Architectural Report on Guest House Design | Sana Bi | AMU, Aligarh

ARC2640 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN – III AR. T.R. WARSI | AR. SADAF REPORT : GUEST FARIDI

HOUSE

ALISHA KHAN 18ARB554 | RUSHDA FATIMA 18ARB555 | ROOSHEEN FATIMA 18ARB556 | HAFSA HAIDRY 18ARB567

LITERATURE STUDY 1. INTRODUCTION AND SIGNIFICANCE 2. WHAT MAKES IT SUCCESSFUL? 3. LOBBY AND RECEPTION 4. GUEST ROOMS

CONTENTS

5. BATHROOMS 6. CLOSETS, FURNITURE & LIGHTING 7. DINING AREA & KITCHEN 8. COMMON ROOM 9. BANQUET HALL 10. ADMINISTRATIVE AREA 11. STORAGE SPACES 12. LAUNDRY ROOM 13. SERVICES 14. NECESSARY REQUIREMENTS

CASE STUDIES 15. CASE STUDY-1 16. CASE STUDY-2 17. CASE STUDY-3

LITERATURE STUDY

GUEST HOUSE INTRODUCTION A guest house (also guesthouse) is a kind of lodging. In some parts of the world a guest house is similar to a hostel, bed and breakfast, or inn whereas in other parts of the world (such as for example the Caribbean), guest houses are a type of inexpensive hotel like lodging. In still others, it is a private home which has been converted for the exclusive use of guest accommodation. The owners usually lives in an entirely separated area within the property and the guest house may serve as a form of lodging business.

This type of accommodation presents some benefits such as: • Personalized attention • Healthy and homemade food • Quietness • Inexpensiveness In some areas of the world, guest houses are the only kind of accommodation available for visitors who have no local relatives to say with. Among the features which distinguish a guest house from a hotel, bed and breakfast, or inn is the lack of a full-time staff. Bed and breakfasts are usually family owned, with the family living on the premises. Hotels maintain a staff presence 24hours a day and 7days a week, whereas a guest house has a more limited staff presence. Because of limited staff presence, check in at a guest is often by appointment. An inn also usually has restaurant attached.

In Japan, tenants in a guest house have to pay a substantial damage deposit, and have to pay a cleaning fee when they leave.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE The aim of this project is to create a comfortable and appealing accommodation for guests. This is done through the provision of:• Basic standard facilities needed in Guest house.

• Environment that is conducive for the occupants.

• Individual requirement such as entertainment, exercise and relaxation.

SCOPE AND DEFINITION The scope of this thesis is to focus on the main problematic aspects Guest House design. These are: The relationship between spaces.

Circulation system. Moreover, it will not only throw light on these aspects but will also solve the problem of thermal comfort of the interiors through natural means.

In the research of this nature, the forms of handicaps that are encountered are: Unavailability of Relevant Information: Relevant information could not be obtained from relevant sources due to monetary reasons.

Inaccessibility of Existing Guest House: Some of the visited refuse to give audience to the researcher due to security reasons.

Financial Constraints to Carryout the research: For example, the money to browse through the website in order to get information was in short supply.

SIGNIFICANCE OF GUEST HOUSE In declining upon a property provides Guest House or Bed and Breakfast accommodation the following factors will be considered and a balanced view of taken of the particular state of affairs namely:

• • • • • • • • • •

Provision of the facilities for transaction of business, for meeting and conference, for recreation and entertainment.

As an important employer of labour Development of local economy of the area it is located due to being an attraction for visitors.

The extent to which each occupier shares facilities such as dining rooms, bathrooms, kitchen and other parts of property, and whether all parts of property are accessible to all occupiers.

The degree of co-operation and social interaction amongst the occupiers.

The terms and conditions contained in the tenancy agreement(s).

Payment arrangement for rent, utility bills, food and other such items.

The extent or otherwise of otherwise of related occupiers.

Features present in the property, such as locks on individual units of accommodation and to what extent facilities are shared.

Any factors affecting the likely fire safety risks e.g. occupiers with limited mobility, drug / alcohol dependency etc.

WHAT MAKES A GUEST HOUSE SUCCESSFUL ?

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• •

• •

•

Guest houses and Bed & Breakfasts can be extremely profitable small businesses if you impress your guests and acquire loyal, returning customers. Many guests choose B&B’s due to their cosy and welcoming feeling which is often lost on large hotels. If you feel your guest house could be cosier this winter here are a few tips on how to create the homely feel which guests simply can’t resist.

THE ENTRANCE First impressions count, and if one’s not fully booked an inviting entrance hall and exterior can attract last minute customers. If one has a sign always make sure it’s accurate in displaying whether there are vacancies or not. Passers-by are unlikely to come in if there is “no vacancies” sign displaying which could lose potential custom if actually have vacancies. Simply maintaining the garden to ensure it’s neat and tidy as this shows to guests that one takes pride in his/her guesthouse and the interior is likely to be as well-kept.

THE ROOMS Basic cleanliness may seem like a patronising tip for guest house owners, yet many hotels fall below an acceptable standard for guests. Clean, high quality hotel bedding is a necessity as comfort should be at the forefront of your B&B’s aim.

Never forget the small things which need cleaning, grime around skirting boards and architraves can be easily forgotten but easily spotted by guests. Make sure everything’s pristine and make a checklist if it helps to remember every single aspect of the room which needs cleaning.

Add a touch of luxury to B&B rooms by laying out dressing gowns, towels and slippers for guests. Small gestures show guests that there is care about them staying and can make them feel extremely welcome.

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THE SERVICE

•

Excellent customer service is essential in guest houses and B&Bs. Many guests choose these options because they enjoy the personal service and often enjoy liaising with the small team of staff. Offering tourist advice to them is a nice touch as one will more than likely be well acquainted with the area – have maps available on request too. Try to make guests feel at home they’re more likely to return in the future.

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THE EXPOSURE

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Online exposure for new business is essential. In order to continually increase customer numbers, then there will be a need to make more people aware of new guesthouse. Using social media to promote business can really help to spread the word of new, luxurious B&B.

STATEMENT OF THE ARCHITECTURAL PROBLEMS The research intends to proffer solution to the following problems: • • • •

Lack of venues for the masses to hold their social functions.

Lack of accommodations that have the qualities of a home The unavailability of standard facilities in Guest house found in Enugu.

Irregularity in the classification of Guest house by average Nigeria.

LOBBY AND RECEPTION GUEST REGISTRATION : RECEPTION A hotel registration desk must be located so that it is immediately visible as one enters the hotel lobby. The size of the desk will be determined by the size of the hotel. There are certain requirements for the clerk behind the desk as far as equipment is concerned. The simplest arrangement will call for a suitable file containing advance reservation cards requesting space, so that the clerk can quickly check what room has been reserved for what particular guest. Another mandatory piece of equipment is a slip or card file which, at a glance, indicates which rooms are occupied and which rooms are open. Occupied room spaces will have a card with the name of the guest and probably the date when the guest intends to leave. As soon as the guest checks in a card is slipped into the space for the room, indicating that the room is now occupied. This, the simplest form of registration, is applicable to the smaller hotels.

There are two other services that the front or registration desk must perform. The first and obvious one is to serve as the place where the room keys are kept. Mail is also handled in most hotels at the registration desk. which dictates that keys and mail slots are designed as one unit and placed directly behind the registration desk.

CASHIER The average hotel usually has the cashier's counter located adjacent to the registration desk.

There are times in large hotels, especially those catering to conventions, where one convention is checking out while another is checking in. This will make for traffic congestion and some confusion. Such a situation can be avoided by planning the registration and cashier facilities so that lines forming in front of the registration desk do not conflict with lines forming at the cashier's counter.

LOBBY Every hotel, regardless of its size, must have a public lobby. The size of the lobby is largely determined by the number of guest rooms as well as by the type of hotel that is on the architect's drawing boards. A hotel lobby sets the mood for a hotel. This apace, more than any other, will create the first and usually the most lasting impression. Furnishings, color, finishing materials, lighting, and décor must create the proper ambience regardless of whether the hotel is large or small, in a city or a resort, moderately priced or expensive. The interior designer plays a most vital part in planning and designing hotel lobbies.

THE ROOMS

(1) The minimum area of not less than 70% of the respective guest rooms in a guest house shall be 8 m2 for single rooms, 12 m2 for double or twin rooms and 3 m2 for each extra bed place.

(2) Guest rooms of a guest house shall have: i) a bed cover mattress; ii) bed linen; iii) bedspread which covers 30% of the bed as a minimum; iv) a hand towel per bed place; v) a bath towel per bed place; vi) a bedside table or surface for placing items per bed place; vii) a full-length mirror; viii) a drinking glass per bed place; ix) an opportunity to get a bottle opener; x) information on the guest house, including the services provided and the price list.

Space Standards 1. Bedrooms (There shall be prominently displayed in each bedroom, a notice in all relevant languages, setting out the maximum number permitted to sleep in the room): All bedrooms to be as follows: 1 person 8.5m2 2 persons 11m2 3 persons 15m2 For each additional person there shall be an additional 4.5m2 of floor area. Measurement of Attic and Similar Rooms with Reduced Headroom The area of any part of the floor space over which the vertical height of the room is, by reason of a sloping roof or ceiling, reduced to less than 1.5m shall be excluded from the calculation of the floor area of that room,

Room length is usually more flexible and may extend to a balcony or angled window for directional views.

Executive rooms have a workstation or lounge near the window.

Room doors are usually 76-90 cm wide. The entrance has the room number displayed on it. A door stop is necessary to prevent damage to walls. Windows should be of a standard size as this avoids the need to sort out curtains of different lengths. The walls should be soundproof as far as possible to exclude noise from the corridors and adjacent rooms. Skirting boards help prevent damage to the walls.

The guestroom design should be versatile, so that the same room can be converted to a different type of accommodation if need be.

The floor-to-ceiling height is usually 2.5 - 3 metres.

The most critical planning dimension is room width--3.6 metres is efficient, allowing a wardrobe in the living room and furniture along the walls. With staggered wardrobes and minimal or space-saving furniture, the width can be reduced to 3.4 metres. For a narrow frontage, the minimum room width is 3 metres.

Increased room width creates an impression of spaciousness and allows alternative bed and bathroom layouts.

LAYOUT OF GUEST ROOMS 1) Single: A room assigned to one person.

May have one or more beds.

The room size or area of Single Rooms are generally between 24 approx. m² 2) Double: A room assigned to two people.

May have one or more beds.

The room size or area of Double Rooms are generally between 29 approx. m².

3) Triple: A room that can accommodate three persons and has been fitted with three twin beds one double bed and one twin bed or two double beds.

The room size or area of Triple Rooms are generally between 45 m² to 65 m².

4) Quad: A room assigned to four people. May have two or more beds.

The room size or area of Quad Rooms are generally between 70 m² to 85 m²

5) Queen: A room with a queen-sized bed.

May be occupied by one or more people.

The room size or area of Queen Rooms are generally between 32 m² to 50 m².

6) King: A room with a king-sized bed.

May be occupied by one or more people.

The room size or area of King Rooms are generally between 32 m² to 50 m².

7) Twin: A room with two twin beds.

May be occupied by one or more people.

The room size or area of Twin Rooms are generally between 32 m² to 40 m².

8) Hollywood Twin Room: A room that can accommodate two persons with two twin beds joined together by a common headboard.

The room size or area of Hollywood Twin Rooms are generally between 32 m² to 40 m².

9) Double-double: A Room with two double ( or perhaps queen) beds. And can accommodate two to four persons with two twin, double or queen-size beds.

The room size or area of Double-double / Double Twin rooms are generally between 50 m² to 70 m².q

10) Studio: A room with a studio bed- a couch which can be converted into a bed. May also have an additional bed.

The room size or area of Studio room types are generally between 25 m² to 40 m².

11) Suite / Executive Suite: A parlour or living room connected with to one or more bedrooms. (A room with one or more bedrooms and a separate living space.)

The room size or area of Suite rooms are generally between 70 m² to 100 m².

12) Mini Suite or Junior Suite: A single room with a bed and sitting area. Sometimes the sleeping area is in a bedroom separate from the parlour or living room.

The room size or area of Junior Suites are generally between 60 m² to 80 m².

13) Adjoining rooms: Rooms with a common wall but no connecting door.

The room size or area of Adjoining Room Types are generally between 30 m² to 45 m².

14) Adjacent rooms: Rooms close to each other, perhaps across the hall.

The room size or area of Adjacent Room Types are generally between 30 m² to 45 m².

15) Cabana: This type of room is always adjoining to the swimming pool or have a private pool attached to the room.

The room size or area of Cabana Room Types are generally between 30 m² to 45 m².

16) Connecting rooms: Rooms with individual entrance doors from the outside and a connecting door between. Guests can move between rooms without going through the hallway.

The room size or area of Connecting rooms are generally between 30 m² to 50 m².

TYPICAL ROOM ARRANGEMENTS

CORRIDOR TOILETS VENTILATOR REFERENCE : NEUFERTS

1. For comfort, 2 night tables are desirable with a double bed.

A minimum double-bed unit arrangement may be achieved by omitting arm chair and one side chair, and reducing to 3'-6" the traffic lane at foot of bed.

2. Use of small chairs and chest makes possible the addition of conversation or lounging furniture (2 chairs and table) to a typical suite, without increasing square footage. Use of 3-ft passages eliminates crowding .

4. Minimum twin-bed group (2 night tables) needs 9'-6" wall .

5. Increased requirements for addition of dressing table and boudoir chair.

3 . Other types of arrangements beyond the minimum include addition of a chaise longue (shown dotted above), which is usually placed at an angle to walls, requires a table, and necessitates ample passages .

6. Twin beds with single night table require 8' of wall space.

REFERENCE :TIME SAVER

7. Variations on this plan may be developed by replacing the chair between the beds with a dressing table which serves also as a night table. This would free other walls for twin chests . shown doffed .

10.Minimum dimension for passage both side of bed.

8. Twin beds heading toward a common corner may require less space than is indicated if dressing table and boudoir chair are omitted.

12. Minimum for couch or single bed placed sideways to wall .

9. Single –bed unit with night tables requires 6'-6“ wall.

12 . Unusual but satisfactory arrangement or long, narrow space; if units E and F are reduced 2'-0" in length, room length may be decreased 2'-0".

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13. If position of chest is changed room width may be reduced b".

14. Door-swings may require increased clearance at foot of bed.

15. Slightly more comfortable than Fig. 14, but bed making is difficult.

COMBINED SPACES

A bed alcove with natural light and ventilation and which can be screened from the living area is desirable in a 0bedroom living unit

REFERENCE :TIME SAVER

In housing for the elderly and handicapped, the units suitable for wheelchair users often can be placed advantageously on the ground floor

Omission of an easy chair is acceptable to give more space for occupant's wheelchair REFERENCE :TIME SAVER

S.NO

MAIN FACILITIES

SUB REQUIREMENTS

1.

GUEST ROOM

1.

2.

3.

4.

AREA= 140 SQ.FT, SINGLE ROOMS, 120 SQ.FT 100% AIR CONDITIONING AT LEAST ONE ROOM FOR DIFFERENTLY ABLED GUEST, MIN. DOOR WIDTH = 1M

2.

SUITE ( 2% OF ROOM BLOCK WITH A MINIMUM OF 1)

3.

PUBLIC AREAS

1.

2.

3.

RECEPTION FACILTY LOUNGE WITH SITTING AREA IN LOBBY BAR

4.

BATHROOM

1.

2.

3.

4.

ALL ROOMS WITH ATTACHED BATHROOM MIN. AREA = 36 SQ.FT WITH SHOWER CABIN SOME ROOMS MUST HAVE BATH TUBS

S.NO

PRIVATE AREAS (GUEST)

TIME SAVERS STANDARDS (METER SQUARE)

NEUFERTS (METER SQUARE PER ROOM)

NEUFERTS (FOR A 100-ROOM CITY HOTEL)

1

SINGLE BEDROOM

11.14

10.5

1050

2

DOUBLE BEDROOM

14.86

12.0

1200

3

DELUXE BEDROOM

18.58

17..5

1750

4

SUITE BEDROOM

24.15

22.5

2250

BATHROOMS Ventilation Good ventilation is essential in bathrooms, both to reduce humidity and to dispel odors Exhaust fans in the wall or ceiling are often used to supplement Activities commonly performed in the bathroom natural ventilation . In interior bathroom spaces, a include washing of hands, face, and hair, mechanical exhaust is, of course, essential . bathing, elimination, and grooming, and also such activities as hand laundering and infant care Sound control . Often it is also used as a dressing room . Major Lack of acoustical privacy is one of the most problems in bathroom design include planning common complaints with regard to bathrooms .

Noise can be reduced by proper placement of the for optimum convenience and privacy of all bathroom in relation to other spaces, by the use bathroom functions for all members of the of closets and storage walls as sound barriers household, adequate provision for storage of supplies and equipment, and ease of cleaning . between it and adjacent spaces, as well as by the use of soundproof partitions and tightly fitted Arrangement doors . Acoustical treatment of the ceiling makes Facilities should be conveniently arranged, with the room more comfortable to use and reduces special attention given to clearances . The room somewhat the amount of sound transmitted arrangement should permit more than one through the walls. Acoustical tiles for use in the family member to use its facilities at the same bathroom should be moisture resistant and easily time cleaned .

Materials Illumination It is essential that all surface materials used in the Lighting should be adequate for all of the bathroom have moisture-resistant finishes . activities performed . For grooming, direct sources of light Aare essential in order to illuminate the face from all angles . High strip windows, clerestory windows, and skylights provide excellent over-all illumination in the daytime, while still affording privacy . Luminous ceilings are also effective, particularly in interior

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TWO-FIXTURE PLANS

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THREE-FIXTURE PLANS

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COMPARTMENTED PLAN

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BATHROOM ACCESSORIES Towel Bars Towel bars are an essential part of any bathroom, bringing both style and functionality to the room.

Bathroom Shelves Bathroom shelves can offer fashionable storage options for bathroom or dressing area.

Shower Baskets Shower baskets ensure that the shower stays organized and safe. Available in one and two-tier designs and fitting snugly in the corner of shower.

Toilet Paper Holders Mount toilet tissue in style with a new toilet tissue holder. Use a shiny chrome toilet paper holder or a brushed nickel toilet paper holder.

Toothbrush Holders Replace your old bathroom toothbrush holders with stylish, smooth, and trendy one.

Bathroom Heaters Bathroom heaters will change the way you take and shower by making the bathroom the perfect temperature for you whenever needed.

Bathroom Hooks Enhance your bathroom with stylish designed range of impressive bathroom hooks.

Bathroom Soap Dispensers It not only provides functionality but also adds to the décor and also serves the purpose of dispensing right amount of soap for sanitary needs.

Tissue holder Tissue holder available surface mounted or recessed Combination magazine rack, paper holder and shelf available surface mounted or recessed. 12X18X4 in.

Recessed lavatory vanity unit available with electrical outlet and mirrored doors; 30X9X4 in.

A . Mirror and medicine cabinet . Size is governed by use of shelf or shelftopped lavatory ; mirror should swing 7 in . Over any shelf . (A .1) Fixed mirror is desirable immediately above lavatory for children 7 to 14 years .

B . Shelf . Preferably recessed flush with wall. May be part of medicine cabinet or part of lavatory .

C, D, and E . Soap, toothbrush, and tumbler holders . May be separate units or combined ; flush or projecting type .

F . Receptacle for electric razor and hair dryer . Should be above and to right of lavatory; dead front type .

G. Razor blade disposal slot .

H . Towel bars . May be at level of shelf or lavatory top . In congested space provide upper bar for face cloths, lower bar for towels.

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CLOSETS: "A place for everything and everything in its place"

Closet for cleaning equipment:

Types of closets Closets are required for various purposes, in different parts of the guesthouse.

Clothes closet

.

Storage for bedroom linens and bedding

Miscellaneous storage

FIXTURES AND FITTINGS

Selection criteria of FF&E : APPEARANCE

AVAILABILITY

TYPES OF FURNITURE Door, windows and locks

Telepho nes

Television

Free-Standing : Furniture can be rearranged whenever necessary.

COMFORT FUNCTION

COST

DURABILITY

FURNITURE ITEMS IN A GUEST ROOM

CHAIRS , UPHOLSTERED TELEVISION CABINET CHAIRS & SOFAS

Upholstered: Furniture consists of a decorative outer covering of fabric(Linen).

Cantilevered: Furniture fixed on brackets fitted to the walls.

TABLES

DRESSNG TABLE

WARDROBE

BOOKSHELVES

LUGGAGE RACK

NIGHTSTAND

Antiques: Minibar

Guestroo m Safe

Heating Equipment

Furniture that are more than 100 or more years old.

Modular: Furniture built against a wall and makes most economical use of space

Fitted: A standalone furniture item with its own sides, base and top apart from the room walls, ceiling or floor

Built-in: Air conditio ner

Lighting Fixtures

Sanitary Fittings

Furniture Fitted and fixed into architectural set aside for them in the construction of building.

FURNITURE SIZES:

SANITARY FITTINGS:

LIGHTING FIXTURES Hospitality lighting is all about combining aesthetics and functionality guest rooms play host to a plethora of individuals, each with varied tastes when it comes to their lighting preferences and different needs throughout their stay. For hospitality lighting to have the right lighting at all times, it needs to have layers of light and easy controls for the guest.

Types of fixtures that can provide general ambient indoor lighting: • • • • • • •

Chandelier Ceiling mounted fixture Wall-mounted fixture Traditional recessed fixtures and / or LED downlights Track light Floor lamp Table lamp

Types of fixtures that provide ambient outdoor lighting: • • • • • •

Spotlight Hanging fixture Garage and canopy lighting Post lantern Wall lighting Recessed fixture used in overhanging structures

Types of Fixtures that Provide Accent Lighting: • • • • •

Track light Slim line bar and undercabinet Tape and extrusion Directional recessed fixture or downlight Wall-mounted fixtures

Types of Fixtures that Provide Task Lighting: • • • • •

Directional gimbal recessed fixture or downlight Pendant lighting Slim line bar and undercabinet Tape and extrusion Portable or desk lamp

LUX

The following is a lighting guide in lighting up all areas appropriately:

Lobby and Reception

Hallways

Lobbies and reception areas are the two spaces in which hotels welcome their guests for the first time It is essential to incorporate flexible and controlled lighting options to create a specific atmosphere.

Flexibility and beam distribution, downlights and traditional recessed fixtures are some of the most popular lighting choices for reception areas.

These spaces are leading guests to their rooms.

Adjusted lighting can reduce the “tunnel effect” and make the route more inviting and as well as safe for guests.

Downlights and ceiling mount luminaires can improve light levels while maintaining an inviting look.

FLOORING:

Guest Rooms A guest room is no longer just a room to sleep in, it has now multiple functions: it’s also a place where we eat, work, and relax.

The lighting layout needs to reflect the variety of uses and provide the correct light levels to meet all those functions.

DINING HALL The principal factors to be considered in planning the dining area are as follows: (1) Number of persons to be seated (2) Space used at the table (3) Space for chairs and for passage behind them (4) Seating arrangement (5) Size and type of furniture (6) Storage space for china, glassware, silver, and linen.

SIZE OF PLACE SETTING : The minimum width needed for each place setting is 21 in . ; however, a width of up to 29 in. Is desirable for greater freedom of movement. A 25-in. Width is usually adequate; this permits chairs 19 in. Wide to be placed 6 in . apart. The minimum depth for a place setting is 14

PASSAGE BEHIND CHAIRS: The minimum space recommended for passage behind chairs is 22 in.; a satisfactory range is 22 to 25 in. If passage behind the chairs is not required, a minimum of 5 in. plus the depth of the chair must be provided for pushing back the chair when leaving the table.

SIZE OF TABLE : The minimum width recommended is 36 in.; a satisfactory width is 36 to 44 in. If 25-in .-wide place settings are provided and if one person is seated at each end of the table.

DINING HALL

Persons

W X L (ft)

4 6 8 10 12

10x12 10x14 10x16 10x18 10x20

= Area (sq ft) 126 147 168 189 210

If no one is to be seated at either end of the table, the length may be reduced by 2 ft •Dining areas must accommodate furniture-either portable or built-in-for eating, sitting, serving and possible storage. Equipment for these dining functions may also be adapted to meet other possible requirements for this space-as studying, game playing, etc.

•Table space requirements per person are as follows: for crowded seating, l'-10" on the table's perimeter; for comfort, 2'-0".

DINING HALL • FURNITURE CLEARANCES To assure adequate space for convenient use of the dining area, not less than the following clearances from the edge of the dining table should be observed.

•32 in for chairs plus access thereto • 38 in for chairs plus access and passage • 42 in for serving from behind chair • 24 in for passage only • 48 in from table to base cabinet (in dining kitchen)

• MINIMUM CLEARANCE

DIFFERENT SIZES OF DINING TABLE

• The kitchen is not a specialized workroom, for it has many uses. It is used for preparation of meals, food preservation, storage of food and utensils, and also, in many cases, for eating, laundering, entertaining, and child care •Storage Kitchen design should be functional in the sense of minimizing reaching and stooping. Storage facilities should be no higher than a woman can reach with both feet flat on the floor. There should be sufficient space to store items so that they may be easily seen, reached, grasped, and taken down and put back without excessive strain. With proper planning, stored items can be located close to where they are first used, and unattractive items can be kept out of sight. Storage space should be sufficiently flexible to permit its adjustment to varying amounts, sizes, and kinds of food, supplies, and utensils. Shelving should be adjustable.

COUNTERS AND WORKING SURFACES The height of counters and working surfaces should permit a comfortable working posture.

VENTILATION The kitchen should be well ventilated, with an exhaust fan to remove objectionable kitchen odors.

K I T C H E N

• MINIMUM CLEARANCE

K I T C H E N

KITCHENS FOR 1-BEDROOM LIVING UNITS

REQUIREMENTS FOR KITCHEN Total shelf area: 50 sq ft minimum; not less than 20 sq ft in either wall or base cabinets. Total countertop area: 11 sq ft minimum. Total drawer area: 11 sq ft minimum. (If a 39-in. range is provided, it may be counted as 4 sq ft of base cabinet shelf area and 2 sq ft of countertop area.)

Wall shelving: 74 in. maximum height.

Countertop: 38 in. maximum height, 30 in. minimum height. Height between wall cabinets and counter top: 24 in. minimum over range and sink, 15 in. minimum elsewhere. (Shelving may be closer if it does not project beyond a line drawn from the front edge of the wall cabinet at an angle of 60 deg to the bottom of the cabinet.)

Depth of shelving: wall shelving-4 in. minimum, 18 in. maximum; base shelving 2 in. minimum, 24 in. maximum; countertop-15 in. minimum, 24 in. maximum. Spacing of shelving: if depth of shelf is 4-6 in., allow 5 in. minimum spacing, if 6-10 in. allow 6 in., if 10-15 in. allow 7 in., if 15-24 in. allow 10 in. Backsplash (required where countertop abuts walls): 4 in. minimum height.

Steel cabinets: minimum gages-case and drawer slides, 16; gussets and cross rails, 18; bottoms, door and drawer fronts and sides, 20; elsewhere, 22. Exhaust fan (required in ceiling or wall near range, or in hood over range): minimum capacity15 air changes per hour.

KITCHEN

MINIMUM DISTANCES FROM APPLIANCES TO INSIDE CORNERS OF BASE CABINETS

KITCHENS FOR 2-BEDROOM LIVING UNIT (WITH MINIMUM STORAGE, COUNTER AREA FIXTURES)

TYPICAL CABINET DIMENSIONS

KITCHEN DIFFERENT TYPES OF KITCHEN •The modular kitchen •The horseshoe kitchen •The one –walled kitchen •The G-shaped kitchen or peninsula •The galley kitchen •The L-shaped kitchen •The island kitchen

TYPES OF KITCHEN LAYOUT •One-wall kitchen •U-shaped kitchen •L-shaped kitchen •Island kitchen •G-shaped kitchen

ONE-WALL KITCHENS

ONE-WALL KITCHENS This efficient, “lean” layout is ideal for smaller spaces and one-cook kitchens. The galley kitchen also called a walk-through kitchen, is characterized by two walls opposite of each other—or two parallel countertops with a walkway in between them.

L-SHAPE. An L-shaped kitchen solves the problem of maximizing corner space, and it’s a smart design for small and medium sized kitchens. The versatile L-shaped kitchen consists of countertops on two adjoining walls that are perpendicular, forming an L. The “legs” of the L can be as long as you want, though keeping them less than 12 to 15 feet will allow you to efficiently use the space.

L-SHAPE.

HORSESHOE. The horseshoe or u-shape kitchen layout has three walls of cabinets/appliances.

Today, this design has evolved from three walls to an L-shaped kitchen with an island forming the third “wall.”

HORSESHOE.

ISLAND. A working kitchen island may include appliances and cabinetry for storage—and it always adds additional work surface to a kitchen. It can provide a place to eat (with stools), to prepare food (with a sink) and to store beverages (with a wine cooler).

The island can turn a one-wall kitchen into a galley style, and an L-shaped layout into a horseshoe.

ISLAND.

PENINSULA

A peninsula kitchen is basically a connected island, converting an Lshaped layout into a horseshoe, or turning a horseshoe kitchen into a Gshaped design. Peninsulas function much like islands but offer more clearance in kitchens that do not allow appropriate square footage for a true island.

PENINSULA

SPATIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DINNING AND KITCHEN •We generally recommend at least 36 inches between the edge of your table and other furniture or the wall. This provides enough room for someone to walk behind the chairs while others are seated or to open a door on a nearby cabinet.

•HOW MUCH SPACE DO YOU NEED AROUND A DINING TABLE? For a seating area around a dining table to feel comfortable and not cramped, 36 inches between the table edge and walls or obstructions is necessary to provide room for guests to enter and exit their chairs. In a cramped setting or fixed-seat environment such as a boothstyle seat, 24 inches is sufficient.

•Every kitchen needs a minimum of 10 feet of countertop space. If the kitchen is over 175 square feet the minimum should be 17 linear feet. A good rule of thumb is to have 1 lineal foot of counter to every 10 square feet of floor space.

•The average small kitchen measures 70 square feet or less. The average midsize kitchen measures 100 to 200 square feet. The average large kitchen measures over 200 square feet.

COMMON AREAS

The space, to which each occupier shares facilities, should be accessible to all occupiers/guests.

o COMMON ROOM (T.V. ROOM) o DINING HALL o LOBBY-LOUNGE

THE LOBBY-LOUNGE • The lounge is usually allotted about 6 sq ft per guest room • The lounge usually adjoins the lobby so that guests waiting in the lobby can overflow into the lounge • Some designers simply designate the area "Lobby-Lounge" with no demarcation between them.

COMMON ROOM Planning Considerations • • •

Through traffic should be separated from activity centres.

Openings should be located so as to give enough wall space for various furniture arrangements.

Convenient access should be provided to doors, windows, electric outlets, thermostats, and supply grills.

Furniture Clearances • • • • •

1500mm between facing seating 600mm where circulation occurs between furniture 750mm for use of desk 900mm for main traffic 1500mm between television set and seating

FURNITURE SIZES AND CLEARANCES

BANQUET HALL Banquet hall is used for many purposes including wedding, reception, anniversary, birthday or corporate events

Receiving area Storage Pre-preparation Final-preparation Services area Dining

Receiving area General description:

Delivery of the goods Relationship to others:

Storage area.

Access for vehicles.

Pre-preparation area. *receiving area of 100-120 sq ft. is adequate for a banquet hall

Pre preparation General description:

Where food is processed, mixed.

Relationship to others:

Preparation area (hot food)

preparation

20% area

Storage

General description:

Dry food storage Paper storage Refrigerated storage Utensils storage

STORAGE

PRE-PREPARATION

FINAL PREPARATION

Relationship to others:

SERVICES Receiving Pre-preparation Final preparation area General description: Frying, steaming, grilling Typically occurs when meal is served Pre-preparation

80% area

Relationship to others:

Pre-preparation area

ADMINISTRATIVE AREA • The administration of a hotel operation depends entirely upon its size. A small hotel will most likely have an office for a manager, who may have his secretary working in the same room with him.

The door to his office faces the public lobby, and an additional door is provided so that he can go from his office to the front desk. This is the simplest operation and is found only in the smaller hotels.

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A larger, medium-sized hotel will have a manager and an assistant manager and, as a rule, there will be e reception office where one or two typist receptionists will be acting as a buffer between the public and the manager. As a hotel project grows larger, the administrative area grows more complex. Aside from the manager and the assistant manager, there may be an office for a food and beverage manager and a banquet manager. A larger hotel, with sizable convention facilities, will also have an office for the convention manager and his assistants. Obviously, as the complexity of the office and administrative area grows, a more careful and detailed study is, perforce.

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It must be borne in mind that this front of the house works closely with the back of the house. Many of the people in the administrative area will deal with guests as well as hotel customers seeking to arrange for luncheons, banquets, and conventions.

Accessibility to the public, therefore, is of the utmost importance.

STORAGE SPACES •

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Storage rooms often serve as multifunctional spaces that help keep the space from looking cluttered. The best system to incorporate in a storage room depends on what's being stored, what else the room is being used for.

Items to store behind closed doors - Cleaning supplies, clothes, project materials such as paint or leftover upholstery fabric, poisons such as bug spray Items to store on open shelves - Extra bed or bath linens, ceramic or terra-cotta pots, books or board games Stuff to hang on wall hooks - Could vary by large items such as bicycles or smaller things like tools, coats or hats Small things to put in baskets or drawers - arts and crafts supplies, knitting, sewing or quilting materials, tools, magazine collections, shoes, gloves or stocking caps Although the main focus is storage, the room may also be used for activities, such as laundry if it's a utility room or basement, or it may serve as a mud room if connected to a side or back door.

Utility Rooms Built-in cabinetry and shelves surrounding the washer and dryer in a laundry room provide convenient storage for the home's cleaning supplies, laundering supplies and extra clean linens.

LAUNDARY ROOM A laundry room is a room where clothes are washed. a laundry room would be equipped with an automatic washing machine and clothes dryer, and often a large basin, called a laundry tub, for handwashing delicate articles of clothing such as sweaters, and an ironing board.

amount of washing arising in kg of dry laundry Guest house: •

Approx. 8kg/bed

Hotels: • • • • • • • •

Approx. kg/bed (bedclothes and hand towels changed daily) Approx. 12-15kg/bed (change of bedclothes 4 times/week) Approx. 8-10 kg/bed (change of bedclothes 2-3 times/week) Approx. 5kg/bed (tourist hotel, change of bedclothes once/week)

Restaurant : •

Approx. 1.5-3kg/seat

Some laundries may have to be separated into ‘clean’ and ‘soiled’ sections On soiled side, the floor, walls and surfaces of all installed equipment must be suitable for wet cleaning and disinfection

SERVICES 1. LAUNDRY SERVICE A laundry service is a service in a hotel that washes and irons clothes for guests. A hotel laundry that does its own uniforms and flatwork (sheets, pillowcases, linens, etc.) requires a good-sized space for washers, dryers, drum ironers, and various pressing machines-each suitable for its own type of flatwork, uniforms and guests' laundry, and men's and women's wearing apparel. If the laundry is done by a laundry service out of the hotel, then items like towels require a comparatively small space for washing and drying, since only washers and fluff dryers are necessary, together with an area for folding and stacking the clean towels.

2. HOUSEKEEPING DEPARTMENT Housekeeping refers to the management of duties and chores involved in the running of a household, such as cleaning, cooking, home maintenance, shopping, and bill payment. These tasks may be performed by members of the household, or by other persons hired for the purpose. The term is also used to refer to the money allocated for such use. By extension, an office or organization, as well as the maintenance of computer storage systems. A housekeeper is a person employed to manage a household and the domestic staff.

3. FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICE The food and beverage service is part of the service-oriented hospitality sector. It can be a part of a large hotel or tourism business and it can also be run as an independent business. The members of the F&B Services team are required to perform a wide range of tasks which include preparation for service, greeting the guests, taking their orders, settling the bills, and performing various other tasks after the guests leave.

NECESSARY REQUIREMENTS The Govt. of India, Ministry of Tourism has a voluntary Scheme for approval of Guest Houses in the country. Guest Houses seeking approval should have the following features:(i) Minimum 6 (six) lettable rooms with proper ventilation and 6 meters approach road for Taxi / Ambulance (the road width of minimum 6 metres would not be mandatory in those cities, where Guest Houses on road width of less than 6 metres are permitted as per bye-laws/ local rules) (ii) Minimum size of the room should be 120 sq. ft. for double bed (or more). For single bed room, the minimum size of the room should be 80 sq.ft. (iii) Minimum size of the bathroom should be 30 sq. ft. for double room. For single bed room, the minimum bathroom size should be 20 sq.ft. (iv) 25% of the rooms should have air–conditioning / heating facilities (v) Sufficient lighting, wardrobe, shelves, opaque curtains or screening on all windows (vi) Western W.C. toilet (vii) Reception facility with telephone (viii) Dining room serving breakfast and dinner with proper cutlery and glassware (dining room would not be mandatory in cases where the local bye-laws of the concerned State / local body do not permit dining room in Guest houses. (Similarly, bar would not be mandatory in cases where the local bye-laws of the concerned State / local body do not permit dining room in Guest Houses) (ix) Segregated wet and dry garbage disposal system should be available (x) Cleanliness & Hygiene: Front areas/ public areas, rooms, kitchen, store, pantry, refrigerator, dining area/ bar (where applicable as per bye-laws), garbage area, staff facilities and back areas including maintenance areas (Note: Minimum 60% marks are required under criteria No. 6 of the Mark Sheet regarding Cleanliness/ Hygiene) (xi) Tie-up with nearby Hospital or Doctor-on-Call facility (xii) Safe- keeping facilities at the reception (xiii) Fire and emergency measures (xiv) RO treated/UV treated water / Branded bottled water to be made available for guests. Availability of 24 hours water. RO treated/UV treated water to be used for cooking (xv) Facility for adequate parking space (xvi) Pest control of all front of the house, guest rooms, kitchen (where permitted), staff facilities and back areas to be done regularly. (xvii) Registration with local authorities like Police, Municipality, Electricity, Water, Fire, State Tourism Department or Corporation (xviii) CCTV in public areas with data backup is mandatory.

CASE STUDY 1. INSIDE OUT HOUSE - TAURIAN GUEST HOUSE, GURGAON 2. GUEST HOUSE , GURGAON, INDIA 3. DENGFENGLAI GUEST HOUSE , ZHEJIANG, CHINA

Inside Out House - Taurian Guest House, Gurgaon

Client's Brief The brief given by the client was simple, 'convert this existing house into a boutique guest house for corporate use'. The first visit to the site revealed a small, almost run down unit built on a tight plot.

Requirement The project involves the modernization of an old house that was built on an extremely tight site. Services had to be relayed and the building design had to be transformed. Time and money posed as the constraints in this reconstruction and retrofit project. Archohm took up these constraints and attempted to convert them into design solutions.

Archohm Design Solution The existing frame was developed as an earthy and rustic envelope to create comfortable high-end guest rooms. The living and common spaces are intrinsically integrated with the landscape to create a continuous and flowing spatial layout. The corresponding 'inside-out' ambience helps to redefine the space and creates the illusion of a larger and greener environment. An additional floor was constructed and the façade was redone to enhance the qualitative and quantitative volume of the space.

On the ground floor, rooms have been extended into the open spaces by creating transparent partitions that can easily be opened. Continuous pavement patterns help to visually link spaces. This results in the efficient use of setbacks, reduction in construction, controlled budgets, enriched internal visual experiences and inclusion of natural light and greenery into the interior spaces. The guest rooms are provided with bold single monochrome colors of either black or white, allowing one to play with colors through softer elements of furnishings and fixtures.

On the first floor, the client's personal suite reflects the building's 'natural' theme through clay floor tiles, earthen walls and an extended private terrace integrated into a seamless single volume. A circular bed sits at the center of this suite with a side carpet that highlights the client's Taurian symbol. An inbuilt study incorporated behind the bed as a headrest, a bench sofa and a corner television unit helps to create a simplistic, but welcoming layout.

The bathroom on the first floor expands on the notion of 'central space' with the apt use of the award-winning bathroom by Archohm called - 'self'. The selected white corian 'Self', is a monolithic, central bathroom piece, that adds a spacious characteristic to the interiors, while the bath tub overlooks a green view of the terrace.

All in all, this inside-out house is punctuated with customized, designed light features such as the twilight, an interesting furniture sofa that swings and stone tables accessorized with Italian clocks and Portuguese artwork- creating an abode that is able to subtly, but holistically, celebrate design.

Keeping in mind the landscape and the exterior of this project, this proves to be an extreme exercise in Agra red stone and its various forms and finishes. It effectively brought in the needed rustic flavor to the client's 'iron ore mining' guesthouse. Scaled to bring a sense of 'home' within the residential environment of Gurgaon, this project highlights the concept of spatial and material continuity.

Agra Red Sandstone has been used in its purest form. Simple pillars and blocks of the stone, devoid of any texture or carving, highlight the beauty of the material and use it to enhance the 'natural' concept of the design.

2.7-meter high pillars mark the entrance making way for an interesting boundary wall and screen. Varied sized blocks of sandstone are randomly placed across the garden as stools, tables and stepping-stones creating a playful ambience. The living room wall, which opens up in to the front garden, is also dry-clad with Agra Red Sandstone, in sawn and natural split form, enabling the outside ambience to subtly seep inside.

To contrast the Agra Red, Black Pebbles have been sprinkled at the base and a black granite sculptural birdbath adds the final touch to the ingenious external landscape layout.

CASE STUDY GUEST HOUSE LOCATION: GURUGRAM,INDIA SITE: 500 sq.m.

DESIGNED: 2008 COMPLETED: 2010 PROJECT TEAM: KAPIL AGGRAWAL NIKHIL KANT

To add more to the canvas the architect introduces an abstract steel frame shaped structure which act as a sunshade elements and it continues to form a part of the railing at bottom .

The beauty of the building has been enhanced by the use of multiple grooved panels painted in different shades in the front elevation.

A pool in the courtyard with Buddha at the center and water flowing become a focal point of the court

The panels seen to be like a puzzle blocks but uniquely arranged to create this abstract pattern which just seem to merge within the structure itself.

The subtle shifting of the interior volume defined by double height together with the house’s thoughtfully utilized materials with diverse textured outdoor environments, balances serenity and dynamism.

The primary concept of the guest house was to design a home for the guests that incorporate the modernist philosophies while being well adapted to today’s contemporary lifestyle.

The Buddha statue with the building background symbolizes connectivity between the past and present

The front courtyard and the rear landscape emphasize the connection between the inside and the outside.

The sound of the flowing water of the fountain becomes so mesmerizing that it rejuvenates the feeling of inner peace with oneself and with nature.

FEATURES • As one enter the building a person is led to a double height lobby and the feeling of openness engulf a person fully.

• The entrance lobby has this abstract shape reception table with curved wooden partition at the rear creating screen to the room at the back.

• The waiting area has interesting artwork (designed by architect) in form of multiple panels which extends on double height wall.

• It has been designed with 17 bed room of two types one with 2 single beds and the other with one double bed .

• All bedrooms has been placed on the periphery of the site.

• The whole interior has been perceived as a modern art with emphasis given to abstract form which is reflected in the reception table, and the backdrop is of curved wooden partition.

• The light in the interior engulf the room.

• It seem as though the interior itself has come to life .

• The interior glow in the surrounding and color paintings add vibrancy to the interiors.

• Two types of beds, one with 2 single beds has veneer cladding on the ceiling with teak battens continuing from ceiling to wall.

• The platform over the beds has a projected box with blue light at one end of the toilet with glass partition and blinds are pulled down at the time of usage similarly double bedroom has back bed with an abstract painting being part of the bed itself.

The rooms are placed on ground floor.

• The lift lobby placed at the centre which can be accessed easily on all floors, the staircase is placed at the rear which can be approached by the side entry door. 5 rooms respectively on 1st and 2nd floors whereas suite has been placed in the basements.

PLANS AND VIEWS

INTERIORS

CASE STUDY DENGFENGLAI GUEST HOUSE • • • • • • • •

LOCATION ADDRESS: ZHOUSHAN, ZHEJIANG, CHINA Architects: ZX STUDIO Location: Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China Category: Hostel Area: 400.0 m2 Project Year: 2019 Photographs: Ye Mu

LIMITATIONS AND CLAIMS This project is located in Shengshan Town, Zhoushan City, Zhejiang province.

The local B&B project has a clear implementation manual, which limits the total area, floor area, height of the building, and even the architectural style. As a result, architectural styling and space creation are extremely limited As the most inhabited island in the east of China, Shengshan Island has humid air, strong winds and even typhoons. The construction materials are limited, and transportation costs and labour costs are significantly higher than those outside the island.

The owner and sister hope that the area should be used as much as possible, try to have different feelings in each room, and each room should have as many sea-viewing interfaces as possible; hope to at least be the top-ranking B&B project in Zhoushan area, and try to control the cost.

PLANS AND SECTIONS

GFLOOR

1ST FLOOR

2ND FLOOR

3RD FLOOR

FORM AND LANDSCAPE In the phase of conceptual design, more than ten conceptual plans were provided for discussion, and the owner finally chose this several-block occlusion scheme. In more than a year, I have been on the island more than ten times. Once the owner mentioned, I haven’t been to a deserted village (a local tourist attraction), so I went there and went on a chat and continued to discuss the plan. Their hometown was originally in this village. Due to the inconvenience of life, the villagers gradually moved away. She felt that the staggered occlusion of the body in the implementation scheme was not similar to the scattered house in the village.

Perhaps it is a coincidence, perhaps a similar form has drawn memories.

However, it can be clarified that the starting point of the layout of the physical design of the case is based on the owner's appeal and the site landscape resources.

The project is completed, the seven rooms are different, 101 have a private pool area; 201 has a picture frame sea view, facing the central island in the distance; 202 has a 270-degree wide-format sea view; 203 has a mountain and sea view; 301 is Suite, living room bedroom with wide format sea view, bedroom with full bed size skylight and private small courtyard; 302 is also a duplex suite, living room 270 panoramic sea, bedroom and main guard with starry skylight, and sea breeze terrace Spacious separate small courtyard. 303 lying in bed to see the mountains to see the sea can also see the stars.

PATH AND FEELING The project itself is not large in size, and the building is only about 400 square meters. The site will be slightly looser than other projects on the island.

The plan stretches the path up the mountain and bends the path inside the courtyard to appropriately lengthen the walking route of the guests, to precipitate the state of mind and increase the expectations of the guests.

SPACE AND TIME Through the horizontal and vertical multi-layer penetration of the space, together with the change of the position of the window, the light entering the room is controlled to appear, and the line of sight is infinitely elongated, allowing the space to flow. I hope that in a small space, through the design method, the perceptual space will be enlarged, the time will be slowed down, and the space type will be enriched. In order to avoid the relatively monotonous and uninteresting experience in the regular corridor string type of project.

A HOUSE WITH PEOPLE The owner spent a year looking for the land and half a year looking for the designer. After another year, the project is nearly completed. In order to meet the peak of customer flow, the project is now in normal operation, but part of it is still gradually improved. The house lives by people and varies from person to person.

C O N C LU S I O N  The idea is to create a relationship between the built & the unbuilt spaces  Aesthetics are cared for, sometime at the stake of comfort if not function properly  The site is wellsegregated into various zones with respect to function  Circulation spaces are minimised to