Portfolio Yu

FORM · GREEN · MATERIAL ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO

WANG YU

Development of of library library Development Libraryisiswealth wealthof ofhuman humanbeing.Originally,the being.Originally,themedium medium Library ofrecord recordare arefur furand andstone,ect.Once stone,ect.Oncelibrary librarywas wasaffilicated affilicated of tomonastry.With monastry.Withthe thedevelopment developmentof ofpaper paperand andskills skillsof of to copy, public public libraries libraries were were built. built. Steel Steel structure structure brought brought copy, library long-span long-span space.In space.In contemporary contemporary project,Aalto project,Aalto library built aa comfortable comfortable and and functional functional library.Nowdays,the library.Nowdays,the built medium of of words words has has been been partly partly replaced replaced by by digital digital medium world,whatisisthe thelibrary librarywould would be? be? world,what

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LibraryofofAshurbanipal Ashurbanipal Library

Malatestianalibrary libraryofofCesena Cesena Malatestiana

Laurenzianalibrary library Laurenziana

Sainte-GenevièveLibrary Library Sainte-Geneviève

media media

monastry monastry

copy copy

steelmaterial material steel

Wolfsburgmunicipal municipalLibrary Library Wolfsburg

comfortand andusability usability comfort

BelgradeCity CityLibrary Library Belgrade

digitallibrary library digital

University library walking,searching,transparency walking,searching,transparency Time:2016 Sep-Nov Sep-Nov Time:2016 Tutor:Zhongfeng Wang Wang Tutor:Zhongfeng Site:Jia Xing Xing Site:Jia Type:indivival work Type:indivival work individual work

up up

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55 66

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Site design--outdoor design--outdoor space space Site The narrow narrow roads roads surrounding surrounding the the library library are are crowded crowded when when students students pass pass through through to to or or from from The classroomsatatthe thesame sametime.To time.Torelief reliefthe thecongestion,accessible congestion,accessiblewalking walkingspace spaceisisdesigned designedin inthis thissite. site. classrooms

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88 up up 99

33 33

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11 11

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dormitory dormitory teachingarea area teaching

wayfrom/to from/to way wayfrom/to from/to way

siteplan plan site

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35 35

NN up up

after after

before before

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walking,searching,transparency walking,searching,transparency With the the digital digital library library appearing, appearing, many many students students With chooseto toread readand anddo dohomework homeworkin inthe thelibrary,both library,both choose of which which need need rest,and rest,and that that isis what what II focus focus on.Eye on.Eye of relaxing and and body body relaxing relaxing are are healthy healthy ways ways for for relaxing long-sitting people.To people.To meet meet these these need,transparent need,transparent long-sitting and circulated circulated space space isis needed. needed. The The road road which which and dominates the the library library was was designed designed atat first.Somefirst.Somedominates times itit divides divides space,and space,and sometimes sometimes itit connects connects times them.Theseinspire inspirestudents studentsto tosearch. search. them.These

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circulation circulation

ground floor floor design design ground Part of of ground ground floor floor isis open open to to the the outside outside directly directly ,, auditorium auditorium for for evacuation,bookstore evacuation,bookstore and and coffee coffee Part shop for for commerical commerical service,and service,and transparent transparent wall wall for for exhibition.There exhibition.There isis aa semi-outer semi-outer parking parking space space shop whichcan canalso alsobe bethe theshelter shelterfor forstray straydogs.Magazine dogs.Magazineroom roomand andelectronic electronicreading readingroom roomare arearranged arranged which onthis thisfloor floorfor fortimeliness timelinessand andconvenience. convenience. on

magazineroom room 11magazine

bookstore 55bookstore

electrionicreading readingroom room 22electrionic

exhibitionarea area 66exhibition

coffeeshop shop 99coffee

office 33office

washingroom room 77washing

10auditorium auditorium 10

parking 44parking

staircase 88staircase

11courtyard courtyard 11

groundfloor floorplan plan ground 00 22 55

10 10

NN

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The design of plans To create a simultaneous perception of different spatial locations,the method “phenomenal transparency” is used to organized the space.Such space fluctuates in a continuous activity.

Plans are organized by its function.With floor level rises,the space are smaller and more independent to provide a quiet and relatively private environment.While the first two floor are more dynamic for searching and communicating.

Separate,cut,connect,brance,slope methods are used to order the plans.The road plays an important role to form the plan,divides them,connects them ,or be the extension of them.

axonometric +2m

axonometric +6m

axonometric +17m

axonometric +19m

a large part and pieces

separate cut connect brance slope

separate cut connect

a complete plane

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walkway relaxing place bookcase studying room

stack Type of space

basic relationships

stack&relaxing place

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walkway&relaxing place

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6.9m

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4.95m

10

15.9m

down 4.5m

stack&stack

down

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up down

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walkway&stack

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down

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axonometric +10.5m down 4.5m

up

up

down up down

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2.7m

6 18m 20.1m

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up

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down

up

up

2 wn do

18.1m

wn do

down

up

4.95m

1 2

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down

down up up

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9 20.4m

up

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first floor plan

axonometric northeast

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Walking through the entrance,a yard is in front .Two paths are diverged here,one is for reading ,another for studying .The hall is on the right with a separated space for new books.On the west side,there are two offices for book repairing which are separated by glass for demenstration.

1 reading room 2 open stacks

top floor plan

0 2

5

10

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On the south-east side ,there is a closed stack with a ramp passing through it for exhibition and no touch.The floor starts to slope on this storey on the east side.One is modernate for bookcases,another is a little steep but suitable for sitting and laying,all these creates a relax environment for reading.

3 offices

5 workshop

7 washing room

9 closed stacks

11 courtyard

4 hall

6 new book area

8 staircase

10 single room

12 roof garden

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Architecture is not simply about space and form, but also about event, action, and what happens in space.

B.Tschumi The 15 axonometric sections are tiled like moive scripts.The dotted line show the movement in each part and the continuous colored slope connect those parts which look dynamic.The number of dotted line are quiet different between north side and south side,that is due to the function streamline.

Particular space and its scenes are showed to demonstrate the possible events or interactions in this library.When students are tired of study or reading,such space can relax them and inspire them to feel the physical world.

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Dormitory in forest awe, respect, love

Time:2020 Aug-Oct Site:Jing'an, Jiangxi Type:individual work Background

The site of this design is located in Sanzhaolun Township in the north of Jing’an County, Jiangxi Province. It is a township established on the basis of a state-run forest farm.

The task of this design is to renovate the old dormitory of Sanzhalun Forest Farm. While preserving the architectural style and features, it restores its use value and transforms it into a homestay to serve tourists where experience the customs and habits borning on the natural environment surrounded by mountains, and at the same time bringing some economic benefits.

It can be seen from the three-dimensional topographical map that Sanzhalun Forest Farm is a treasure land with beautiful scenery and pleasant air. It is very close to the Provincial Highway S309 which is an advantage to travel around.

Site The main building is enclosed on three sides, forming a large courtyard, presenting a living atmosphere. The original building is a brick-wood structure and the structure is in good condition.

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Balcony - Love Every household basically has a roof balcony, and residents can easily enjoy the starry sky in their own room.

Tree structure - Respect The tree-shaped structure continues the forest and support the glass box.

Glass box - Awe The glass box creates a sense of territory and can protect users from mosquito bites.

It is designed mainly for families.Pair travel with friends are also welcomed. The life in forest farm is a mode of living together. From this character, the target group is determined as a family trip or a trip with a few friends.

Existing interior space Each room is small and some improvements are needed. Behind the main building is a row of low houses with small scale and good structure.

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Redesign interior space

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First, some partition walls were removed to increase the size of the space, and then one more floor was added due to the large height of the sloping roof. According to the difference of the room types, two different structural methods are adopted, one is using beams and columns, and the other is to built on the original brick wall structure.

The two types of structures are interleaved to ensure the stability of the brick wall. In addition, due to the outer glass box, the original roof is no longer affected by external forces, I do not change the original structure .

Demolish part

Add part

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Ground floor plan 1:250

A

1.Reception room 2.Restaurant 3.Guest room 4.Public space 5.Guard room

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A-A section 1:150

B-B section 1:150

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For this type of room, a floor is added to form a loft. The public areas are mainly concentrated on the second floor. The living room and dining room are organically combined with the balcony to provide a different communication experience.

Type A

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In order to provide more beds, bunk beds are set up. The organic combination of the bed on the second floor and the corner staircase emphasizes the independence of the bed and increases the richness in height. The staircase separates the connection between the main bed and the bunk bed, making the space more independent.

For this type of room, a floor is added to form a loft. The ground floor is mainly public areas, living room, dining room kitchen, and toilets. The second floor is a sleeping and resting area, which is relatively private and quiet.

Type B The 3.4m sliding door protects the privacy of the second floor space while isolating the living room and kitchen space. The sliding door at the entrance provides a transition to the living room, and flexible changes make the living room look more wide.

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Residential house district community,green ,green,diversity ,diversity community Time:2017Sep-Dec Sep-Dec Time:2017 Tutor:WenjieChen Chen Tutor:Wenjie Site:ShangHai Hai Site:Shang Type:indivival work Type:indivival work individual work

Thisproject projectisisbased basedon onaaresearch researchofof This contemprory Shanghai Shanghai dwellings dwellings contemprory whichisispublished publishedininthe theform formofofaa which book called called MORE MORE THAN THAN book LIVING. LIVING. With wider wider mind mind ofof Shang Shang hai hai With modernresidence residenceand andcompare comparewith with modern global residental residental environment,one environment,one global conclusion inin this this research research isis about about conclusion the dull dull form,which form,which isis also also the the the problem ofof most most chinese chinese residence residence problem house.These buildings buildings are are built built inin aa house.These rapidbut butmess messdeveloping developingperiod,reperiod,rerapid maining aa can-live can-live but but not not livable livable maining circumstance.A site site isis picked picked toto circumstance.A explorethe thepossibility possibilityofof residential residential explore housedesign designfor forbetter betterliving living. . house

Type1 Type1

Type22 Type

Type33 Type

Type44 Type

??

Type55 Type

connectionlevel level connection

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Situation&method Situation&method Thesefive fivetypes typesofofdistricts districtsshow showthe theevoluation evoluationofofShanghai Shanghaivernacular vernaculardwellings.And dwellings.Andmost mostofofthem them These exist inin this this site,especially,tpye site,especially,tpye 4,a 4,a six-story six-story buildings.Obivously buildings.Obivously ,with ,with larger larger distance distance between between exist buildings,moregreen greenspace spaceare areprovided,however,the provided,however,thedistance distancebetween betweenpeople peopleare arelarger largereither.These either.These buildings,more inspireme metotodesign designaagreen greenand andfriendly friendlydistrict districtfor forresidence residencetotolive livein. in. inspire As toto single single building,the building,the centre centre ofof house house isis disappear disappear gradually,the gradually,the relationship relationship ofof rooms rooms are are As weaking,people lack lack centre centre toto connect connect with with each each other other which which evoke evoke their their lifes lifes and and redefine redefine weaking,people themselves.In Inall allthese theseperspective,I perspective,Ipropose proposethe theproject projectasassix six-story -storybuilding buildingwith withaacentral centralatrium. atrium. themselves.

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siteplan plan site

Site organization

Define the feature

Some problems are shown clearly:the organzition is dull ,the road and volume do not match with each other,and this form does not fit the triangle site.To solve all these problems,several forms are listed below which generates the final proposal.

Use common 45,60,90,120,135 degree to define the features.Considering several elements like utility,sunlight,passway and diversity,three of them are chosen as exemple to explore the possible form of the site.

60,60,120,120

60,90,90,120

45,90,90,135

fix points to meet the shape of site

arrange roads and public space in average

add one common type volumes

Group assessment communication center

It can be used as a plaza or a square for most entrances are placed on the inside.

use triangle volume to meet the site

distort the volume to meet the road and site

distort the volume in one edge to meet the triangle site

rotate the volume to meet the road

add new form in the site and change the form of the road

change the volume and arrange them with rotating

path

It can be used as path for most entrances are placed on the outside.

no existence

It does not exist for lacking sunlight and terrible shapes.

Passway design The three pictures show the same group of volumes with differnent passways.The main reason is the surroundings,for instance,city roads and buildings around can affect the passway.Meanwhile,the similar character of these three passway organization is the center,people can meet,chat,or play with each other there.

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Detailed site plan

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Entrance of the building

Central square

Express delivery station

Night market square

Concept design This diagram shows the logical concept design of each building,ranging from atrium, public space, small yard to the detail of some houses.All these space are connected by stairs,elevators,windows,or doors.The rank of the space is readable from this diagram.

City park

Grass

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Building design system This building is one of the three types of house showing before,each of them is organized in the same way to explore the diversity of apartments,the possibilities of elevation,the relationship of public and privacy and the form of public space.All these are aimed to provide residents a better environment to live.

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The central atrium provide sun light,ventilation,stable structure,and connect the residents whether just eye interaction or face to face talk.Courtyard is important in Chinese life,it gives resident more connection but have been replaced by online interactions.I believe new function of yard could be created.

Three vertical staircases system operate the house without the corridor to provide better ventilation ,sunlight and privacy.In each floor,the shape of public space alternate with scale of space,yards and blowing space .All these elements break the restriction of floor and connect residents firmly.

Axonometric :first floor-sixth floor 18

N

Plan organization Close to public space are kitchen, living room or yard,ensuring quietness and privacy of bedrooms.In addition,some rooms show positive attitudes to public space in the way of opening windows to them.

The special form is divided into different scales,that means residents with different background can live together which is more multiple culture and will have various interactions.

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plan:first floor-sixth floor

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Indoor public space design There are 14 activities and 7 types of public space matching with each other in five periods to simulate the possible events in each space and time.Residence will have multiple choices to meet their own preference and that is why I change the public space on each floor which shows on the right.

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playing boardgames

large space

doing homework

rehearsaling

middle space

staying with plants

doing exercise

small space

playing

watching moive

windows

sharing skills

having party

blowing

drawing or reading

chatting

yard

waiting

celebrating

atrium

sitting alone

86.5m2 2B+K+W+DLY

80.7m2 2B+K+W+DLY

120m2 3B+K+W+DL2Y

91m2 3B+K+W+DLY

91m2 3B+K+W+DLY

51m2 B+K+W+DL

92m2 3B+W+KDLY

92m2 3B+K+W+DLY

151m2 5B+K+2W+DL2Y

96m2 3B+K+W+DL2Y

105m2 3B+K+W+DL2Y

68m2 2B+K+W+DLY

92m2 3B+K+W+DLY

86m2 2B+W+KDLY

133m2 4B+K+2W+DL2Y

96m2 3B+K+W+DL2Y

105m2 3B+K+W+DLY

68m2 2B+K+W+DLY

96m2 3B+K+W+DLY

70m2 B+K+W+DLY

51m2 B+W+KDL

75m2 2B+K+W+DLY

68m2 2B+W+KDLY

26.5m2 B+K+W+D&L

53m2 B+K+W+DLY

Apartment List

96m2 3B+K+W+DLY

96m2 3B+K+W+DLY

53m2 B+K+W+DL

53m2 B+W+KDL

This building is consist of different scales of apartment ranging from 26.5m2 for a single to151m2 for a large family which are connected by public space ,and provide a multiple cultural environment.Because of the shape of building,the orientation of windows create unique shadow for resident which could be a special memory.The two side windows also create convection current to ventilate the room.

B:bedroom K:kichen W:washroom D:dinning room L:living room Y:yard

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Elevation design It is common that the same type of residential houses in China have the same face.This may make resident mistake their house or make visitor difficult to recognize.Fnding a way to make the face more characteristic is necessary.By designing four components showing below,elevation looks clean and diverse,giving residence a unique and comfortable impression.Besides,the four components also affect the interior space.The scale and height of window affect sight,the number of windows affect continuation,and the location of yards affect the spatial arrangement.Actually,these are all interrelated.

scale of window

continuation of windows

location of yards

height of windows four components in elevation design and their effects

Apartment organization&form study To solve the narrow corner in some apartments,I design a small yard which is grouped with living room and dinning room as public space for each family. This form is used in apartment organization widely. Yard is memory of Chinese house.It provides ample sunlight ,fresh air and plants for comfortable and natural living ,and connects the whole family lik traditional Chinese quadrangle.The location of the small yard is affected by narrow corner,elevation,and the scale of the apartment.In order to achieve the diversity of the apartment ,26 different apartments are designed and concluded into 5 types.

These organization systems wide my mind to arrange the room in apartment and can be used in former square plan which we seldom think like that.Just add or cut a triangle piece and you willI see that.I think that is the most important thing in this study.

Type1:no yard----public yard scale of apartment:small shape of group:small and compact character:there is no yard in this type,residents may be the regular users of the public yard.

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Type2:forking--public-private scale of apartment:middle shape of group:forking character:yard extends the space of living room and act like a room which makes it less public.

southeast elevation

Type3:transition----dynamic-static scale of apartment:middle shape of group:in a line character:yard is located at the entrance of the house or rooms which weaken the difference of them. Because of this transition function,the yard is not static but dynamic and multi-function.

west elevation perspective

1:500

Type4:surrounded---center of house scale of apartment:middle shape of group:well-distributed and fit the outline character: the group of living room,dinning room and small yard is surrounded by other rooms and act like the center status.

1:500

Type5:series---traditional two-yard quadrangles. scale of apartment:large shape of group:in a line character:yard provides users flexible and rich expercience in the series of void and solid,inside and outside space,just like traditional two-yard quadrangles.The character of each yard is among the other four types.

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Figure 4.4 Original site plan 1:2

Container Housing

Shopping mall

Ultra-low-cost, Ultra-low-environmental-impact, Chapter 4 in hot-summer and cold-winter climate zone Site design Time: 2023 April-December Professor: Gian Luca Brunetti Site: Nanjing 4.1 Site analysis Type: individual work 4.1.1 Location

Site analysis

High school

N Middle school Civic center

Site area

Bus station

function Municipal Service Center tion, com can be s rather d

College

Police station

The Edu

Figure 4.4 Original site plan 1:2500 Police station

Retail Civic Center

n proposal - Site design n proposal - Site design

Figure 4

Retails

This site is located in Pukou district in the northwest of Nanjing and on the north bank of the Yangtze River, as shown in Figure 4.1. As an important part of the Jiangbei New Area, Pukou shows the potential of Nanjing's industrial development, innovative practice, and urban-rural integration. Additionally, the Pukou District is rich in natural resources, including large green spaces, forests, rare plants and animals.

The site is located in Pukou district in the northwest of Nanjing and on the north bank of the Yangtze River. Nanjing Port owns lots of shipping container resources which is used as the main resources to build low-cost and low-environmental-impact housing.

4.1.2 S

Shopping mall Bus station

Municipal Service Center

labelled

ronmen up, learn Figure 4.5-Figure 4.9 Existing site

Tax department 44 Bus station school PartBureau 2 ofDesign design Transportation proposal - SiteMiddle Bus station Part 2 Design proposal - Site design Subway station Bus station Primary school

Strategies Strategies

Strategies

Within 1.5 km of the site, there are many bus stops, a subway station, some schools, and administrative buildings. The environment at the location is low speed, quiet, less expensive, with fresh air, but a bit desolate.

Park

ight hours analysis Roof strategy ight hours analysis

Strategies Strategies

Park

Government

Sunlight hours analysis Roof strategy Wall strategy Sunlight hours analysis Roof strategy Figure 4.3 Site and surrounding area1.5 within Site and surrounding area within km 1.5 km

Figure 4.1 Site in Nanjing

Site microclimate analysis and strategies

High school

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Roof strategy Wall strategy Roof strategy Wall strategy Existing site photos

opment oped wh develop meet pe

The surr

from the the site, activitie which ar

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Nanjing is in hot summer and cold winter climate zone, from the simulation in grasshopper, the roof and south facades receive the greatest solar energy. Therefore, the roof is designed into three parts to prevent the solar and use solar water heater to transfer solar energy to generate domestic hot water.

Sunshadeshours are common in Nanjing, and in this design takes the shape ember sunlight analysis of the balcony. Their performance are also simulated in grasshopper ember sunlight hours analysis which shows nice effect to block the plan solar 1:200 gain.

Typical roof

Planting area

Solar water heaters

Roof gardenPlanting area

Planting area

Typical roof secion

Typical roof secion 1:200 ebruary sunlight hours analysis 24 ebruary sunlight hours analysis

June-September Figure 4.5-Figure 4.9 Existing photos with balcony June-Septembersunlight sunlighthours hoursanalysis analysis with balcony June-September sunlight hourssite analysis sunlight hours analysis June-September sunlight hours analysis with balcony June-September hours analysis and June-September public spacesunlight on main facade and public space sunlight on main hours facadeanalysis with balcony June-September 44 Typical roof plan 1:200 and public space on main facade Typical roof plan 1:200 Typical roof plan 1:200 Planting area Solar water heaters Roof garden Typical roof plan 1:200 Solar water heaters Solar water heaters

Roof garden Roof garden

Planting area

Solar water heaters

Roof garden

December-February sunlight sunlight hours analysis December-February sunlight hoursroof analysis with balcony Typical secion 1:200 December-February hours analysisanalysis with December-February sunlight hours December-February sunlight hours analysis with TypicalDecember-February roof secion 1:200 Typical roof secion 1:200 hours balcony and publicsunlight space on mainanalysis facade balcony and public space on main facade December-February sunlight hours analysis with Typical roof secion 1:200

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1.Entry 2.Parking entry 3.Roof garden 4.Solar water heaters 5.Planting area 6. Park 7.Children area 8.Garden 9. Gym 10.Basketball court 11. Plant infrastructure 12. Climbing infrastructure 13.Pool

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Figure 4.10 Masterplan 1:1000

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gatherings with neighbours, and micro-climate This site has three blocks for residential buildings, and each block has its own entrance. tect the residents' privacy. There are some trees and for outdoor recreati on, lot is onfurnitures the boundary of the site which will no The ground floor is elevated 0.6 metres above the ground to safeguard the privacy of its with neighbours, and micro-climate control. Since the entrance of the parking gatherings This site has three blocks for residential buildings, and each block hasrailings its ownas entrance. residents.

There is high partition between the buildings and the street lottois proon the boundary of the site which will not affect the inhabitants' life and privacy.

The ground floor is elevated 0.6 metres above the ground to safeguard the privacy of its residents. There is high railings as partition between the buildings and the street to pro-

Ground ßoor

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1 1 3 3

3 3 2 2

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1.Public parking 2.Inhabitant parking 3.Water storage Figure 4.21 Underground floor 1:1250 53

1:1000 3

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Figure 4.22 Site plan 1:500 54

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ound floor 1:1250

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Underground floor plan 53

Figure 4.22 Site plan 1:500

Figure 4.23 Site plan 1:500 Site plan 1:750

Figure 4.23 Site plan 1:500

Master Plan Design In order to active this area and build some low-cost and low-environmentalimpact residential buildings, a park and some residential buildings are designed in this site. Considering that there is a police station on the south-east side of the site, the largest block of the site was designed as a park to build a transition place between police and public, and also provide spaces to accommodate various needs and outdoor activities for public.

Part 2 Design proposal - Site design

Park design

Park design The park is designed into four parts, the large garden area, the gym and basketball court, the children area, and the remaining space. The park aims to be free, sustainable, and green.

In addition, it responds to Nanjing's traditional Chinese garden and offers large places for the public to exercise.

The park is designed into four parts, the large garden area, the gym and basketball court, the children area, and the remaining space. The park aims to be free, sustainable, and green. In addition, it responds to Nanjing's traditional Chinese garden and offers large places for the public to exercise.

The garden design is mainly through the design of form, function, and material from green space, lake, pavilion, corridor, path, and artificial mountains aspects to response to the traditional Chinese Garden.

Gym It is a defined place with the electricity generating gym equipment for people to do exercise and raise their level of sustainability awareness.

Basketball court It is a place for people with all ages to play basketball here, and two corner places are for people to train their shooting skills.

Reused Shipping container The 20- and 40-foot shipping containers utilised in this park's design are intended in three different ways: the climbing infrastructure, the hanging on structure, and the furnitures. Through cutting, folding, rotating, welding, and bolting, etc, to reuse the shipping container, identify and utilize its remaining values.

Remaining space The remaining space is very organic and has very unique form. This gives individuals the freedom to utilise the space whichever best suits their requirements. In addition to walking, people can dance, play badminton, fly kites, play with dogs, and do exercise together in the large remaining space.

Park design, second floor, and the diagram

Park design, second floor, and the diagram 28

1:1000

Pool

Small garden

It creates the boundary in the garden space and gives it character. And it organic form makes it unique in blocking and connecting the space depending on the width of the pool in different positions.

Those small gardens are designed for public to relax, interact, socialise, and have fun together

Fountain Fountain creates the boundaries between gate and garden, children area and garden, and its height increases the richness of the water element in this park.

Corridor This corridor is a reaction to the zigzag corridor in traditional Chinese gardens. It organizes the park and connects each small garden areas, its form makes the space dynamic. And the two-floor corridor increases the experience of the space.

1:1000

Tree garden It is composed by plenty of trees to adjust the micro-climate and increase the experience of the park.

Wayside pavilion Those wayside pavilions are made of the reused shipping container with the climbing plants along the path and there are also some outdoor furnitures for people to have rest here.

Children area It is designed 2 meters below the ground, which is more convenient for parents to watch their children without interrupt them.

imbing Climbing infrastructure Climbing infrastructure infrastructure

Hanging Hanging on Hanging plants on plants on plants

Furniture Furniture design Furniture designdesign

Hanging onHanging plants axonometrics, onHanging plants axonometrics, on plants plans,axonometrics, andplans, facades andplans, facades and facades

Furnitures Furnitures axonometrics, Furnitures axonometrics, plans,axonometrics, andplans, facades andplans, facades and fac

20mm Vegetation 20mm mat Vegetation 20mm Vegetation mat mat 80mm Substrate 80mm Substrate 80mm Substrate Anti-slip element Anti-slip element Anti-slip element 10mm Filter10mm sheet Filter10mm sheetFilter sheet 3mm Vapour 3mm barrier Vapour 3mm barrier Vapour barrier infrastructure Climbing infrastructure Climbing infrastructure 10 mm Cement 10 mm board Cement 10 mm board Cement board detailroof 1:10detailroof 1:10detail 1:10 Corrugated Corrugated steel sheet Corrugated steel sheet steel sheet

model3-D of Climbing model3-D ofinfrastructure Climbing model ofinfrastructure Climbing infrastructure

29

Planting area

Lawn

Pool

Provide space for people to plant some vegetables or flowers to improve the quality of the atmosphere

Provides fresh air and adjust the micro-climate of this area on the slope of the shipping container

Provides space for fish, save the rainwater, and adjust the micro-climate,especially in night cooling in summer

Roof garden

Grass and shrub

Fountain

Reduces the solar gain from the roof and improve the quality of the atmosphere

Provides fresh air and adjust the micro-climate of this area in small garden in the park

Provides space for fish and aquatic plants, save the rainwater, and adjust the micro-climate, especially in night cooling in summer

Trees

Rainwater storages

Provides fresh air and adjust the micro-climate of this area

Save for irrigate the plants and toilet flushing

Strategies to adjust the microclimate of the design area 30

Solar water heaters

Photovoltaic

Reused container

Translate solar energy to free hot water for inhabitants to share together in their daily life

Translate light into electricity that can be used for the light or other usage of the park

For outdoor furniture

Electricity generating Gym equipment

Wind power street light

Reused container

Translate wind power to provide electricity for street light

For hanging on plants

Reflective panel

Reused container

Reflective sunlight to the interior space in winter

For climbing infrastructure

Gym equipment that generates electricity that can be used for the light or other need for the park

31

Insert rice hull into floor, wall, and roof by the blower

onstruction process of the shipping container 32

Insert rice hull into floor, wall, and ceiling by the blower

Rice hull resource

Rice hull insulation

Insert rice hulls

Thermal insulation calculation

Nanjing is rich in natural resources, including rice, grains, fish, many plants and flowers. All of these are due to Nanjing’s unique climatic conditions and fertile land. Nanjing is in the hot summer and cool winter climate zone, well designed insulations are needed in both season.

Rice hulls have excellent insulation properties, difficult to burn, highly resistant to moisture penetration and fungal decomposition. They are clean, eco-friendly, low cost, and do not corrosive with respect to aluminum, or steel, making them to be the most suitable materials for the insulation of the shipping container.

The cavity for the rice hull is constitute by the panel of the shipping container, wood stud, and the plywood. The wood stud is situated on the horizontal part of the corrugated steel naturally and on the edge of the window and door cavity to support the frames. This system fits the shape of corrugated steel which save the space and also reduce the material to make the truss to fill the rice hull. Using blower to insert rice hull is easier and faster, it also can use hands to insert the rice hull if necessary which even easier.

The thickness of the exterior wall is about 182 mm with 160mm rice hull insulation, the U-value is 0.3887 W/m2k, and thickness of the roof is about 225 mm, the U-value is 0.3369 W/m2k, which show the nice insulation performance.

Because the shipping container has the problem of condensation, the vapour barrier are used on each wall and roof to prevent this issue.

Part 2 Design proposal - Shipping Container reuse design

Thermal insulation calculation

3-D details of exterior wall

3-D details of roof

3-D details of exterior wall

layer name

thermal conductivity λ [W/m.K]

Rsi (int. heat transfer resistance) Plaster board 0.160 Vapour barrier 1.000 Plywood 0.138 Rice hull insulation 0.070 Corrugated steel sheet 50.000

3-D details of exterior roof

gross density ρ [kg/m³]

spec. heat capacity C [J/kg.K]

layer thickness d [m]

R [m²K/W]

950.0 1200.0 620.0 120.0 7800.0

840 1500 1300 1300 480

0.0090 0.0030 0.0080 0.1600 0.0020

0.13 0.056 0.003 0.058 2.286 0.000

Rse (ext. heat transfer resistance)

0.04

U-value: total thickness:

0.3887 0.182

W/m²K m

Wall U-value Calculation, made by HTflux software

Wall U-value Calculation, made by HTflux software

layer name

thermal conductivity λ [W/m.K]

Rsi (int. heat transfer resistance) Plaster board 0.160 Vapour barrier 1.000 Plywood 0.138 Rice hull insulation 0.070 Corrugated steel sheet 50.000 Plywood 0.138 Rice hull insulation 0.070 Plywood 0.138 Waterproof membrane 0.200 Corrugated steel sheet 50.000 Rse (ext. heat transfer resistance)

gross density ρ [kg/m³]

spec. heat capacity C [J/kg.K]

layer thickness d [m]

950.0 1200.0 620.0 120.0 7800.0 620.0 120.0 620.0 120.0 7800.0

840 1500 1300 1300 480 1300 1300 1300

0.0100 0.0030 0.0100 0.0750 0.0020 0.0100 0.1000 0.0100 0.0030 0.0020

U-value: total thickness:

480

0.3369 0.225

R [m²K/W] 0.13 0.063 0.003 0.072 1.071 0.000 0.072 1.429 0.072 0.015 0.000 0.04

W/m²K m

Roof U-value Calculation, made by HTflux software

Roof U-value Calculation, made by HTflux software 33

Apartment detail - A

Apartment detail - A

Apartment detail In this project, two different types of shipping container suits are designed.

Each suit is composed by two 20ft shipping containers.This combination and orientation are intended to get long opening and short depth which are good for lighting, ventilation and space usage. The area of each suit is 37 m2 which is suitable for a single or a couple and the suit shows the characteristic of small but complete. There are independent bedroom, toilet, kitchen, balcony, and living room with dinning area and sitting area. These satisfy the basic needs for people to live.

Apartmenttype type A interior Apartment interioraxonometric axonometric

Apartment type A render

Part 2 Design proposal - Shipping Container reuse design

Apartment detail - A Apartment type A Detail plan 1:40 1：40

Apartment type A interior axonometric

Part 2 Design proposal - Shipping Container reuse design

Apartment A exterior exterioraxonometric axonometric Apartment type type A

Apartment detail - A

Apartment type A interior axonometric

Apartment type A rendering Apartment type A rendering

Apartment type A Detail plan 1:40 1：40

Apartment type A Detail plan 1:40

34

Apartment type A interior axonometric

Apartment type A Detail plan 1:40

Apartment type A renderings

Apartment A rendering Apartment typetype A exterior axonometric

Apartment type A rendering

Apartment detail - B

Apartment detail - B

The bedroom and the living room are the most important spaces in the apartment design. And the different organizations make the main difference between these two types. The living room in Type A is "L"shape, and in Type B is a rectangle shape. And the shape of the living room affects the distribution of the sitting area, kitchen, and the dinning area. Type A use three sets of double doors to connect the living room with the balcony, which is also a response to the traditional Chinese architecture. And in Type B, a large window is used to underline the sitting area.

Part 2 Design proposal - Shipping Container reuse design Apartment type B interior axonometric

Apartment type B interior axonometric

Apartment detail - B

Part 2 Design proposal - Shipping Container reuse design

Apartment type B render

1：40

Apartment detail - B

Apartment type B Detail plan 1:40

Apartment type B interior axonometric

Apartment type B exterioraxonometric axonometric Apartment type B exterior

Apartment type B interior axonometric

Apartment type B renderi Apartment type B rendering

1：40

Apartment type B interior axonometric

Apartment type Detail plan 1:40 Wall U-value Calculation, made

by BHTflux software

Apartment type B rendering

Apartment type B exterior axonometric Apartment type B renderings Apartment type B rendering

35

Typical building - Plans B

C

5F

A

A

4F

3F B Ground floor plan 1:300 Ground floor plan 1:200

Second floor floor pla Second

C N

2F

1F

uit

floor plan 1:300 FirstFirst floor plan 1:200

36

N

Public space Third floor plan Third floor pla diagram

Typical building - Plans

plan 1:200

an 1:300

n 1:300

an 1:200

N

floor plan 1:300 FourthFourth floor plan 1:200

N

N

Section A-A 1:300

Elevation A-A 1:200 37

T

- Plans

Building design The buildings are composed by shipping container suits, corridor, public spaces, staircase and elevator, etc. Because of the site limits, the buildings are in the different forms as shown in Master plan.One typical building are selected to C show the design logic and details.

This typical building is composed by 5 suits on each side and has the long corridor, therefore, the middle suit is designed as the public space, on the one hand, it can bring more light, and on the other hand, it provides more open and large space for people to meet and relax themselves rather than just stay in each small suit.

5F

Part 2 Design proposal - Shipping Container reuse design

Typical building - Plans 4F

A

East Elevation 1:300

B

East Elevation 1:200

C

3F C

plan 1:200

5F

A

A

N

4F

2F 3F B

C

Ground floor plan 1:200

N

2F

1F 1F

Shipping container apartment suit Steel supported public spaces

n 1:200 38

N

Diagram ofofbuilding organization Diagram building organization

First floor plan 1:200

N

Public space diagram

Public space diagram

Public space diagram

Section B-B 1:300 Section B-B 1:200

Typical - Public space tainer reuse building design Typical building - Public space

Interior public space floor detail 1:10 Interior public space floor detail 1:10

Interior public space floor detail 1:10 West Elevation 1:300

West Elevation 1:200

Figure 5.35 Interior public space floor detail 1:10

West Elevation 1:200

Figure 5.35 Interior public space floor detail 1:10

Section C-C 1:200

Section C-C 1:300 Section C-C 1:200

Interior public rendering Interior publicspace space rendering

Interior public space rendering 39

cution details

Part 2 Design proposal - Shipping Container re

Typical building -Facade desig Constrcution details Typic

1. Corrugated steel sheet Z-section, 140X2.5 200 HEB column

1

2. 20mm fire resistance panel Flat steel Rice hull for fire resistance and In the facade design, due to the public spaces to provid sound absorption corridor, looks randomly and free. The main logic of In the facade design, due to the public spaces to provide more lightit for 400x200 hollow section for the public space is not more than 4 suits on one side supporting beamit looks randomly and free. The main logic of the position of corridor, which is 24.4 meters. And on the other side of the faca 20mm fire resistance panel designed to provide more apartments. the public space is not more than 4 suits on one side of the corridor 3. 10mm plywood which is 24.4 meters. And on the other side of the facade, it is normal Corrugated steel sheet 200designed HEB beam to provide more apartments.

4

1:20

Staircase longitudinal vertical section detail 1:20

2

4. 20mm fire resistance panel Flat steel Rice hull for fire resistance and sound absorption 400x200 hollow section for supporting beam 20mm fire resistance panel sheet Aluminium

Aluminium sheet U6.5 joints 200 HEB column U6.5 joints Corrugated steel sheet

Design proposal - Shipping Container reuse design U6.5 joints 1:10

terior wall of corridor horizontal section detail 1:10

200 HEB column U6.5 joints Corrugated steel sheet

Balcony partition wall plan detail 1:

3

4 1:10

Typical building -Facade design

Staircase longitudinal vertical sectio

Staircase transversal vertical section detail 1:40

Balcony partition wall plan detail 1:20

the facade design, due to the public spaces to provide more light for rridor, it looks randomly and free. The main logic of the position of e public space is not more than 4 suits on one side of the corridor hich is 24.4 meters. And on the other side of the facade, it is normal signed to provide more apartments.

1：50

Staircase transversal vertical section detail 1:50 Staircase transversal vertical section detail 1:50 40

South Elevation 1:200

Exterior wall of corridor horizontal section detail South Elevation 1:200

Constrcution details 1 2

1 2 3

3 Longitudinal vertical 1:20 section detail 1:20

1. 200mm Wood deck U6.5 joints to U5 joints(support flat deck) Corrugated steel sheet (2% Slope) 2-layer 3mm Waterproof membrane 10mm plywood Rice hull insulation (50 mm framed wood; framed shaped wood to make slope) 10mm plywood Corrugated steel sheet of container Rice hull insulation (50X80mm framed wood) 10mm plywood 3mm Vapor barrier 10mm Plasterboard

1. 200 U6.

Cor 2-la 10m Rice fram 10m 2. Steel door of container 10mm plywood Cor 50mm Rice hull insulation (50X80mm wood stud) Rice 8mm plywood 10m 3mm Vapor barrier 9mm Plasterboard 3mm 10m 3. Connection between containers: 25mm steel connecting plate 15mm layer of PU

Longitudinal vertical 1:20 1:30 section detail 1:20

2. Stee 10m 50m 8mm 3mm 9mm

3. Con 25m 15m

Longitudinal vertical section detail 1:30

41

Constrcution details

Constrcution details

1. 20mm Wood deck U6.5 joints to U5 joints(support flat deck) Corrugated steel sheet (2% Slope) 2-layer 3mm Waterproof membrane 10mm plywood Rice hull insulation (50 mm framed wood; framed shaped wood to make slope) 10mm plywood Corrugated steel sheet of container Rice hull insulation (50X80mm framed wood) 10mm plywood 3mm Vapor barrier 10mm Plasterboard

1

1

2

2 3

3

2. Corrugated steel sheet of container 124 to 160 Rice hulls insulation (70X120mm wood stud) 8mm plywood 3mm Vapor barrier 9mm Plasterboard

4

4 Transversal vertical 1：40 section detail 1:40

3. 13mm fire resistance panel Corrugated steel sheet 200 HEB column/beam 330 Gap of air 10mm plywood 4. Cement (1% slope) 3 mm Vapor barrier Corrugated steel sheet 120 HEB beam

Transversal vertical 1：40 Transversal 1:30 section detailvertical 1:40section detail 1:30 42

1. 20m U6.

Cor 2-la 10m Rice fram 10m Cor Rice 10m 3mm 10m

2. Cor 124 woo 8mm 3mm 9mm

3. 13m Cor 200 330 10m

4. Cem 3m Cor 120

Constrcution details

art 2 Design proposal - Shipping Container reuse design

1. Corru Z-sec 200 H

Constrcution details 1

1. Corrugated steel sheet Z-section, 140X2.5 200 HEB column 2. 20mm fire resistance panel Flat steel Rice hull for fire resistance and sound absorption 400x200 hollow section for supporting beam 20mm fire resistance panel 3. 10mm plywood Corrugated steel sheet 200 HEB beam

2 3

3

4

1:20

4. 20mm fire resistance panel Flat steel Staircase longitudinal vertical section detail 1:20 Rice hull for fire resistance and sound absorption 400x200 hollow section for Staircase longitudinal vertical section detail 1:20 Staircase longitudinal vertical section detail 1:20supporting beam 20mm fire resistance panel

4

1:10 1：50

aircase transversal vertical section detail 1:50

2. 20mm Flat s Rice soun 400x supp 20mm

3. 10mm Corru 200 H 1:20

4. 20mm Flat s Rice soun 400x supp 20mm

Exterior wall of corridor horizontal section detail 1:10

1:10 1：50

ion detail 1:50

Exterior wall of corridor horizontal section detail 1:10

Exterior wall of corridor horizontal section detail 1:10 43