Solution Manual For Curren's Math for Meds Dosages and Solutions, 11th Edition anna M. Curren

Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

Problems 1.1 (page 3) 1. 3.5 2.7 4.2 c. 4.2 has the largest whole number and therefore the greatest value.

2. 6.15 5.95 4.54 a. 6.15 has the largest whole number and therefore the greatest value.

3. 12.02 10.19 11.04 a. 12.02 has the largest whole number and therefore the greatest value.

4. 2.5 1.75 0.75 Rewrite 2.5 as 2.50 a. 2.5 has the largest whole number and therefore the greatest value.

5. 4.3 2.75 5.1 Rewrite 4.3 as 4.30, and rewrite 5.1 as 5.10 c. 5.1 has the largest whole number and therefore the greatest value.

6. 6.15 7.4 5.95 Rewrite 7.4 as 7.40 b. 7.4 has the largest whole number and therefore the greatest value.

7. 7.25 8.1 9.37 Rewrite 8.1 as 8.10 c. 9.37 has the largest whole number and therefore the greatest value.

8. 4.25 5.1 3.75 Rewrite 5.1 as 5.10 b. 5.1 has the largest whole number and therefore the greatest value.

9. 9.4 8.75 7.4 Rewrite 9.4 as 9.40, and rewrite 7.4 as 7.40 a. 9.4 has the largest whole number and therefore the greatest value.

10. 5.1 6.33 4.2 Rewrite 5.1 as 5.10, and rewrite 4.2 as 4.20 b. 6.33 has the largest whole number and therefore the greatest value.

Problems 1.2 (page 4) 1. 0.4 0.2 0.5 c. 0.5 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

2. 2.73 2.61 2.87 c. 2.87 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

3. 0.19 0.61 0.34 b. 0.61 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

4. 3.5 3.75 3.25 Rewrite 3.5 as 3.50 b. 3.75 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

5. 0.3 0.25 0.4 Rewrite 0.3 as 0.30, and rewrite 0.4 as 0.40 c. 0.4 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

6. 1.35 1.29 1.4 Rewrite 1.4 as 1.40 c. 1.4 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

7. 2.5 2.7 2.35 Rewrite 2.5 as 2.50, and rewrite 2.7 as 2.70 b. 2.7 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

8. 4.51 4.75 4.8 Rewrite 4.8 as 4.80 c. 4.8 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

9. 0.8 0.3 0.4 a. 0.8 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

10. 2.1 2.05 2.15 Rewrite 2.1 as 2.10 First, compare the tenths place: 2.05 has the smallest number in the tenths place.

2.10 and 2.15 have the same value in the tenths place.

Next, compare the hundredths place for 2.10 and 2.15. c. 2.15 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

Problems 1.3 (page 5) 1. 0.12 0.15 0.17 c. 0.17 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

2. 1.2 1.24 1.23 Rewrite 1.2 as 1.20 b. 1.24 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

3. 0.37 0.3 0.36 Rewrite 0.3 as 0.30 a. 0.37 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

4. 3.27 3.25 3.21 a. 3.27 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

5. 0.16 0.11 0.19 c. 0.19 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

6. 4.23 4.2 4.09 Rewrite 4.2 as 4.20 First, compare the tenths place: 4.09 has the smallest number in the tenths place.

4.20 and 4.23 have the same value.

Next, compare the hundredths place for 4.20 and 4.23. a. 4.23 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

7. 3.27 3.21 3.29 c. 3.29 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

8. 2.75 2.73 2.78 c. 2.78 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

9. 0.31 0.37 0.33 b. 0.37 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

10. 0.43 0.45 0.44 b. 0.45 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

Problems 1.4 (page 5) 1. 0.25 has the higher value. The decimal fraction that has the largest number representing the tenths place has the higher value. 2 is higher than 1; therefore, 0.25 has a higher value than 0.125.

Problems 1.5 (page 6) 1. 0.24 0.5 0.125 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 0.24 equals 0.240 0.5 equals 0.500 Compare the numbers from left to right: 0.240, 0.500, 0.125 all have the same whole number. b. 0.500 or 0.5 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

2. 0.4 0.45 0.5 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 0.4 equals 0.40 0.5 equals 0.50 Compare the numbers from left to right: 0.40, 0.45, and 0.50 all have the same whole number. c. 0.50 or 0.5 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

3. 7.5 6.25 4.75 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 7.5 equals 7.50 Compare the numbers from left to right. a. 7.50 or 7.5 has the largest whole number and therefore the greatest value.

4. 0.3 0.25 0.35 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 0.3 equals 0.30 First, compare the numbers from left to right: 0.30, 0.25, and 0.35 all have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place: 0.25 has the smallest number in the tenths place.

0.30 and 0.35 have the same number in the tenths place.

Finally, compare the hundredths place. c. 0.35 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

5. 1.125 1.75 1.5 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 1.75 equals 1.750 1.5 equals 1.500 First, compare the numbers from left to right: 1.125, 1.750, 1.500 all have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place. b. 1.750 or 1.75 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

6. 4.5 4.75 4.25 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 4.5 equals 4.50 First, compare the numbers from left to right: 4.50, 4.75, 4.25 all have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place. b. 4.75 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

7. 0.1 0.01 0.04 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 0.1 equals 0.10 First, compare the numbers from left to right: 0.10, 0.01, 0.04 all have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place. a. 0.10 or 0.1 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

8. 5.75 6.25 6.5 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 6.5 equals 6.50 First, compare the numbers from left to right: 5.75 has the smallest whole number.

6.25 and 6.50 have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place. c. 6.50 or 6.5 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

9. 0.6 0.16 0.06 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 0.6 equals 0.60 First, compare the numbers from left to right: 0.60, 0.16, 0.06 all have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place. a. 0.60 or 0.6 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

10. 3.55 2.95 3.7 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 3.7 equals 3.70 First, compare the numbers from left to right: 2.95 has the smallest whole number.

3.55 and 3.70 have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place. c. 3.70 or 3.7 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

Problems 1.6 (page 7) 1. 0.25 + 0.55 = 0.8 1

0.25 +0.55 0.80 0.80 becomes 0.8 after dropping unnecessary zeros from the end of the decimal fraction.

2. 0.1 + 2.25 = 2.35 0.1 equals 0.10

0.10 +2.25 2.35

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

3. 1.74 + 0.76 = 2.5 1

1

1.74 + 0.76 2.50 2.50 becomes 2.5 after dropping unnecessary zeros from the end of the decimal fraction.

4. 1.4 + 0.02 = 1.42 1.4 equals 1.40

1.40 +0.02 1.42

5. 2.3 + 1.45 = 3.75 2.3 equals 2.30

2.30 +1.45 3.75

6. 3.75 + 1.05 = 4.8 1

3. 75 +1.05 4.80 4.80 becomes 4.8 after dropping unnecessary zeros from the end of the decimal fraction.

7. 6.35 + 2.05 = 8.4 1

6. 35 +2.05 8.40

8.40 becomes 8.4 after dropping unnecessary zeroes from the end of the decimal fraction.

8. 5.57 + 4.03 = 9.6 1

5. 57 +4.03 9.60

9.60 becomes 9.6 after dropping unnecessary zeroes from the end of the decimal fraction.

9. 0.33 + 2.42 = 2.75 0.33 +2.42 2.75

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

10. 1.44 + 3.06 = 4.5 1

1. 44 +3.06 4.50

4.50 becomes 4.5 after dropping unnecessary zeroes from the end of the decimal fraction.

11. 1.25 – 1.125 = 0.125 4 10

1.25 equals 1.250 1. 2 5 0 –1. 1 2 5 0. 1 2 5 12. 3.25 – 0.65 = 2.6 2

12

3.2 5 –0.65 2 . 60 2.60 becomes 2.6 after dropping unnecessary zeroes from the end of the decimal fraction.

13. 2.3 – 1.45 = 0.85 2.3 equals 2.30

1

12

13 10

2.3 0 –1.45 0.85

14. 0.02 – 0.01 = 0.01 0.02 –0.01 0.01 15. 5.5 – 2.5 = 3 5.5 –2.5 3.0

3.0 becomes 3 after dropping unnecessary zeroes from the end of the decimal fraction.

16. 7.33 – 4.03 = 3.3 7.33 –4.03 3.30 3.30 becomes 3.3 after dropping unnecessary zeroes from the end of the decimal fraction.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

17. 4.25 – 1.75 = 2.5 3

12

4.2 5 –1 . 7 5 2.50

2.50 becomes 2.5 after dropping unnecessary zeroes from the end of the decimal fraction.

18. 0.07 – 0.035 = 0.035 6 10

0.07 equals 0.070 0.0 7 0 –0.0 3 5 0.0 3 5 19. 0.235 – 0.12 = 0.115 0.12 equals 0.120

0.235 –0.120 0.115

20. 5.75 – 0.95 = 4.8 4

17

5.7 5 –0.95 4.80

4.80 becomes 4.8 after dropping unnecessary zeroes from the end of the decimal fraction.

Chapter 1 Summary Self-Test (page 8)

1. 2.45 2.57 2.19 Compare the numbers from left to right: 2.45, 2.57, and 2.19 all have the same whole number. b. 2.57 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

2. 3.07 3.17 3.71 Compare the numbers from left to right: 3.07, 3.17, and 3.71 all have the same whole number. c. 3.71 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

3. 0.12 0.02 0.01 Compare the numbers from left to right: 0.12, 0.02, and 0.01 all have the same whole number. a. 0.12 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

4. 5.31 5.35 6.01 Compare the numbers from left to right. c. 6.01 has the largest whole number and therefore the greatest value.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

5. 4.5 4.51 4.15 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 4.5 equals 4.50 First, compare the numbers from left to right: 4.50, 4.51, and 4.15 all have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place: 4.15 has the smallest number in the tenths place.

4.50 and 4.51 have the same number in the tenths place.

Finally, compare the hundredths place. b. 4.51 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

6. 0.015 0.15 0.1 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 0.15 equals 0.150 0.1 equals 0.100 First, comparing the numbers from left to right: 0.015, 0.150, and 0.100 all have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place: 0.015 has the smallest number in the tenths place.

0.150 and 0.100 have the same number in the tenths place.

Finally, compare the hundredths place. b. 0.150 or 0.15 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

7. 1.3 1.25 1.35 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 1.3 equals 1.30 First, compare the numbers from left to right: 1.30, 1.25, 1.35 all have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place: 1.25 has the smallest number in the tenths place.

1.30 and 1.35 have the same number in the tenths place.

Finally, compare the hundredths place. c. 1.35 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

8. 0.1 0.2 0.25 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 0.1 equals 0.10 0.2 equals 0.20 First, compare the numbers from left to right: 0.10, 0.20, and 0.25 all have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place: 0.10 has the smallest number in the tenths place.

0.20 and 0.25 have the same number in the tenths place.

Finally, compare the hundredths place. c. 0.25 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

10

9. 0.125 0.1 0.05 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 0.1 equals 0.100 0.05 equals 0.050 First, compare the numbers from left to right: 0.125, 0.100, and 0.050 all have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place: 0.050 has the smallest number in the tenths place.

0.125 and 0.100 have the same number in the tenths place.

Finally, compare the hundredths place. a. 0.125 has the largest number in the hundredths place and therefore the greatest value.

10. 13.7 13.5 13.25 Rewrite each number with the same number of decimal places: 13.7 equals 13.70 13.5 equals 13.50 First, compare the numbers from left to right: 13.70, 13.50, and 13.25 all have the same whole number.

Next, compare the tenths place. a. 13.70 or 13.7 has the largest number in the tenths place and therefore the greatest value.

11. On hand: 0.1 mg Dosage ordered: 0.3 mg c. Because the dosage ordered is greater than the dosage on hand, you will need more than 1 tablet.

12. On hand: 0.25 mg Dosage ordered: 0.125 mg b. Because the dosage on hand is greater than the dosage ordered, you will need less than 1 tablet.

13. On hand: 3.75 mg Dosage ordered: 7.5 mg c. Because the dosage ordered is greater than the dosage on hand, you will need more than 1 tablet.

14. On hand: 0.5 mg Dosage ordered: 0.5 mg a. Because the dosage ordered is equal to the dosage on hand you will need 1 tablet.

15. On hand: 0.25 mg Dosage ordered 0.5 mg c. Because the dosage ordered is greater than the dosage on hand, you will need more than 1 tablet.

16. 1.31 + 0.4 = 1.71 0.4 equals 0.40

1.31 +0.40 1.71

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Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

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17. 0.15 + 0.25 = 0.4 1

0. 1 5 +0.25 0.40

0.40 becomes 0.4 after dropping unnecessary zeros from the end of the decimal fraction.

18. 2.5 + 0.75 = 3.25 2.5 equals 2.50

2.50 +0.75 3.25

19. 3.2 + 2.17 = 5.37 3.2 equals 3.20

3.20 +2.17 5.37

20. 1.3 + 1.04 = 2.34 1.3 equals 1.30

1.30 +1.04 2.34

21. 4.7 + 3.03 = 7.73 4.7 equals 4.70

4.70 +3.03 7.73

22. 0.5 + 0.5 = 1 0.5 +0.5 1.0

1.0 becomes 1 after dropping unnecessary zeros from the end of the decimal fraction.

23. 5.4 + 2.6 = 8 5.4 +2.6 8.0 24. Add:

8.0 becomes 8 after dropping unnecessary zeros from the end of the decimal fraction.

3.5 mg + 3.5 mg = 7 mg

1

3.5 mg +3 .5 mg 7 .0 mg

7.0 becomes 7 mg after dropping unnecessary zeros from the end of the decimal fraction.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 1

25. Add:

12

0.5 mg + 0.25 mg = 0.75 mg

0.5 equals 0.50

26. Add:

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

0.50 mg +0.25 mg 0.75 mg

0.02 mg + 0.02 mg = 0.04 mg

0.02 mg +0.02 mg 0.04 mg 27. Add:

0.8 mg + 0.4 mg + 0.4 mg = 1.6 mg

1

0 .8 mg 0.4 mg +0.4 mg 1.6 mg 28. Add:

0.15 mg + 0.3 mg = 0.45 mg

0.3 equals 0.30

0.15 mg +0.30 mg 0.45 mg

29. 4.32 – 3.1 = 1.22 3.1 equals 3.10

4.32 –3.10 1.22

30. 2.1 – 1.91 = 0.19 10

2.1 equals 2.10

1 11 10

2. 1 0 – 1. 9 1 0. 1 9

31. 3.73 – 1.93 = 1.8 2

17

3.7 3 –1. 93 1. 80

1.80 becomes 1.8 after dropping unnecessary zeros from the end of the decimal fraction.

32. 5.75 – 4.05 = 1.7 5. 75 –4. 05 1. 70

1.70 becomes 1.7 after dropping unnecessary zeros from the end of the decimal fraction.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

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33. 1.3 – 0.02 = 1.28 2 10

1.3 equals 1.30

1. 3 0 – 0. 0 2 1. 2 8

34. 0.2 – 0.07 = 0.13 1 10

0.2 equals 0.20

0. 2 0 – 0. 0 7 0. 1 3

35. 3.95 – 0.35 = 3.6 3.95 –0.35 3.60

3.60 becomes 3.6 after dropping unnecessary zeros from the end of the decimal fraction.

36. 1.9 – 0.08 = 1.82 1.9 equals 1.90

8 10

1. 9 0 –0. 0 8 1. 8 2

37. Subtract: 7.5 mg – 3.75 mg = 3.75 mg 14

7.5 equals 7.50

6 15 10

7 .5 0 mg –3.7 5 mg 3.7 5 mg

38. Subtract: 0.06 mg – 0.02 mg = 0.04 mg 0.06 mg –0.02 mg 0.04 mg 39. Subtract: 1.5 mg – 0.5 mg = 1 mg 1.5 mg –0.5 mg 1.0 mg

1.0 mg becomes 1 after dropping unnecessary zeros from the end of the decimal fraction.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

14

40. Subtract: 1.2 mg – 0.6 mg = 0.6 mg 0 12

1 . 2 mg –0.6 mg 0.6 mg

41. Subtract: 2.2 mg – 0.55 mg – 0.55 mg = 1.1 mg First, subtract: 2.2 mg – 0.55 mg = 1.65 mg 11

2.2 equals 2.20

1 12 10

2 .2 0 – 0 .5 5 1 .6 5

Then: 1.65 mg – 0.55 mg = 1.1 mg 1.65 mg – 0.55 mg 1.10 mg 1.10 becomes 1.1 mg after dropping unnecessary zeros from the end of the decimal fraction.

42. How many 0.01 mg tablets equal 0.02 mg?

Add: 0.01 mg + 0.01 mg = 0.02 mg Therefore 2 tablets are needed.

43. How many 2.5 mg tablets equal 5 mg?

Add: 2.5 + 2.5 = 5.0 mg Therefore 2 tablets are needed.

44. How many 0.25 mg tablets equal 0.125 mg?

Because 0.25 mg is greater than 0.125 mg: Subtract: 0.25 – 0.125 = 0.125 0.25 equals 0.250

4 10

0. 2 5 0 mg – 0.1 2 5 mg 0.1 2 5 mg

Because ½ of 0.25 mg = 0.125 mg, give ½ tablet.

45. How many 0.5 mg tablets equal 1.5 mg?

Add: 0.5 mg + 0.5 mg + 0.5 mg = 1.5 mg Therefore 3 tablets are needed.

46. How many 0.6 mg tablets equal 1.8 mg?

Add: 0.6 mg + 0.6 mg + 0.6 mg = 1.8 mg Therefore 3 tablets are needed.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 1

Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals

47. How many 0.04 mg tablets equal 0.02 mg?

Because 0.04 mg is greater than 0.02 mg: Subtract: 0.04 – 0.02 = 0.02 0.04 mg – 0.02 mg 0.02 mg Because ½ of 0.04 mg = 0.02 mg, give ½ tablet.

48. How many 1.75 mg tablets equal 3.5 mg?

Add: 1.75 + 1.75 = 3.5 mg Therefore 2 tablets are needed.

49. How many 1.6 mg tablets equal 3.2 mg?

Add: 1.6 + 1.6 = 3.2 mg Therefore 2 tablets are needed.

50. How many 0.25 mg tablets equal 0.375 mg?

You will need more than 1 tablet.

Because 1 tablet = 0.25 mg, how many more tablets are needed?

Subtract 0.375 mg – 0.25 mg = 0.125 mg Because 0.125 mg + 0.125 mg = 0.25 mg, you will need an additional ½ tablet.

Therefore you will need 1½ tablets.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 2

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

16

Problems 2.1 (page 13) 1. 0.45 × 0.2 = 0.09 1

×

0. 4 5 0.2 090

line up the numbers on the right

The product is 090; 0.45 has two numbers after the decimal point and 0.2 has one. Place the decimal point three places to the left in the product, so that 090 becomes .090, then add a zero in front of the decimal to emphasize the fraction. Drop unnecessary zeros at the end of the decimal fraction.

Answer = 0.09 2. 0.35 × 0.12 = 0.042 1

×

0.35 0.12 070 035 0420

line up the numbers on the right

The product is 0420; 0.35 has two numbers after the decimal point and 0.12 has two. Place the decimal point four places to the left in the product, so that 0420 becomes .0420, then add a zero in front of the decimal to emphasize the fraction. Drop unnecessary zeros at the end of the decimal fraction.

Answer = 0.042 3. 1.3 × 0.05 = 0.065 1

×

1 .3 0.05 65 00 065

line up the numbers on the right

The product is 065; 1.3 has one number after the decimal point and 0.05 has two. Place the decimal point three places to the left in the product, so that 065 becomes .065, then add a zero in front of the decimal to emphasize the fraction.

Answer = 0.065

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 2

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

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4. 0.7 × 0.04 = 0.028 2

×

0 .7 0.04 028 00 028

line up the numbers on the right

The product is 028; 0.7 has one number after the decimal point and 0.04 has two. Place the decimal point three places to the left in the product, so that 028 becomes .028, then add a zero in front of the decimal to emphasize the fraction.

Answer = 0.028 5. 0.4 × 0.17 = 0.068 2

0 .4 0.17 028 04 068

×

line up the numbers on the right

The product is 068; 0.4 has one number after the decimal point and 0.17 has two. Place the decimal point three places to the left in the product, so that 068 becomes .068, then add a zero in front of the decimal to emphasize the fraction.

Answer = 0.068 6. 2.14 × 0.03 = 0.0642 1

×

2. 1 4 0.03 642 000 0642

line up the numbers on the right

The product is 0642; 2.14 has two numbers after the decimal point and 0.03 has two. Place the decimal point four places to the left in the product, so that 0642 becomes .0642, then add a zero in front of the decimal to emphasize the fraction.

Answer = 0.0642 7. 1.4 × 0.4 = 0.56 1

×

1 .4 0.4 56

line up the numbers on the right

The product is 56; 1.4 has one number after the decimal point and 0.4 has one. Place the decimal point two places to the left in the product, so that 56 becomes .56, then add a zero in front of the decimal to emphasize the fraction.

Answer = 0.56 Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 2

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

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8. 3.3 × 1.2 = 3.96 3.3 × 1.2 line up the numbers on the right 66 33 396 The product is 396; 3.3 has one number after the decimal point and 1.2 has one. Place the decimal point two places to the left in the product, so that 396 becomes 3.96.

Answer = 3.96 9. 2.7 × 2.2 = 5.94 1

1

2 .7

×

2.2 54 54 594

line up the numbers on the right

The product is 594; 2.7 has one number after the decimal point and 2.2 has one. Place the decimal point two places to the left in the product, so that 594 becomes 5.94.

Answer = 5.94 10. 2.1 × 0.3 = 0.63 ×

2.1 0.3 63 00 063

line up the numbers on the right

The product is 063; 2.1 has one number after the decimal point and 0.3 has one. Place the decimal point two places to the left in the product, so that 063 becomes 0.63.

Answer = 0.63 Problems 2.2 (page 14)

17.5 175 = 2 20 The decimal point must be moved one place to the right in the numerator 17.5 to make 175. Therefore, it must be moved one place to the right in the denominator 2, which requires the addition of one zero to make 20.

1.

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Chapter 2

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

19

0.5 5 = 25 250 The decimal point must be moved one place to the right in the numerator 0.5 to make 5. Therefore, it must be moved one place to the right in the denominator 25, which requires the addition of one zero to make 250.

2.

6.3 63 = 0.6 6 The decimal point must be moved one place to the right in the numerator 6.3 to make 63. Therefore, it must be moved one place to the right in the denominator 0.6 to make 6.

3.

3.76 376 = 0.4 40 The decimal point must be moved two places to the right in the numerator 3.76 to make 376.

Therefore, it must be moved two places to the right in the denominator 0.4, which requires the addition of one zero to make 40.

4.

8.4 84 = 0.7 7 The decimal point must be moved one place to the right in the numerator 8.4 to make 84. Therefore, it must be moved one place to the right in the denominator 0.7 to make 7.

5.

0.1 10 = 0.05 5 The decimal point must be moved two places to the right in the denominator 0.05 to make 5.

Therefore, it must be moved two places to the right in the numerator 0.1, which requires the addition of one zero to make 10.

6.

0.9 90 = 0.03 3 The decimal point must be moved two places to the right in the denominator 0.03 to make 3.

Therefore, it must be moved two places to the right in the numerator 0.9, which requires the addition of one zero to make 90.

7.

10.75 1075 = 2.5 250 The decimal point must be moved two places to the right in the numerator 10.75 to make 1075.

Therefore, it must be moved two places to the right in the denominator 2.5, which requires the addition of one zero to make 250.

8.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 2

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

20

0.4 40 = 0.04 4 The decimal point must be moved two places to the right in the denominator 0.04 to make 4.

Therefore, it must be moved two places to the right in the numerator 0.4, which requires the addition of one zero to make 40.

9.

1.2 12 = 0.4 4 The decimal point must be moved one place to the right in the numerator 1.2 to make 12. Therefore, it must be moved one place to the right in the denominator 0.4 to make 4.

10.

Problems 2.3 (page 16)

1.

84 8

The greatest common denominator is 4.

84 21 = Divide by 4.

2 8

2.

3.

20 16

The greatest common denominator is 4.

20 5 = 16 4

Divide by 4.

250 325

The greatest common denominator is difficult to determine.

250 50 10 = Divide by 5, then 5 again. = 325 65 13

4.

96 34

The greatest common denominator is 2.

96 48 = Divide by 2.

34 17

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 2

5.

175 20

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

The greatest common denominator is 5.

175 35 = Divide by 5.

4 20

6.

40 14

The greatest common denominator is 2.

40 20 = Divide by 2.

7 14

7.

82 28

The greatest common denominator is 2.

82 41 = Divide by 2.

28 14

8.

100 75

The greatest common denominator is difficult to determine.

100 20 4 = = 75 15 3

9.

50 75

The greatest common denominator is difficult to determine.

50 10 2 = = 75 15 3

10.

60 88

Divide by 5, then 5 again.

Divide by 5, then 5 again.

The greatest common denominator is 4.

60 15 = Divide by 4.

88 22

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21

Chapter 2

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

Problems 2.4 (page 17)

1.

50 5 = 25 0 25

2.

12 0 12 = 5 50

3.

25 00 25 = 15 00 15

4.

1, 00 0, 000 75 0, 000

=

Reduce by 5 =

1 5

Reduce by 5 =

5 3

100 75

100 20 4 = = 75 15 3

Reduce by 5, then 5 again.

5.

80 0 80 = 15 0 15

Reduce by 5 =

16 3

6.

110 11 = 10 0 10

Reduce by 5 =

4 3

7.

20 0, 000 15 0, 000

=

20 15

8.

10 00 10 = 8 8 00

Reduce by 2 =

5 4

9.

60 6 = 40 4

Reduce by 2 =

3 2

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

22

Chapter 2

10.

15 0 15 = 20 0 20

Reduce by 5 =

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

3 4

Problems 2.5 (page 18)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

5.1 = 2.21 = 2.2 2.3 The number representing hundredths, 1, is less than 5, so the number representing tenths, 2, remains unchanged.

0.9 = 1.28 = 1.3 0.7 The number representing hundredths, 8, is greater than 5, so the number representing tenths, 2, becomes 3.

3.7 = 1.85 = 1.9 2 The number representing hundredths, 5, is equal to 5, so the number representing tenths, 8, becomes 9.

6 = 4.61 = 4.6 1.3 The number representing hundredths, 1, is less than 5, so the number representing tenths, 6, remains unchanged.

1.5 = 0.71 = 0.7 2.1 The number representing hundredths, 1, is less than 5, so the number representing tenths, 7, remains unchanged.

2.7 = 2.45 = 2.5 1.1 The number representing hundredths, 5, is equal to 5, so the number representing tenths, 4, becomes 5.

4.2 = 0.84 = 0.8 5 The number representing hundredths, 4, is less than 5, so the number representing tenths, 8, remains unchanged.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

23

Chapter 2

8.

9.

10.

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

24

0.5 = 0.2 2.5 The number representing hundredths, 0, is less than 5, so the number representing tenths, 2, remains unchanged.

5.2 = 5.71 = 5.7 0.91 The number representing hundredths, 1, is less than 5, so the number representing tenths, 7, remains unchanged.

2.4 = 0.88 = 0.9 2.7 The number representing hundredths, 8, is greater than 5, so the number representing tenths, 8, becomes 9.

Problems 2.6 (page 19)

1. 0.175 = 0.18 The number representing thousandths, 5, is equal to 5, so the number representing hundredths, 7, becomes 8.

2. 0.344 = 0.34 The number representing thousandths, 4, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 4, remains unchanged.

3. 1.853 = 1.85 The number representing thousandths, 3, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 5, remains unchanged.

4. 0.306 = 0.31 The number representing thousandths, 6, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 0, becomes 1.

5. 3.015 = 3.02 The number representing thousandths, 5, is equal to 5, so the number representing hundredths, 1, becomes 2.

6. 2.154 = 2.15 The number representing thousandths, 4, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 5, remains unchanged.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 2

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

25

7. 1.081 = 1.08 The number representing thousandths, 1, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 8, remains unchanged.

8. 1.327 = 1.33 The number representing thousandths, 7, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 2, becomes 3.

9. 0.739 = 0.74 The number representing thousandths, 9, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 3, becomes 4.

10. 0.733 = 0.73 The number representing thousandths, 3, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 3, remains unchanged.

11. 2.072 = 2.07 The number representing thousandths, 2, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 7, remains unchanged.

12. 0.089 = 0.09 The number representing thousandths, 9, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 8, becomes 9.

Chapter 2 Summary Self-Test (page 20)

1. 1.49 × 0.05 = 0.0745 2. 0.15 × 3.04 = 0.456 3. 0.025 × 3.5 = 0.0875 4. 0.55 × 2.5 = 1.375 5. 1.31 × 2.07 = 2.7117

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 2

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

6. 5.3 × 1.02 = 5.406 7. 0.35 × 1.25 = 0.4375 8. 4.32 × 0.05 = 0.216 9. 0.2 × 0.02 = 0.004 10. 0.4 × 1.75 = 0.7 11. 4 tablets × 0.04 mg / tablet = 0.16 mg 12. 2.5 tablets × 1.25 mg / tablet = 3.125 mg 13. 3.5 tablets × 0.1 mg / tablet = 0.35 mg 14. 3 tablets × 0.75 mg / tablet = 2.25 mg; yes this is the correct amount.

15. 4.5 tablets × 12.5 mg / tablet = 56.25 mg 16. 2.5 tablets × 3.5 mg / tablet = 8.75 mg 8.75 mg is greater than 4.5 mg; therefore, no, this is not the correct dosage.

17.

18.

19.

1.3 = 1.85 = 1.9 0.7 The number representing hundredths, 5, rounds up, so the number representing tenths, 8, becomes 9.

1.9 = 0.59 = 0.6 3.2 The number representing hundredths, 9, is greater than 5, so the number representing tenths, 5, becomes 6.

32.5 = 3.61 = 3.6 9 The number representing hundredths, 1, is less than 5, so the number representing tenths, 6, remains unchanged.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

26

Chapter 2

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

27

0.04 = 0.40 = 0.4 0.1 The number representing hundredths, 0, is less than 5, so the number representing tenths, 4, remains unchanged.

1.45 = 1.20 = 1.2 1.2 The number representing hundredths, 0, is less than 5, so the number representing tenths, 2, remains unchanged.

250 = 0.25 = 0.3 1000 The number representing hundredths, 5, is equal to 5, so the number representing tenths, 2, becomes 3.

0.8 = 8.88 = 8.9 0.09 The number representing hundredths, 8, is greater than 5, so the number representing tenths, 8, becomes 9.

2,000,000 = 1.33 = 1.3 1,500,000 The number representing hundredths, 3, is less than 5, so the number representing tenths, 3, remains unchanged.

4.1 = 2.00 = 2 2.05 The number representing hundredths and tenths, 0, is less than 5, so the number becomes 2.

7.3 = 0.60 = 0.6 12 The number representing hundredths, 0, is less than 5, so the number representing tenths, 6, remains unchanged.

150,000 = 1.25 = 1.3 120,000 The number representing hundredths, 5, is equal to 5, so the number representing tenths, 2, becomes 3.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 2

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

28

0.15 = 1.87 = 1.9 0.08 The number representing hundredths, 7, is greater than 5, so the number representing tenths, 8, becomes 9.

2700 = 3.00 = 3 900 The number representing hundredths and tenths, 0, is less than 5, so the number becomes 3.

0.25 = 1.66 = 1.7 0.15 The number representing hundredths, 6 is greater than 5, so the number representing tenths, 6, becomes 7.

900 = 0.529 = 0.53 1700 The number representing thousandths, 9, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 2, becomes 3.

0.125 = 0.416 = 0.42 0.3 The number representing thousandths, 6, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 1, becomes 2.

1450 = 0.966 = 0.97 1500 The number representing thousandths, 6, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 6, becomes 7.

65 = 0.371 = 0.37 175 The number representing thousandths, 1, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 7, remains unchanged.

0.6 = 0.444 = 0.44 1.35 The number representing thousandths, 4, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 4, remains unchanged.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 2

36.

37.

38.

39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

29

0.04 = 0.333 = 0.33 0.12 The number representing thousandths, 3, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 3, remains unchanged.

750 = 0.075 = 0.08 10,000 The number representing thousandths, 5, is equal to 5, so the number representing hundredths, 7, becomes 8.

0.65 = 0.812 = 0.81 0.8 The number representing thousandths, 2, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 1, remains unchanged.

3.01 = 0.716 = 0.72 4.2 The number representing thousandths, 6, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 1, becomes 2.

4.5 = 0.737 = 0.74 6.1 The number representing thousandths, 7, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 3, becomes 4.

0.13 = 0.520 = 0.52 0.25 The number representing thousandths, 0, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 2, remains unchanged.

0.25 = 0.357 = 0.36 0.7 The number representing thousandths, 7, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 5, becomes 6.

3.3 = 0.647 = 0.65 5.1 The number representing thousandths, 7, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 4, becomes 5.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 2

44.

45.

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

Multiplication and Division of Decimals

30

0.19 = 0.271 = 0.27 0.7 The number representing thousandths, 1, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 7, remains unchanged.

1.1 = 0.846 = 0.85 1.3 The number representing thousandths, 6, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 4, becomes 5.

3 = 0.731 = 0.73 4.1 The number representing thousandths, 1, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 3, remains unchanged.

62 = 0.258 = 0.26 240 The number representing thousandths, 8, is greater than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 5, becomes 6.

280,000 = 0.933 = 0.93 300,000 The number representing thousandths, 3, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 3, remains unchanged.

115 = 0.450 = 0.45 255 The number representing thousandths, 0, is less than 5, so the number representing hundredths, 5, remains unchanged.

10 = 0.699 = 0.7 14.3 The number representing thousandths and hundredths, 9, is greater than 5, so the number representing tenths, 6, becomes 7.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 3

Solving Common Fraction Equations

Problems 3.1 (page 25)

3 6 × = 0.75 = 0.8 8 3 Option 1: 3 × 6 ÷ 8 ÷ 3 = 0.75 (hundredth) = 0.8 (tenth)

1.

1

3 6 Option 2: × = 6 ÷ 8 = 0.75 (hundredth) = 0.8 (tenth) 8 3 1

2.

3 10 × = 3.75 = 3.8 4 2

Option 1: 3 × 10 ÷ 4 ÷ 2 = 3.75 (hundredth) = 3.8 (tenth) 5

3 10 Option 2: × = 3 × 5 ÷ 2 ÷ 2 = 3.75 (hundredth) = 3.8 (tenth) 4 2 2

3 1050 × = 15.75 = 15.8 5 40 Option 1: 3 × 1050 ÷ 5 ÷ 40 = 15.75 (hundredth) = 15.8 (tenth) 3.

210

3 1050 Option 2: = 3 × 210 ÷ 40 = 15.75 (hundredth) = 15.8 (tenth) × 40 5 1

10 750 1000 1 × × × = 3.13 = 3.1 1 40, 000 1 60 Option 1: 10 × 750 × 1000 ÷ 40, 000 ÷ 60 = 3.13 (hundredth) = 3.1 (tenth)

4.

1

75

1

10 750 1000 1 Option 2: = 75 ÷ 4 ÷ 6 = 3.13 (hundredth) = 3.1 (tenth) × × × 1 1 40, 000 60 6

40 4

12 500 2000 1 × × × = 74.07 = 74.1 1 2700 1 60 Option 1: 12 × 500 × 2000 ÷ 2700 ÷ 60 = 74.07 (hundredth) = 74.1 (tenth)

5.

5

100

12 500 2000 1 Option 2: × × = 12 × 5 × 100 ÷ 27 ÷ 3 = 74.07 (hundredth) = 74.1 (tenth) × 1 2700 1 60 27

3

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31

Chapter 3

Solving Common Fraction Equations

1500 350 × = 1.17 = 1.2 750 600 Option 1: 1500 × 350 ÷ 750 ÷ 600 = 1.17 (hundredth) = 1.2 (tenth)

6.

2

Option 2:

7

1500 350 = 2 × 7 ÷ 12 = 1.17 (hundredth) = 1.2 (tenth) × 750 600 1

12

1000 1300 70 × × = 1.35 = 1.4 2700 500 50 Option 1: 1000 ×1300 × 70 ÷ 2700 ÷ 500 ÷ 50 = 1.35 (hundredth) = 1.4 (tenth) 7.

10

Option 2:

13

7

1000 1300 70 = 10 × 13 × 7 ÷ 27 ÷ 5 ÷ 5 = 1.35 (hundredth) = 1.4 (tenth) × × 2700 500 50 27

5

5

15 2500 1000 1 × × × = 31.25 = 31.3 1 20, 000 1 60 Option 1: 15 × 2500 ×1000 ÷ 20, 000 ÷ 60 = 31.25 (hundredth) = 31.3 (tenth) 8.

25

5

Option 2:

50

1

15 2500 1000 1 = 5 × 25 ÷ 4 = 31.25 (hundredth) = 31.3 (tenth) × × × 1 20, 000 1 60 3

8

1

4

8 1000 100 1 × × × = 2.67 = 2.7 1 5000 1 60 Option 1: 8 ×1000 × 100 ÷ 5000 ÷ 60 = 2.67 (hundredth) = 2.7 (tenth)

9.

1

1

Option 2:

5

8 1000 100 1 × × × = 8 ÷ 3 = 2.67 (hundredth) = 2.7 (tenth) 1 5000 1 60 5

3

1

750 250 × = 1.25 = 1.3 500 300 Option 1: 750 × 250 ÷ 500 ÷ 300 = 1.25 (hundredth) = 1.3 (tenth) 10.

15

1

750 250 Option 2: × = 15 ÷ 2 ÷ 6 = 1.25 (hundredth) = 1.3 (tenth) 500 300 2

6

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32

Chapter 3

Solving Common Fraction Equations

33

Problems 3.2 (page 28)

1.

2.1 0.9 × = 1.37 = 1.4 1.15 1.2

Option 1: 2.1 × 0.9 ÷ 1.15 ÷ 1.2 = 1.37 (hundredth) = 1.4 (tenth) Option 2:

210 9 × 115 12

move the decimal point two places to the right in 2.1 and 1.15; move the decimal point one place to the right in 0.9 and 1.2

42

210 9 × 115 12

divide 210 and 115 by 5

23 3

42 9 × 23 12

divide 9 and 12 by 3

4

42 × 3 ÷ 23 ÷ 4 = 1.37 = 1.4

2.

complete the calculation with a calculator

3.1 2.2 × = 1.8 2.7 1.4

Option 1: 3.1 × 2.2 ÷ 2.7 ÷ 1.4 = 1.80 (hundredth) = 1.8 (tenth) Option 2:

31 22 × 27 14

move the decimal point one place to the right

11

31 22 × 27 14

divide 22 and 14 by 2

7

31× 11 ÷ 27 ÷ 7 = 1.80 = 1.8

3.

complete the calculation with a calculator

0.3 3 × = 0.36 = 0.4 1.2 2.1

Option 1: 0.3 × 3 ÷ 1.2 ÷ 2.1 = 0.36 (hundredth) = 0.4 (tenth) Option 2:

3 30 × 12 21 1

10

3 30 × 12 21 4

move the decimal point one place to the right divide 3, 12, 30, and 21 by 3

7

10 ÷ 4 ÷ 7 = 0.36 = 0.4

complete the calculation with a calculator

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 3

4.

Solving Common Fraction Equations

34

0.17 2.5 × = 0.94 = 0.9 0.3 1.5

Option 1: 0.17 × 2.5 ÷ 0.3 ÷ 1.5 = 0.94 (hundredth) = 0.9 (tenth) Option 2:

17 25 × 30 15

move the decimal point two places to the right in 0.17 and 0.3; move the decimal point one place to the right in 2.5 and 1.5

5

17 25 × 30 15

divide 25 and 15 by 5

3

17 × 5 ÷ 30 ÷ 3 = 0.94 = 0.9

5.

complete the calculation with a calculator

1.75 1.5 × = 1.38 = 1.4 0.95 2

Option 1: 1.75 × 1.5 ÷ 0.95 ÷ 2 = 1.38 (hundredth) = 1.4 (tenth) Option 2:

175 15 × 95 20 35

3

175 15 × 95 20 19

divide 175 and 95 by 5, and divide 15 and 20 by 5

4

35 × 3 ÷ 19 ÷ 4 = 1.38 = 1.4 6.

move the decimal point two places to the right in 1.75 and 0.95; move the decimal point one place to the right in 1.5 and 2

complete the calculation with a calculator

0.75 3 × = 1.57 = 1.6 1.15 1.25

Option 1: 0.75 × 3 ÷ 1.15 ÷ 1.25 = 1.57 (hundredth) = 1.6 (tenth) Option 2:

75 300 × 115 125 15

move the decimal point two places to the right

12

75 300 × 115 125

divide 75 and 115 by 5, and divide 300 and 125 by 25

15 × 12 ÷ 23 ÷ 5 = 1.57 = 1.6

complete the calculation with a calculator

23

5

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 3

7.

Solving Common Fraction Equations

35

10.2 2 × = 2.67 = 2.7 1.5 5.1

Option 1: 10.2 × 2 ÷ 1.5 ÷ 5.1 = 2.67 (hundredth) = 2.7 (tenth) Option 2:

102 20 × 15 51 2

4

102 20 × 15 51 3

divide 102 and 51 by 51, and divide 20 and 15 by 5

1

2 × 4 ÷ 3 = 2.67 = 2.7 8.

move the decimal point one place to the right

complete the calculation with a calculator

0.125 2.5 × = 0.83 = 0.8 0.25 1.5

Option 1: 0.125 × 2.5 ÷ 0.25 ÷ 1.5 = 0.83 (hundredth) = 0.8 (tenth) Option 2:

125 25 × 250 15 1

5

125 25 × 250 15 2

divide 125 and 250 by 125 and divide 25 and 15 by 5

3

5 ÷ 2 ÷ 3 = 0.83 = 0.8

9.

move the decimal point three places to the right in 0.125 and 0.25; move the decimal point one place to the right in 2.5 and 1.5

complete the calculation with a calculator

0.9 1.2 × = 2.57 = 2.6 0.3 1.4

Option 1: 0.9 × 1.2 ÷ 0.3 ÷ 1.4 = 2.57 (hundredth) = 2.6 (tenth) Option 2:

9 12 × 3 14

move the decimal point one place to the right

4

9 12 × 3 14

divide 12 and 3 by 3

1

9 × 4 ÷ 14 = 2.57 = 2.6

complete the calculation with a calculator

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 3

10.

Solving Common Fraction Equations

36

0.35 2.5 × = 0.74 = 0.7 1.7 0.7

Option 1: 0.35 × 2.5 ÷ 1.7 ÷ 0.7 = 0.74 (hundredth) = 0.7 (tenth) 35 25 move the decimal point two places to the right in 0.35 and 1.7; Option 2: × move the decimal point one place to the right in 2.5 and 170 7 0.7 7

35 25 × 170 7

divide 35 and 170 by 5

34

7 × 25 ÷ 34 ÷ 7 = 0.74 = 0.7

complete the calculation with a calculator

Problem Set 3.3 (page 31)

1.

15 350 1 × × = 17.5 = 18 1 5 60

Option 1: 15 × 350 ÷ 5 ÷ 60 = 17.5 = 18 3

Option 2:

35

1 15 350 × × 1 5 60 1

6

3 × 35 ÷ 6 = 17.5 = 18

2.

divide 15 and 5 by 5, and divide 350 and 60 by 10 complete the calculation with a calculator

1 60 7.5 × × = 4.5 = 5 32 1 3.1

Option 1: 60 × 7.5 ÷ 32 ÷ 3.1 = 4.5 = 5 Option 2:

1 60 75 × × 32 1 31

move the decimal point one place to the right in 7.5 and 3.1

15

1 60 75 × × 1 31 32

divide 60 and 32 by 4

8

15 × 75 ÷ 8 ÷ 31 = 4.5 = 5

complete the calculation with a calculator

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 3

3.

Solving Common Fraction Equations

37

10 2500 1 × × = 17.4 = 17 1 24 60

Option 1: 10 × 2500 ÷ 24 ÷ 60 = 17.4 = 17 5

Option 2:

125

10 2500 1 × × 1 24 60 12

3

5 × 125 ÷ 12 ÷ 3 = 17.4 = 17 4.

divide 10 and 24 by 2, and divide 2500 and 60 by 20 complete the calculation with a calculator

1.7 15.3 6.2 × × = 19.3 = 19 2.3 12.1 0.3

Option 1: 1.7 ×15.3 × 6.2 ÷ 2.3 ÷ 12.1 ÷ 0.3 = 19.3 = 19 Option 2:

17 153 62 × × 23 121 3

move the decimal point one place to the right

51

17 153 62 × × 23 121 3

divide 153 and 3 by 3

1

17 × 51 × 62 ÷ 23 ÷ 121 = 19.3 = 19 5.

complete the calculation with a calculator

20 1200 1 × × = 25 1 16 60

Option 1: 20 × 1200 ÷ 16 ÷ 60 = 25 5

Option 2:

20

20 1200 1 × × 1 16 60 4

1

5 × 20 ÷ 4 = 25 6.

divide 20 and 16 by 4, and divide 1200 and 60 by 60 complete the calculation with a calculator

5 320 1 × × = 17.7 = 18 1 1.5 60

Option 1: 5 × 320 ÷ 1.5 ÷ 60 = 17.7 = 18 Option 2:

5 3200 1 × × 1 15 60 1

move the decimal point one place to the right in 320 and 1.5

160

5 3200 1 × × 1 15 60 3

divide 3200 and 60 by 20, and divide 5 and 15 by 5

3

160 ÷ 3 ÷ 3 = 17.7 = 18

complete the calculation with a calculator

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 3

7.

Solving Common Fraction Equations

38

100 1750 1 × × =14.5 = 15 1 200 60

Option 1: 100 × 1750 ÷ 200 ÷ 60 = 14.5 = 15 1

Option 2:

175

100 1750 1 × × 1 200 60 2

6

175 ÷ 2 ÷ 6 = 14.5 = 15

8.

divide 100 and 200 by 100, and divide 1750 and 60 by 10 complete the calculation with a calculator

60 1150 1 × × = 3.4 = 3 1 200 100

Option 1: 60 × 1150 ÷ 200 ÷ 100 = 3.4 = 3 3

Option 2:

23

60 1150 1 × × 1 200 100 10

2

3 × 23 ÷ 10 ÷ 2 = 3.4 = 3 9.

divide 60 and 200 by 20, and divide 1150 and 100 by 50 complete the calculation with a calculator

25 1000 1 × × = 13.0 = 13 4 8 60

Option 1: 25 × 1000 ÷ 4 ÷ 8 ÷ 60 = 13.0 = 13 50

25 1000 1 × × Option 2: 4 8 60

divide 1000 and 60 by 20

3

25 × 50 ÷ 4 ÷ 8 ÷ 3 = 13.0 = 13 10.

complete the calculation with a calculator

18 120 9 × × = 16.3 = 16 10 7 17

Option 1: 18 × 120 × 9 ÷ 10 ÷ 7 ÷ 17 = 16.3 = 16 12

Option 2:

18 120 9 × × 7 17 10

divide 120 and 10 by 10

1

18 × 12 × 9 ÷ 7 ÷ 17 = 16.3 = 16

complete the calculation with a calculator

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 3

Solving Common Fraction Equations

Chapter 3 Summary Self-Test (page 31)

1.

0.8 1.2 × 0.65 1 0.8 × 1.2 ÷ 0.65 = 1.48 (hundredth) = 1.5 (tenth)

2.

350 4.4 × 1000 1 350 × 4.4 ÷ 1000 = 1.54 (hundredth) = 1.5 (tenth)

3.

0.35 4.5 × 1.3 1 0.35 × 4.5 ÷ 1.3 = 1.21 (hundredth) = 1.2 (tenth)

4.

0.4 2.3 × 1.5 1 0.4 × 2.3 ÷ 1.5 = 0.61 (hundredth) = 0.6 (tenth)

5.

1 500 × 75 1 500 ÷ 75 = 6.67 (hundredth) = 6.7 (tenth)

6.

0.15 1.45 × 0.12 1 0.15 × 1.45 ÷ 0.12 = 1.81 (hundredth) = 1.8 (tenth)

7.

100,000 1.7 × 80,000 1 100, 000 × 1.7 ÷ 80, 000 = 2.13 (hundredth) = 2.1 (tenth)

8.

1.45 1.5 × 2.1 1 1.45 × 1.5 ÷ 1.5 = 1.04 (hundredth) = 1 (tenth)

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Chapter 3

9.

Solving Common Fraction Equations

1550 0.5 × 500 1 1550 × 0.5 ÷ 500 = 1.55 (hundredth) = 1.6 (tenth)

10.

4 0.25 × 0.375 1 4 × 0.25 ÷ 0.375 = 2.67 (hundredth) = 2.7 (tenth)

11.

0.08 2.1 × 0.1 1 0.08 × 2.1 ÷ 0.1 = 1.68 (hundredth) = 1.7 (tenth)

12.

1.5 1.45 × 1.25 1 1.5 × 1.45 ÷ 1.25 = 1.74 (hundredth) = 1.7 (tenth)

13.

0.5 0.35 × 0.15 1 0.5 × 0.35 ÷ 0.15 = 1.17 (hundredth) = 1.2 (tenth)

14.

300,000 1.7 × 200,000 1 300, 000 × 1.7 ÷ 200, 000 = 2.55 (hundredth) = 2.6 (tenth)

15.

13.5 1.8 × 10 1 13.5 × 1.8 ÷ 10 = 2.43 (hundredth) = 2.4 (tenth)

16.

1,000,000 1.4 × 800,000 1 1, 000, 000 × 1.4 ÷ 800, 000 = 1.75 (hundredth) = 1.8 (tenth)

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 3

17.

Solving Common Fraction Equations

1.3 0.25 × 0.2 1 1.3 × 0.25 ÷ 0.2 = 1.63 (hundredth) = 1.6 (tenth)

18.

1.5 0.25 × 0.1 1 1.5 × 0.25 ÷ 0.1 = 3.75 (hundredth) = 3.8 (tenth)

19.

1.9 3.2 × 3.5 1.4 1.9 × 3.2 ÷ 3.5 ÷ 1.4 = 1.24 (hundredth) = 1.2 (tenth)

20.

15, 000 3.5 × 7500 1.2 15, 000 × 3.5 ÷ 7500 ÷ 1.2 = 5.83 (hundredth) = 5.8 (tenth)

21.

4.7 50 4 8.2 × × × 1.3 20 25 2.1 4.7 × 50 × 4 × 8.2 ÷ 1.3 ÷ 20 ÷ 25 ÷ 2.1 = 5.65 (hundredth) = 5.6 (tenth)

22.

40 250 0.375 × × 24 5 7.5 40 × 250 × 0.375 ÷ 24 ÷ 5 ÷ 7.5 = 4.17 (hundredth) = 4.2 (tenth)

23.

6.9 250 0.75 × × 21.6 5 2.1 6.9 × 250 × 0.75 ÷ 21.6 ÷ 5 ÷ 2.1 = 5.7 (hundredth) = 5.7 (tenth)

24.

1 1 10 1000 × × × 60 25 1 1 10 × 1000 ÷ 60 ÷ 25 = 6.67 (hundredth) = 6.7 (tenth)

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

41

Chapter 3

25.

Solving Common Fraction Equations

50.5 4.7 31.7 × × 22.75 6.3 10.2 50.5 × 4.7 × 31.7 ÷ 22.75 ÷ 6.3 ÷ 10.2 = 5.15 (hundredth) = 5.1 (tenth)

26.

104 20 63 × × 95 15 1.6 104 × 20 × 63 ÷ 95 ÷ 15 ÷ 1.6 = 57

27.

40,000 30 3.7 × × 10,000 1 12.5 40, 000 × 30 × 3.7 ÷ 10, 000 ÷ 12.5 = 35.5 = 36

28.

60 500 1 116 × × × 1 50 1000 1 60 × 500 × 116 ÷ 50 ÷ 1000 = 69.6 = 70

29.

1.5 10 3.2 100 × × × 0.6 14 5.3 2 1.5 × 10 × 3.2 × 100 ÷ 0.6 ÷ 14 ÷ 5.3 ÷ 2 = 53.9 = 54

30.

60 50 1 455 × × × 1 250 100 1 60 × 50 × 1 × 455 ÷ 250 ÷ 100 = 54.6 = 55

31.

33.7 19.2 2.9 × × 15.9 2.6 3.85 33.7 × 19.2 × 2.9 ÷ 15.9 ÷ 2.6 ÷ 3.85 = 11.7 = 12

32.

20 100 1200 10 × × × 4 88 250 30 20 × 100 × 1200 × 10 ÷ 4 ÷ 88 ÷ 250 ÷ 30 = 9.0 = 9

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

42

Chapter 3

33.

Solving Common Fraction Equations

14 88 × 7.9 8 14 × 88 ÷ 7.9 ÷ 8 = 19.4 = 19

34.

10 325 1 × × 1 1.5 60 10 × 325 ÷ 1.5 ÷ 60 = 36.1 = 36

35.

60 300 1 400 × × × 1 400 800 1 60 × 300 × 400 ÷ 400 ÷ 800 = 22.5 = 23

36.

3.7 12 3.1 5 × × × 1.3 8 7.4 1 3.7 × 12 × 3.1 × 5 ÷ 1.3 ÷ 8 ÷ 7.4 = 8.9 = 9

37.

20 125 2 216 × × × 2 25 750 1 20 × 125 × 2 × 216 ÷ 2 ÷ 25 ÷ 750 = 28.8 = 29

38.

4 45 22.5 × × 3 1 37.8 4 × 45 × 22.5 ÷ 3 ÷ 37.8 = 35.7 = 36

39.

7.5 55 23.2 × × 12.3 5 1.2 7.5 × 55 × 23.2 ÷ 12.3 ÷ 5 ÷ 1.2 = 129.6 = 130

40.

1000 50 20 1 × × × 1 250 1 60 1000 × 50 × 20 ÷ 250 ÷ 60 = 66.6 = 67

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

43

Chapter 3

41.

Solving Common Fraction Equations

15 1000 800 1 × × × 1 4000 1 60 15 × 1000 × 800 ÷ 4000 ÷ 60 = 50.0 = 50

42.

15 500 1 × × 1 3 60 15 × 500 ÷ 3 ÷ 60 = 41.6 = 42

43.

25 750 0.1 × × 3 8 1 25 × 750 × 0.1 ÷ 3 ÷ 8 = 78.1 = 78

44.

40 250 1 154 × × × 2 50 800 1 40 × 250 × 154 ÷ 2 ÷ 50 ÷ 800 = 19.2 = 19

45.

33 75 2 432 × × × 4 40 150 1 33 × 75 × 2 × 432 ÷ 4 ÷ 40 ÷ 150 = 89.1 = 89

46.

22.5 100 1 3 3150 × × × × 7 5 700 80 1 22.5 × 100 × 3 × 3150 ÷ 7 ÷ 5 ÷ 700 ÷ 80 = 10.8 = 11

47.

100 50 27.5 × × 250 1 1.375 100 × 50 × 27.5 ÷ 250 ÷ 1.375 = 400.0 = 400

48.

2.2 3.6 3.7 × × 0.25 1 7.1 2.2 × 3.6 × 3.7 ÷ 0.25 ÷ 7.1 = 16.5 = 17

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 3

49.

Solving Common Fraction Equations

1.3 0.3 10.1 × × 0.21 2 0.75 1.3 × 0.3 × 10.1 ÷ 0.21 ÷ 2 ÷ 0.75 = 12.5 = 13

50.

27.5 40 8.5 × × 10 7 1.9 27.5 × 40 × 8.5 ÷ 10 ÷ 7 ÷ 1.9 = 70.3 = 70

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

45

Chapter 4

Metric/International (SI) System

Problems 4.1 (page 37) 1. Because gram is the basic unit of weight, then milligram is a metric measurement for weight.

2. Because meter is the basic unit of length, then centimeter is a metric measurement for length.

3. Because liter is the basic unit of volume, then milliliter is a metric measurement for volume.

4. Because meter is the basic unit of length, then millimeter is a metric measurement for length.

5. Because gram is the basic unit of weight, then kilogram is a metric measurement for weight.

6. Because gram is the basic unit of weight, then microgram is a metric measurement for weight.

7. Because meter is the basic unit of length, then kilometer is a metric measurement for length.

8. Because liter is the basic unit of volume, then kiloliter is a metric measurement for volume.

Problems 4.2 (page 38) 1. The abbreviation for microgram is mcg.

2. The abbreviation for liter is L. 3. The abbreviation for kilogram is kg.

4. The abbreviation for milliliter is mL. 5. The abbreviation for centimeter is cm.

6. The abbreviation for milligram is mg.

7. The abbreviation for meter is m.

8. The abbreviation for kiloliter is kL. 9. The abbreviation for millimeter is mm.

10. The abbreviation for gram is g.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 4

Metric/International (SI) System

Problems 4.3 (page 39) 1. Two grams is written as 2 g.

2. Five hundred milliliters is written as 500 mL. 3. Five-tenths of a liter is written as 0.5 L. 4. Two-tenths of a milligram is written as 0.2 mg.

5. Five-hundredths of a gram is written as 0.05 g.

6. Two and five-tenths kilograms is written as 2.5 kg.

7. One hundred micrograms is written as 100 mcg.

8. Two and three-tenths milliliters is written as 2.3 mL. 9. Seven-tenths of a milliliter is written as 0.7 mL. 10. Three-tenths of a milligram is written as 0.3 mg.

11. Two and four-tenths liters is written as 2.4 L. 12. Seventeen and five-tenths kilograms is written as 17.5 kg.

13. Nine-hundredths of a milligram is written as 0.09 mg.

14. Ten and two-tenths micrograms is written as 10.2 mcg.

15. Four-hundredths of a gram is written as 0.04 g.

Problems 4.4 (page 40) 1. False: 1000 mL is less than 1000 L. 2. True: 1000 mg is equal to 1 g.

3. True: 1000 g is equal to 1 kg.

4. False: 1000 mg is greater than 1 mcg.

5. False: 1000 mcg is less than 1 g.

6. True: 1 kg is equal to 1000 g.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 4

Metric/International (SI) System

7. False: 1 mg is less than 1000 g.

8. True: 1000 mcg is equal to 1 mg.

9. False: 1 g is greater than 100 mcg.

10. True: 1000 L is equal to 1 kL. Problems 4.5 (page 41) 1. 7 mg = 7000 mcg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding three zeros at the end.

Answer: 7.000.

JJJJJJG mg = 7000 mcg 2. 1.7 L = 1700 mL • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

Answer: 1.700.

JJJJJJG L = 1700 mL 3. 3.2 g = 3200 mg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

Answer: 3.200.

JJJJJJG g = 3200 mg 4. 0.03 kg = 30 g • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding one zero at the end.

• Eliminate the two zeros in the front.

Answer: 0.030.

JJJJJJG kg = 30 g 5. 0.4 mg = 400 mcg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

• Eliminate the one zero in the front.

Answer: 0.400.

JJJJJJG mg = 400 mcg 6. 1.5 mg = 1500 mcg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

Answer: 1.500.

JJJJJJG mg = 1500 mcg 7. 0.7 g = 700 mg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

Answer: 0.700.

JJJJJJG g = 700 mg Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

48

Chapter 4

Metric/International (SI) System

49

8. 0.3 L = 300 mL • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

• Eliminate the zero in the front.

Answer: 0.300.

JJJJJJG L = 300 mL 9. 7 kg = 7000 g • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding three zeros at the end.

Answer: 7.000.

JJJJJJG kg = 7000 g 10. 0.01 mg = 10 mcg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding one zero at the end.

• Eliminate the two zeros in the front.

Answer: 0.010.

JJJJJJG mg = 10 mcg Problems 4.6 (page 42) 1. 3500 mL = 3.5 L • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the two zeros at the end.

Answer: 3.500.

HJJJJJJ mL = 3.5 L 2. 520 mg = 0.52 g • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the one zero at the end.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .520.

HJJJ mg = 0.52 g 3. 1800 mcg = 1.8 mg • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the two zeros at the end.

Answer: 1.800.

HJJJJJJ mcg = 1.8 mg 4. 750 mL = 0.75 L • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the one zero at the end.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .750.

HJJJ mL = 0.75 L

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 4

Metric/International (SI) System

50

5. 150 mg = 0.15 g • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the one zero at the end.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .150.

HJJJ mg = 0.15 g 6. 250 mcg = 0.25 mg • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the one zero at the end.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .250.

HJJJ mcg = 0.25 mg 7. 1200 mg = 1.2 g • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the two zeros at the end.

Answer: 1.200.

HJJJJJJ mg = 1.2 g 8. 600 mL = 0.6 L • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the two zeros at the end.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .600.

HJJJ mL = 0.6 L 9. 100 mg = 0.1 g • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the two zeros at the end.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .100.

HJJJ mg = 0.1 g 10. 950 mcg = 0.95 mg • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the one zero at the end.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .950.

HJJJ mcg = 0.95 mg Chapter 4 Summary Self-Test (page 44) 1. Gram is the basic unit of weight.

Liter is the basic unit of volume.

Meter is the basic unit of length.

2. The official metric/SI abbreviations are a) L; b) g; c) kL; e) mg; and f) kg.

The abbreviations d) mgm; g) ml; and h) G are incorrect.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 4

Metric/International (SI) System

51

3. Six-hundredths of a milligram is written as 0.06 mg.

4. Three hundred and ten milliliters is written as 310 mL. 5. Three-tenths of a kilogram is written as 0.3 kg.

6. Four-tenths of a milliliter is written as 0.4 mL. 7. One and five-tenths grams is written as 1.5 g.

8. One-hundredth of a gram is written as 0.01g.

9. Four thousand milliliters is written as 4000 mL. 10. One and two-tenths milligrams is written as 1.2 mg.

11. Weight: kg, g, mg, mcg Volume: L, mL 12. 160 mg = 0.16 g • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the one zero at the end.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .160.

HJJJ mg = 0.16 g 13. 10 kg = 10,000 g • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding three zeros at the end.

Answer: 10.000.

JJJJJJJG kg = 10, 000 g 14. 1500 mcg = 1.5 mg • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the two zeros at the end.

Answer: 1.500.

HJJJJJJ mcg = 1.5 mg 15. 750 mg = 0.75 g • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the one zero at the end.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .750.

HJJJ mg = 0.75 g 16. 200 mL = 0.2 L • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the two zeros at the end.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .200.

HJJJ mL = 0.2 L Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 4

Metric/International (SI) System

52

17. 0.3 g = 300 mg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

• Eliminate the zero in the front.

Answer: 0.300.

JJJJJJG g = 300 mg 18. 0.05 g = 50 mg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding one zero at the end.

• Eliminate the two zeros in the front.

Answer: 0.050.

JJJJJJG g = 50 mg 19. 0.15 g = 150 mg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding one zero at the end.

• Eliminate the zero in the front.

Answer: 0.150.

JJJJJJG g =150 mg 20. 1.2 L = 1200 mL • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

Answer: 1.200.

JJJJJJG L =1200 mL 21. 1800 mL = 1.8 L • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the two zeros at the end.

Answer: 1.800.

HJJJJJJ mL =1.8 L 22. 2 mg = 2000 mcg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding three zeros at the end.

Answer: 2.000.

JJJJJJG mg = 2000 mcg 23. 900 mcg = 0.9 mg • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the two zeros at the end.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .900.

HJJJJ mcg = 0.9 mg 24. 2.1 L = 2100 mL • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

Answer: 2.100.

JJJJJJG L = 2100 mL

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 4

Metric/International (SI) System

25. 475 mL = 0.475 L • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .475.

HJJJ mL = 0.475 L 26. 0.9 L = 900 mL • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

• Eliminate the zero in the front.

Answer: 0.900.

JJJJJJG L = 900 mL 27. 300 mg = 0.3 g • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the two zeros at the end.

• Add a zero in front of the decimal point.

Answer: .300.

HJJJ mg = 0.3 g 28. 2.5 mg = 2500 mcg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

Answer: 2.500.

JJJJJJG mg = 2500 mcg 29. 1 kL = 1000 L • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding three zeros at the end.

Answer: 1.000.

JJJJJJG kL =1000 L 30. 3 L = 3000 mL • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding three zeros at the end.

Answer: 3.000.L JJJJJJG = 3000 mL 31. 2 L = 2000 mL • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding three zeros at the end.

Answer: 2.000.

JJJJJJG L = 2000 mL 32. 0.7 mg = 700 mcg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

• Eliminate the zero in the front.

Answer: 0.700.

JJJJJJG mg = 700 mcg Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 4

Metric/International (SI) System

54

33. 4 g = 4000 mg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding three zeros at the end.

Answer: 4.000.

JJJJJJG g = 4000 mg 34. 1000 mL = 1 L • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the three zeros at the end.

Answer: 1.000.

HJJJJJJ mL =1L 35. 2500 mL = 2.5 L • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the two zeros at the end.

Answer: 2.500.

HJJJJJJ mL = 2.5 L 36. 1000 mg = 1 g • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the three zeros at the end.

Answer: 1.000.

HJJJJJJ mg =1g 37. 0.2 mg = 200 mcg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

• Eliminate the zero in the front.

Answer: 0.200.

JJJJJJG mg = 200 mcg 38. 2000 g = 2 kg • You are converting to a larger unit of measure, so the quantity will be smaller.

• Move the decimal point three places to the left and then eliminate the three zeros at the end.

Answer: 2.000.

HJJJJJJ mg = 2 g 39. 1.4 g = 1400 mg • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

Answer: 1.400.

JJJJJJG g =1400 mg 40. 2.5 L = 2500 mL • You are converting to a smaller unit of measure, so the quantity will be larger.

• Move the decimal point three places to the right by adding two zeros at the end.

Answer: 2.500.

JJJJJJG L = 2500 mL

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 5 Unit, Percentage, Milliequivalent, Ratio, and Household Measures Problems 5.1 (page 46) 1. Two hundred and fifty thousand units is written as 250,000 units.

2. Ten units is written as 10 units.

3. Five thousand units is written as 5000 units.

4. Forty-four units is written as 44 units.

5. Forty thousand units is written as 40,000 units.

6. One million units is written as 1,000,000 units.

7. One thousand units is written as 1000 units.

8. Twenty-five hundred units is written as 2500 units.

9. Thirty-four units is written as 34 units.

10. One hundred units is written as 100 units.

Problems 5.2 (page 48) 1. Sixty milliequivalents is written as 60 mEq. 2. Fifteen milliequivalents is written as 15 mEq. 3. Forty milliequivalents is written as 40 mEq. 4. One milliequivalent is written as 1 mEq. 5. Fifty milliequivalents is written as 50 mEq. 6. Eighty milliequivalents is written as 80 mEq. 7. Fifty-five milliequivalents is written as 55 mEq. 8. Seventy milliequivalents is written as 70 mEq. 9. Thirty milliequivalents is written as 30 mEq. 10. Twenty milliequivalents is written as 20 mEq.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

55

Chapter 5 Unit, Percentage, Milliequivalent, Ratio, and Household Measures Problems 5.3 (page 48) 1. 1 part drug to 200 parts solution is expressed as 1 : 200.

2. 1 part drug to 4 parts solution is expressed as 1 : 4.

3. 1 part drug to 7 parts solution is expressed as 1 : 7.

4. The strongest solution is c) 1 : 2.

5. The strongest solution is b) 1 : 20.

6. The strongest solution is a) 1 : 1000.

Chapter 5 Summary Self-Test (page 50) 1. Three hundred thousand units is written as 300,000 units.

2. Forty-five units is written as 45 units.

3. Ten percent is written as 10%.

4. Two and a half percent is written as 2.5%.

5. Forty milliequivalents is written as 40 mEq. 6. A one in two thousand ratio is written as 1 : 2000.

7. A one in ten ratio is written as 1 : 10.

8. One percent is written as 1%.

9. One drop is written as 1 gtt.

10. Two thousand units is written as 2000 units.

11. Five milliequivalents is written as 5 mEq. 12. Nine-tenths percent is written as 0.9%.

13. Ten units is written as 10 units.

14. A one in two ratio is written as 1 : 2.

15. Five percent is written as 5%.

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Chapter 5 Unit, Percentage, Milliequivalent, Ratio, and Household Measures 16. Twenty milliequivalents is written as 20 mEq. 17. Fourteen units is written as 14 units.

18. Twenty percent is written as 20%.

19. Two million units is written as 2,000,000 units.

20. One hundred thousand units is written as 100,000 units.

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Problems 6.1 (page 57) 1. nitroglycerin 2. Nitrostat® 3. 0.3 mg 4.

1

200

gr

5. Dosage ordered = 0.3 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 0.3 mg/1 tab 0.3 mg 0.3 mg = 1 tab X tab 0.3 X = 0.3 X = 1 tab 6. sublingual 7. under the tongue 8. Parke-Davis, a division of Pfizer Pharmaceuticals LCC 9. Dosage ordered = 0.6 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 0.3 mg/1 tab 0.3 mg 0.6 mg = 1 tab X tab 0.3 X = 0.6

X = 2 tab Problems 6.2 (page 58)

1. lisinopril 2. Prinivil® 3. 5 mg 4. Merck & Co., Inc. 5. 100 tablets 6. Dosage ordered = 5 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 5 mg/1 tab

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Chapter 6

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5 mg 5 mg = 1 tab X tab 5X = 5 X = 1 tab 7. Dosage ordered = 10 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 5 mg/1 tab 5 mg 10 mg = 1 tab X tab 5 X = 10 X = 2 tab Problems 6.3 (page 60)

1. 60 mg 2. Dosage ordered = 120 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 60 mg/1 cap 60 mg 120 mg = X cap 1 cap 60 X = 120 X = 2 cap 3. Dosage ordered = 60 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 60 mg/1 cap 60 mg 60 mg = X cap 1 cap 60 X = 60 X = 1 cap 4. propranolol hydrochloride 5. 100 capsules

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Chapter 6

Oral Medication Labels and Dosage Calculation

Problems 6.4 (page 60)

1. 5 mg 2. Dosage ordered = 10 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 5 mg/1 tab 5 mg 10 mg = 1 tab X tab 5 X = 10 X = 2 tab 3. Dosage ordered = 2.5 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 5 mg/1 tab 5 mg 2.5 mg = 1 tab X tab 5 X = 2.5 X = 1 2 tab 4. Dosage ordered = 5 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 5 mg/1 tab 5 mg 5 mg = X tab 1 tab 5X = 5 X = 1 tab 5. glipizide 6. 500 tablets Problems 6.5 (page 62)

1. Dosage ordered = 0.12 g/X cap Dosage on hand = 120 mg/1 cap Convert 0.12 g to mg.

0.12 g × 1000 mg/g = 120 mg 120 mg 120 mg = X cap 1 cap 120 X = 120 X = 1 cap 2. Dosage ordered = 10 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 5 mg/1 tab

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5 mg 10 mg = 1 tab X tab 5 X = 10 X = 2 tab 3. Dosage ordered = 7.5 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 5 mg/1 tab 5 mg 7.5 mg = 1 tab X tab 5 X = 7.5 X = 1 1 2 tab 4. Dosage ordered = 2500 mcg/X tab Dosage on hand = 5 mg/1 tab Convert 2500 mcg to mg.

2500 mcg ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 2.5 mg 5 mg 2.5 mg = 1 tab X tab 5 X = 2.5 X = 1 2 tab Problems 6.6 (page 63)

1. Dosage ordered = 80 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 40 mg/1 cap 40 mg 80 mg = X cap 1 cap 40 X = 80 X = 2 cap 2. Dosage ordered = 0.5 g/X tab Dosage on hand = 500 mg/1 tab Convert 0.5 g to mg.

0.5 g × 1000 mg/g = 500 mg 500 mg 500 mg = 1 tab X tab 500 X = 500 X = 1 tab 3. Dosage ordered = 1 g/X tab Dosage on hand = 500 mg/1 tab Convert 1 g to mg.

1 g × 1000 mg/g = 1000 mg Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 6

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500 mg 1000 mg = 1 tab X tab 500 X = 1000 X = 2 tab 4. Dosage ordered = 2500 mcg/X tab Dosage on hand = 2.5 mg/1 tab Convert 2500 mcg to mg.

2500 mcg ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 2.5 mg 2.5 mg 2.5 mg = 1 tab X tab 2.5 X = 2.5 X = 1 tab 5. Dosage ordered = 50 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 25 mg/1 cap 25 mg 50 mg = X cap 1 cap 25 X = 50 X = 2 cap 6. Dosage ordered = 25 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 25 mg/1 cap 25 mg 25 mg = X cap 1 cap 25 X = 25 X = 1 cap 7. Dosage ordered = 80 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 40 mg/1 cap 40 mg 80 mg = X cap 1 cap 40 X = 80 X = 2 cap 8. Dosage ordered = 0.2 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 0.1 mg/1 tab 0.1 mg 0.2 mg = 1 tab X tab 0.1X = 0.2 X = 2 tab Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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9. Dosage ordered = 0.2 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 0.1 mg/1 tab 0.1 mg 0.2 mg = 1 tab X tab 0.1X = 0.2 X = 2 tab 10. Dosage ordered = 3.75 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 2.5 mg/1 tab 2.5 mg 3.75 mg = 1 tab X tab 2.5 X = 3.75 X = 1 1 2 tab

Problems 6.7 (page 64)

1. Dosage ordered = 2.5 mg/X mL Dosage on hand = 2.5 mg/5 mL 2.5 mg 2.5 mg = X mL 5 mL 2.5 X = 12.5 X = 5 mL 2. Dosage ordered = 5 mg/X mL Dosage on hand = 2.5 mg/5 mL 2.5 mg 5 mg = 5 mL X mL 2.5 X = 25 X = 10 mL Problems 6.8 (page 65)

1. Dosage ordered = 400,000 units/X mL Dosage on hand = 400,000 units/5 mL 400, 000 units 400, 000 units = 5 mL X mL 400, 000 X = 2,000,000 X = 5 mL

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2. Dosage ordered = 125 mg/X mL Dosage on hand = 250 mg/5 mL 250 mg 125 mg = 5 mL X mL 250 X = 625 X = 2.5 mL 3. Dosage ordered = 375 mg/X mL Dosage on hand = 250 mg/5 mL 250 mg 375 mg = 5 mL X mL 250 X = 1875 X = 7.5 mL Problems 6.9 (page 65)

1. Dosage ordered = 10 mg/X mL Dosage on hand = 20 mg/1 mL 20 mg 10 mg = 1 mL X mL 20 X = 10 X = 0.5 mL 2. Dosage ordered = 187 mg/X mL Dosage on hand = 187 mg/5 mL 187 mg 187 mg = X mL 5 mL 187 X = 935 X = 5 mL 3. Dosage ordered = 374 mg/X mL Dosage on hand = 187 mg/5 mL 187 mg 374 mg = 5 mL X mL 187 X = 1870 X = 10 mL 4. Dosage ordered = 30 mg/X mL Dosage on hand = 20 mg/1 mL 20 mg 30 mg = 1 mL X mL 20 X = 30 X = 1.5 mL Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Chapter 6

Oral Medication Labels and Dosage Calculation

5. Dosage ordered = 20 mg/X mL Dosage on hand = 20 mg/1 mL 20 mg 20 mg = 1 mL X mL 20 X = 20 X = 1 mL Chapter 6 Summary Self-Test (page 68)

1. Dosage ordered = 15 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 5 mg/1 tab 5 mg 15 mg = 1 tab X tab 5 X = 15 X = 3 tab 2. Dosage ordered = 4 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 2 mg/1 tab 2 mg 4 mg = 1 tab X tab 2X = 4 X = 2 tab 3. Dosage ordered = 80 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 40 mg/1 cap 40 mg 80 mg = X cap 1 cap 40 X = 80 X = 2 cap 4. Dosage ordered = 20 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 10 mg/1 cap 10 mg 20 mg = X cap 1 cap 10 X = 20 X = 2 cap

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Chapter 6

Oral Medication Labels and Dosage Calculation

5. Dosage ordered = 20 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 20 mg/1 cap 20 mg 20 mg = X cap 1 cap 20 X = 20 X = 1 cap 6. Dosage ordered = 250 mg/X mL Dosage on hand = 125 mg/5 mL 125 mg 250 mg = 5 mL X mL 125 X = 1250 X = 10 mL 7. 2 tabs 8. Dosage ordered = 250 mcg/X tab Dosage on hand = 0.25 mg/1 tab Convert 250 mcg to mg.

250 mcg ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 0.25 mg 0.25 mg 0.25 mg = X tab 1 tab 0.25 X = 0.25 X = 1 tab 9. Dosage ordered = 750 mcg/X tab Dosage on hand = 0.25 mg/1 tab Convert 750 mcg to mg.

750 mcg ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 0.75 mg 0.25 mg 0.75 mg = 1 tab X tab 0.25 X = 0.75 X = 3 tab 10. Dosage ordered = 0.2 g/X cap Dosage on hand = 100 mg/1 cap Convert 0.2 g to mg.

0.2 g × 1000 mg/g = 200 mg 100 mg 200 mg = X cap 1 cap 100 X = 200 X = 2 cap

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Chapter 6

Oral Medication Labels and Dosage Calculation

11. Dosage ordered = 1 g/X tab Dosage on hand = 500 mg/1 tab Convert 1 g to mg.

1 g × 1000 mg/g = 1000 mg 500 mg 1000 mg = 1 tab X tab 500 X = 1000 X = 2 tab (500 mg tablets) 12. Dosage ordered = 500 mcg/X tab Dosage on hand = 0.25 mg/1 tab Convert 500 mcg to mg.

500 mcg ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 0.5 mg 0.25 mg 0.5 mg = 1 tab X tab 0.25 X = 0.5 X = 2 tab 13. Dosage ordered = 0.5 g/X tab Dosage on hand = 500 mg/1 tab Convert 0.5 g to mg.

0.5 g × 1000 mg/g = 500 mg 500 mg 500 mg = 1 tab X tab 500 X = 500 X = 1 tab (500 mg tablets) 14. Dosage ordered = 500 mcg/X tab Dosage on hand = 0.25 mg/1 tab Convert 500 mcg to mg.

500 mcg ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 0.5 mg 0.25 mg 0.5 mg = 1 tab X tab 0.25 X = 0.5 X = 2 tab 15. Dosage ordered = 650 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 325 mg/1 tab 325 mg 650 mg = 1 tab X tab 325 X = 650 X = 2 tab Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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16. Dosage ordered = 75 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 25 mg/1 tab 25 mg 75 mg = 1 tab X tab 25 X = 75 X = 3 tab 17. Dosage ordered = 50 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 25 mg/1 tab 25 mg 50 mg = 1 tab X tab 25 X = 50 X = 2 tab 18. Dosage ordered = 20 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 10 mg/1 cap 10 mg 20 mg = X cap 1 cap 10 X = 20 X = 2 cap 19. Dosage ordered = 0.375 g/X tab Dosage on hand = 250 mg/1 tab Convert 0.375 g to mg.

0.375 g × 1000 mg/g = 375 mg 250 mg 375 mg = 1 tab X tab 250 X = 375 X = 1 1 2 tab 20. Dosage ordered = 0.15 g/X tab Dosage on hand = 50 mg/1 tab Convert 0.15 g to mg.

0.15 g × 1000 mg/g = 150 mg 50 mg 150 mg = 1 tab X tab 50 X = 150 X = 3 tab

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21. Dosage ordered = 10 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 10 mg/1 cap 10 mg 10 mg = X cap 1 cap 10 X = 10 X = 1 cap 22. Dosage ordered = 20 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 20 mg/1 cap 20 mg 20 mg = X cap 1 cap 20 X = 20 X = 1 cap 23. Dosage ordered = 40 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 20 mg/1 cap 20 mg 40 mg = X cap 1 cap 20 X = 40 X = 2 cap 24. Dosage ordered = 2.5 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 2.5 mg/1 tab 2.5 mg 2.5 mg = 1 tab X tab 2.5 X = 2.5 X = 1 tab 25. Dosage ordered = 75 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 25 mg/1 cap 25 mg 75 mg = X cap 1 cap 25 X = 75 X = 3 cap

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Oral Medication Labels and Dosage Calculation

26. Dosage ordered = 45 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 30 mg/1 tab 30 mg 45 mg = 1 tab X tab 30 X = 45 X = 1 1 2 tab 27. Dosage ordered = 50 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 25 mg/1 tab 25 mg 50 mg = 1 tab X tab 25 X = 50 X = 2 tab 28. Dosage ordered = 225 mcg/X tab Dosage on hand = 150 mcg/1 tab 150 mcg 225 mcg = 1 tab X tab 150 X = 225 X = 1 1 2 tab 29. Dosage ordered = 600 mcg/X tab Dosage on hand = 0.3 mg/1 tab Convert 600 mcg to mg.

600 mcg ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 0.6 mg 0.3 mg 0.6 mg = 1 tab X tab 0.3 X = 0.6 X = 2 tab 30. Dosage ordered = 0.25 g/X mL Dosage on hand = 125 mg/5 mL Convert 0.25 g to mg.

0.25 g × 1000 mg/g = 250 mg 125 mg 250 mg = 5 mL X mL 125 X = 250 X = 10 mL

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31. Dosage ordered = 120 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 60 mg/1 cap 60 mg 120 mg = X cap 1 cap 60 X = 120 X = 2 cap 32. Dosage ordered = 0.75 g/X tab Dosage on hand = 500 mg/1 tab Convert 0.75 g to mg.

0.75 g × 1000 mg/g = 750 mg 500 mg 750 mg = 1 tab X tab 500 X = 750 X = 1 1 2 tab 33. Dosage ordered = 40 mg/X cap Dosage on hand = 20 mg/1 cap 20 mg 40 mg = X cap 1 cap 20 X = 40 X = 2 cap 34. Dosage ordered = 300 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 600 mg/1 tab 600 mg 300 mg = 1 tab X tab 600 X = 300 X = 1 2 tab 35. Dosage ordered = 150 mg/X mL Dosage on hand = 100 mg/5 mL 100 mg 150 mg = 5 mL X mL 100 X = 750 X = 7.5 mL

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36. Dosage ordered = 0.1 g/X tab Dosage on hand = 100 mg/1 tab Convert 0.1 g to mg.

0.1 g × 1000 mg/g = 100 mg 100 mg 100 mg = 1 tab X tab 100 X = 100 X = 1 tab 37. Dosage ordered = 0.2 g/X mL Dosage on hand = 100 mg/5 mL Convert 0.2 g to mg.

0.2 g × 1000 mg/g = 200 mg 100 mg 200 mg = 5 mL X mL 100 X = 1000 X = 10 mL 38. Dosage ordered = 0.75 g/X tab Dosage on hand = 500 mg/1 tab Convert 0.75 g to mg.

0.75 g × 1000 mg/g = 750 mg 500 mg 750 mg = 1 tab X tab 500 X = 750 X = 1 1 2 tab 39. Dosage ordered = 40 mEq/X mL Dosage on hand = 20 mEq/15 mL 20 mEq 40 mEq = 15 mL X mL 20 X = 600 X = 30 mL 40. Dosage ordered = 250 mg/X tab Dosage on hand = 250 mg/1 tab 250 mg 250 mg = 1 tab X tab 250 X = 250 X = 1 tab

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Chapter 7 Safe Medication Administration Problems 7.1 (page 79) 1. The two medications listed are Hydrodiuril® 50 mg and ciprofloxacin 250 mg.

2. G. Jennings administered the 4 pm dosage.

3. Drug number 3 is scheduled to be administered at 6 am and 6 pm.

Problems 7.2 (page 79) Information needs to be filled in on the MAR.

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74

Chapter 7 Summary Self-Test (page 86) 1. The six rights of medication administration are (1) the right drug, (2) the right dosage, (3) the right route, (4) the right person, (5) the right time, and (6) the right recording of a dosage when it is administered.

2. Generic names should be read carefully, as they are often similar.

3. Extra initials following a drug name identify additional medications in a preparation or special action.

4. Two major transcribing considerations for metric dosages containing a decimal are: •

Use a zero in front of a decimal to draw attention to it.

•

Do not use a decimal or a zero after a whole-number dosage.

5. An unusual number of oral tablets or capsules or excessively large mL volumes must be questioned.

6. The two time-sensitive medications are pain medications, which should be given before pain becomes severe or half an hour before a painful procedure, and insulin administration. Ensure a meal is available shortly after administering insulin.

7. The two identification steps that follow arrival at the room and bed number indicated on a MAR are to ask the patient for his or her name and birthdate, and check the response against the wrist Identa-Band®.

8. If the patient refuses a medication, ask why, record it, and report it.

9. When a medication error occurs: •

Report the error.

•

Take remedial measures as necessary.

•

Determine the cause.

•

Complete an incident report.

•

If possible, institute a policy to prevent a repeat.

10. When preparing a patient for discharge, review all the discharge drugs by asking the patient to explain the dosage, the frequency, the time, and the route of administration of each. Review these again as necessary, including side effects and precautions.

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Problems 8.1 (page 88) 1. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

0 + (2 × 0.1) = 0.2 mL 2. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

1 + (4 × 0.1) = 1.4 mL 3. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

1 + (9 × 0.1) = 1.9 mL Problems 8.2 (page 89) 1. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

0 + (7 × 0.1) = 0.7 mL 2. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

1 + (2 × 0.1) = 1.2 mL 3. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

0 + (3 × 0.1) = 0.3 mL

1. 1.3 mL

2. 2.4 mL

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© Cengage Learning 2015.

© Cengage Learning 2015.

Problems 8.3 (page 89)

3. 0.9 mL

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

5. 1.7 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

© Cengage Learning 2015.

4. 2.5 mL

Hypodermic Syringe Measurement

© Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 8

6. 2.1 mL

Problems 8.4 (page 90) 1. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

1 + (5 × 0.1) = 1.5 mL 2. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

2 + (3 × 0.1) = 2.3 mL 3. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

0 + (8 × 0.1) = 0.8 mL 4. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

2 + (6 × 0.1) = 2.6 mL 5. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

1 + (9 × 0.1) = 1.9 mL 6. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

1 + (4 × 0.1) = 1.4 mL Problems 8.5 (page 93) 1. The calibrations divide a tenth of a mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-hundredth.

0.2 + (4 × 0.01) = 0.24 mL 2. The calibrations divide a tenth of a mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-hundredth.

0.4 + (6 × 0.01) = 0.46 mL 3. The calibrations divide a tenth of a mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-hundredth.

0.1 + (5 × 0.01) = 0.15 mL 4. The calibrations divide a tenth of a mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-hundredth.

0 + (6 × 0.01) = 0.06 mL

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77

5. The calibrations divide a tenth of a mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-hundredth.

0.2 + (7 × 0.01) = 0.27 mL 6. The calibrations divide a tenth of a mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-hundredth.

0.4 + (1 × 0.01) = 0.41 mL

4. 0.12 mL

5. 0.27 mL

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3. 0.45 mL

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2. 0.32 mL

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1. 0.28 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

© Cengage Learning 2015.

Problems 8.6 (page 94)

6. 0.35 mL

Problems 8.7 (page 96) 1. The calibrations divide each mL into five increments, so each shorter calibration measures two-tenths.

3 + (2 × 0.2) = 3.4 mL 2. The calibrations divide each mL into five increments, so each shorter calibration measures two-tenths.

5 + (0 × 0.2) = 5 mL 3. The calibrations divide each mL into five increments, so each shorter calibration measures two-tenths.

4 + (3 × 0.2) = 4.6 mL Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 8

Hypodermic Syringe Measurement

78

4. The calibrations divide each mL into five increments, so each shorter calibration measures two-tenths.

1 + (4 × 0.2) = 1.8 mL 5. The calibrations divide each mL into five increments, so each shorter calibration measures two-tenths.

9 + (2 × 0.2) = 9.4 mL

4. 9.4 mL

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3. 6.8 mL

5. 3 mL

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© Cengage Learning 2015.

2. 3.2 mL

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1. 1.4 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

© Cengage Learning 2015.

Problems 8.8 (page 97)

6. 5.6 mL

Problems 8.9 (page 98) 1. The syringe is calibrated in 1 mL increments.

7 mL 2. The syringe is calibrated in 1 mL increments.

12 mL 3. The syringe is calibrated in 1 mL increments.

16 mL

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Hypodermic Syringe Measurement

79

2. 18 mL

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© Cengage Learning 2015.

1. 11 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

Problems 8.10 (page 99)

3. 9 mL

Chapter 8 Summary Self-Test (page 100) 1. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

0 + (5 × 0.1) = 0.5 mL 2. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

2 + (5 × 0.1) = 2.5 mL 3. The calibrations divide each mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-tenth.

1 + (6 × 0.1) = 1.6 mL 4. The calibrations divide a tenth of a mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-hundredth.

0.1 + (8 × 0.01) = 0.18 mL 5. The calibrations divide a tenth of a mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-hundredth.

0.2 + (5 × 0.01) = 0.25 mL 6. The calibrations divide a tenth of a mL into 10 increments, so each shorter calibration measures one-hundredth.

0 + (8 × 0.01) = 0.08 mL 7. The calibrations divide each mL into five increments, so each shorter calibration measures two-tenths.

6 + (2 × 0.2) = 6.4 mL 8. The calibrations divide each mL into five increments, so each shorter calibration measures two-tenths.

4 + (4 × 0.2) = 4.8 mL 9. The syringe is calibrated in 1 mL increments.

17 mL

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16. 1.7 mL

17. 2.2 mL

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15. 7.6 mL

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1.2 mL

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14.

80

12. 0.44 mL

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© Cengage Learning 2015.

13. 13 mL

11. 0.31 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

10. 0.42 mL

Hypodermic Syringe Measurement

© Cengage Learning 2015.

© Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 8

18. 0.9 mL

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 9 Parenteral Medication Labels and Dosage Calculation Problems 9.1 (page 104) 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The strength of the solution is 6 mg/mL.

6 mg 3 mg = 1 mL X mL 6X = 3 3 1 X = = mL or 0.5 mL 6 2

6 mg 6 mg = 1 mL X mL 6X = 6 6 X = = 1 mL 6 6 mg 9 mg = 1 mL X mL 6X = 9 9 X = = 1.5 mL 6 6 mg 12 mg = 1 mL X mL 6 X = 12 12 = 2 mL X = 6

Problems 9.2 (page 104)

1.

The total volume of this vial is 10 mL.

2.

The dosage strength is 40 mg/10 mL.

3.

40 mg 8 mg = 10 mL X mL 40X = 80 80 = 2 mL X = 40

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Chapter 9 Parenteral Medication Labels and Dosage Calculation

4.

5.

40 mg 6 mg = 10 mL X mL 40X = 60 60 = 1.5 mL X = 40 40 mg 20 mg = 10 mL X mL 40 X = 200 200 = 5 mL X = 40

Problems 9.3 (page 105)

1.

2.

3.

4.

20 mg 10 mg = 1 mL X mL 20 X = 10 10 = 0.5 mL X = 20 20 mg 20 mg = 1 mL X mL 20 X = 20 20 = 1 mL X = 20 You will prepare 5 mL of the solution.

20 mg 15 mg = 1 mL X mL 20 X = 15 15 = 0.75 mL X = 20

Problems 9.4 (page 106)

1.

The percentage strength of this solution is 1%.

2.

The vial contains 50 mL.

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3.

You will draw up 20 mL of solution.

4.

The metric dosage strength is 10 mg/mL.

5.

10 mg 25 mg = 1 mL X mL 10 X = 25 25 = 2.5 mL X = 10

6.

The percentage strength is 10%.

7.

This preparation contains 10 mL.

8.

The dosage strength is 0.465 mEq/mL.

Problems 9.5 (page 107)

1.

The ratio strength of this solution is 1 : 1000.

2.

This is contained in a volume of 1 mL.

3.

The metric dosage strength of this solution is 1 mg/mL.

Problems 9.6 (page 107)

1.

The total volume of this vial of heparin is 10 mL.

2.

The dosage strength is 1000 units/mL.

3.

4.

1000 units X units = 1 mL 1.5 mL X = 1500 units 1000 units 5500 units = X mL 1 mL 1000 X = 5500 5500 X = = 5.5 mL 1000

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5.

1000 units X units = 1 mL 0.25 mL X = 250 units

6.

The dosage strength is 1,200,000 units/2 mL.

7.

1, 200, 000 units 600, 000 units = 2 mL X mL 1, 200, 000 X = 1,200,000 X =

1, 200, 000 = 1 mL 1, 200, 000

Problems 9.7 (page 108)

1.

The total dosage is 30 mEq and the total volume is 15 mL.

2.

The dosage is 2 mEq/mL.

3.

2 mEq 15 mEq = X mL 1 mL 2 X = 15 15 X = = 7.5 mL 2

4.

The strength of this solution is 2 mEq/mL.

5.

6.

2 mEq 40 mEq = X mL 1 mL 2 X = 40 40 X = = 20 mL 2 2 mEq 20 mEq = X mL 1 mL 2 X = 20 20 X = = 10 mL 2

7.

The dosage strength is 1 mEq/mL.

8.

The total volume is 50 mL and 50 mEq is contained in this volume.

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9.

Each 50 mL contains 4.2 g of medication.

X g 4.2 g = 50 mL 1 mL 4.2 X = 50 X = 0.084 g/mL

10. You would draw up 10 mL of solution.

Chapter 9 Summary Self-Test (page 110)

1. Dosage ordered: 500 mcg Dosage on hand: 1 mg/mL Convert 500 mcg to mg.

500 mcg ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 0.5 mg

1 mg 0.5 mg = 1 mL X mL X = 0.5 mL © 2015 Cengage Learning.

2. Dosage ordered: 10 mg Dosage on hand: 20 mg/2 mL 20 mg 10 mg = X mL 2 mL 20 X = 20 20 X = = 1 mL 20 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

3. Dosage ordered: 2500 units Dosage on hand: 5000 units/mL 5000 units 2500 units = X mL 1 mL 5000 X = 2500 2500 X = = 0.5 mL 5000 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

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4. Dosage ordered: 100 mg Dosage on hand: 500 mg/10 mL 500 mg 100 mg = X mL 10 mL 500 X = 1000 1000 X = = 2 mL 500 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

5. Dosage ordered: 0.2 mg Dosage on hand: 0.1 mg/mL 0.1 mg 0.2 mg = X mL 1 mL 0.1X = 0.2 0.2 X = = 2 mL 0.1 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

6. Dosage ordered: 25 mg Dosage on hand: 25 mg/mL 25 mg 25 mg = X mL 1 mL 25 X = 25 25 X = = 1 mL 25 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

7. Dosage ordered: 100 mcg Dosage on hand: 0.2 mg/mL Convert 0.2 mg to mcg.

0.2 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 200 mcg 200 mcg 100 mcg = X mL 1 mL 200 X = 100 100 X = = 0.5 mL 200

© 2015 Cengage Learning.

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8. Dosage ordered: 25 mg Dosage on hand: 5 mg/mL 5 mg 25 mg = X mL 1 mL 5 X = 25 25 X = = 5 mL 5 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

9. Dosage ordered: 0.25 g Dosage on hand: 25 mg/mL Convert 0.25 g to mg.

0.25 g × 1000 mg/g = 250 mg 25 mg 250 mg = X mL 1 mL 25 X = 250 250 X= = 10 mL 25 10. Dosage ordered: 1 mg Dosage on hand: 1000 mcg/mL Convert 1 mg to mcg.

1 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 1000 mcg 1000 mcg 1000 mcg = X mL 1 mL 1000 X = 1000 1000 X = = 1 mL 1000 11. Dosage ordered: 10 mg Dosage on hand: 20 mg/mL 20 mg 10 mg = X mL 1 mL 20 X = 10 10 X = = 0.5 mL 20

© 2015 Cengage Learning.

© 2015 Cengage Learning.

© 2015 Cengage Learning.

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12. Dosage ordered: 2 mg Dosage on hand: 1 mg/mL 1 mg 2 mg = X mL 1 mL X =2 2 X = = 2 mL 1 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

13. Dosage ordered: 125 mcg Dosage on hand: 250 mcg/5 mL 250 mcg 125 mcg = X mL 5 mL 250 X = 625 625 X = = 2.5 mL 250 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

14. Dosage ordered: 0.93 mEq Dosage on hand: 0.465 mEq/mL 0.465 mEq 0.93 mEq = X mL 1 mL 0.465 X = 0.93 0.93 X = = 2 mL 0.465 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

15. Dosage ordered: 0.7 g Dosage on hand: 350 mg/mL Convert 0.7 g to mg.

0.7 g × 1000 mg/g = 700 mg 350 mg 700 mg = X mL 1 mL 350X = 700 700 X = = 2 mL 350

© 2015 Cengage Learning.

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16. Dosage ordered: 500 units Dosage on hand: 1000 units/mL 1000 units 500 units = X mL 1 mL 1000 X = 500 500 X = = 0.5 mL 1000 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

17. Dosage ordered: 3 mg Dosage on hand: 2 mg/mL 2 mg 3 mg = X mL 1 mL 2X = 3 3 X = = 1.5 mL 2 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

18. Dosage ordered: 0.5 mg Dosage on hand: 1 mg/mL

1 mg 0.5 mg = X mL 1 mL X = 0.5 mL © 2015 Cengage Learning.

19. Dosage ordered: 30 mg Dosage on hand: 15 mg/mL 15 mg 30 mg = X mL 1 mL 15X = 30 30 X = = 2 mL 15 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

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20. Dosage ordered: 6 mg Dosage on hand: 4 mg/mL 4 mg 6 mg = X mL 1 mL 4X = 6 6 X = = 1.5 mL 4 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

21. Dosage ordered: 50 mg Dosage on hand: 10 mg/mL 10 mg 50 mg = X mL 1 mL 10X = 50 50 X = = 5 mL 10 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

22. Dosage ordered: 40 mEq Dosage on hand: 4 mEq/mL 4 mEq 40 mEq = X mL 1 mL 4 X = 40 40 X = = 10 mL 4 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

23. Dosage ordered: 200 mcg Dosage on hand: 0.1 mg/mL Convert 0.1 mg to mcg.

0.1 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 100 mcg 100 mcg 200 mcg = X mL 1 mL 100 X = 200 200 X = = 2 mL 100

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24. Dosage ordered: 50 mg Dosage on hand: 100 mg/mL 100 mg 50 mg = X mL 1 mL 100X = 50 50 X = = 0.5 mL 100 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

25. Dosage ordered: 0.3 g Dosage on hand: 150 mg/mL Convert 0.3 g to mg.

0.3 g × 1000 mg/g = 300 mg 150 mg 300 mg = X mL 1 mL 150X = 300 300 X = = 2 mL 150 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

26. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage on hand: 15 mg/mL 15 mg 15 mg = X mL 1 mL 15X = 15 15 X = = 1 mL 15 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

27. Dosage ordered: 150 mg Dosage on hand: 50 mg/mL 50 mg 150 mg = X mL 1 mL 50X = 150 150 X = = 3 mL 50 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

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28. Dosage ordered: 20 mg Dosage on hand: 1 mg/mL 1 mg 20 mg = X mL 1 mL 1X = 20 20 X = = 20 mL 1 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

29. Dosage ordered: 20 mEq Dosage on hand: 4 mEq/mL 4 mEq 20 mEq = X mL 1 mL 4 X = 20 20 X = = 5 mL 4 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

30. Dosage ordered: 50 mg Dosage on hand: 25 mg/mL 25 mg 50 mg = X mL 1 mL 25X = 50 50 X = = 2 mL 25 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

31. Dosage ordered: 30 mg Dosage on hand: 10 mg/mL 10 mg 30 mg = X mL 1 mL 10X = 30 30 X = = 3 mL 10 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

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32. Dosage ordered: 60 mg Dosage on hand: 80 mg/2 mL 80 mg 60 mg = X mL 2 mL 80X = 120 120 X = = 1.5 mL 80 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

33. Dosage ordered: 50 mg Dosage on hand: 25 mg/mL 25 mg 50 mg = X mL 1 mL 25X = 50 50 X = = 2 mL 25 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

34. Dosage ordered: 2 mg Dosage on hand: 4 mg/mL 4 mg 2 mg = X mL 1 mL 4X = 2 2 X = = 0.5 mL 4 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

35. Dosage ordered: 50 mg Dosage on hand: 25 mg/mL 25 mg 50 mg = X mL 1 mL 25X = 50 50 X = = 2 mL 25 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

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36. Dosage ordered: 0.05 mg Dosage on hand: 100 mcg/2 mL Convert 0.05 mg to mcg.

0.05 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 50 mcg 100 mcg 50 mcg = X mL 2 mL 100 X = 100 100 X = = 1 mL 100

© 2015 Cengage Learning.

37. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage on hand: 10 mg/mL 10 mg 15 mg = X mL 1 mL 10X = 15 15 X = = 1.5 mL 10 © 2015 Cengage Learning.

38. Dosage ordered: 1 mg Dosage on hand: 1000 mcg/mL Convert 1 mg to mcg.

1 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 1000 mcg 1000 mcg 1000 mcg = X mL 1 mL 1000 X = 1000 1000 X = = 1 mL 1000

© 2015 Cengage Learning.

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39. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage on hand: 30 mg/mL 30 mg 15 mg = X mL 1 mL 30 X = 15 15 X = = 0.5 mL 30

© 2015 Cengage Learning.

40. Dosage ordered: 200 mcg Dosage on hand: 0.2 mg/mL Convert 0.2 mg to mcg.

0.2 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 200 mcg 200 mcg 200 mcg = X mL 1 mL 200X = 200 200 X = = 1 mL 200

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Chapter 10

Reconstitution of Powdered Drugs

Problems 10.1 (page 131) 1. Store at or below 86°F (30°C).

2. This drug is administered IM or IV. 3. This solution retains potency for 2–8 hours at room temperature after reconstitution.

4. This solution retains potency for 24–72 hours if refrigerated.

5. If reconstituted at 10:10 am on October 3, the label should read: Exp. Oct. 4 10:10 am to Oct. 6 10:10 am.

6. Your initials should be printed on the label.

7. The total dosage is 1.5 g.

Problems 10.2 (page 131) 1. You will need 75 mL of diluent.

2. The diluent to be used is water.

3. Slowly add 75 mL of water. After partially filling bottle, replace cap and shake vigorously. Add remaining water and repeat shaking.

4. No, the diluent does not need to be sterile.

5. The dosage strength is 250 mg/5 mL. 6. If this drug is reconstituted on March 15 at 4:40 pm., the expiration label is: Exp. March 29 4:40 pm.

7. The reconstituted solution must be refrigerated.

8. Dosage ordered: 125 mg Dosage available: 250 mg/5 mL 250 mg 125 mg = 5 mL X mL 250X = 625 625 X = 250 X = 2.5 mL

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97

9. Dosage ordered: 500 mg Dosage available: 250 mg/5 mL 250 mg 500 mg = 5 mL X mL 250X = 2500 2500 X = 250 X = 10 mL 10. There are 400,000 units in a 5 mL dose.

11. Before administering this medication, shake it well.

12. His or her initials should be printed on the label.

Problems 10.3 (page 132)

1. The total dosage of this vial is 500 mg.

2. You will use 1 mL for IM reconstitution.

3. The diluent to be used is 1% lidocaine hydrochloride injection or sterile water for injection.

4. 1 mL of IM reconstituted solution contains 350 mg.

5. You look for information on the kind of diluent to use for IV reconstitution on the package insert.

6. Storage and expiration details are found on the package insert.

7. Print your initials on the label.

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Chapter 10

Reconstitution of Powdered Drugs

Problems 10.4 (page 133)

1. The total dosage of this vial is 9 g.

2. Reconstitution instructions are found on the package insert.

3. The reconstituted solution must be discarded after 4 hours.

4. A 6 mL IV volume will contain 900 mg/6 mL. 5. Dosage ordered: 1500 mg Dosage available: 900 mg/6 mL 900 mg 1500 mg = 6 mL X mL 900X = 9000 9000 X = 900 X = 10 mL 6. The strength of the reconstituted solution is 150 mg/mL. 7. This drug is administered intravenously.

Problems 10.5 (page 133)

1. The total dosage strength of this vial is 1 g.

2. Add 10 mL diluent for reconstitution.

3. The dosage strength per mL of the reconstituted solution is 100 mg per mL. 4. The type of diluent needed is bacteriostatic water.

5. The reconstituted solution will retain its potency for 48 hours.

6. This medication can be given intravenously, subcutaneously, or intrathecally.

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Problems 10.6 (page 134)

1. The total dosage strength of this vial is 500 mg.

2. Add 10 mL diluent for reconstitution.

3. The dosage per mL of the reconstituted solution is 50 mg/mL. 4. The expiration time of the reconstituted solution is 48 hours.

5. For subcutaneous injection, the diluent must be bacteriostatic water for injection USP with benzyl alcohol.

Problems 10.7 (page 135)

1. The types of diluent that may be used for reconstitution under the section labeled For Intramuscular Use are sterile water for injection and bacteriostatic water for injection.

2. The volume of diluent specified is 0.9 mL. 3. The diluent required for a 500 mg vial is 1.7 mL. 4. The diluent required for a 1 g vial is 3.4 mL. 5. The diluent required for a 2 g vial is 6.8 mL. 6. The dosage strength of all four reconstituted solutions is 250 mg per 1 mL. 7. The amount of diluent required under For Direct Intravenous Use is 5 mL for either 250 mg or 500 mg vial.

8. For direct IV administration of the 250 mg and 500 mg reconstituted solution, inject slowly over 3 to 5 minutes.

9. The caution pertaining to rapid IV administration is that too rapid administration may result in convulsive seizures.

Problems 10.8 (page 137)

1. The dosage strength to print on the label after adding 75 mL of diluent is 250,000 units per mL. 2. Yes, this prepared solution requires refrigeration.

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Chapter 10

Reconstitution of Powdered Drugs

3. If you reconstitute on June 1 at 2 pm, the label should read: Exp. June 8 2 pm.

4. The total dosage strength of this vial is 20 million units.

5. Your initials should be printed on the label.

6. To locate the diluent to be used, see the package insert.

Problems 10.9 (page 137)

1. The amount of diluent to reconstitute a 500 mg vial is 10 mL. 2. The amount of diluent to reconstitute a 1 g vial is 20 mL. 3. The kind of diluent to be used is sterile water for injection.

4. The reconstituted dosage per mL of both of these solutions is 50 mg per mL. 5. The solution can be stored in a refrigerator for 14 days.

6. If the drug is reconstituted on May 4 at 1350, the expiration label is Exp. May 18 1350.

7. Print your initials on the label.

Chapter 10 Summary Self-Test (page 138)

1. The total dosage is 1 g.

2. The volume of diluent that must be used for I.M. reconstitution is 2.1 mL. 3. The dosage strength of 1 mL of reconstituted I.M. solution is 350 mg/mL. 4. The dosage strength is 200 mcg or 0.2 mg.

5. The volume of diluent that must be added to prepare the solution for use is 5 mL. 6. The kind of diluent to be used is 0.9% sodium chloride.

7. The reconstituted levothyroxine must be used immediately.

8. The per mL strength of the reconstituted solution is 40 mcg/mL. 9. Dosage instructions are found on the package insert.

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10. The amount of diluent needed for reconstitution is 10 mL. 11. The type of diluent is bacteriostatic water for injection USP with benzyl alcohol.

12. The total vial dosage is 1 gram.

13. This medication should be stored at 25°C (77°F).

14. Each 1 mL will contain a dosage of 100 mg/mL. 15. The expiration time of the solution is 48 hours.

16. If the solution is reconstituted on Feb. 14 at 0840 the expiration date printed on the label is Exp. Feb. 16 0840.

17. The amount of diluent required to reconstitute Vfend® I.V. solution is 19 mL. 18. The diluent specified for use is water for injection.

19. The strength of each 1 mL of the reconstituted solution is 10 mg/mL. 20. The total dosage of the vial of Vfend is 200 mg.

21. The amount of diluent required to reconstitute the Vantin® Oral Suspension is 29 mL. 22. The type of diluent listed for reconstitution of the Vantin Oral Suspension is distilled water.

23. To add this diluent, shake the bottle to loosen granules, add half (about 15 mL) of the distilled water, and shake vigorously to dissolve granules; add balance of water and shake vigorously.

24. The reconstituted dosage strength of the Vantin Oral Suspension is 100 mg/5 mL. 25. The reconstituted Vantin solution will retain its potency for 14 days.

26. The total strength of cytarabine is 500 mg.

27. The diluent that must be used to reconstitute cytarabine is bacteriostatic water for injection USP with benzyl alcohol.

28. The amount of diluent to reconstitute cytarabine is 10 mL. 29. The dosage per reconstituted mL is 50 mg/mL.

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102

30. The reconstituted cytarabine solution will retain its potency at room temperature for 48 hours.

31. The type of diluent recommended for reconstitution of acyclovir is sterile water for injection.

32. The amount of diluent that must be added for preparation of acyclovir is 10 mL. 33. The total dosage strength of the vial of acyclovir is 500 mg.

34. This solution of acyclovir must be used within 12 hours.

35. The total dosage strength is 2 g.

36. The volume of diluent that must be added is 20 mL. 37. The type of diluent that must be used is bacteriostatic water for injection USP with benzyl alcohol.

38. The reconstituted dosage strength per mL is 100 mg/mL. 39. Reconstituted cytarabine will retain its potency for 48 hours.

40. The total dosage strength of the penicillin G potassium vial is one million units.

41. The amount of diluent that must be added to prepare a 100,000 units/mL strength of penicillin G potassium is 10 mL. 42. The amount of diluent that must be added to prepare a 500,000 units/mL strength of penicillin G potassium is 1.8 mL. 43. The amount of diluent that must be added to prepare a 50,000 units/mL strength of penicillin G potassium is 20 mL. 44. You will find the information for the type of diluent to use on the package insert.

45. This solution of penicillin must be stored in a refrigerator.

46. If reconstituted at 1:10 am on December 18, print on the label Exp. Dec. 25 1:10 am.

47. Print your initials on the label.

48. Print initials for space considerations and because handwriting is difficult to read.

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Chapter 10

Reconstitution of Powdered Drugs

49. The generic name for Zithromax® is azithromycin.

50. The dosage strength of the Zithromax vial is 500 mg.

51. The diluent specified for reconstitution of Zithromax is sterile water for injection.

52. The amount of diluent required for reconstitution of Zithromax is 4.8 mL. 53. The reconstituted dosage strength of Zithromax is 100 mg/mL.

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Chapter 11

Measuring Insulin Dosages

Problems 11.1 (page 146) 1. The 70 on this label represents 70% human insulin isophane suspension.

2. The 30 on this label identifies 30% human insulin.

3. The company that manufactured this insulin is Lilly USA. 4. The dosage strength of this insulin is 100 units/mL. 5. The generic name of this insulin preparation is insulin lispro injection (rDNA origin).

6. The dosage strength is 100 units/mL. 7. The volume of insulin this pen contains is 3 mL. 8. The generic name of this insulin is lispro.

9. The 50/50 identifies 50% insulin lispro protamine suspension; 50% insulin lispro injection.

10. The generic name of this insulin is lispro.

11. The generic name of this insulin is glulisine.

12. The trade name of this insulin is Apidra®.

13. The dosage strength of this preparation is 100 units/mL. 14. The trade name of this insulin is Apidra®.

15. The generic name is glulisine.

16. The manufacturer of this insulin is sanofi-aventis.

17. The R on this label identifies regular insulin.

18. The precaution for using this particular insulin is that it is high potency; not for ordinary use.

19. The total volume of this vial is 20 mL. 20. The dosage strength of this insulin is 500 units/mL. 21. The generic name of this insulin is lispro.

22. The trade name of this insulin is Lantus®.

23. The generic name is glargine.

24. The dosage strength is 100 units/mL. 25. The manufacturer of this insulin is sanofi-aventis.

Problems 11.2 (page 151) 1. The dosage is 11 units.

2. The dosage is 15 units.

3. The dosage is 22 units.

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Measuring Insulin Dosages

105

5

10

10

10

15

15

15

20

20

20

25

25

25

30

30

30

35 40 45 1

50

mL

UNITS

/2

© Cengage Learning 2015.

5

© Cengage Learning 2015.

5

35 40 45 1

50

mL

UNITS

/2

1. 33 units

35 40 45 1

50

mL

UNITS

/2

2. 38 units

© Cengage Learning 2015.

Problems 11.3 (page 151)

3. 18 units

Problems 11.4 (page 152) 1.

2.

3.

4.

The dosage is 32 units.

The dosage is 52 units.

The dosage is 74 units.

The dosage is 84 units.

10

20

20

20

20

30

30

30

30

40

40

40

40

50

50

50

50

60

60

60

60

70 80 90 100

1

UNITS

mL

1. 66 units

70 80 90 100

1

UNITS

mL

2. 84 units

70 80 90 100

1

UNITS

mL

3. 28 units

© Cengage Learning 2015.

10

© Cengage Learning 2015.

10

© Cengage Learning 2015.

10

70 80 90 100

1

UNITS

mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

Problems 11.5 (page 152)

4. 44 units

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 11

Measuring Insulin Dosages

Problems 11.6 (page 153) 1. The dosage is 66 units.

2. The dosage is 41 units.

3. The dosage is 79 units.

Problems 11.7 (page 154)

35 45 55 65 75 85 95 1mL

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60 70 80 90 100 UNITS

1. 55 units

65 75 85 95 1mL

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60 70 80 90 100 UNITS

2. 94 units

65 75 85 95 1mL

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 UNITS

© Cengage Learning 2015.

25

15

5

10

© Cengage Learning 2015.

15

5

10

© Cengage Learning 2015.

5

3. 69 units

Problems 11.8 (page 156) 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

28 units Regular, 64 units NPH 16 units NPH, 6 units Regular 33 units Regular, 41 units NPH 21 units Regular, 52 units NPH 13 units Regular, 27 units NPH

Total Volume

Syringe Size

28 + 64 = 92 units 16 + 6 = 22 units 33 + 41 = 74 units 21 + 52 = 73 units 13 + 27 = 40 units

100 unit 30 unit 100 unit 100 unit 50 unit

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Measuring Insulin Dosages

Chapter 11 Summary Self-Test (page 158)

35 45 55 65 75 85 95 1mL

20

10

20

30

15

30

40

20

40

50

25

50

60

30

60

70 80 90 100 UNITS

35 40 45 1

50

mL

UNITS

/2

37 units Regular

4. 14 + 58 = 72 units

25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 1mL

80 90 100

1

UNITS

mL

17 units Regular 12 units NPH

48 units NPH

5. 12 units

6. 18 + 8 = 26 units

5

10

20

10

20

30

15

30

40

20

40

50

25

50

60

30

60

10

70 80 90 100 UNITS

14 units Regular 58 units NPH

35 40 45 1

50

mL

UNITS

/2

© Cengage Learning 2015.

15

© Cengage Learning 2015.

5

70

© Cengage Learning 2015.

25

10

© Cengage Learning 2015.

15

3. 48 units

5

10

© Cengage Learning 2015.

5

2. 17 + 12 = 29 units

12 units NPH

70 80 90 100

1

UNITS

mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

1. 37 units

18 units Regular 8 units NPH

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7. 23 + 14 = 37 units

25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 1mL

8. 8 + 20 = 28 units

10

20

10

20

30

15

30

40

20

40

50

25

50

60

30

60

70 80 90 100 UNITS

35 40 45 1

50

mL

UNITS

/2

108

9. 24 units

5

10

© Cengage Learning 2015.

15

© Cengage Learning 2015.

5

Measuring Insulin Dosages

70 80 90 100

1

UNITS

mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 11

8 units Regular 20 units NPH

24 units Regular

10. 57 units

11. 22 units

12. 14 + 44 = 58 units

25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 1mL

5

10

20

10

20

30

15

30

40

20

40

50

25

50

60

30

60

10

70 80 90 100 UNITS

57 units NPH

35 40 45 1

50

mL

UNITS

/2

© Cengage Learning 2015.

15

© Cengage Learning 2015.

5

22 units Regular

70 80 90 100

1

UNITS

mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

23 units Regular 14 units NPH

14 units Regular 44 units NPH

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13. 24 + 27 = 51 units

25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 1mL

10

20

10

20

30

15

30

40

20

40

50

25

50

60

30

60

70 80 90 100 UNITS

24 units Regular 27 units NPH 16. 67 units 17. 43 units 18. 54 units 19. 73 units 20. 32 units 21. 60 units 22. 52 units 23. 8 units

35 40 45 1

50

mL

UNITS

/2

33 units Regular 10 units NPH

109

15. 56 units

5

© Cengage Learning 2015.

15

14. 33 + 10 = 43 units

10

© Cengage Learning 2015.

5

Measuring Insulin Dosages

70 80 90 100

1

UNITS

mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

Chapter 11

56 units Regular

24. 76 units 25. 92 units 26. 14 units 27. 58 units 28. 85 units 29. 43 units 30. 82 units

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Chapter 12

Ratio and Proportion

Problems 12.1 (page 165) 1. 100 mg in 1.5 mL Common fraction:

100 mg 1.5 mL

Separated by a colon:

100 mg : 1.5 mL

2. 250 mg in 0.7 mL

Common fraction:

250 mg 0.7 mL

Separated by a colon:

250 mg : 0.7 mL

3. 0.4 mg in 1 tablet

Common fraction:

0.4 mg 1 tab

Separated by a colon:

0.4 mg : 1 tab

4. 450 mg in 2 tablets Common fraction:

450 mg 2 tab

Separated by a colon:

450 mg : 2 tab

Problems 12.2 (page 167)

1.

34 mg 51 mg = 2 mL 3 mL 34 mg 51 mg = 2 mL 3 mL 34 × 3 = 2 × 51 102 = 102 Yes, this proportion is true.

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2.

Ratio and Proportion

15 mg 45 mg = 4 mL 12 mL

15 mg 45 mg = 4 mL 12 mL 15 × 12 = 45 × 4 180 = 180 Yes, this proportion is true.

3.

46 mg 23 mg = 1.3 mL 0.65 mL 46 mg 23 mg = 1.3 mL 0.65 mL 1.3 × 23 = 46 × 0.65 29.9 = 29.9 Yes, this proportion is true.

4.

150 units 130 units = 2.3mL 1.9 mL 150 units 130 units = 2.3 mL 1.9 mL 2.3 × 130 = 150 × 1.9 299 ≠ 285 No, this proportion is false.

5.

40 mg 80 mg = 1.1 mL 2.2 mL 40 mg 80 mg = 1.1 mL 2.2 mL 40 × 2.2 = 1.1 × 80 88 = 88 Yes, this proportion is true.

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Problems 12.3 (page 170)

1. Dosage ordered: 24 mg Dosage available: 12.5 mg/1.5 mL 12.5 mg 24 mg = 1.5 mL X mL 12.5X = 36 36 X = 12.5 X = 2.88 = 2.9 mL 2. Dosage ordered: 30 mg Dosage available: 40 mg/2.5 mL 40 mg 30 mg = 2.5 mL X mL 40X = 75 75 X = 40 X = 1.875 = 1.9 mL 3. Dosage ordered: 0.3 mg Dosage available: 0.6 mg/0.8 mL 0.6 mg 0.3 mg = X mL 0.8 mL 0.6X = 0.24 0.24 X = 0.6 X = 0.4 mL

4. Dosage ordered: 24 mg Dosage available: 36 mg/2 mL 36 mg 24 mg = 2 mL X mL 36X = 48 48 X = 36 X = 1.33 = 1.3 mL

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5. Dosage ordered: 52 mg Dosage available: 78 mg/0.9 mL 78 mg 52 mg = 0.9 mL X mL 78X = 46.8 46.8 X = 78 X = 0.6 mL 6. Dosage ordered: 150 mg Dosage available: 100 mg/1 mL 100 mg 150 mg = 1 mL X mL 100X = 150 150 X = 100 X = 1.5 mL 7. Dosage ordered: 600 mcg Dosage available: 750 mcg/3 mL 750 mcg 600 mcg = 3 mL X mL 750X = 1800 1800 X = 750 X = 2.4 mL 8. Dosage ordered: 4 g Dosage available: 1.5 g/1 mL 1.5 g 4g = 1 mL X mL 1.5X = 4 4 X = 1.5 X = 2.67 = 2.7 mL 9. Dosage ordered: 0.25 mg Dosage available: 0.5 mg/1 mL 0.5 mg 0.25 mg = 1 mL X mL 0.5X = 0.25 0.25 X = 0.5 X = 0.5 mL Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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10. Dosage ordered: 3 g Dosage available: 4 g/2.7 mL 4g 3g = 2.7 mL X mL 4X = 8.1 8.1 X = 4 X = 2.025 = 2.0 = 2 mL

Problems 12.4 (page 172)

1.

34 mg : 2 mL = 51 mg : 3 mL q 34 mg : 2q mL = 51 mg : 3 mL 34 × 3 = 2 × 51 102 = 102 Yes, this proportion is true.

2. 15 mg : 4 mL = 45 mg : 12 mL q 15 mg : 4q mL = 45 mg : 12 mL 5 × 12 = 4 × 45 180 = 180 Yes, this proportion is true.

3.

46 mg: 1.3 mL = 23 mg : 0.65 mL q q 46 mg : 1.3 mL = 23 mg : 0.65 mL 46 × 0.65 = 1.3 × 23 29.9 = 29.9 Yes, this proportion is true.

4. 150 units : 2.3 mL = 130 units: 1.9 mL q q 150 units : 2.3 mL = 130 units : 1.9 mL 150 × 1.9 = 2.3 × 130 299 ≠ 285

No, this proportion is false.

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5. 40 mg : 1.1 mL = 80 mg : 2.2 mL q q 40 mg : 1.1 mL = 80 mg : 2.2 mL 40 × 2.2 = 1.1 × 80 88 = 88 Yes, this proportion is true.

Problems 12.5 (page 176)

1. Dosage ordered: 24 mg Dosage available: 12.5 mg/1.5 mL 12.5 mg : 1.5 mL = 24 mg : X mL 12.5 : 1.5 = 24 : X 12.5X = 1.5 × 24 1.5 × 24 X = 12.5 X = 2.88 = 2.9 mL

2. Dosage ordered: 30 mg Dosage available: 40 mg/2.5 mL

40 mg : 2.5 mL = 30 mg : X mL 40 : 2.5 = 30 : X 40X = 2.5 × 30 2.5 × 30 X = 40 X = 1.875 = 1.9 mL 3. Dosage ordered: 0.3 mg Dosage available: 0.6 mg/0.8 mL 0.6 mg : 0.8 mL = 0.3 mg : X mL 0.6 : 0.8 = 0.3 : X 0.6X = 0.8 × 0.3 0.8 × 0.3 X = 0.6 X = 0.4 mL

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4. Dosage ordered: 24 mg Dosage available: 36 mg /2 mL 36 mg : 2 mL = 24 mg : X mL 36 : 2 = 24 : X 36X = 2 × 24 2 × 24 X = 36 X = 1.33 = 1.3 mL 5. Dosage ordered: 52 mg Dosage available: 78 mg/0.9 mL 78 mg : 0.9 mL = 52 mg : X mL 78 : 0.9 = 52 : X 78X = 0.9 × 52 0.9 × 52 X = 78 X = 0.6 mL 6. Dosage ordered: 150 mg Dosage available: 100 mg/1 mL 100 mg : 1 mL = 150 mg : X mL 100 : 1 = 150 : X 100X = 1 × 150 1 × 150 X = 100 X = 1.5 mL 7. Dosage ordered: 600 mcg Dosage available: 750 mcg/3 mL 750 mcg : 3 mL = 600 mcg : X mL 750 : 3 = 600 : X 750X = 3 × 600 3 × 600 X = 750 X = 2.4 mL

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8. Dosage ordered: 4 g Dosage available: 1.5 g/1 mL 1.5 g : 1 mL = 4 g : X mL 1.5 : 1 = 4 : X 1 .5X = 1 × 4 1× 4 X = 1.5 X = 2.66 = 2.7 mL 9. Dosage ordered: 0.25 mg Dosage available: 0.5 mg/1 mL 0.5 mg : 1 mL = 0.25 mg : X mL 0.5 : 1 = 0.25 : X 0.5X = 1 × 0.25 1 × 0.25 X = 0.5 X = 0.5 mL

10. Dosage ordered: 3 g Dosage available: 4 g/2.7 mL 4 g : 2.7 mL = 3 g : X mL 4 : 2.7 = 3 : X 4X = 2.7 × 3 2.7 × 3 X = 4 X = 2.025 = 2.0 = 2 mL Problems 12.6 (page 178) 1. Dosage ordered: 0.4 mg Dosage available: 1000 mcg/2 mL

Convert 0.4 mg to mcg.

0.4 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 400 mcg

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1000 mcg 400 mcg = 2 mL X mL 1000X = 2 × 400 2 × 400 X = 1000 X = 0.8 mL

or

Ratio and Proportion

1000 mcg : 2 mL = 400 mcg : X mL 1000X = 2 × 400 2 × 400 X = 1000 X = 0.8 mL

2. Dosage ordered: 275 mg Dosage available: 0.5 g/2 mL Convert 0.5 g to mg.

0.5 g × 1000 mg/g = 500 mg

500 mg 275 mg = 2 mL X mL 500X = 2 × 275 2 × 275 X = 500 X = 1.1 mL

or

500 mg : 2 mL = 275 mg : X mL 500X = 2 × 275 2 × 275 X = 500 X = 1.1 mL

3. Dosage ordered: 0.15 mg Dosage available: 0.2 mg/1.5 mL 0.2 mg 0.15 mg = or 0.2 mg : 1.5 mL = 0.15 mg : X mL 1.5 mL X mL 0.2X = 1.5 × 0.15 0.2X = 1.5 × 0.15 1.5 × 0.15 1.5 × 0.15 X = X = 0.2 0.2 X = 1.125 = 1.1 mL X = 1.125 = 1.1 mL 4. Dosage ordered: 600 mg Dosage available: 1 g/3.6 mL Convert 1 g to mg.

1 g × 1000 mg/g = 1000 mg 1000 mg 600 mg = or 1000 mg : 3.6 mL = 600 mg : X mL 3.6 mL X mL 1000X = 3.6 × 600 1000X = 3.6 × 600 3.6 × 600 3.6 × 600 X = X = 1000 1000 X = 2.16 = 2.2 mL X = 2.16 = 2.2 mL Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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5. Dosage ordered: 10,000 units Dosage available: 8000 units/1 mL 8000 units 10, 000 units = 1 mL X mL 8000X = 1 × 10,000 1 × 10,000 X = 8000 X = 1.25 = 1.3 mL

or

8000 units : 1 mL = 10,000 units : X mL 8000X = 1 × 10,000 1 × 10,000 X = 8000 X = 1.25 = 1.3 mL

6. Dosage ordered: 15 mEq Dosage available: 20 mEq/20 mL 20 mEq 15 mEq = 20 mL X mL 20X = 20 × 15 20 × 15 X = 20 X = 15 mL

or 20 mEq : 20 mL = 15 mEq : X mL 20X = 20 × 15 20 × 15 X = 20 X = 15 mL

7. Dosage ordered: 200,000 units Dosage available: 150,000 units/2 mL 150, 000 units 200, 000 units = 2 mL X mL 150,000X = 2 × 200,000 2 × 200,000 X = 150, 000 X = 2.67 = 2.7 mL

or

150,000 units : 2 mL = 200,000 units : X mL 150,000X = 2 × 200,000 2 × 200,000 X = 150, 000 X = 2.67 = 2.7 mL

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Chapter 12 Summary Self-Test (page 179)

1. Dosage ordered: 800 mcg Dosage available: 1 mg/1 mL Convert 800 mcg to mg.

800 mcg ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 0.8 mg

© Cengage Learning 2015.

1 mg 0.8 mg = 1 mL X mL 1 X = 1 × 0.8 1 × 0.8 X = 1 X = 0.8 mL

or

1 mg : 1 mL = 0.8 mg : X mL 1 X = 1 × 0.8 1 × 0.8 X = 1 X = 0.8 mL

2. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage available: 10 mg/1 mL 10 mg 15 mg = 1 mL X mL 10X = 1 × 15 1 × 15 X= 10 X = 1.5 mL

or

10 mg : 1 mL = 15 mg : X mL 10X = 1 × 15 1 × 15 X= 10 X = 1.5 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

3. Dosage ordered: 70 mg Dosage available: 50 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

50 mg 70 mg = 1 mL X mL 50 X = 1 × 70 1 × 70 X = 50 X = 1.4 mL

or 50 mg : 1 mL = 70 mg : X mL 50 X = 1 × 70 1 × 70 X = 50 X = 1.4 mL

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4. Dosage ordered: 0.15 mg Dosage available: 50 mcg/1 mL Convert 0.15 mg to mcg.

0.15 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 150 mcg 50 mcg 150 mcg = 1 mL X mL 50X = 1 × 150 1 × 150 X = 50 X = 3 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

or

50 mcg : 1 mL = 150 mcg : X mL 50X = 1 × 150 1 × 150 X = 50 X = 3 mL

5. Dosage ordered: 350 mcg Dosage available: 0.4 mg/1 mL Convert 0.4 mg to mcg.

0.4 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 400 mcg © Cengage Learning 2015.

400 mcg 350 mcg = or 1 mL X mL 400X = 1 × 350 1 × 350 X = 400 X = 0.875 = 0.9 mL

400 mcg : 1 mL = 350 mcg : X mL 400X = 1 × 350 1 × 350 X = 400 X = 0.875 = 0.9 mL

6. Dosage ordered: 225 mg Dosage available: 150 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

150 mg 225 mg = X mL 1 mL 150X = 1 × 225 1 × 225 150 X = 1.5 mL X=

or 150 mg : 1 mL = 225 mg : X mL 150X = 1 × 225 1 × 225 150 X = 1.5 mL X=

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7. Dosage ordered: 75 mcg Dosage available: 0.2 mg/1 mL Convert 0.2 mg to mcg.

0.2 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 200 mcg © Cengage Learning 2015.

200 mcg 75 mcg = or 200 mcg : 1 mL = 75 mg : X mL 1 mL X mL 200X = 1 × 75 200X = 1 × 75 1 × 75 1 × 75 X = X = 200 200 X = 0.375 = 0.38 mL X = 0.375 = 0.38 mL 8. Dosage ordered: 4 mg Dosage available: 25 mg/5 mL 25 mg 4 mg = X mL 5 mL 25X = 5 × 4

or 25 mg : 5 mL = 4 mg : X mL 25X = 5 × 4

5×4 25 X = 0.8 mL

5×4 25 X = 0.8 mL

X =

X =

© Cengage Learning 2015.

9. Dosage ordered: 3 mg Dosage available: 5 mg/2 mL 5 mg 3 mg = X mL 2 mL 5X = 2 × 3 2×3 X = 5 X = 1.2 mL

or 5 mg : 2 mL = 3 mg : X mL 5X = 2 × 3 2 ×3 X = 5 X = 1.2 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

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Ratio and Proportion

10. Dosage ordered: 800 mcg Dosage available: 1000 mcg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

1000 mcg 800 mcg = X mL 1 mL 1000X = 1 × 800 1 × 800 X = 1000 X = 0.8 mL

or

1000 mcg : 1 mL = 800 mcg : X mL 1000X = 1 × 800 1 × 800 X = 1000 X = 0.8 mL

11. Dosage ordered: 16 mEq Dosage available: 2 mEq/1 mL 2 mEq 16 mEq = or 2 mEq : 1 mL = 16 mEq : X mL 1 mL X mL 2X = 1 × 16 2X = 1 × 16 1 × 16 2 X = 8 mL

1 × 16 2 X = 8 mL

X=

X=

© Cengage Learning 2015.

12. Dosage ordered: 0.93 mEq Dosage available: 0.465 mEq/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

0.465 mEq 0.93 mEq = 1 mL X mL 0.465X = 1 × 0.93 1 × 0.93 X = 0.465 X = 2 mL

or

0.465 mEq : 1 mL = 0.93 mEq : X mL 0.465X = 1 × 0.93 1 × 0.93 X = 0.465 X = 2 mL

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13. Dosage ordered: 1.5 mg Dosage available: 1 mg/1 mL 1 mg 1.5 mg = 1 mL X mL 1X = 1 × 1.5

or 1 mg : 1 mL = 1.5 mg : X mL 1X = 1 × 1.5

1 × 1.5 1 X = 1.5 mL

1 × 1.5 1 X = 1.5 mL

X=

X=

© Cengage Learning 2015.

14. Dosage ordered: 450 units Dosage available: 1000 units/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

1000 units 450 units = 1 mL X mL 1000X = 1 × 450 1 × 450 X = 1000 X = 0.45 mL

or

1000 units : 1 mL = 450 units : X mL 1000X = 1 × 450 1 × 450 X = 1000 X = 0.45 mL

15. Dosage ordered: 4 mg Dosage available: 5 mg/2 mL 5 mg 4 mg = or 5 mg : 2 mL = 4 mg : X mL 2 mL X mL 5X = 2 × 4 5X = 2 × 4 2 × 4 2× 4 © Cengage Learning 2015.

X = X = 5 5 X = 1.6 mL X = 1.6 mL

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16. Dosage ordered: 0.1 g Dosage available: 250 mg/5 mL Convert 0.1 g to mg.

0.1 g × 1000 mg/g = 100 mg 250 mg 100 mg = or 250 mg : 5 mL = 100 mg : X mL 5 mL X mL 250X = 5 × 100 250X = 5 × 100 5 × 100 250 X = 2 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

5 × 100 250 X = 2 mL

X=

X=

17. Dosage ordered: 0.9 g Dosage available: 400 mg/1 mL Convert 0.9 g to mg.

0.9 g × 1000 mg/g = 900 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

400 mg 900 mg = or 1 mL X mL 400X = 1 × 900 1 × 900 X = 400 X = 2.25 = 2.3 mL

400 mg : 1 mL = 900 mg : X mL 400X = 1 × 900 1 × 900 X = 400 X = 2.25 = 2.3 mL

18. Dosage ordered: 7 mg Dosage available: 40 mg/10 mL 40 mg 7 mg = X mL 10 mL 40X = 10 × 7

or 40 mg : 10 mL = 7 mg : X mL

10 × 7 40 X = 1.75 = 1.8 mL X =

40X = 10 × 7 10 × 7 © Cengage Learning 2015.

40 X = 1.75 = 1.8 mL

X =

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19. Dosage ordered: 120 mg Dosage available: 50 mg/1 mL 50 mg 120 mg = or 50 mg : 1 mL = 120 mg : X mL X mL 1 mL 50X = 1 × 120 50X = 1 × 120 1 × 120 50 X = 2.4 mL X=

1 × 120 50 X = 2.4 mL

X=

© Cengage Learning 2015.

20. Dosage ordered: 60 mEq Dosage available: 4 mEq/1 mL 4 mEq 60 mEq = or 4 mEq : 1 mL = 60 mEq : X mL 1 mL X mL 4X = 1 × 60 4X = 1 × 60 1 × 60 4 X = 15 mL X=

1 × 60 4 X = 15 mL X=

© Cengage Learning 2015.

21. Dosage ordered: 150 mcg Dosage available: 0.1 mg/1 mL Convert 0.1 mg to mcg.

0.1 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 100 mcg

© Cengage Learning 2015.

100 mcg 150 mcg = or 100 mcg : 1 mL = 150 mcg : X mL 1 mL X mL 100X = 1 × 150 100X = 1 × 150 1 × 150 1 × 150 X = X = 100 100 X = 1.5 mL X = 1.5 mL

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22. Dosage ordered: 75 mg Dosage available: 100 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

100 mg 75 mg = or 1 mL X mL 100X = 1 × 75 1 × 75 X = 100 X = 0.75 = 0.8 mL

100 mg : 1 mL = 75 mg : X mL 100X = 1 × 75 1 × 75 X = 100 X = 0.75 = 0.8 mL

23. Dosage ordered: 80 mcg Dosage available: 250 mcg/5 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

250 mcg 80 mcg = X mL 5 mL 250X = 5 × 80 5 × 80 X = 250 X = 1.6 mL

or

250 mcg : 5 mL = 80 mcg : X mL 250X = 5 × 80 5 × 80 X = 250 X = 1.6 mL

24. Dosage ordered: 10 mg Dosage available: 6 mg/1 mL 6 mg 10 mg = or 6 mg : 1 mL = 10 mg : X mL 1 mL X mL 6X = 1 × 10 6X = 1 × 10 1 × 10 1 × 10 X = X = 6 6 X = 1.66 = 1.7 mL X = 1.66 = 1.7 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

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25. Dosage ordered: 20 mg Dosage available: 15 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

15 mg 20 mg = or 1 mL X mL 15X = 1 × 20 1 × 20 X = 15 X = 1.33 = 1.3 mL

15 mg : 1 mL = 20 mg : X mL 15X = 1 × 20 1 × 20 X = 15 X = 1.33 = 1.3 mL

26. Dosage ordered: 6 mg Dosage available: 40 mg/10 mL 40 mg 6 mg = 10 mL X mL 40X = 10 × 6 10 × 6 40 X = 1.5 mL X=

or 40 mg : 10 mL = 6 mg : X mL 40X = 10 × 6 10 × 6 40 X = 1.5 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

X=

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27. Dosage ordered: 0.15 g Dosage available: 250 mg/5 mL Convert 0.15 g to mg.

0.15 g × 1000 mg/g = 150 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

250 mg 150 mg = 5 mL X mL 250X = 5 × 150 5 × 150 X = 250 X = 3 mL

or

250 mg : 5 mL = 150 mg : X mL 250X = 5 × 150 5 × 150 X = 250 X = 3 mL

28. Dosage ordered: 16 mg Dosage available: 2 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

2 mg 16 mg = 1 mL X mL 2X = 1 × 16

or

2 mg : 1 mL = 16 mg : X mL

1 × 16 2 X = 8 mL

X =

2X = 1 × 16 1 × 16 2 X = 8 mL

X =

29. Dosage ordered: 30 mg Dosage available: 25 mg/1 mL 25 mg 30 mg = or 25 mg : 1 mL = 30 mg : X mL X mL 1 mL 25X = 1 × 30 25X = 1 × 30 1 × 30 1 × 30 X = X = 25 25 X = 1.2 mL X = 1.2 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

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30. Dosage ordered: 40 mg Dosage available: 25 mg/1 mL 25 mg 40 mg = X mL 1 mL 25X = 1 × 40 1 × 40 X= 25 X = 1.6 mL

or 25 mg : 1 mL = 40 mg : X mL 25X = 1 × 40 1 × 40 X= 25 X = 1.6 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

31. Dosage ordered: 3 mg Dosage available: 5 mg/1 mL 5 mg 3 mg = 1 mL X mL 5X = 1 × 3 1× 3 X = 5 X = 0.6 mL

or

5 mg : 1 mL = 3 mg : X mL 5X = 1 × 3 1× 3 X = 5 X = 0.6 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

32. Dosage ordered: 3 mg Dosage available: 2 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

2 mg 3 mg = X mL 1 mL 2X = 1 × 3 1× 3 2 X = 1.5 mL X =

or

2 mg : 1 mL = 3 mg : X mL 2X = 1 × 3 1× 3 2 X = 1.5 mL

X =

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33. Dosage ordered: 5 mg Dosage available: 4 mg/1 mL

4 mg 5 mg = X mL 1 mL 4X = 1 × 5

© Cengage Learning 2015.

or

4 mg : 1 mL = 5 mg : X mL 4X = 1 × 5

1× 5 4 X = 1.25 = 1.3 mL

1 ×5 4 X = 1.25 = 1.3 mL

X =

X =

34. Dosage ordered: 40 mg Dosage available: 25 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

25 mg 40 mg = 1 mL X mL 25X = 1 × 40 1 × 40 X = 25 X = 1.6 mL

or

25 mg : 1 mL = 40 mg : X mL 25X = 1 × 40 1 × 40 X = 25 X = 1.6 mL

35. Dosage ordered: 20 mg Dosage available: 15 mg/1 mL

15 mg 20 mg = or 1 mL X mL 15X = 1 × 20 1 × 20 X = 15 X = 1.33 = 1.3 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

15 mg : 1 mL = 20 mg : X mL 15X = 1 × 20 1 × 20 X = 15 X = 1.33 = 1.3 mL

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36. Dosage ordered: 30 mg Dosage available: 20 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

20 mg 30 mg = 1 mL X mL 20X = 1 × 30 1 × 30 X = 20 X = 1.5 mL

or

20 mg : 1 mL = 30 mg : X mL 20X = 1 × 30 1 × 30 X = 20 X = 1.5 mL

37. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage available: 10 mg/1 mL

10 mg 15 mg = 1 mL X mL 10X = 1 × 15 1 × 15 X = 10 X = 1.5 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

or

10 mg : 1 mL = 15 mg : X mL 10X = 1 × 15 1 × 15 X = 10 X = 1.5 mL

38. Dosage ordered: 750 mcg Dosage available: 1000 mcg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

1000 mcg 750 mcg = 1 mL X mL 1000X = 1 × 750 1 × 750 X = 1000 X = 0.75 = 0.8 mL

or

1000 mcg : 1 mL = 750 mcg : X mL 1000X = 1 × 750 1 × 750 X = 1000 X = 0.75 = 0.8 mL

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39. Dosage ordered: 0.4 g Dosage available: 25 mg/1 mL Convert 0.4 g to mg.

0.4 g × 1000 mg/g = 400 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

25 mg 400 mg = X mL 1 mL 25X = 1 × 400 1 × 400 X = 25 X = 16 mL

or

25 mg : 1 mL = 400 mg : X mL 25X = 1 × 400 1 × 400 X = 25 X = 16 mL

40. Dosage ordered: 125 mg Dosage available: 250 mg/5 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

250 mg 125 mg = 5 mL X mL 250X = 5 × 125 5 × 125 X = 250 X = 2.5 mL

or

250 mg : 5 mL = 125 mg : X mL 250X = 5 × 125 5 × 125 X = 250 X = 2.5 mL

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41. Dosage ordered: 25 mg Dosage available: 15 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

15 mg 25 mg = or 1 mL X mL 15X = 1 × 25 1 × 25 X = 15 X = 1.67 = 1.7 mL

15 mg : 1 mL = 25 mg : X mL 15X = 1 × 25 1 × 25 X = 15 X = 1.67 = 1.7 mL

42. Dosage ordered: 50 mg Dosage available: 25 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

25 mg 50 mg = 1 mL X mL 25X = 1 × 50 1 × 50 X = 25 X = 2 mL

or

25 mg : 1 mL = 50 mg : X mL 25X = 1 × 50 1 × 50 X = 25 X = 2 mL

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43. Dosage ordered: 10 mg Dosage available: 40 mg/10 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

40 mg 10 mg = 10 mL X mL 40X = 10 × 10 10 × 10 X = 40 X = 2.5 mL

or

40 mg : 10 mL = 10 mg : X mL 40X = 10 × 10 10 × 10 X = 40 X = 2.5 mL

44. Dosage ordered: 180 mcg Dosage available: 0.2 mg/1 mL Convert 0.2 mg to mcg.

0.2 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 200 mcg © Cengage Learning 2015.

200 mcg 180 mcg = 1 mL X mL 200X = 1 × 180 1 × 180 X = 200 X = 0.9 mL

or

200 mcg : 1 mL = 180 mcg : X mL 200X = 1 × 180 1 × 180 X = 200 X = 0.9 mL

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45. Dosage ordered: 70 mg Dosage available: 50 mg/1 mL

50 mg 70 mg = 1 mL X mL 50X = 1 × 70 1 × 70 X = 50 X = 1.4 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

or

50 mg : 1 mL = 70 mg : X mL 50X = 1 × 70 1 × 70 X = 50 X = 1.4 mL

46. Dosage ordered: 400,000 units Dosage available: 1,200,000 units/2 mL

1, 200, 000 units 400, 000 units = 2 mL X mL 1,200,000X = 2 × 400,000 2 × 400,000 X = 1, 200, 000 X = 0.67 = 0.7 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

or

1,200,000 units : 2 mL = 400,000 units : X mL 1,200,000X = 2 × 400,000 2 × 400,000 X = 1, 200, 000 X = 0.67 = 0.7 mL

47. Dosage ordered: 1500 units Dosage available: 5000 units/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

5000 units 1500 units = 1 mL X mL 5000X = 1 × 1500 1 × 1500 X = 5000 X = 0.3 mL

or

5000 units : 1 mL = 1500 units : X mL 5000X = 1 × 1500 1 × 1500 X = 5000 X = 0.3 mL

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48. Dosage ordered: 20 mEq Dosage available: 2 mEq/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

2 mEq 20 mEq = X mL 1 mL 2X = 1 × 20

2 mEq : 1 mL = 20 mEq : X mL

or

2X = 1 × 20

1 × 20 2 X = 10 mL

1 × 20 2 X = 10 mL

X =

X =

49. Dosage ordered: 4.5 mg Dosage available: 2.5 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

2.5 mg 4.5 mg = 1 mL X mL 2.5X = 1 × 4.5 1 × 4.5 X = 2.5 X = 1.8 mL

or

2.5 mg : 1 mL = 4.5 mg : X mL 2.5X = 1 × 4.5 1 × 4.5 X = 2.5 X = 1.8 mL

50. Dosage ordered: 1.4 mg Dosage available: 1 mg/1 mL

1 mg 1.4 mg = 1 mL X mL 1X = 1 × 1.4 1 × 1.4 X = 1 X = 1.4 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

or

1 mg : 1 mL = 1.4 mg : X mL 1X = 1 × 1.4 1 × 1.4 X = 1 X = 1.4 mL

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51. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage available: 20 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

20 mg 15 mg = or X mL 1 mL 20X = 1 × 15 1 × 15 X = 20 X = 0.75 = 0.8 mL

20 mg : 1 mL = 15 mg : X mL 20X = 1 × 15 1 × 15 X = 20 X = 0.75 = 0.8 mL

52. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage available: 10 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

10 mg 15 mg = 1 mL X mL 10X = 1 × 15 1 × 15 X = 10 X = 1.5 mL

or

10 mg : 1 mL = 15 mg : X mL 10X = 1 × 15 1 × 15 X = 10 X = 1.5 mL

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53. Dosage ordered: 6000 mcg.

Dosage available: 4 mg/1 mL Convert 4 mg to mcg.

4 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 4000 mcg © Cengage Learning 2015.

4000 mcg 6000 mcg = 1 mL X mL 4000X = 1 × 6000 1 × 6000 X = 4000 X = 1.5 mL

or

4000 mcg : 1 mL = 6000 mcg : X mL 4000X = 1 × 6000 1 × 6000 X = 4000 X = 1.5 mL

54. Dosage ordered: 75 mg Dosage available: 250 mg/5 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

250 mg 75 mg = X mL 5 mL 250X = 5 × 75 5 × 75 X = 250 X = 1.5 mL

or

250 mg : 5 mL = 75 mg : X mL 250X = 5 × 75 5 × 75 X = 250 X = 1.5 mL

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Ratio and Proportion

55. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage available: 20 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

20 mg 15 mg = or 1 mL X mL 20X = 1 × 15 1 × 15 X = 20 X = 0.75 = 0.8 mL

20 mg : 1 mL = 15 mg : X mL 20X = 1 × 15 1 × 15 X = 20 X = 0.75 = 0.8 mL

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141

Problems 13.1 (page 199) 1. Dosage ordered: 0.3 g Dosage available: 0.4 g/1.5 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 0.4 g in 1.5 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 0.4 g becomes the denominator. mL =

1.5 mL 0.4 g

Match the g denominator in the next numerator with the 0.3 g ordered to complete the equation. mL =

1.5 mL 0.3 g × 0.4 g

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator g units to double-check that the entries are correct.

Only the mL being calculated remains.

mL =

0.3 g 1.5 mL × 0.4 g

Do the math.

mL =

0.3 g 1.5 mL = 1.125 = 1.1 mL × 0.4 g

2. Dosage ordered: 0.5 mg Dosage available: 0.8 mg/2 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 0.8 mg in 2 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 0.8 mg becomes the denominator. mL =

2 mL 0.8 mg

Match the mg denominator in the next numerator with the 0.5 mg ordered to complete the equation. mL =

2 mL 0.5 mg × 0.8 mg

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Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator mg units to double-check that the entries are correct.

Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

0.5 mg 2 mL × 0.8 mg

Do the math. mL =

0.5 mg 2 mL = 1.25 = 1.3 mL × 0.8 mg

3. Dosage ordered: 1.8 mg Dosage available: 2 mg/3 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 2 mg in 3 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 2 mg becomes the denominator. mL =

3 mL 2 mg

Match the mg denominator in the next numerator with the 1.8 mg ordered to complete the equation. mL =

3 mL 1.8 mg × 2 mg

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator mg units to double-check that the entries are correct.

Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

1.8 mg 3 mL × 2 mg

Do the math. mL =

1.8 mg 3 mL = 2.7 mL × 2 mg

4. Dosage ordered: 1500 mg Dosage available: 1200 mg/1 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 1200 mg in 1 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 1200 mg becomes the denominator.

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mL =

Dimensional Analysis/Units Conversion

143

1 mL 1200 mg

Match the mg denominator in the next numerator with the 1500 mg ordered to complete the equation. mL =

1 mL 1500 mg × 1200 mg

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator mg units to double-check that the entries are correct.

Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

1500 mg 1 mL × 1200 mg

Do the math. mL =

1500 mg 1 mL = 1.25 = 1.3 mL × 1200 mg

5. Dosage ordered: 0.15 mg Dosage available: 0.2 mg/1.5 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 0.2 mg in 1.5 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 0.2 mg becomes the denominator. mL =

1.5 mL 0.2 mg

Match the mg denominator in the next numerator with the 0.15 mg ordered to complete the equation. mL =

1.5 mL 0.15 mg × 0.2 mg

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator mg units to double-check that the entries are correct.

Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

0.15 mg 1.5 mL × 0.2 mg

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Do the math. mL =

0.15 mg 1.5 mL = 1.125 = 1.1 mL × 0.2 mg

6. Dosage ordered: 600 mg Dosage available: 1000 mg/3.6 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 1000 mg in 3.6 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 1000 mg becomes the denominator. mL =

3.6 mL 1000 mg

Match the mg denominator in the next numerator with the 600 mg ordered to complete the equation. mL =

3.6 mL 600 mg × 1000 mg

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator mg units to double-check that the entries are correct.

Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

600 mg 3.6 mL × 1000 mg

Do the math. mL =

600 mg 3.6 mL = 2.16 = 2.2 mL × 1000 mg

7. Dosage ordered: 10,000 units Dosage available: 8000 units/1 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 8000 units in 1 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 8000 units becomes the denominator. mL =

1 mL 8000 units

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Match the units in the denominator in the next numerator with the 10,000 units ordered to complete the equation. mL =

1 mL 10,000 units × 8000 units

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator units to double-check that the entries are correct. Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

1 mL 10,000 units × 8000 units

Do the math. mL =

1 mL 10, 000 units = 1.25 = 1.3 mL × 8000 units

8. Dosage ordered: 15 mEq Dosage available: 20 mEq/20 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 20 mEq in 20 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 20 mEq becomes the denominator. mL =

20 mL 20 mEq

Match the mEq in the denominator in the next numerator with the 15 mEq ordered to complete the equation. mL =

20 mL 15 mEq × 20 mEq

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator mEq units to double-check that the entries are correct.

Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

15 mEq 20 mL × 20 mEq

Do the math. mL =

15 mEq 20 mL × = 15 mL 20 mEq

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9. Dosage ordered: 200,000 units Dosage available: 150,000 units/2 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 150,000 units in 2 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 150,000 units becomes the denominator. mL =

2 mL 150, 000 units

Match the units in the denominator in the next numerator with the 200,000 units ordered to complete the equation. mL =

2 mL 200,000 units × 150,000 units

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator units to double-check that the entries are correct. Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

2 mL 200, 000 units × 150, 000 units

Do the math. mL =

2 mL 200, 000 units = 2.67 = 2.7 mL × 150, 000 units

10. Dosage ordered: 400 mg Dosage available: 500 mg/20 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 500 mg in 20 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 500 mg becomes the denominator. mL =

20 mL 500 mg

Match the mg denominator in the next numerator with the 400 mg ordered to complete the equation. mL =

20 mL 400 mg × 500 mg

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Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator mg units to double-check that the entries are correct.

Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

400 mg 20 mL × 500 mg

Do the math. mL =

400 mg 20 mL × = 16 mL 500 mg

Problems 13.2 (page 203)

1. Dosage ordered: 0.1 g Dosage available: 200 mg/1 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 200 mg in 1 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 200 mg becomes the denominator. mL =

1 mL 200 mg

The dosage ordered is in g, so a conversion ratio between g and mg is needed: 1 g = 1000 mg.

Enter the 1000 mg as the numerator to match the mg of the previous denominator; 1 g becomes the new denominator. mL =

1 mL 1000 mg × 200 mg 1g

Next, match the g denominator in the next numerator with the 0.1 g ordered to complete the equation. mL =

1 mL 1000 mg 0.1 g × × 200 mg 1g

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator units to double-check that the entries are correct. Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

1000 mg 0.1 g 1 mL × × 1 g 200 mg

Do the math.

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148

1000 mg 0.1 g 1 mL × × = 0.5 mL 200 mg 1 g

2. Dosage ordered: 130 mg Dosage available: 0.1 g/2 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 0.1 g in 2 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 0.1 g becomes the denominator. mL =

2 mL 0.1 g

The dosage ordered is in mg, so a conversion ratio between mg and g is needed: 1 g = 1000 mg.

Enter the 1 g as the numerator to match the g of the previous denominator; 1000 mg becomes the new denominator. mL =

2 mL 1g × 0.1 g 1000 mg

Next, match the mg denominator in the next numerator with the 130 mg ordered to complete the equation. mL =

2 mL 1g 130 mg × × 0.1 g 1000 mg

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator units to double-check that the entries are correct. Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

1 g 130 mg 2 mL × × 1000 mg 0.1 g

Do the math. mL =

1 g 130 mg 2 mL = 2.6 mL × × 1000 mg 0.1 g

3. Dosage ordered: 0.6 g Dosage available: 500 mg/5 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 500 mg in 5 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 500 mg becomes the denominator.

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mL =

Dimensional Analysis/Units Conversion

149

5 mL 500 mg

The dosage ordered is in g, so a conversion ratio between g and mg is needed: 1 g = 1000 mg.

Enter the 1000 mg as the numerator to match the mg of the previous denominator; 1 g becomes the new denominator. mL =

5 mL 1000 mg × 500 mg 1g

Next, match the g denominator in the next numerator with the 0.6 g ordered to complete the equation. mL =

5 mL 1000 mg 0.6 g × × 500 mg 1g

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator units to double-check that the entries are correct. Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

1000 mg 0.6 g 5 mL × × 1 g 500 mg

Do the math. mL =

1000 mg 0.6 g 5 mL × × = 6 mL 1 g 500 mg

4. Dosage ordered: 0.75 g Dosage available: 250 mg/1 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 250 mg in 1 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 250 mg becomes the denominator. mL =

1 mL 250 mg

The dosage ordered is in g, so a conversion ratio between g and mg is needed: 1 g = 1000 mg.

Enter the 1000 mg as the numerator to match the mg of the previous denominator; 1 g becomes the new denominator. mL =

1 mL 1000 mg × 250 mg 1g

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Next, match the g denominator in the next numerator with the 0.75 g ordered to complete the equation. mL =

1 mL 1000 mg 0.75 g × × 250 mg 1g

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator units to double-check that the entries are correct. Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

1000 mg 0.75 g 1 mL × × 1 g 250 mg

Do the math. mL =

1000 mg 0.75 g 1 mL × × = 3 mL 1 g 250 mg

5. Dosage ordered: 500 mg Dosage available: 1 g/3 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 1 g in 3 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 1 g becomes the denominator. mL =

3 mL 1g

The dosage ordered is in mg, so a conversion ratio between mg and g is needed: 1 g = 1000 mg.

Enter the 1 g as the numerator to match the g of the previous denominator; 1000 mg becomes the new denominator. mL =

3 mL 1g × 1g 1000 mg

Next, match the mg denominator in the next numerator with the 500 mg ordered to complete the equation. mL =

3 mL 1g 500 mg × × 1g 1000 mg

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Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator units to double-check that the entries are correct. Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

1 g 500 mg 3 mL × × 1000 mg 1 g

Do the math.

1 g 500 mg 3 mL = 1.5 mL × × mL = 1000 mg 1 g 6. Dosage ordered: 85 mg Dosage available: 0.1 g/1.5 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 0.1 g in 1.5 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 0.1 g becomes the denominator. mL =

1.5 mL 0.1 g

The dosage ordered is in mg, so a conversion ratio between mg and g is needed: 1 g = 1000 mg.

Enter the 1 g as the numerator to match the g of the previous denominator; 1000 mg becomes the new denominator. mL =

1.5 mL 1g × 0.1 g 1000 mg

Next, match the mg denominator in the next numerator with the 85 mg ordered to complete the equation. mL =

1.5 mL 1g 85 mg × × 0.1 g 1000 mg

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator units to double-check that the entries are correct. Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

1 g 85 mg 1.5 mL × × 1000 mg 0.1 g

Do the math. mL =

1 g 85 mg 1.5 mL × × = 1.275 = 1.3 mL 1000 mg 0.1 g

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7. Dosage ordered: 0.75 mg Dosage available: 500 mcg/1.5 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 500 mcg in 1.5 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 500 mcg becomes the denominator. mL =

1.5 mL 500 mcg

The dosage ordered is in mg, so a conversion ratio between mg and mcg is needed: 1 mg = 1000 mcg. Enter the 1000 mcg as the numerator to match the mcg of the previous denominator; 1 mg becomes the new denominator. mL =

1.5 mL 1000 mcg × 500 mcg 1 mg

Next, match the mg denominator in the next numerator with the 0.75 mg ordered to complete the equation. mL =

1.5 mL 1000 mcg 0.75 mg × × 500 mcg 1 mg

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator units to double-check that the entries are correct. Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

1000 mcg 0.75 mg 1.5 mL × × 1 mg 500 mcg

Do the math. mL =

1000 mcg 0.75 mg 1.5 mL = 2.25 = 2.3 mL × × 1 mg 500 mcg

8. Dosage ordered: 1500 mg Dosage available: 0.5 g/1 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 0.5 g in 1 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 0.5 g becomes the denominator. mL =

1 mL 0.5 g

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153

The dosage ordered is in mg, so a conversion ratio between mg and g is needed: 1 g = 1000 mg.

Enter the 1 g as the numerator to match the g of the previous denominator; 1000 mg becomes the new denominator. mL =

1 mL 1g × 0.5 g 1000 mg

Next, match the mg denominator in the next numerator with the 1500 mg ordered to complete the equation. mL =

1 mL 1g 1500 mg × × 0.5 g 1000 mg

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator units to double-check that the entries are correct. Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

1 g 1500 mg 1 mL × × 1000 mg 0.5 g

Do the math. mL =

1 g 1500 mg 1 mL = 3 mL × × 1000 mg 0.5 g

9. Dosage ordered: 0.5 mg Dosage available: 200 mcg/1 mL Begin by writing the mL unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 200 mcg in 1 mL, with mL as the numerator to match the mL being calculated; 200 mcg becomes the denominator. mL =

1 mL 200 mcg

The dosage ordered is in mg, so a conversion ratio between mg and mcg is needed: 1 mg = 1000 mcg. Enter the 1000 mcg as the numerator to match the mcg of the previous denominator; 1 mg becomes the new denominator. mL =

1 mL 1000 mcg × 200 mcg 1 mg

Next, match the mg denominator in the next numerator with the 0.5 mg ordered to complete the equation.

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154

1 mL 1000 mcg 0.5 mg × × 200 mcg 1 mg

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator units to double-check that the entries are correct. Only the mL being calculated remains. mL =

1000 mcg 0.5 mg 1 mL × × 1 mg 200 mcg

Do the math. mL =

1000 mcg 0.5 mg 1 mL = 2.5 mL × × 1 mg 200 mcg

10. Dosage ordered: 0.2 g Dosage available: 80 mg/1 tablet Begin by writing the tab unit being calculated to the left of the equation, followed by an equal sign.

Enter the starting ratio, 80 mg in 1 tablet, with mL as the numerator to match the tab being calculated; 80 mg becomes the denominator. tab =

1 tab 80 mg

The dosage ordered is in g, so a conversion ratio between g and mg is needed: 1 g = 1000 mg.

Enter the 1000 mg as the numerator to match the mg of the previous denominator; 1 g becomes the new denominator. tab =

1 tab 1000 mg × 80 mg 1g

Next, match the g denominator in the next numerator with the 0.2 g ordered to complete the equation. tab =

1 tab 1000 mg 0.2 g × × 80 mg 1g

Cancel the alternate denominator/numerator units to double-check that the entries are correct. Only the mL being calculated remains.

tab =

1000 mg 0.2 g 1 tab × × 1 g 80 mg

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Chapter 13

Dimensional Analysis/Units Conversion

Do the math. tab =

1000 mg 0.2 g 1 tab × × = 2.5 = 2½ tab 1 g 80 mg

Chapter 13 Summary Self-Test (page 204)

1. Dosage ordered: 800 mcg Dosage available: 1 mg/1 mL

mL =

1 mg 800 mcg 1 mL × × = 0.8 mL 1000 mcg 1 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

2. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage available: 10 mg/1 mL

mL =

15 mg 1 mL × = 1.5 mL 10 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

3. Dosage ordered: 70 mg Dosage available: 50 mg/1 mL

mL =

70 mg 1 mL × = 1.4 mL 50 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

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4. Dosage ordered: 0.15 mg Dosage available: 50 mcg/1 mL

mL =

1000 mcg 0.15 mg 1 mL × × = 3 mL 1 mg 50 mcg

© Cengage Learning 2015.

Dosage ordered: 350 mcg Dosage available: 0.4 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

1 mg 350 mcg 1 mL × × mL = = 0.875 = 0.9 mL 1000 mcg 0.4 mg 6. Dosage ordered: 225 mg Dosage available: 150 mg/1 mL

mL =

225 mg 1 mL × = 1.5 mL 150 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

7. Dosage ordered: 75 mcg Dosage available: 0.2 mg/1 mL

mL =

1 mg

1 mL × × 0.2 mg 1000 mcg

75 mcg

© Cengage Learning 2015.

= 0.375 = 0.38 mL

8. Dosage ordered: 4 mg Dosage available: 25 mg/5 mL mL =

4 mg 5 mL × = 0.8 mL 25 mg

© Cengage Learning 2015.

© Cengage Learning 2015.

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9. Dosage ordered: 3 mg Dosage available: 5 mg/2 mL

mL =

3 mg 2 mL × = 1.2 mL 5 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

10. Dosage ordered: 800 mcg Dosage available: 1000 mcg/1 mL

mL =

800 mcg 1 mL × = 0.8 mL 1000 mcg © Cengage Learning 2015.

11. Dosage ordered: 16 mEq Dosage available: 2 mEq/1 mL

mL =

16 mEq 1 mL = 8 mL × 2 mEq © Cengage Learning 2015.

12. Dosage ordered: 0.93 mEq Dosage available: 0.465 mEq/1 mL mL =

0.93 mEq 1 mL × = 2 mL 0.465 mEq © Cengage Learning 2015.

13. Dosage ordered: 1.5 mg Dosage available: 1 mg/1 mL mL =

1.5 mg 1 mL × = 1.5 mL 1 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

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14. Dosage ordered: 450 units Dosage available: 1000 units/1 mL mL =

1 mL 450 units = 0.45 mL × 1000 units © Cengage Learning 2015.

15. Dosage ordered: 4 mg Dosage available: 5 mg/2 mL mL =

4 mg 2 mL × = 1.6 mL 5 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

16. Dosage ordered: 0.1 g Dosage available: 250 mg/5 mL mL =

1000 mg 0.1 g 5 mL × × = 2 mL 1 g 250 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

17. Dosage ordered: 0.9 g Dosage available: 400 mg/1 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

mL =

1000 mg 0.9 g 1 mL × × = 2.25 = 2.3 mL 1 g 400 mg

18. Dosage ordered: 7 mg Dosage available: 40 mg/10 mL mL =

7 mg 10 mL × = 1.75 = 1.8 mL 40 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

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19. Dosage ordered: 120 mg Dosage available: 50 mg/1 mL mL =

120 mg 1 mL × = 2.4 mL 50 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

20. Dosage ordered: 60 mEq Dosage available: 4 mEq/1 mL mL =

60 mEq 1 mL × = 15 mL 4 mEq © Cengage Learning 2015.

21. Dosage ordered: 150 mcg Dosage available: 0.1 mg/1 mL

mL =

1 mg 150 mcg 1 mL = 1.5 mL × × 0.1 mg 1000 mcg © Cengage Learning 2015.

22. Dosage ordered: 75 mg Dosage available: 100 mg/1 mL mL =

75 mg 1 mL × = 0.75 = 0.8 mL 100 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

23. Dosage ordered: 80 mcg Dosage available: 250 mcg/5 mL mL =

80 mcg 5 mL × = 1.6 mL 250 mcg © Cengage Learning 2015.

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24. Dosage ordered: 10 mg Dosage available: 6 mg/1 mL mL =

10 mg 1 mL = 1.66 mL = 1.7 mL × 6 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

25. Dosage ordered: 20 mg Dosage available: 15 mg/1 mL mL =

20 mg 1 mL × = 1.33 = 1.3 mL 15 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

26. Dosage ordered: 6 mg Dosage available: 40 mg/10 mL mL =

6 mg 10 mL × = 1.5 mL 40 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

27. Dosage ordered: 0.15 g Dosage available: 250 mg/5 mL mL =

1000 mg 0.15 g 5 mL × × = 3 mL 1 g 250 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

28. Dosage ordered: 16 mg Dosage available: 2 mg/1 mL mL =

16 mg 1 mL × = 8 mL 2 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

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29. Dosage ordered: 30 mg Dosage available: 25 mg/1 mL mL =

30 mg 1 mL × = 1.2 mL 25 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

30. Dosage ordered: 40 mg Dosage available: 25 mg/1 mL mL =

40 mg 1 mL × = 1.6 mL 25 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

31. Dosage ordered: 3 mg Dosage available: 5 mg/1 mL mL =

3 mg 1 mL × = 0.6 mL 5 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

32. Dosage ordered: 3 mg Dosage available: 2 mg/1 mL mL =

3 mg 1 mL × = 1.5 mL 2 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

33. Dosage ordered: 5 mg Dosage available: 4 mg/1 mL mL =

5 mg 1 mL × = 1.25 = 1.3 mL 4 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

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34. Dosage ordered: 40 mg Dosage available: 25 mg/1 mL mL =

40 mg 1 mL × = 1.6 mL 25 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

35. Dosage ordered: 20 mg Dosage available: 15 mg/1 mL mL =

20 mg 1 mL × = 1.33 = 1.3mL 15 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

36. Dosage ordered: 30 mg Dosage available: 20 mg/1 mL mL =

30 mg 1 mL × = 1.5 mL 20 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

37. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage available: 10 mg/1 mL mL =

15 mg 1 mL × = 1.5 mL 10 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

38. Dosage ordered: 750 mcg Dosage available: 1000 mcg/1 mL mL =

750 mcg 1 mL × = 0.75 = 0.8 mL 1000 mcg © Cengage Learning 2015.

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39. Dosage ordered: 0.4 g Dosage available: 25 mg/1 mL mL =

1000 mg 0.4 g 1 mL × × = 16 mL 1 g 25 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

40. Dosage ordered: 125 mg Dosage available: 250 mg/5 mL

mL =

125 mg 5 mL × = 2.5 mL 250 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

41. Dosage ordered: 25 mg Dosage available: 15 mg/1 mL

mL =

25 mg 1 mL × = 1.67 = 1.7 15 mg

© Cengage Learning 2015.

42. Dosage ordered: 50 mg Dosage available: 25 mg/1 mL mL =

50 mg 1 mL × = 2 mL 25 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

43. Dosage ordered: 10 mg Dosage available: 40 mg/10 mL mL =

10 mg 10 mL × = 2.5 mL 40 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

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44. Dosage ordered: 180 mcg Dosage available: 0.2 mg/1 mL mL =

1 mg 180 mcg 1 mL = 0.9 mL × × 0.2 mg 1000 mcg © Cengage Learning 2015.

45. Dosage ordered: 70 mg Dosage available: 50 mg/1 mL mL =

70 mg 1 mL × = 1.4 mL 50 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

46. Dosage ordered: 400,000 units Dosage available: 1,200,000 units/2 mL

© Cengage Learning 2015.

mL =

2 mL 400, 000 units = 0.67 = 0.7 mL × 1, 200, 000 units

47. Dosage ordered: 1500 units Dosage available: 5000 units/1 mL mL =

1 mL 1500 units = 0.3 mL × 5000 units

© Cengage Learning 2015.

48. Dosage ordered: 20 mEq Dosage available: 2 mEq/1 mL mL =

20 mEq 1 mL × = 10 mL 2 mEq © Cengage Learning 2015.

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49. Dosage ordered: 4.5 mg Dosage available: 2.5 mg/1 mL mL =

4.5 mg 1 mL × = 1.8 mL 2.5 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

50. Dosage ordered: 1.4 mg Dosage available: 1 mg/1 mL mL =

1.4 mg 1 mL × = 1.4 mL 1 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

51. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage available: 20 mg/1 mL

mL =

1 mL 15 mg × = 0.75 = 0.8 mL 20 mg

© Cengage Learning 2015.

52. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage available: 10 mg/1 mL mL =

15 mg 1 mL × = 1.5 mL 10 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

53. Dosage ordered: 6000 mcg Dosage available: 4 mg/1 mL mL =

1 mg 6000 mcg 1 mL × × = 1.5 mL 1000 mcg 4 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

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54. Dosage ordered: 75 mg Dosage available: 250 mg/5 mL mL =

75 mg 5 mL × = 1.5 mL 250 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

55. Dosage ordered: 15 mg Dosage available: 20 mg/1 mL mL =

15 mg 1 mL × = 0.75 = 0.8 mL 20 mg © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Problems 14.1 (page 221) 1. A dosage of 0.8 g has been ordered. The strength available is 1 g in 2.5 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q = X H

0.8 g × 2.5 mL = X mL 1g 0.8 g × 2.5 mL = 2 mL 1g To give 0.8 g, you must administer 2 mL. 2. You have available a dosage strength of 250 mg in 1.5 mL. The order is for 200 mg.

Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 200 mg × 1.5 mL = X mL 250 mg 200 mg × 1.5 mL = 1.2 mL 250 mg To give 200 mg, you must administer 1.2 mL. 3. The strength available is 1 g in 5 mL. The order is for 0.2 g.

Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

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0.2 g × 5 mL = 1.0 mL = 1 mL 1g To give 0.2 g, you must administer 1 mL. 4. A dosage of 300 mcg has been ordered. The strength available is 500 mcg in 1.2 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H

300 mcg × 1.2 mL = X mL 500 mcg 300 mcg × 1.2 mL = 0.72 mL = 0.7 mL 500 mcg To give 300 mcg, you must administer 0.7 mL. Problems 14.2 (page 222)

1. The dosage ordered is 780 mcg. The strength available is 1 mg per 1 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert mg to mcg to express each quantity in the same unit.

1 mg = 1000 mcg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 780 mcg × 1 mL = X mL 1000 mcg 780 mcg × 1 mL = 0.78 mL = 0.8 mL 1000 mcg To give 780 mcg, you must administer 0.8 mL.

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2. The available dosage strength is 0.1 g per mL. The dosage ordered is 250 mg.

Calculate the amount to administer: Convert g to mg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.1 g = 100 mg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 250 mg × 1 mL = X mL 100 mg 250 mg × 1 mL = 2.5 mL 100 mg To give 250 mg, you must administer 2.5 mL. 3. Prepare a dosage of 0.6 mg from an available strength of 1000 mcg per 2 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert mg to mcg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.6 mg = 600 mcg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 600 mcg × 2 mL = X mL 1000 mcg 600 mcg × 2 mL = 1.2 mL 1000 mcg To prepare a 600 mcg or 0.6 mg dosage, you will need 1.2 mL. 4. A dosage of 0.4 g has been ordered. The strength available is 500 mg per 1.3 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert g to mg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.4 g = 400 mg

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Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 400 mg × 1.3 mL = X mL 500 mg 400 mg × 1.3 mL = 1.0 mL = 1 mL 500 mg To give 400 mg or 0.4 g, you must administer 1 mL. Problems 14.3 (page 223)

1. A dosage strength of 1000 units per 1.5 mL is available. Prepare a 1250 unit dosage.

Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 1250 units × 1.5 mL = X mL 1000 units 1250 units × 1.5 mL = 1.87 mL = 1.9 mL 1000 units To prepare a 1250 unit dosage, you will need 1.9 mL. 2. A dosage of 45 units has been ordered. The strength available is 80 units per mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 45 units × 1 mL = X mL 80 units 45 units × 1 mL = 0.56 mL = 0.6 mL 80 units To give 45 units, you must administer 0.6 mL.

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3. The IV solution available has a strength of 200 mEq per 20 mL. You are to prepare a 50 mEq dosage.

Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 50 mEq × 20 mL = X mL 200 mEq 50 mEq × 20 mL = 5 mL 200 mEq To prepare a 50 mEq dosage, you will need 5 mL. 4. The strength available is 80 mEq per 5 mL. Prepare 30 mEq. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 30 mEq × 5 mL = X mL 80 mEq 30 mEq × 5 mL = 1.87 mL = 1.9 mL 80 mEq To prepare a 30 mEq dosage, you will need 1.9 mL.

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Chapter 14 Summary Self-Test (page 224)

1. A 50 mg dosage has been ordered. The strength available is 60 mg in 1.5 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 50 mg × 1.5 mL = X mL 60 mg 50 mg × 1.5 mL = 1.25 mL = 1.3 mL 60 mg To give 50 mg, you must administer 1.3 mL. 2. Prepare a 300 mcg dosage. The dosage available is 0.4 mg per mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert mg to mcg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.4 mg = 400 mcg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 300 mcg × 1 mL = X mL 400 mcg 300 mcg × 1 mL = 0.75 mL = 0.8 mL 400 mcg To prepare a 300 mcg dosage, you will need 0.8 mL. 3. Prepare 0.45 g. The strength available is 300 mg per mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert g to mg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.45 g = 450 mg Use the formula for the calculation.

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D × Q=X H 450 mg × 1 mL = X mL 300 mg 450 mg × 1 mL = 1.5 mL 300 mg To prepare a 450 mg or 0.45 g dosage, you will need 1.5 mL. 4. The medication is labeled 5 mg per mL. An 8 mg dosage has been ordered.

Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 8 mg × 1 mL = X mL 5 mg 8 mg × 1 mL = 1.6 mL 5 mg To give 8 mg, you must administer 1.6 mL. 5. Prepare a 70 mg dosage from a solution labeled 250 mg in 5 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 70 mg × 5 mL = X mL 250 mg 70 mg × 5 mL = 1.4 mL 250 mg To prepare a 70 mg dosage, you will need 1.4 mL.

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6. The drug is labeled 25 mg per mL; 30 mg has been ordered.

Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 30 mg × 1 mL = X mL 25 mg 30 mg × 1 mL = 1.2 mL 25 mg To give 30 mg, you must administer 1.2 mL. 7. The label reads 50 mg per mL. Prepare a 60 mg dosage.

Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 60 mg × 1 mL = X mL 50 mg 60 mg × 1 mL = 1.2 mL 50 mg To prepare a 60 mg dosage, you will need 1.2 mL. 8. The order is for 12 mg. The vial is labeled 5 mg per mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 12 mg × 1 mL = X mL 5 mg

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12 mg × 1 mL = 2.4 mL 5 mg To give 12 mg, you must administer 2.4 mL. 9. A dosage of 7 mg has been ordered. The vial label reads 10 mg per mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 7 mg × 1 mL = X mL 10 mg 7 mg × 1 mL = 0.7 mL 10 mg To give 7 mg, you must administer 0.7 mL. 10. The dosage strength is 10 mg in 1 mL; 8 mg has been ordered.

Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 8 mg × 1 mL = X mL 10 mg 8 mg × 1 mL = 0.8 mL 10 mg To give 8 mg, you must administer 0.8 mL. 11. Prepare a 0.3 g dosage from a medication labeled 900 mg per 6 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert g to mg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.3 g = 300 mg

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Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 300 mg × 6 mL = X mL 900 mg 300 mg × 6 mL = 2 mL 900 mg To prepare a 300 mg or 0.3 g dosage, you will need 2 mL. 12. Prepare a 300 mg IV dosage from a vial labeled 0.5 g in 20 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert g to mg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.5 g = 500 mg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 300 mg × 20 mL = X mL 500 mg 300 mg × 20 mL = 12 mL 500 mg To prepare a 300 mg dosage, you will need 12 mL. 13. The vial is labeled 0.5 g per 2 mL. A dosage of 750 mg has been ordered.

Calculate the amount to administer: Convert g to mg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.5 g = 500 mg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 750 mg × 2 mL = X mL 500 mg

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750 mg × 2 mL = 3 mL 500 mg To give 750 mg, you must administer 3 mL. 14. Prepare a dosage of 0.2 mg from an available dosage of 250 mcg in 5 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert mg to mcg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.2 mg = 200 mcg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 200 mcg × 5 mL = X mL 250 mcg 200 mcg × 5 mL = 4 mL 250 mcg To prepare a 200 mcg or 0.2 mg dosage, you will need 4 mL. 15. The order is for 130 mg, and the single-use ampule is labeled 0.1 g per 2 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert g to mg to express each quantity in the same units.

0.1 g = 100 mg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 130 mg × 2 mL = X mL 100 mg 130 mg × 2 mL = 2.6 mL 100 mg To give 130 mg, you must administer 2.6 mL.

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16. Draw up a 12 mg dosage from a vial labeled 15 mg in 5 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 12 mg × 5 mL = X mL 15 mg 12 mg × 5 mL = 4 mL 15 mg To give 12 mg, you must administer 4 mL. 17. The ampule is labeled 20 mg in 2 mL. Prepare 14 mg.

Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 14 mg × 2 mL = X mL 20 mg 14 mg × 2 mL = 1.4 mL 20 mg To prepare a 14 mg dosage, you will need 1.4 mL. 18. The medication is labeled 1.2 g per 30 mL. Draw up an 800 mg dosage for IV administration.

Calculate the amount to administer: Convert g to mg to express each quantity in the same unit.

1.2 g = 1200 mg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H

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800 mg × 30 mL = X mL 1200 mg 800 mg × 30 mL = 20 mL 1200 mg To give 800 mg, you must administer 20 mL. 19. Prepare an 80 mg dosage of a medication labeled 100 mg in 2 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 80 mg × 2 mL = X mL 100 mg 80 mg × 2 mL = 1.6 mL 100 mg To prepare an 80 mg dosage, you will need 1.6 mL. 20. The solution strength is 0.4 mg per mL. A dosage of 300 mcg has been ordered.

Calculate the amount to administer: Convert mg to mcg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.4 mg = 400 mcg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 300 mcg × 1 mL = X mL 400 mcg 300 mcg × 1 mL = 0.75 mL = 0.8 mL 400 mcg To give 300 mcg you must administer 0.8 mL

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21. Prepare a 600 mg dosage from an available dosage strength of 0.4 g per mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert g to mg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.4 g = 400 mg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 600 mg × 1 mL = X mL 400 mg 600 mg × 1 mL = 1.5 mL 400 mg To prepare a 600 mg dosage, you will need 1.5 mL. 22. Draw up a 60 mEq dosage for addition to an IV from a solution labeled 40 mEq per 20 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 60 mEq × 20 mL = X mL 40 mEq 60 mEq × 20 mL = 30 mL 40 mEq To give 60 mEq, you must administer 30 mL. 23. The label reads 400 mcg per mL; 0.6 mg has been ordered.

Calculate the amount to administer: Convert mg to mcg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.6 mg = 600 mcg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H

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600 mcg × 1 mL = X mL 400 mcg 600 mcg × 1 mL = 1.5 mL 400 mcg To give 600 mcg or 0.6 mg, you must administer 1.5 mL. 24. Prepare a 60 mg dosage from a 75 mg per mL strength.

Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 60 mg × 1 mL = X mL 75 mg 60 mg × 1 mL = 0.8 mL 75 mg To prepare a 60 mg dosage, you will need 0.8 mL. 25. Prepare a 0.1 g dosage from a vial labeled 40 mg per mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert g to mg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.1 g = 100 mg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 100 mg × 1 mL = X mL 40 mg 100 mg × 1 mL = 2.5 mL 40 mg To prepare a 0.1 g or 100 mg dosage, you will need 2.5 mL.

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26. The drug is labeled 50 mg in 10 mL. The order is for 8 mg.

Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 8 mg × 10 mL = X mL 50 mg 8 mg × 10 mL = 1.6 mL 50 mg To give 8 mg, you must administer 1.6 mL. 27. Measure a 0.8 mg dosage from an available strength of 1000 mcg per mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert mg to mcg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.8 mg = 800 mcg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 800 mcg × 1 mL = X mL 1000 mcg 800 mcg × 1 mL = 0.8 mL 1000 mcg To give 800 mcg or 0.8 mg, you must administer 0.8 mL. 28. Prepare 40 mg from a vial labeled 25 mg per mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H

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40 mg × 1 mL = X mL 25 mg 40 mg × 1 mL = 1.6 mL 25 mg To prepare a 40 mg dosage, you will need 1.6 mL. 29. A dosage of 10 mg has been ordered. You have available a strength of 4000 mcg per mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert mg to mcg to express each quantity in the same unit.

10 mg = 10,000 mcg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 10,000 mcg × 1 mL = X mL 4000 mcg 10,000 mcg × 1 mL = 2.5 mL 4000 mcg To give 10,000 mcg or 10 mg, you must administer 2.5 mL. 30. Prepare 200 mg for IV use of a medication labeled 0.25 g per 25 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Convert g to mg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.25 g = 250 mg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 200 mg × 25 mL = X mL 250 mg 200 mg × 25 mL = 20 mL 250 mg To prepare a 200 mg dosage, you will need 20 mL.

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31. The dosage strength available is 15 mg in 1 mL; 10 mg has been ordered.

Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 10 mg × 1 mL = X mL 15 mg 10 mg × 1 mL = 0.66 mL = 0.7 mL 15 mg To give 10 mg, you must administer 0.7 mL. 32. Prepare a 4 mg dosage from a strength available of 5 mg per mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 4 mg × 1 mL = X mL 5 mg 4 mg × 1 mL = 0.8 mL 5 mg To prepare a 4 mg dosage, you will need 0.8 mL. 33. A dosage of 75 units has been ordered from an available strength of 90 units in 1.5 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 75 units × 1.5 mL = X mL 90 units

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75 units × 1.5 mL = 1.2 mL 90 units To give 75 units, you must administer 1.2 mL. 34. You are to prepare 100 mEq for addition to an IV solution. The solution available is labeled 80 mEq per 20 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 100 mEq × 20 mL = X mL 80 mEq 100 mEq × 20 mL = 25 mL 80 mEq To prepare a 100 mEq dosage, you will need 25 mL. 35. Prepare a dosage of 180 mg from a 0.15 g in 1 mL solution.

Calculate the amount to administer: Convert g to mg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.15 g = 150 mg Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 180 mg × 1 mL = X mL 150 mg 180 mg × 1 mL = 1.2 mL 150 mg To prepare a 180 mg dosage, you will need 1.2 mL.

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36. Prepare a 750-unit dosage from an available strength of 1000 units per mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 750 units × 1mL = X mL 1000 units 750 units × 1mL = 0.75 mL = 0.8 mL 1000 units To prepare a 750 unit dosage, you will need 0.8 mL. 37. Prepare a 20 mEq dosage of an IV additive from a vial labeled 40 mEq per 20 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 20 mEq × 20 mL = X mL 40 mEq 20 mEq × 20 mL = 10 mL 40 mEq To draw up a 20 mEq dosage, you will need 10 mL. 38. 400,000 units have been ordered, and you have available 300,000 units in 1 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 400,000 units × 1mL = X mL 300,000 units

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400,000 units × 1mL = 1.33mL = 1.3 mL 300,000 units To prepare a 400,000 unit dosage, you will need 1.3 mL. 39. A dosage of 0.2 mg per 2 mL is available. Prepare a 250 mcg dosage.

Calculate the amount to administer: Convert mg to mcg to express each quantity in the same unit.

0.2 mg = 200 mcg Use the formula for the calculation.

D ×Q=X H 250 mcg × 2 mL = X mL 200 mcg 250 mcg × 2 mL = 2.5 mL 200 mcg To prepare a 200 mcg or 0.2 mg dosage, you will need 2.5 mL. 40. A dosage of 35 mEq has been ordered for addition to an IV solution. The solution is labeled 50 mEq per 50 mL. Calculate the amount to administer: Use the formula for the calculation.

D × Q=X H 35 mEq × 50 mL = X mL 50 mEq 35 mEq × 50 mL = 35 mL 50 mEq To give a 35 mEq dosage, you will need 35 mL.

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Problems 15.1 (page 229) 1. Convert 58 3 4 lb to kg.

58 3 4 lb = 58.75 ÷ 2.2 = 26.70 = 26.7 kg

2. Convert 63 1 2 lb to kg.

63 1 2 lb = 63.5 ÷ 2.2 = 28.86 = 28.9 kg

3. Convert 163 1 4 lb to kg.

163 1 4 lb = 163.25 ÷ 2.2 = 74.20 = 74.2 kg 4. Convert 39 3 4 lb to kg.

39 3 4 lb = 39.75 ÷ 2.2 = 18.06 = 18.1 kg 5. Convert 100 1 4 lb to kg.

100 1 4 lb = 100.25 ÷ 2.2 = 45.56 = 45.6 kg 6. Convert 134 1 2 lb to kg.

134 1 2 lb = 134.5 ÷ 2.2 = 61.13 = 61.1 kg 7. Convert 112 3 4 lb to kg.

112 3 4 lb = 112.75 ÷ 2.2 = 51.25 = 51.3 kg 8. Convert 73 1 4 lb to kg.

73 1 4 lb = 73.25 ÷ 2.2 = 33.29 = 33.3 kg 9. Convert 121 1 2 lb to kg.

121 1 2 lb = 121.5 ÷ 2.2 = 55.22 = 55.2 kg 10. Convert 92 3 4 lb to kg.

92 3 4 lb = 92.75 ÷ 2.2 = 42.15 = 42.2 kg

Problems 15.2 (page 230)

1. Convert 21.3 kg to lb.

21.3 kg = 21.3 × 2.2 = 46.86 = 46.9 lb 2. Convert 99.2 kg to lb.

99.2 kg = 99.2 × 2.2 = 218.24 = 218.2 lb

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3. Convert 28.7 kg to lb.

28.7 kg = 28.7 × 2.2 = 63.14 = 63.1 lb 4. Convert 71.4 kg to lb.

71.4 kg = 71.4 × 2.2 = 157.08 = 157.1 lb 5. Convert 30.8 kg to lb.

30.8 kg = 30.8 × 2.2 = 67.76 = 67.8 lb 6. Convert 43.7 kg to lb.

43.7 kg = 43.7 × 2.2 = 96.14 = 96.1 lb 7. Convert 63.8 kg to lb.

63.8 kg = 63.8 × 2.2 = 140.36 = 140.4 lb 8. Convert 57.1 kg to lb.

57.1 kg = 57.1 × 2.2 = 125.62 = 125.6 lb 9. Convert 84.2 kg to lb.

84.2 kg = 84.2 × 2.2 = 185.24 = 185.2 lb 10. Convert 34.9 kb to lb.

34.9 kg = 34.9 × 2.2 = 76.78 = 76.8 lb Problems 15.3 (page 232)

1. Convert 20 lb to kg.

20 lb = 20 ÷ 2.2 = 9.09 = 9.1 kg 2. Calculate the recommended dosage in mg per day.

9.1 kg × 15 mg/kg/day = 136.5 mg/day 3. Calculate mg per dose at 2 times per day.

136.5 mg/day ÷ 2 doses/day = 68.3 mg/dose 4. Yes, this dosage is accurate.

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5. Dosage ordered: 62.5 mg Dosage on hand: 125 mg/5 mL 125 mg 62.5 mg = X mL 5 mL 125 X = 312.5 X = 2.5 mL 6. Per the label instructions, add 55 mL of water to prepare the suspension.

Problems 15.4 (page 233)

1. From the label, the dosage range in mg/kg/day for mild-to-moderate infections: 25–50 mg 2. From the label, the dosage range in mg/lb/day for mild-to-moderate infections: 10–20 mg 3. From the label, the total dosage will be divided into 3–4 doses per day 4. From the label, the maximum daily dosage for severe infections: 100 mg/kg or 45 mg/lb Problems 15.5 (page 233)

1. Calculate the lower daily dosage range.

35 lb × 10 mg/lb/day = 350 mg/day 2. Calculate the upper daily dosage range.

35 lb × 20 mg/lb/day = 700 mg/day 3. Calculate the per dosage range.

Lower per dosage range: 350 mg/day ÷ 4 doses/day = 87.5 mg/dose Upper per dosage range: 700 mg/day ÷ 4 doses/day = 175 mg/dose 4. The order is for 125 mg.

No, you do not need to question the order; 125 mg given every 6 hours (or 500 mg/day) is within the daily dosage range of 350 mg/day to 700 mg/day.

Problems 15.6 (page 234)

1. From the label, the daily dosage range for serious infections: 200–300 mg/kg 2. From the label, the daily dosage should be divided into: 4 to 6 doses per day; every 6 or 4 hours

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3. From the label, the maximum daily dosage: 24 g 4. Calculate the daily dosage range in g for a 176 lb adult.

Convert lb to kg: 176 lb = 176 ÷ 2.2 = 80 kg Calculate the lower dosage range: 80 kg × 200 mg/kg/day = 16,000 mg/day Convert mg to g: 16,000 mg ÷ 1000 mg/g = 16 g Calculate the upper dosage range: 80 kg × 300 mg/kg/day = 24,000 mg/day Convert mg to g: 24,000 mg ÷ 1000 mg/g = 24 g The daily dosage range is 16–24 g.

5. Calculate the per dosage range if given every 6 hours.

Number of doses per day: 24 hr/day ÷ 6 hr = 4 doses/day Calculate the lower dosage: 16 g/day ÷ 4 doses/day = 4 g/dose Calculate the upper dosage: 24 g/day ÷ 4 doses/day = 6 g/dose The dosage range is 4–6 g per dose.

6. Ordered 2 g: This dosage is too low and not within the 4 g to 6 g dosage range.

7. Ordered 10 g: This dosage is too high (10 g × 4 doses/day = 40 g/day) and exceeds the daily dosage limit of 24 g.

Problems 15.7 (page 234)

1. From the label, the daily dosage range: 25–30 mcg/kg 2. From the label, the dosages per day: once per day for 8–10 days 3. Convert lb to kg: 240 lb = 240 ÷ 2.2 = 109.09 = 109.1 kg Calculate the lower dosage range: 109.1 kg × 25 mcg/kg/day = 2727.5 = 2728 mcg/day Calculate the upper dosage range: 109.1 kg × 30 mcg/kg/day = 3273 mcg/day The daily dosage range for this patient is 2728–3273 mcg/day or 2.7–3.3 mg/day

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4. Dosage ordered 3 mg: Convert 3 mg to mcg: 3 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 3000 mcg No, 3000 mcg is within the dosage range of 2728–3273 mcg/day; this order does not need to be questioned.

Problems 15.8 (page 235)

1. From the insert, the maximum daily dose of ceftriaxone for a child with a skin structure infection: 2 g 2. The dosage range for skin structure infections: 50–75 mg/kg once a day or equally divided dosages twice a day 3. From the insert, the initial dosage for meningitis: 100 mg/kg not to exceed 4 g 4. Calculate the initial dosage: 12.6 kg × 100 mg/kg/day = 1260 mg 1260 mg ÷1000 mg/kg = 1.26 g = 1.3 g (if rounded) The initial dosage is 1260 mg or 1.26 g.

5. Calculate the twice-daily dosage if given every 12 hours.

Number of doses per day: 24 hr/day ÷ 12 hr = 2 doses/day Calculate the dosage: 1260 mg/day ÷ 2 doses/day = 630 mg/dose 6. Convert lb to kg: 19.5 lb ÷ 2.2 = 8.86 = 8.9 kg Calculate the dosage: 8.9 kg × 100 mg/kg = 890 mg 7. The usual duration of therapy is 7 to 14 days.

Chapter 15 Summary Self-Test (page 237)

1. Calculate the daily dosage.

Convert lb to kg: 43 lb = 43 ÷ 2.2 = 19.54 = 19.5 kg Calculate the daily dosage: 19.5 kg × 20 mg/kg/day = 390 mg/day The daily dosage is 390 mg.

2. Calculate the per dose dosage if given 3 times per day.

Calculate the per dose dosage: 390 mg/day ÷ 3 doses/day = 130 mg/dose The per dose dosage is 130 mg/dose.

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3. No, 250 mg every 8 hours (750 mg/day) is higher than the daily dosage of 390 mg.

4. Calculate the per dose dosage.

Convert lb to kg: 140 lb = 140 ÷ 2.2 = 63.63 = 63.6 kg Calculate the per dose dosage: 63.6 kg × 30 mg/kg/dose = 1908 mg/dose The dosage is 1908 mg/dose.

5. From the label: Every 4 to 6 hours for 48 hours 6. From the label: 0.5 mg/kg every 24 hours is the lowest dosage recommended 7. Calculate the daily dosage.

Convert lb to kg: 43 lb = 43 ÷ 2.2 = 19.54 = 19.5 kg Calculate the lowest daily dosage: 19.5 kg × 0.5 mg/kg/day = 9.75 = 9.8 mg/day The lowest daily dosage is 9.8 mg/day.

8. From the label: At least 30 minutes 9. From the label: Dosage strength in mg is 125 mg/5 mL 10. From the label: Dosage strength in units is 200,000 units/5 mL 11. From the label: The amount of diluent is 117 mL 12. From the label: The kind of diluent is water 13. From the label: The dosage is 15–56 mg/kg for infants 14. Calculate the dosage range for an infant who weighs 6.2 kg: Calculate the lower dosage: 15 mg/kg × 6.2 kg = 93 mg Calculate the upper dosage: 56 mg/kg × 6.2 kg = 347.2 = 347 mg The dosage range is 93–347 mg.

15. Calculate the dosage range for a 16 lb infant.

Convert lb to kg: 16 lb = 16 ÷ 2.2 = 7.27 = 7.3 kg Calculate the lower dosage: 15 mg/kg × 7.3 kg = 109.5 = 110 mg Calculate the upper dosage: 56 mg/kg × 7.3 kg = 408.8 = 409 mg The dosage range is 110–409 mg/daily.

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16. Calculate the dosage range for a 7.9 kg infant.

Calculate the lower daily dosage: 15 mg/kg × 7.9 kg = 118.5 = 119 mg Calculate the upper daily dosage: 56 mg/kg × 7.9 kg = 442.4 = 442 mg The daily dosage range is 119–442 mg.

Calculate the per dose dosage range if given every 8 hours.

Number of doses per day: 24 hr/day ÷ 8 hr = 3 doses/day Calculate the lower dosage: 119 mg/day ÷ 3 doses/day = 39.6 = 40 mg/dose Calculate the upper dosage: 442 mg/day ÷ 3 doses/day = 147.3 = 147 mg/dose The per dose dosage range is 40–147 mg per dose; the 125 mg ordered is correct.

17. Calculate the daily dose for a 100 lb child.

Convert lb to kg: 100 lb ÷ 2.2 = 45.45 = 45.5 kg Calculate the daily dose: 20 mg/kg × 45.5 kg = 910 mg The daily dose is 910 mg/day.

18. Calculate the per dose dosage for this child if given 3 times per day.

910 mg/day ÷ 3 doses/day = 303.3 = 303 mg/dose 19. There are 250 mg in 5 mL; so yes that dose would be reasonable for this child.

20. From the label: Add 53 mL of water in two portions to dry mixture in the bottle. Shake well after each addition.

21. Precautions when preparing suspensions include: Shake well to mix completely before pouring and administer immediately to prevent settling out.

22. The adult/adolescent dosage is 5 mg/kg.

23. Calculate the dosage for an adult weighing 61.4 kg.

5 mg/kg × 61.4 kg = 307 mg

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24. Calculate the dosage for an adolescent weighing 180 lb.

Convert lb to kg: 180 lb = 180 ÷ 2.2 = 81.81 = 81.8 kg Calculate the dosage: 10 mg/kg × 81.8 kg = 818 mg 25. The infant dosage is 20 mg/kg.

26. The recommended time period is 1 hour.

27. Precautions: Avoid rapid or bolus injection. Avoid intramuscular or subcutaneous injection.

28. Calculate the daily dosage range.

Convert lb to kg: 198 lb = 198 ÷ 2.2 = 90 kg Calculate the lower daily dosage: 200 mg/kg × 90 kg = 18,000 mg Calculate the upper daily dosage: 300 mg/kg × 90 kg = 27,000 mg The daily dosage range is 18,000–27,000 mg daily.

29. Calculate the per dose in g.

Convert daily dosage range from mg to g.

18,000 mg ÷ 1000 mg/g = 18 g 27,000 mg ÷ 1000 mg/g = 27 g Number of doses per day: 24 hr/day ÷ 4 hr = 6 doses/day Calculate the per dosage range.

18 g ÷ 6 doses per day = 3 g/dose 27 g ÷ 6 doses per day = 4.5 g/dose The per dosage range is 3–4.5 g.

30. No, the 4 g dosage is within the 3–4.5 g/dosage range.

31. From the label, the IV maintenance dosage: 4 mg/kg every 12 hours 32. Calculate the daily IV dosage for a 92.7 kg person.

4 mg/kg × 92.7 kg = 370.8 = 371 mg Number of doses per day: 24 hr/day ÷ 12 hr = 2 doses/day 371 mg/dose × 2 doses/day = 742 mg daily Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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33. Calculate the daily oral dosage.

Number of doses per day: 24 hr/day ÷ 12 hr = 2 doses/day 200 mg/dose × 2 doses/day = 400 mg daily 34. Calculate the single IV dosage for a 92.7 kg person.

4 mg/kg × 92.7 kg = 370.8 = 371 mg/dose 35. From the label, the maximum rate: 3 mg/kg per hour over 1–2 hours 36. From the label, the warning is: Not for IV bolus injection 37. From the label, the first day dosage for a child with esophageal candidiasis: 6 mg/kg 38. From the label, the recommended dosage on subsequent days: 3 mg/kg 39. From the label, the treatment is continued: Minimum of three weeks and at least two weeks following resolution of symptoms 40. Calculate the first dose for a child weighing 18.2 kg.

6 mg/kg × 18.2 kg = 109.2 = 109 mg 41. Calculate the subsequent dose for this child.

3 mg/kg × 18.2 kg = 54.6 = 55 mg 42. From the label, the dosage will be administered: once daily 43. From the label, the recommended maximum dosage is: 12 mg/kg/day 44. Calculate the first dose for a child weighing 72 lb.

Convert lb to kg: 72 lb = 72 ÷ 2.2 = 32.72 = 32.7 kg 6 mg/kg × 32.7 kg = 196.2 = 196 mg

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Problems 16.1 (page 244) 1. Calculate the BSA for an adult with a weight of 59 kg and a height of 160 cm.

59 (kg) × 160 (cm) 3600 =

2.622

= 1.619 = 1.62 m 2

2. Calculate the BSA for a child with a weight of 35.9 kg and a height of 63.5 cm.

35.9 (kg) × 63.5 (cm) 3600 =

0.6332

= 0.79 = 0.8 m 2

3. Calculate the BSA for a child with a weight of 7.7 kg and a height of 40 cm.

7.7 (kg) × 40 (cm) 3600 =

0.0855

= 0.292 = 0.29 m 2

4. Calculate the BSA for an adult with a weight of 92 kg and a height of 178 cm.

92 (kg) × 178 (cm) 3600 =

4.548

= 2.132 = 2.13 m 2

5. Calculate the BSA for a child with a weight of 46 kg and a height of 102 cm.

46 (kg) × 102 (cm) 3600 =

1.303

= 1.141 = 1.14 m 2

Problems 16.2 (page 245) 1. Calculate the BSA for a child with a weight of 92 lb and a height of 35 in.

92 (lb) × 35 (in) 3131 =

1.028

= 1.014 = 1.01 m 2 Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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2. Calculate the BSA for an adult with a weight of 175 lb and a height of 67 in.

175 (lb) × 67 (in) 3131 =

3.7448

= 1.935 = 1.94 m 2

3. Calculate the BSA for an adult with a weight of 194 lb and a height of 70 in.

194 (lb) × 70 (in) 3131 =

4.337

= 2.082 = 2.08 m 2

4. Calculate the BSA for a child with a weight of 72.4 lb and a height of 40.5 in.

72.4 (lb) × 40.5 (in) 3131 =

0.9365

= 0.967 = 0.97 m 2

5. Calculate the BSA for a child with a weight of 36 lb and a height of 26 in.

36 (lb) × 26 (in) 3131 =

0.2989

= 0.546 = 0.55 m 2

Problems 16.3 (page 246) 1. Calculate the dosage range based on a BSA of 0.43 m2.

Lower dosage: 0.43 m 2 × 5 mg/m 2 = 2.15 = 2 mg Upper dosage: 0.43 m 2 × 10 mg/m 2 = 4.3 = 4 mg The recommended dosage range is 2–4 mg.

2. Calculate the dosage range based on a BSA of 0.81 m2.

Dosage: 0.81 m 2 × 40 mg/m 2 = 32.4 = 32 mg The recommended dosage is 32 mg.

3. Calculate the dosage range based on a BSA of 0.51 m2.

Dosage: 0.51 m 2 × 20 mg/m 2 = 10.2 = 10 mg The recommended dosage is 10 mg.

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4. Calculate the dosage range based on a BSA of 1.93 m2.

Lower dosage: 1.93 m 2 × 20 units/m 2 = 38.6 = 39 units Upper dosage: 1.93 m 2 × 40 units/m 2 = 77.2 = 77 units The recommended dosage range is 39–77 units.

5. Calculate the dosage range based on a BSA of 2.08 m2.

Lower dosage: 2.08 m 2 × 3 mg/m 2 = 6.24 = 6 mg Upper dosage: 2.08 m 2 × 5 mg/m 2 = 10.4 = 10 mg The recommended dosage range is 6–10 mg.

Problems 16.4 (page 248)

1. Calculate the third dosage for an adult with a BSA of 1.91 m2.

7.4 mg/m 2 × 1.91 m 2 = 14.1 = 14 mg 2. Calculate the first dosage for a child with a BSA of 1.2 m2.

2.5 mg/m 2 × 1.2 m 2 = 3 mg 3. Calculate the fifth dosage for an adult with a BSA of 1.53 m2.

11.1 mg/m 2 × 1.53 m 2 = 16.9 = 17 mg 4. Calculate the second dosage for a child with a BSA of 1.01 m2.

3.75 mg/m 2 × 1.01 m 2 = 3.7 = 4 mg 5. Calculate the second dosage for an adult with a BSA of 2.12 m2.

5.5 mg/m 2 × 2.12 m 2 = 11.6 = 12 mg

Problems 16.5 (page 248)

1. The single dose from the label is 150–200 mg/m2.

2. Calculate the dosage range for a patient with a BSA of 1.91 m2.

Lower dosage: 150 mg/m 2 × 1.91 m 2 = 286.5 = 287 mg Upper dosage: 200 mg/m 2 × 1.91 m 2 = 382 mg The dosage range for a patient with a BSA of 1.91 m 2 is 287–382 mg.

3. No, the dosage of 325 mg is within the dosage range of 287–382 mg.

4. Yes, this dosage is too high and not within the dosage range of 287–382 mg.

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Problems 16.6 (page 249)

1. The dosage range from the label is 10–20 units/m2.

2. The dosage per kg from the label is 0.25–0.5 units/kg.

3. Calculate the dosage range based on a BSA of 1.73 m 2 .

Lower dosage: 10 units/m 2 × 1.73 m 2 = 17.3 = 17 units Upper dosage: 20 units/m 2 × 1.73 m 2 = 34.6 = 35 units The dosage range for a patient with a BSA of 1.73 m 2 is 17–35 units.

4. The recommended dosage from the label is weekly or twice weekly.

Problems 16.7 (page 249)

1. From the label, add 80 mL diluent to prepare a mitomycin 40 mg and mannitol 80 mg dosage strength.

2. From the label, add sterile water for injection.

3. From the label, the dosage required is 20 mg/m2.

4. Calculate the dosage for an individual with a BSA of 1.73 m 2 .

20 mg/m 2 × 1.73 m 2 = 34.6 = 35 mg 5. From the label, administer intravenously as a single dose via a functioning intravenous catheter.

Chapter 16 Summary Self-Test (page 251)

1. Calculate the BSA for an individual weighing 58 lbs and measuring 36 in.

58 (lb) × 36 (in) 3131 =

0.6668

= 0.816 = 0.82 m 2

2. Calculate the BSA for an adult weighing 74 kg and measuring 160 cm.

74 (kg) × 160 (cm) 3600 =

3.288

= 1.813 = 1.81 m 2 Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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3. Calculate the BSA for a child who weighs 14.2 kg and measures 64 cm.

14.2 (kg) × 64 (cm) 3600 =

0.2524

= 0.502 = 0.50 m 2

4. Calculate the BSA for an adult weighing 69 kg and measuring 170 cm.

69 (kg) × 170 (cm) 3600 =

3.2583

= 1.805 = 1.81 m 2

5. Calculate the BSA for an adolescent who is 55 in and 103 lb.

103 (lb) × 55 (in) 3131 =

1.8093

= 1.345 = 1.35 m 2

6. Calculate the BSA for a child who is 112 cm and weighs 25.3 kg.

25.3 (kg) × 112 (cm) 3600 =

0.7871

= 0.887 = 0.89 m 2

7. Calculate the BSA for an adult who weighs 55 kg and measures 157.5 cm.

55 (kg) × 157.5 (cm) 3600 =

2.406

= 1.551 = 1.55 m 2

8. Calculate the BSA for an adult who weighs 65.4 kg and is 132 cm in height.

65.4 (kg) × 132 (cm) 3600 =

2.398

= 1.548 = 1.55 m 2

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9. Calculate the BSA for a child whose height is 58 in and whose weight is 26.5 lb.

26.5 (lb) × 58 (in) 3131 =

0.4908

= 0.700 = 0.70 m 2

10. Calculate the BSA for a child whose height and weight are 60 cm and 13.6 kg, respectively.

13.6 (kg) × 60 (cm) 3600 =

0.2266

= 0.476 = 0.48 m 2

11. Calculate the daily dosage for a child whose BSA is 0.78 m 2 .

8 mg/m 2 × 0.78 m 2 = 6.24 = 6 mg.

12. Yes, a dosage of 4 mg is too low compared to the recommended dosage of 6 mg per day.

13. Calculate the daily dosage for a child whose BSA is 0.29 m 2 .

8 mg/m 2 × 0.29 m 2 = 2.32 = 2 mg.

14. Calculate the daily dosage for a child whose BSA is 0.51 m 2 .

8 mg/m 2 × 0.51 m 2 = 4.08 = 4 mg.

15. Calculate the dosage for a patient whose BSA is 1.61 m 2 .

360 mg/m 2 × 1.61 m 2 = 579.6 = 580 mg.

16. Calculate the BSA for an individual weighing 130 lbs and measuring 62 in.

130 (lb) × 62 (in) 3131 =

2.5742

= 1.604 = 1.6 m 2

17. Calculate the dosage of carboplatin required for this patient.

360 mg/m 2 × 1.60 m 2 = 576 mg.

18. From the label, the recommended dosage for carboplatin given in conjunction with cyclophosphamide is 600 mg/m 2 .

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19. Calculate the BSA for a patient weighing 53.2 kg and measuring 150.3 cm.

53.2 (kg) × 150.3 (cm) 3600 =

2.2211

= 1.49 m 2

20. Calculate the dosage of cyclophosphamide for this patient.

600 mg/m 2 × 1.49 m 2 = 894 mg

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Problems 17.1 (page 260) 1. The correct fluid level for an IV drip chamber is the middle of the chamber.

2. The clamp used to regulate the IV flow rate is the roller clamp.

3. A slide clamp is used to stop the IV temporarily without disturbing the rate set on the roller clamp.

4. A peripheral line is an IV inserted into an arm or leg vein.

5. A central line is an IV catheter inserted into a deep chest vein.

6. The common abbreviation for an intravenous piggyback is IVPB. 7. The IVPB is a secondary line.

8. The height of a primary solution bag when a secondary bag is infusing is lower than the secondary bag.

9. A saline lock is used for intermittent infusions when a continuous IV is not necessary.

10. The two strengths of heparin flush solution available are 10 units/mL and 100 units/mL. Problems 17.2 (page 264) 1. The function of a volumetric pump is to administer IVs at a controlled rate.

2. Two major precautions when using a volumetric pump are accurate programming, and rate and site monitoring.

3. A syringe pump is used to infuse small volumes of drugs that are not compatible with other drugs and/or fluids.

4. A PCA is a patient-controlled analgesia device.

Problems 17.3 (page 265) 1. D10NS: 10% dextrose in 0.9% saline 2. D5NS: 5% dextrose in normal (0.9%) saline 3. D2.5 ½S: 2.5 % dextrose in 0.45% saline 4. D5 ¼S: 5% dextrose in 0.225% saline 5. D20W: 20% dextrose in water Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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6. D5NS 20 mEq KCl: 5% dextrose in 0.9% saline with 20 mEq potassium chloride 7. D5RL: 5% dextrose in Ringer’s lactate solution Chapter 17 Summary Self-Test (page 267) 1. D5RL is 5% dextrose in Ringer’s lactate. This is a primary line.

2. The roller clamps on the IV tubing are closed before the connection to the solution bag to prevent air from entering the tubing.

3. An IV started in the back of the patient’s left hand is a peripheral line.

4. The fluid level in the drip chamber should be half full.

5. To adjust the flow rate, use a roller clamp.

6. An electronic infusion control device used to administer the IV is a volumetric pump.

7. The setup used to infuse the antibiotic medication is a piggyback IV. 8. The piggyback IV is abbreviated IVPB. 9. In order for the antibiotic to infuse first, it must be hung higher than the original solution bag.

10. The site used for this intermittent administration is called intermittent infusion port; saline or heparin lock.

11. PCA stands for patient-controlled analgesia, and this device controls the administration of pain medication.

12. To accurately measure a small-volume IV medication that is diluted in 20 mL and infused, a calibrated burette is used.

13. Calibrated burettes are calibrated in 1 mL increments.

14. When an IV medication is injected directly into the vein via a port, it is called an IV push or bolus.

15. Heparin dosage strengths of 10 units/mL or 100 units/mL are used for IV port flush.

16. Ports may be irrigated with 1–2 mL of normal saline to prevent blockage every 6–8 hours.

17. D5NS identifies 5% dextrose in normal saline.

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Problems 18.1 (page 270) 1. 60 gtt/mL 2. 15 gtt/mL 3. 10 gtt/mL Problems 18.2 (page 273) 1. An IV of 2000 mL is to infuse in 12 hr using a 10 gtt/mL set.

Convert 2000 mL/12 hr to mL/hr.

2000 mL ÷ 12 hr = 166.6 = 167 mL/hr Convert 167 mL/hr to mL/min.

167 mL/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 2.78 = 2.8 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 2.8 mL/min.

10 gtt X gtt = 28 gtt = 1 mL 2.8 mL

or

10 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 2.8 mL X = 28 gtt

To infuse 2000 mL in 12 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 28 gtt/min.

2. 3500 mL are ordered to infuse in 24 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL. Convert 3500 mL/24 hr to mL/hr.

3500 mL ÷ 24 hr = 145.8 = 146 mL/hr Convert 146 mL/hr to mL/min.

146 mL/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 2.43 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 2.43 mL/min.

20 gtt X gtt = = 48.6 = 49 gtt 1 mL 2.43 mL

or

20 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 2.43 mL X = 48.6 = 49 gtt

To infuse 3500 mL in 24 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 49 gtt/min.

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3. Infuse 500 mL in 3 hr using a 15 gtt/mL set.

Convert 500 mL/3 hr to mL/hr.

500 mL ÷ 3 hr = 166.6 = 167 mL/hr Convert 167 mL/hr to mL/min.

167 mL/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 2.78 = 2.8 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 2.8 mL/min.

15 gtt X gtt = = 42 gtt 1 mL 2.8 mL

or

15 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 2.8 mL X = 42 gtt

To infuse 500 mL in 3 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 42 gtt/min.

4. A volume of 1500 mL is to infuse in 5 hr using a 15 gtt/mL set.

Convert 1500 mL/5 hr to mL/hr.

1500 mL ÷ 5 hr = 300 mL/hr Convert 300 mL/hr to mL/min.

300 mL/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 5 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 5 mL/min.

15 gtt X gtt = = 75 gtt 1 mL 5 mL

or

15 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 5 mL X = 75 gtt

To infuse 1500 mL in 5 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 75 gtt/min.

5. 1750 mL are to infuse in 9 hr using a 20 gtt/mL set.

Convert 1750 mL/9 hr to mL/hr.

1750 mL ÷ 9 hr = 194.4 = 194 mL/hr

Convert 194 mL/hr to mL/min.

194 mL/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 3.23 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 3.23 mL/min.

20 gtt X gtt = = 64.6 = 65 gtt 1 mL 3.23 mL

or

20 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 3.23 mL X = 64.6 = 65 gtt

To infuse 1750 mL in 9 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 65 gtt/min.

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6. An IV of 2500 mL is to infuse in 18 hr on a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL. Convert 2500 mL/18 hr to mL/hr.

2500 mL ÷ 18 hr = 138.8 = 139 mL/hr Convert 139 mL/hr to mL/min.

139 mL/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 2.31 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 2.31 mL/min.

10 gtt X gtt = = 23.1 = 23 gtt 1 mL 2.31 mL

or

10 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 2.31 mL X = 23.1 = 23 gtt

To infuse 2500 mL in 18 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 23 gtt/min.

7. A 3000 mL volume is to infuse in 24 hr on a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL. Convert 3000 mL/24 hr to mL/hr.

3000 mL ÷ 24 hr = 125 mL/hr Convert 125 mL/hr to mL/min.

125 mL/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 2.08 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 2.08 mL/min.

20 gtt X gtt = = 41.6 = 42 gtt 1 mL 2.08 mL

or

20 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 2.08 mL X = 41.6 = 42 gtt

To infuse 3000 mL in 24 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 42 gtt/min.

8. A volume of 2750 mL is to infuse in 22 hr on a 15 gtt/mL set.

Convert 2750 mL/22 hr to mL/hr.

2750 mL ÷ 22 hr = 125 mL/hr Convert 125 mL/hr to mL/min.

125 mL/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 2.08 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 2.08 mL/min.

15 gtt X gtt = = 31.2 = 31 gtt 1 mL 2.08 mL

or

15 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 2.08 mL X = 31.2 = 31 gtt

To infuse 2750 mL in 22 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 31 gtt/min.

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9. An IV of 750 mL is ordered to infuse in 8 hr on a 10 gtt/mL set.

Convert 750 mL/8 hr to mL/hr.

750 mL ÷ 8 hr = 93.7 = 94 mL/hr Convert 94 mL/hr to mL/min.

94 mL/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 1.56 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 1.56 mL/min.

10 gtt X gtt = = 15.6 = 16 gtt 1 mL 1.56 mL

or

10 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 1.56 mL X = 15.6 = 16 gtt

To infuse 750 mL in 8 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 16 gtt/min.

10. A volume of 1250 mL is to infuse in 12 hr using a 15 gtt/mL set.

Convert 1250 mL/12 hr to mL/hr.

1250 mL ÷ 12 hr = 104.16 = 104 mL/hr Convert 104 mL/hr to mL/min.

104 mL/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 1.73 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 1.73 mL/min.

15 gtt X gtt = = 25.9 = 26 gtt 1 mL 1.73 mL

or

15 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 1.73 mL X = 25.9 = 26 gtt

To infuse 1250 mL in 12 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 26 gtt/min.

Problems 18.3 (page 276)

1. An IV of 2000 mL is to infuse in 12 hr using a 10 gtt/mL set.

gtt 10 gtt 2000 mL 1 hr = × × = 27.8 = 28 gtt/min min mL 12 hr 60 min To infuse 2000 mL in 12 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 28 gtt/min.

2. 3500 mL are ordered to infuse in 24 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL. gtt 20 gtt 3500 mL 1 hr = × × = 48.6 = 49 gtt/min min mL 24 hr 60 min To infuse 3500 mL in 24 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 49 gtt/min.

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3. Infuse 500 mL in 3 hr using a 15 gtt/mL set. gtt 15 gtt 500 mL 1 hr = × × = 41.6 = 42 gtt/min min mL 3 hr 60 min To infuse 500 mL in 3 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 42 gtt/min.

4. A volume of 1500 mL is to infuse in 5 hr using a 15 gtt/mL set. gtt 15 gtt 1500 mL 1 hr = × × = 75 gtt/min min mL 5 hr 60 min To infuse 1500 mL in 5 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 75 gtt/min.

5. 1750 mL are to infuse in 9 hr using a 20 gtt/mL set. gtt 20 gtt 1750 mL 1 hr = × × = 64.8 = 65 gtt/min min mL 9 hr 60 min To infuse 1750 mL in 9 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 65 gtt/min.

6. An IV of 2500 mL is to infuse in 18 hr on a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL. gtt 10 gtt 2500 mL 1 hr = × × = 23.1 = 23 gtt/min min mL 18 hr 60 min To infuse 2500 mL in 18 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 23 gtt/min.

7. A 3000 mL volume is to infuse in 24 hr on a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL. gtt 20 gtt 3000 mL 1 hr = × × = 41.6 = 42 gtt/min min mL 24 hr 60 min To infuse 3000 mL in 24 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 42 gtt/min.

8. A volume of 2750 mL is to infuse in 22 hr on a 15 gtt/mL set. gtt 15 gtt 2750 mL 1 hr = × × = 31.2 = 31 gtt/min min mL 22 hr 60 min To infuse 2750 mL in 22 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 31 gtt/min.

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9. An IV of 750 mL is ordered to infuse in 8 hr on a 10 gtt/mL set. gtt 10 gtt 750 mL 1 hr = × × = 15.6 = 16 gtt/min min mL 8 hr 60 min To infuse 750 mL in 8 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 16 gtt/min.

10. A volume of 1250 mL is to infuse in 12 hr using a 15 gtt/mL set. gtt 15 gtt 1250 mL 1 hr = × × = 26 gtt/min min mL 12 hr 60 min To infuse 1250 mL in 12 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 26 gtt/min.

Problems 18.4 (page 277)

1. Administer an IV of 110 mL/hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL. Convert the hr to 60 min.

110 (mL) × 20 (gtt/mL) 60 (min) Calculate the gtt/min rate.

110 × 20 = 36.6 = 37 gtt/min 60

To infuse 110 mL in 1 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 37 gtt/min.

2. An IV solution is ordered at 200 mL/hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL. Convert the hr to 60 min.

200 (mL) × 15 (gtt/mL) 60 (min) Calculate the gtt/min rate.

200 × 15 = 50 gtt/min 60 To infuse 200 mL in 1 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 50 gtt/min.

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3. A volume of 80 mL is to be infused in 20 min using a 10 gtt/mL set.

Convert the hr to 60 min.

80 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) 20 (min) Calculate the gtt/min rate.

80 × 10 = 40 gtt/min 20 To infuse 80 mL in 20 min using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 40 gtt/min.

4. An IV is ordered to infuse at 150 mL/hr using a 10 gtt/mL calibrated set.

Convert the hr to 60 min.

150 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) 60 (min) Calculate the gtt/min rate.

150 × 10 = 25 gtt/min 60

To infuse 150 mL in 1 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 25 gtt/min.

5. An IV rate of 90 mL/hr is ordered using a 15 gtt/mL calibrated set.

Convert the hr to 60 min.

90 (mL) × 15 (gtt/mL) 60 (min) Calculate the gtt/min rate.

90 × 15 = 22.5 = 23 gtt/min 60 To infuse 90 mL in 1 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 23 gtt/min.

6. An IV of 500 mL is to infuse at 120 mL/hr using a 20 gtt/mL calibrated set.

Calculate the gtt/min rate.

120 × 20 = 40 gtt/min 60 To infuse 500 mL at 120 mL/hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 40 gtt/min.

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7. A total of 90 mL is to infuse at 100 mL/hr using a 20 gtt/mL set.

Calculate the gtt/min rate.

100 × 20 = 33.3 = 33gtt/min 60 To infuse 90 mL at 100 mL/hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 33 gtt/min.

8. A 15 gtt/mL set is used to infuse 120 mL at 80 mL/hr.

Calculate the gtt/min rate.

80 × 15 = 20 gtt/min 60 To infuse 120 mL at 80 mL/hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 20 gtt/min.

9. A rate of 60 mL/hr is ordered for a volume of 250 mL using a 10 gtt/mL set.

Calculate the gtt/min rate.

60 × 10 = 10 gtt/min 60 To infuse 250 mL at 60 mL/hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 10 gtt/min.

10. A medication volume of 50 mL is to infuse at 20 mL/hr using a 20 gtt/mL set.

Calculate the gtt/min rate.

20 × 20 = 6.7 = 7 gtt/min 60 To infuse 50 mL at 20 mL/hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 7 gtt/min.

Problems 18.5 (page 279)

1. A volume of 2000 mL to infuse in 24 hr on a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL Convert 2000 mL/24 hr to mL/hr (60 min).

2000 mL ÷ 24 hr = 83.3 = 83 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

83 (mL) × 15 (gtt/mL) = 20.75 = 21 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 2000 mL in 24 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 21 gtt/min.

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2. A volume of 300 mL to infuse in 6 hr on a 60 gtt/mL microdrip set Convert 300 mL/6 hr to mL/hr (60 min).

300 mL ÷ 6 hr = 50 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

50 (mL) × 60 (gtt/mL) = 50 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 300 mL in 6 hr using a 60 gtt/mL microdrip set, set the rate at 50 gtt/min.

3. A volume of 500 mL to infuse in 4 hr on a 15 gtt/mL calibrated set Convert 500 mL/4 hr to mL/hr (60 min).

500 mL ÷ 4 hr = 125 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

125 (mL) × 15 (gtt/mL) = 31.25 = 31 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 500 mL in 4 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 31 gtt/min.

4. A 10 hr infusion of 1200 mL using a 20 gtt/mL set Convert 1200 mL/10 hr to mL/hr (60 min).

1200 mL ÷ 10 hr = 120 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

120 (mL) × 20 (gtt/mL) = 40 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 1200 mL in 10 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 40 gtt/min.

5. An infusion of 500 mL in 5 hr on a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL Convert 500 mL/5 hr to mL/hr (60 min).

500 mL ÷ 5 hr = 100 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

100 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) = 16.6 = 17 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 500 mL in 5 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 17 gtt/min.

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6. A 2000 mL volume to infuse in 18 hr using a 20 gtt/mL set Convert 2000 mL/18 hr to mL/hr (60 min).

2000 mL ÷ 18 hr = 111.1 = 111 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

111 (mL) × 20 (gtt/mL) = 37 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 2000 mL in 18 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 37 gtt/min.

7. A 10 gtt/mL set to infuse 400 mL in 4 hr Convert 400 mL/4 hr to mL/hr (60 min).

400 mL ÷ 4 hr = 100 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

100 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) = 16.6 = 17 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 400 mL in 4 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 17 gtt/min.

8. An 8 hr infusion of 1500 mL to use a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL Convert 1500 mL/8 hr to mL/hr (60 min).

1500 mL ÷ 8 hr = 187.5 = 188 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

188 (mL) × 15 (gtt/mL) = 47 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 1500 mL in 8 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 47 gtt/min.

9. A volume of 250 mL to infuse in 2 hr using a 20 gtt/mL set Convert 250 mL/2 hr to mL/hr (60 min).

250 mL ÷ 2 hr = 125 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

125 (mL) × 20 (gtt/mL) = 41.6 = 42 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 250 mL in 2 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 42 gtt/min.

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10. A 5 hr infusion of 750 mL using a 10 gtt/mL set Convert 750 mL/5 hr to mL/hr (60 min).

750 mL ÷ 5 hr = 150 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

150 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) = 25 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 750 mL in 5 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 25 gtt/min.

Problems 18.6 (page 280)

1. 20 gtt/mL Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 20 = 3 2. 15 gtt/mL Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 15 = 4 3. 60 gtt/mL Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 60 = 1 4. 10 gtt/mL Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 10 = 6 Problems 18.7 (page 280)

1. A rate of 110 mL/hr uses a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL. Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 20 = 3 Calculate the flow rate.

110 ÷ 3 = 36.6 = 37 gtt/min

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2. A set is calibrated at 15 gtt/mL. Infuse at 130 mL/hr.

Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 15 = 4 Calculate the flow rate.

130 ÷ 4 = 32.5 = 33 gtt/min 3. Infuse 150 mL/hr using a 10 gtt/mL set.

Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 10 = 6 Calculate the flow rate.

150 ÷ 6 = 25 gtt/min 4. A set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL is used to infuse 45 mL/hr.

Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 20 = 3 Calculate the flow rate.

45 ÷ 3 = 15 gtt/min 5. A 75 mL/hr volume with a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL. Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 15 = 4 Calculate the flow rate.

75 ÷ 4 = 18.7 = 19 gtt/min

6. A rate of 130 mL/hr using a 10 gtt/mL set Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 10 = 6 Calculate the flow rate.

130 ÷ 6 = 21.6 = 22 gtt/min

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7. A 200 mL rate using a 15 gtt/mL set Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 15 = 4 Calculate the flow rate.

200 ÷ 4 = 50 gtt/min 8. A rate of 120 mL/hr using a 10 gtt/mL set Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 10 = 6 Calculate the flow rate.

120 ÷ 6 = 20 gtt/min 9. A 100 mL/hr rate using a 20 gtt/mL set Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 20 = 3 Calculate the flow rate.

100 ÷ 3 = 33.3 = 33 gtt/min 10. A rate of 125 mL/hr using a 15 gtt/mL set Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 15 = 4 Calculate the flow rate.

125 ÷ 4 = 31.2 = 31 gtt/min

Problems 18.8 (page 281)

Calculate gtt/min rates for a microdrip.

1. 120 mL/hr Because the set calibration is 60 and the division factor is based on 60 min (1 hr), the division factor is 1.

60 ÷ 60 = 1 120 mL ÷ 1 = 120 gtt/min

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2. 90 mL/hr Because the set calibration is 60 and the division factor is based on 60 min (1 hr), the division factor is 1.

60 ÷ 60 = 1 90 mL ÷ 1 = 90 gtt/min 3. 100 mL/hr Because the set calibration is 60 and the division factor is based on 60 min (1 hr), the division factor is 1.

60 ÷ 60 = 1 100 mL ÷ 1 = 100 gtt/min 4. 75 mL/hr Because the set calibration is 60 and the division factor is based on 60 min (1 hr), the division factor is 1.

60 ÷ 60 = 1 75 mL ÷ 1 = 75 gtt/min 5. 80 mL/hr Because the set calibration is 60 and the division factor is based on 60 min (1 hr), the division factor is 1.

60 ÷ 60 = 1 80 mL ÷ 1 = 80 gtt/min 6. 110 mL/hr Because the set calibration is 60 and the division factor is based on 60 min (1 hr), the division factor is 1.

60 ÷ 60 = 1 110 mL ÷ 1 = 110 gtt/min 7. 60 mL/hr Because the set calibration is 60 and the division factor is based on 60 min (1 hr), the division factor is 1.

60 ÷ 60 = 1 60 mL ÷ 1 = 60 gtt/min 8. 45 mL/hr Because the set calibration is 60 and the division factor is based on 60 min (1 hr), the division factor is 1.

60 ÷ 60 = 1 45 mL ÷ 1 = 45 gtt/min

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9. 70 mL/hr Because the set calibration is 60 and the division factor is based on 60 min (1 hr), the division factor is 1.

60 ÷ 60 = 1 70 mL ÷ 1 = 70 gtt/min 10. 130 mL/hr Because the set calibration is 60 and the division factor is based on 60 min (1 hr), the division factor is 1.

60 ÷ 60 = 1 130 mL ÷ 1 = 130 gtt/min

Problems 18.9 (page 282)

1. The 15 sec count of an IV flow rate is 7 gtt. A 29 gtt/min rate is required. Is this rate correct?

Calculate the 15 sec count.

29 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 7.25 = 7 gtt/15 sec Yes, 7 gtt is correct.

2. You are to regulate a newly started IV to deliver 67 gtt/min. Using a 15 sec count, how would you set the flow rate?

Calculate the 15 sec count.

67 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 16.7 = 17 gtt/15 sec Adjust the rate to 17 gtt/15 sec.

3. An IV is to run at 48 gtt/min. What must the 15 sec drip rate be?

Calculate the 15 sec count.

48 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 12 gtt/15 sec Adjust the rate to 12 gtt/15 sec.

4. How many gtt will you count in 15 sec if the rate is 55 gtt/min?

Calculate the 15 sec count.

55 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 13.7 = 14 gtt/15 sec Adjust the rate to 14 gtt/15 sec.

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5. An IV is to run at 84 gtt/min. What will the 15 sec rate be?

Calculate the 15 sec count.

84 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 21 gtt/15 sec Adjust the rate to 21 gtt/15 sec.

6. What must the 15 sec count be to infuse 80 gtt/min?

Calculate the 15 sec count.

80 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 20 gtt/15 sec Adjust the rate to 20 gtt/15 sec.

7. A 110 gtt/min rate is ordered. What must the 15 sec count be?

Calculate the 15 sec count.

110 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 27.5 = 28 gtt/15 sec Adjust the rate to 28 gtt/15 sec.

8. A 100 gtt/min rate is ordered. What must the 15 sec count be?

Calculate the 15 sec count.

100 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 25 gtt/15 sec The count must be 25 gtt/15 sec.

9. A rate of 90 gtt/min is ordered. Is a count of 15 gtt in 15 sec correct?

Calculate the 15 sec count.

90 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 22.5 = 23 gtt/15 sec No, 15 gtt is too slow.

10. An IV is infusing at a rate of 30 gtt in 15 sec. A rate of 120 gtt/min was ordered. Is this rate correct?

Calculate the 15 sec count.

120 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 30 gtt/15 sec Yes, 30 gtt is correct.

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Problems 18.10 (page 283)

1. An IV to be run at a rate of 48 gtt/min Calculate the 30 sec count.

48 gtt / min ÷ 2 = 24 gtt/30 sec Adjust the rate to 24 gtt/30 sec.

2. An IV ordered to infuse at 52 gtt/min Calculate the 30 sec count.

52 gtt / min ÷ 2 = 26 gtt/30 sec Adjust the rate to 26 gtt/30 sec.

3. An IV to infuse at 120 gtt/min Calculate the 30 sec count.

120 gtt / min ÷ 2 = 60 gtt/30 sec Adjust the rate to 60 gtt/30 sec.

4. An infusion rate of 90 gtt/min Calculate the 30 sec count.

90 gtt / min ÷ 2 = 45 gtt/30 sec Adjust the rate to 45 gtt/30 sec.

5. An IV to infuse at 100 gtt/min Calculate the 30 sec count.

100 gtt / min ÷ 2 = 50 gtt/30 sec Adjust the rate to 50 gtt/30 sec.

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Problems 18.11 (page 285)

1. An IV of 500 mL was ordered to infuse in 3 hr using a 15 gtt/mL set. With 1½ hr remaining, you discover that only 150 mL is left in the bag. At what rate will you need to reset the flow?

Time remaining: 1.5 hr Volume remaining: 150 mL 150 mL ÷ 1.5 hr = 100 mL/hr

The set calibration is 15 gtt/mL.

100 ÷ 4 (division factor) = 25 gtt/min Set the rate to 25 gtt/min.

2. An IV of 1000 mL was scheduled to run in 12 hr. After 4 hr, only 220 mL have infused. The set calibration is 20 gtt/mL. Recalculate the rate for the remaining solution.

Time remaining: 12 hr − 4 hr = 8 hr Volume remaining: 1000 mL − 220 mL = 780 mL

780 mL ÷ 8 hr = 97.5 = 98 mL/hr The set calibration is 20 gtt/mL. 98 ÷ 3 (division factor) = 32.6 = 33 gtt/min Set the rate to 33 gtt/min.

3. An IV of 1000 mL was ordered to infuse in 8 hr. With 3 hr of infusion time left, you discover that 600 mL have infused. The set delivers 20 gtt/mL. Recalculate the drip rate, and indicate how many drops you will count in 15 sec to set the new rate.

Time remaining: 3 hr Volume remaining: 1000 mL − 600 mL = 400 mL

400 mL ÷ 3 hr = 133.3 = 133 mL/hr The set calibration is 20 gtt/mL.

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133 ÷ 3 (division factor) = 44.3 gtt/min = 44 gtt/min Calculate the 15 second count.

44 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 11 gtt/15 sec The new rate is 44 gtt/min or 11 gtt/15 sec.

4. An IV of 750 mL was ordered to run in 6 hr with a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL. After 2 hr, you notice that 300 mL have infused. Recalculate the flow rate, and indicate how many drops you will count in 15 sec to reset the rate.

Time remaining: 6 hr − 2 hr = 4 hr Volume remaining: 750 mL − 300 mL = 450 mL

450 mL ÷ 4 hr = 112.5 = 113 mL/hr The set calibration is 10 gtt/mL. 113 ÷ 6 (division factor) = 18.8 = 19 gtt/min Calculate the 15 second count.

19 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 4.8 = 5 gtt/15 sec The new rate is 19 gtt/min or 4–5 gtt/15 sec.

5. An IV of 800 mL was started at 9 am to infuse in 4 hr. At 10 am, 150 mL have infused. The set is calibrated at 15 gtt/mL. Recalculate the flow rate in gtt/min.

Time infused: 10 am − 9 am = 1 hr Time remaining: 4 hr − 1 hr = 3 hr Volume remaining: 800 mL − 150 mL = 650 mL 650 mL ÷ 3 hr = 216.6 = 217 mL/hr

The set calibration is 15 gtt/mL.

217 ÷ 4 (division factor) = 54.2 = 54 gtt/min The new rate is 54 gtt/min.

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6. An IV of 600 mL was to infuse in 5 hr. After 2 hr, 400 mL have infused. Recalculate the gtt/min rate to complete on time. A 20 gtt/mL set is being used.

Time remaining: 5 hr − 2 hr = 3 hr Volume remaining: 600 mL − 400 mL = 200 mL 200 mL ÷ 3 hr = 66.6 = 67 mL/hr The set calibration is 20 gtt/mL. 67 ÷ 3 (division factor) = 22.3 = 22 gtt/min The new rate is 22 gtt/min.

7. A volume of 250 mL was to infuse in 2 hr. With 1 hr left, 70 mL have infused. Calculate a new gtt/min rate to complete on time using a 15 gtt/mL set.

Time remaining: 1 hr Volume remaining: 250 mL − 70 mL = 180 mL 180 mL ÷ 1 hr = 180 mL/hr

The set calibration is 15 gtt/mL. 180 ÷ 4 (division factor) = 45 gtt/min The new rate is 45 gtt/min.

8. An infiltrated IV is restarted with a volume of 420 mL to complete in 3 hr. Calculate the gtt/min rate for a 20 gtt/mL set. What will the new 30 sec count be?

420 mL ÷ 3 hr = 140 mL/hr

The set calibration is 20 gtt/mL. 140 ÷ 3 (division factor) = 46.6 = 47 gtt/min Calculate the 30 sec count.

47 gtt / min ÷ 2 = 23.5 = 24 gtt/30 sec The new rate is 47 gtt/min or 23–24 gtt/30 sec.

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9. After 1 hr 30 min, 350 mL of a 1000 mL IV has infused. It was ordered to complete in 4 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL. Calculate the gtt/min rate to complete on time.

Time remaining: 4 hr − 1.5 hr = 2.5 hr Volume remaining: 1000 mL − 350 mL = 650 mL 650 mL ÷ 2.5 hr = 260 mL/hr

The set calibration is 15 gtt/mL. 260 ÷ 4 (division factor) = 65 gtt/min The new rate is 65 gtt/min.

10. A total of 300 mL of an ordered 1000 mL in 10 hr infusion has completed in 4.5 hr. The set calibration is 15 gtt/mL. What gtt/min rate is necessary to complete on time? Calculate the 15 sec count to deliver this rate.

Time remaining: 10 hr − 4.5 hr = 5.5 hr Volume remaining: 1000 mL − 300 mL = 700 mL 700 mL ÷ 5.5 hr = 127.2 = 127 mL/hr

The set calibration is 15 gtt/mL. 127 ÷ 4 (division factor) = 31.7 = 32 gtt/min Calculate the 15 sec count.

32 gtt / min ÷ 4 = 8 gtt/15 sec The new rate is 32 gtt/min or 8 gtt/15 sec.

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Chapter 18 Summary Self-Test (page 287)

1 a) 60 gtt/mL Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 60 = 1 1 b) 15 gtt/mL Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 15 = 4 1 c) 20 gtt/mL Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 20 = 3 1 d) 10 gtt/mL Calculate the division factor.

60 ÷ 10 = 6 2. The flow rate is determined by: mL/hr ÷ division factor 3. To use the division factor method, the volume must be expressed in mL/hr or mL/60 min.

4. An IV is to infuse at 50 gtt/min. How will you set it using a 15 sec count?

50 gtt/min ÷ 4 = 12.5 = 13 gtt/15 sec 5. You are to adjust an IV at a rate of 60 gtt/min. What will the 15 sec count be?

60 gtt/min ÷ 4 = 15 gtt/15 sec 6. An infusion of 2000 mL has been ordered to run 16 hr. The set calibration is 10 gtt/mL. Convert 2000 mL/16 hr to mL/hr.

2000 mL ÷ 16 hr = 125 mL/hr Convert 125 mL/hr to mL/min.

125 mL ÷ 60 min = 2.08 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 2.08 mL/min.

10 gtt X gtt = 20.8 gtt = 21 gtt = 1 mL 2.08 mL

or

10 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 2.08 mL

X = 20.8 gtt = 21 gtt

To infuse 2000 mL in 16 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 21 gtt/min.

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7. The order is for 500 mL in 8 hr. The set is calibrated at 15 gtt/mL. Convert 500 mL/8 hr to mL/hr.

500 mL ÷ 8 hr = 62.5 = 63 mL/hr Convert 63 mL/hr to mL/min.

63 mL ÷ 60 min = 1.05 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 1.05 mL/min.

15 gtt X gtt = 15.7 gtt = 16 gtt = 1 mL 1.05 mL

15 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 1.05 mL

or

X = 15.7 gtt = 16 gtt

To infuse 500 mL in 8 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 16 gtt/min.

8. Administer 150 mL in 3 hr. A microdrip is used.

Convert 150 mL/3 hr to mL/hr.

150 mL ÷ 3 hr = 50 mL/hr Convert 50 mL/hr to mL/min.

50 mL ÷ 60 min = 0.83 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 0.83 mL/min.

60 gtt X gtt = 49.8 = 50 gtt = 1 mL 0.83 mL

or

60 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 0.83 mL

X = 49.8 = 50 gtt

To infuse 150 mL in 3 hr using a microdrip, set the rate at 50 gtt/min.

9. 1500 mL has been ordered to infuse in 12 hr. Set calibration is 20 gtt/mL. Convert 1500 mL/12 hr to mL/hr.

1500 mL ÷ 12 hr = 125 mL/hr Convert 125 mL/hr to mL/min.

125 mL ÷ 60 min = 2.08 mL/min Calculate the gtt/min rate for 2.08 mL/min.

20 gtt X gtt = 41.6 = 42 gtt = 1 mL 2.08 mL

or

20 gtt : 1 mL = X gtt : 2.08 mL

X = 41.6 = 42 gtt

To infuse 1500 mL in 12 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 42 gtt/min.

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10. An IV medication of 30 mL is to be administered in 30 min using a 15 gtt/mL set.

30 (mL) × 15 (gtt/mL) 30 (min) Calculate the gtt/min rate.

30 × 15 = 15 gtt/min 30 To infuse 30 mL in 30 min using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 15 gtt/min.

11. Administer 100 mL in 1 hr using a 15 gtt/mL set.

Convert the hr to min.

100 (mL) × 15 (gtt/mL) 60 (min) Calculate the gtt/min rate.

100 × 15 = 25 gtt/min 60 To infuse 100 mL in 60 min (1 hr) using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 25 gtt/min.

12. Infuse 500 mL in 6 hr. Set calibration is 10 gtt/mL. Convert 500 mL/6 hr to mL/hr.

500 mL ÷ 6 hr = 83.3 = 83 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

83 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) = 13.8 = 14 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 500 mL in 6 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 14 gtt/min.

13. The order is to infuse a liter in 10 hr. At the end of 8 hr, you notice that there are 500 mL left. What would the new flow rate need to be to finish on schedule if the set calibration is 10 gtt/mL? Time remaining: 10 hr − 8 hr = 2 hr Volume remaining: 500 mL 500 mL ÷ 2 hr = 250 mL/hr

The set calibration is 10 gtt/mL.

250 ÷ 6 (division factor) = 41.6 = 42 gtt/min The new rate is 42 gtt/min.

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14. An IV was started at 9 am with orders to infuse 500 mL in 6 hr. At noon, the IV infiltrated with 350 mL left in the bag. At 1 pm, the IV was restarted. The set calibration is 20 gtt/mL. Calculate the new flow rate to deliver the infusion on time.

Time infused: 9 am −1 pm = 4 hr Time remaining: 6 hr − 4 hr = 2 hr Volume remaining: 350 mL 350 mL ÷ 2 hr = 175 mL/hr

The set calibration is 20 gtt/mL. 175 ÷ 3 (division factor) = 58.3 = 58 gtt/min The new rate is 58 gtt/min.

15. A 50 mL IV is to infuse in 15 min. The set calibration is 15 gtt/mL. After 5 min the IV contains 40 mL. Calculate the flow rate to deliver the volume on time.

Time remaining: 15 min − 5 min = 10 min Volume remaining: 40 mL 40 mL ÷ 10 min = 4 mL/min 4 mL/min × 60 min/hr = 240 mL/hr The set calibration is 15 gtt/mL.

240 ÷ 4 (division factor) = 60 gtt/min The new rate is 60 gtt/min.

16. An IV of 1000 mL is ordered to run at 25 mL/hr using a microdrip set.

Calculate the division factor: 60 ÷ 60 = 1 Calculate the flow rate: 25 ÷ 1 = 25 gtt/min

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17. An infusion of 800 mL has been ordered to run in 5 hr. Set calibration is 10 gtt/mL. Convert 800 mL/5 hr to mL/hr.

800 mL ÷ 5 hr = 160 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

160 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) = 26.6 = 27 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 800 mL in 5 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 27 gtt/min.

18. Administer 1500 mL in 8 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL. Convert 1500 mL/8 hr to mL/hr.

1500 mL ÷ 8 hr = 187.5 = 188 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

188 (mL) × 20 (gtt/mL) = 62.6 = 63 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 1500 mL in 8 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 63 gtt/min.

19. The order is for 750 mL to run in 6 hr. The set calibration is 15 gtt/mL. Convert 750 mL/6 hr to mL/hr.

750 mL ÷ 6 hr = 125 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

125 (mL) × 15 (gtt/mL) = 31.2 = 31 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 750 mL in 6 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 31 gtt/min.

20. An IV of 1000 mL was ordered to run in 8 hr. After 4 hr, only 250 mL have infused. The set calibration is 20 gtt/mL. Recalculate the rate for the remaining solution to complete on time.

Time remaining: 8 hr − 4 hr = 4 hr Volume remaining: 1000 mL − 250 mL = 750 mL 750 mL ÷ 4 hr = 187.5 = 188 mL/hr

The set calibration is 20 gtt/mL. 188 ÷ 3 (division factor) = 62.6 = 63 gtt/min The new rate is 63 gtt/min.

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21. The order is to infuse 50 mL in 1 hr. The set calibration is a microdrip.

Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

50 (mL) × 60 (gtt/mL) = 50 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 50 mL in 1 hr using a microdrip, set the rate at 50 gtt/min.

22. An IV of 500 mL is to infuse in 6 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL. Convert 500 mL/6 hr to mL/hr.

500 mL ÷ 6 hr = 83.3 = 83 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

83 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) = 13.8 = 14 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 500 mL in 6 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 14 gtt/min.

23. Infuse 120 mL in 1 hr. Set calibration is 10 gtt/mL. Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

120 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) = 20 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 1200 mL in 1 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 20 gtt/min.

24. Administer 12 mL in 22 min using a microdrip set.

Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

12 (mL) × 60 (gtt/mL) = 32.7 = 33 gtt/min 22 (min) To infuse 12 mL in 22 min using a microdrip, set the rate at 33 gtt/min.

25. A patient is to receive 3000 mL in 20 hr. Set is calibrated at 20 gtt/mL. Convert 3000 mL/20 hr to mL/hr.

3000 mL ÷ 20 hr = 150 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

150 (mL) × 20 (gtt/mL) = 50 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 3000 mL in 20 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 50 gtt/min.

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26. Infuse 1 liter in 5 hr using a set calibration of 15 gtt/mL. Convert 1 L to mL. 1 L = 1000 mL Convert 1000 mL/5 hr to mL/hr.

1000 mL ÷ 5 hr = 200 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

200 (mL) × 15 (gtt/mL) = 50 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 1000 mL (1 L) in 5 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 50 gtt/min.

27. A total of 1180 mL is to infuse in 12 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL. Convert 1180 mL/12 hr to mL/hr.

1180 mL ÷ 12 hr = 98.3 = 98 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

98 (mL) × 20 (gtt/mL) = 32.6 = 33 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 1180 mL in 12 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 33 gtt/min.

28. A volume of 150 mL is to infuse in 30 min. At the end of 20 min, you discover that 100 mL have infused. The set calibration is 10 gtt/mL. Should the flow rate be adjusted? If so, what is the new rate?

Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

150 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) = 50 gtt/min 30 (min) Time remaining: 30 min − 20 min = 10 min Volume remaining: 150 mL − 100 mL = 50 mL New gtt/min flow rate:

50 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) = 50 gtt/min 10 (min)

No, the rate is correct at 50 gtt/min.

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29. The order is for 1000 mL in 5 hr. The set calibration is 20 gtt/mL. Convert 1000 mL/5 hr to mL/hr.

1000 mL ÷ 5 hr = 200 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

200 (mL) × 20 (gtt/mL) = 66.7 = 67 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 1000 mL in 5 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 67 gtt/min.

30. Infuse 15 mL in 14 min using a 20 gtt/mL set.

Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

15 (mL) × 20 (gtt/mL) = 21.4 = 21 gtt/min 14 (min) 31. The order is for 1000 mL in 10 hr using a 20 gtt/mL calibration.

Convert 1000 mL/10 hr to mL/hr.

1000 mL ÷ 10 hr = 100 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

100 (mL) × 20 (gtt/mL) = 33.3 = 33 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 1000 mL in 10 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 33 gtt/min.

32. A microdrip is used to administer 12 mL in 17 min.

Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

12 (mL) × 60 (gtt/mL) = 42.3 = 42 gtt/min 17 (min) 33. Infuse 2750 mL in 20 hr using a 10 gtt/mL set.

Convert 2750 mL/20 hr to mL/hr.

2750 mL ÷ 20 hr = 137.5 = 138 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

138 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) = 23 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 1000 mL in 10 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 23 gtt/min.

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34. An IV of 1800 mL is to infuse in 15 hr using a 15 gtt/mL set.

Convert 1800 mL/15 hr to mL/hr.

1800 mL ÷ 15 hr = 120 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

120 (mL) × 15 (gtt/mL) = 30 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 1800 mL in 15 hr using a set calibrated at 15 gtt/mL, set the rate at 30 gtt/min.

35. Infuse 600 mL in 6 hr with a 10 gtt/mL set.

Convert 600 mL/6 hr to mL/hr.

600 mL ÷ 6 hr = 100 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

100 (mL) × 10 (gtt/mL) = 16.6 = 17 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 600 mL in 6 hr using a set calibrated at 10 gtt/mL, set the rate at 17 gtt/min.

36. Administer 22 mL in 18 min using a microdrip set.

Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

22 (mL) × 60 (gtt/mL) = 73.3 = 73 gtt/min 18 (min) 37. An order of 1800 mL is to infuse in 10 hr. The set calibration is 20 gtt/mL. Convert 1800 mL/10 hr to mL/hr.

1800 mL ÷ 10 hr = 180 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

180 (mL) × 20 (gtt/mL) = 60 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 1800 mL in 10 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 60 gtt/min.

38. Infuse 8 mL in 9 min using a microdrip.

Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

8 (mL) × 60 (gtt/mL) = 53.3 = 53 gtt/min 9 (min)

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39. Infuse 4000 mL in 20 hr. A 20 gtt/mL set is used.

Convert 4000 mL/20 hr to mL/hr.

4000 mL ÷ 20 hr = 200 mL/hr Calculate the gtt/min flow rate.

200 (mL) × 20 (gtt/mL) = 66.6 = 67 gtt/min 60 (min) To infuse 4000 mL in 20 hr using a set calibrated at 20 gtt/mL, set the rate at 67 gtt/min.

40. An IV of 500 mL that was to infuse in 2 hr is discovered to have only 150 mL left after 30 min.

Recalculate the flow rate. The set calibration is 15 gtt/mL. Time remaining 2 hr − 30 min = 1 hr 30 min = 1.5 hr Volume remaining: 150 mL 150 mL ÷ 1.5 hr = 100 mL/hr

The set calibration is 15 gtt/mL.

100 ÷ 4 (division factor) = 25 gtt/min The new rate is 25 gtt/min.

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Problems 19.1 (page 290) 1. An IV of 900 mL to infuse at 80 mL/hr Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 900 ÷ 80 mL/hr = 11.25 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.25.

60 min × 0.25 = 15 min The infusion time is 11 hr 15 min.

2. A volume of 250 mL is to infuse at 30 mL/hr Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 250 ÷ 30 mL/hr = 8.33 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.33.

60 min × 0.33 = 19.8 = 20 min The infusion time is 8 hr 20 min.

3. An infusion of 180 mL to run at 25 mL/hr Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 180 ÷ 25 mL/hr = 7.2 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.2.

60 min × 0.2 = 12 min The infusion time is 7 hr 12 min.

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4. A volume of 1000 mL ordered at 60 mL/hr Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 1000 ÷ 60 mL/hr = 16.666 = 16.67 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.67.

60 min × 0.67 = 40.2 = 40 min The infusion time is 16 hr 40 min.

5. An IV of 150 mL to infuse at 80 mL/hr Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 150 ÷ 80 mL/hr = 1.875 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.875.

60 min × 0.875 = 52.5 = 53 min The infusion time is 1 hr 53 min.

6. An infusion of 1000 mL at 125 mL/hr Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 1000 ÷ 125 mL/hr = 8 hr

The infusion time is 8 hr.

7. A rate of 120 mL/hr for 500 mL Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 500 ÷ 120 mL/hr = 4.16 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.875.

60 min × 0.16 = 9.6 = 10 min The infusion time is 4 hr 10 min.

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8. A volume of 800 mL at 60 mL/hr Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 800 ÷ 60 mL/hr = 13.33 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.33.

60 min × 0.33 = 19.8 = 20 min The infusion time is 13 hr 20 min.

9. An IV of 250 mL at 80 mL/hr Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 250 ÷ 80 mL/hr = 3.125 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.125.

60 min × 0.125 = 7.5 = 8 min The infusion time is 3 hr 8 min.

10. A rate of 135 mL/hr for 750 mL Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 750 ÷ 135 mL/hr = 5.555 = 5.56 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.56.

60 min × 0.56 = 33.6 = 34 min The infusion time is 5 hr 34 min.

Problems 19.2 (page 292) 1. An IV started at 0415 to infuse in 1 hr 30 min Add the infusion time to the start time.

0415 +

130 0545

The completion time is 0545.

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2. An infusion started at 1735 to complete in 2 hr 40 min Add the infusion time to the start time.

1735 +

240 1975

Change the 75 min to 1 hr 15 min = 2015.

The completion time is 2015.

3. An IV to complete in 1 hr 14 min that was started at 0025 Add the infusion time to the start time.

0025 + 114 0139

The completion time is 0139.

4. An IV started at 2300 to complete in 3 hr 40 min Add the infusion time to the start time.

2300 +

340 2640

Deduct 24 hr from 2640 = 0240.

The completion time is 0240.

5. An infusion time of 6 hr 20 min for an infusion started at 0325 Add the infusion time to the start time.

0325 + 620 0945

The completion time is 0945.

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6. An IV started at 0445 to complete in 3 hr 20 min Add the infusion time to the start time.

0445 +

320 0765

Change the 65 min to 1 hr 5 min = 0805.

The completion time is 0805.

7. A medication infusion started at 0740 to complete in 90 min Add the minutes first: 40 min + 90 min = 130 min = 2 hr 10 min Then, add the hours: 7 hr + 2 hr 10 min = 0910 The completion time is 0910.

8. An IV medication started at 1247 to complete in 45 min Add the infusion time to the start time.

1247 + 45 1292

Change the 92 min to 1 hr 32 min = 1332.

The completion time is 1332.

9. An IV started at 1430 to complete in 4 hr Add the infusion time to the start time.

1430 +

400 1830

The completion time is 1830.

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10. An IV started at 1605 to complete in 3 hr 30 min Add the infusion time to the start time.

1605 +

330 1935

The completion time is 1935.

Problems 19.3 (page 293) 1. An IV started at 4:40 am that has an infusion time of 9 hr 42 min Add the 9 hr 42 min infusion time to the 4:40 am start time.

4 : 40 am +

9 : 42 13 : 82

Change the 82 min to 1 hr 22 min = 14:22.

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 2:22 pm.

2. An IV medication started at 7:30 am that has an infusion time of 45 min Add the 45 min infusion time to the 7:30 am start time.

7 : 30 am +

: 45 7 : 75

Change the 75 min to 1 hr 15 min = 8:15 am.

3. An IV with an infusion time of 7 hr 7 min that was restarted at 10:42 am Add the 7 hr and 7 min infusion time to the 10:42 am start time.

10 : 42 am + 7 : 07 17 : 49

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 5:49 pm.

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4. An IV with a restart time of 9:07 pm has an infusion time of 6 hr 27 min Add the 6 hr and 27 min infusion time to the 9:07 pm start time.

9 : 07 pm +

6 : 27 15 : 34

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 3:34 am.

5. An IV with an infusion time of 3 hr 30 min was started at 11:49 pm Add the 3 hr and 30 min infusion time to the 11:49 pm start time.

11: 49 pm + 3 : 30 14 : 79

Change the 79 min to 1 hr 19 min = 15:19.

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 3:19 am.

6. An IV started at 2:43 pm to infuse in 40 min Add the 40 min infusion time to the 2:43 pm start time.

2 : 43 pm +

: 40 2 : 83

Change the 83 min to 1 hr 23 min = 3:23 pm.

7. An IV medication started at 10:15 am to complete in 90 min Change the 90 min to 1 hr 30 min and add to the 10:15 am start time.

10 :15 am + 1: 30 11 : 45

The completion time is 11:45 am.

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8. An infusion started at 7:05 pm to complete in 8 hr Add the 8 hr infusion time to the 7:05 pm start time.

7 : 05 pm +

8 : 00 15 : 05

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 3:05 am.

9. An IV started at 5:47 am to complete in 5 hr Add the 5 hr infusion time to the 5:47 am start time.

+

5 : 47 am 5 : 00 10 : 47

The completion time is 10:47 am.

10. An IV started at 4:20 am to complete in 12 hr Add the 12 hr infusion time to the 4:20 am start time.

4 : 20 am + 12 : 00 16 : 20

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 4:20 pm.

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Problems 19.4 (page 296) 1. An IV of 1000 mL was started at 0710 to run at 75 mL/hr.

Label the bag as follows: 1000 mL – 75 mL = 925 mL 925 mL – 75 mL = 850 mL 850 mL – 75 mL = 775 mL 775 mL – 75 mL = 700 mL 700 mL – 75 mL = 625 mL 625 mL – 75 mL = 550 mL 550 mL – 75 mL = 475 mL 475 mL – 75 mL = 400 mL 400 mL – 75 mL = 325 mL 325 mL – 75 mL = 250 mL 250 mL – 75 mL = 175 mL 175 mL – 75 mL = 100 mL 100 mL – 75 mL = 25 mL

Label 925 mL for 0810.

Label 850 mL for 0910.

Label 775 mL for 1010.

Label 700 mL for 1110.

Label 625 mL for 1210.

Label 550 mL for 1310.

Label 475 mL for 1410.

Label 400 mL for 1510.

Label 325 mL for 1610.

Label 250 mL for 1710.

Label 175 mL for 1810.

Label 100 mL for 1910.

Label 25 mL for 2010.

Calculate the infusion time for the remaining 25 mL. 25 mL ÷ 75 mL/mh = 0.33 hr

60 min × 0.33 hr = 20 min 2010 + 20 min = 2030

The completion time is 2030.

The infusion time will run for 13 hr 20 min and the completion time is 2030.

2. A 1000 mL IV has an ordered rate of 125 mL/hr. It was started at 6:30 pm.

Label the bag as follows: 1000 mL – 125 mL = 875 mL 875 mL – 125mL = 750 mL 750 mL – 125 mL = 625 mL 625 mL – 125 mL = 500 mL 500 mL – 125 mL = 375 mL 375 mL – 125 mL = 250 mL 250 mL – 125 mL = 125 mL 125 mL – 125 mL = 0 mL

Label 875 mL for 7:30 pm Label 750 mL for 8:30 pm Label 625 mL for 9:30 pm Label 500 mL for 10:30 pm Label 375 mL for 11:30 pm Label 250 mL for 12:30 am Label 125 mL for 1:30 am Label 0 mL for 2:30 am

The infusion time will run for 8 hr and the completion time is 2:30 am.

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3. The IV of 1000 mL has an ordered rate of 80 mL/hr. It was started at 5:40 am.

Label the bag as follows: 1000 mL – 80 mL = 920 mL 920 mL – 80 mL = 840 mL 840 mL – 80 mL = 760 mL 760 mL – 80 mL = 680 mL 680 mL – 80 mL = 600 mL 600 mL – 80 mL = 520 mL 520 mL – 80 mL = 440 mL 440 mL – 80 mL = 360 mL 360 mL – 80 mL = 280 mL 280 mL – 80 mL = 200 mL 200 mL – 80 mL = 120 mL 120 mL – 80 mL = 40 mL

Label 920 mL for 6:40 am Label 840 mL for 7:40 am Label 760 mL for 8:40 am Label 680 mL for 9:40 am Label 600 mL for 10:40 am Label 520 mL for 11:40 am Label 440 mL for 12:40 pm Label 360 mL for 1:40 pm Label 280 mL for 2:40 pm Label 200 mL for 3:40 pm Label 120 mL for 4:40 pm Label 40 mL for 5:40 pm

Calculate the infusion time for the remaining 40 mL. 40 mL ÷ 80 mL/mh = 0.5 hr 60 min × 0.5 hr = 30 min

5:40 pm + 30 min = 6:10 pm The completion time is 6:10 pm.

The infusion time will run for 12 hr 30 min and the completion time is 6:10 pm.

Chapter 19 Summary Self-Test (page 298)

1. The order is for 50 mL to infuse at 50 mL/hr. The infusion was started at 10:10 am Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 50 ÷ 50 mL/hr = 1 hr

The infusion time is 1 hr.

Add the 1 hr infusion time to the 10:10 am start time.

10 :10 am +

1: 00 11:10

The completion time is 11:10 am.

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2. An infusion of 950 mL is ordered at 80 mL/hr. It was started at 8:02 am.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 950 ÷ 80 mL/hr = 11.875 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.875.

60 min × 0.875 = 52.5 = 53 min The infusion time is 11 hr 53 min.

Add the 11 hr 53 min infusion time to the 8:02 am start time.

8 : 02 am + 11: 53 19 : 55

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 7:55 pm.

3. A total of 280 mL remain in an IV bag. The flow rate is 70 mL/hr. It is now 11:03 am.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 280 ÷ 70 mL/hr = 4 hr

The infusion time is 4 hr.

Add the 4 hr infusion time to the 11:03 am start time.

11: 03 am +

4 : 00 15 : 03

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 3:03 pm.

4. The order is to infuse 500 mL at 90 mL/hr. The IV was started at 2:40 pm.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 500 ÷ 90 mL/hr = 5.555 = 5.56 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.56.

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The infusion time is 5 hr 34 min.

Add the 5 hr 34 min infusion time to the 2:40 pm start time.

2 : 40 pm +

5 : 34 7 : 74

Change the 74 min to 1 hr 14 min = 8:14 pm.

5. An infiltrated IV with 850 mL remaining is restarted at 10 am at a rate of 150 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 850 ÷ 150 mL/hr = 5.666 = 5.67 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.67 60 min × 0.67 = 40.2 = 40 min The infusion time is 5 hr 40 min.

Add the 5 hr 40 min infusion time to the 10 am start time.

10 : 00 am +

5 : 40 15 : 40

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 3:40 pm.

6. At 4:04 am, an IV of 500 mL is started at a rate of 50 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 500 ÷ 50 mL/hr = 10 hr

The infusion time is 10 hr.

Add the 10 hr infusion time to the 4:04 am start time.

4 : 04 am + 10 : 00 14 : 04

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 2:04 pm.

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7. An IV medication with a volume of 150 mL is started at 1:45 pm to infuse at 60 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 150 ÷ 60 mL/hr = 2.5 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.5.

60 min × 0.5 = 30 min The infusion time is 2 hr 30 min.

Add the 2 hr 30 min infusion time to the 1:45 pm start time.

1: 45 pm + 2 : 30 3 : 75

Change the 75 min to 1 hr 15 min for a completion time of 4:15 pm.

8. An IV of 520 mL is restarted at 0420 at a rate of 125 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 520 ÷ 125 mL/hr = 4.16 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.16.

60 min × 0.16 = 9.6 = 10 min The infusion time is 4 hr 10 min.

Add the 4 hr 10 min infusion time to the 0420 start time.

0420 + 410 0830

The completion time is 0830.

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9. It is 12:00 pm and an IV of 900 mL is to infuse at a rate of 100 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 900 ÷ 100 mL/hr = 9 hr

The infusion time is 9 hr.

Add the 9 hr infusion time to the 12:00 pm start time.

12 : 00 pm +

9 : 00 21: 00

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 9:00 pm.

10. An IV of 1000 mL is started at 0550 to infuse at 130 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 1000 ÷ 130 mL/hr = 7.69 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.69.

60 min × 0.69 = 41.4 = 41 min The infusion time is 7 hr 41 min.

Add the 7 hr 41 min infusion time to the 0550 start time.

0550 +

741 1291

Convert the 91 min to 1 hr 31 min for a completion time of 1331.

11. An infusion of 250 mL is started at 11:20 am to infuse at a rate of 20 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 250 ÷ 20 mL/hr = 12.5 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.5.

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The infusion time is 12 hr 30 min.

Add the 12 hr 30 min infusion time to the 11:20 am start time.

11: 20 am + 12 : 30 23 : 50

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 11:50 pm.

12. The flow rate ordered for 1 L is 80 mL/hr. It was started at 8:07 pm.

Convert 1 L to mL. 1 L = 1000 mL Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 1000 ÷ 80 mL/hr = 12.5 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.5.

60 min × 0.5 = 30 min The infusion time is 12 hr 30 min.

Add the 12 hr 30 min infusion time to the 8:07 pm start time.

8 : 07 pm + 12 : 30 20 : 37

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 8:37 am.

13. A 250 mL volume is started at 3:40 pm to be infused at 90 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 250 ÷ 90 mL/hr = 2.77 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.77.

60 min × 0.77 = 46.2 = 46 min The infusion time is 2 hr 46 min.

Add the 2 hr 46 min infusion time to the 3:40 pm start time.

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3 : 40 pm + 2 : 46 5 : 86

Change 86 min to 1 hr 26 min for a completion time of 6:26 pm 14. A medication volume of 100 mL is started at 4:00 pm to infuse at 42 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 100 ÷ 42 mL/hr = 2.38 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.38.

60 min × 0.38 = 22.8 = 23 min The infusion time is 2 hr 23 min.

Add the 2 hr 23 min infusion time to the 4:00 pm start time.

4 : 00 pm + 2 : 23 6 : 23

The completion time is 6:23 pm.

15. At 11:00 pm, 200 mL remain in an IV. The rate is 120 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 200 ÷ 120 mL/hr = 1.66 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.66.

60 min × 0.66 = 39.6 = 40 min The infusion time is 1 hr 40 min.

Add the 1 hr 40 min infusion time to the 11:00 pm start time.

11: 00 pm + 1: 40 12 : 40

The completion time is 12:40 am.

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16. An infusion of 350 mL is to run at 150 mL/hr. It is now 9:47 am.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 350 ÷ 150 mL/hr = 2.33 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.33.

60 min × 0.33 = 19.8 = 20 min The infusion time is 2 hr 20 min.

Add the 2 hr 20 min infusion time to the 9:47 am start time.

+

9 : 47 am 2 : 20 11: 67

Change the 67 min to 1 hr and 7 min for a completion time of 12:07 pm.

17. An IV medication of 25 mL is started at 8:17 am to run at 25 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 25 ÷ 25 mL/hr = 1 hr

The infusion time is 1 hr.

Add the 1 hr infusion time to the 8:17 am start time.

8 :17 am + 1: 00 9 :17

The completion time is 9:17 am.

18. An IV of 425 mL is restarted at 0814 to infuse at 90 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 425 ÷ 90 mL/hr = 4.72 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.72.

60 min × 0.72 = 43.2 = 43 min

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The infusion time is 4 hr 43 min.

Add the 4 hr 43 min infusion time to the 0814 start time.

0814 +

443 1257

The completion time is 1257.

19. At 10:30 pm, there are 180 mL left in an IV that is infusing at 25 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 180 ÷ 25 mL/hr = 7.2 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.2.

60 min × 0.2 = 12 min The infusion time is 7 hr 12 min.

Add the 7 hr 12 min infusion time to the 10:30 pm start time.

10 : 30 pm +

7 :12 17 : 42

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 5:42 am.

20. At 1400, 500 mL is started to run at a rate of 60 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 500 ÷ 60 mL/hr = 8.33 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.33.

60 min × 0.33 = 19.8 = 20 min The infusion time is 8 hr 20 min.

Add the 8 hr 20 min infusion time to the 1400 start time.

1400 +

820 2220

The completion time is 2220.

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21. An infusion of 250 mL is started at 3:04 am to run at 100 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 250 ÷ 100 mL/hr = 2.5 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.5.

60 min × 0.5 = 30 min The infusion time is 2 hr 30 min.

Add the 2 hr 30 min infusion time to the 3:04 am start time.

3 : 04 am + 2 : 30 5 : 34

The completion time is 5:34 am.

22. With 525 mL remaining, a rate change to 108 mL/hr is ordered. It is 2:10 am.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 525 ÷ 108 mL/hr = 4.86 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.86.

60 min × 0.86 = 51.6 = 52 min The infusion time is 4 hr 52 min.

Add the 4 hr 52 min infusion time to the 2:10 am start time.

2 :10 am + 4 : 52 6 : 62

Change the 62 minutes to 1 hr 2 min for a completion time of 7:02 am.

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23. A liter is started at 8:42 am at a rate of 120 mL/hr.

Convert 1 L to mL. 1 L = 1000 mL Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 1000 ÷ 120 mL/hr = 8.33 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.33.

60 min × 0.33 = 19.8 = 20 min The infusion time is 8 hr 20 min.

Add the 8 hr 20 min infusion time to the 8:42 am start time.

8 : 42 am +

8 : 20 16 : 62

Change the 62 minutes to 1 hr 2 min for a time of 17:02.

Subtract 12 hr to make the completion time 5:02 pm.

24. An infusion of 1000 mL is to run at 200 mL/hr. It is started at 6:40 pm.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 1000 ÷ 200 mL/hr = 5 hr

The infusion time is 5 hr.

Add the 5 hr infusion time to the 6:40 pm start time.

6 : 40 pm +

5 : 00 11: 40

The completion time is 11:40 pm.

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25. An IV medication of 100 mL is started at 7:50 am to run at 150 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 100 ÷ 150 mL/hr = 0.666 = 0.67 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.67.

60 min × 0.67 = 40.2 = 40 min The infusion time is 40 min.

Add the 40 min infusion time to the 7:50 am start time.

7 : 50 pm +

: 40 7 : 90

Change the 90 min to 1 hr 30 min for a completion time of 8:30 am.

26. A volume of 500 mL is started at 4:04 pm at a rate of 75 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 500 ÷ 75 mL/hr = 6.666 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.666.

60 min × 0.666 = 39.96 = 40 min The infusion time is 6 hr 40 min.

Add the 6 hr 40 min infusion time to the 4:04 pm start time.

+

4 : 04 pm 6 : 40 10 : 44

The completion time is 10:44 pm.

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27. An IV of 950 mL is restarted at 2:10 am at 100 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 950 ÷ 100 mL/hr = 9.5 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.5 60 min × 0.5 = 30 min The infusion time is 9 hr 30 min.

Add the 9 hr 30 min infusion time to the 2:10 am start time.

2 :10 am +

9 : 30 11: 40

The completion time is 11:40 am.

28. An IV medication of 30 mL is started at 0915 at a rate of 60 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 30 ÷ 60 mL/hr = 0.5 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.5.

60 min × 0.5 = 30 min The infusion time is 30 min.

Add the 30 min infusion time to the 0915 start time.

0915 + 030 0945

The completion time is 0945.

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29. A medication volume of 90 mL was started at 6:15 am to be infused at 90 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 90 ÷ 90 mL/hr = 1 hr

The infusion time is 1 hr.

Add the 1 hr infusion time to the 6:15 am start time.

6 :15 am + 1: 00 7 :15

The completion time is 7:15 am.

30. A rate of 80 mL/hr is set at 4:20 pm to infuse a medication with a volume of 100 mL. Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 100 ÷ 80 mL/hr = 1.25 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.25.

60 min × 0.25 = 15 min The infusion time is 1 hr 15 min.

Add the 1 hr 15 min infusion time to the 4:20 pm start time.

4 : 20 pm +

1:15 5 : 35

The completion time is 5:35 pm.

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31. A volume of 750 mL is started at 0303 at a rate of 96 mL/hr.

Calculate the infusion time using the formula.

Infusion Time = Volume ÷ mL/hr rate 750 ÷ 96 mL/hr = 7.81 hr

Convert the minutes by multiplying 60 min by 0.81.

60 min × 0.81 = 48.6 = 49 min The infusion time is 7 hr 49 min.

Add the 7 hr 49 min infusion time to the 0303 start time.

0303 +

749 1052

The completion time is 1052.

32. Label the bag as follows: 500 mL – 80 mL = 420 mL 420 mL – 80 mL = 340 mL 340 mL – 80 mL = 260 mL 260 mL – 80 mL = 180 mL 180 mL – 80 mL = 100 mL 100 mL – 80 mL = 20 mL

Label 420 mL for 11:47 am Label 340 mL for 12:47 pm Label 260 mL for 1:47 pm Label 180 mL for 2:47 pm Label 100 mL for 3:47 pm Label 20 mL for 4:47 pm

Calculate the infusion time for the remaining 20 mL. 20 mL ÷ 80 mL/hr = 0.25 hr 60 min × 0.25 hr = 15 min

4:47 pm + 15 min = 4:62 pm Change the 62 min to 1 hr 2 min for a completion time of 5:02 pm.

The infusion will run for 6 hr 15 min.

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33. Label the bag as follows: 500 mL – 100 mL = 400 mL 400 mL – 100 mL = 300 mL 300 mL – 100 mL = 200 mL 200 mL – 100 mL = 100 mL 100 mL – 100 mL = 0 mL

Label 400 mL for 1415.

Label 300 mL for 1515.

Label 200 mL for 1615.

Label 100 mL for 1715.

Label 0 mL for 1815.

The infusion will run for 5 hr, and the completion time is 1815.

34. Label the bag as follows: 500 mL – 90 mL = 410 mL 410 mL – 90 mL = 320 mL 320 mL – 90 mL = 230 mL 230 mL – 90 mL = 140 mL 140 mL – 90 mL = 50 mL

Label 410 mL for 3:10 pm Label 320 mL for 4:10 pm Label 230 mL for 5:10 pm Label 140 mL for 6:10 pm Label 50 mL for 7:10 pm

Calculate the infusion time for the remaining 50 mL. 50 mL ÷ 90 mL/hr = 0.555 = 0.56 hr

60 min × 0.56 hr = 33.6 = 34 min

7:10 pm + 34 min = 7:44 pm The infusion will run for 5 hr and 34 min.

The completion time is 7:44 pm 35. Label the bag as follows: 1000 mL – 75 mL = 925 mL 925 mL – 75 mL = 850 mL 850 mL – 75 mL = 775 mL 775 mL – 75 mL = 700 mL 700 mL – 75 mL = 625 mL 625 mL – 75 mL = 550 mL 550 mL – 75 mL = 475 mL 475 mL – 75 mL = 400 mL 400 mL – 75 mL = 325 mL 325 mL – 75 mL = 250 mL 250 mL – 75 mL = 175 mL 175 mL – 75 mL = 100 mL 100 mL – 75 mL = 25 mL

Label 925 mL for 0540.

Label 850 mL for 0640.

Label 775 mL for 0740.

Label 700 mL for 0840.

Label 625 mL for 0940.

Label 550 mL for 1040.

Label 475 mL for 1140.

Label 400 mL for 1240.

Label 325 mL for 1340.

Label 250 mL for 1440.

Label 175 mL for 1540.

Label 100 mL for 1640.

Label 25 mL for 1740.

Calculate the infusion time for the remaining 25 mL.

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25 mL ÷ 75 mL/hr = 0.33 hr 60 min × 0.33 hr = 20 min 1740 + 20 min = 1760

Change the 60 min to 1 hr for a completion time of 1800.

The infusion will run for 13 hr 20 min.

36. Label the bag as follows: 1000 mL – 50 mL = 950 mL 950 mL – 50 mL = 900 mL 900 mL – 50 mL = 850 mL 850 mL – 50 mL = 800 mL 800 mL – 50 mL = 750 mL 750 mL – 50 mL = 700 mL 700 mL – 50 mL = 650 mL 650 mL – 50 mL = 600 mL 600 mL – 50 mL = 550 mL 550 mL – 50 mL = 500 mL 500 mL – 50 mL = 450 mL 450 mL – 50 mL = 400 mL 400 mL – 50 mL = 350 mL 350 mL – 50 mL = 300 mL 300 mL – 50 mL = 250 mL 250 mL – 50 mL = 200 mL 200 mL – 50 mL = 150 mL 150 mL – 50 mL = 100 mL 100 mL – 50 mL = 50 mL 50 mL – 50 mL = 0 mL

Label 950 mL for 0830.

Label 900 mL for 0930.

Label 850 mL for 1030.

Label 800 mL for 1130.

Label 750 mL for 1230.

Label 700 mL for 1330.

Label 650 mL for 1430.

Label 600 mL for 1530.

Label 550 mL for 1630.

Label 500 mL for 1730.

Label 450 mL for 1830.

Label 400 mL for 1930.

Label 350 mL for 2030.

Label 300 mL for 2130.

Label 250 mL for 2230.

Label 200 mL for 2330.

Label 150 mL for 2430.

Label 100 mL for 0130.

Label 50 mL for 0230.

Label 0 mL for 0330.

The completion time is 0330.

The infusion will run for 20 hr.

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37. Label the bag as follows: 1000 mL – 25 mL = 975 mL 975 mL – 25 mL = 950 mL 950 mL – 25 mL = 925 mL 925 mL – 25 mL = 900 mL 900 mL – 25 mL = 875 mL 875 mL – 25 mL = 850 mL 850 mL – 25 mL = 825 mL 825 mL – 25 mL = 800 mL 800 mL – 25 mL = 775 mL 775 mL – 25 mL = 750 mL 750 mL – 25 mL = 725 mL 725 mL – 25 mL = 700 mL 700 mL – 25 mL = 675 mL 675 mL – 25 mL = 650 mL 650 mL – 25 mL = 625 mL 625 mL – 25 mL = 600 mL 600 mL – 25 mL = 575 mL 575 mL – 25 mL = 550 mL 550 mL – 25 mL = 525 mL 525 mL – 25 mL = 500 mL 500 mL – 25 mL = 475 mL 475 mL – 25 mL = 450 mL 450 mL – 25 mL = 425 mL 425 mL – 25 mL = 400 mL 400 mL – 25 mL = 375 mL 375 mL – 25 mL = 350 mL 350 mL – 25 mL = 325 mL 325 mL – 25 mL = 300 mL 300 mL – 25 mL = 275 mL 275 mL – 25 mL = 250 mL 250 mL – 25 mL = 225 mL 225 mL – 25 mL = 200 mL 200 mL – 25 mL = 175 mL 175 mL – 25 mL = 150 mL 150 mL – 25 mL = 125 mL 125 mL – 25 mL = 100 mL 100 mL – 25 mL = 75 mL 75 mL – 25 mL = 50 mL 50 mL – 25 mL = 25 mL 25 mL – 25 mL = 0 mL

Label 975 mL for 7:20 pm Label 950 mL for 8:20 pm Label 925 mL for 9:20 pm Label 900 mL for 10:20 pm Label 875 mL for 11:20 pm Label 850 mL for 12:20 am Label 825 mL for 1:20 am Label 800 mL for 2:20 am Label 775 mL for 3:20 am Label 750 mL for 4:20 am Label 725 mL for 5:20 am Label 700 mL for 6:20 am Label 675 mL for 7:20 am Label 650 mL for 8:20 am Label 625 mL for 9:20 am Label 600 mL for 10:20 am Label 575 mL for 11:20 am Label 550 mL for 12:20 pm Label 525 mL for 1:20 pm Label 500 mL for 2:20 pm Label 475 mL for 3:20 pm Label 450 mL for 4:20 pm Label 425 mL for 5:20 pm Label 400 mL for 6:20 pm Label 375 mL for 7:20 pm Label 350 mL for 8:20 pm Label 325 mL for 9:20 pm Label 300 mL for 10:20 pm Label 275 mL for 11:20 pm Label 250 mL for 12:20 am Label 225 mL for 1:20 am Label 200 mL for 2:20 am Label 175 mL for 3:20 am Label 150 mL for 4:20 am Label 125 mL for 5:20 am Label 100 mL for 6:20 am Label 75 mL for 7:20 am Label 50 mL for 8:20 am Label 25 mL for 9:20 am Label 0 mL for 10:20 am

The completion time is 10:20 am.

The infusion will run for 40 hr.

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38. Label the bag as follows: 500 mL – 50 mL = 450 mL 450 mL – 50 mL = 400 mL 400 mL – 50 mL = 350 mL 350 mL – 50 mL = 300 mL 300 mL – 50 mL = 250 mL 250 mL – 50 mL = 200 mL 200 mL – 50 mL = 150 mL 150 mL – 50 mL = 100 mL 100 mL – 50 mL = 50 mL 50 mL – 50 mL = 0 mL

Label 450 mL for 4:03 am Label 400 mL for 5:03 am Label 350 mL for 6:03 am Label 300 mL for 7:03 am Label 250 mL for 8:03 am Label 200 mL for 9:03 am Label 150 mL for 10:03 am Label 100 mL for 11:03 am Label 50 mL for 12:03 pm Label 0 mL for 1:03 pm

The completion time is 1:03 pm.

The infusion will run for 10 hr.

39. Label the bag as follows: 500 mL – 125 mL = 375 mL 375 mL – 125 mL = 250 mL 250 mL – 125 mL = 125 mL 125 mL – 125 mL = 0 mL

Label 375 mL for 0844.

Label 250 mL for 0944.

Label 125 mL for 1044.

Label 0 mL for 1144.

The completion time is 1144.

The infusion will run for 4 hr.

40. Label the bag as follows: 500 mL – 100 mL = 400 mL 400 mL – 100 mL = 300 mL 300 mL – 100 mL = 200 mL 200 mL – 100 mL = 100 mL 100 mL – 100 mL = 0 mL

Label 400 mL for 2240.

Label 300 mL for 2340.

Label 200 mL for 2440.

Label 100 mL for 0140.

Label 0 mL for 0240.

The infusion will run for 5 hr, and the completion time is 0240.

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Problems 20.1 (page 304) 1. A 20 mg/hr rate is ordered using a 100 mg /100 mL solution strength.

Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

100 mg 20 mg = = 20 mL/hr 100 mL X mL

100 mg : 100 mL = 20 mg : X mL

or

100X = 100 × 20 X = 20 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 20 mL/hr.

2. An IV medication is ordered at a rate of 3 mcg/min. The solution strength is 8 mg in 250 mL. Convert 3 mcg/min to mcg per hr.

3 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 180 mcg/hr Convert 180 mcg to mg to match the 8 mg in the 250 mL solution strength.

180 mcg = 0.18 mg Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

8 mg 0.18 mg = or 250 mL X mL X = 5.6 = 6 mL/hr

8 mg : 250 mL = 0.18 mg : X mL 8X = 250 × 0.18 X = 5.6 mL/hr = 6 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 6 mL/hr.

3. A solution strength of 2 g in 500 mL is used to administer a dosage of 2 mg/min.

Convert 2 mg/min to mg per hr.

2 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 120 mg/hr Convert 2 g to mg to match the 120 mg/hr.

2 g = 2000 mg Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

2000 mg 120 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 30 mL/hr

or

2000 mg : 500 mL = 120 mg : X mL 2000X = 500 × 120 X = 30 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 30 mL/hr.

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4. A rate of 2 mcg/min is ordered. The solution strength is 1 mg/250 mL. Convert 2 mcg/min to mcg per hr.

2 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 120 mcg/hr Convert 120 mcg to mg to match the 1 mg/250 mL. 120 mcg = 0.12 mg Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

1 mg 0.12 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 30 mL/hr

1 mg : 250 mL = 0.12 mg : X mL 1X = 250 × 0.12 X = 30 mL/hr

or

Set the flow rate to 30 mL/hr.

5. A rate of 25 mg/hr is ordered. The solution strength is 125 mg/100 mL. Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

125 mg 25 mg = 100 mL X mL X = 20 mL/hr

25 mg : 100 mL = 25 mg : X mL 125X = 25 × 100 X = 20 mL/hr

or

Set the flow rate to 20 mL/hr.

6. A 50 mg/200 mL solution strength is ordered at a rate of 6 mg/hr.

Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

50 mg 6 mg = 200 mL X mL X = 24 mL/hr

50 mg : 200 mL = 6 mg : X mL 50X = 200 × 6 X = 24 mL/hr

or

Set the flow rate to 24 mL/hr.

7. A solution strength of 75 mg/250 mL is to infuse at 10 mg/hr.

Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

75 mg 10 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 33.3 = 33 mL/hr

75 mg : 250 mL = 10 mg : X mL or

75X = 250 × 10 X = 33.3 = 33 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 33 mL/hr.

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8. A 500 mL/1 g solution is to infuse at 1 mg/min.

Convert 1 mg/min to mg per hr.

1 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 60 mg/hr Convert 1 g to mg to match the 60 mg/hr.

1 g = 1000 mg Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

1000 mg 60 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 30 mL/hr

1000 mg : 500 mL = 60 mg : X mL 1000X = 500 × 60 X = 30 mL/hr

or

Set the flow rate to 30 mL/hr.

9. A 100 mg/250 mL solution is to infuse at 8 mg/hr.

Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

100 mg 8 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 20 mL/hr

or

100 mg : 250 mL = 8 mg : X mL 100X = 250 × 8 X = 20 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 20 mL/hr.

10. A 1g/250 mL solution is to infuse at 150 mg/hr.

Convert 1 g to mg to match the 150 mg/hr.

1 g = 1000 mg Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

1000 mg 150 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 37.5 = 38 mL/hr

or

1000 mg : 250 mL = 150 mg : X mL 1000X = 250 × 150 X = 37.5 = 38 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 38 mL/hr.

Problems 20.2 (page 306)

1. A dosage of 3 mcg/kg/min has been ordered for an 87.4 kg adult. The solution has a strength of 50 mg in 250 mL. Calculate the dosage per min.

3 mcg/kg/min × 87.4 kg = 262.2 mcg/min

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Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

262.2 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 15,732 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

15,732 ÷ 1000 = 15.73 = 15.7 mg/hr Calculate the flow rate.

50 mg 15.7 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 78.5 = 79 mL/hr

50 mg : 250 mL = 15.7 mg : X mL 50X = 250 × 15.7 X = 78.5 = 79 mL/hr

or

Set the flow rate to 79 mL/hr.

2. A dosage has been ordered at 4 mcg/kg/min using a 400 mg/250 mL solution. The body weight is 92.4 kg.

Calculate the dosage per min.

4 mcg/kg/min × 92.4 kg = 369.6 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

369.6 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 22,176 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

22,176 ÷ 1000 = 22.17 = 22.2 mg/hr Calculate the flow rate.

400 mg 22.2 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 13.8 = 14 mL/hr

400 mg : 250 mL = 22.2 mg : X mL or

400X = 250 × 22.2 X = 13.8 = 14 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 14 mL/hr.

3. A dosage of 2.5 mcg/kg/min has been ordered. The solution is 500 mg/250 mL. The body weight is 80.7 kg.

Calculate the dosage per min.

2.5 mcg/kg/min × 80.7 kg = 201.75 = 201.8 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

201.8 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 12,108 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

12,108 ÷ 1000 = 12.10 = 12.1 mg/hr

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Calculate the flow rate.

500 mg 12.1 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 6.05 = 6 mL/hr

500 mg : 250 mL = 12.1 mg : X mL 500X = 250 × 12.1 X = 6.05 = 6 mL/hr

or

Set the flow rate to 6 mL/hr.

4. A dosage of 150 mcg/kg/min has been ordered for a body weight of 92.1 kg. The solution strength is 2.5 g/250 mL. Calculate the dosage per min.

150 mcg/kg/min × 92.1 kg = 13,815 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

13,815 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 828,900 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

828,900 ÷ 1000 = 828.9 mg/hr Convert 2.5 g to mg.

2.5 g = 2500 mg Calculate the flow rate.

2500 mg 828.9 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 82.8 = 83 mL/hr

or

2500 mg : 250 mL = 828.9 mg : X mL 2500X = 250 × 828.9 X = 82.8 = 83 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 83 mL/hr.

5. A 5 mcg/kg/min dosage is ordered for a body weight of 80.3 kg. The solution strength is 1 g/100 mL. Calculate the dosage per min.

5 mcg/kg/min × 80.3 kg = 401.5 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

401.5 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 24,090 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

24,900 ÷ 1000 = 24.09 = 24.1 mg/hr Convert 1 g to mg.

1 g = 1000 mg

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Calculate the flow rate.

1000 mg 24.1 mg = 100 mL X mL X = 2.41 = 2 mL/hr

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1000 mg : 100 mL = 24.1 mg : X mL 1000X = 100 × 24.1 X = 2.41 = 2 mL/hr

or

Set the flow rate to 2 mL/hr.

6. A dosage of 2 mcg/kg/min has been ordered for an adult weighing 78.2 kg. The strength of the solution is 40 mg/200 mL. Calculate the dosage per min.

2 mcg/kg/min × 78.2 kg = 156.4 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

156.4 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 9384 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

9384 ÷ 1000 = 9.384 = 9.4 mg/hr Calculate the flow rate.

40 mg 9.4 mg = 200 mL X mL X = 47 mL/hr

40 mg : 200 mL = 9.4 mg : X mL 40X = 200 × 9.4 X = 47 mL/hr

or

Set the flow rate to 47 mL/hr.

7. A dosage of 6 mcg/kg/min has been ordered for an adult weighing 88.7 kg. A solution strength of 100 mg/500 mL is to be infused.

Calculate the dosage per min.

6 mcg/kg/min × 88.7 kg = 532.2 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

532.2 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 31,932 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

31,932 ÷ 1000 = 31.932 = 31.9 mg/hr Calculate the flow rate.

100 mg 31.9 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 159.5 = 160 mL/hr

or

100 mg : 500 mL = 31.9 mg : X mL 100X = 500 × 31.9 X = 159.5 = 160 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 160 mL/hr.

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8. The body weight is 91.2 kg and a 1.5 mcg/kg/min rate is ordered using a 0.3 g/250 mL solution.

Calculate the dosage per min.

1.5 mcg/kg/min × 91.2 kg = 136.8 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

136.8 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 8208 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

8208 ÷ 1000 = 8.208 = 8.2 mg/hr Convert 0.3 g to mg.

0.3 g = 300 mg Calculate the flow rate.

300 mg 8.2 mg = or 250 mL X mL X = 6.8 = 7 mL/hr

300 mg : 250 mL = 8.2 mg : X mL 300X = 250 × 8.2 X = 6.8 = 7 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 7 mL/hr.

9. A 2 mcg/kg/min infusion is ordered for a 90.3 kg adult. The solution to be used has a strength of 0.5 g/250 mL. Calculate the dosage per min.

2 mcg/kg/min × 90.3 kg = 180.6 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

180.6 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 10,836 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

10,836 ÷ 1000 = 10.836 = 10.8 mg/hr Convert 0.5 g to mg.

0.5 g = 500 mg Calculate the flow rate.

500 mg 10.8 mg = or 250 mL X mL X = 5.4 = 5 mL/hr

500 mg : 250 mL = 10.8 mg : X mL 500X = 250 × 10.8 X = 5.4 = 5 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 5 mL/hr.

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10. A 20 mcg/kg/min dosage is ordered for a body weight of 81.7 kg. The solution available is 1 g/500 mL. Calculate the dosage per min.

20 mcg/kg/min × 81.7 kg = 1634 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

1634 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 98,040 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

98,040 ÷ 1000 = 98.040 = 98 mg/hr Convert 1 g to mg.

1 g = 1000 mg Calculate the flow rate.

1000 mg 98 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 49 mL/hr

1000 mg : 500 mL = 98 mg : X mL 1000X = 500 × 98 X = 49 mL/hr

or

Set the flow rate to 49 mL/hr.

Problems 20.3 (page 309)

1. A 2 g in 500 mL solution is ordered to titrate at 1–2 mg/min.

Calculate the lower flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

1 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 60 mg/hr Convert 2 g to mg.

2 g = 2000 mg Calculate the flow rate.

2000 mg 60 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 15 mL/hr

or

2000 mg : 500 mL = 60 mg : X mL 2000X = 500 × 60 X = 15 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 15 mL/hr.

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Calculate the upper flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

2 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 120 mg/hr Convert 2 g to mg.

2 g = 2000 mg Calculate the flow rate.

2000 mg 120 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 30 mL/hr

2000 mg : 500 mL = 120 mg : X mL 2000X = 500 × 120 X = 30 mL/hr

or

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 30 mL/hr.

2. A drug is ordered to titrate between 1 and 3 mcg/min. The solution strength is 1 mg per 250 mL. Calculate the lower flow rate.

Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

1 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 60 mcg/hr Convert 1 mg to mcg to match the mcg/min.

1 mg = 1000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

1000 mcg 60 mcg = X mL 250 mL X = 15 mL/hr

1000 mcg : 250 mL = 60 mcg : X mL 1000X = 250 × 60 X = 15 mL/hr

or

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 15 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

3 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 180 mcg/hr Convert 1 mg to mcg to match the mcg/min.

1 mg = 1000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

1000 mcg 180 mcg = 250 mL X mL X = 45 mL/hr

1000 mcg : 250 mL = 180 mcg : X mL or

1000X = 250 × 180 X = 45 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 45 mL/hr.

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3. The dosage range being titrated is 5–8 mcg/kg/min. The adult weighs 103.7 kg, and the solution strength is 100 mg in 40 mL. Calculate the dosage for the 103.7 kg adult.

Calculate the lower dosage per min.

5 mcg/kg/min × 103.7 kg = 518.5 mcg/min Calculate the upper dosage per min.

8 mcg/kg/min × 103.7 kg = 829.6 mcg/min Calculate the lower flow rate.

Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

518.5 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 31,110 mcg/hr Convert 100 mg to mcg to match the mcg/min.

100 mg = 100,000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

100, 000 mcg 31,110 mcg = or 40 mL X mL X = 12.4 = 12 mL/hr

100,000 mcg : 40 mL = 31,110 mcg : X mL 100,000X = 40 × 31,110 X = 12.4 = 12 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 12 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

829.6 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 49,776 mcg/hr Convert 100 mg to mcg to match the mcg/min.

100 mg = 100,000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

100, 000 mcg 49,776 mcg = or 40 mL X mL X = 19.9 = 20 mL/hr

100,000 mcg : 40 mL = 49,776 mcg : X mL 100,000X = 40 × 49,776 X = 19.9 = 20 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 20 mL/hr.

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4. A drug is to titrate between 50 and 100 mcg/kg/min. The adult weighs 78.7 kg and the solution strength is 2500 mg in 250 mL. Calculate the dosage for the 78.7 kg adult.

Calculate the lower dosage per min.

50 mcg/kg/min × 78.7 kg = 3935 mcg/min Calculate the upper dosage per min.

100 mcg/kg/min × 78.7 kg = 7870 mcg/min Calculate the lower flow rate.

Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

3935 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 236,100 mcg/hr Convert 2500 mg to mcg to match the mcg/min.

2500 mg = 2,500,000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

2,500, 000 mcg 236,100 mcg = or X mL 250 mL X = 23.6 = 24 mL/hr

2,500,000 mcg : 250 mL = 236,100 mcg : X mL 2,500,000X = 250 × 236,100 X = 23.6 = 24 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 24 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

7870 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 472,200 mcg/hr Convert 2500 mg to mcg to match the mcg/min.

2500 mg = 2,500,000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

2,500, 000 mcg 472,200 mcg = or 250 mL X mL X = 47.2 = 47 mL/hr

2,500,000 mcg : 250 mL = 472,200 mcg : X mL 2,500,000X = 250 × 472,200 X = 47.2 = 47 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 47 mL/hr.

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5. An adult weighing 73.2 kg has a solution of 500 mg in 250 mL ordered to titrate between 3 and 10 mcg/kg/min.

Calculate the dosage for the 73.2 kg adult.

Calculate the lower dosage per min.

3 mcg/kg/min × 73.2 kg = 219.6 mcg/min Calculate the upper dosage per min.

10 mcg/kg/min × 73.2 kg = 732 mcg/min Calculate the lower flow rate.

Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

219.6 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 13,176 mcg/hr Convert 500 mg to mcg to match the mcg/min.

500 mg = 500,000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

500, 000 mcg 13,176 mcg = or 250 mL X mL X = 6.5 = 7 mL/hr

500,000 mcg : 250 mL = 13,176 mcg : X mL 500,000X = 250 × 13,176 X = 6.5 = 7 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 7 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

732 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 43,920 mcg/hr Convert 500 mg to mcg to match the mcg/min.

500 mg = 500,000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

500, 000 mcg 43,920 mcg = or 250 mL X mL X = 21.96 = 22 mL/hr

500,000 mcg : 250 mL = 43,920 mcg : X mL 500,000X = 250 × 43,920 X = 21.96 = 22 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 22 mL/hr.

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6. A dosage of 4–6 mg/min has been ordered using a solution strength of 2.5 g/400 mL. Calculate the lower flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

4 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 240 mg/hr Convert 2.5 g to mg.

2.5 g = 2500 mg Calculate the flow rate.

2500 mg 240 mg = 400 mL X mL X = 38.4 = 38 mL/hr

or

2500 mg : 400 mL = 240 mg : X mL 2500X = 400 × 240 X = 38.4 = 38 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 38 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

6 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 360 mg/hr Convert 2.5 g to mg.

2.5 g = 2500 mg Calculate the flow rate.

2500 mg 360 mg = 400 mL X mL X = 57.6 = 58 mL/hr

2500 mg : 400 mL = 360 mg : X mL or

2500X = 400 × 360 X = 57.6 = 58 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 58 mL/hr.

7. A dosage of 2–4 mcg/min has been ordered using a solution strength of 2 mg/250 mL. Calculate the lower flow rate.

Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

2 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 120 mcg/hr Convert 2 mg to mcg to match the mcg/min.

2 mg = 2000 mcg

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278

Calculate the flow rate.

2000 mcg 120 mcg = 250 mL X mL X = 15 mL/hr

2000 mcg : 250 mL = 120 mcg : X mL 2000X = 250 × 120 X = 15 mL/hr

or

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 15 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

4 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 240 mcg/hr Convert 2 mg to mcg to match the mcg/min.

2 mg = 2000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

2000 mcg 240 mcg = 250 mL X mL X = 30 mL/hr

or

2000 mcg : 250 mL = 240 mcg : X mL 2000X = 250 × 240 X = 30 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 30 mL/hr.

8. The body weight is 99.9 kg, and a range of 5–9 mcg/kg/min is ordered. A 120 mg/50 mL solution is to be used.

Calculate the dosage for the 99.9 kg adult.

Calculate the lower dosage per min.

5 mcg/kg/min × 99.9 kg = 499.5 mcg/min Calculate the upper dosage per min.

9 mcg/kg/min × 99.9 kg = 899.1 mcg/min Calculate the lower flow rate.

Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

499.5 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 29,970 mcg/hr Convert 120 mg to mcg to match the mcg/min.

120 mg = 120,000 mcg

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Calculate the flow rate.

120, 000 mcg 29,970 mcg = or 50 mL X mL X = 12.4 = 12 mL/hr

120,000 mcg : 50 mL = 29,970 mcg : X mL 120,000X = 50 × 29,970 X = 12.4 = 12 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 12 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

899.1 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 53,946 mcg/hr Convert 120 mg to mcg to match the mcg/min.

120 mg = 120,000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

120, 000 mcg 53,946 mcg = or 50 mL X mL X = 22.4 = 22 mL/hr

120,000 mcg : 50 mL = 53,946 mcg : X mL 120,000X = 50 × 53,946 X = 22.4 = 22 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 22 mL/hr.

9. A range of 30–70 mcg/kg/min infusion is ordered for an 84.3 kg adult. The solution to be used has a strength of 2 g/250 mL. Calculate the dosage for the 84.3 kg adult.

Calculate the lower dosage per min.

30 mcg/kg/min × 84.3 kg = 2529 mcg/min Calculate the upper dosage per min.

70 mcg/kg/min × 84.3 kg = 5901 mcg/min Calculate the lower flow rate.

Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

2529 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 151,740 mcg/hr Convert 2 g to mcg to match the mcg/min.

2 g = 2,000,000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

2, 000, 000 mcg 151,740 mcg = or 250 mL X mL X = 18.9 = 19 mL/hr

2,000,000 mcg : 250 mL = 151,740 mcg : X mL 2,000,000X = 250 × 151,740 X = 18.9 = 19 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 19 mL/hr.

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Calculate the upper flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

5901 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 354,060 mcg/hr Convert 2 g to mcg to match the mcg/min.

2 g = 2,000,000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

2,000,000 mcg : 250 mL = 354,060 mcg : X mL 2, 000, 000 mcg 354,060 mcg = or 2,000,000X = 250 × 354,060 250 mL X mL X = 44.25 = 44 mL/hr X = 44.25 = 44 mL/hr The flow rate for the upper dosage is 44 mL/hr.

10. A 75–125 mcg/kg/min dosage is ordered for a body weight of 81.2 kg. The solution available is 2.5 g/250 mL. Calculate the dosage for the 81.2 kg adult.

Calculate the lower dosage per min.

75 mcg/kg/min × 81.2 kg = 6090 mcg/min Calculate the upper dosage per min.

125 mcg/kg/min × 81.2 kg = 10,150 mcg/min Calculate the lower flow rate.

Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

6090 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 365,400 mcg/hr Convert 2.5 g to mcg to match the mcg/min.

2.5 g = 2,500,000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

2,500, 000 mcg 365,400 mcg = or 250 mL X mL X = 36.5 = 37 mL/hr

2,500,000 mcg : 250 mL = 365,400 mcg : X mL 2,500,000X = 250 × 365,400 X = 36.5 = 37 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 37 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

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Convert 2.5 g to mcg to match the mcg/min.

2.5 g = 2,500,000 mcg Calculate the flow rate.

2,500, 000 mcg 609,000 mcg = or 250 mL X mL X = 60.9 = 61 mL/hr

2,500,000 mcg : 250 mL = 609,000 mcg : X mL 2,500,000X = 250 × 609,000 X = 60.9 = 61 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 61 mL/hr.

Problems 20.4 (page 311)

1. A 20 mg/hr dosage is ordered using a 100 mg/100 mL solution. mL 100 mL 20 mg = × hr 100 mg 1 hr =

20 mg 100 mL × 1 hr 100 mg

= 20 mL/hr To infuse 20 mg/hr, set the flow rate at 20 mL/hr.

2. A medication is ordered at the rate of 3 mcg/min. The solution strength is 8 mg in 250 mL. mL 250 mL 1 mg 3 mcg 60 min = × × × hr 8 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 3 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 8 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 5.6 = 6 mL/hr To infuse 3 mcg/min, set the flow rate at 6 mL/hr.

3. A solution of 2 g medication in 500 mL is used to administer a dosage of 2 mg/min. mL 500 mL 1g 2 mg 60 min × × × = hr 2g 1000 mg 1 min 1 hr =

1 g 2 mg 500 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 2 g 1000 mg 1 min

= 30 mL/hr To infuse 2 mg/min, set the flow rate at 30 mL/hr.

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4. A 2 mcg/min infusion is ordered. The solution strength is 1 mg/250 mL. mL 250 mL 1 mg 2 mcg 60 min × × × = hr 1 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 2 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 1 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 30 mL/hr To infuse 2 mcg/min, set the flow rate at 30 mL/hr.

5. An initial dose of a drug is ordered at 25 mg/hr. The solution strength is 125 mg/100 mL. mL 100 mL 25 mg = × hr 125 mg 1 hr =

25 mg 100 mL × 1 hr 125 mg

= 20 mL/hr To infuse 25 mg/hr, set the flow rate at 20 mL/hr.

6. A 100 mg/250 mL solution strength is ordered at a rate of 15 mg/hr. mL 250 mL 15 mg = × hr 100 mg 1 hr =

15 mg 250 mL × 1 hr 100 mg

= 37.5 = 38 mL/hr To infuse 15 mg/hr, set the flow rate at 38 mL/hr.

7. A solution strength of 10 mg/250 mL is to infuse at 5 mcg/min. mL 250 mL 1 mg 5 mcg 60 min = × × × hr 10 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 5 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 10 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 7.5 = 8 mL/hr To infuse 5 mcg/min, set the flow rate at 8 mL/hr.

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8. A 500 mL/1.5 g solution is to infuse at 3 mg/min. mL 500 mL 1g 3 mg 60 min = × × × hr 1.5 g 1000 mg 1 min 1 hr =

1 g 3 mg 500 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 1.5 g 1000 mg 1 min

= 60 mL/hr To infuse 3 mg/min, set the flow rate at 60 mL/hr.

9. A 10 mg/250 mL solution is to infuse at 20 mcg/min. mL 250 mL 1 mg 20 mcg 60 min = × × × hr 10 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 20 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 10 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 30 mL/hr To infuse 20 mcg/min, set the flow rate at 30 mL/hr.

10. A 250 mg/100 mL solution is to infuse at 30 mg/hr. mL 100 mL 30 mg = × hr 250 mg 1 hr =

30 mg 100 mL × 1 hr 250 mg

= 12 mL/hr To infuse 30 mg/hr, set the flow rate at 12 mL/hr.

Problems 20.5 (page 313)

1. A 3 mcg/kg/min dosage has been ordered for an adult weighing 87.4 kg. The solution being used has a strength of 50 mg in 250 mL. Calculate the dosage for 87.4 kg.

3 mcg/kg/min × 87.4 kg = 262.2 mcg/min mL 250 mL 1 mg 262.2 mcg 60 min = × × × hr 50 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 262.2 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 50 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 78.6 = 79 mL/hr To infuse 3 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 79 mL/hr.

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2. IV medication has been ordered to infuse at 4 mcg/kg/min using a 400 mg/250 mL solution. The body weight is 92.4 kg.

Calculate the dosage for 92.4 kg.

4 mcg/kg/min × 92.4 kg = 369.6 mcg/min mL 250 mL 1 mg 369.6 mcg 60 min = × × × hr 400 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 369.6 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 400 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 13.8 = 14 mL/hr To infuse 4 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 14 mL/hr.

3. A 2.5 mcg/kg/min dosage has been ordered. The solution strength is 0.5 g/250 mL. The body weight is 80.7 kg.

Calculate the dosage for 80.7 kg.

2.5 mcg/kg/min × 80.7 kg = 201.75 = 201.8 mcg/min mL 250 mL 1g 1 mg 201.8 mcg 60 min = × × × × hr 0.5 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 g 1 mg 201.8 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × × 1 hr 0.5 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 6 mL/hr To infuse 2.5 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 6 mL/hr.

4. A rate of 150 mcg/kg/min has been ordered for 92.1 kg body weight. The solution strength is 2.5 g in 250 mL. Calculate the dosage for 92.1 kg.

150 mcg/kg/min × 92.1 kg = 13,815 mcg/min mL 250 mL 1g 1 mg 13,815 mcg 60 min × × × × = hr 2.5 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 g 1 mg 13,815 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × × 1 hr 2.5 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 82.8 = 83 mL/hr To infuse 150 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 83 mL/hr.

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5. A 5 mcg/kg/min infusion has been ordered for a body weight of 80.3 kg. The solution to be used has 1 g in 500 mL. Calculate the dosage for 80.3 kg.

5 mcg/kg/min × 80.3 kg = 401.5 mcg/min mL 500 mL 1g 1 mg 401.5 mcg 60 min = × × × × hr 1g 1000 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 g 1 mg 401.5 mcg 500 mL 60 min × × × × 1 hr 1 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 12 mL/hr To infuse 5 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 12 mL/hr.

6. A 2 mcg/kg/min dosage has been ordered for an adult weighing 79.9 kg. The solution strength available is 50 mg/250 mL. Calculate the dosage for 79.9 kg.

2 mcg/kg/min × 79.9 kg = 159.8 mcg/min mL 250 mL 1 mg 159.8 mcg 60 min = × × × hr 50 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 159.8 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 50 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 47.9 = 48 mL/hr To infuse 2 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 48 mL/hr.

7. A dosage of 3 mcg/kg/min has been ordered using a 350 mg/250 mL solution strength. The body weight is 86.9 kg.

Calculate the dosage for 86.9 kg.

3 mcg/kg/min × 86.9 kg = 260.7 mcg/min mL 250 mL 1 mg 260.7 mcg 60 min × × × = hr 350 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 260.7 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 350 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 11.1 = 11 mL/hr To infuse 3 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 11 mL/hr.

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8. An adult weighing 84.3 kg has a dosage of 3 mcg/kg/min ordered. The solution to be used is 0.75 g/300 mL. Calculate the dosage for 84.3 kg.

3 mcg/kg/min × 84.3 kg = 252.9 mcg/min mL 300 mL 1g 1 mg 252.9 mcg 60 min = × × × × hr 0.75 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 g 300 mL × 0.75 g 1000 mg

×

1 mg 1000 mcg

×

252.9 mcg 1 min

×

60 min 1 hr

= 6 mL/hr To infuse 3 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 6 mL/hr.

9. A 4.5 mcg/kg/min dosage is ordered for an 84.9 kg adult. The solution strength is 1.2 g/500 mL. Calculate the dosage for 84.9 kg.

4.5 mcg/kg/min × 84.9 kg = 382.05 = 382.1 mcg/min mL 500 mL 1g 1 mg 382.1 mcg 60 min = × × × × hr 1.2 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 g 500 mL × 1.2 g 1000 mg

×

1 mg 1000 mcg

×

382.1 mcg 1 min

×

60 min 1 hr

= 9.5 = 10 mL/hr To infuse 4.5 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 10 mL/hr.

10. A 6 mcg/kg/min dosage is ordered for an adult weighing 85.8 kg. The solution strength is 800 mg/500 mL. Calculate the dosage for 85.8 kg.

6 mcg/kg/min × 85.8 kg = 514.8 mcg/min mL 500 mL 1 mg 514.8 mcg 60 min × × × = hr 800 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 514.8 mcg 500 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 800 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 19.3 = 19 mL/hr To infuse 6 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 19 mL/hr.

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Problems 20.6 (page 316)

1. A 3.5 mcg/kg/min dosage has been ordered for an adult weighing 90.3 kg. The solution being used has a strength of 40 mg in 150 mL. mL 150 mL 1 mg 3.5 mcg = × × × hr 40 mg 1000 mcg kg/min =

1 mg 150 mL × 40 mg 1000 mcg

×

3.5 mcg kg / min

60 min 90.3 kg × 1 hr ×

90.3 kg 60 min × 1 hr

= 71.1 = 71 mL/hr To infuse 3.5 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 71 mL/hr.

2. IV medication has been ordered to infuse at 3 mcg/kg/min using a 250 mg/250 mL solution. The body weight is 87.3 kg. mL 250 mL 1 mg 3 mcg = × × × hr 250 mg 1000 mcg kg/min =

1 mg 250 mL × 250 mg 1000 mcg

×

3 mcg kg / min

60 min 87.3 kg × 1 hr ×

87.3 kg 60 min × 1 hr

= 15.7 = 16 mL/hr To infuse 3 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 16 mL/hr.

3. A 4 mcg/kg/min dosage has been ordered. The solution strength is 600 mg/250 mL. The weight is 90.3 kg. mL 250 mL 1 mg 4 mcg × × × = hr 600 mg 1000 mcg kg/min =

1 mg 250 mL × 600 mg 1000 mcg

×

4 mcg kg / min

60 min 90.3 kg × 1 hr ×

90.3 kg 60 min × 1 hr

= 9 mL/hr To infuse 4 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 9 mL/hr.

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4. A rate of 200 mcg/kg/min has been ordered for an 83.3 kg weight. The solution strength is 3.5 g in 250 mL. mL 250 mL 1g 1 mg 200 mcg 60 min 83.3 kg = × × × × × hr 3.5 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg kg/min 1 hr =

1 g 1 mg 200 mcg 83.3 kg 250 mL 60 min × × × × × 1 hr 3.5 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg kg / min

= 71.4 = 71 mL/hr To infuse 200 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 71 mL/hr.

5. A 4.5 mcg/kg/min infusion has been ordered for a 79.9 kg body weight. The solution to be used has 1.5 g in 200 mL. mL 200 mL 1g 1 mg 4.5 mcg 60 min 79.9 kg = × × × × × hr 1.5 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg kg/min 1 hr =

1 g 1 mg 4.5 mcg 79.9 kg 200 mL 60 min × × × × × 1 hr 1.5 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg kg / min

= 2.8 = 3 mL/hr To infuse 4.5 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 3 mL/hr.

6. A 4 mcg/kg/min dosage has been ordered for an adult weighing 83.3 kg. The solution strength available is 50 mg/150 mL. mL 150 mL 1 mg 4 mcg 60 min 83.3 kg = × × × × hr 50 mg 1000 mcg kg/min 1 hr =

1 mg 4 mcg 83.3 kg 150 mL 60 min × × × × 1 hr 50 mg 1000 mcg kg / min

= 59.9 = 60 mL/hr To infuse 4 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 60 mL/hr.

7. A dosage of 5 mcg/kg/min has been ordered using a 300 mg/250 mL solution strength. The body weight is 86.6 kg. mL 250 mL 1 mg 5 mcg 60 min 86.6 kg = × × × × hr 300 mg 1000 mcg kg/min 1 hr =

1 mg 5 mcg 86.6 kg 250 mL 60 min × × × × 1 hr 300 mg 1000 mcg kg / min

= 21.6 = 22 mL/hr To infuse 5 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 22 mL/hr.

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8. An adult weighing 91.4 kg has a dosage of 4 mcg/kg/min ordered. The solution to be used is 700 mg/500 mL. mL 500 mL 1 mg 4 mcg 60 min 91.4 kg = × × × × hr 700 mg 1000 mcg kg/min 1 hr =

1 mg 500 mL × 700 mg 1000 mcg

×

4 mcg kg / min

×

91.4 kg 60 min × 1 hr

= 15.6 = 16 mL/hr To infuse 4 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 16 mL/hr.

9. A 175 mcg/kg/min dosage is ordered for an 84.9 kg adult. The solution strength is 4 g/250 mL. mL 250 mL 1g 1 mg 175 mcg = × × × × hr 4g 1000 mg 1000 mcg kg/min =

1 g 1 mg 250 mL × × 4g 1000 mg 1000 mcg

×

175 mcg kg / min

60 min 84.9 kg × 1 hr ×

84.9 kg 60 min × 1 hr

= 55.7 = 56 mL/hr To infuse 175 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 56 mL/hr.

10. A 5 mcg/kg/min dosage is ordered for an adult weighing 78.9 kg. The solution strength is 2 g/250 mL. mL 250 mL 1g 1 mg 5 mcg = × × × × hr 2g 1000 mg 1000 mcg kg/min =

1 g 1 mg 250 mL × × 2g 1000 mg 1000 mcg

×

5 mcg kg / min

60 min 78.9 kg × 1 hr ×

78.9 kg 60 min × 1 hr

= 2.9 = 3 mL/hr To infuse 5 mcg/kg/min, set the flow rate at 3 mL/hr.

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Problems 20.7 (page 318)

1. A 2 g in 500 mL solution is ordered to titrate at 1–2 mg/min.

Calculate the flow rate for the lower 1 mg/min. mL 500 mL 1g 1 mg 60 min = × × × hr 2g 1000 mg min 1 hr =

1 g 1 mg 500 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 2 g 1000 mg min

= 15 mL/hr Calculate the flow rate for the upper 2 mg/min. mL 500 mL 1g 2 mg 60 min = × × × hr 2g 1000 mg min 1 hr =

1 g 2 mg 500 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 2 g 1000 mg min

= 30 mL/hr The flow rate must be between 15 mL/hr and 30 mL/hr.

2. A drug is ordered to titrate between 1–3 mcg/min. The solution strength is 1 mg per 250 mL. Calculate the flow rate for the lower 1 mcg/min. mL 250 mL 1 mg 1 mcg 60 min = × × × hr 1 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 1 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 1 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 15 mL/hr Calculate the flow rate for the upper 3 mcg/min. mL 250 mL 1 mg 3 mcg 60 min = × × × hr 1 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 3 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 1 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 45 mL/hr The flow rate must be between 15 mL/hr and 45 mL/hr.

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3. The dosage range is 5–8 mcg/kg/min. The body weight is 103.7 kg, and the solution strength is 100 mg in 40 mL. Calculate the dosage range for 103.7 kg.

Lower dosage: 5 mcg/kg/min × 103.7 kg = 518.5 mcg/min Upper dosage: 8 mcg/kg/min × 103.7 kg = 829.6 mcg/min Calculate the flow rate for the lower 518.5 mcg/min. mL 40 mL 1 mg 518.5 mcg 60 min = × × × hr 100 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 518.5 mcg 40 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 100 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 12.4 = 12 mL/hr Calculate the flow rate for the upper 829.6 mcg/min. mL 40 mL 1 mg 829.6 mcg 60 min = × × × hr 100 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 mg 829.6 mcg 40 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 100 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 19.9 = 20 mL/hr The flow rate must be between 12 mL/hr and 20 mL/hr.

4. A drug is to titrate between 50–100 mcg/kg/min. The body weight is 78.7 kg, and the solution strength is 2500 mg in 250 mL. Calculate the dosage range for 78.7 kg.

Lower dosage: 50 mcg/kg/min × 78.7 kg = 3935 mcg/min Upper dosage: 100 mcg/kg/min × 78.7 kg = 7870 mcg/min Calculate the flow rate for the lower 3935 mcg/min. mL 250 mL 1 mg 3935 mcg = × × × hr 2500 mg 1000 mcg 1 min =

1 mg 250 mL × 2500 mg 1000 mcg

×

3935 mcg 1 min

60 min 1 hr ×

60 min 1 hr

= 23.6 = 24 mL/hr

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Calculate the flow rate for the upper 7870 mcg/min. mL 250 mL 1 mg 7870 mcg × × × = hr 2500 mg 1000 mcg 1 min =

1 mg 250 mL × 2500 mg 1000 mcg

60 min 1 hr

7870 mcg

×

×

1 min

60 min 1 hr

= 47.2 = 47 mL/hr The flow rate must be between 24 mL/hr and 47 mL/hr.

5. An adult weighing 73.2 kg has a solution of 500 mg medication in 250 mL ordered to titrate between 3–10 mcg/kg/min.

Calculate the dosage range for 73.2 kg.

Lower dosage: 3 mcg/kg/min × 73.2 kg = 219.6 mcg/min Upper dosage: 10 mcg/kg/min × 73.2 kg = 732 mcg/min Calculate the flow rate for the lower 219.6 mcg/min. mL 250 mL 1 mg 219.6 mcg = × × × hr 500 mg 1000 mcg 1 min =

1 mg 250 mL × 500 mg 1000 mcg

×

60 min 1 hr

219.6 mcg

×

1 min

60 min 1 hr

= 6.5 = 7 mL/hr Calculate the flow rate for the upper 732 mcg/min. mL 250 mL 1 mg 732 mcg = × × × hr 500 mg 1000 mcg 1 min =

1 mg 250 mL × 500 mg 1000 mcg

×

732 mcg 1 min

60 min 1 hr ×

60 min 1 hr

= 21.9 = 22 mL/hr The flow rate must be between 7 mL/hr and 22 mL/hr.

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6. A 2–3 mg/min dosage has been ordered. The solution strength available is 1.5 g/400 mL. Calculate the flow rate for the lower 2 mg/min. mL 400 mL 1g 2 mg 60 min × × × = hr 1.5 g 1000 mg min 1 hr =

1 g 2 mg 400 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 1.5 g 1000 mg min

= 32 mL/hr Calculate the flow rate for the upper 3 mg/min. mL 400 mL 1g 3 mg 60 min = × × × hr 1.5 g 1000 mg min 1 hr =

1 g 3 mg 400 mL 60 min × × × 1 hr 1.5 g 1000 mg min

= 48 mL/hr The flow rate must be between 32 mL/hr and 48 mL/hr.

7. A dosage of 6–7 mcg/min has been ordered using a 5 mg/500 mL solution strength.

Calculate the flow rate for the lower 6 mcg/min. mL 500 mL 1 mg 6 mcg = × × × hr 5 mg 1000 mcg 1 min =

1 mg 500 mL × 5 mg 1000 mcg

×

6 mcg 1 min

60 min 1 hr ×

60 min 1 hr

= 36 mL/hr Calculate the flow rate for the upper 7 mcg/min. mL 500 mL 1 mg 7 mcg = × × × hr 5 mg 1000 mcg 1 min =

1 mg 500 mL × 5 mg 1000 mcg

×

7 mcg 1 min

60 min 1 hr ×

60 min 1 hr

= 42 mL/hr The flow rate must be between 36 mL/hr and 42 mL/hr.

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8. An adult weighing 101.6 kg has a dosage of 4–7 mcg/kg/min ordered. The solution to be used is 75 mg/50 mL. Calculate the dosage range for 101.6 kg.

Lower dosage: 4 mcg/kg/min × 101.6 kg = 406.4 mcg/min Upper dosage: 7 mcg/kg/min × 101.6 kg = 711.2 mcg/min Calculate the flow rate for the lower 406.4 mcg/min. mL 50 mL 1 mg 406.4 mcg = × × × hr 75 mg 1000 mcg 1 min =

1 mg 50 mL × 1000 mcg 75 mg

×

406.4 mcg 1 min

60 min 1 hr ×

60 min 1 hr

= 16.2 = 16 mL/hr Calculate the flow rate for the upper 711.2 mcg/min. mL 50 mL 1 mg 711.2 mcg = × × × hr 75 mg 1000 mcg 1 min =

1 mg 50 mL × 75 mg 1000 mcg

×

711.2 mcg 1 min

60 min 1 hr ×

60 min 1 hr

= 28.4 = 28 mL/hr The flow rate must be between 16 mL/hr and 28 mL/hr.

9. A 30–70 mcg/kg/min dosage is ordered for an adult weighing 80.4 kg. The solution strength is 3 g/250 mL. Calculate the dosage range for 80.4 kg.

Lower dosage: 30 mcg/kg/min × 80.4 kg = 2412 mcg/min Upper dosage: 70 mcg/kg/min × 80.4 kg = 5628 mcg/min Calculate the flow rate for the lower 2412 mcg/min. mL 250 mL 1g 1 mg 2412 mcg 60 min = × × × × hr 3g 1000 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 g 1 mg 2412 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × × 1 hr 3 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 12 mL/hr

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Calculate the flow rate for the upper 5628 mcg/min. mL 250 mL 1g 1 mg 5628 mcg 60 min × × × × = hr 3g 1000 mg 1000 mcg 1 min 1 hr =

1 g 1 mg 5628 mcg 250 mL 60 min × × × × 1 hr 3 g 1000 mg 1000 mcg 1 min

= 28.1 = 28 mL/hr The flow rate must be between 12 mL/hr and 28 mL/hr.

10. A 4–8 mcg/kg/min dosage is ordered for an adult weighing 72.1 kg. The solution strength is 400 mg/250 mL. Calculate the dosage range for 72.1 kg.

Lower dosage: 4 mcg/kg/min × 72.1 kg = 288.4 mcg/min Upper dosage: 8 mcg/kg/min × 72.1 kg = 576.8 mcg/min Calculate the flow rate for the lower 288.4 mcg/min. mL 250 mL 1 mg 288.4 mcg × × × = hr 400 mg 1000 mcg 1 min =

1 mg 250 mL × 1000 mcg 400 mg

×

288.4 mcg 1 min

60 min 1 hr ×

60 min 1 hr

= 10.8 = 11 mL/hr Calculate the flow rate for the upper 576.8 mcg/min. mL 250 mL 1 mg 576.8 mcg × × × = hr 400 mg 1000 mcg 1 min =

1 mg 250 mL × 1000 mcg 400 mg

×

576.8 mcg 1 min

60 min 1 hr ×

60 min 1 hr

= 21.6 = 22 mL/hr The flow rate must be between 11 mL/hr and 22 mL/hr.

Chapter 20 Summary Self-Test (page 319)

1. A 6 mcg/kg/min dosage is ordered for an adult weighing 75.4 kg. The solution available is 500 mg in 250 mL.

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Calculate the dosage per min.

6 mcg/kg/min × 75.4 kg = 452.4 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

452.4 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 27,144 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

27,144 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 27.144 = 27.1 mg/hr Calculate the flow rate.

500 mg 27.1 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 13.5 = 14 mL/hr

500 mg : 250 mL = 27.1 mg : X mL 500X = 250 × 27.1 X = 13.5 = 14 mL/hr

or

Set the flow rate to 14 mL/hr.

2. The order is to infuse a solution of 50 mg in 250 mL at 0.8 mcg/kg/min. Calculate the dosage and flow rate for a 65.9 kg adult.

Calculate the dosage per min.

0.8 mcg/kg/min × 65.9 kg = 52.72 = 52.7 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

52.7 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 3162 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

3162 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 3.162 = 3.2 mg/hr Calculate the flow rate.

50 mg 3.2 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 16 mL/hr

or

50 mg : 250 mL = 3.2 mg : X mL 50X = 250 × 3.2 X = 16 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 16 mL/hr.

3. A solution of 250 mg in 500 mL is to infuse between 0.5 and 0.7 mg/kg/hr. The adult weighs 82.4 kg.

Calculate the dosage for the 82.4 kg adult.

Calculate the lower dosage per hr.

0.5 mg/kg/hr × 82.4 kg = 41.2 mg/hr Calculate the upper dosage per hr.

0.7 mg/kg/hr × 82.4 kg = 57.68 = 57.7 mg/hr

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Calculate the lower flow rate.

Calculate the flow rate.

250 mg 41.2 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 82.4 = 82 mL/hr

250 mg : 500 mL = 41.2 mg : X mL 250X = 500 × 41.2 X = 82.4 = 82 mL/hr

or

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 82 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Calculate the flow rate.

250 mg 57.7 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 115.4 = 115 mL/hr

or

250 mg : 500 mL = 57.7 mg : X mL 250X = 500 × 57.7 X = 115.4 = 115 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 115 mL/hr.

4. A solution of 400 mg in 250 mL is infusing at 20 mL/hr.

Calculate the mcg/min rate. mcg 1000 mcg 400 mg 20 mL 1 hr = × × × min 1 mg 250 mL 1 hr 60 min =

400 mg 1000 mcg 20 mL 1 hr × × × 60 min 1 mg 250 mL 1 hr

= 533.3 mcg/min The mcg/min rate is 533.3 mcg/min.

5. A 1–6 mg/min dosage is ordered. The solution strength is 2 g/500 mL. Calculate the lower flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

1 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 60 mg/hr Convert 2 g to mg.

2 g = 2000 mg Calculate the flow rate.

2000 mg 60 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 15 mL/hr

or

2000 mg : 500 mL = 60 mg : X mL 2000X = 500 × 60 X = 15 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 15 mL/hr.

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Calculate the upper flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

6 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 360 mg/hr Convert 2 g to mg.

2 g = 2000 mg Calculate the flow rate.

2000 mg 360 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 90 mL/hr

or

2000 mg : 500 mL = 360 mg : X mL 2000X = 500 × 360 X = 90 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 90 mL/hr.

6. An infusion of 2 g in 500 mL at 60 mL/hr is ordered.

Calculate the mg/min dosage. mg 1000 mg 2g 60 mL 1 hr = × × × min 1g 500 mL 1 hr 60 min =

2 g 1000 mg 60 mL 1 hr × × × 60 min 1 g 500 mL 1 hr

= 4 mg/min The mg/min rate is 4 mg/min.

Calculate the mg/hr dosage.

4 mg/min × 60 min/1 hr = 240 mg/hr The mg/hr rate is 240 mg/hr.

7. The solution available is 25 mg in 50 mL. The order is to infuse at 8 mg/hr.

Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

25 mg 8 mg = = 16 mL/hr 50 mL X mL

25 mg : 50 mL = 8 mg : X mL or

25X = 50 × 8 X = 16 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 16 mL/hr.

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8. A solution of 100 mg in 40 mL is ordered to infuse at 5 mcg/kg/min for an adult weighing 77.1 kg.

Calculate the dosage per min.

5 mcg/kg/min × 77.1 kg = 385.5 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

385.5 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 23,130 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

23,130 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 23.130 = 23.1 mg/hr Calculate the flow rate.

100 mg 23.1 mg = or 40 mL X mL X = 9.2 = 9 mL/hr

100 mg : 40 mL = 23.1 mg : X mL 100X = 40 × 23.1 X = 9.2 = 9 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 9 mL/hr.

9. A drug is ordered at 4 mcg/min. The solution available is 1 mg in 250 mL. Convert 4 mcg/min to mcg per hr.

4 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 240 mcg/hr Convert 240 mcg to mg to match the 1 mg in the 250 mL solution strength.

240 mg = 0.24 mg Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

1 mg 0.24 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 60 mL/hr

or

1 mg : 250 mL = 0.24 mg : X mL 1X = 250 × 0.24 X = 60 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 60 mL/hr.

10. An adult weighing 80 kg has an infusion ordered at 8 mcg/kg/min. The solution strength is 800 mg in 500 mL. Calculate the dosage per min.

8 mcg/kg/min × 80 kg = 640 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

640 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 38,400 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

38,400 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 38.4 mg/hr

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Calculate the flow rate.

800 mg 38.4 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 24 mL/hr

or

800 mg : 500 mL = 38.4 mg : X mL 800X = 500 × 38.4 X = 24 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 24 mL/hr.

11. A dosage of 400 mg is added to 250 mL and infused at 45 mL/hr. Calculate the mcg/min and mg/hr infusing rates.

Calculate the mg/hr dosage.

X mg 400 mg = 250 mL 45 mL/hr X = 72 mg/hr

400 mg : 250 mL = X mg : 45 mL/hr 250X = 400 × 45 X = 72 mg/hr

or

The mg/hr flow rate is 72 mg/hr.

Convert mg to mcg.

72 mg/hr × 1000 mcg/mg = 72,000 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mcg/min.

72,000 mcg/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 1200 mcg/min 12. An adult has orders for a dosage of 1 mg/min. The solution strength is 250 mg in 250 mL. Convert 1 mg/min to mg per hr.

1 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 60 mg/hr Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

250 mg 60 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 60 mL/hr

250 mg : 250 mL = 60 mg : X mL or

250X = 250 × 60 X = 60 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 60 mL/hr.

13. An adult weighing 77.9 kg is to receive 80 mcg/kg/min. The solution strength is 2.5 g in 250 mL. Calculate the dosage per min.

80 mcg/kg/min × 77.9 kg = 6232 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

6232 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 373,920 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

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Convert 2.5 g to mg.

2.5 g × 1000 mg/g = 2500 mg Calculate the flow rate.

2500 mg 373.9 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 37.3 = 37 mL/hr

2500 mg : 250 mL = 373.9 mg : X mL 2500X = 250 × 373.9 X = 37.3 = 37 mL/hr

or

Set the flow rate to 37 mL/hr.

14. A dosage of 4 mcg/min has been ordered using an 8 mg in 250 mL solution.

Convert 4 mcg/min to mcg per hr.

4 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 240 mcg/hr Convert 240 mcg/hr to mg/hr.

240 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 0.24 mg/hr Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

8 mg 0.24 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 7.5 = 8 mL/hr

8 mg : 250 mL = 0.24 mg : X mL or

8X = 250 × 0.24 X = 7.5 = 8 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 8 mL/hr.

15. An adult who weighs 81.7 kg has orders for 8–10 mcg/kg/min. The solution strength is 400 mg in 250 mL. Calculate the dosage for the 81.7 kg adult.

Calculate the lower dosage per min.

8 mcg/kg/min × 81.7 kg = 653.6 mcg/min Calculate the upper dosage per min.

10 mcg/kg/min × 81.7 kg = 817 mcg/min The dosage range is 653.6 mcg/min to 817 mcg/min.

16. A 6 mcg/kg/min dosage has been ordered for a 90.7 kg adult. The solution strength is 50 mg in 250 mL. Calculate the dosage per min.

6 mcg/kg/min × 90.7 kg = 544.2 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

544.2 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 32,652 mcg/hr

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Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

32,652 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 32.652 = 32.6 mg/hr Calculate the flow rate.

50 mg 32.6 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 163 mL/hr

or

50 mg : 250 mL = 32.6 mg : X mL 50X = 250 × 32.6 X = 163 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 163 mL/hr.

17. A dosage of 5 mcg/kg/min is ordered. The solution available is 400 mg in 250 mL. The adult weighs 70.7 kg.

Calculate the dosage per min.

5 mcg/kg/min × 70.7 kg = 353.5 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

353.5 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 21,210 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

21,210 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 21.210 = 21.2 mg/hr Calculate the flow rate.

400 mg 21.2 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 13.25 = 13 mL/hr

or

400 mg : 250 mL = 21.2 mg : X mL 400X = 250 × 21.2 X = 13.25 = 13 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 13 mL/hr.

18. A 3 mg/min dosage is ordered. The solution strength is 2 g in 500 mL. Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

3 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 180 mg/hr Convert 2 g to mg.

2 g × 1000 mg/g = 2000 mg Calculate the flow rate.

2000 mg 180 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 45 mL/hr

or

2000 mg : 500 mL = 180 mg : X mL 2000X = 500 × 180 X = 45 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 45 mL/hr.

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19. A solution of 50 mg/250 mL is infusing at 15 mL/hr.

Calculate the mcg/min infusing.

50 mg : 250 mL = X mg : 15 mL/hr 50 mg X mg = or 250X = 50 × 15 250 mL 15 mL/hr X = 3 mg/hr X = 3 mg/hr Convert mg/hr to mg/min.

3 mg/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 0.05 mg/min Convert mg/min to mcg/min.

0.05 mg/min × 1000 mcg/mg = 50 mcg/min 20. A 2 g in 500 mL solution is to infuse at a rate of 2 mg/min.

Convert 2 mg/min to mg per hr.

2 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 120 mg/hr Convert 2 g to mg, to match the 120 mg/hr.

2 g = 2000 mg Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

2000 mg 120 mg = or 500 mL X mL X = 30 mL/hr

2000 mg : 500 mL = 120 mg : X mL 2000X = 500 × 120 X = 30 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 30 mL/hr.

21. An adult whose weight is 102.4 kg is to receive a dosage of 2 mg/kg/hr. The solution strength is 1 g in 500 mL. Calculate the dosage per hr.

2 mg/kg/hr × 102.4 kg = 204.8 mg/hr Convert 1 g to mg.

1 g × 1000 mg/g = 1000 mg Calculate the flow rate.

1000 mg 204.8 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 102.4 = 102 mL/hr

or

1000 mg : 500 mL = 204.8 mg : X mL 1000X = 500 × 204.8 X = 102.4 = 102 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 102 mL/hr.

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22. A solution strength of 1 g in 100 mL is to infuse at a rate of 15 mcg/kg/min. The body weight is 94.4 kg.

Calculate the dosage per min.

15 mcg/kg/min × 94.4 kg = 1416 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

1416 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 84,960 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

84,960 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 84.960 = 85 mg/hr Convert 1 g to mg.

1 g = 1000 mg Calculate the flow rate.

1000 mg 85 mg = 100 mL X mL X = 8.5 = 9 mL/hr

or

1000 mg : 100 mL = 85 mg : X mL 1000X = 100 × 85 X = 8.5 = 9 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 9 mL/hr.

23. An adult is receiving 4 mL/hr of a solution that contains 8 mg in 250 mL. Calculate the mcg/min infusing.

8 mg X mg = 250 mL 4 mL/hr X = 0.128 mg/hr

or

8 mg : 250 mL = X mg : 4 mL/hr 250X = 8 × 4 X = 0.128 mg/hr

Convert mg/hr to mg/min.

0.128 mg/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 0.0021 mg/min Convert mg/min to mcg/min.

0.0021 mg/min × 1000 mcg/mg = 2.1 mcg/min 24. A drug is ordered to titrate between 5 and 10 mcg/kg/min. The body weight is 97.1 kg, and the solution strength is 100 mg/40 mL. Calculate the lower dosage per hr.

5 mcg/kg/min × 97.1 kg = 485.5 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

485.5 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 29,130 mcg/hr

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Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

29,130 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 29.130 = 29.1 mg/hr Calculate the upper dosage per hr.

10 mcg/kg/min × 97.1 kg = 971 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

971 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 58,260 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

58,260 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 58.260 = 58.2 mg/hr Calculate the lower flow rate.

Calculate the flow rate.

100 mg 29.1 mg = 40 mL X mL X = 11.6 = 12 mL/hr

or

100 mg : 40 mL = 29.1 mg : X mL 100X = 40 × 29.1 X = 11.6 = 12 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 12 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Calculate the flow rate.

100 mg 58.2 mg = 40 mL X mL X = 23.28 = 23 mL/hr

or

100 mg : 40 mL = 58.2 mg : X mL 100X = 40 × 58.2 X = 23.28 = 23 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 23 mL/hr.

25. A 500 mg in 250 mL solution is ordered for a 101.2 kg adult to titrate between 3 and 10 mcg/kg/min.

Calculate the dosage for the 101.2 kg adult.

Calculate the lower dosage per hr.

3 mcg/kg/min × 101.2 kg = 303.6 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

303.6 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 18,216 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

18,216 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 18.216 = 18.2 mg/hr Calculate the upper dosage per hr.

10 mcg/kg/min × 101.2 kg = 1012 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

1012 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 60,720 mcg/hr

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Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

60,720 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 60.720 = 60.7 mg/hr Calculate the lower flow rate.

Calculate the flow rate.

500 mg 18.2 mg = or X mL 250 mL X = 9.1 = 9 mL/hr

500 mg : 250 mL = 18.2 mg : X mL 500X = 250 × 18.2 X = 9.1 = 9 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 9 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Calculate the flow rate.

500 mg 60.7 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 30.3 = 30 mL/hr

or

500 mg : 250 mL = 60.7 mg : X mL 500X = 250 × 60.7 X = 30.3 = 30 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 30 mL/hr.

26. An infusion of 500 mg in 250 mL is infusing at a rate of 14 mL/hr.

Calculate the mcg/min infusing.

500 mg X mg = 250 mL 14 mL/hr X = 28 mg/hr

or

500 mg : 250 mL = X mg : 14 mL/hr 250X = 500 × 14 X = 28 mg/hr

Convert mg/hr to mg/min.

28 mg/hr ÷ 60 min/hr = 0.4667 mg/min Convert mg/min to mcg/min.

0.4667 mg/min × 1000 mcg/mg = 466.7 mcg/min 27. A 5–10 mcg/kg/min dosage is to be titrated for an adult weighing 79.6 kg. The solution strength is 100 mg in 40 mL. Calculate the lower dosage per hr.

5 mcg/kg/min × 79.6 kg = 398 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

398 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 23,880 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

23,880 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 23.880 = 23.9 mg/hr

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Calculate the upper dosage per hr.

10 mcg/kg/min × 79.6 kg = 796 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

796 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 47,760 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

47,760 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 47.760 = 47.8 mg/hr Calculate the lower flow rate.

Calculate the flow rate.

100 mg 23.9 mg = 40 mL X mL X = 9.56 = 10 mL/hr

or

100 mg : 40 mL = 23.9 mg : X mL 100X = 40 × 23.9 X = 9.56 = 10 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 10 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Calculate the flow rate.

100 mg 47.8 mg = 40 mL X mL X = 19.12 = 19 mL/hr

or

100 mg : 40 mL = 47.8 mg : X mL 100X = 40 × 47.8 X = 19.12 = 19 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 19 mL/hr.

28. A 400 mg in 250 mL solution is to be titrated at 2–20 mcg/kg/min. The weight is 62.3 kg.

Calculate the lower dosage per hr.

2 mcg/kg/min × 62.3 kg = 124.6 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

124.6 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 7476 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

7476 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 7.476 = 7.5 mg/hr Calculate the upper dosage per hr.

20 mcg/kg/min × 62.3 kg = 1246 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

1246 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 74,760 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

74,760 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 74.760 = 74.8 mg/hr

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Calculate the lower flow rate.

Calculate the flow rate.

400 mg 7.5 mg = or 250 mL X mL X = 4.6 = 5 mL/hr

400 mg : 250 mL = 7.5 mg : X mL 400X = 250 × 7.5 X = 4.6 = 5 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 5 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Calculate the flow rate.

400 mg 74.8 mg = X mL 250 mL X = 46.75 = 47 mL/hr

or

400 mg : 250 mL = 74.8 mg : X mL 400X = 250 × 74.8 X = 46.75 = 47 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 47 mL/hr.

29. A drug has been ordered for an adult weighing 84.9 kg to titrate at 2.5–10 mcg/kg/min. The solution strength is 500 mg in 250 mL. Calculate the lower dosage per hr.

2.5 mcg/kg/min × 84.9 kg = 212.25 = 212.3 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

212.3 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 12,738 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

12,738 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 12.738 = 12.7 mg/hr Calculate the upper dosage per hr.

10 mcg/kg/min × 84.9 kg = 849 mcg/min Convert mcg/min to mcg/hr.

849 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 50,940 mcg/hr Convert mcg/hr to mg/hr.

50,940 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 50.940 = 50.9 mg/hr Calculate the lower flow rate.

Calculate the flow rate.

500 mg 12.7 mg = X mL 250 mL X = 6.35 = 6 mL/hr

or

500 mg : 250 mL = 12.7 mg : X mL 500X = 250 × 12.7 X = 6.35 = 6 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 6 mL/hr.

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Calculate the upper flow rate.

Calculate the flow rate.

500 mg 50.9 mg = X mL 250 mL X = 25.45 = 25 mL/hr

or

500 mg : 250 mL = 50.9 mg : X mL 500X = 250 × 50.9 X = 25.45 = 25 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 25 mL/hr.

30. A drug is ordered at a rate of 1–4 mg/min. The solution strength is 2 g in 500 mL. Calculate the lower flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

1 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 60 mg/hr Convert 2 g to mg.

2 g = 2000 mg Calculate the flow rate.

2000 mg 60 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 15 mL/hr

or

2000 mg : 500 mL = 60 mg : X mL 2000X = 500 × 60 X = 15 mL/hr

The flow rate for the lower dosage is 15 mL/hr.

Calculate the upper flow rate.

Convert mg/min to mg/hr.

4 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 240 mg/hr Convert 2 g to mg.

2 g = 2000 mg Calculate the flow rate.

2000 mg 240 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 60 mL/hr

or

2000 mg : 500 mL = 240 mg : X mL 2000X = 500 × 240 X = 60 mL/hr

The flow rate for the upper dosage is 60 mL/hr.

31. A 10 mcg/min dosage is ordered using an 8 mg/250 mL solution.

Convert 10 mcg/min to mcg per hr.

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Convert 600 mcg to mg to match the 8 mg in the 250 mL solution strength.

600 mcg = 0.6 mg Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

8 mg 0.6 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 18.75 = 19 mL/hr

or

8 mg : 250 mL = 0.6 mg : X mL 8X = 250 × 0.6 X = 18.75 = 19 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 19 mL/hr.

32. A 2 g in 500 mL dosage is to infuse at 3 mg/min.

Convert 3 mg/min to mg per hr.

3 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 180 mg/hr Convert 2 g to mg.

2 g = 2000 mg Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

2000 mg 180 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 45 mL/hr

or

2000 mg : 500 mL = 180 mg : X mL 2000X = 500 × 180 X = 45 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 45 mL/hr.

33. A 250 mL solution with 1 mg of medication is to be infused at 5 mcg/min.

Convert 5 mcg/min to mcg per hr.

5 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 300 mcg/hr Convert 300 mcg/hr to mg/hr.

300 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 0.3 mg/hr Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

1 mg 0.3 mg = 250 mL X mL X = 75 mL/hr

or

1 mg : 250 mL = 0.3 mg : X mL 1X = 250 × 0.3 X = 75 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 75 mL/hr.

34. A 4 mcg/min dosage is ordered. The solution is 250 mL with 8 mg.

Convert 4 mcg/min to mcg per hr.

4 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 240 mcg/hr

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Convert 240 mcg/hr to mg/hr.

240 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 0.24 mg/hr Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

8 mg 0.24 mg = or X mL 250 mL X = 7.5 = 8 mL/hr

8 mg : 250 mL = 0.24 mg : X mL 8X = 250 × 0.24 X = 7.5 = 8 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 8 mL/hr.

35. A 2 g in 500 mL solution is ordered to infuse at a rate of 6 mg/min.

Convert 6 mg/min to mg per hr.

6 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 360 mg/hr Convert 2 g to mg.

2 g × 1000 mg/g = 2000 mg Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

2000 mg 360 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 90 mL/hr

or

2000 mg : 500 mL = 360 mg : X mL 2000X = 500 × 360 X = 90 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 90 mL/hr.

36. A 2 g in 500 mL solution is ordered to infuse at 4 mg/min.

Convert 4 mg/min to mg per hr.

4 mg/min × 60 min/hr = 240 mg/hr Convert 2 g to mg.

2 g × 1000 mg/g = 2000 mg Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

2000 mg 240 mg = 500 mL X mL X = 60 mL/hr

or

2000 mg : 500 mL = 240 mg : X mL 2000X = 500 × 240 X = 60 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 60 mL/hr.

37. A 12 mcg/min dosage using an 8 mg in 250 mL of solution is ordered.

Convert 12 mcg/min to mcg per hr.

12 mcg/min × 60 min/hr = 720 mcg/hr

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Convert 720 mcg/hr to mg/hr.

720 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 0.72 mg/hr Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

8 mg 0.72 mg = X mL 250 mL X = 22.5 = 23 mL/hr

or

8 mg : 250 mL = 0.72 mg : X mL 8X = 250 × 0.72 X = 22.5 = 23 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 23 mL/hr.

38. A 40 mg/hr dosage is ordered, and a 100 mg in 100 mL solution is ordered.

Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

100 mg 40 mg = 100 mL X mL X = 40 mL/hr

or

100 mg : 100 mL = 40 mg : X mL 100X = 100 × 40 X = 40 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 40 mL/hr.

39. The order is to infuse 4 mcg/min from a 250 mL solution containing 1 mg of medication.

Convert 4 mcg/min to mcg per hr.

4 mcg/min × 60 min = 240 mcg/hr Convert 240 mcg/hr to mg/hr.

240 mcg/hr ÷ 1000 mcg/mg = 0.24 mg/hr Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

1 mg 0.24 mg = X mL 250 mL X = 60 mL/hr

or

1 mg : 250 mL = 0.24 mg : X mL X = 250 × 0.24 X = 60 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 60 mL/hr.

40. Infuse 10 mg/hr from a 125 mg/100 mL solution.

Calculate the mL/hr flow rate.

125 mg 10 mg = 100 mL X mL X = 8 mL/hr

or

125 mg : 100 mL = 10 mg : X mL 125X = 100 × 10 X = 8 mL/hr

Set the flow rate to 8 mL/hr.

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Problems 21.1 (page 323) 1. Calculate the number of mL required.

5000 units 20,000 units = 1 mL X mL 5000X = 1 × 20,000 X = 4 mL

5000 units : 1 mL = 20,000 units : X mL or

5000X = 1 × 20,000 X = 4 mL

2. Calculate the number of mL required.

10,000 units 20,000 units = 1 mL X mL 10,000X = 1 × 20,000

or

10,000 units : 1 mL = 20,000 units : X mL 10,000X = 1 × 20,000 X = 2 mL

X = 2 mL

3. Calculate the number of mL required.

2000 units 25,000 units = 1 mL X mL 2000X = 1 × 25,000 X = 12.5 mL

2000 units : 1 mL = 25,000 units : X mL or

2000X = 1 × 25,000 X = 12.5 mL

4. Calculate the number of mL required.

1000 units 10,000 units = 1 mL X mL 1000X = 1 × 10,000 X = 10 mL

1000 units : 1 mL = 10,000 units : X mL or

1000X = 1 × 10,000 X = 10 mL

Problems 21.2 (page 326)

1. The order is to infuse 1000 units of heparin per hour from an available solution strength of 25,000 units in 500 mL D5W. Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

25,000 units 1000 units = 500 mL X mL 25,000X = 500 × 1000 or

X = 20 mL/hr

25,000 units : 500 mL = 1000 units : X mL 25,000X = 500 × 1000 X = 20 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis.

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mL 500 mL 1000 units = × hr 25,000 units 1 hr 1000 units mL 500 mL × = 20 mL/hr = 1 hr hr 25,000 units The flow rate is 20 mL/hr.

2. Heparin has been ordered at 2500 units per hour. The solution strength is 50,000 units in 1000 mL D5W. Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

50,000 units 2500 units = X mL 1000 mL or 50,000X = 1000 × 2500

50,000 units : 1000 mL = 2500 units : X mL 50,000X = 1000 × 2500

X = 50 mL/hr

X = 50 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 1000 mL 2500 units = × hr 50,000 units 1 hr 2500 units mL 1000 mL = 50 mL/hr × = 1 hr hr 50,000 units The flow rate is 50 mL/hr.

3. The order is to infuse 1100 units per hour from a 15,000 units in 1 L D5W solution.

Convert 1 L to mL. 1 L = 1000 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

15,000 units 1100 units = X mL 1000 mL or 15,000X = 1000 × 1100 X = 73.3 = 73 mL/hr

15,000 units : 1000 mL = 1100 units : X mL 15,000X = 1000 × 1100 X = 73.3 = 73 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 1000 mL 1L 1100 units = × × hr 1L 15,000 units 1 hr 1L 1100 units mL 1000 mL = 73.3 = 73 mL/hr × × = 1 hr hr 15,000 units 1L The flow rate is 73 mL/hr.

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4. An adult has orders for 50,000 units of heparin in 1000 mL D5W to infuse at a rate of 2000 units per hour.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

50,000 units 2000 units = 1000 mL X mL 50,000X = 1000 × 2000 or X = 40 mL/hr

50,000 units : 1000 mL = 2000 units : X mL 50,000X = 1000 × 2000 X = 40 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 1000 mL 2000 units = × hr 50,000 units 1 hr mL 1000 mL 2000 units = 40 mL/hr = × 1 hr hr 50,000 units The flow rate is 40 mL/hr.

5. Administer 1500 units per hour of heparin from an available strength of 40,000 units in 1 L. Convert 1 L to mL. 1 L = 1000 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

40,000 units 1500 units = X mL 1000 mL or 40,000X = 1000 × 1500 X = 37.5 = 38 mL/hr

40,000 units : 1000 mL = 1500 units : X mL 40,000X = 1000 × 1500 X = 37.5 = 38 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 1000 mL 1L 1500 units = × × hr 1L 40,000 units 1 hr 1L 1500 units mL 1000 mL = 37.5 = 38 mL/hr × × = 1 hr hr 40,000 units 1L The flow rate is 38 mL/hr.

Problems 21.3 (page 329)

1. An IV of 750 mL containing 30,000 units heparin running at 25 mL/hr.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

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750 mL 25 mL = X units 30,000 units 750X = 30,000 × 25 X = 1000 units/hr

Heparin Infusion Calculations

750 mL : 30,000 units = 25 mL : X units 750X = 30,000 × 25

or

X =1000 units/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. units 30,000 units 25 mL × = hr 750 mL 1 hr units 30,000 units 25 mL = = 1000 units/hr × hr 1 hr 750 mL 2. A solution of 20,000 units in 500 mL running at 30 mL/hr.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

500 mL 30 mL = X units 20,000 units or 500X = 20,000 × 30 X = 1200 units/hr

500 mL : 20,000 units = 30 mL : X units 500X = 20,000 × 30 X =1200 units/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. units 20,000 units 30 mL × = hr 500 mL 1 hr units 20,000 units 30 mL = = 1200 units/hr × hr 1 hr 500 mL 3. A 1 L volume of D5W containing heparin 30,000 units running at 40 mL/hr.

1 L = 1000 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

1000 mL 40 mL = 30,000 units X units 1000X = 30,000 × 40 or X = 1200 units/hr

1000 mL : 30,000 units = 40 mL : X units 1000X = 30,000 × 40 X = 1200 units/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. units 30,000 units 1L 40 mL × × = hr 1L 1000 mL 1 hr units 30,000 units 1L 40 mL = 1200 units/hr = × × 1 hr hr 1L 1000 mL Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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4. An IV of 1 L DNS containing 20,000 units heparin running at 30 mL/hr.

1 L = 1000 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

1000 mL 30 mL = 20,000 units X units 1000X = 20,000 × 30 or X = 600 units/hr

1000 mL : 20,000 units = 30 mL : X units 1000X = 20,000 × 30 X = 600 units/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. units 20,000 units 1L 30 mL × × = hr 1L 1000 mL 1 hr units 20,000 units 1L 30 mL = 600 units/hr = × × 1 hr hr 1L 1000 mL 5. A 25,000 units heparin in 500 mL solution running at 30 mL/hr.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

500 mL 30 mL = 25,000 units X units 500X = 25,000 × 30 or X = 1500 units/hr

500 mL : 25,000 units = 30 mL : X units 500X = 25,000 × 30 X = 1500 units/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. units 25,000 units 30 mL × = hr 500 mL 1 hr units 25,000 units 30 mL = 1500 units/hr = × 1 hr hr 500 mL 6. An IV of 1000 mL containing 40,000 units heparin running at 25 mL/hr.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

1000 mL 25 mL = 40,000 units X units 1000X = 40,000 × 25 or X = 1000 units/hr

1000 mL : 40,000 units = 25 mL : X units 1000X = 40,000 × 25 X = 1000 units/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. units 40,000 units 25 mL × = hr 1000 mL 1 hr units 40,000 units 25 mL = 1000 units/hr = × 1 hr hr 1000 mL Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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7. A 1000 mL solution with 45,000 units heparin running at 25 mL/hr.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

1000 mL 25 mL = X units 45,000 units or 1000X = 45,000 × 25 X = 1125 units/hr

1000 mL : 45,000 units = 25 mL : X units 1000X = 45,000 × 25 X = 1125 units/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. units 45,000 units 25 mL × = hr 1000 mL 1 hr units 45,000 units 25 mL = × = 1125 units/hr hr 1 hr 1000 mL 8. A solution of 1000 mL containing 25,000 units heparin running at 30 mL/hr.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

1000 mL 30 mL = X units 25,000 units 1000X = 25,000 × 30 or X = 750 units/hr

1000 mL : 25,000 units = 30 mL : X units 1000X = 25,000 × 30 X = 750 units/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. units 25,000 units 30 mL × = hr 1000 mL 1 hr units 25,000 units 30 mL = = 750 units/hr × hr 1 hr 1000 mL 9. A 1 L solution with 35,000 units heparin running at 45 mL/hr.

1 L = 1000 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

1000 mL 45 mL = 35,000 units X units 1000X = 35,000 × 45 or X = 1525 units/hr

1000 mL : 35,000 units = 45 mL : X units 1000X = 35,000 × 45 X = 1575 units/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. units 35,000 units 1L 45 mL = × × hr 1L 1000 mL 1 hr units 35,000 units 1L 45 mL = × × = 1575 units/hr hr 1 hr 1L 1000 mL Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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10. A 20,000 units in 500 mL solution running at 20 mL/hr.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

500 mL 20 mL = X units 20,000 units 500X = 20,000 × 20 or X = 800 units/hr

500 mL : 20,000 units = 20 mL : X units 500X = 20,000 × 20 X = 800 units/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. units 20,000 units 20 mL × = hr 500 mL 1 hr units 20,000 units 20 mL = × = 800 units/hr hr 1 hr 500 mL

Chapter 21 Summary Self-Test (page 330)

1. An adult is to receive heparin 1000 units/hr. The IV solution available has 25,000 units in 1 L D5W, and a pump will be used.

Convert 1 L to mL. 1 L = 1000 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

25,000 units 1000 units = 1000 mL X mL 25,000X = 1000 × 1000 or X = 40 mL/hr

25,000 units : 1000 mL = 1000 units : X mL 25,000X = 1000 × 1000 X = 40 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 1000 mL 1L 1000 units = × × hr 1L 25,000 units 1 hr mL 1000 mL 1L 1000 units = × × = 40 mL/hr hr 1 hr 1L 25,000 units The flow rate is 40 mL/hr.

2. A solution of 35,000 units heparin in 1 L D5W is to infuse via volumetric pump at 1200 units/hr.

Convert 1 L to mL. 1 L = 1000 mL Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

35,000 units 1200 units = X mL 1000 mL or 35,000X = 1000 × 1200 X = 34.2 = 34 mL/hr

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35,000 units : 1000 mL = 1200 units : X mL 35,000X = 1000 × 1200 X = 34.2 = 34 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 1000 mL 1L 1200 units = × × hr 1L 35,000 units 1 hr 1L 1200 units mL 1000 mL × × = = 34.2 = 34 mL/hr hr 1 hr 35,000 units 1L The flow rate is 34 mL/hr.

3. The order is for 1000 units heparin per hour. The solution strength is 20,000 units in 500 mL D5NS. Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

20,000 units 1000 units = 500 mL X mL or 20,000X = 500 × 1000 X = 25 mL/hr

20,000 units : 500 mL = 1000 units : X mL 20,000X = 500 × 1000 X = 25 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 500 mL 1000 units = × hr 20,000 units 1 hr mL 500 mL 1000 units = × = 25 mL/hr hr 1 hr 20,000 units The flow rate is 25 mL/hr.

4. The order is for 1250 units/hr of heparin from a solution strength of 15,000 units in 500 mL D5W. A pump is used to monitor the infusion.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

15,000 units 1250 units = 500 mL X mL or 15,000X = 500 × 1250 X = 41.6 = 42 mL/hr

15,000 units : 500 mL = 1250 units : X mL 15,000X = 500 × 1250 X = 41.6 = 42 mL/hr

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Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 500 mL 1250 units = × hr 15,000 units 1 hr mL 500 mL 1250 units = × = 41.6 = 42 mL/hr hr 1 hr 15,000 units The flow rate is 42 mL/hr.

5. A solution of 10,000 units heparin in 500 mL D5W is ordered to infuse at 1000 units/hr.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

10,000 units 1000 units = 500 mL X mL or 10,000X = 500 × 1000 X = 50 mL/hr

10,000 units : 500 mL = 1000 units : X mL 10,000X = 500 × 1000 X = 50 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 500 mL 1000 units = × hr 10,000 units 1 hr mL 500 mL 1000 units = × = 50 mL/hr hr 1 hr 10,000 units The flow rate is 50 mL/hr.

6. An IV of 1000 mL D5W with 40,000 units of heparin is to infuse at 1200 units/hr via pump.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

40,000 units 1200 units = 1000 mL X mL or 40,000X = 1000 × 1200 X = 30 mL/hr

40,000 units : 1000 mL = 1200 units : X mL 40,000X = 1000 × 1200 X = 30 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 1000 mL 1200 units = × hr 40,000 units 1 hr mL 1000 mL 1200 units = × = 30 mL/hr hr 1 hr 40,000 units The flow rate is 30 mL/hr.

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7. The order is to infuse 500 mL D5W with 25,000 units of heparin at 1500 units/hr.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

25,000 units 1500 units = 500 mL X mL or 25,000X = 500 × 1500 X = 30 mL/hr

25,000 units : 500 mL = 1500 units : X mL 25,000X = 500 × 1500 X = 30 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 500 mL 1500 units = × hr 25,000 units 1 hr mL 500 mL 1500 units = × = 30 mL/hr hr 1 hr 25,000 units The flow rate is 30 mL/hr.

8. 500 mL D5W with 30,000 units of heparin is to infuse via pump at 1500 units/hr.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

30,000 units 1500 units = 500 mL X mL or 30,000X = 500 × 1500 X = 25 mL/hr

30,000 units : 500 mL = 1500 units : X mL 30,000X = 500 × 1500 X = 25 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 500 mL 1500 units = × hr 30,000 units 1 hr mL 500 mL 1500 units = × = 25 mL/hr hr 1 hr 30,000 units The flow rate is 25 mL/hr.

9. The order is to infuse 1 L D5W with 45,000 units of heparin at 1875 units/hr.

Convert 1 L to mL. 1 L = 1000 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

45,000 units 1875 units = 1000 mL X mL or 45,000X = 1000 × 1875 X = 41.6 = 42 mL/hr

45,000 units : 1000 mL = 1875 units : X mL 45,000X = 1000 × 1875 X = 41.6 = 42 mL/hr

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Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 1000 mL 1L 1875 units = × × hr 1L 45,000 units 1 hr mL 1000 mL 1L 1875 units = × × = 41.6 = 42 mL/hr hr 1 hr 1L 45,000 units The flow rate is 42 mL/hr.

10. A rate of 500 units/hr is ordered using a 250 mL with 10,000 units IV solution.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

10,000 units 500 units = 250 mL X mL or 10,000X = 250 × 500 X = 12.5 = 13 mL/hr

10,000 units : 250 mL = 500 units : X mL 10,000X = 250 × 500 X = 12.5 = 13 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 250 mL 500 units = × hr 10,000 units 1 hr mL 250 mL 500 units = × = 12.5 = 13 mL/hr hr 1 hr 10,000 units The flow rate is 13 mL/hr.

11. A solution of 40,000 units in 1000 mL is to be used to infuse 1500 units/hr.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

40,000 units 1500 units = 1000 mL X mL or 40,000X = 1000 × 1500 X = 37.5 = 38 mL/hr

40,000 units : 1000 mL = 1500 units : X mL 40,000X = 1000 × 1500 X = 37.5 = 38 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 1000 mL 1500 units = × hr 40,000 units 1 hr mL 1000 mL 1500 units = × = 37.5 = 38 mL/hr hr 1 hr 40,000 units The flow rate is 38 mL/hr.

12. A rate of 1500 units/hr is ordered using a 30,000 units in 500 mL solution.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

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30,000 units : 500 mL = 1500 units : X mL 30,000X = 500 × 1500

or

X = 25 mL/hr

X = 25 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 500 mL 1500 units = × hr 30,000 units 1 hr mL 500 mL 1500 units = × = 25 mL/hr hr 1 hr 30,000 units The flow rate is 25 mL/hr.

13. Heparin 750 units/hr is ordered using an IV solution of 500 mL containing 5000 units heparin.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

5000 units 750 units = 500 mL X mL or 5000X = 500 × 750 X = 75 mL/hr

5000 units : 500 mL = 750 units : X mL 5000X = 500 × 750 X = 75 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 500 mL 750 units = × hr 5000 units 1 hr 750 units mL 500 mL = 75 mL/hr × = 1 hr hr 5000 units The flow rate is 75 mL/hr.

14. An IV solution of 10,000 units in 1000 mL of heparin is to infuse 500 units/hr.

Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

10,000 units 500 units = 1000 mL X mL or 10,000X = 1000 × 500 X = 50 mL/hr

10,000 units : 1000 mL = 500 units : X mL 10,000X = 1000 × 500 X = 50 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 1000 mL 500 units = × hr 10,000 units 1 hr mL 1000 mL 500 units = × = 50 mL/hr hr 1 hr 10,000 units The flow rate is 50 mL/hr.

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15. Heparin 1500 units per hour is to be infused using a solution strength of 15,000 units in 500 mL. Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

15,000 units 1500 units = 500 mL X mL or 15,000X = 500 × 1500 X = 50 mL/hr

15,000 units : 500 mL = 1500 units : X mL 15,000X = 500 × 1500 X = 50 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 500 mL 1500 units = × hr 15,000 units 1 hr mL 500 mL 1500 units = × = 50 mL/hr hr 1 hr 15,000 units The flow rate is 50 mL/hr.

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Chapter 22 Pediatric Oral and Parenteral Medications Chapter 22 Summary Self-Test (page 335) Part I 1. Prepare a 10 mg dosage of oxycodone; strength available is 20 mg/1 mL.

20 mg 10 mg = 1 mL X mL 20X = 1 × 10 X = 0.5 mL

20 mg : 1 mL = 10 mg : X mL or

20X = 1 × 10 X = 0.5 mL

To prepare 10 mg of oxycodone, you will need 0.5 mL. 2. Prepare a 125 mg dosage of penicillin V potassium; strength available is 250 mg/5 mL. 250 mg 125 mg = 250 mg : 5 mL = 125 mg : X mL X mL 5 mL 250X = 5 × 125 X = 2.5 mL

or

250X = 5 × 125 X = 2.5 mL

To prepare 125 mg of penicillin V potassium, you will need 2.5 mL. 3. Prepare 100 mg of amoxicillin; strength available is 50 mg/1 mL. 50 mg 100 mg = 50 mg : 1 mL = 100 mg : X mL X mL 1 mL or 50X = 1 × 100 50X = 1 × 100 X = 2 mL X = 2 mL To prepare 100 mg of amoxicillin, you will need 2 mL suspension.

4. Prepare 100 mg of Vantin®; strength available is 100 mg/5 mL. 100 mg 100 mg = 100 mg : 5 mL = 100 mg : X mL X mL 5 mL or 100X = 5 × 100 100X = 5 × 100 X = 5 mL X = 5 mL To prepare 100 mg of Vantin®, you will need 5 mL suspension.

5. Prepare 5 mg of Lomotil®; strength available is 2.5 mg/5 mL. 2.5 mg 5 mg = 2.5 mg : 5 mL = 5 mg : X mL X mL 5 mL or 2.5X = 5 × 5 2.5X = 5 × 5 X = 10 mL X = 10 mL To prepare 5 mg of Lomotil®, you will need 10 mL. Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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6. Prepare cefpodoxime proxetil 60 mg; strength available is 100 mg/5 mL. 100 mg 60 mg = 100 mg : 5 mL = 60 mg : X mL X mL 5 mL or 100X = 5 × 60 100X = 5 × 60 X = 3 mL X = 3 mL To prepare 60 mg of cefpodoxime proxetil, you will need 3 mL suspension.

7. Prepare Depakene® 150 mg; strength available is 250 mg/5 mL. 250 mg 150 mg = 250 mg : 5 mL = 150 mg : X mL 5 mL X mL 250X = 5 × 150 or 250X = 5 × 150 X = 3 mL X = 3 mL

To prepare 150 mg of Depakene®, you will need 3 mL. 8. Prepare 120 mg of acetaminophen; strength available is 60 mg/0.6 mL. 60 mg 120 mg = 60 mg : 0.6 mL = 120 mg : X mL 0.6 mL X mL 60X = 0.6 × 120 60X = 0.6 × 120 or X = 1.2 mL X = 1.2 mL To prepare 120 mg of acetaminophen, you will need 1.2 mL. 9. Prepare 187 mg of cefaclor; strength available is 187 mg/5 mL. 187 mg 187 mg = 187 mg : 5 mL = 187 mg : X mL 5 mL X mL or 187X = 5 × 187 187X = 5 × 187 X = 5 mL X = 5 mL To prepare 187 mg of cefaclor, you will need 5 mL suspension.

Part II 10. Prepare a 20 mg dosage of meperidine; strength available is 25 mg/1 mL. 25 mg 20 mg = 25 mg : 1 mL = 20 mg : X mL 1 mL X mL 25X = 1 × 20 or 25X = 1 × 20 X = 0.8 mL X = 0.8 mL To prepare a 20 mg dosage of meperidine, you will need 0.8 mL.

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11. A dosage of morphine 10 mg has been ordered; strength available is 15 mg/1 mL. 15 mg 10 mg = 15 mg : 1 mL = 10 mg : X mL 1 mL X mL 15X = 1 × 10 or 15X = 1 × 10 X = 0.67 mL X = 0.67 mL To prepare a 10 mg dosage of morphine, you will need 0.67 mL. 12. Draw up a 100 mg dosage of clindamycin; strength available is 150 mg/1 mL. 150 mg 100 mg = 150 mg : 1 mL = 100 mg : X mL 1 mL X mL 150X = 1 × 100 or 150X = 1 × 100 X = 0.67 mL X = 0.67 mL To prepare a 100 mg dosage of clindamycin, you will need 0.67 mL. Part III 13. Prepare a 40 mg dosage of meperidine; strength available is 50 mg/1 mL. 50 mg 40 mg = 50 mg : 1 mL = 40 mg : X mL 1 mL X mL 50X = 1 × 40 50X = 1 × 40 or X = 0.8 mL X = 0.8 mL To prepare a 40 mg dosage of meperidine, you will need 0.8 mL. 14. A dosage of Dilantin® 50 mg has been ordered; strength available is 250 mg/5 mL. 250 mg 50 mg = 250 mg : 5 mL = 50 mg : X mL 5 mL X mL 250X = 5 × 50 X = 1 mL

or

250X = 5 × 50 X = 1 mL

To prepare a 50 mg dosage of Dilantin®, you will need 1 mL. 15. Prepare a 6 mg dosage of morphine; strength available is 10 mg/1 mL. 10 mg 6 mg = 10 mg : 1 mL = 6 mg : X mL 1 mL X mL 10X = 1 × 6 10X = 1 × 6 or X = 0.6 mL X = 0.6 mL To prepare a 6 mg dosage of morphine, you will need 0.6 mL.

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Chapter 23 Pediatric Intravenous Medications Problems 23.1 (Page 343) 1. An IV medication of 75 mg in 3 mL is ordered diluted to 55 mL to infuse over 45 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

75 mg : 3 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

55 mL – 3 mL = 52 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

55 mL X mL 55 mL : 45 min = X mL : 60 min = 45 min 60 min 45X = 55 × 60 45X = 55 × 60 or X = 73.3 = 73 mL/hr X = 73.3 = 73 mL/hr X = 73 gtt/min X = 73 gtt/min

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 55 mL 60 min × = hr 45 min 1 hr mL 55 mL 60 min = = 73.3 = 73mL/hr × hr 1 hr 45 min or gtt 60 gtt 55 mL × = min 1 mL 45 min gtt 60 gtt 55 mL = 73.3 = 73 gtt/min = × 45 min min 1 mL

Set the flow rate at 73 gtt/min.

2. A dosage of 100 mg in 2 mL is diluted to 30 mL of D5W to infuse in 20 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

100 mg : 2 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

30 mL – 2 mL = 28 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

30 mL X mL 30 mL : 20 min = X mL : 60 min = 20 min 60 min 20X = 30 × 60 20X = 30 × 60 or X = 90 mL/hr X = 90 mL/hr X = 90 gtt/min X = 90 gtt/min Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 30 mL 60 min × = hr 20 min 1 hr mL 30 mL 60 min = = 90 mL/hr × hr 1 hr 20 min or gtt 60 gtt 30 mL × = min 1 mL 20 min gtt 60 gtt 30 mL = = 90 gtt/min × min 1 mL 20 min

Set the flow rate at 90 gtt/min.

3. The volume of a 10 mg dosage of medication is 1 mL. Dilute to 40 mL and administer over 50 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

10 mg : 1 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

40 mL – 1 mL = 39 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

40 mL X mL 40 mL : 50 min = X mL : 60 min = 50 min 60 min 50X = 40 × 60 50X = 40 × 60 or X = 48 mL/hr X = 48 mL/hr X = 48 gtt/min X = 48 gtt/min Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 40 mL 60 min × = hr 50 min 1 hr mL 40 mL 60 min = 48 mL/hr = × 1 hr hr 50 min or gtt 60 gtt 40 mL × = min 1 mL 50 min gtt 60 gtt 40 mL = × = 48gtt/min min 1 mL 50 min

Set the flow rate at 48 gtt/min.

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4. A dosage of 15 mg with a volume of 3 mL is to be diluted to 70 mL and administered in 50 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

15 mg : 3 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

70 mL – 3 mL = 67 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

70 mL X mL 70 mL : 50 min = X mL : 60 min = 50 min 60 min 50X = 70 × 60 50X = 70 × 60 or X = 84 mL/hr X = 84 mL/hr X = 84 gtt/min X = 84 gtt/min Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 70 mL 60 min × = hr 50 min 1 hr mL 70 mL 60 min = × = 84 mL/hr hr 1 hr 50 min or gtt 60 gtt 70 mL × = min 1 mL 50 min gtt 60 gtt 70 mL = × = 84 gtt/min min 1 mL 50 min

Set the flow rate at 84 gtt/min.

5. A medication of 1 g in 4 mL is to be diluted to 60 mL and infused over 90 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

1 g : 4 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

60 mL – 4 mL = 56 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

60 mL X mL 60 mL : 90 min = X mL : 60 min = 90 min 60 min 90X = 60 × 60 90X = 60 × 60 or X = 40 mL/hr X = 40 mL/hr X = 40 gtt/min X = 40 gtt/min

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Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 60 mL 60 min × = hr 90 min 1 hr mL 60 mL 60 min = × = 40 mL/hr hr 1 hr 90 min or gtt 60 gtt 60 mL × = min 1 mL 90 min gtt 60 gtt 60 mL = × = 40 gtt/min min 1 mL 90 min

Set the flow rate at 40 gtt/min.

Problems 23.2 (page 345)

1. A child weighing 24.4 kg has an IV of 250 mL of D5W containing 2500 units of a drug. The dosage range for this drug is 15–25 units/kg/hr. The pump is set to deliver 50 mL/hr.

Calculate the normal hourly dosage range.

15 units/kg/hr × 24.4 kg = 366 units/hr

25 units/kg/hr × 24.4 kg = 610 units/hr Calculate the dosage infusing per hour using the ratio and proportion method.

2500 units X units = 2500 units : 250 mL = X units : 50 mL 250 mL 50 mL 250X = 2500 × 50

or

X = 500 units/hr

250X = 2500 × 50 X = 500 units/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. units 2500 units 50 mL × = hr 250 mL 1 hr units 2500 units 50 mL = × = 500 units/hr hr 1 hr 250 mL The IV is infusing at a rate of 50 mL/hr, which is 500 units/hr. The normal dosage range is 366–610 units/hr. The dosage is within normal range.

2. A solution of D5W containing 25 mg of a drug is to infuse in 30 min. The dosage range is 4–8 mg/kg/day every 6 hours. The child weighs 18.7 kg.

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Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

4 mg/kg/day × 18.7 kg = 74.8 mg/day 8 mg/kg/day × 18.7 kg = 149.6 mg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 25 mg every 6 hours, which is 4 doses in 24 hours.

25 mg × 4 = 100 mg/day The dosage ordered, 100 mg/day, is within the normal range of 74.8–149.6 mg/day.

3. An IV solution containing 125 mg of medication is infusing. The dosage range is 5–10 mg/kg/dose, and the child weighs 14.2 kg.

Calculate the normal dosage range.

5 mg/kg/dose × 14.2 kg = 71 mg/dose 10 mg/kg/dose × 14.2 kg = 142 mg/dose The dosage ordered, 125 mg/dose, is within the normal range of 71–142 mg/dose.

4. A child weighing 14.3 kg is to receive an IV drug with a dosage range of 50–100 mcg/kg/day in two divided doses. An infusion of 50 mL of D5W containing 400 mcg to run 30 min has been ordered.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

50 mcg/kg/day × 14.3 kg = 715 mcg/day 100 mcg/kg/day × 14.3 kg = 1430 mcg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 400 mcg two times per day.

400 mcg × 2 = 800 mcg/day The dosage ordered, 800 mcg/day, is within the normal range of 715–1430 mcg/day.

5. A dosage of 4 mg (4000 mcg) of drug in 500 mL of D5 ½ S is to infuse in 4 hours. The dosage range of the drug is 24–120 mcg/kg/hr, and the child weighs 16.1 kg.

Calculate the normal hourly dosage range.

24 mcg/kg/hr × 16.1 kg = 386.4 mcg/hr 120 mcg/kg/hr × 16.1 kg = 1932 mcg/hr

Calculate mcg/hr if 4000 mcg is to infuse in 4 hours.

4000 mcg ÷ 4 hr = 1000 mcg/hr The dosage ordered, 1000 mcg/hr, is within the normal range of 386.4–1932 mcg/hr.

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6. A child weighing 20.9 kg is to receive a medication with a normal dosage range of 80–160 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 6 hours. The IV ordered contains 500 mg.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

80 mg/kg/day × 20.9 kg = 1672 mg/day 160 mg/kg/day × 20.9 kg = 3344 mg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 500 mg every 6 hours, which is 4 doses in 24 hours.

500 mg × 4 = 2000 mg/day The dosage ordered, 500 mg per dose of 2000 mg/day, is within the normal range of 1672–3344 mg/day.

7. A child weighing 22.3 kg is to receive 750 mL of D5 ¼ S containing 6 g of a drug, which is to run for 24 hours. The dosage range of the drug is 200–300 mg/kg/day.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

200 mg/kg/day × 22.3 kg = 4460 mg/day 300 mg/kg/day × 22.3 kg = 6690 mg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 6 g for 24 hours or per day.

6 g × 1000 mg/g = 6000 mg/day The dosage ordered, 6000 mg/day, is within the normal range of 4460–6690 mg/day.

8. An IV of 50 mL of D5W containing 55 mcg of a drug is infusing in a 30-min period. The child weighs 14.9 kg, and the dosage range is 6–8 mcg/kg/day, every 12 hours.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

6 mcg/kg/day × 14.9 kg = 89.4 mcg/day 8 mcg/kg/day × 14.9 kg = 119.2 mcg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 55 mcg every 12 hours or two times per day.

55 mcg × 2 = 110 mcg/day The dosage ordered, 110 mcg/day, is within the normal range of 89.4–119.2 mcg/day.

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9. A child weighing 27.1 kg is to receive a medication with a normal range of 0.5–1 mg/kg/dose. An IV containing 20 mg of medication has been ordered.

Calculate the normal dosage range.

0.5 mg/kg/dose × 27.1 kg = 13.55 = 13.6 mg/dose 1 mg/kg/dose × 27.1 kg = 27.1 mg/dose The dosage ordered, 20 mg, is within the normal range of 13.6–27.1 mg/dose.

10. An IV medication of 60 mcg in 200 mL is ordered to infuse in 2 hr. The normal dosage range is 1.5–3 mcg/kg/hr. The child weighs 16.7 kg.

Calculate the normal hourly dosage range.

1.5 mcg/kg/hr × 16.7 kg = 25.05 = 25.1 mcg/hr 3 mcg/kg/hr × 16.7 kg = 50.1 mcg/hr Calculate the hourly dosage range.

The dosage ordered is 60 mcg in 2 hr.

60 mcg ÷ 2 hr = 30 mcg/hr The dosage ordered, 30 mcg/hr, is within the normal range of 25.1–50.1 mcg/hr.

Chapter 23 Summary Self-Test (page 347)

1. An IV antibiotic of 750 mg in 3 mL has been ordered diluted to a total of 25 mL of D5W to infuse in 40 minutes.

Write the volume containing the medication.

750 mg : 3 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

25 mL – 3 mL = 22 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

25 mL X mL 25 mL : 40 min = X mL : 60 min = 40 min 60 min 40X = 25 × 60 40X = 25 × 60 or X = 37.5 = 38 mL/hr X = 37.5 = 38 mL/hr X = 38 gtt/min X = 38 gtt/min

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Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 25 mL 60 min = × hr 40 min 1 hr mL 25 mL 60 min = × = 37.5 = 38 mL/hr hr 1 hr 40 min or gtt 60 gtt 25 mL × = min 1 mL 40 min gtt 60 gtt 25 mL = × = 37.5 = 38 gtt/min min 1 mL 40 min

Set the flow rate at 38 gtt/min.

2. A dosage of 500,000 units of a penicillin preparation with a volume of 4 mL has been ordered diluted to 50 mL D5 ½ NS to infuse in 60 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

500,000 units : 4 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

50 mL – 4 mL = 46 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

50 mL X mL 50 mL : 60 min = X mL : 60 min = 60 min 60 min 60X = 50 × 60 60X = 50 × 60 or X = 50 mL/hr X = 50 mL/hr X = 50 gtt/min X = 50 gtt/min Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 50 mL 60 min × = hr 60 min 1 hr mL 50 mL 60 min = × = 50 mL/hr hr 1 hr 60 min or gtt 60 gtt 50 mL × = min 1 mL 60 min gtt 60 gtt 50 mL = × = 50 gtt/min min 1 mL 60 min

Set the flow rate at 50 gtt/min.

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3. A dosage of 1.5 g/2 mL of an antibiotic is to be diluted to a total of 40 mL of D5W and administered in 40 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

1.5 g : 2 mL 1.5 g = 1500 mg Calculate the dilution volume.

40 mL – 2 mL = 38 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

40 mL X mL 40 mL : 40 min = X mL : 60 min = 40 min 60 min 40X = 40 × 60 40X = 40 × 60 or X = 60 mL/hr X = 60 mL/hr X = 60 gtt/min X = 60 gtt/min Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 40 mL 60 min × = hr 40 min 1 hr mL 40 mL 60 min = × = 60 mL/hr hr 1 hr 40 min or gtt 60 gtt 40 mL × = min 1 mL 40 min gtt 60 gtt 40 mL = × = 60 gtt/min min 1 mL 40 min

Set the flow rate at 60 gtt/min.

4. An antibiotic dosage of 200 mg in 4 mL is to be diluted to 50 mL and administered in 70 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

200 mg : 4 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

50 mL – 4 mL = 46 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

50 mL X mL 50 mL : 70 min = X mL : 60 min = 70 min 60 min 70X = 50 × 60 70X = 50 × 60 or X = 42.8 = 43 mL/hr X = 42.8 = 43 mL/hr X = 43 gtt/min X = 43 gtt/min Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.

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Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 50 mL 60 min = × hr 70 min 1 hr mL 50 mL 60 min = × = 42.8 = 43 mL/hr hr 1 hr 70 min or gtt 60 gtt 50 mL × = min 1 mL 70 min gtt 60 gtt 50 mL = × = 43.8 = 43 gtt/min min 1 mL 70 min

Set the flow rate at 43 gtt/min.

5. A dosage of 20 mg in 2 mL has been ordered diluted to 30 mL to be infused in 35 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

20 mg : 2 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

30 mL – 2 mL = 28 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

30 mL X mL 30 mL : 35 min = X mL : 60 min = 35 min 60 min 35X = 30 × 60 35X = 30 × 60 or X = 51.4 = 51 mL/hr X = 51.4 = 51 mL/hr X = 51 gtt/min X = 51 gtt/min Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 30 mL 60 min × = hr 35 min 1 hr mL 30 mL 60 min = × = 51.4 = 51 mL/hr hr 1 hr 35 min or gtt 60 gtt 30 mL × = min 1 mL 35 min gtt 60 gtt 30 mL = × = 51.4 = 51 gtt/min min 1 mL 35 min

Set the flow rate at 51 gtt/min.

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6. A dosage of 25 mg in 5 mL has been ordered diluted to 40 mL and administered in 50 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

25 mg : 5 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

40 mL – 5 mL = 35 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

40 mL X mL 40 mL : 50 min = X mL : 60 min = 50 min 60 min 50X = 40 × 60 50X = 40 × 60 or X = 48 mL/hr X = 48 mL/hr X = 48 gtt/min X = 48 gtt/min Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 40 mL 60 min × = hr 50 min 1 hr mL 40 mL 60 min = × = 48 mL/hr hr 1 hr 50 min or gtt 60 gtt 40 mL × = min 1 mL 50 min gtt 60 gtt 40 mL = × = 48 gtt/min min 1 mL 50 min

Set the flow rate at 48 gtt/min.

7. A 10 mg in 2 mL dosage has been ordered diluted to 20 mL to infuse in 30 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

10 mg : 2 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

20 mL – 2 mL = 18 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

20 mL X mL 20 mL : 30 min = X mL : 60 min = 30 min 60 min 30X = 20 × 60 30X = 20 × 60 or X = 40 mL/hr X = 40 mL/hr X = 40 gtt/min X = 40 gtt/min

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Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 20 mL 60 min = × hr 30 min 1 hr mL 20 mL 60 min = × = 40 mL/hr hr 1 hr 30 min or gtt 60 gtt 20 mL × = min 1 mL 30 min gtt 60 gtt 20 mL = × = 40 gtt/min min 1 mL 30 min

Set the flow rate at 40 gtt/min.

8. A medication dosage of 800 mg in 4 mL is to be diluted to 60 mL and infused in 80 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

800 mg : 4 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

60 mL – 4 mL = 56 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

60 mL X mL 60 mL : 80 min = X mL : 60 min = 80 min 60 min 80X = 60 × 60 80X = 60 × 60 or X = 45 mL/hr X = 45 mL/hr X = 45 gtt/min X = 45 gtt/min Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 60 mL 60 min × = hr 80 min 1 hr mL 60 mL 60 min = × = 45 mL/hr hr 1 hr 80 min or gtt 60 gtt 60 mL × = min 1 mL 80 min gtt 60 gtt 60 mL = × = 45 gtt/min min 1 mL 80 min

Set the flow rate at 45 gtt/min.

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9. A dosage of 0.5 g in 2 mL is to be diluted to 40 mL and run in 30 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

0.5 g = 500 mg : 2 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

40 mL – 2 mL = 38 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

40 mL X mL 40 mL : 30 min = X mL : 60 min = 30 min 60 min 30X = 40 × 60 30X = 40 × 60 or X = 80 mL/hr X = 80 mL/hr X = 80 gtt/min X = 80 gtt/min Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 40 mL 60 min × = hr 30 min 1 hr mL 40 mL 60 min = × = 80 mL/hr hr 1 hr 30 min or gtt 60 gtt 40 mL × = min 1 mL 30 min gtt 60 gtt 40 mL = × = 80 gtt/min min 1 mL 30 min

Set the flow rate at 80 gtt/min.

10. A medication of 1000 mg in 1 mL is to be diluted to 15 mL and administered in 20 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

1000 mg : 1 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

15 mL – 1 mL = 14 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

15 mL X mL 15 mL : 20 min = X mL : 60 min = 20 min 60 min 20X = 15 × 60 20X = 15 × 60 or X = 45 mL/hr X = 45 mL/hr X = 45 gtt/min X = 45 gtt/min

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Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 15 mL 60 min = × hr 20 min 1 hr mL 15 mL 60 min = × = 45 mL/hr hr 1 hr 20 min or gtt 60 gtt 15 mL × = min 1 mL 20 min gtt 60 gtt 15 mL = × = 45 gtt/min min 1 mL 20 min

Set the flow rate at 45 gtt/min.

11. A dosage of 40 mg in 4 mL is to be diluted to 50 mL and administered in 90 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

40 mg : 4 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

50 mL – 4 mL = 46 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

X mL 50 mL = 90 min 60 min 90X = 50 × 60 X = 33.3 = 33 mL/hr Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 50 mL 60 min × = hr 90 min 1 hr mL 50 mL 60 min = × = 33.3 = 33 mL/hr hr 1 hr 90 min Set the flow rate at 33 mL/hr.

12. A 2 g in 5 mL dosage has been ordered diluted to a total of 90 mL and administered in 45 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

2 g : 5 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

90 mL – 5 mL = 85 mL

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Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

90 mL X mL = 45 min 60 min 45X = 90 × 60 X = 120 mL/hr Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 90 mL 60 min × = hr 45 min 1 hr mL 90 mL 60 min = × = 120 mL/hr hr 1 hr 45 min Set the flow rate at 120 mL/hr.

13. An 80 mg dosage with a volume of 2 mL is to be diluted to 80 mL and administered in 60 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

80 mg : 2 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

80 mL – 2 mL = 78 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

80 mL X mL = 60 min 60 min 60X = 80 × 60 X = 80 mL/hr

Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 80 mL 60 min = × hr 60 min 1 hr 60 min mL 80 mL = 80 mL/hr × = 1 hr hr 60 min Set the flow rate at 80 mL/hr.

14. A 60 mg dosage with a volume of 4 mL is ordered diluted to 30 mL and run in 20 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

60 mg : 4 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

30 mL – 4 mL = 26 mL

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Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

30 mL X mL = 20 min 60 min 20X = 30 × 60 X = 90 mL/hr Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 30 mL 60 min = × hr 20 min 1 hr mL 30 mL 60 min = = 90 mL/hr × hr 1 hr 20 min Set the flow rate at 90 mL/hr.

15. A 5 mg per 2 mL dosage is to be diluted to 80 mL and administered in 50 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

5 mg : 2 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

80 mL – 2 mL = 78 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

80 mL X mL = 50 min 60 min 50X = 80 × 60 X = 96 mL/hr Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 80 mL 60 min = × hr 50 min 1 hr 60 min mL 80 mL = 96 mL/hr × = 1 hr hr 50 min Set the flow rate at 96 mL/hr.

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16. The dosage ordered is 0.75 g in 3 mL to be diluted to 30 mL and infused in 40 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

0.75 g : 3 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

30 mL – 3 mL = 27 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

30 mL X mL = 40 min 60 min 40X = 30 × 60 X = 45 mL/hr Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 30 mL 60 min × = hr 40 min 1 hr mL 30 mL 60 min = × = 45 mL/hr hr 1 hr 40 min Set the flow rate at 45 mL/hr.

17. A medication of 100 mg in 2 mL is ordered diluted to 30 mL and run in 25 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

100 mg : 2 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

30 mL – 2 mL = 28 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

30 mL X mL = 25 min 60 min 25X = 30 × 60 X = 72 mL/hr Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 30 mL 60 min × = hr 25 min 1 hr mL 30 mL 60 min = × = 72 mL/hr hr 1 hr 25 min Set the flow rate at 72 mL/hr.

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18. The dosage ordered is 100 mg in 1 mL to be diluted to 50 mL and infused in 45 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

100 mg : 1 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

50 mL – 1 mL = 49 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

50 mL X mL = 45 min 60 min 45X = 50 × 60 X = 66.6 = 67 mL/hr Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 50 mL 60 min × = hr 45 min 1 hr mL 50 mL 60 min = × = 66.6 = 67 mL/hr hr 1 hr 45 min Set the flow rate at 67 mL/hr.

19. A 30 mg dosage in 1 mL has been ordered diluted to 10 mL to infuse in 10 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

30 mg : 1 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

10 mL – 1 mL = 9 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

10 mL X mL = 10 min 60 min 10X = 10 × 60 X = 60 mL/hr Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 10 mL 60 min × = hr 10 min 1 hr mL 10 mL 60 min = × = 60 mL/hr hr 1 hr 10 min Set the flow rate at 60 mL/hr.

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20. A dosage of 250 mg in 5 mL has been ordered diluted to 40 mL and infused in 60 min.

Write the volume containing the medication.

250 mg : 5 mL Calculate the dilution volume.

40 mL – 5 mL = 35 mL Solve using the ratio and proportion method.

40 mL X mL = 60 min 60 min 60X = 40 × 60 X = 40 mL/hr Solve using dimensional analysis. mL 40 mL 60 min × = hr 60 min 1 hr mL 40 mL 60 min = × = 40 mL/hr hr 1 hr 60 min Set the flow rate at 40 mL/hr.

21. A child weighing 15.4 kg is to receive a dosage with a range of 5–7.5 mg/kg/dose. The solution bag is labeled 100 mg.

Calculate the normal dosage range.

5 mg/kg/dose × 15.4 kg = 77 mg/dose 7.5 mg/kg/dose × 15.4 kg = 115.5 mg/dose Calculate the dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 100 mg.

The dosage ordered, 100 mg, is within the normal range of 77–115.5 mg/dose.

22. The order is for 200 units in 75 mL. The child weighs 13.1 kg, and the dosage range is 15–20 units/kg per dose.

Calculate the normal dosage range.

15 units/kg/dose × 13.1 kg = 196.5 units/dose 20 units/kg/dose × 13.1 kg = 262 units/dose Calculate the dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 200 units.

The dosage ordered, 200 units, is within the normal range of 196.5–262 units/dose.

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23. A dosage of 1.5 mg in 20 mL has been ordered. The normal dosage range is 0.1–0.3 mg/kg/day in two divided doses. The child’s weight is 12.4 kg.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

0.1 mg/kg/day × 12.4 kg = 1.24 = 1.2 mg/day 0.3 mg/kg/day × 12.4 kg = 3.72 = 3.7 mg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 1.5 mg per dose times 2 doses = 3 mg.

The dosage ordered, 3 mg, is within the normal range of 1.2–3.7 mg/day.

24. A dosage of 400 mg in 75 mL of medication is to be infused every 8 hours. The normal range is 15–45 mg/kg/day, and the child weighs 27.9 kg.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

15 mg/kg/day × 27.9 kg = 418.5 mg/day 45 mg/kg/day × 27.9 kg = 1255.5 mg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 400 mg every 8 hours, which is 3 doses in 24 hours.

400 mg × 3 = 1200 mg/day The dosage ordered, 400 mg per dose or 1200 mg/day, is within the normal range of 418.5–1255.5 mg/day.

25. A child weighing 15.7 kg is to receive a medication with a normal hourly range of 3–7 mcg/kg.

A 250 mL solution bag containing 350 mcg is infusing at a rate of 50 mL/hr.

Calculate the normal hourly dosage range.

3 mcg/kg/hour × 15.7 kg = 47.1 mcg/hour 7 mcg/kg/hour × 15.7 kg = 109.9 mcg/hour Calculate the hourly dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is a 250 mL solution containing 350 mcg infusing at a rate of 50 mL/hr.

250 mL 50 mL/hr = X mcg 350 mcg 250X = 50 × 350 X = 70 mcg/hr The dosage ordered, 70 mcg/hr, is within the normal range of 47.1–109.9 mcg/hr.

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26. A child weighing 19.6 kg is to receive a medication with a normal dosage range of 60–80 mg/kg/day. A 90 mL infusion containing 375 mg has been ordered every 6 hours.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

60 mg/kg/day × 19.6 kg = 1176 mg/day 80 mg/kg/day × 19.6 kg = 1568 mg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 375 mg every 6 hours, which is 4 doses in 24 hours.

375 mg × 4 = 1500 mg/day The dosage ordered, 375 mg per dose or 1500 mg/day, is within the normal range of 1176–1568 mg/day.

27. Two infusions of 250 mL, each containing 300 mg of medication, are to infuse continuously over a 24 hr period. The child receiving the infusion weighs 11.7 kg, and the normal dosage range of the drug is 50–100 mg/kg/day.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

50 mg/kg/day × 11.7 kg = 585 mg/day 100 mg/kg/day × 11.7 kg = 1170 mg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 300 mg two times per day.

300 mg × 2 = 600 mg/day The dosage ordered, 300 mg per dose or 600 mg/day, is within the normal range of 585–1170 mg/day.

28. The order is for 100 mL of D5W containing 150 mg of medication to infuse every 8 hours. The normal dosage range is 3–12 mg/kg/day, and the child weighs 40.1 kg.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

3 mg/kg/day × 40.1 kg = 120.3 mg/day 12 mg/kg/day × 40.1 kg = 481.2 mg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 150 mg every 8 hours, which is 3 doses in 24 hours.

150 mg × 3 = 450 mg/day The dosage ordered, 150 mg per dose or 450 mg/day, is within the normal range of 120.3–481.2 mg/day.

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29. A child has an infusion of 250 mL containing 500 units of medication to run at 50 mL/hr. The normal dosage range is 10–25 units/kg/hr. The child weighs 10.3 kg.

Calculate the normal hourly dosage range.

10 units/kg/hour × 10.3 kg = 103 units/hr 25 units/kg/hour × 10.3 kg = 257.5 units/hr Calculate the hourly dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is a 250 mL solution containing 500 units infusing at a rate of 50 mL/hr.

250 mL 50 mL/hr = X units 500 units 250X = 50 × 500 X = 100 units/hr The dosage ordered, 100 units per hour, is too low and not within the normal range of 103–257.5 units/hr.

30. The normal dosage range of a drug is 0.5–1.5 units/kg/hr. A child weighing 10.7 kg has a 150 mL volume of solution containing 45 units infusing at a rate of 20 mL/hr.

Calculate the normal hourly dosage range.

0.5 units/kg/hour × 10.7 kg = 5.35 = 5.4 units/hr 1.5 units/kg/hour × 10.7 kg = 16.05= 16.1 units/hr Calculate the hourly dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is a 150 mL solution containing 45 units infusing at a rate of 20 mL/hr.

150 mL 20 mL/hr = X units 45 units 150X = 45 × 20 X = 6 units/hr The dosage ordered, 6 units per hour, is within the normal range of 5.4–16.1 units/hr.

31. A child weighing 12.5 kg is receiving an IV of 2500 units of medication in 250 mL of D5W at 40 mL/hr. The normal dosage range is 10–25 units/kg/hr.

Calculate the normal hourly dosage range.

10 units/kg/hour × 12.5 kg = 125 units/hr 25 units/kg/hour × 12.5 kg = 312.5 units/hr Calculate the hourly dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is a 250 mL solution containing 2500 units infusing at a rate of 40 mL/hr.

250 mL 40 mL/hr = 2500 units X units 250X = 40 × 2500

X = 400 units/hr The dosage ordered, 400 units per hour, is too high and not within the normal range of 125–312.5 units/hr.

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32. A child with a weight of 10 kg is to receive a medication with a normal dosage range of 60–80 mg/kg/day. The order is for 200 mg every 6 hours.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

60 mg/kg/day × 10 kg = 600 mg/day 80 mg/kg/day × 10 kg = 800 mg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 200 mg every 6 hours, which is 4 doses in 24 hours.

200 mg × 4 = 800 mg/day The dosage ordered, 200 mg per dose or 800 mg/day, is within the normal range of 600–800 mg/day.

33. The order is for 0.5 g in 100 mL of D5W every 6 hours. The normal dosage range is 100–200 mg/kg/day. The child weighs 15 kg.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

100 mg/kg/day × 15 kg = 1500 mg/day 200 mg/kg/day × 15 kg = 3000 mg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 0.5 g or 500 mg every 6 hours, which is 4 doses in 24 hours.

500 mg × 4 = 2000 mg/day The dosage ordered, 500 mg per dose or 2000 mg/day, is within the normal range of 1500–3000 mg/day.

34. A continuous IV of 500 mL with 20 mEq KCl is infusing at 30 mL/hr. The dosage for potassium chloride should not exceed 40 mEq/day.

Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 500 mL continuous IV with 20 mEq KCL infusing at a rate of 30 mL/hr.

500 mL 30 mL/hr = X mEq 20 mEq 500X = 20 × 30 X = 1.2 mEq/hr 1.2 mEq × 24 hr = 28.8 mEq/day The dosage ordered, 1.2 mEq per hour, or 28.8 mEq/day is within the normal range of 40 mEq/day.

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35. A 24 kg child is receiving 116 mg of medication via IV 3 times each day (every 8 hours). The dosage range for this drug is 10–20 mg/kg/day.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

10 mg/kg/day × 24 kg = 240 mg/day 20 mg/kg/day × 24 kg = 480 mg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 116 mg 3 times per day.

116 mg × 3 = 348 mg/day The dosage ordered, 116 mg per dose or 348 mg/day, is within the normal range of 240–480 mg/day.

36. A child weighing 15 kg has an order for 40 mcg of medication in 75 mL D5W to infuse every 12 hours. The normal dosage range is 8–10 mcg/kg/day.

Calculate the normal daily dosage range.

8 mcg/kg/day × 15 kg = 120 mcg/day 10 mcg/kg/day × 15 kg = 150 mcg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 40 mcg every 12 hours, which is 2 doses in 24 hours.

40 mcg × 2 = 80 mcg/day The dosage ordered, 40 mcg per dose or 80 mcg/day, is too low and not within the normal range of 120–150 mcg/day.

37. The usual dosage for children is 50 mg/kg/24 hr in equally divided doses. The order is to infuse 50 mL with 290 mg every 6 hours. The child weighs 51 lb.

Calculate the weight in kg.

51 lb ÷ 2.2 kg/lb = 23.18 = 23.2 kg Calculate the normal daily dosage.

50 mg/kg/day × 23.2 kg = 1160 mg/day Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 290 mg every 6 hours, which is 4 doses in 24 hours.

290 mg ÷ 4 = 1160 mg/day The dosage ordered, 1160 mg/day, is equal to the normal dosage of 1160 mg/day.

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38. Order: 500 mL D5RL with 30 mEq KCl to infuse at 40 mL/hr. A maximum of 10 mEq/hr of KCl should not be exceeded, and the total 24 hr dosage should not exceed 40 mEq/day.

Calculate the daily dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 500 mL with 30 mEq KCL infusing at a rate of 40 mL/hr.

500 mL 40 mL/hr = X mEq 30 mEq 500X = 30 × 40 X = 2.4 mEq/hr 2.4 mEq × 24 hr = 57.6 = 58 mEq/day The dosage ordered, 2.4 mEq per hour or 58 mEq/day, is too high and not within the normal range of 40 mEq/day.

39. A child weighing 30 kg has an IV of 100 mL of D5W containing 600 mcg of medication to infuse in 2 hours. The normal range for this drug is 2–4 mcg/kg/hr.

Calculate the normal hourly dosage range.

2 mcg/kg/hour × 30 kg = 60 mcg/hour 4 mcg/kg/hour × 30 kg = 120 mcg/hour Calculate the hourly dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 600 mcg to infuse in 2 hours.

600 mcg ÷ 2 hours = 300 mcg/hr The dosage ordered, 300 mcg/hr, is too high and not within the normal range of 60–120 mcg/hr.

40. 150 mL with 18 mg of medication is ordered to infuse in 10 hours. The normal range for this drug is 0.2–0.6 mg/kg/hr. The child weighs 9 kg.

Calculate the normal hourly dosage range.

0.2 mg/kg/hr × 9 kg = 1.8 mg/hr 0.6 mg/kg/hr × 9 kg = 5.4 mg/hr Calculate the hourly dosage ordered.

The dosage ordered is 18 mg to infuse in 10 hours.

18 mg ÷ 10 hr = 1.8 mg/hr The dosage ordered, 18 mg or 1.8 mg/hr, is within the normal range of 1.8–5.4 mg/hr.

Instructor’s Manual to accompany Curren’s Math for Meds, eleventh edition. © Cengage Learning 2015.