Omnia Abdel-Hay - AUC - ARCH 473/3522

STUDENT PORTFOLIO ARCH 473/3522 DIGITAL DESIGN STUDIO AND WORKSHOP OMNIA ABDEL-HAY FALL 2019

The American University in Cairo (AUC) School of Sciences and Engineering - Department of Architecture ARCH 473/3522 - Digital Design Studio and Workshop (Fall 2019) Student portfolio documenting samples of work submitted along the course, including research, experimentation, 3D modeling, digital fabrication, parametric design and modeling, physical model realisation and analysis.

Student name: Omnia Abdel-Hay Student ID: 900150095

Š The American University in Cairo (AUC), December 2018

OMNIA ABDEL-HAY Architecture Student

THE NAME’S OMNIA ABDEL-HAY. I AM A TIRELESS SEEKER OF KNOWLEDGE, OCCASSIONAL PURVEYOR OF WISDOM AND ALSO, COINCIDENTALLY, AN ARCHITECTURE STUDENT. PHILOSOPHY IN AS CIRCUITOUS AN EXPLANATION AS IT IS USUALLY OFFERED BY A PHILOSOPHER, MY SCHOOL OF THOUGHT RELIES ON SCHOOLING MY THOUGHTS – THOROUGHLY, REGULARLY; KEEPING ACQUAINTENCE WITH DESIGN.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT M O M A N D DA D MY 4 SIBLINGS 473 TEACHING ASSISTANTS AND PROFESSORS M Y S E L F F O R S TAY I N G S T RO N G

Designing a mobile shelter given a specific context in Eg ypt - Alexandria. The parameter in this stage was an inspiration from a natural phenomena that was the conce pt of tides.

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Design of a Mobile Shelter

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3 Research Phase Natural phenomena:

Tides

Points covered: • Context • Natural Phenomena • Case Studies Context Conditions: • Summer : Humid - Hot • Winter : Humid - Rainy - Violent Storms • Sleet and hail The Sea and Corniche • The inner streets are inviting to the Sea either by • Directionality • Sloping to the Sea • The Corniche is designed in a manner that bends with the sea

PERIODIC SHORT TERM CHANGES IN THE HEIGHT OF THE OCEAN SURFACE AT A PARTICULAR PLACE

T ID E S ; T H E N AT U R AL PH E N O M E N A

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5 PROCESS VA R I A T I O N IN G R AV I T A T I O N A L F O RC E R E S U LT I N G F RO M C H A N G E OF POSITION OF THE SUN AND THE MOON RELATIVE TO POINT O N T H E E A R T H ’ S S U R FAC E

PA R A ME TE R S :

POSITION OF THE GLOBE RELATIVE TO THE MOON

PRESENCE OF A LANDMASS

LANDMASS

PA R A M E T E R S LOCATION

D E P T H O F T H E WA T E R

C O N T O U R S O N T H E S E A GROUND

CONTOURS

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DEPTH

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KINETIC ENERGY : FROM MOVEMENT OF WATER CURRENTS POTENTIAL ENERGY: DUE TO RISE AND FALL IN LEVEL

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ENERGY

Stage 1: Design of a Mobile Shelter

TIDES ARE ESSENTIAL TO GENERATE T I DA L E N E RG Y T H RO U G H T U R B I N E S O R OTHER METHODS THAT GENERATE ELECT R I C I T Y. T I D A L E N E R G Y I S A R E N E W A B L E , CLEAN ENERGY AND CONTRIBUTES TO S U S T A I N A B I L I T Y.

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TIDAL BARRAGES:

TIDAL FENCES:

TIDAL TURBINES:

MOST EFFICIENT ENERGY SOURCE: IS A DA M T H AT U T I LIZES THE POTENTIAL ENERGY GENERATED

BY CHANGE IN HEIGHT FROM HIGH TO LOW

RESEMBLING A LONG OPEN STEEL OR CONCRETE STRUCTURE. USED I N FA S T F L OW I N G AREAS SUCH AS THE CHANNELS BETWEEN TWO LAND MASSES WHERE IT DIRECTS THE SEA WA T E R T O T H E T U R BINES WHEN IT PA S S E S T H R O U G H THE FENCE.

SIMILAR TO WIND TURBINES ONLY U N D E R WA T E R , E L E C TRICITY IS GENERATED WHEN THE MECHANICAL ENE RG Y O F T I DA L CURRENTS TURN THE TURBINES CONNECTED TO A GENERATOR GENERATOR IN TURN PRODUCES HIGH ELECTRICITY

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TIDAL BARRAGES TIDAL FENCES TIDAL TURBINES

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TIDAL TECHNOLOGIES

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CASE STUDIES CASE STUDIES CASE STUDIES CASE STUDIES CASE STUDIES

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BY LUSIO ARCHITECTS ON BULGARIA’S VITOSHA MOUNTAIN THE WINNING ENTRY OF THE ‘ARCHITECTURE 2050’ ORGANIZED BY BRING.BG

BY THE STUDENTS OF PONTIFICAL CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF PERU (PUCP) LATTICED ALUMINUM SHELTERS TO HELP COASTAL PERUVIANS IN CLIMATE EMERGENCIES Portfolio

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B E AC O N TRANSFORMATION PROCESS

S H E LT E R

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DIFFERENT MODES BASED ON WEATHER CONDITIONS EASY TO FIND

ENERGY PRODUCED IS STORED IN A HIGH CAPA C I T Y B A T T E RY HEATED FLOOR FUNCTIONALITY

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CONTACT WITH THE GROUND RIGID FOR WEATHER CONDITIONS LIGHT WEIGHT BODY

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MODES

STRUCTURE

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L A

M AT R I Z

ASSEMBLY

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E F F E C T O F G L O B A L WA R M I N G O N P E R U V I A N C OA S T E C O N O M I C , C L I M A T I C A N D T E C H N O L O G I C A L FAC T O R S

M E C H AN I S M

POP-UP MODULES SPLITTING ALUMINUM FOIL F L A K E - L I K E L AY E R O N T O P INSULATION RADIATION BY THICK MEMBRANE CROSS VENTILATION THROUGH PETAL

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CONSISTS OF COMPARTMENTS THAT ARE BROUGHT TOGETHER USING STRUCTURE ELEMENTS SUCH AS STRUCTURAL JOINTS ROOFING SYSTEM THAT IS MADE UP OF MODULES

C H AR AC T E R I S T I C S EASILY DEPLOYED LIGHTWEIGHT DURABLE QUICK RESPONSE TO EMERGENCIES

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16 DESIGN GUIDLINES

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CONCEPTUAL

CONTEXTUAL

FORM AFFECTED BY CONTROLLERS

CULTURAL

GRAVITATIONAL FORCE MECHANISM

ECONOMIC

CONTEXT AND CONTOUR LINES

SOCIAL

FREQUENCY AND FADING OF THE WAVES

FUNCTIONAL

TIDAL RANGE AND SPACES

MOBILE

DESIGN STAGE DESIGN STAGE DESIGN STAGE DESIGN STAGE DESIGN STAGE DESIGN STAGE DESIGN STAGE

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THEORETICAL APPROACH

TRANSLATION

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WA T E R M O L E C U L E S

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PARA ME T E RS

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CREATE A FORM THAT STARTS OFF IN A CIRCULAR MOTION THEN CONVERTS INTO A MORE LINEAR ONE

CLOSE TO THE SURFACE PARTICLES MOVE IN A CIRCULAR MOTION ALONG THE SURFACE AND DECREASES THIS MOTION CLOSER TO THE BASIN

T I DA L R A N G E FORM THAT IS SENSITIVE TO THE TIME OF THE DAY MORNING; NIGHT

VARIATION IN GRAVITATIONAL FORCE RESULTING FROM CHANGE OF POSITION OF THE SUN AND THE MOON RELATIVE TO POINT ON THE EARTH’S SURFACE

T I DA L PA T T E R N S

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GENERATE ENERGY FROM THE MOTION OF THE FORM TURN IT INTO ACTUAL MANIFESTATION

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P R E CE D EN TS

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USING THIS SAME ANALOGY OF MOTION WITH RESPECT TO TIME AS A PARAMETER THE ANALYSIS HAS BEEN TRANSLATED TO ARCHITECTURAL OUTCOMES

ECOLOGICAL STUDIO BIO DIGITAL SCULPTURE ETFE, OR ETHYLENE TETRAFLUORO- ETHYLENE, IS A TOUGH, DURABLE PLASTIC CLOSELY RELATED TO PTFE (TEFLON).

IT TRANSMITS MORE UV LIGHT THAN GLASS AND CLEANS ITSELF WITH E V E RY R A I N S H OW E R .

EACH PILLOW IS PERMA NENTLY INFLATED BY A L O W P O W E R P U M P. T H I S INTERNAL AIR PRESSURE TRANSFORMS A 0.2-MILLIMETRE-THICK PLASTIC I N T O A C L A D D I N G PA N E L C A PA B L E O F S PA N N I N G RELATIVELY LARGE DISTANCES. IN PILLOW FORM, ETFE IS ALSO A BETTER INSULATOR THAN GLASS A N D, W H E N E Q U I P P E D W I T H F R I T PA T T E R N S F O R S H A D I N G, I T AC H I E V E S THE DESIRED GREENH O U S E E F F E C T.

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21 THE WATER CUBE ANALOGY R E P E T I T I O N O F B A S I C WA T E R M O D U L E M OV E M E N T AC C O R D I N G T O P R E S S U R E S T R U C T U R E I N F I N I T E A R R AY O F F OA M CLAD WITH ETFE PILLOWS STEELWORK MEMBERS AND THEIR CONNECTIONS S H R I N K S AWAY F R O M A F I R E , T H U S “ S E L F - V E N T I N G ” A N D L E T T I N G S M O K E OUT OF THE BUILDING

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FORM THE COMPONENT OF MOLECULARITY MOTION STARTS OFF IN CIRCLES THEN STOPS THE ROUTE AND CONTINUES INTO STRAIGHT LINES DESIGN STARTED OFF WITH A BASIC MODULE OF A HEXAGON THE HEXAGON IS FLOWED A L O N G T H E S U R FAC E C R E AT E D C U R V E WA S C H A N G E D T O S U I T THE W AV E P A T T E R N A L O N G C O A S T

A BASIC DOME SHAPE THAT STARTS BREAKINTO FRAGMENTS THE MAIN FRAGMENT IS THE FOREIGN MATERIAL SERIES OF FRAGMENT MIMICKING

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ITERATIONS

FORMGENERATION

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PROTRUSIONS WERE ADDED TO SERVE THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT OF SHADING

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25 THE HEXAGON SHAPE HAD TO BE ADJUSTED TO SUIT THE FUNCTIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL A N D C O N T E X T UA L A S P E C T

I N S T E A D O F B E I N G A F L AT S U R FAC E O F H E X AG O N S, U S I N G T H E M O D U L E T O DIRECT MORE PLANES THAT WOULD SERVE FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL PUR P O S E O F S H A D I N G T H E S O U T H FAC A D E O F T H E S H E LT E R Portfolio

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EXPANDING THE FORM INTO NOT JUST FLUID PASSING THROUGH FOR DIRECT EVAPORATIVE COLLING, WATER WOULD BE STORED IN THE PROTRUSIONS DURING SUMMER: COOLS DOWN THE SHELTER DURING WINTER: PASSES THROUGH GETS WARMED UP BY THE CENTERAL ENERGY UNIT STORED INSIDE THE SHELTER THEN PASSES AGAIN INTO THE SKIN TO WARM IT UP

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VORONOI GRASSHOPPER PLUGIN T H E B A S I C M O D U L A R C O M P O N E N T WA S M A D E W I T H H E X A G O N A L D E D U CATIONS

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F I X I N G T H E S U R FAC E ACCORDING TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL PURPOSE

SCENARIO 2:

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HEXAGONS SWELL DURING SUMMER TO DECREASE THE AREA EXPOSED TO SOLAR RADIATION

SCENARIO 1: H E X A G O N S E X PA N D DURING WINTER TO ALLOW IN MORE LIGHT IN SOME AREAS OF THE SKIN

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Project 2: The Blank Facade Canvas

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THE FINAL PROJECT

FUNCTIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL C O N T E X T UA L HUMAN CONSCIOUS

STAGE ONE DESIGN OF A MOBILE SHELTER

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SCENARIO 1

AT NIGHT THE MODULE SHRINKS IN SIZE WITH OPAQUE MATERIAL TO ALLOW LIGHT AND METAL CLADDING STAYS IN FOR SOUTH AND SOUTH WEST ELEVATIONS

PLAN Portfolio

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SCENARIO 2

FROM TOP TO BOTTOM WATER MOVES IN A CIRCULAR MOTION IMITATING THE TYPICAL MOTION OF A TIDAL MOLECULE ACROSS THE SURFACE THEN GOES LINEAR REACHING THE GROUND

IN THE MORNING THE MODULE SWELLS EXPANDING THE SPACES BETWEEN THEM. HENCE ALLOWING MORE SUNGLIGHT.

SECTION

PLAN Portfolio

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3D-SHOTS

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Physical exploration with different materials and fabrication techniques to devise a unit prototype for a building faรงade.

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Portfolio

Project 2: The Blank Facade Canvas

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The Blank Facade Canvas

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RESEARCH AND MATERIAL EXPLORATION EX PERIM ENT U SING ANY OF T HE FAB RICAT ION T ECHNIQU ES:

STAGES: RESEARCH + MATERIAL EXPLORATION I

CASTING

FABRIC FORMING

SECTIONING

RESEARCH + MATERIAL EXPLORATION II PROJECT SUBMISSION

FOLDING

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Project 2: The Blank Facade Canvas

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TESSELLATION

TENSE GRITY STRUCTURES

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S TAG E 1 : E X PE R I M E N TAT I O N

C A STI NG

I S A M A NU FAC TU RIN G PROC ESS IN W H IC H A LIQU ID M AT E R I AL I S USUAL LY POU RED IN TO A M OL D, W HICH C O NTAI NS A H OL L OW C AVITY OF TH E D ESIRED SH APE

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Project 2: The Blank Facade Canvas

SETTING THE FORMWORK BY THE AID OF A STIFF PAPER, THAT TAKES THE SHAPE OF THE FORM AND HOLDS THE PLASTER TILL IT GAIN ITS STRENGTH

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THE FORMWORK WAS WEAKER THAN THE WEIGHT OF THE PLASTER. THUS IT COULD NOT WITHSTAND THE LOAD

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S TAG E 1 : E X PE R I M E N TAT I O N

TESS E LLA TION;

T H E TIL IN G OF A PL AN E U SIN G O NE O R M O R E GEOM ETRIC SH APES (TIL ES)

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Project 2: The Blank Facade Canvas

H E XA GON IS NATURALLY SPRUNG FROM THE CIRCLE AND HOW EQUALLY SIZED CIRCLES CREATE A SPECIFIC PATTERNED FORMATION. WITHIN ISLAMIC CULTURE GEOMETRY HAS BEEN HIGHLY IMPORTANT SYMBOLICALLY, WITH EACH GEOMETRIC FORM HAVING ITS OWN SPIRITUAL MEANING. FOR EXAMPLE THE CIRCLE IS PERFECT WITHOUT BEGINNING OR END. IT COULD BE SEEN AS THE FOUNDATION OF ALL OTHER GEOMETRY.

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IN THIS STAGE: THE COINS REPRESENTED THE UNITS THAT ARE CONTINUOUS INCLINING AND STANDING ALONE REPRESENTING THE POSSIBILITIES OF STRUCTURAL LOGIC THE CLUSTERING OF THE UNITS ACTS AS A PARAMTER OF DEDUCTING THE SOLAR RADIATION INCLINATION MAKES SHADING POSSIBLE BY ALIGINMENT VERTICALLY AND HORIZONTALLY ACCORDING TO FACADE ORIENTATION ANGLE COULD HENCE BE ADJUSTED ACCORDING TO USER PREFERENCE AND ENVIRPNMENTAL FACTORS

CHOSE TESELLATION AS A MORE PRACTICAL LOGIC FOR CONCEPT Portfolio

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FA B R I C AT I O N MATERIAL SELECTION

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B IO D E GRA DA B LE PLA S TIC DUTCH EU BUILDING

THERMOFORMABLE PAVILION

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300 MILLION TONS/YEAR 3% RECYCLED 97% LEFTOUT

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MADE FROM CELLULOSE AND PLANT BASED POLY-SCCHARIDE FOR PACKING

COMPLEX 3D SHAPES PROVIDING HARDNESS OF PLASTICS

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Project 2: The Blank Facade Canvas

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M OV E M E N T M EC H A N ISM

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PRE FIN A L M O DE L

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FINAL MODEL

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Project 2: The Blank Facade Canvas

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Explore, generate and fabricate a prototype for a building faรงade skin that takes into consideration issues of environmental comfort, spatial relations and human aspects using a passive approach

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The Parametric Facelift Portfolio

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A RESEARCH Portfolio

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62 A B O U T D O U B L E S K I N F A C A D E S

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Project 3: The Parametric Facelift

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64 C A S E S T U D I E S

1 THE

COOPER UNION FOR ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCEAND ART

65 VERTICAL PIAZAA

CONTEXT

SCULTPURE FACADE FGIVES A DISTINCTIVE IDENTITY FOT COOPER’S SQ. WITH PROFILE OF AN ATRIUM THAT LOOKS LIKE IT IS VCARVED OUT OF THE CITY CONNECTING A CREATIVE AND SOCIAL PART OF THE

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FUNCTIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL THIS VERTICAL PI AZZA IS THE SO CIAL HEART OF THE BUILDING, PROVID ING A PLACE FOR IMPROMPTU AND PLANNED MEETINGS, STUDENT GATHER INGS, LECTURES, AND FOR THE INTELLEC TUAL DEBATE THAT DEFINES THE AC ADEMIC ENVIRON MENT.

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68 C A S E S T U D I E S

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2 THE

ING BANK HOUSE AMSTERDAM

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S PA T I A L

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Portfolio

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Project 3: The Parametric Facelift

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AFTER THE RESEARCH OF CASE STUDIES EACH OF US PROCEEDED TO THE NEXT S T E P O F I N D I V I D UA L A P P ROAC H

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73 THE I N D I V I D UA L A P P ROAC H

HEXAGONAL GRID

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UPPER SHELF + FIXED RAIL THAT ACTS AS A LIGHT SHELF

ANGLED GLASS FOR MAXIMIZING SOLAR EXPOSURE

Project 3: The Parametric Facelift

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INSIDE ROOM PAINTED IN A LIGHT COLOR TO REFLECT

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HU M A N IS T IC CO N S I D E R AT IO N

FU NCTIONAL

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SPECIFIC TO THE ROOM FUNCTION

SENSOR S T O R AG E

MEETI NG ROOM

MICROCONTROLLER AC T UAT O R

O FFI CE

SENSITIVE TO HUMAN OCCUPANTS SPACE EXAPNDS AND DECREASES ACCORDING TO FUNCTIONAL NEEDS AND OCCUPANTS PREFERENCES

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ENVI RO N M E N TA L

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THE BASIC ELEVATION BECOMES A HEXAGON DIVIDED INTO COMONENTS EACH COMPONENT IS A TRIANGLE TRIANGLES EACH MOVE IN A SEPERATE PLANE MOVEMENT IS IN ACCORDANCE TO THE SUN LIGHT ANGLE PROTRUDING TO SHADE HEXAGONS COULD ALSO OVERLAY INCREAS ING DENSITY TO DECREASE SOLAR RADIATION SLAB EXPANDS IN ACCORDANCE IN ROOMS THAT REQUIRE MORE SPACE EX: MEETING ROOMS EITHER THROUGH DENSITY SENSORS OR MANUALLY ADJUSTED ACCORDING TO USER PREFERENCE

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ITERATIONS ITERATIONS ITERATIONS ITERATIONS ITERATIONS ITERATIONS ITERATIONS ITERATIONS ITERATIONS ITERATIONS ITERATIONS ITERATIONS ITERATIONS

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ITERATION 1

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ITERATION 1

STARTED OFF BY THE BASIC UNIT THE HEXAGON AND BUILT A LOGIC OF A MATHE MATICAL EQUATION THAT AR RAYS THEM ALONG A SURFACE BUT WAS A BIT MONOTONOUS AND REQUIRED FURTHER MANIFESTATION

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82 I T E R A T I O N

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DIVIDED THE FACADE INTO HEXAGONS AS A MAIN ELEVATION BUT COMPONENTS MOVING INTO PLANES FOR SHADING AND HEXAGONS EXTEND AS SLABS Portfolio

Project 3: The Parametric Facelift

THE TRIANGLE COMPONENTS COULD ROTATE AROUND THE FACADE FOR EXTRA COVERAGE ARCH 473/3522 - Fall 2019

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3 L AY E R S S H OW I N G T H E P O S S I B I L I T I E S O F AC H I E V I N G T H E ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT

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THE TRIANGLES PROTRUDE TO ACT AS SHADIG DEVICES FOR THE SKIN

THE HEXAGON EXTENDS BY BENDING ALLOWING THE SLAB TO EXTEND TO SERVE FOR THE OCCUPANT DENSITY VIA MANIPULATION OF THE LOCATION OF THE HEXAGON AS A WHOLE, EITHER THEY OVERLAY FOR MINIMIZING SOLAR RADIAITION OR THE TRIANGLES PROTRUDE AS A COMPONENT TO SHADE

THE TRIANGLES COU LD ROTATE AROUND TO EMPHASIZE SHADING SHEDDING INTERESTING LIGHTS IN SPACE AESTHETIC PURPOSES

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T H E F I N A L FAC A D E S K I N

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BIBLIOGRAPHY • • •

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/575757133584506270/ https://www.pinterest.com/pin/546976317228221482/ Digital Fabrications Architectural and Material Techniques Lisa Iwamoto Berkely

ŠAll rights reserved, American University in Cairo (AUC) December 2019