUNGU K.M. (2822) 209. NDUNGU V.M. (2856) 210. NGACAKU K.G.(2448) 211. NG’ANG’A P.K. (3292) 212. NGATIA E.N. (3298) 213. NGENY S (2175) 214. NGUGI J.M.K (2671) 215. NGUNGUI J.N. (2825) 216. NGUNYI S.M. (2858) 217. NGUMBAU G.N. (3272) 218. NGUTI W.W. (3127) 219. NJAGI R.W. (3288) 220. NJENGA E.W. (1884)

MEMBERS LISTING 221. NJERI J.M. (2878) 222. NJERU D.M. (2853) 223. NJERU I.M.(2659 224. NJOROGE S.M.(2589) 225. NJOROGE G.M. (2054) 226. NJOROGE J.N. (2869) 227. NJOKAH P.K. (1780) 228. NJUE P.N. (2694) 229. NYACHWAYA W.N. (2774) 230. NYAGAH A.G. (2312) 231. NYAKANG’U T.O.(3263) 232. NYAMAI M.S. (3267) 233. NYAMWEYA P.J. (2048) 234. NYANGI P.K. (3168) 235. NYAWIRA V.R.(2675) 236. OBWANDA C. (2098) 237. OCHIENG F.O.(2519) 238. ODUOR C.O. (1651) 239. OGINGA J. (2879) 240. OGOLLA M.E.L. (1352) 241. OKELLO O.O. (1694) 242. OKONDA J.N. (2827) 243. OJWANG’I D.B. (2936) 244. OKALEBO S.E.(3269) 245. OKELLO P.O. (3248) 246. OKUTA H.O. (3291) 247. OLAWO A.O. (2428) 248. OMBATI E.N. (3310) 249. OMBIMA V. (2883) 250. OMARIBA K.A.(2453) 251. OMBOTO B.O. (2864) 252. OMONDI R.C. (2935) 253. OMYONGA G.R.(2465) 254. ONDIEK C.O. (2781) 255. ONDIEKI S.O. (3230) 256. ONGUKA L.A. (3300) 257. ONYANGO N.O.(2658) 258. ONYANGO S.O. (3299) 259. ONWONG’A T.O. (2861) 260. OPIATA C.O. (2682) 261. ORECHI A.M. (3297) 262. OTIENO O.N. (3249) 263. OUNDA M.O. (2899) 264. OUYA D.O. (2780) 265. OYUGA J.O.(2670) 266. OYUGI C.O. (3261) 267. OWADE F.M.(2433) 268. OWOUR W.O. (1531) 269. OUNDO J.S.(2432) 270. OTIENO A.O. (3148) 271. REDPATH B.M. (2884) 272. ROTICH T.K.(2667) 273. SANDRA ATEK(2677) 274. SALIM F.A. (2430) 275. SEHMI J.S. (3098) 276. SEMBHI T.S. (3158) 277. SEHMI K.S. (1389) 278. SHAH MEHA (2885) 279. SHAH N.P.(2663) 280. SITATI T. N. (1886) 281. MS. SIRA S.R. (1773) 282. SUTHAR R. R. (3125) 283. SWANYA H.N. (1769) 284. TALAAM J.K. (2854) 285. J.S.(2865) 286. THIMANGU A (1749) 287. THUO K. (1227) 288. THITU J.M. (1621) 289. TIROP A.K. (3225)

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013 290. TOO K.K. (3140) 291. TOROITICH K.K. (2875) 292. VIRDEE S. (2122) 293. WACKER R. (3251) 294. WACHIRA J.W. (1928) 295. WAFULA A.M.(2656) 296. WAMBUA P.K. (2897) 297. WAMBUGU K.M.(2513) 298. WANJALA W.J. (2867) 299. WANYONYI F. (998) 300. WANYONYI G.S.(2452) 301. WATOLA C.A.(2378) 302. WARIITHI P.M. (1970) 303. WAWERU R.K.(2301) 304. WAWERU N. (3121) 305. WEKE S.O.(2678) 306. WEKESA D.S. (2435) 307. WERE E.O. (3149) 308. WALIJEE W.S.(3286) 309. WILLIAM K.K. (2431) 310. WOGOH D.K. (3151) RESIDENT TECHNICIAN ARCHITECTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44.

ABUBAKAR A.W. (3197) ASHINDU L. (3099) BIKERI R.N. (2651) BOLO D.O.(2311) CHHANIYARA B.V.D. (2914) GILL J.S. (843) KABEU J.N. (3252) KABETHI J.N (3253) KADIMA M.W. (2377) P.O. BOX 17160-00100 KAGIINA J.K.(2393) KAMUNGE M.W.(2687) KARIMI A.M. (3233) KIBUCHI D.L. (2814) KINGOO C.W.(2467) KINYANJUI M (2309) KINYUA J.W. (2908) KIPKOECH D.L. (3235) KIPKOROSS S. K. (2188) KUOGOH G.N.(2688) LIMO LEONARD (2721) MAINA P.L.M. (3227) MANYASI C.W. (3234) MBURU M.K. (2203) MOKAYA G.O.(2524) MUCHUNU A.M. (2813) MUKOLWE M.A.(3204) MUNYORI S.N. (2740) MURUU A.M. (3120) MUTAI N.K.(2810) MUTITU K.M. (2402) MWANGI M.K. (2779) MWANGI S.K. (2909) MWONGERA C.K.(2812) MWAURA J.G. (2821) NAWALE A.B.O. (2848) NJOROGE A.M. (3214) NJOROGE P.M. (3094) NGUNJIRI S.M. (2129) OGUTU C.Y.N. (2729) OKEYO J.P. (2110) OMINDE W.E. (151) ONG’ONDO B.O. (2753) OSUMBA W.O. (2746)

45. RACHUONYO V.O (2340) 46. SERSER E.K.(2808) 47. SIAMA P.V. (2187) RESIDENT STUDENT ARCHITECTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42.

ASUZAH D.M.(3187) GICHUYIA L.N.(2912) GITHINJI S.M. (2105) IMRAN W.S. (2778) KADERNANI M.L. (3061) KAHIGA M.M.(3116) KARANJA K. (2049) KARIUKI A.M. (2186) KARIUKI C.W. (3236) KIBUCHI J.M. (2728) KIMANI B.G. (2104) KIMANI K.M. (2911) KIPRONO L.K. (2639) KIPROTICH C.J.M.K. (2767) KOTENG P.O.G. (3100) KYALO S.M.(2786) MACHARIA I.W.(2522) MACHARIA W.M. (2333) MBURU K.A (2186) MBUTHIA P.W(3189) MOMBO D.K.(2634) MUDOME T.V. (2323) MUGO L.W (2185) MUNDIA J.M. (3209) MUNGA M.G. (2773) MUNYAO V.M. (3180) MUTHOGA C.K. (2783) MUTUNGA D.W. (3181) NDALILA S.E.(2785) NJUGUNA M.K. (3115) NYONGESA E.S.(3172) OBALA M.C. (3171) OGOT S.O. (2523) OJWANG K.G. (1142) OKITE A.O.(2594) OMEDO R.G. (2782) OMBISA C.A. (MS) (2006) ONYANGO M.O. (1630) RUTTO N.K. (1394) SEFHEDI GAOTINGWE(2775) SHAH H.N. (1740) WALEMBA E.M. (2776)

FELLOW LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS 1.

NGUMMO R.M.K. (1445)

RESIDENT CORPORATE LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

12. 13. 14. 15.

NJIRAINI R.M. (2816) OBATSA A.P.(2690) OMOLE H.O. (2689) MS. RICHARDS M.L. (1443)

GRADUATE LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.

AHURA B.O. (3174) CHONGA O.C. (2916) GIKUNDI J.(2499) KAMAU L.M. (2840) KATUMPE J.S. (2766) KIGEN E.K (3190) KIMANI A.N. (3068) KORIR P.M. (2898) MAE F. (3175) MARWA S.M. (2294) MOCHAMA E.M (3191) M’IKIUGU M.M.(2498) MUTUA S.M. (3182) MWAI R.W (3192) MWAI D.N.(2768) NAMUSONGE M.M. (2745) ODHIAMBO L.P. (2770) OFAFA. A.O. (2756) ONDIEKI J.K.(2575) PATEL B.P. (1948) SUAMRA D. R. (1879) WAMBUI A.M.(2497) WANZA C.N. (2757)

STUDENTS LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.

AGHAK R.I.O. (2290 ENDIRE E.B. (2761) KIMONDO A.(2346) K’OYOO E.O.(2760) MAE F. (3175) MOMBO P.M. (3176) MUGAMBI L.N. (2759) MURUNGI M.M. (2758) MURIITHI P.W. (3258) MWIRANGA P.M. (2769) NJERU A.M. (3280) OCHANDO S.O. (2772) OJWANG B.O. (2765) OTOTO C.K. (2771) OTWANI B.D.(2762) OUMA L.A. (3257) OWUOR M.O. (3205) WAMBUA C.N. (2293) WANDOLO E.O. (2763) WANJALA L.M. (2764) OHAS J.M. (278) WANG’ONDU M.H.C. (422)

ABUJE J.S. (2839) ADEYA A.M.O.(2132) ARCHER L.S.A. (2120) PROF. AKATCH S.O. (1449) GITOHO J.N. (1448) KAROGI J.K. (1444) KURIA M.M (2113) MEHTA H.S. (1518) MURAGE D.G.(2817) MUTISO R.G.M. (Dr.) (1447) NGUNJIRI P.G. (Prof) (1454)

Pictorial

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

The Architectural Association of Kenya Chairmanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Dinner held on 5th December 2012 at the Simba Saloon, Carnivore, Nairobi.

The Architectural Association of Kenya Annual Gala Dinner held on 27th March 2013 at the Intercontinental Hotel, Nairobi. The chief guest at the event was Dr. Manu Chandaria.

ARCHITECTURAL ASSOCIATION OF KENYA YEAR PLANNER 2013 Incorporating Architects, Quantity Surveyors, Town Planners, Engineers, Lanscape Architects, Construction Project managers and Environmental Design Consultants

January 2013

April 2013

July 2013

AAK office opening

Q.S. Chapter Council

EPC Chapter Council

Q.S. Chapter Meeting

Mombasa Branch Council

Engineers Chapter Council

Mombasa Branch 2nd BE Magazine

EAIA Dar es Salam Congress

Engineers Chapter Meeting

EAIA Dar es Salam Congress Engineers Chapter Luncheon

EAIA Dar es Salam Congress

T/Planners Chapter Council L/Arch. Chapter Council

Q.S. Chapter Council

T/Planners Council Meeting L/Arch. Council Meeting

International Builders Show at Las Vegas

International Builders Show at Las Vegas/ Architects Chapter Council

CPM Chapter Council

Executive Committee Meeting Governing Council Meeting

UIA Bureau Meeting - Khartoum

February 2013 5

Q.S. Chapter Council/AGM

1012

IFLA Congress 2013; New Zealand

L/Arch. Chapter Council

CPM Chapter Council

Architects Chapter Council

CPM Chapter Council

Mombasa Branch Annual Gala Night

Architects Chapter Council

Executive Committee Meeting Governing Council Meeting

May 2013 7

Q.S. - CPD Program

EPC Chapter Council

Mombasa Branch Council

T/Planners Chapter Council L/Arch. Chapter Council

EPC Chapter Council

CPM Golf Tournament

Mombasa Branch 1st BE Magazine

Engineers Chapter Council

L/Arch. Chapter Council AGM/ T/Planners Chapter Council - AGM and CPD

CPM Chapter Council

Awards of Excellence

1925

CAA General Assembly/ Conference, Dhaka Bangladesh

College of Fellows Executive Committee Meeting Governing Council Meeting Executive Committee Meeting Governing Council Meeting

March 2013 3

AAK Newsletter

Q.S. Chapter Council

6 10

Mombasa Branch Council Engineers Chapter Council

T/Planners Chapter Council L/Arch. Council

Mombasa Branch Annual Gala Night

UIA Council Meeting - Durban

Architects Chapter Council CPM Chapter Council

Executive Committee Meeting Governing Council Meeting

AAK AGM/AAK Gala Dinner

August 2013 5

Mombasa Branch 4th BE Magazine

Q.S. Chapter Council

EPC Chapter Council

CPM Chapter Council

Mombasa Branch Council

Architects Chapter Council

Engineers Chapter Council

CPM Chapter Council

Executive Committee Meeting Governing Council Meeting

T/Planners Chapter Council L/Arch. Chapter Council

2124

AAK Annual Convention

AAK Newsletter

June 2013 4

7 10

College of Fellows Q.S. Chapter Council Mombasa Branch Council Mombasa Branch 3rd BE Magazine

Executive Committee Meeting Governing Council Meeting

September 2013 1

AAK Newsletter

Q.S. Chapter Council

October 2013 1

49th ISOCARP Congress - Brisbane, Australia

49th ISOCARP Congress - Brisbane, Australia apter Council

49th ISOCARP Congress - Brisbane, Australia Chapter Council EPC Chapter Council Q.S. Chapter Council

Mombasa Branch 5th BE Magazine

Engineers Chapter Council

T/Planners Chapter Council L/Arch. Chapter Council

Mombasa Branch Council

CPM Chapter Council

Architects Chapter Council

Architects Chapter Council - CPD

Executive Committee Meeting Governing Council Meeting

November 2013 5

Q.S. Chapter Council

EPC Chapter Council

Mombasa Branch Council

World Town Planning Day

Engineers Chapter Council

T/Planners Chapter Council L/Arch. Chapter Council

Architects Chapter Council

Engineers Chapter Council/ CPM Chapter Council

Engineers Chapter Council

EPC Chapter Council

EPC Chapter Council T/Planners Chapter Council L/Arch. Chapter Council

Mombasa Branch Council

College of Fellows Engineers Chapter Council

Executive Committee Meeting Governing Council Meeting

T/Planners Chapter Council L/Arch. Chapter Council

AAK Newsletter

Triad@50 Opening Gala/ Book and Exhibition Launch

Mombasa Branch Council

Architects Chapter Council

CPM Chapter Council

Executive Committee Meeting Governing Council Meeting

Triad@50 public lecture

Triad@50 Student Career Talk Triad@50 Student Competition Gala Architects Chapter Council

Triad@50 public lecture CPM Chapter Council

Mombasa Branch Council

Executive Committee Meeting Governing Council Meeting

December 2012 3

College of Fellows

AAK End of Year Dinner

AAK office closure

The Architect, Issue 1, January-March 2013

THE

RCHIT

The offic

ial mag

azine of

the Arc

hitects

Chapter , Archite

ECT Septem

ber 2012

ctural A

ssociatio

n of Keny

Expose your products and services to the specifiers in the building industry

Advertise in the Architect INSIDE

AUTHE N Eco-Arc

hitectur e

ABOUT THE MAGAZINE

Em ma

Tow TIC EC OARCH ards an I T EC T URE

Miloyo KONZ A

Techno

in Keny a

City

Built he ritage

The Architect is the official journal of the Architects Chapter of the Architectural Association of Kenya. It is published quarterly and has acted as the mouth-piece of the Kenyan architects and other key stakeholders in the building industry for more than four decades. Its well researched content keeps practitioners in the building industry up to date with current trends in the field. The editorial content of the magazine is broad enough to target all the building professions including the architects, quantity surveyors, land economists, contractors, interior designers as well as the various suppliers and consumers of architectural and building products.

PRINT RUN AND READERSHIP The current print-run is 2,000 and the magazine is mailed out free of charge to all Architect members (about 800 in number) and other stakeholders. It is also available to respective professional associations, various suppliers and consumers of architectural and building products.

March 2012

THE

Issue No. 1

RCHITECT The official magazine of the Architects Chapter, Architectural Association of Kenya

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The Architect AAK - Architects Chapter, The Professional Centre, Parliament Road, P.O. Box 44258 - 00100 Nairobi Tel: +254 20 2224806, Fax: +254 20 2220582, Mobile: 0721 691 337, Email: aak@aak.or.ke Chairman: emma.miloyo@designsource.co.ke Editor: mutalical@gmail.com Designer: creative.bridge@ymail.com

Can you feel that smell?

Arbitration & frivolous suits:

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The day the forest came to town:

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Greening your building

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