The Irish Volunteer - Volume 2 - Number 18

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..EDITED ·8Y EOIN MAC NEILL. · : ,, ·. Vol. 2.

No. 18.

(New Series.)

SATURDAY, APRIL 10, 1915.

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Price One Penny .

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--L_N_oT_·E_s.......___I :rho~e

who_ stand faithful to the cause of · Lrish· Da.tional.ity, .as d etl.ned ·by tl10~e wbo are the. fathers of our nationnl faith, the patriots of _our . great past, may sometimes feel as if the)· were fighting an isolated fight. They see agai1Jst. them in. serried alliance the ralli ed forces_ of _ Imperia !ism, Whiggery , the old \Vest -Britonism and the new, every selfish and sord id . vested jnterest, ·the money-grubl!e rs, the tuft-h unter$ , tb ~ place-bunters, and what galls them m o~ t of all,. man y true bel1 e1·ers in Irish na.tionality who are not n,llowed to bear and see the truth, or who have thei.r eyes blinded and th e i~·- ea r~ deafened l>y deft] y chosen and co~1tinually raised watchword s of faction. The en tire . daily Press and alrr.1ost all the weekly J;'ress of Ireland is roped into the campaign again~.t lris!J nationalism.

For a tim: many hoi)ed ancl others feared _that this combination of"for\.·es wo:uld prove irres istible. But the true men..ai1d the true women of .Ireland were not chunted a. moment, their resolution · and their: confidence remained unshaken. And now it is cl ear to all _that. there can be no triumph over them. Every clay that_ passes brings the Jay of their vindication and their ,·ictory, with the help o~ God, nearer and nea rer . .

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·. 'l'he ·defenders '. of the cit::tdd of Iri sh nationality .have .both staunclmess and r_esour-oi,o t:nough to hold . that fortress · with.out - ~cioki11g for ·:relie{ .or symiJathy to any outside quarter.

SirU:i.t is-.well to kno\i-. that the stand they are making" is watched and appreciated by many ,d}o ·are not . in the ranks of . their· b.e?iegers.

Whatever niay l>e · pretended .to the Go.ntr.a_ry, the Irish in America are practical! y as ·o·ne man for the.. 8ause · sustained in Ireland by the Irish Volunteers. WeJ1ave often seen the"hope held out that the . ·est::tblishment .of_, lrish selfgovernmen~ .would make way ,for -better rebtions betwee1J th~' United States and England. W e m;y guess, the~, wh,; t the effec·t l1as b~e11; ~vl1en it bel'.:ame known \n "America_ Lhai. eYen the n1odf~u~1 of · seif-go;·~ rnment · to which · the

Asq uith ministry stood pledged bad hee n withdrawn by the A~quith ministry .

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There is ca use lo believe too tbat" the lr ish in · Australia and other countries are not altogether in the t:la-rk about the_true aspect of affairs in Ireland , however carefull y the truth has been economised. And it is not am.o ng Irish people only, or people of Irish descent and loyalty to Irish nationality, that the light has spread and is spreading. The neighbouring island contains some people who, even in a sup1°eme crisis of their own, remain true to th e ideals of nationality and li berty.

1 have before me now the last issued number of T !te Scottislt Review, a quarterly edited by tbe H on. R. Erskine. I strongly recommend this review to Irish readers and Irish libraries. Its editor takes hi s stand by genuine . Scottish nationality, in contradistinction to the sordid and sp iritless time-serving that· would hare Scotland content to be not even a subject and dependent nation but a mere province of Britain, with just enough d istinctive traits to provide turns of amusement for London rnusich alls.

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In his opening article, the editor of. the Scottislt Review writes on "The Liberty of the Press ." It would _be a fai_r question in h istory for . our schoolboys to ask, " \\Tha1: was _the Lil;Jerty of the P ress, and when did it exist?"

In common with many _B ritish journali sts of all part ies, the Scottish Review deals openly and severely with the conduct of t~e existing Press Censorship. When Irishmen abandon liberty, liberty aba ndo1~s . them, and the utmost extent of protest that the Irish Press bas offered a.ga!nst the -cerisorship has been shyly to quote 'something.. sa id m so.me London fla:per.

Thoroughgoing Tory peers in the H ouse of Lords . have ·con:demnecl · the . unconstitutional a1:icl ·arbitrary" powers created by the-" Defence o_f the Realm Act," but the Irish Pre~s tacitly a~quie.sces in the use of - those powers ·by Dublin ·castle, not for · ·the "de_fence ·of the realm," , but for the defence ·· :o{ a: British political p.arL;- that ha ..; f.-.res\\·01·i, it·s pl0J ge,; to the Irish eleCtorate.

" Our second head/' says · the · Scottislt R e:view, "relates to a more serious matter....:... the suppressio;1 of ·cert~n Irish journals by: the Eng iish Govern~1ent. · We understand that it was to please Mr. J ohn Redmond and ·bis friend s that . this act · arbitrary .rule . wa s suffered to ·be consummated. But whateYer was the immediate cause thereof, no tnie loYer of liberty can do more than unfeignedly to regret and · i.mcompromisingly to condemn ·· it. · .T he necessity or the excuse · for this high-h'<l.ncle d action is stated· to have been 1)rovicled by; t>hc possession, on the part of the authorities; ' {)j information to tlte effect tltat t!tese· jouttials were being subsidised by Germany. The -real reason, however, of their arbitrary suppression .would appear to be that the propaganda. in which they were engaged (and had long beeu employed) \\'as obnoxious to .Mr. Redmond and inimical to the interests of his bonclservants, the English Liberals."

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"At a ll events," con tinues the edi tor > '" it is obvious that in a free cotmfry, ·whose Cons titution (such as it is) !fas be'e n ii ublicly neither abrogated nor suspended, it is- an abus<: of power to suppress a journal without_showing cause why that usurpation should caiTy. ; ·. : Obviously, if certain' .currents of poirt'ichl thought, together with the organs tbey support in the Press , do not choose to accept prevait"ing political conceits, they have, in a fr ee country, a perfect right to reject them; ·and no· p retended rio·bt deri ved · from . an alle.gecl b . ' ..... ' national ' necessity of support111g an authority ·which is obnoxious to ·those currents, T he should be allow eel to b · exereised. p rinci1:rles on wh ich the national propaganda in Scotland arid Ireland rests itre as old as the hills_::a " gr~at deal oicler ·at all e\'ents · thai1 are the corresponding tenets in England-'-and -this circumstance, if not the fa ct <Jf their harmlessness (for of this they are constitu ted . if the offici~I estimate is tc> 'be .accepted); should ha,·e preser.~ed ·them: fioni : tl1e· insults ai1d the ·outrages 1diich th~ GO\'~rnment no"w in-po,ver has subjected them . · So far; Scotland has escaped l'rom any ·of these arbit riiry and rnt:dcllesom'-' proceedi:ngs ;·- but; ll'ith .so·' gre at . a muster ' of

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THE IRISH VOLUNT·EER. rnaclmen on eYery side, no one ca n say in times to scn 'c m their own i·ffunt ry . This view was li ke these ;vhat folly will bappen next. also taken and unequ ivocal ly cx]Jn.:ssed 'by the Alre<_tdy . has ~a G.lasgow journal, entit led the Lord 'l'resid<.:nt (D uncan Forbes) and many of 1Vezvf, ·1 clam6u1:, the Go,·ernn1ent's warmest supportei~ . Adopt-i~venilzg . . }ovei1 . . .i ng for . the supt'}res,sion of certaii1 . national periodicals; but . ing fresh tactics, the ·a uthorities then intimated hitberto not even' a 'Liberal' Government l1as · that the object of the march to England was condescended to pay the slightest attention. t_o . merely t; gratify the curiosity of the King, he the cxcite"u bJea"tl~1!:($ of that _unhap py sheet. be ing ~ ' desirous to sec a Highland corps ·a nd \Ve has te n to commend that wise abstention. graciousiy pleased to express or feel great .~o thing .'.is lo be gained, and much might concuriosity on the subject.' Flattered by this creiy<ibly be lost, by any attefnpt, in the present hLi, and all u11aware t)1aLSh ipping W '!:~ orste red ~~ 'cri tical postu{e of affairs, to lJiay the to com ey them to Flanders, the men started ' Predomin{i1t Partner ' over Scotl and. " Jigbt-he_a rtedly fo r England a t the end of

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March, i743.

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. The foregoing account, accurate in the main, needs to be corrected in one particular. What_cver m~ y have been the former relations of the Government to Mr. J ohn Redmond, who maintained _theni in office on an understanding which they have viol ~tecl, tl:ie Government about twelve· months ago, at·· a critical moment, succeeded in establishing, the military phrase goes, a moral ascendancy, and since t_h en they have held ·~md increased it.

It follows that the _Government's acts of arbitrar y rule -have not been done "to please · Mr. R edmond. " Mr. R edmond was obliging enough to :fun~ ish the excuse. Standing in the British Parliament; he denounced to England as "rags" the .Irish journals that criticised his policy-- ·a pronouncement so ignominious as to earn what O'Connell reGOgnised to be the supr<:< me test of Irish nation al backsliding, the .exr)ress app;oval of the London Times.

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It is interesti11g to find that the " information " about subsidies from Germany is commented on, but not creclitecl, in a Scottish reYie,:v.

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The . same renew contains hi.stoi:ical article on "vVar and the This ·article_deals · in part with the but · I must ·confine quotation to

a Yaluable Highlands ." present war, some of its

s~a ternents of past history. We are told how the Black Watch regimei1t was embodied in the H igh41ncls in .1 729: "On1y persons that were ' loyal : were to be enlisted, and the sphere of their duty was to 1.Je_;the Hi ghland district .

They were to l.;:eep ,watch and ward over their own k.ith and kin.

It -was distinctly understood by a ll who jo~ned that their milita ry duties were to be ·confined to the Highland area, a.nd that each company . was to have a permanent cantonment and scene of oper':1tions.

It is .interesting however to enquire in to the manner in which the ir high-spir~t~d and 'patrioti c' services we n~ requited by the

"On reaching London they were duly reviewed-by General W acle !

The Whig King had that very day sailed fo r his belm·ed Hanover.

The Gae l~ found themselves decei1·ecl, and felt that 'the king had told them a lie .' They were ordered to embark forthwith a t Gravesend for Flanders, f or, as was stateJ at the time, ' after being used as rods to scourge their own countrymen, they were to be thrown into the fire. ' " The Highlanders attempted to march back to Scotland, but were surrounded

by English forces and compelled to surrende r, and afterwards to witness the shooting of three of their le<tders and to bury them at the T ower .

Two hundred we re sent for punishment to America, the vVest Indies; a n cl other places .

The rest were embarked for Flanders.

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Dealing with the immense numi.Je rs of men drawn from the Scottish Hi ghlands and Islands for later wars, · the writer says : ''The men of tbe tartan i.;:new well that they were fighting other people's battles, and that no matter ·how ample the spoils they helped to secure; neither they nor their people would count as beneficiaries."

Meanwhile "the strong arm of E ngland 's law" was _steadily engaged in the "·ork of depopulating the Highlands . As late as 1884, "a military expedition, with four ships of war and 500 marines, was sent to Skye . . . to help some n1ercenary landlords-_ . . .

T o all these :abuses and outrages--unrivalled perhaps in the h istory of any nation--the war! ike Gaels submitted w~thout the semblance o°f an articulate protest . Lions when \1;a rring for others, they were lambs and goats when their own rights and interests ought to 'b e defei1dec1 ."

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Tiree, we are told, sent 300 men to the I'eninsular War, and the population of Tiree has since then been reduced by nearly twothirds.

"During the last visit of Queen.

Vjcforia to Taymouth · she had a bodyguard Government. i ,ooo strong--·all Breadalbane men and all six * * * Tn t T43 it . was arrang~d that the new unit feet in height To-day Lochtayside is desolate . should.· march to Eng.l~n<:]_ a nd.. proceed_ ?!1 ' The pibr 0c11 may sound thrOLigh the dese1'ted ·foreign, service. · The . propo~al to send them region, but the sumn1oi~s · w~ll .remain m1a b1'oad . was regarded _ 1bo!~ · b)' c_:>fficer_s and answered. ' " Glengarry" coul~ once send . 750 privates a:s a _d irect affd ·n~onstrous breach of ' me.n -to the colours; '.'I do nqt l)elieve that sixty F:iith·,- · for they had joii~ e d· on the di stinct :ilJ!e-h1.li,"«i nwn could·' to-clay .be found in .the whole ph·e, i /: g:1 111ekeepe rs and gillies 1\'C l\'_ uriclersfanding that they would on ly Le required

Saturday, April ioth, 1915. left out of acco unt. I nsta nces such as these might be multiplied a hundredfold -"

* "At' this moment," coutinues the writer, "when his ·se rrices are wrely needed, the Gael is fairly lionised . H e is flattered, codcl:lecl, and made to think that he is a man of some importance. ] .wonder what his recompense will be, whei1 the war and the danger of con«Jues t are over and the sword is returned to its sca bbard? Will ·he be forced' to continue to make a scanty and precarious living on small h>uren, ungrate ful patches of land, while all the fertile and cultivated areas are devoted to tbe raising of dumb animals? Unless --the friends of the people are vigilant and aler_t, this is exactly what will happen. With governments, as with some lowlier people, gratitude is often a sense of favours to come. - Public memmy is proverbially short, and government memory is knowi'1 to be the shortest of all. " ..

* This Scottish writer does not say a word. against recruiting, but he comes to a conclusion which is wanting in the fawning and conciliat ing utterances of some of our Irish " Nationalist " journals and politicians . " Government must not be permitted to forge t.

The price of Gaelic blood. spilt in war was never paid in the past, · but it must and will be paid ·On this occasion." He does not content himself with trusting the English democracy. "A period niust be put to clticanery, tricltery, and thimble-rigging. Let the la ndlords understand that the Gael and his friends ha.-e of late gained considerably in stamina and backbone. T!t ey will no longer s.ubmit to be used lilu driven cattle-to act the ' disinte rested ' and foolish part of: fighting other · people's wars without expecting any return for their struggles, wounds and sufferings . They are determined, this time, to mind number one . They have resolutely made up their minds to encl t!te cynical policy of looking for merit when danger threatens and, once tlte crisis is past, flinging t!te fig Jtting material aside like a squeezed orange ."

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The same review, among other va1u~ble contributions, contains an adriJ_,irable paper on "The Future of War, " by ·M. Mac Millan, LL. D., a financial article on Scottish Horne Rule by J. M. Hogge, :M. P . ; and an article by Cha~les Bell on the modern " Development of Celtic Architecture "-all well worth of the attention of Irish readers, at a time when the Press of ' Irdandl for the most part owes its circul ation to fhe fact that_it has half a clay's start of the Press of London.

EoIN MAc NEILL ..

DE WET'S Molto was -Never let -the grass grow under y.our . feet, keep moving.

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VOLUNTEERS' .

l\fotto should be- Never let ·your whiskers grow, ke~p moving them with a good razor... ·Prices '2/- to 7 / 6 - ·

M'QUILLAN, 35-36 Capel Street, DUBLIN.

Satnrday, April rnth,· 19~5.

THE IRISH VOLUNTEER ..:·

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Read This Again.

An Cumann Cosanta has been started in order to protect Irish Volunteers against loss of their livelihood on accoun t of their activity in the Irish Volun teer Organi sation .

Any Volunteer may insure with An Cuman n Cosanta for the amount of his ordin ary income upon payment ·o f a small fee . . H e undertakes to pay contribu t ions an i levies (which will never exceed One Shilling in the P ound of his ordinary income), and in return, if he loses his employment on account of.his work in the Volunteer movement he will be paid the full amount of hi s ordinary income (up to £z a week) until he gets other employment, or for a period of three months certain .

Where circumstances warrant it in the opinion of the Committee of Management, payments will be made for a longer period tha n three months. ' An Cumann Cosanta will be the property of, and will be managed by, a Committee selected by its insured members.

No member of the Committee will be paid,

and eYery insured member is entitled to rece i1·c ann uall y a copy of the audited Balance Sheet and an Aud itors' Report, upon application to the Secretary.

There is an Arbitration Committee cor)s isting of the members of the General Council of the Irish Vol un teers, before which any person insured who has any gri evance against the Comm ittee of Management may bring his complaint, and the Committee of Management equall y with the insu red member is bound to abide by the Arbitrator's award.

It is the duty of every Volunteer who may lose hi s employment. on accoun t of bis connection with the Irish Volunteers to insure at once. . It is equally the d uty of those who will not lose. their employment to insure, as they will strengthen the Irish Volunteers and stand by their fellow-members who are victimised.

For further information, copy of rules , and applicat ion for membershi p form, apply at once to THE SECRETARY,

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IRELAND OVER ALL. 11 ·

A Song for GAELS, by a GAEL, GAELIC Air.

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See Part 7 "SONGS OF THE GAEL" · (Browne & Nolan).

AN CuMANN CosANTA,

GAELS ! Remember an Irish Irelander when you want New or Secondhand Typewriters, Duplicators, Stencils, Stencil Ink, Ribbons, Carbons, Papers, &c.

Any make of · Typewriter Repaired.

IRISH VOLUNTEER H EADQUARTERS.

HELP TO MAINTAIN a Sound National Opinion in Ireland by dis tri buti ng the substitute fo r our . suppressed newspapers, the

T .R ACTS FOR THE TIMES published at Irish Volunteer Headquarters, 41 Kildare Street, Dublin.

No. 1-NOW ON SALE-

WHAT EMMET MEANS IN 1915.

THE FOLEY TYPEWRITER TRADINQ CO. Reis Chambers, DUBLil'I. Telephone ll 7Y.

Patland Plug TOBACCO

By A. NEWMAN, author of " The Pessimist," etc.

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No . 2 - NOW ON SALE-

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SHALL IRELAND BE DIVIDED?

By EOIN MAC NEILL, author of " Celtic -Religion," etc.

DUBLIN.

E? "Ot.ut "OO ct.u .df\ Sinnre"-'l' · .

IRISH VOLUNTEERS

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No. 3-READY APRIL 9th-

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THE SECRET HISTORY of the IRISH VOLUNTEERS.

IRISH FARM PRODUCE CAFE,

By THE O'RAHILLY.

21 HENRY STREET. No Fureign Foodstuffs.

Among the contributors to the series will be Joseph Connolly, P. H. Pearse, Bulmer Hobson, etc.

Order a qu mtity from your bookseller or direct from Headquarters.

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Orders for One Dozen or over Post Paid.

RELIABLE TAILORINC.

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Ma_kers of ·official U 1iiforms to Mounted Corps.

IRISH VOLUNTEER UNIFORMS, to Measure, frcm 35/-

If you have not the ready money convenient, there ii an Irish Establishment which supplies Goods on · the Easy Payment System. .It is THE

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Words and Music as sung by Gerard Crofts , the Dublin tenor, to tli.\ air of the g~eat German War Song, "Deutscl:lud Ueber 1\lles."

Send T hree Penny S tamp.; t9 Eamonn Cea~nt°, \! Dul phi~ · Te;race, Dol phin~; na'rn >.-: Dubl ii1. PROFlTS- TO IRISH VOLUNTEERS.

Sat~rda Y:· _April _I oth, r 9 r 5.

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TH E IRISH VOLUN T EER .

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~II literary communications for the " Irish ' \olunteer" should be addressed in future to

IJ,- coercion, summa ry a.rrest, house-sea rchillg, intimidation, and pri11ter-ba.iting, because they . ,_ VOLU NTEER HEADQl:JARTEl-lS, have unfli nchingly stood for Ireland and Ire; . -ti Kildare Street, D.D Bl IN. land only, Ireland undiYided and · Ireland all : All communications ·-re · .Advertisements t:o be the time.

-l:' ..-· . ..... ... addressed to the (6) It means the inheritors of all the rea l }~~S'H -P·R ESS 'Bl) REA U , traditions of Irish natiQnality , language and , .3o Lower Abbe y S t reet , DUBLIN. · ideals .

(7) I t me.ans t li e one ltope of Ireland , ~

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1 he l r,i sh_Volunteer _SAT~RDAY, APR I L 10, 1915_.

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·T h e .: Why:~ and the " Wherefore:

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No~:v that fine weather is the rule, most of VQJtmteer work will be accompli shed in the open air. There is nothing m0;~e j.Dvig9rating ··than a ma-rch, . when men 'are in h.igh ·':-· spirits, n,nd .1rhen each one· in· the ranks feels within him a soim<l · and 'hea lth y national co nscien~e. ?\ot the slightest excuse exists for sla ckness in atten dance-atparad~ . . It is ~he -Ji.it.);-ofe,:e;y Vql J.11~ty~r pot on.ly to · turn up himself, but to bring :anothei· man ·with him. Afo~r ail, if w~ 160,k-~l;>ick; it was in many cases the i'>ersotial iti\·lt~ti~n ,which introduced most of our recruits i1{to the Natio~~l .Army .. 1:-et 'every Volunteer mjlke, tt _his bp,sine s~ to bring ,a_ recruit. We want' e\,ery sincern Irishman in the ranks, and we- have room · for everyone. The organization of t_he Yolµnteers is perfect.; it is a machine wh.lch. hits· bee11 _produced by patient iabour.

And as those who control the movement and have perfected the machine, are merely ordinary men, facing a' huge combinatio11 of forces, each Vohint~~~-' ~·houl d make it his husine~s to assist the Hea-ciqua rt~rs fi!1anciall y. . Some Vol unteeri '£~jr tb reh1ise 'tfieif ;es15or1sib.ility. They don't u11derstand that the expense , of keep ing officers constanti)i :at .i\,ork 1er Ireland andi the up~ier ' thi E!eadguarters itself requires money. 1~he men_who . a re strivi ng and straining, as men have seldom done before, ·should be .· ass·isted 'fri the-carrying on of the work by cont r i ~ utiojls · _fro1~1 th~ Volunteers themselves,· more now th.a1i e\ier b efore, .so th~t'.the cu.rre1~t exrienses \ J.1ay 'be,rnet b{ affiliation fees alone.

What, does H eadquarters mean ?

(1), It ·me::i,ns-·a big'pffi.ce qpd staff harchtt work .·' . .....

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·(2) It means officers ano organizers at work in e:Very part ef ' Irelano. .

(3) rr :mearis rifles .and sn1all arms for those companies who..;are:..,p rep,a red -:to~~ par by h1stalments. ,, · (4) It . means the ·Irish Volunteers; the miginal' :body . of v'O!unteers, ; who . have ,-consistently ·a~n1ed -t~e!i mei1 ,:Vith real weapons and ammu.iiit.i:Qft,"1vh.Q haye nev~r spent a penny on a uniform until the m:m .. who. ~y as to -wear it had ·a ri fle and ·a ·tu-11-Jxilldolier. (s) It · means ·a -bddy • of' men hated by DubllJ.T Castle; .iiif~rfered 'with in . e\'ery Wi\)1 , . ~..

because tlt e Iris h Vo lunteers stand fo r the Voluntee r principle, and .will ,1ot be moved.

It means the men who ca n be trusted to bear the hatred of Dublin Castle, the enmi ty of the felon-setter,- and more!

Volunteers of Ireland, you that are actiYe and you that slumber, Ireland shall be deli,·ered if you are faithful, and the one hope of her deliverance is the Volunteers!

Look to your national conscience, and be Irishmen, not a piebald slave race as your ancient enemy would make you.

If two years ago anyone had said, "What a splendid thing it would be if Ireland had a trained body of properly armed men pledged to Ireland!" the answer would have been a fervent wish that so .s.eemingly impossible a possession might be _hers. We ha,·e. got our army ! ·' We have splendid men in our ranks; we w ant 111ore .

Recruits are coming ' in ; we want iiwre. Men are demanding arms, we want mo;e demands, fo r

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;;e can su pjJly theni. all.

famo u ~, and rapi dly made history . They were known as the TRACTS FOR THE TIMES. The Oxfol'cl Movement was -entirely successful ; and the complete alteration .in the character and outward appearance of the . Church .,of England is clue· to the effo rts of the .Tractarians. It is interesting to read the old tracts, .· especi::ill y Newm::i n's . They were .constructed with subtlety an dl brilliance ; and they w e r~ , much too powerful to be ignored .

The Tractari ans set out to bring the religious opinion of the Church of England up to their . ideal, and after a stru ggle in which the inte~lect of the clay was strained to the utmost, the hal f. dozen ;nen proved the victors.

The Tractarians had to meet prejudice and meanness of soul on one side, and a1; inclination to ~uick .cmTing and furiot; s pers~c~tiQ;1_ on,, the other. They met and beat these forces with . their tracts. A tract is unlike a newspa1~ir, because people 11·ill keep a tract aqd pa,ss it on .· to a friend, whereas the shape and size of, a . newspaper make it inconvetiient .to keep .,_ There is no reason why the Irish Tr.act.arian . movement should fail to accomplish, und-er . somewhat similar conditions,. what was accomplished al most a century ago, ·i n another sphere ?f activity, in .another land , by men who were not ;;ne whit less earnest and cletermin~e cl than ·a!'e the· men who control the Volunteer movement in Ireland to-day.

A. N.

I

lo-.-o l SEARCHING SOULS.

Weapo~

The New

." The two Johns and Joe."- !Vfayo New,s..

"This great gamble."- -Pr of. Kettle ...

TRACTS FOR THE TIMES ! !

Owing to the Irish educational system the Irish people ha\1e a knowledge of English hi story " ·hich is ridiculous!y out of_prnpo~tion .

It is only waste of time to state that Engli sh history , and tha t of a spec ial bra1;d, wa~ unti l' qu_ite recently , the only history taught to Iri sh childl'en. It requires a n apology, therefore, to offer any more inform ation about .Engli sh history.

When the screw of <Kierc!on began to tighten upon Ireland, and ·the free_clom ~f the Press wa s denied by a H ome Rul e GoYernment, Eoin :Mac ·Keil! -looj(ed aboi.1.t hinJ for :?ome n?ethocl by which a sou_nd . national: opinion might be mainta ined. The precedent of the Oxford Movement insta ntly appealed to him. Now, for those who do not know 'Y~a t: the Oxfo.rc]i M?vement means, an explan at10n· can be' given ·m a few words. ·It was a move ment commenced with

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J ohn landed us, says Joe, John , .. - Into a lovely mess ; When H erbert he said no, J ohn , John didn't daTe say yes ; · Whe11 H_e rbe rt _ ~e said yes , John , John didn't dare say no; I t's: iri a most confounded mess ·J ohn landed us, says. Joe. This gambling game, says Joe, John , Has left.me sad l}Dd si~k; , John led the opponents' ~~i-j t1 J ohn , And trumped, his r~a,rtn et's tric~ i. .

Although he held the card's, Jolii.1, ·· The play .he didn't know ; We'! l try the regulation ga m ~~ ~ John's ga mble's clone, says J oe.

PiNDARIDES .

b NLARGE '.'fEN 1S- 2 q x 16-life-size prints, · 1/3; finished, 4/6 ;"· fra med, 10/ -. ROE McMAHON (Dept.. IV.),

- - Dublin.

a view to transformmg that vast mst1tut1on, the Church of Engla-nd.· · Th~ .Oxford Moveme;E was begun in Oxf0rd by ce r~ain learned men, among ";horn were R eY. John Henry Newman (afterwards Cardinal) , Dr. Pusey, Rev. John Keebl e, Hurrel Froude, and others. The mea ns e mployed to accomplish the app·arently hopeless task of transforming the State Church consisted of·a series of tracts; which became ·-

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·FLASH LICHT ···Photographs · - ··-

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Taken of Dances anywhere in Ireland: ' Secretaries should·· book dates no_w.

.K~ogh BPothe-:rs ·--15·-Lr;· Dorset - . -_ -:Street,.',~ Dublin. '

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Gro1;1ps ._____________ "

Su c~essfu!

G ua:~an tee d,

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S a t~rd ay,

THE · IRl_SH VOLUNTEER. ·- - - -------- -- - - - - - --

April rotb , 1915.

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I

VICTORIES OF IRREGULAR TROOPS.

1

.....................................................................................::: III.-BAYLEN.

·rn

the earl y yea rs of"the F rench R evolution

Sp.ai n acted again st F rance, bu t .i n 17 96 and agai n in i 803 she sided with F rance again st E ngland and P ortu gal. In r 807 Bonap ar t' fo rced Kin g Chai:l es IV." to' abdicate, and made hi s brothe r J oseph K.ing of Spa in . The Spania rds .revolted, ri nd for six yea rs th.c Peninsul a was ·the scene of a fterce war betweeJ1 E nglish 1_ Spani sh. and Portuguese on one side and th~ f rench on · the other. ~RELI M I NARY .MANIBUV:RE S .

In the Province of Anda lusia in the south the ins urrection was l:ierh aps · mos t ·formi dable.

H ere the Spani sh general · Castanos was organi sing an army composed par tly of regular troop~ and partl y of raw peasan try . A French a rmy : un der Dupont, numbering 13,000 men ent~red And~lu sia ·ai1d oecupied·Ai1di.;j ar· en; the·5t:'h June, 1808. · Marching thence on ·cordova, he fo; ced the passage ·of the Guadalqui vir on the 7th, ~nd took ·and ·sacke d the city . H aving re mai_1;ecl h~1:e nin~ days, fin d in g hi s commui~i­ c:ni ons cut l:v · the Spa ni a rds; he retiretJ to

The force was orga nised in four d ivisions un de r General s Redi ng, Coupigny, Felix J ones (an Irishma1)), __ a nd La Pena .

An additional col um n of raw levies , under Cruz-Murgeon , wris push~cl far forwa rd to harass tbe F rench flan ks and commu nications.

D u pout . with hi s 17 ,o oo men shoul d have had no di ffic ulty in holding Castanos' untrained levies , b u t Jack Of initiati \·e made him reSO[Ye on a timid d!ef ens iYe. · He determined to hold the line of the G uadalqu ivir from Anduj ar to ]\[eng ibar fe rry, a d ista nce of fifteen miles; and even as it \ms, he left it possible for C asa ntos to cross the r iver higher up .

In the mea ntime Sa\·:uy at Mad rid, being anxious for D upont's _safety, sent Gobert's d ivision to secure bi s comm uni cations. Dupon t, however, ordered Gobert to cross the . S ierra Morena a nd reinforce VedeL This he did , bring!ng wi th him 5,000 men . The position of the F rench was now as fo llo-ws : Dupont a t An duj ar wi th JO _,ooo men; Ver!el a t Ba ylen with 4,000 ; hi s l ieutenant, L iger-Belair , a t Mengiba r ferr y with 2,000; Gober t at L i C arol ina with nearly 4, 000 .

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some ·uf Liger-.Be la' ir's -p ickets / ·a nd .; Dtipo1i f there upon sen t-Go bert to join Vedel at Bayle11: · Next day . Cast:aii os m:a de · a, great den1onsttat ion wi th ho rse, foo t, and a rtillery before And uj ar. Coup igny skirmi shed with a de(ach- · ment sen t out from And uj ar at Villa N ueva.

And R ed in g, havin g c ros ~ecl the ri ver in face of Li9er-Belair at . Mengibp.r, . r~.t i:,e_a te.9 . a~ ain when t hat general -was reinforced 'Q)' Yed~L · ,·:, On the 16th_, : Dupon t, _taking · Ca.sta nos1 . attacks serio usly, commit ted the gross -blunder of demand ing reinforcements f n:m1 Veclel if he . coul d. spare them. Vedel, desp i ing_h is enem y, the reupon marched his whole force, except fo r .

Li ger)3_ellai r's men at Mengibar, from "B ay len ' to And uj a r, \rh ich he reached a t t1yo in tb,e afternoon , havi ng sta rted at midnight. . Thus the grea ter part of the French troops was. concen trated against Cast anos, who aga i1~ . was content to make a fe int. Cruz-Murgeon wa .·· rep ulsed by Dupont's fi.ank ; and Coup ign y. again fa iled to cross the r iver.

The major share of the day's fighting .fell to R ed in_g . H e ford ed the river a nd ·drove bac}z ..

Lige r:Belai r again. The la tter sent for help to · Baylen , now ·occupied by :Gober t, w~ho .im,, med iately came to the rescue. -,Hi s -force, hq w: ever, was ve ry weak, a~ he · b ad de~acheg a number of rnen to. gua rd agai nst a n im_a g\n a ry fl ank ·a ttack through Linares, The F)~ n ch were outnumbered and comp le te ly de fea ted. l;>y R eel ing, Gobe rt being mortally wounded: Dufour, who took over the command; -fell back on Baylen. Next morning, fearing for hi ~ fl ank, he continued his retreat to La <'.:arolina .

H earin g of this disaster, Dupo nt; on the 17th, ·sent Vede l with 6,o<;:>o ' men to , Baylen , whic'.1 he found deserted by Dufour. Reding was enca mpe d by the river, .<t11d Vede! did not think of sending his cayalry ~to look for 'him.

Vede l ma rched to L a Carolina to join Dufour, and camped for the night at Gu <1;i roman, halfway between Baylen and L a Carohpa. , Dufour and Liger-Bela ir bad' reached the ·J,atFer town unopposed, and were joine d there by Y edel o n

Anduj a r. . -H e managed to _,send· news of his p li ght to Marshal Sciva ry at Ma drid, who

On July the r rth, C as ta nos at Porcuna drew up hi s p l ~n of operations . H e ·himself, with despatched ~o h is _ass i ~tan ce Gen~raJ::}'.>_c;lfl.r,W~~9 r 2 ,ooo men under J ones and L a P ena , were 6, ooo foot a nd 600 ho rse . Vedel had to force to ho ld Dupont at Ancluj ar by attacks which the D espena P erros defil es , and _reached L a . were not to be driven borne until .the other Carolina on the 27th , where he got in touch d ivisions were victorious. Coupign y was to tr y wit'h Du pout. The latter general,.s f qrce ·was and ca rry the ford at Villa N ueva with 8,ooo still a t And uj a r, in sp ite of the _unheal th ); me n. \.Vh ile R eding , with r o ,ooo . men , was to force a passage. at Mengibar all d march on na ture of the town , which had alread~· in n ilided hun c:lred_s ;0f the French . Dupout, B ay len. ~ e was then to co-operate wi th however, resohed· to rema in there as it was a Coup igny in fall ing on D upou t's rear at oentre of roads, and was threa tened by- - Andujar. . On the extreme le ft, Cruz-Murgeon , Casta no . ?vie•vnvhil e he stationed Ved el at 11· ith hi s fl ying c0lumn of 3 ,000 , was to 12ross B ayl~n, -16- miles to the. east, ordering him t ~} th e Guadalquiver and descend o n . An d uj a ~· fromsendi a br:i;ga_de: ·against Jaen. Thi s town was the north. Thus ·the whol ~ French army was ta ken and s a ~kec1 on July the 2nd.. to be surroyncled .and des troyed . . On July the G<i.staµo § J~a§ ; ~1_0 W -approaGh.ing:. Jfo had . 13th, R eeling and Coupign y set out, Ca.s tanos . had -a n1onth _.iq v.:l;iich to tra in_his ~. rmy ,. which ren1aii:ing quiet till they .should ·have reached consisted of 30,600 -jnfant ry .an d ·.2.,.600 ca 1·a lr y. t heir. posit ions . .. On the. 14th , -Red ing dr°''e i,n

the morning of the eighteenth.

Vedel now sent ne ws to Dupont tha t the ·-· - .:.; Spani a rds were in his rear trying to cut him off from Madrid b y D espena P erros . Acting on this fal se in form ation, Dup_ont ordered his lie utenant to cru sh the enemy oppo~ecl ·fo him , and then . rejoin h im a t And ufar tc» .- ~ss i st h )m . again st Ca.s tanos . Vedel soon f o{mcl ·out hi s._.. mis.take;_ but bis troops were . worn .. ~:m t" amf rk p ende d fo r p rovi ~ i on s on La ·c _arolin a, · and sn he was obiiged to halt there . ~--- ·· On the sanie day R eding , joined a·t .last: hy Co up ign y, ach anced on Bayien,_ ·,yh_!ch o{

cnur~e they fo u11 9 to b_e _unoccup ied . ."Thinking · tha t Veclel must b e. wi th Dupon t, he resol ved .to ma ke. for An<:]uj ar . the followi1;g m9n~i;~g. ---~ i.; t : th at 1·ery nigh t his pickets into acti"o ri"

came

with Pt\pont's aci~a nce gua rcl . ..

Dµ pon t, . at las_t realising·_'-tbe na ture of Castanos' attack , growing . arixj ous

abo~t the;.

gap of thir_ty l~~iles bet\\"een hini se lf. an~ ~i lieutenant, h.a d made _up hi s mind to r e ji:iin 'h im , . ._

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THE IRISH VO LUNTEER.

Barricacliing the bridge, he left Andujar on the evening of the r8th, and marched for Baylen, being so badly serrnd by his cavalry that he did not know it to be in the hands of the enemy.

THE GROUND .

"The little town of Baylen is situated in a slight depression of a saddlecbackecl range of hills wh ich nms southward out from the Sierra Morena. The road which leads through it passes over the lowest point in .the watershect . . . T o the north and ~o u th of the town the heights . . . project somewhat on each flank. . . . The hill to the south is called the Cerrajon; those to the north the Cerro de!

Zumacar Chico, and the Cerro del Zuinacar Grande. All three a.re bare. . . . None of them are steep . Their lower slopes are quite su itable for cavalry. The ground to the west, over which the F rench had to advance is open and le1·el for a rnile and a half; then it grows more irregul ar, and is thickly covered with olive groves. . . . The western limit [of the g·round] is the ravine o.f a mountain torrent, the -Rumblar. . . . The road from Andujar crosses this stream by a bridge, the only plaoe where artillery can pass .. . . [On the east] the road passes through a· broad defile . . . commanded by the heights on its northern side, where lies . . . the Cerro de San Cri stobal. " [Oman.]

rese rve~.

Chalbert's a rtillery was smashed up , and hi s bri gade retreated to cover with heaYy loss.

The F rench were in a very bad way. The road behind Chabert was blocked by a huge convoy- the spoils of Cordova-·and Dupout expected to haYe Castanos in bis rear every moment. With some rlifficulty he disengaged the Swiss infantry, Dupre's light cavalry, and Prive's dragoons, and threw them, tired as they were, into the fray. Without waiting fo r the rest of his men he de liYered thi s second attack with about 6,ooo troops, half of whom had already been in action. . The Swiss advanced on the left, Chabert in the centre, the dragoons on the right. The latter cut up two Spanish battalions and seized Cerrajon . ·u nsupported by their infantry, however, they were ro uted by the Spanish reserves . At the same time Chabert was again repulsed.

Dupont in despair hurried up Pannetier's infantry, leaving the Ru rnblar bridge guarded by a single battaPannetier was sent against Reding's lion. right on the Cerro de! Zumacar Grande, whil e tbe exhausted troops on the right were ordered to renew the attack. The latter were incapable of achieving a~1ythin g by no''" , and P annetier was repul sed by Reding's resen·es.

As there was still no sign of Casta nos, Dupont hurried up the battalion from the bri dge for a last assa ul t. R allying the remnants of the

t

Saturday, April roth, 1915. un the point uf destroying it when uc~v s of the suspens ion arrived, with an order from Dupont to halt . Vedel obeyed.

Of the bargaining which followed we shall say nothing. Dupont's army was completely trapped, without water qr provisions, and utterly demoralized . D'llpont was · obliged to surrender not only hi s own force, but Vedel's as \rel l.

COMMENTS,

Castanos ha rel I y dese n ·ed hi s victory. His ori ginal plan was very da ngerous, im·olving as it did the division of bis arm y into three separate columns. Luckily for him the enemy fa iled to take adva ntage of this . All through he was slow to grasp an opportuni ty, and delayed a long time before finally seizing deserted Andujar, thus almost letting his enemy give him the slip . R eeling deserves most of the credit of the victory, and even he took very poor preca utions against Vedel's arrival. · Dupont made a complete mess of the _whole busi ness . Hi s ori ginal position was bad; he failed to take advantage of the division of the Spaniards ; on the I 5th he made the stupid mistake concentrating all his troops at Anduj ar and then making no use of them; and on the r 6th he made the most fatal mistake of all.

When he heard of Goberfs defeat he might have marched at once on Baylen, or, better, have taken the offensive against Castanos.

Instead, be split his force in two,· and so inevitably brought about the disas.ter at Baylen three days later. F urther comment is unnecessary. In the actual battle: Dupont lost his head completely, and simpl y hurried regiment after regiment to certain destruction.

I o..;_o I

The Theory of "Sniping."

foo-r . t-1 0 1\$. ( .

s."'"' ''" F"-e'"'H

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.THE:

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BATTLE

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ON

I THE r9 TH.

THE BATTLE.

The p reliminary firing having d ied down , the Span iards bivouacked under arms in their fighting positions. Reding was on the right on the slopes of Cerro del Zuma.car Chico, Coupigny on the left of the Cerrajon . The saval ry were in rear of the infantry. T o protect the right: fl ank 3,500 men were posted fa r out to the east.

At dawn the F rench general Chabert advanced and drove in the Spanish outposts. u nderestimating his enemy' he pushed forward against the centre on the south of the road, thus allow ing his smal I force to be overhpperl by the horns of the Span ish crescent.

Coupi gny's skirmi shing line was driven bacl; some hundreds . of yards, but the further progress of the French was stopped by the

I'll! IC.. E.

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GENERAL PLAN .

former attacks, he .led the whole force in person They met with some against the centre. sucoess at first, but at last D upont was wounded , and the F rench retreated once more.

At the same mom :nt th_e Swiss regiments deserted.

And now Cruz-Murgeon's columns came dow n from the mountains and carried the Rumblar Bridge. H e was soon followed by La Pena's division. For the French i1ow all was up, and most of the men who survived were too exhausted to move. Dupont accordingly asked and obtained a suspension of hostilities.

H ard ly \Ya S thi s concluded wben Vedel, who had discovered that there was no enemy to northward of him , and had decided to return to Baylen, arrived on the scene of action .

Taking the Spanish fl ank by surprise, he was

The term " sniper " originated in the ceaseless small wars carried on by.the Engli sh on the North-West frontier of India. It was applied lo the single rifleman who crawled about on to commanding points, aimed carefully at a n officer or a sentry, and shot him . Especi ally at night, or rather dusk, they would crawl close up to outposts and pick off the sentries.

Such tactics as these are most annoying to regular troops. They allow them no res t, inflict considerable losses , and are very damaging to the efficiency of the army. In Ireland opport unities for adopting such . tactics would be abundant, and could be used to the full.

Not only do they terrorise the force they arc directed against, but they are of the utmost use as a tra ining for the soldier practisiii g them.

It shoul d be remembered in thi s con nection tbat a man can be an excellent sniper \Vithout being a crack shot : ali he needs is to be a fair shot and ltave a cool !lead. Any man is able to kill a sentry with a shot-gun if he can steal up close enough. There is no excuse ·fo r firing (Con timter1 on page 8.)

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fHE IRISH JIOLUNTEEA.

Sa,t,urday, Apr.ii , r oth, r 9 r 5.

IRISH VOLUNTEERS. LIMERICK REGIMENT. Cash Account for Year ended 31st December, 1914.

,- :.. £246

Tu Stores am! Equipment ,, Public Fund Account ,, \Yan.i Collcetic1n~

.. .

341 6}) 2,18 23 89

C urnann na n1 Ban

,, Th('at:re R"ya l Be ndit . ,, :'<!embers' Subscripti<.,ns ,. Barid Fund ,, K ii larney l'rite Profit, Kill a loe Excursion . ,, B~ dl ybrown .Ca mp ;\ccounl

18 0 8 9 () iJ 0 0 7 11 2

:1

2 0 0 8 u IJ

. 0 12 :3G JO

7 !J

By ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,

... £839 Stores and Equipment 10 R ent, &c.

20 Advertising, Printing an<.I Stationery 9 \~i ages, Caretakers, &c.

8 Dcleg:-1tes ' 'Expenses 3 Postage a nd \'Vires 18 Aftiliation Fees 9 Fire, Light anrl Fittings :J Expenses re Elec t ions 2 Sundry Expenses 0 Band ExpeBses 5 Killar.ney Guara11lcc 28 Bal lybrown Ca mp Account

£76 11 ,, Balance in Bank 29 0 ,, Bala nce in hand s of Secs. £1,065

6

5 0 11 6

9 8 9 2 10

2 \) 15

1 1

2

~

18

4

0

0 0 4 4

£959 14 8 9 1 105 11 10 £ 1,065

6

0

17 10

6

6

5 0

... £839 15

£854

5

0 . By Cash paid by Members 0 ,, Balance due by Member s ,, Stock on hands ,, Bala nce (see R evenu e Account) 0

... £246 18

231 ... ...

0

9 10

145 4 230 13

0 2

ExPENDlTURr:.

10

2

9 2 10 0 17 10 2 1 9 1 15 0

£818

4

4

3 5

4 2

8

By ,, ,, ,, ,,

P ublic Fund Account Ward Collections Cumann -na mBan Theatre Roya l Benefit Members' Subscription's :..

Band Account ,, Killarney Prize Profit Killaloe Exc ursion Ballybrown C a mp Acc ount

£ 482

0 5

6 2

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. .. £341 69 2.48 23 89

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£ 482

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5 8

I have..exa mined foregoing Statement of Accounts, a nd hereby certify ~a me to be correct, subject to r('port of this elate.

March 3rd , 191S. E. STEVENSON, Auditor a nti Accountant. ·

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THOS. J. LITTLE, The Irish Tailor,

38 · DRURY STREET, DUBLIN.

Vol"unteer Boots.

1914

Specially_c;lesigned for marching, and manufactured in n,1y . own factory by Irish Trade union Labour .

Post Orders promptly atte nded to.

JOHN MALONE, :NORTH KING STREET, DUBLIN.

KING STREET, CORK ...

Monuments,

H~_adstones,

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etc.

.For CHOICEST Blends"of TEAS, HIGH-CLASS GROCERIES and PROVISfONS, TRY

CURTIN BROS., 52, 53, 54 Shanden St. & 40 Thomas Davis St.

CORK.

at :ro9 yards, if yo_u can ge t within 5 0 . · There no excuse for fir{ng at 5~ yards , i f you can ..:,. . . (·T a \):l llfJ and club do wn )"Ollf OjJfJ 0 8 (' llt 11·ith the butt 'of )'our ti fle. . .

Th'! sniper _should constantly uea r in mind fa r as Athy> whic;h is the ~en:ni1_1 u s .o C i br;rnch !,6°.-lt~. ; t is hi.~ busi n e~s nut to w::t:te a single of the· Grand C<tnal. ·"ifi ~""' • ..

-· ('ilftridge. H e s h ou 0J_~ n-~~uuseq u e n ce sta lk hi s " The ter;itory along thi s .ro ute contcLins ma 11 : · ma n in caref ul , ,.cl.e l ~be rate fas hion, and t<1ke no consi derable tow11s and goo·d n a_t u i:i1'~ i·esotirce s . cb anc~s .''" J'-he :best',gui cle of ·all fo r ·the sniper Large vese]s ca n come up to W ate rJoi·d ;-~a n d is the :A-iriCl i hillm-an, and sei·eral Liooks are sm:iller sh ~ps can come up the 'Ba rro:r-.a's· f~~T 'as ava ilabfo descri-p{i\ie of h) s course of act ion.

New Ross: · Also the.·dail;,':p;i.pe rs at p resent from time to 10~01 .

Lime 'give· good desc~ip.tio1;s of the stalking and. skirmj,sP,ing tp,c;tics of the snipers on both sides 1-M PORTANT NOTICE. in F1anders : "!he_~main poi1'.ts are aoility to mq·v~ ., u1·1}een, : : together w.l.th steady and BEL FAST VOLUNT EERS . d':elibn ate aim' at the- clos est range attainable .

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Manufactu:red by_

BRO: S~., :s. c. ROAD.,_·o(fBLlN::·" .·

TWINEM ·

Warpipe Bands.

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,cz±'~~:. :. Wt\t~~ford );:nt~y ~-into ·'"'~:·s ~:d

E vei;y Volunteer in Bl'.lfast is requested to note that special meetings of aH th~ _Co:11pinies will be held a t Will owbank Huts simt1i taneousl"y i).t eigb_ t o'clock on Monday , 12th inst.

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· · '7 Ir-eland,~

··--'i'h~ fact- th-at- the. g~eater, part of the Irish

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~EQUI SI TES,

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a very import:aiit ·port. I t has a considerable export tra·d~ :in -~~ttle and farm p·roduoe, and as a ·:r.esul \~ it possesses excellent wharfage- a cou']51e of ni iles- -and. splendid railway facilities right alongsicl~ t he clocks.'

-'I:he;, ro_ute to Dublin from W aterford lies th~o~~tthe counfr~s-of"Kilkenny and Kildare.

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The ~~~.s t~~-n fl ank of this route rests on the Blackstairs Mount Leinster and, the Wicklow ~-~ -;.' . $ Mountains; '\vl~-ile to the West, W aterford is isolated -by~tlie~Coi:neraghs. The main railway line_ to..Dublin .. runs . by Kilkenny to join the n1ain Great Southern line at Maryborou g~ . A subsidia,i:y, line would be available by Kildare, Atb.~ , .B°ig~nalstown .to P alace E_ast, linking up with W exford. Good r<:>ads follow the general

STATIONER and TOBA.CC_ONIST, .- . <-~

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Hopkins & Hopkins' WRISTLET WATCHES. High est Grade Leve r Mov ements .

PRICES LOWEST POSSIBLE FOR CASH. '.

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CAT ALOG U ES FREE.

Opposite O'CONNELL · MONUMEN T,, -~ ~~LIN. T eleg rams. : "Meyther, Dubl in .':

T el ephone :"_3569'. .

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Read " THE RE-CONQUEST OF IRELAND," -~

By JAM.ES CONNOLLY

(Author of " Labour in I rish History). · In valuable to all who wish to understand t he forces making for a regenerated Ireland. The 'illuminating chapters upon U lster are alone · worth the · price. PRICE, SIXPENCE. · 0 rder from Liberty H all; D ublin, or from your · "' Newsagent.

I F YOU WA NT T O SHOOT STRAIGHT come to

THE FOX & CO. SHOO.TING .RANGE, 74 THOMAS STREET.

' Managed by all-found .Sports ma n, Avail of our Co-!11peti tion:s. and Money P rizes.

Open 1 p. m. to 1 0- 3 0 p m.

Sundays ,frorp. r 1 a.m. to 1 0-30 _ _p . ~n .

~;.,j;;;··~;~;~t;;~~-- 0 ;;;i~-t-;d- sj;~~i;1 -outfi tte;s by the Executive Counc ih..;;V

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BELFAST,

WILLIAM FANAGAN, '

T elephpne No. 12.

31 · Great George's Street, . West, .CORK.

~H~ELAl~. -~ = SON, l _-7 _IJ.pp~~- __ Ot~oft:4 _, Qµ~ay,: ...

8 ··HOW ARD STREET,

54 AUNOIER, STREET, DUBLIN;

TO ,,,BE SU~E that ,,you get tbe · righ t · fi9 .!'l'na : 'Uniform, '.!!'yo'u · must deal w ith the OFFICIAL ·OUTFITTERS.

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O' MAH.O.NY~ S~ -_

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MUS ICAL WAREHOUSE ,

Undertaker and Carriage Proprietor,

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a:nd ~ u N.E_WS

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-· :X'Wate1Jord is Jh~ i1earest to .tl:le _continent of . .._, ·'·'- -· .'

Europe . 9f all . the larger Iri"sh cen tres. In earl~e~~~i~r~s: ~~a~ the chief p;rt of intercourse with'-:E"~-r~p~~ - and:ev"en at the -present _time it is

D. McCU LLC)UGH,

VOLUNTEER to get your CIGARETTES, TOBA~co, SMOKERS'

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CO?.-,§_t , n,1~re o~ l~ss .·!11oun~a}nou s while the centre of the coun.tr.y is a plain, . has the effec t dk:1'.i~~iting . the .number of entries by whfch inva£~ori oh ;a J:arge .scale is possible. And this n,u_4;b"~r ~§.~ rill f mtlier limited by the need for amJilC diseli1bar~ati:<:>n facilities for such a force . Thus, in the er\.tire length of coast l'>El"i~veen Dubliri:;knci;brhe!i·~k there is only __9t1e r{?µ).e direct into -the central plain of Irel an~"-'-t~at by aterford. ' . : .~,,_

VO L UNT EE RS, we ask your support when starting Bagpipe or other Bands. We are actua l make rs in I rel and, and can give you be tte r and cheaper I nst ruments than th ose who are me rely Import ers.

Bes( · Uillean Bagpipes always in stock.

Chanter, Bag, 'ftnd Bellow>, 7 Ss. nett.

Wholesale · Agent for all publications by Carl H arae btrk. ..

Write for !is.ts.

LISTS-· fREE . ·

DO YOU FEEL WEA!{, D epressed, or . ru~- d~~vn ?

CAHILL'S AROMATIC QUINI NE . AND. T RON T ONIC will tone you up, steady your nerves, ·1m·prove your appeti te, enrich your blood. F or s u m 1i1er_l~ss1tude , for Neuralgia, try a bottle l s. and 2s, ;, pq·~ 1 ag¢- 4d.

Made o.nly by ART HU R J. CAHILL , . T he '.National Chemist, 82A Lower D orset Street, D ublin·. . '· · ··-· '

TA·R GET RIFLES Etc. Greener Mar tini Rifles· 22 ca l.

55/Steven's F~vourite Rifles .. .

27/6 ,, . . Marksman Rifles ... .

20/Crackshot Rifles .. .

16 (j ,, Little Scout Rifl es 13/6 Winch ester Single Shot" Ri fl es 20/Heavy Mod el .. . . 27/6 ,, Repeater Rifl es 50/'• IIeavy Mod el 60/Hamilton Boys' Kifles 10/6 Britannia Air Rifles 37/ 6 Adaptors·-for 303 Rifles . .. . . .

3/Targets, · 22 cal. Cartn dges, _ Cleaning . H.ods, and All Sundries . .· . .

REPAIRS A SPECIALITY.

Catalogues Free.

L. KEEG.AN, Gun & Rifle Maker and Amninuitioil Merc-haot; •

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3 INN'S , QUAY, D·JlBLlN. Telephone 2574.. ,

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If you want . DRy.: EE~T ~~ an~~PERl'ECT'FIT • .•.

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T EY -

~AHE~N, 110 Emmet .Road, '" ~ ~~~. ~~o-~ebatter.

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· Bootmaker;

Inchaco~e; --~nd