028_HAV_ATLAS_12_foreignact_dr_A3

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ForeigninRelations Heritage Hong Kong - Declared Monuments International Affairs Hong Kong Cuba’s once-ambitious foreign policy has Island been scaled back and redirected especially as a

result of economic hardship after the collapse of the Soviet block. During the following 01 Rock Carving at Big Wave Bay periodo especial bilateral cooperations have been established with several South American countries, most notably Venezuela and Bolivia. Although relations with the neighbouring United States have not improved since 1980, Cuba has developed a growing relationship with the People’s republic of China and 38 Law Uk Hakka House ~1700 40 Old Wanchai Post Office retains varying diplomatic ties with the EU. In all, Cuba is having formal relationships with 160 nations. Cuba is a founding member of the ALBA, the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas, which is a counterweight-concept to the US-promoted ALCA (Inter-American free trade). Furthermore, Cuba is a member of 56 The Exterior of University Hall 1861 57 Hung Hing Ying Building the Non-Align Movement and hosted its 2006 summit. The most significant international relations of Cuba are economical relations, and have been growing since the 1995 Foreign Investment Act. While most of the foreign investment partners operate within the Cuban joint ven43 Clock Tower 45 Former British reSchool ture system, there is 1913 somewhat ofKowloon a triangle lationship observable between Cuba, Venezuela and China, that seems to go beyond the trading. It may seem as a new kind of “tropical socialism”, but is not. There are strong bilateral ties in order to advance complementary political & economical interests. However the relationship between1786 Cuba12 and Venezuela is a 10 Sam Tung Uk Village Old District Office North crucial one. As the crude oil support from Venezuela is strengthening independency from the US, the cuban physicians & nurses can be seen as a political promotional instrument for Hugo Chavez and his party. As China’s economy is generally trying to grow within the western hemisphere, the people’s republic posseses the 30 Liu Man Chek Tong Ancestral Hall 1751 31 Old House Veto in the UN, which can be seen as a counterweight to the US Veto. Although both countries have common political ideals, China is mostly relying on the economical output. The most difficult relationship of Cuba is the one to the USA. Additionally to the still ongoing economical embargo (since 1959), the 61 I Shing Temple States declared 1718 the 64 Helms Tower + WallsLung Yeuk Tau United Burton Act in 1996, which allows filing an action against companies which are trading with Cuba and the US in the same time. As time has shown, the Helms Burton Act is not able to be executed consequently, however deals are being made through so called “waives”, and updates the more 76flexible. 75 Tsuiof Sing Lau Act Pagodamade it ~1350 Hung Shing There Temple is a certain pressure on the US to break the embargo in order to open up the market, which grows more and more promising, as investments by Spain, Canada eand other economical partners of Cuba have shown. Sources Sources http://havanajournal.com, http://havanajournal.com, 2007 ? 07 Tung Chung Fort 06 Rock Carving on Po Toi Island 2007 Daniel Daniel Erikson: Erikson: Cuba, Cuba, China, China, Venezuela: Venezuela: New New Developments Developments University University of of Texas, Texas, Houston, Houston, 2004 2004 Venezolanische Venezolanische Bruderhilfe Bruderhilfe für für Kuba: Kuba: NZZ NZZ Online, Online, Richard Richard © ETH Basel Bauer, 2007 Bauer,Studio 2007

DRAFT DRAFT © ETH Studio Basel

LA LAHABANA HABANA

?

08 Gas Lamps

1875

15 Tin Hau Temple

1810

25 Old Stanley Police Station

1859

26 Old Supreme Court

1912

27 Main Building HKU

1910

28 Rock Inscription at Wong Chuk Hang ?

36 Flagstaff House

1914

52 Gate Lodge

1884

53 Central Police Station Compound 1864

54 Former Central Magistracy

1846

37 Former French Mission Building

1917

1913

55 Victoria Prison Compound

1841

TRINIDAD TRINIDAD

PUERTO PADRE PUERTO PADRE

USA

MOA MOA

1912

41 Old Pathological Institute

1905

42 Western Market

1858

46 Main Building St. Stephen’s Coll. 1923

49 The Helena May main building GUANTANAMO GUANTANAMO

SANTIAGO SANTIAGODE DECUBA CUBA

Kowloon

No.1 No.1 Foreign Foreign Investments Investments in in natural natural resources: resources: Nickel Nickel

1919

58 Tang Chi Ngong Building

1929

59 Government House

1851

60 St. John’s Cathedral

1847

ECONOMIC ECONOMIC SYMBIOSIS SYMBIOSIS POLITICAL POLITICAL TENSIONS TENSIONS

70 St. Joseph’s College

1864

80 Cape D’Aguilar Lighthouse

INTERESTED INTERESTED IN IN

24 Hong Kong Observatory SHAPING THE SHAPING THE

1875

51 Former M+P Headquart. Comp.

1884

62 Remnants of South Gate of KWC 1847

63 Former Yamen Building of KWC 1847

NICKEL ? 03 Rock Carving on Tung Lung Island SUGAR HEALTH CARE EDUCATION

02 Rock Carving on Kau Sai Chau

CHINA

13 Sheung Yiu Village

~1860

16 Rock Carving at Lung Ha Wan

?

17 Island House

1905

18 Site of Chinese Customs Station

1868

35 Lei Cheng Uk Han Tomb

25-200

CLASH CLASH OF OF IDEOLOGIES IDEOLOGIES

VETO VETO RIGHT RIGHT IN IN THE THE UN UN ECONOMICAL ECONOMICAL INTERSTS INTERSTS IN IN WESTERN WESTERN HEMISPHERE HEMISPHERE 1907

1883

POST-CASTRO POST-CASTRO CUBA CUBA INTO INTO DEMOCRACY DEMOCRACY & & FREE FREE MARKET MARKET

New Territories 1900

SINCE SINCE 1959 1959 REVOLUTION REVOLUTION NO NO DIPLOMATIC DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS RELATIONS ECONOMICAL ECONOMICAL EMBARGO EMBARGO HELMS-BURTON HELMS-BURTON ACT ACT (AND (AND THE THE WAIVES) WAIVES)

19 Man Wun Fung Ancestral Hall

~1800

?

04 Rock Inscription, Joss House Bay ~1274

INVESTMENTS INVESTMENTS & & TRADING TRADING NICKEL NICKEL & & OTHER OTHER MINERALS MINERALS GROWING GROWING INTEREST INTEREST IN IN TOURISM TOURISM 20 Remains of Ancient Kiln 1674 23 Man Mo Temple & & AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE

~1900

09 Tung Lung Fort

~1700

29 Old Tai Po Market Railway Station 1913

ELECTRONICS TEXTILES TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE

CUBA

1904

32 Tai Fu Tai Mansion

1865

33 Kun Lung Gate Tower

1744

34 Yeung Hau Temple

~1800

39 Old House

~1900

TRADING TRADING & & INVESTMENT INVESTMENT IN IN

44 Kang YungAGRICULTURE Study Hall 1736 47 Yi Tai Study Hall OIL, & OIL, AGRICULTURE & ENERGY ENERGY

~1850

CRUDE OIL

48 Walls + Towers of Kun Lung Wai INDEPENDENCY ~1700 50 Entrance Tower of Ma Wat Wai INDEPENDENCY

~1770

FROM THE THE FROM US-EMBARGO US-EMBARGO

ALBA ALBA (Bolivarian (Bolivarian Alternative Alternative for for the the Americas) Americas) DUTY DUTY FREE FREE IMPORTS IMPORTS INVESTMENT INVESTMENT BOOSTING BOOSTING TECHNICAL TECHNICAL & & EDUCATIONAL EDUCATIONAL COOPERATIONS COOPERATIONS ~1300

65 Tang Chung Ling Ancestral Hall

1525

66 Cheung Shan Monastery

1789

67 King Law Ka Shuk

?

68 Cheung Ancestral Hall

1851

69 Fan Sin Temple

~1750

1899

77 Tin Hau Temple

?

78 Hau Ku Shek Ancestral Hall

1762

79 The Morrisson Building

1936

81 Leung Ancestral Hall

~1800

82 Chik Kwai Study Hall

1912

73 Tang Ancestral Hall

~1300

74 Yu Kiu Ancestral Hall

~1500

NET NETVALUE VALUEOF OFVENEZUELAN VENEZUELANOIL OILSUBSIDIES SUBSIDIESTO TOCUBA CUBA 2003: 2003:US$503 US$503million million(25) (25) 2004: 2004:US$826 US$826million million(26) (26)

VENEZUELA

CHAVEZ CHAVEZ -- CASTRO CASTRO POLITICAL POLITICAL INTERESTS INTERESTS IN IN POWER POWER WITHIN WITHIN THE THE INTER-AMERICAN INTER-AMERICAN SYSTEM SYSTEM

72 Tang Lung Chau Lighthouse

CUBA'S CUBA'SHARD HARDCURRENCY CURRENCYEARNINGS EARNINGSFROM FROMCOOPERATION COOPERATIONWITH WITHVENEZUELA VENEZUELA Cuban CubanExports Exportsto toVenezuela: Venezuela: 2001: 2001:US$34 US$34million million(20) (20) 2002: 2002:US$25 US$25million million(21) (21) 2003: 2003:US$154 US$154million million(22) (22) ** Payments Paymentsto tothe theCuban CubanGovernment Governmentfor forServices Servicesof of Cuban CubanPhysicians Physiciansin inVenezuela: Venezuela: US$50 US$50million millionper peryear year[2004] [2004](23) (23) ** Payments Paymentsto tothe theCuban CubanGovernment Governmentfor forServices Servicesof of Cuban CubanConsultants Consultantsand andTrainers Trainersin in Venezuela Venezuela& &Training Trainingand andEducation EducationPrograms Programsfor forVenezuelans Venezuelansin inCuba: Cuba: US$88 US$88million million[2002-2003] [2002-2003](24) (24)

HEALTH CARE

Outlying Islands

POLITICAL POLITICAL PROMOTION PROMOTION FOR FOR HUGO HUGO CHAVEZ CHAVEZ

1899

83 Tang Ancestral Hall

1749

CUBA'S CUBA'SRISING RISINGOIL OILDEBT DEBTTO TOVENEZUELA VENEZUELA 2001: 2001:US$96 US$96million million(27) (27) 2002: 2002:US$144 US$144million million(28) (28) 2003: 2003:US$380 US$380million million(29) (29) 2004: 2004:US$992 US$992million million(30) (30)

05 Rock Carving at Shek Pik

The The Non-Alignment Non-Alignment Countries Countries

proposed

?

~1000 B.C.

Cuba, Cuba, China, China, Venezuela Venezuela

1832

11 Fan Lau Fort

1729

14 Rock Carving on Cheung Chau

?

21 Stone Circle

?

62 14

22 Tung Chung Battery

63 15

1817

71 Waglan Lighthouse

1898

84 Kin Yin Lei

1937

DRAFT DRAFT

03.04 .2007, © ETH Studio Basel, Havana, Foreign Activity, Daniel Abraha 05.03.2008, © ETH Studio Basel, Hong Kong, Heritage in Hong Kong, Matthias Baer

© ETH Studio Basel © ETH Studio Basel


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028_HAV_ATLAS_12_foreignact_dr_A3 by Anna Winiarek - Issuu