'MASDAR' THE SUSTINABLE CITY

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CASE STUDY

MASDAR CITY SUBMITTED BY:- APURWA KUMARI 17BAC01 SEM IX

INTRODUCTION z

LOCATION :- ABU DHABI , UAE ARCHITECTS :- BRITISH ARCHITECTURAL FIRM FOSTER AND PARTNERS AREA :- 6 SQ KM ESTIMATE :- US$18.7 and US$19.8 billion.

CLIMATE :- HOT AND DRY

MASTER z PLAN

62% RESIDENTIAL 10% COMMUNITY FACILITIES 10% OFFICES 4% RETAIL 7% RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 4% LIGHT INDUSTRIAL 3% HOTEL & SERVICED APARTMENTS INSTITUTIONAL MOSQUE PARK AND OPEN SPACES UTILITIES METRO LINE LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT GROUP RAPID TRANSIT PERSONAL RAPID TRANSIT PERSONAL RAPID TRANSIT EXTN 4% LIGHT INDUSTRIAL

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ABOUT

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Masdar City is an ecology project in Abu Dhabi which started construction in 2008.

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The city sits next to Abu Dhabi International Airport. It hosts the headquarters of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA).

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The aim of Masdar City were to:

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Specialise in greenhouse gas emission reduction projects and develop large-scale renewable energy projects.

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Rely entirely on solar energy and other renewable energy sources.

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Become a hub for clean tech companies.

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Provide homes for about 50,000 people.

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Provide facilities for 1,500 businesses, primarily commercial and manufacturing firms specialising in environmentally friendly products, and create 10,000 new jobs, with more than 60,000 workers expected to commute to the city daily.

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Create a new tertiary education institution, the Masdar Institute of Science and Technology (MIST), modelled on MIT, which was founded in 2007, a year after the Masdar initiative began, and admitted its first students in 2009.

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VISION

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Masdar City aims to be one of the world’s most sustainable urban developments powered by renewable energy. It aims to do this by:

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Ensuring a low carbon footprint during and after its construction.

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Being completely powered by renewable energy.

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Reducing waste to as near to zero as possible, through encouraging changes in behaviour and regulating materials which can be present in the city.

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Leading research and education into sustainable technology.

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Designing the city streets and buildings to help create comfortable environments reducing the need for air conditioning, heating, and artificial light.

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Educating three quarters of the 40,000 residents with 5 hours of sustainability education each year.

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Leading research at its university to ensure the city retains its sustainable identification and leading knowledge in sustainable living.

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Implementing full pedestrianisation within the city, with the transport network below ground.

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Orientation

 – seeking the maximum efficiency gains at the

lowest cost by optimally orienting the city grid and buildings to minimise solar heat gain on building walls and the street, while maximising cooling nighttime breezes.

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RATING

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Buildings within Masdar City are mandated to achieve a minimum 3-Pearl rating under the Estidama Pearl Building Rating System (PBRS).

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They are designed to reduce energy by at least 40% compared to ASHRAE* standards and reduce water consumption by at least 40% in accordance with Estidama Pearl Building Rating System baselines.

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FACTS

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The Etihad Eco-Residence complex is designed to achieve a 60% reduction in total energy consumption compared to the industry baseline, use 40% less potable water and recycle more than 85% of its construction waste.

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Etihad Airways flew the world’s first commercial flight using locally produced jet fuel derived from plants that grow at salt marshes or beaches.

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The landmark flight flew from Abu Dhabi to Amsterdam, marking a major milestone in the development of eco-friendly alternative to crude oil to reduce carbon emissions.

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The special fuel used was produced in the UAE through the Sustainable Bioenergy Research Consortium (SBRC). It was derived from oil in Salicornia plants, also known as glasswort or picklegrass, which were grown on a two-hectare farm, the Seawater Energy and Agriculture System (SEAS) in Masdar City.

DESIGN

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Masdar City has terracotta walls decorated with arabesque patterns.

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City’s streets are oriented on a southeastnorthwest axis to catch the prevailing winds for cooling. The street widths are minimized and lined with buildings which provide street shading.

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The temperature in the streets is generally 15 to 20 °C (27 to 36 °F) cooler than the surrounding desert.

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The site is raised above the surrounding land to create a slight cooling effect. Buildings are clustered close together to create streets and walkways shielded from the sun.

Porous but solid, heavy thermal mass, solar panels and recessed balconies creates the ultimate balance between solar

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CONSTRUCTION

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Each building in Masdar City is constructed with low-carbon cement,

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utilises 90 per cent recycled aluminium, and is designed to reduce energy and water consumption by at least 40 per cent.

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These criteria are set in accordance with the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification and the UAE’s Estidama Pearl Rating System.

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SERVICES

Renewable Energy Landmarks 

Solar PV Plant

Masdar utilises the three most commercially viable types of solar panels to convert the sun’s energy into electricity.

These photovoltaic (PV) technologies include • • •

monocrystalline silicon panels, polycrystalline silicon panels, and thin-film panels.

Depending on the solar potential, geographical location, and financial requirements of a specific solar PV project, a suitable PV system is implemented to meet the project’s needs.

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Concentrated Solar Power

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Concentrated solar power (CSP) systems use mirrors to focus a large area of sunlight onto a much smaller area.

When the concentrated light is converted into heat, it drives a heat engine connected to an electrical power generator. CSP systems are considered a promising solar power technology for large-scale power generation. When CSP is coupled with thermal energy storage (TES), it is capable of producing constant power (baseload) for up to 24 hours a day.

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Masdar has developed different types of concentrated solar power systems. The 100-megawatt (MW) Shams 1 plant uses a parabolic trough system, which concentrates sunlight onto oil-filled pipes.The oil is heated and this heat, in turn, produces steam, which drives a conventional steam turbine.

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Masdar’s 20MW Gemasolar plant in Spain uses an array of reflectors, or heliostats, that reflect sunlight onto a central receiver, which stores heat as molten salt. This, in turn, generates steam, which drives a steam turbine.

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Wind Tower

Cool breezes from higher up are redirected down the tower to the pedestrian level, displacing and pushing hot air up and away from the courtyard and ground floors of the surrounding buildings.

45m wind tower redirects breezes downward, cooling the courtyard.

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WATER MANAGEMET

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Water-use reduction technologies include high- efficiency appliances,

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low-flow showers, highly efficient laundry systems, a water tariff that promotes water efficiency, incentives, real-time monitoring, smart water metres that inform consumers of their consumption, reducing leakage ultimately to 1%,

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treated wastewater recycling, and high-efficiency irrigation and low- water use landscaping, particularly through use of indigenous desert flora.

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The current wastewater system combines grey water and black water for processing and treatment at the city‟s membrane bioreactor (MBR) plant.

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Waste water treatment at Masdar City is being provided by a membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a capacity of 1,500 cubic metres per day.

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The MBR process involves a suspended, growth-activated sludge system that uses microporous membranes for solid/liquid separation in lieu of secondary clarifiers. The treated sewage effluent produced at the MBR will be used for landscaping. The biosolids resulting from the wastewater treatment can be reused for compositing and in any future waste-toenergy plant.

Bioreactor Waste water

Membrane fitration Air outlet

Treated water (reuse)

Excess sludge Aeration

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WASTE MANAGEMENT

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Masdar City‟s waste management strategy seeks to minimise waste to landfill and maximise the resource potential of materials (i.e., recycling and reuse).

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As a first step, systems will be used and awareness will be raised to reduce the amount of waste generated in the city, i.e., by encouraging reusable bags and containers.

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vacuum waste systems may be implemented to automatically remove all waste from point of use. Once collected, the waste is sorted into compostable, nonrecyclable and recyclable waste.

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All appropriate bio-waste will be composted and the product used to enrich the landscaping. Recyclable waste will be processed in the city or as close by as possible.

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Water

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Air-to-Water

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Masdar is collaborating with Zero Mass Water to turn water vapour into drinking water through an innovative device called SOURCE. The self-contained device makes, mineralises and delivers drinking water by extracting water vapour from the air using fans and absorbent materials, before collecting it in a reservoir and treating it with minerals. The device is also powered by solar panels.

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Material Recycling Centre

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Masdar City and its contractors are diverting up to 96% of construction waste from landfill and using it in the build of the city.

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Masdar City is working to minimise waste during the construction process by seeking to reuse and recycle all waste steel, concrete and timber generated during building.

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construction waste is brought by contractors to the onsite Material Recycling Centre (MRC) for separation and processing.

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The 12-hectare site is divided into areas for concrete, wood, metal and other materials, which then are made available for use by other contractors working on site.

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Wood is segregated and stockpiled for reuse in building the city or processing in a wood chipper. Steel, other metals and plastics are collected and sent offsite for recycling. Concrete waste is ground down using a crusher for reuse in construction.

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Mobility

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Eco-Bus

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The Eco-Bus comprises a lightweight aluminium body and temperature-resistant, water-cooled batteries. The bus has been designed with advanced air-conditioning and electrochromic windows that enhance shading. A low-entry floor enables easy access while the bus has a seated capacity of 27 and additional safe-standing room.

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EV Rapid Charger Station

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Masdar City installed the first rapid charging station for electric vehicles (EV) in the Middle East.

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NAVYA

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NAVYA is a pioneer and specialist in the autonomous vehicle market and their Autonom Shuttle vehicle is designed to perform all safety-critical driving functions and monitor roadway conditions for an entire trip.

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Agriculture

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Madar Farms

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Masdar City and UAE-based agri-tech startup Madar Farms have installed the Leafy Green Machine container at Masdar Park, a small-scale and vertical hydroponic farm that grows more than 30 variants of herbs and lettuce for sale throughout the year.

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Seawater Energy and Agriculture System

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The Seawater Energy and Agriculture System (SEAS) research facility is an initiative of the Sustainable Bioenergy Research Consortium (SBRC).

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It aims to support the emergence of a commercially viable aviation biofuel industry while exploring more sustainable farming methods suitable for the UAE.

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The project at Masdar City recycles wastewater from an aquafarm to irrigate oil-rich and saltwatertolerant salicornia plants.

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The remaining wastewater is filtered through a natural mangrove before being discharged into the sea.

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Recreation

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Masdar Park

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Masdar Park is 2,500 square metres of recreational space. The park features a children’s playground, a music wall and art installations themed on sustainability. Solarpowered benches for charging of devices, and interact with 'The Tree of Light’ made from recycled building materials. The Tree of Light changes colours when touched.

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In addition to a picnic area, the park has eight shops and food & beverage outlets, each housed inside brightly coloured and solarpowered recycled shipping containers.

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Running and Cycling Track

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The Al Mamsha trail starts at Masdar Park and stretches for 5.6 kilometres around Masdar City, taking in sustainability landmarks such as the Eco-Villa.

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Sporting Facilities and Outdoor Gym

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An outdoor basketball court and football pitch are also located adjacent to Masdar Park.

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Outdoor gyms can also be found along on the Al Mamsha trail.

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Walkability:

It focuses on outdoor environmental comfort and establishing a walkable cityscape by orienting streets and sikkak (pedestrian pathways) towards prevailing winds to create cool and shaded areas for walking, biking, and commuting to the city’s other neighborhoods

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Sustainable Buildings

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International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) HQ

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Etihad Eco-Residence

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Siemens Middle East HQ

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Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence

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Majid Al Futtaim My City Centre Masdar

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The Knowledge Centre

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Incubator

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Leonardo Residences

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Krypto Labs

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The Accelerator Building

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Tech Park

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Green Building Prototypes

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Eco-Villa Prototype

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Saint-Gobain Multi-Comfort Home

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CONCLUSION

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The primary intent of building sustainable smart cities is to achieve and preserve an ecologically balanced system.

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Maximum generation and utilization of solar, tidal, wind and geothermal sources as natural energy would be the future options to bring down global warming.

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Masdar city demonstrates that green initiatives can complement smart technologies, trends and practices in oil-reliant nations and help in driving a dynamic economic and ecological system.

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The overall concept of Masdar City promotes features such as smart infrastructure, intelligent building design that reduces water and energy needs, zero-carbon public transportation etc. all borne out of smart planning, smart energy, smart water and smart waste management.

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The Masdar project is, therefore seen as valuable because of its contribution to a smart and green environment.which makes living in the city convenient, comfortable and happy for its 40,000, targeted population.

z BUILDING DESIGN

ENERGY GENERATION

WASTE

CONVENTIONAL OIL AND GAS LANDFILL

TRANSPORTATION

FOSSIL FUEL

BUILDING DESIGN

ENERGY EFFICENT

ENERGY GENERATION

RENEWABLE

WASTE

TRANSPORTATION

RECYCLING/ WASTE TO ENERGY

ELECTRIC/ SOLAR

CARBON OFFSETTING/ CARBON SEQUESTRATION

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