Quest for a different high Is high-CBD hemp on the horizon for Canadian greenhouse growers? | 16
Reserved for farming
Who’s affected by new agricultural land reserve regulations in BC | 24
Market challenges hemp hopefuls
Hands-off consumer engagement
Unique grab-and-go kits take the guesswork out for growers. By: Greta Chiu | 8
How viable is the indoor hemp market in Canada? Experts weigh in | 16
Varieties worth a second look
More standout varieties from the 2019 Sawaya Garden Trials
BY MELHEM SAWAYA
How do you define farming?
BC land reserve regulations seek to preserve farmland but have other impacts
BY PETER MITHAM
Lighting: Doing more with less Research at Harrow boosts vegetable yielding efficiency
BY ELI WEISSMAN, BRIAN POEL & DR. MELANIE YELTON
New beginnings
Trying anything new is tough, isn’t it? First, there’s a lot of research involved, which usually means asking experts at conferences, discussing with friends, and nowadays, searching online for more information. Then there’s the added question of whether you trust your source of information. If it’s a random website, does it include the author’s name and affiliation or some way of verifying their credentials?
Unless you’ve offended them, friends and horticultural conference speakers are unlikely to lead you astray on purpose. But what works in one greenhouse may not necessarily work in another. When Mel Sawaya shares highlights from his annual container trials, his varieties always look great. However, he always underscores the importance of trying a little of any new variety before going all in (see part two of his Sawaya Garden Trials coverage on pg. 12). That same wisdom could go for almost any other inputs used in the greenhouse, including growing substrates.
For this issue, we chatted with Dr. Nick Savidov at Lethbridge College about the state of biochar as a potential growing medium for
looks black after being burnt, so it’s not very practical to scrutinize the material using the naked eye.
“What should come first?” says Savidov. Should manufacturers create a market, establish standards and lower prices as manufacturing progresses? Or should the greenhouse industry iterate a need for substrates such as biochar, in order to stimulate manufacturers to produce it? (Read more about the advantages and disadvantages of biochar, pg. 10.)
As you read through this month’s issue, you’ll find that it’s filled with a lot of ‘firsts’.
Vineland has rolled out the seeds for its first made-for-Ontario tomato varieties that were created to fit local greenhouse conditions as well as appeal to local consumer preferences (pg. 6).
Paige Foisy, 18-year-old daughter of known Alberta garden centre and greenhouse owner Debbie Foisy, came up with never-before seen grab-and-go DIY mixed combination kits that combine varieties from different breeders (pg. 8).
Traditionally grown outdoors, cannabis produced for hemp may be finding a new market inside as
What should come first – the chicken or the egg?
horticulture. Though some readers may have first heard about it over two decades ago, this potential substrate is still not a mainstream commodity for horticulture. Why? It’s a chicken and egg problem, says Savidov during our interview. Currently, biochar can be made from many different starting materials (e.g. feedstock) by small companies – those materials and methods have not been standardized, and the quality of the resulting product can differ and in turn, affect the crop. Unfortunately, biochar simply
businesses look to capitalize on the CBD market (pg. 16). At the same time, cannabis produced for marijuana makes waves in BC as new agricultural land reserve rules move in (pg. 24). See also Gary Jones’ column for his take on this issue (pg. 58).
Last but not least, don’t miss new LED research results from the Harrow Research & Development Centre and LumiGrow (pg. 33).
One thing’s for sure, there’s always something new and exciting just waiting around the corner. It’s just a matter of trying it.
The first made-for-Ontario tomato seeds
Vineland Research and Innovation Centre (Vineland) has partnered with Netherlands-based Eminent Seeds to produce and distribute seeds for the first three varieties of greenhouse-grown tomatoes-on-the-vine (TOVs) in 2020.
Partnering with Ontario Greenhouse Vegetable Growers (OGVG), the new hybrid varieties have been bred to suit Canada’s unique greenhouse growing conditions with disease resistance
characteristics growers expect. They also boast higher yields than the varieties currently grown in Canada for commercial production. Consumers have also been heavily involved in the process, providing Vineland researchers with input on preferred aroma, taste and texture. That information was used to guide Vineland’s six-year tomato breeding program to create new and differentiated flavour profiles. Source: Vineland
PREPARING FOR NEW SFCR REQUIREMENTS
New requirements for Safe Food for Canadians Regulations (SFCR) will come into force on January 15, 2020. Preventative controls will need to be in place to address food safety hazards and help prevent contaminated and non-compliant food from entering the marketplace.
Preventive control plans (PCP) are written documents that demonstrate how risks to foods are identified
and controlled. This is required for fresh fruit or vegetable greenhouses with gross annual food sales of more than $100,000.
Traceability: Greenhouses will need to prepare and keep traceability documents and ensure that a label containing the required traceability information is applied, attached or accompanies the fresh fruits or vegetables when provided to another person or
Mucci Farms wins for sustainable packaging
Mucci Farms has been awarded Best Sustainable Packaging at PMA’s Fresh Summit Conference and Expo for their product, Simple Snack, a plastic-free, backyard-compostable series of packaging.
“To win this category in particular is exciting because sustainability is by far the top of mind subject in the food industry today,” says Emily Murracas, director of marketing.
The package is composed of a tray made from agricultural waste and the lidding film is made of sugar-cane and wood fibers using a process that emphasizes social and environmental responsibility.
“Consumer feedback over the last several months has been almost exclusively focused on the reduction of plastic, so we feel like we’ve addressed that concern by coming up with a truly plastic-free package,” says Fernanda Albuquerque, packaging development manager. Source: Mucci Farms
business. Lot code labelling requirements for consumer prepackaged fresh fruits or vegetables will play an important role in traceability, especially during food safety investigations or outbreaks. The more specific the lot code, the better in terms of facilitating faster and more efficient recalls. A lot code identifies the quantity of food manufactured, prepared, produced, stored,
graded, packaged or labelled under the same conditions. It can be numeric, alphabetic or alphanumeric. (E.g. production date, best before date, establishment number or SFC licence number.) For growers and harvesters, the lot code may also be the harvest date, grower identification number, growing region or any other code used for traceability.
Source: CFIA, full details at greenhousecanada.com
BY THE NUMBERS
Source: Canadian Hemp Trade Alliance
THC levels in approved hemp varieties are 0.3% or less
0 pesticides are registered for hemp in Canada
~120k-150k acres of seeded hemp are estimated for 2019
Less than 1% is grown indoors
There were 250 licensed hemp growers in 2018
HawthorneGC.com HawthorneGC.ca
Sales soar for designer DIY kits
Unique grab-and-go kits engage customers and take out the guesswork for growers.
There’s a new series of combinations in town, but growers won’t need to make or design them.
Known as ‘Envee’, these consumer DIY kits have been an unexpected hit at Deb’s Greenhouse in Sturgeon County, Alta. Designed for convenience, each grab-and-go kit contains nine plants in half trays of 1835s, accompanied by an instructional postcard to show the consumer how
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Envee launches with nine of their best combinations this season, with plans to release more of the 30-plus designs in their repertoire.
and where to arrange each variety. The result is a beautiful, combination that takes the guesswork out for both the grower and the consumer.
That’s the uniqueness of the kit, says Michiel Verheul, grower and owner of High Q Greenhouses. Other combo series such as Trixis or Confetti liners, don’t instruct on where the plants should be placed. “[Customers] don’t know how big the plants get, [if] it’s going to take over and choke out something...[or] look bare.”
The driving force behind Deb’s new business venture is Paige Foisy, a budding entrepreneur, college student in business administration and owner Debbie Foisy’s 18-year-old daughter.
Having previously worked for one of Edmon -
ton’s top event and floral designers, Paige combines her passion for design with her greenhouse upbringing to create fresh, never-before-seen combinations. Strolling through her mother’s greenhouse, she chooses from a multitude of flowers and foliage, lays out each design on a wooden table or white background to take flat lay photos, then enlists greenhouse team member Aimie Williams to help construct the kit and design a recipe card for the mix.
“Everytime I created [a mix], colours and textures were always at the back of my mind,” says Paige. Blending material from different breeders, Paige’s combinations offer striking visual appeal while staying true to the consumer, who isn’t likely to differentiate between varietal brands.
Targeting a consumer base of nearly 99 per cent women, each combination has been named for classic elegance and femininity, such as Genevieve, Delilah or Charlotte. Customers would come in within hours of it being posted on Instagram or Facebook and request specific mixes by name, says Debbie. With Envee kits selling out every day, they’ve dedicated at least one full-time person to restock the combinations.
“Customers would often only buy four or five plants for their planters, but they always took nine with the kit, and they often added more,” Debbie adds. “Now we’re upselling a third to twice as much plant material, and [the customer is] getting a better product.”
Deb’s will be selling Envee recipe cards in packages of 25 to other growers for the upcoming season. With many common varieties in the designs, growers will likely have most of them already on order from their own suppliers.
“Some of the components that Paige picked are [common] things like Dusty Miller,” says Debbie. “Now instead of it going into a six-pack cell, it’s going into a 3.5” pot. That’s a huge [difference in] margin.”
“They say the newer generation loves to garden,” says Verheul, but nobody has taught them how. “In an effort not to fail, they’re not doing it at all.” By offering grab-and-go DIY kits, Envee is empowering a market that has the interest, but not the skills nor the experience in gardening.
“We’re actually creating a recipe for success,” says Debbie.
DEB’S GREENHOUSES
Growing a sustainable medium
“Can we grow plants in pure biochar?” That was the question Lethbridge College researcher, Nick Savidov set out to answer nearly twenty years ago, conducting one of the first extensive studies to test biochar as a growing medium rather than a mere component of it.
Lightweight, long-lasting and microbial-free, biochar is commonly made by heating organic matter to above 400 °C in an oxygen-free environment. It’s a process called pyrolysis. “There is really no difference between biochar and charcoal,” he explains. While charcoal is usually created from wood, biochar can
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Smaller, specialty companies currently sell biochar for $1,500 to $2,000 per metric tonne, and it’s difficult to find
be made from any organic material, such as wood chips, straw, rice husk, coconut husk and peat.
There are several key benefits to using biochar, and stability is a big one. “The longevity of the material would probably be thousands of years, if not millions,” says Savidov. Bacteria have a hard time consuming biochar, and if they do, it’s a very, very slow process. This helps preserve the properties of the growing medium. Its potential for long-term repeated use reduces substrate costs for the grower.
A highly porous material with pore sizes ranging from milli to nano, the little pockets of space allow for high water retention and aeration. It also makes for a lightweight growing product, lowering the costs of transport and handling. The starting material can lose about two-thirds of its weight in the process of producing biochar, mostly to water
and carbon dioxide. Its density will depend on the feedstock. “[With] relatively dense materials like bamboo, the bulk biodensity of biochar can be 400500 kg per m3. If you are using wheat straw, it can be as low as 50-70 kg per m3,” says Savidov.
With different starting materials and varied conditions for pyrolysis, creating standardized, horticultural grade biochar has been challenging for commercialization. Incomplete pyrolysis can create polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that range from being completely harmless to highly toxic, affecting the quality of the biochar. It’s impossible to tell from the naked eye, says Savidov.
Its inherent alkalinity varies between pH 8 to pH 10. However, Savidov’s team tackled this problem by pre-washing with water and nutrient solution, successfully growing over six different ornamental and vegetable greenhouse crops in more than 20 trials. From nasturtium to tomatoes, the crops produced similar or higher yields compared to commercially-available substrates.
Their experiments also observed biochar’s algae-suppressing properties, deterring disease-carrying fungus gnats. Produced at high temperatures, biochar is completely sterile – an advantageous medium for high-nutrient crops like cannabis, says, Savidov, where even the slightest possibility of a pathogen can quickly ruin the crop.
The high porosity of biochar helps it filter and immobilize different types of particles. In one study, biochar reduced the toxic effects of herbicides by about 10 times in basil, helping address herbicide leaks in dugouts used as a water source for greenhouses. Lately, Savidov’s team has been trying biochar in aquaponic filtration systems, filtering out bacteria and finer biosolids.
Because the market is so small, specialty companies currently sell biochar at $1,500 to $2,000 per metric tonne, and it’s difficult to find. If produced on a larger scale, Savidov believes it can be sold at a much cheaper price. “Biochar production is energy neutral,” he explains. “It produces enough energy to sustain the pyrolysis process until it’s completed.” Plus, it can be produced from spent, renewable substrate and feedstock, which can help sequester carbon for added sustainability.
The biggest hurdle now is standardizing biochar for horticulture and creating a market, but the question is by whom – the supplier or the grower?
“The value for horticultural application is great. You can use it as a soil amendment [or] an alternative to greenhouse substrate, but somebody has to take the first step.
N. SAVIDOV
A SECOND LOOK at this season’s showstoppers
With close to 3,000 varieties present at the Sawaya Garden Trials, here’s part two of my new and notable highlights.
BY MELHEM SAWAYA
In the last issue of Greenhouse Canada (November 2019), we discussed 30 new and notable varieties that excelled at the Sawaya Garden Trials this year. In this second part, we will explore the remainder of my selections and highlight how they could benefit your operation. The following varieties are listed either alphabetically or grouped with similar varieties, and not listed in any order of importance or by popularity.
Geranium Zonal Dynamo Orange (31) is one in a range of colours for this medium-habit series. Its leaf zoning and high degree of flower power are musts for both sales appeal and for garden performance. Consumers look for colour, and the more of it there is, the faster the product is sold. For good garden
performance, fast flowering is needed in geraniums because after every rain, almost all of the open flowers need to be removed to prevent the spread of botrytis. Typically, if no deadheading is done, the entire plant will be dead. Dynamo recovers faster than other geraniums after a rain due to its ability to produce lots of flowers.
Impatiens Beacon White (32) and Impatiens Walleriana Imara Orange Star (33) are two colours from the Beacon and Imara series, long awaited to replace older impatiens genetics. In our trials, the Beacon and the Imara did very well all summer long without any signs of impatiens downy mildew (IDM) and with good garden performance. The double impatiens, such as Impatiens Double Fiesta Coral Orange (34),
also did not display any IDM but showed great garden performance with huge double flowers that looked like multiflora roses due to the cooler nights compared to other summers. In comparison, Impatiens walleriana Xtreme (35) was covered with IDM. Hence, even when environmental conditions were favourable for IDM, the Beacon and Imara impatiens were resistant to it.
New Guinea Impatiens Super Sonic Orange Ice (36) and Magnum Fire (37) were not susceptible to (IDM). They performed very well in the trials, which raises the question as to why we need Walleriana impatiens. The New Guinea impatiens perform very well in gardens, with larger flowers and resilient growing habits. They also take the sun better than the shade. In our trials, all were grown in full sun without negative effects, showing better growth habits and more flowers compared to growing in the shade. If you like the habit of New Guinea impatiens but want more vigour and double flowers, you now have more choice. New Guinea Impatiens Roller Coaster Hot Pink (38) has the New Guinea habit but with higher end flowers that could be suitable for selling in an upgraded container for better margins. If you are after vigour and good garden performance, try new crosses like New Guinea Imp. Sunstanding Jazzy Coral (39) and the outstanding Impatiens Sunpatiens Compact Tropical Rose (40). The latter is one colour of the versatile Sunpatiens series that can transform a mediocre garden to one positively exploding with healthy plants seen from 100 ft. away.
Lantana Hot Blooded Red (41) is a breakthrough in breeding. The plant is sterile. It does not produce any seed, which gives the plant more energy to continuously produce more flowers. Lantana is the best hot-weather genera, and it is vastly underused. In our trials, Hot Blooded Red had excellent garden performance throughout the whole summer, without the need for deadheading. In addition to thriving in extreme heat, rainy days did not affect the hot blooded red lantana as it bounces back immediately. Great alone, in combinations, and in mixed containers.
Lotus Berthelotii Red (42). The lotus flower on the Berthelotii are exceptional, but unfortunately hard to produce. It needs to be aged, then cooled for 6 to 10 weeks before being forced under bright light conditions. I would suggest
using this lotus vine as an accent in combinations as it can complement any mix without taking over.
Nepeta Blue Prelude (43) is a first-season flowering perennial that has scented foliage, and attracts bees and butterflies. This excellent garden performer blooms through the whole summer and well into frost. Blue Prelude can be grown in gallons for landscape or in large containers mixed with other perennials or annuals.
Ornamental Pepper Midnight Fire (44) is a black foliage plant with loads of peppers that is great in pots, landscape and mixes. In addition to its excellent look and performance, Midnight Fire, like other ornamental peppers, is an excellent host for Orius, a beneficial predator that will feast on many pests.
Osteospermum Sunny Hazel Orange (45) is a garden performer that blooms the whole summer long, holding strong through hot weather and excelling during cooler nights. The flowers on this variety last a long time as well. It is very floriferous, offering four flower flushes before any deadheading is needed. By looking at the plant, you will notice that there are four stages of flowers that are still in good shape, which is a great sign of its longevity in flower cycling and the floriferous power of the plant. Sunny Hazel Orange is great for large containers, landscapes and mixed containers.
Petunia Easy Wave Blue (46) is a medium vigour plant and flowers at an early stage, so it can be shipped in colour and in small containers. However, its medium-sized flowers recover slowly from the rain. In comparison, Petunia Shock Wave Denim (47) is more vigorous, with many more flowers that stand up to the rain and with no deadheading needed, but it flowers more vigorously without growth regulators. Petunia Tidal Wave Silver (48) is one of a much more vigorous series than both the Easy Wave and Shock Wave. Two plants of Tidal wave will generate a petunia tower in less than 8 weeks. If you are looking for a large landscape with large pots or in the ground, Tidal Wave is your answer. All three Wave series are from seed, which helps avoid the diseases and pests that could accompany vegetative cuttings.
Having said that, there are some vegetative petunias which perform very well too, and each have their own advantageous characteristic(s).
Petunia ColorRush Pink (49) is one
of my favourites this past season – selfcleansing, semi-vigorous and tolerant to rain. Petunia Dekko Deep Lavender Vein (50) is another excellent garden performer with a trailing habit that has smaller, but many flowers throughout the whole season without looking tired for a moment. Dekko Deep Lavender Vein is great in big containers, hanging baskets and best in mixes where it gels with other cultivars to give a great show.
Petunia Tea Purple Vein Purple (51) is one colour from the Tea series which is new to our trials. I was impressed with its garden performance throughout the whole summer and its fast recovery from rain, a shining selection among the series. By next season, I will know if these initial observations hold true in greenhouse production when put through different conditions and different growers.
Petunia hybrida Capella Baby Pink (52) is a compact variety that did very well in our garden trials. Normally,
compact varieties run out of energy under high light and temperature conditions, but not the Capella series, which offers a mounding habit with self-cleansing characteristics.
Petchoa SuperCal Premium Caramel Yellow (53) is one colour in the toughest series of petunias we tested. It stands up better to cooler temperatures than other petunia series and thrives in hot weather conditions. The Petchoa Supercal has a mounding vigorous habit, but flowers easily. So for greenhouse production, planting later is recommended. Growers planting earlier should force at cool temperatures for a better finished product. Petchoas are great in hanging baskets and mixed hanging baskets.
Rudbeckia Denver Daisy Yellow (54) was one of the better garden performers in landscape and in our trials. Some other varieties flower earlier and look cuter at sales time, but most of them do not do very well in landscapes. Denver Daisy
Yellow is a strong plant where its flowers not only last long, but flower within the first season.
Salvia Mystic Spires (55) was the most photographed variety in among the entire trial, and for good reason. This variety offers five generations of flowers, which means the flowers can last for a long period of time. The butterflies and humming birds can’t seem to stay away from it. This variety is a great choice for the center of planters and even better in landscape. For greenhouse production, Salvia Mystic Spires should be grown in 6” pots or gallons so we do not have to over treat it with growth regulators. The other option is to grow it in 4” containers and not give it a long growing period, then sell it green. The roots will become established more quickly in the gardens, and you will save on watering frequency due to deeper established roots. For retail, you can grow large containers started earlier to show what the final product in
the garden will look like, or have pictures from the year before on a monitor with instructions.
Senecio Angel Wings (56) is a different plant that has a very soft velvety feel. Anybody that passed by Senecio Angel Wings had to touch it with their hands, and many had to rub their faces in it. This variety is not for small containers because it does not show its potential until it has filled in and the leaves project their magnetic look and feel.
Setcreasea Purple Queen (57) is a well-produced cutting of an old genus that was not used much because of limited or inferior supply. Now with better supply, this variety is a must in many mixes where it adds very different characteristics compared to other fillers. Experiment with it in different mixes and you will be surprisingly pleased.
Here is an idea for you. Mix Senecio Angel Wings with Setcreasea Purple Queen (58) for completely different textures and colours. When put together, they stand proud independently but still complement each other.
Strobilanthes Persian Shield (59) with its purple shades makes one of the best items for the center of a mixed container. Be sure to grow Strobilanthes under long days or else it will flower (which is not desirable) and almost go into dormancy. The solution is to get it early and keep it under long days, or get it in April from propagators who you know use long days.
Tomato Garden Gem (60) is for container production. We now have many tomato varieties that will do fine in containers, but make sure that only one plant is placed in at least a 14” container or larger, such that watering is easier to manage. Economically speaking for both the grower and the consumer, plants could be grown in 1 gallon containers, and the consumer can then plant it in larger pots. Other than for economic reasons, it is better for the plant to be placed deep inside a larger container such that new roots can be easily established and lead to a stronger plant.
With these next three combinations, there is something we can learn from each of them to enhance our mixed containers and make them different. MixMasters
Shoot the Breeze (61) is a uniform mix where all the cultivars not only enhance each other, they are visible all summer long and not just at sale time. Peach of My Heart (62) is a mixed container
where the Sunpatiens component makes almost any mix more colourful while offering excellent garden performance at the same time, which is important for the longevity of a good combination. Mix Woodland Perennial 2 (63) is a different mix that is extremely drought-tolerant. In our trials, this was the mix that was most photographed and inquired about.
As always, try some of the new varieties first and if they are successful, increase their production in the next year but make sure to drop some of the less successful ones.
Melhem Sawaya of Focus Greenhouse Management is a consultant and research coordinator to the horticultural industry, mel@focusgreenhousemanagement.com.
Seeking potential in greenhouse hemp
As growers look towards a seemingly new opportunity for indoor-grown hemp, experts advise exercising caution and conducting research before jumping in.
BY JORDAN WHITEHOUSE
Earlier this year, industry consultant Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza spoke with a number of greenhouse growers who were interested in producing hemp as a commercial crop. They wanted to know which hemp varieties in Canada contained higher CBD cannabidiol (CBD) levels, which would allow them to tap into a new, legal, seemingly growing market. No doubt, many had read about the non-intoxicating CBD and its allegedly positive effects on human health, from pain and anxiety to epilepsy and PTSD. And if one could grow it indoors under tight controls, maybe the potency and quality of the CBD would be higher than that grown outdoors.
Unfortunately, none of the varieties available in Canada have high enough CBD levels to be considered for commercial production and extraction, says Mirza. To import any other varieties, one has to obtain a research and development permit from Health Canada, and there are many other requirements which must be met. The potential for greenhouse cultivation is there, he adds, but like many other crops introduced to greenhouses, hemp also needs to be studied and experimented with. This one also has many regulatory, techni-
cal and production issues which still need to be worked out.
“My advice is to be cautious,” says Mirza, who has almost 40 years of experience in crop production, development and marketing. “Don’t just jump in thinking you’ll make millions — that’s not going to happen. You have to do your due diligence.”
MARKET SIZE
One of the first steps should be understanding the realities of this new, shifting market, say Mirza and others. In 2018, there were about 250 licensed hemp growers in Canada and about 60,000 seeded acres of hemp, virtually all of it grown outdoors. In 2019, the Canadian Hemp Trade Alliance (CHTA) estimates there will be 120,000 to 150,000 seeded hemp acres in Canada, less than 1 per cent of which will be grown indoors.
The rise in acreage has to do with CBD and a recovery from South Korea’s hemp market closure to Canada in 2017. Still, CBD is and should continue to be a major player, says CHTA executive director Ted Haney, particularly for indoor
Discover my recipe for growth
Pablo Costa Van Belle Nursery, Abbotsford, British Columbia
“The light intensity is very low so we need supplemental light to reach the early spring window for sales of our retail-ready Hydrangea. We work together with Philips and with Philips Plant Specialists. We looked at plants, the light intensity and the quality of the light that we have in the period that is critical for our crops and we design together the best option for the crop we grow. We obtain finished plant with color of three to four weeks early. We are proud of the quality of the plants and we are very happy to partner with Philips.”
Ho rt iculture
growers. As there is no data yet from Health Canada for 2019, he estimates that about 50 per cent of Canada’s hemp acreage goes to co-harvests for seed and food only, while 30 per cent goes to co-harvests for seed, food, chaff and CBD. The rest is split between co-harvests for fibres and CBD, fibres only, and CBD only.
“In all cases, the indoor players that I’ve talked to — mainly in southern Ontario and the lower mainland of B.C. — are saying that they have a building that they weren’t fully utilizing and wanted to test what hemp can do for them indoors,” says Haney. “And almost universally, they are producing for CBD.”
As for the future, the CHTA is hoping Canada’s hemp acreage will hit 450,000 by 2023. That will be fuelled by a combination of four growing revenue streams – food, fibre, fractions and soon, livestock feed. Fractions refers to the extraction and fractionation of phytocannabinoids, including CBD, from hemp chaff (flowers, leaves and branches.) Though CBD will play a significant role, says Haney, he thinks CBD will likely never supplant food as the largest revenue stream for the hemp industry.
MARKET CHALLENGES
One challenge of entering the CBD market is getting a licence to grow hemp for CBD extraction. That licence is regulated under the Industrial Hemp Regulations. While this is a part of the Cannabis Act, says Haney, the process is easier, faster and cheaper than obtaining a cannabis licence. “Hemp farmers do not need to test their hemp for THC levels, as they are required to plant certified seed from approved cultivars that have been demonstrated to produce hemp plants with less than 0.3% THC in the flowering heads,” he explains. Not being required to test commercial production represents a significant cost-savings to farmers, as compared to the USA where 100% testing is mandatory. “That said,” he continues, “getting an industrial hemp growing licence is still somewhat of an ordeal, as Health Canada’s online “Cannabis Licensing and Tracking System (CTLS) – which must be used to apply for that licence – is complicated and not particularly intuitive.”
If successful, the licence allows growers to sell hemp stalk (straw) to anyone without a permit, as well as sell viable seed to food processors – and soon feed manufacturers – as long as the buyer has a hemp processing licence. Only hemp chaff is restricted for sale to licensed processors (LPs). And from what Haney has seen so far, greenhouses are lining up agreements with those LPs well before anything is ready to harvest. “Because most of them are skilled cash crop producers, all of them to the last understand that it’s a market-first business that they’re in. You don’t grow a flower, you don’t grow a tomato unless it’s already sold, so that philosophy has positioned them well in this volatile CBD market.”
That volatility may be felt a lot more over the next year or two, adds Haney, and that has everything to do with supply. Similar to the U.S., the supply of hemp to the CBD industry is increasing faster than expected, and while Canadian processors still need to buy significant volumes from wherever they can get it, that won’t last forever. “To everything there is a limit,” says Haney. And that will tend to favour lower priced product (i.e. outdoor-grown hemp). “We’re moving down the commoditization process a little faster than we thought, definitely a year earlier. So, I’d say that the indoor model is going to come under more price pressure this year than last, it will come under more price pressure next year than this.”
TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Despite the downward pressure on expected prices, some licensed extractors that have a clear preference for indoor-grown hemp, says Haney. A big reason is that indoor-grown hemp allows for a non-pollinated, feminized production, which will result in a higher concentration crop than outdoor-grown hemp.
Another reason is that greenhouses can offer fully bio-isolated environments, and that’s particularly important to extractors focusing on a more pharmaceutical approach, says Haney. “And that may in fact for the medium to long term justify and support the continued production of indoor-grown hemp in Canada.”
Still, it’s not automatic that growing in greenhouses versus in fields will result in higher CBD contents, says Mirza. The biggest factor on this front is the hemp variety used, and in Canada right now the approved varieties have low CBD levels, usually between 0.5 and 2 per cent.
Of course, good lighting will make a difference when it’s needed, and Mirza says indoor hemp growers should take a similar approach to cannabis growers whether using high pressure sodium lights or LEDs. “Generally, a full spectrum with both blue light, visible light, and you also need the red component, so it has to be the complete spectrum,” he says. Indoor growers will also have to consider blackout curtains, because hemp plants require about 12 hours of continuous darkness during the flowering stage.
As for pests and diseases, powdery mildew, gray mold, white flies and spider mites are the most common, but there could be others on the horizon, says GGS Structures hemp expert Bob Martin. “I was at a lecture at Cultivate this summer where an expert in this field spoke and explained the work being done. Because hemp is just gearing up after so many years of inactivity, the specific insects and solutions along with the diseases
Fast
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Low
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Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza advises growers to be cautious of new crops like hemp, which has many regulations.
are just now being seen and dealt with.” To prevent powdery mildew in particular, though, says Martin, humidity needs to be controlled, especially in the flowering stage, and cool pads along the vents can help keep the crop from being exposed to spikes in temperature.
For growing media, Mirza and Martin agree that hemp growers should stick with what they are comfortable with. Martin says
he has seen successful crops grown in potting soil, rockwool, and coco fibre. “The only advice I would give is go to a reliable supplier in the greenhouse industry who can tell you the specifics about what they are selling you rather than someone’s secret mixture.”
BOTTOM LINE
So, is hemp a profitable space for greenhouse growers to add to their repertoire? Unfortunately, it’s just too soon to definitively answer this question, say everyone we talked to for this story.
Looking south of the border, recent reports suggest there has been a drastic oversupply of hemp for the purposes of CBD production, which of course drives down value. In Canada, it’s a more balanced environment because of the regulated nature of the industry and the pre-planning of Canadian producers. But as Haney observes, even here the supply is “increasing astonishingly,” and that puts great downward pressure on the value of CBD and the expected prices for hemp chaff.
While there are significant challenges with entering this market, there is still huge potential, says Martin. “Current greenhouse growers have an advantage because they understand the growing side of the business, and they understand you do not grow a crop until you have a plan for marketing and sale in place.”
Mirza agrees, saying it’s certainly a new, exciting area worthy of exploring. “There are success stories, but some are not. So, for anyone who wants to grow hemp for CBD, create a checklist with rules and regulations procedures, how you’re going to grow it, how you’re going to sell it. Don’t just do it because other people are doing it. Be educated, be aware, and use your wisdom to apply all of that knowledge.”
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LAND PROTECTION leads to complications
Changes to Agricultural Land Reserve in BC aim to protect farm lands but also have unforeseen impacts.
BY PETER MITHAM
Crisp autumn days and the approach of Halloween bring the ghouls out of hiding at Gary and Lisa Moran’s farm in Chilliwack, a 90-minute drive east of Vancouver.
Over the course of three weeks each October, a 4,000-square-foot former propagation area transforms into a haunted house, generating additional income that he ploughs back into his 26 acres of pumpkins, corn and other vegetables. A 5,000-square-foot greenhouse, where he handles starts for his own farm and a neighbour, sees regular use throughout the year as an event space.
But this year, ghouls of another kind emerged when Chilliwack city staff recommended he apply for a non-farm use permit such that his agritourism venture would be compliant with regulations governing BC’s Agricultural Land Reserve (ALR). The application was refused, with no apparent reason given. He called the Agricultural Land Commission (ALC) for clarification, but his calls weren’t returned. It was just before Easter, and the farm’s annual Eggstravaganza event was running, so he let it be. The farm’s summer events proceeded. Then, just before the haunted house reopened this fall, city staff told him he couldn’t operate. Moran was floored, and called the mayor.
“The ancillary income we get from our agritourism always goes back into our farm,” he says. The city relented, allowing Moran to operate through Halloween but prohibiting future events. “They gave us to the end of the month; but you cannot do your Christmas season. You cannot do Easter next year,” he says.
Moran isn’t the only grower hit by a crackdown on what’s allowed in the province’s venerable ALR, established in 1973 to protect farmland from urban development. Darvonda Nurseries Ltd. in Langley must move its Christmas-themed Glow event, trading its greenhouses for the exhibition centre in neighbouring Abbotsford.
Many either have concrete slab floors or small sections of it, making them similar to some other industrial facilities against which the ALR was supposed to protect farmland. They’re also the facility of choice for one of Canada’s most controversial crops: cannabis. The scale of many operations also means they need workers, lots of them, and Canada’s shortage of domestic farm labour means those workers are often hired under one of the country’s foreign worker programs and live onsite.
These factors have put greenhouses at the nexus of changes which BC has been making to strengthen farmland protections. The reserve was created during a period of concern about development; similar initiatives were afoot in California and Oregon at the time, but in 1973 the newly elected BC government under Premier Dave Barrett implemented a province-wide protection program based on soil quality for all properties more than two acres in size. This makes it different from other programs, such as Ontario’s greenbelt, which are limited to specific regions.
While greenhouses occupy a fraction of the 4.6 million hectares (11.4 million acres) within the ALR, itself just 5 per cent of the province’s entire landbase, they’re in a unique situation.
While many landowners felt the province had limited their property rights, the reserve eventually became a sacred cow. It was often milked for infrastructure projects and industrial development, however. The expansion of greenhouse acreage in Delta in the late 1990s, followed by port expansion a few years later, drew much criticism. In 2017, a new provincial government pledged to strengthen the rules to protect farmland from speculation and development.
A public consultation in 2018 was followed that fall by Bill 52, which introduced new rules governing what was allowed in the ALR, including residential development. Spring 2019 saw the passage of Bill 15, which overhauled how the commission overseeing land reserves does its business.
Moran sees the new legislation further limiting what he can do, but Stan Vander Waal, president of the BC Agriculture Council and owner of Rainbow Greenhouses
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Representing Delta South in the BC Legislature, Ian Paton wants farmland preserved for food production, not cannabis.
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A rally was held in Victoria, B.C., on October 28, 2019, seeking the repeal of recent legislation governing agricultural land reserve regulations.
Inc., a wholesale grower and distributor of potted plants based in Chilliwack, is more positive.
“The regulation as it applies, even with the changes, have not negatively impacted an average flower grower,” he says, but adds, “There’s no question that there’s a higher level of bureaucracy now.”
The province is emphasizing a farming first approach, something that’s impacted agritourism as well as housing. Agritourism events that overshadow farming activities are no longer welcome, and are either being asked to shut down or relocate. Second residences that don’t house farm owners or workers are being phased out.
“The ALC has been more active in managing the regulation, and ensuring that there’s a level of compliance,” explains Vander Waal.
Moreover, municipalities have been positioned as the first line of defence; they’re allowed to regulate how agritourism happens and what kind of housing gets built in the ALR. Housing that’s endorsed by municipal staff get forwarded to the ALC for final approval. Temporary worker housing can be fast-tracked while permanent housing faces greater scrutiny.
“Anything that’s in the ALR now has to go to the ALC, period,” he says.
Vander Waal is seeking permission for a permanent structure right now that will house an additional 64 workers, doubling the number of workers resident on his property. It’s been going smoothly but is more onerous and drawn-out than
the process for modular housing. The support of municipalities is also much more important than in the past. Overall, however, Vander Waal supports the new approach. “It’s good to have some regulation in place that puts in some level of restriction on whether you can put in housing any time you feel like doing it,” he says.
Similar challenges face vegetable greenhouses, but BC Greenhouse Growers Association executive director Linda Delli Santi was generally supportive of the changes, noting “many other sectors” are affected more than her members.
For the BCGGA, the run-up to legalization in October 2018 saw 96 acres, primarily sweet bell peppers, lost to cannabis, enough to impact BCGGA finances to the tune of more than $40,000. A net gain of 18 acres of greenhouse vegetable production this year promises to stem the losses. “We did lose some acreage to cannabis a few years ago,” explains Delli Santi, “but with our members’ continued expansion in vegetables, we are almost back to where we started.”
Among other residents of BC, however, there is angst surrounding the loss of acreage to a non-edible crop many still perceive as a drug.
“Delta stinks of cannabis,” says Ian Paton, who lives downwind from Pure Sunfarms Corp., a joint-venture between Village Farms Canada LP and Emerald Health Therapeutics Inc. that could have upwards of 4.8 million square feet of
cannabis.
Paton represents Delta South in the BC legislature, serving as agriculture co-critic for the BC Liberals. The debate regarding cannabis reminds him of those around greenhouses in the 1990s. To protect greenhouse operators, the province eventually required agriculture-related bylaws in Delta be approved by the province’s agriculture minister.
It’s a similar issue today. Paton, and scores of people who participated in last year’s consultation on the ALR, want to see farmland preserved for food production, not cannabis.
The concerns prompted the province to intervene in July 2018 and limit licensed production of cannabis to soil-based systems, or structures such as greenhouses already designated for crop production other than cannabis. But when the regulations implementing Bill 52 came down in February, all forms of cannabis production were allowed in the ALR but municipalities were only allowed to regulate non-soil-based systems, such as concrete, and any others not explicitly allowed by the order in council.
But concerns hung around like a bad smell – literally.
Odours from the massive Canopy Growth Corp. greenhouse in Langley prompted some area residents to dub 2019 the “summer of stink” and push for the enforcement of federal rules requiring licensed production facilities to have systems in place for limiting emissions.
A petition, launched in September, asks BC Premier John Horgan to intervene. It argues the Agricultural Land Commission seems happy to regulate other forms of construction but is giving cannabis facilities a free pass.
“The ALC seems to have plenty of time to enforce building rules, fill applications, farmland uses, mobile home applications, and other rules – it’s time they enforce this one,” says a form letter petitioners can send to Horgan.
ALC compliance and enforcement staff are limited to enforcing the commission’s own regulations, however, not federal law.
However, Metro Vancouver, the regional district that includes the 21 municipalities and one treaty First Nation west of Abbotsford, is considering using its powers under the province’s Environmental Management Act to regulate emissions. It estimates that 6.8 million square feet of cannabis production in the region could emit 870 tonnes of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) a year. It’s those compounds that people smell when they talk about cannabis odour, and Metro Vancouver deems them hazardous
because they can produce ground-level ozone. Agriculture in the region as a whole has emissions estimated at less than 200 tonnes per year.
The proposed regulation would see cannabis operations pay a registration fee of $2,000 that would cover administrative costs related to the registration of production facilities and a government review of odour management plans and inspection. Registered facilities would pay an annual fee of $250 plus an emissions fee based on estimated production.
The BC Agriculture Council notes that cannabis production is a permitted farm use and farms of any sort will generate some level of odour; it wants further work to determine what constitutes normal – and therefore, protected – farm practices for cannabis growers.
GH_AndyLang_June2016 copy.pdf 1 2017-10-17 9:45 AM
Delli Santi warns that regulating odours as VOCs could potentially impact other areas of agriculture to include livestock and manure use, especially as the Lower Mainland continues to urbanize.
Esther Bérubé, division manager of air quality bylaw and regulation development with Metro Vancouver, says that a farm operation must not contravene the
province’s Environmental Management Act to be protected under the province’s Farm Practices (Right to Farm) Act; in short, normal farm practices must protect the environment.
The province’s Environmental Management Act delegates authority to Metro Vancouver to regulate air contaminants in their region. “So, basically, they cannot be in contravention of Metro Vancouver’s requirements,” she says.
The developments meant just one thing is certain for greenhouse growers operating on protected farmland in BC: the regulations aren’t becoming any less complicated. While the province is consulting with growers on how it can make their lives easier, many would like to see government get out of the way.
“They have to back off and let us be creative,” says Moran, who says the question growers always asked him when sold cuttings on behalf of nurseries was, “What can I make money on?” He says those who want to protect farmland need to ask the same question, focusing not just on preservation but profitability. “We need them to switch gears from protection to visionary,” he says.
CLEAN CHEMISTRY. CLEAN CROPS. GROWING WITH BIOSAFE SYSTEMS
With the legal Cultivation of Cannabis having been established and quickly expanding across Canada, the need to regulate your crops in order to produce a safe, top shelf product is essential. When creating a consistent and high-quality product, it is vital that the grower ensures optimal conditions inside their operation that meets the needs of a growing market. Having a reliable program in place that ensures peak growing conditions, will provide a dependable, superior, harvestable crop time after time. BioSafe Systems’ is the ideal partner to reach those high standards in all areas of your operation, such as greenhouse sanitation, crop protection and water treatment.
SANITATION
Eliminating variables, such as pathogens and pests, that could contaminate the operation during its growing cycle is critical. BioSafe Systems’ sanitation products are applicable as a: • Spray • Mop/Wipe/Sponge • Fog • Foam • Flood Cleansing • Bottle Rinse
SaniDate® 5.0 is a high-quality, broad-spectrum sanitizer/disinfectant that utilizes BioSafe Systems’ unique peroxyacetic acid (PAA) based formulation to eradicate bacteria, fungal spores, and select viruses*. As the superior alternative to bleach, chlorine, and quaternary ammonium, SaniDate 5.0 is the premier food safety level sanitation product for your operation. Keeping piping systems, such as irrigation lines, clean is essential for greenhouse sanitation.
GreenClean® Acid Cleaner is a blend of mineral acids with wetting agents that quicklyworks on organic deposits, calcium and other hard water mineral deposits, alkaline/caustic buildup. Use in evaporator cooler pads, piping systems, greenhouse shade films and irrigation line cleaning.
GreenClean® Alkaline Cleaner is a heavy duty, thick foaming detergent, which lengthens contact time. With its balanced blend of chelants and surfactants, it will remove the toughest soils on greenhouse surfaces and glass glazing.
CROP PROTECTION
ZeroTol® is a broad-spectrum algaecide/bactericide/fungicide, that effectively kills powdery mildew and botrytis on contact, while leaving behind no residue, breaking down into only water and oxygen. ZeroTol sets the stage for the intentional introduction of microbes for biological control. It can be used in/on greenhouses, nurseries, and commercial cannabis, to completely clear plant media of cultural bacteria and fungi. ZeroTol gives the grower the ability to disinfect plant material and eliminate algae, bacterial cells, and fungal spores/mycelia on contact. This chemistry will not harm plant media, has no mutational resistance (FRAC exempt) and has a low REI (until spray have dried) on foliar sprays making it an ideal product for growers.
WATER TREATMENT
SaniDate 5.0 is the ideal hard surface sanitizer for piping systems within your growing operation. SaniDate 5.0 works to disinfect lines thoroughly, reducing pathogens that can become abundant within piping systems. SaniDate 5.0 requires no rinse or flush prior to irrigation and any remaining active ingredient will increase dissolved oxygen to the root zone improving overall plant health.
CROP PROTECTION CONT.
BioCeres® G WP is an insect-pathogenic bioinsecticide that uses a proprietary ANT-03 strain of the Beauveria bassiana fungus. Native to Canada, it is perfectly suited in IPM programs tankmixed with other pesticides, as well as specific, stand-alone use. BioCeres G WP controls whiteflies, aphids, and thrips in commercially produced cannabis. The active ingredient works by attaching to the insect’s cuticle, penetrating and producing a toxin leading to death. Being a larger and more resilient spore than other B. bassiana strains, and blended with a UV protectant, it leads to better germination and virulence against insect pests. With a zero day pre-harvest interval, BioCeres G WP allows application up to the day of harvest.
Smart lighting in greenhouse vegetable production
Harrow Research and Development Centre tests out greenhouse lighting with smart LEDs.
BY ELI WEISSMAN, BRIAN POEL AND DR. MELANIE YELTON
If a grower could see individual photons of light, it would still be impossible to provide the exact number, and at the right wavelengths, to optimize production. However, technological innovations have made it possible to do just that.
Horticultural light-emitting diode (LED) fixtures entered the commercial market in 2006. Unlike their high-intensity discharge lamp (HID) predecessors, LEDs save energy by dimming to almost any level below maximum intensity, and by more efficiently converting electricity to photons useful to plants. Manufacturers also produce LEDs in a wide range of wavebands and fixtures with adjustable spectrum so that growers can choose practically any spectrum they need.
Dr. Xiuming Hao, research scientist at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and Dr. Melanie Yelton, VP of research, at LumiGrow Inc., have recently been presenting what they’ve learned this past winter from two innovative
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experiments using LED fixtures. Their research found that the wavelengths radiated by LEDs, and the light sensors that control fixture function, can transform how controlled agricultural producers manage their crops.
LIGHT SENSORS FOR MORE CONSISTENT LIGHTING AND ENERGY SAVINGS
In one experiment, LED fixtures provided supplemental light to tomatoes via a novel sensor/ algorithm control method. Before exploring the details, let’s consider why supplemental light is important to begin with.
Most crops increase or decrease growth rates in response to light based on “the one per cent rule”. That is, a one per cent increase in light equates to a one per cent increase in yield, up to a certain point (Marcelis et al., 2005). Take a typical Ontario greenhouse, for example, which tends to receive 76 per cent less light in November
Harrow Research and Development Centre has been testing the effects of LEDs on tomato plants, specifically the effects of DLI-controlled treatments and the use of alternating red/blue light.
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and December than what tomatoes require. Due to the one per cent rule, this equates to 76 per cent less growth. By making up for a yearly average light deficit of approximately 37 per cent, a typical Ontario grower could theoretically increase annual gross revenue by 37 per cent (based on solar irradiance values from NASA Data, 2019).
Yet, lighting is expensive, costing around $24/m2 per year in electricity. Based on a 250 µmol·m-2·s-1 supplemental intensity, 17-hour photoperiod, 18 mol·m-2·d-1 target DLI, $0.11/kWh, and a 1-acre greenhouse with a 60 per cent transmission rate in Harrow, Essex, Ontario. So, it is imperative to provide crops with exactly the right amount of light. Too much will waste energy. Too little means slow growth and lower yields. The ambient light inside a greenhouse usually varies greatly. A solar light sensor can take the guesswork out of optimizing light quantity.
Certain light sensors can measure ambient light levels within the greenhouse
and send these values to a DLI control algorithm. The algorithm then calculates the optimal amount of supplemental light needed to drive plant growth, and directs LED fixtures to brighten, dim, or turn off throughout the day, all while targeting a specific daily light integral (DLI).
From November 2018 to May 2019, Dr. Hao and the Harrow Research team tested tomatoes in duplicate greenhouses. Their objective: to determine how much energy a solar light sensor atop each light fixture could save compared to using conventional threshold lighting For this experiment, Hao used LumiGrow’s smartPAR light sensors paired with LumiGrow’s 650 Pro e fixtures.
Conventional threshold control methods depend on a single light sensor and usually incorporate light via fixtures that have imprecise dimming capabilities. The researcher hypothesized that, because algorithm-controlled fixtures only provide the amount of light plants can use, and no
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Table 1. Tomato harvest data. Means sharing a letter are not statistically different (P ≤ 0.05).
growing environment, a simple, flexible, and sustainable control system is crucial. This is why proactive LPs are turning to Reliable Controls. Our nation-wide network of factory-certified
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LIGHT QUANTITY METRICS
Daily Light Integral (DLI): the accumulation of all photons (quanta of light) that reach one square meter in a day (mol·m-2·d-1).
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD): the quantity of photons that reach one square meter each second (µmol·m-2·s-1).
THE VALUE OF CANNABIS SPP.
Many ornamental growers are converting greenhouses to cannabis production and must consider the high light requirements of cannabis. Failing to provide the ideal quantity of light means forgoing substantial revenue. As of October 2019, cannabis garnered approximately $5 CAD wholesale per gram of dried flower. Assuming a typical yield of 430 g per m2 and six flower production cycles per year, cannabis dry-trimmed flower is worth more than $50 million wholesale per acre per year.
A typical Ontario greenhouse receives 80% less light in November and December than what’s needed for optimal cannabis growth. For this reason, without supplemental light, Ontario cannabis growers can expect an 80% loss in revenue. A grower who maintains six cycles per year with inadequate light in the winter months will lose nearly $7 million in November and December ($8.7 million in revenue per cycle).
(Calculations based on NASA data, 2019)
ADVANTAGES OF LED HORTICULTURAL LIGHTING
• Dimmable in small increments means precise control of light quantity
• Spectral control
• Efficiency savings (the most efficient LED fixture is more efficient than the most efficient HPS fixture)
• Solar light sensor control can target a preset DLI to create consistent production
• Long lifespan: 60,000 hours to 90% output means maintaining high yields (remember: 1% more light usually means 1% greater yield)
• Fewer labour costs to maintain (no bulb or reflector replacement needed)
• Little heat production means crop can grow close to LED fixtures without damage
more, algorithmic control would help save energy.
Harrow and LumiGrow confirmed their hypothesis, determining that energy consumption was approximately 41 per cent less in the smartPARcontrolled compartments (December 15, 2018 to March 6, 2019). This meant much greater production efficiency (Table 1). In smartPARcontrolled compartments (28 weeks after transplant), each kWh produced 3.79 additional grams of tomato fruit than in threshold-controlled compartments.
So, why the difference in energy use? Growers with conventional lighting have limited ability to dim during conditions where light is just below optimal, and typically light more than necessary to ensure adequate light.
While saving energy, smartPAR control delivered relatively consistent light from one day to the next. It is the ability of LED fixtures to incrementally modify their light output that made these savings possible.
OPTIMIZING LIGHT SPECTRUM FOR TOMATOES UNDER CONTINUOUS LIGHT
While the first experiment explored energy savings associated with consistently reaching a specific DLI target, the second experiment determined the value of using specific wavebands (colours) as part of a production strategy.
Light both fuels photosynthesis and directs plant growth. Plants respond to different ratios of ultraviolet, blue, green, red, and far-red light. When the percentage of blue light increases, plants tend to grow in a more compact form with thicker leaves, produce more secondary metabolites, and open their stomates. As the percentage of red light increases, plants generally grow longer stems and leaves, and flower more rapidly.
Treating plants with specific wavebands influences a plant’s ability to maintain a circadian rhythm—to regulate its physiology and morphology based on the time of day. Some plants grow well under continuous light (e.g. lettuce). However, continuous light disrupts the circadian rhythm of many plants including tomatoes. VelezRamirez et al. (2014) noted that tomato leaves under continuous light display interveinal mottled chlorosis (leaves turn yellow due to a lack of chlorophyll),
necrosis (leaves become brown due to cells dying), and experience epinasty (leaf blades curl).
What if modifying the spectrum could alleviate the damage caused by continuous lighting? In the second experiment at Harrow Research Centre, this was the exact question posed by Dr. Hao and LumiGrow. Harrow researchers tested whether alternating red and blue light over a 24-hour photoperiod (12 hours of each monochromatic spectrum) could alleviate the negative effects of continuous lighting.
Scientists hypothesize that one reason continuous lighting damages plant tissue is that carbohydrates accumulate at night if there is no dark period. This build-up damages the membrane in chloroplasts where photosynthesis take place
In the Harrow study, plants growing below the continuously lit, alternating red/blue treatment did not accumulate carbohydrates, and photosynthetic performance remained similar between the 12-hour treatment and 24-hour treatment. At 55 days after treatment initiation, there was no difference in 12 out of 13 plant growth characteristics measured (e.g. leaf fresh weight, plant leaf area, etc.).
Thus, Harrow researchers concluded that tomatoes exhibited healthy growth under continuous lighting as long as red and blue supplemental irradiation alternated, with blue irradiation occurring at night.
Additional experiments being carried out for the 2019/2020 season will determine if the benefits of alternating blue/red irradiation remains when the red-only portion of the photoperiod lengthens. Alternating monochromatic irradiation over 24 hours in tomato production could deliver more photosynthetic light to tomatoes than would be possible under a shorter photoperiod.
The majority of growers still light with conventional fixtures and control lights with conventional threshold control. However, ongoing research has shown that LEDs can provide growers with an advanced level of supplemental light control and can play a central role in helping a grower’s business succeed.
For details on the greenhouse conditions used in each of the experiments, sample calculations and more, visit greenhousecanada.com.
The Harrow Research and Development Centre in Ontario is one of the largest greenhouse research complex facilities in North America.
References
Marcelis, L. F. M., Broekhuijsen, A. G. M., Meinen, E., Nijs, E. M. F. M., and Raaphorst, M. G. M., 2005. https://doi.org/10.17660/ ActaHortic.2006.711.9
Albright, L. D., Both, A. J., and Chiu, A. J. 2000. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.2721
NASA POWER Data Access Viewer. October 22, 2019 from https://power.larc.nasa. gov/data-access-viewer/ Lanoue, J., Zheng, J., Little, C., Thibodeau, A., Grodzinski, B., and Hao, X. 2019. https:// doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01114
Eli Weissman, MS, is a horticulture research specialist, Brian Poel, MS, is a horticultural lighting specialist, and Melanie Yelton, PhD, is VP of research at LumiGrow. For questions or for more information, contact Eli at eweissman@lumigrow.com.
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Main Products/Services: ASB Greenworld supplies various professional greenhouse grower mixes, seedling and plug mixes, indoor/outdoor retail grower mixes, peat moss, soil conditioners, turf top dressing, retail potting soils and mulches.
Main Products/Services: We offer the best prices to outfit your entire bunk houses for your workers. We offer beds, mattresses, comforters, sheets, mattress protectors, kitchen items & more. Delivery available across Canada & USA.
Main Products/Services: At Bailey, we’re all about growing. From our Endless Summer®, First Editions®, and Easy Elegance® brands to bareroot and JumpStarts® potted liners, we invite you to grow along with us.
BALL FLORAPLANT
622 Town Rd.
West Chicago, IL 60185-2698 USA
Tel: 1-800-879-BALL (2244)
Fax: 1-800-234-0370
www.ballfloraplant.com
Key Personnel: Mike Klopmeyer, President. Main Products/Services: Ball FloraPlant is a leading brand of vegetatively propagated plant varieties that has won critical acclaim for its ability to produce clean, healthy cuttings. It is distributed through Ball Seed.
Key Personnel: Jouke Sypkes, Product Manager and Technical Representative, Greenhouse, Nursery and Mushroom.
Main Products/Services: Crop protection products for greenhouse growers across Canada including Insect Control (FujiMite, Talus, Citation, Tristar), Fungicides (Phostrol, Torrent, Cueva) and Bio-Fungicides (Timorex Gold, Diplomat).
BALL SEED/BALL SUPERIOR-CANADA
11831 Cold Creek Rd., Unit B Kleinburg, ON L0J 1C0 Canada
Tel: 905-893-7101
Toll Free: 1-800-268-5204
www.ballhort.com
www.facebook.com/Ball Seed Cares
@Ballhort
Key Personnel: Yves Cournoyer-Sales Director Ball Canada.
Main Products/Services: Ball Seed combines our extensive experience and innovative thinking to make sure you always have the best products, the most efficient tools and the dynamic solutions to build your business.
Main Products/Services: Marketing & Packaging – Visual communication for growers and retailers. VERSA tags, custom tags, packaging, posters, banners, leaflets, brochures and catalogs. Specialized horticultural and photographic data bases. Brand building and logo development.
BEN BERG FARM & INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT LTD
42134 Hwy. 3
Wainfleet, ON L0S 1V0 Canada
Tel: 905-899-3405 Fax: 905-899-3507
Toll Free: 1-800-387-4713
e-mail: info@benberg.com www.benberg.com
Key Personnel: Dave Park.
Main Products/Services: Compact & portable bale breakers, soil mixers, flat fillers, and conveyors. Custom design & fabrication of equipment. Tractors, implements, construction equipment, utility vehicles, and trailers.
Main Products/Services: Mastering the Craft of Growing Media
Berger is a worldwide leader in the production of high-quality growing media for over 55 years. Our reputation for quality and consistency is our trademark.
Main Products/Services: BioSafe Systems’ vision is an unwavering commitment to improving environmental health for future generations by balancing the needs of our customers with the universal sustainability requirements of protecting the land, air and water. We will achieve our vision by innovative thinking, hard work and integrity.
Main Products/Services: Bouldin & Lawson a proven name in the Greenhouse and Nursery industry. With over 50 years of experience providing nurseries and greenhouses with quality automated equipment to improve productivity and efficiency.
Key Personnel: Chris Roelofsen, Agricultural Sales; Scott O’Brien, HVAC Sales. Main Products/Services: Circulating fans, exhaust fans, duct work fans, dampers, inline variable speed duct fans, ERVs/HRVs, blowers, grow lights, general lighting, carbon filters, controls
CONCEPT PLASTICS LTD.
27 Catharine Ave.
Brantford, ON L9G 4M5 Canada
Tel: 519-759-1900, 905-670-2124
Fax: 519-850-9835
e-mail: rnathan@koolatron.com
Key Personnel: Raghu Nathan, Richard Wood. Main Products/Services: Manufactures of Plastic trays, Inserts, Hanging Baskets, Pots and Nursery Pots.
CEEGREEN
5 Appleford Rd.
St. Catharines, ON L2P 3M1 Canada
Tel: 289-407-6420
e-mail: pete@ceegreen.ca
www.ceegreen.ca
Main Products/Services: Ceegreen is your guide to better greenhouse operations. We connect you to the technologies you need. Options in the areas of lighting, energy, automation, irrigation, disinfection and insulated panel construction.
Main Products/Services: World Leader in Retractable Roof: greenhouses, shadehouses, tunnels, orchard & field covers. Cravo’s automated Retractable Roof Production Systems (RRPS™) improve profitability for Fruits, Vegetables, Ornamentals, Floriculture and Pharmaceutical crops.
Main Products/Services: Darwin Perennials is a breeder/producer of high quality, vegetatively-propagated perennials sold through multiple distributors in North America. Plants are trialed and approved extensively for successful grower and garden performance.
DECLOET GREENHOUSE MFG. LTD.
1805 Charlotteville West Quarter Line Simcoe, ON N3Y 4J9 Canada
Key Personnel: Mark Pedersen, Sales Mgr. Main Products/Services: Priva computers and labour tracking systems, Greefa grading & sorting machines, Grow lights, Irrigation/Sterilization units, Electric picking carts, Custom built control panels.
Main Products/Services: Design and fabricate various types of high-quality greenhouses as well as replacement poly, shade systems, benches, flood tables as well as a large inventory of replacement components.
Main Products/Services: We are excited to offer products and accessories that are designed to enhance your chemical delivery systems. We have Dosatron water-powered chemical injectors, Etatron electric metering pumps, and accessories!
EVERGRO DIVISION, NUTRIEN SOLUTIONS
7430 Hopcott Rd.
Delta, BC V4G 1B6 Canada
Tel: 604-940-0290 Fax: 604-940-0258
Toll Free: 1-800-663-2552
e-mail: evergro@nutrien.com
www.NutrienAgSolutions.ca/specialty
Key Personnel: Stephen Spence | Bruce Vance. Main Products/Services: Supplier of full range of greenhouse and nursery fertilizers, POLYON, Sustane, organics, pest controls, IPM biologicals, PRO-MIX growing media, containers, ground covers, Poly Film, growing supplies and testing services.
Main Products/Services: DLI is a collective of great minds with decades of experience in the commercial horticultural industries. Our engineers have developed a highly efficient range of horticultural lighting products.
ELECTROMECANIQUE
4033 Victoria Ave.
Vineland, ON L0R 2C0 Canada
Tel: 905-562-7440
e-mail: emq@bellnet.ca
www.ElectroMecaniQue1.ca
Key Personnel: Daniel Gagnon, Owner/ Technician; Herman Ouwersloot, Office Mgr.
Main Products/Services: Repair and sales of electric motors, pumps, fans, gear boxes, controls, AC inverters, air purification and related products. Sprecher & Schuh industrial controls. Celebrating over 40 years of sales and service.
Key Personnel: Alex Brouwer, John Lelie, Kevin VanWingerden.
Main Products/Services: Enertec Engineering supplies heating systems, retrofits, system design & engineering services, project consulting and replacement parts. Our key focus is on energy efficiency and optimized performance.
Tel: 519-235-1431 Fax: 519 235-2852
Toll Free: 1-866-335-1431
e-mail: info@exacon.ca www.exaconinc.com
Key Personnel: see www.ExaconInc.com
Main Products/Services: Manufacturer and Distributor of ventilation equipment including exhaust fans, horizontal airflow fans (including GreenHouse and V-Flo Fans), environmental controls, evaporative cooling, misting fans and heating for agricultural, commercial and horticultural applications.
EZ-GRO
661 Justus Dr. Kingston, ON K7M 4H5 Canada
Tel: 613-384-8882
Toll Free: 1-877-544-4769
e-mail: info@ez-gro.com ez-gro.com
Main Products/Services: EZ-GRO specializes in the manufacturing and distribution of organic nutrients, CFIA registered biostimulants and plant growth regulators, and other specialty agricultural nutrients for fruits, vegetables, field, and greenhouse.
Main Products/Services: Fine Americas, Inc. focuses on the development, manufacture and marketing of PGRs and are a recognized center of excellence for PGR technology. Now Concise, their trusted PGR, is registered in Canada!
Key Personnel: Andrew Morse, Executive Director. Main Products/Services: Trade association to promote the strength and unity of the floriculture industry through government representation, communication, marketing, education and member services.
Main Products/Services: Your expert in horticultural lighting systems with the proven experience of its team, we help and guide customers to realize lighting projects by proposing optimal solutions through LED lighting.
DE GROOT LASER GRADING & EXCAVATING INC.
822 Line 2 Rd.
Niagara-on-the-Lake, ON L0S 1J0 Canada
Tel: 905-933-7810
e-mail: info@degrootlasergrading.com www.degrootlasergrading.com facebook.com/George de Groot Laser Grading & Excavating
Main Products/Services: All your grading and excavating works from start to finish! We will find the best solution for all grading work that needs to be done inside and outside your greenhouse.
GGS STRUCTURES INC.
3559 North Service Rd.
Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0 Canada Tel: 905-562-7341 Fax: 905-562-3011
Main Products/Services: GGS is a world-class designer, manufacturer, and installer of commercial greenhouse structures since 1979 and our greenhouses are built to last. Here are the ways GGS can design, manufacture, and install.
GLOBAL HORTICULTURAL INC.
4222 Sann Rd.
Beamsville, ON L0R 1B1 Canada Tel: 905-563-3211 Fax: 905-563-3191
Toll Free: 1-800-668-9567
e-mail: sales@globalhort.com www.globalhort.com
Main Products/Services: Horticultural supplies and equipment.
GROUPE HORTICOLE LEDOUX INC. (ALSO KNOW AS BOUTIQUEPRO.GHL INC.COM) 785 rue Paul Lussier
Main Products/Services: Division of Harnois Industries, an established leader in the design and manufacturing of innovative steel structures that meet the financial and operation needs of its clients.
HARSTER GREENHOUSES INC.
250 Hwy. 8
Dundas, ON L9H 5E1 Canada
Tel: 905-628-2430 Fax: 905-628-4818
e-mail: sales@harster.com www.harster.com
Main Products/Services: Potted plant wholesaler specializing in miniature varieties and seasonal gardens. Exotic plants for the home and office with an emphasis on seasonal consumer trends.
HIGH Q GREENHOUSES INC.
55431 Range Road 262
Sturgeon County, AB T8R 0W7 Canada Tel: 780-939-7490 Fax: 780-939-2010
Main Products/Services: Full selection of young plants & finished product. Root & Sell for Selecta First Class including Trixi Combo’s. Western Canadian distributor for “Nature’s Source Plant Food”, revolutionizing growth & plant performance.
HOOGENDOORN AMERICA INC.
4890 Victoria Ave. N.
Vineland, ON L0R 2E0 Canada
Tel: 905-562-0800
e-mail: info@hoogendoorn.ca www.hoogendoorn.ca
Main Products/Services: Hoogendoorn delivers sustainable automation solutions that seamlessly coordinate all processes and systems in your horticultural organization. Hoogendoorn helps its clients to minimize costs and CO2 emissions and to maximize crop profitability.
Key Personnel: Randy Hartog, Heather Allen, Christine Jakubowicz.
Main Products/Services: Hydrogardens is a full-line supplier of products including single element & blended fertilizers, peat moss, roof poly, ground covers, seeds, containers, irrigation systems, growing supplies, pesticides, biologicals.
Main Products/Services: Since 1993, Innoquest, Inc. has been creating innovative SpotOn® tools for weather monitoring and soil diagnostic work to fulfill the needs of professionals in the agricultural, irrigation and greenhouse industries.
ITC HORTICULTURE
3030 Corporate Grove Drive
Hudsonville, MI 49426 USA
Tel: 616-396-1355
e-mail: sales@itc-us.com itc-us.com
www.facebook.com/ITCIncorporated
Key Personnel: Brad Beers, Michelle Weatherhead.
Main Products/Services: ITC Horticulture is a brand of ITC Incorporated that manufacturers specialized LED lighting solutions for the greenhouse and controlled environment growers. We follow the science to provide optimal growing solutions.
JELITTO PERENNIAL SEEDS
125 Chenoweth Lane, Suite 301 Louisville, KY 40207 USA
Main Products/Services: Jelitto offers quality seed of around 4,000 varieties of perennials, ornamental grasses, and herbs, with a growing list of organic seeds. Breeding and production is under our care.
Main Products/Services: Year round grower of Plugs and Cuttings of annuals, perennials, herbs, vegetables, grasses, succulents and garden mums. Retail ready spring annuals and hanging baskets, mums and holiday poinsettias and cyclamen.
JVK P.O. Box 910, 1894 Seventh St. St. Catharines, ON L2R 6Z4 Canada Tel: 905-641-5599 Fax: 905-684-6260
Toll Free: 1-800-665-1642
e-mail: info@jvk.net www.jvk.net
Main Products/Services: Seeds, plants, labels, supplies. Soilless media, coir product, Poppelmann, TO Plastics, Landmark, Everris, Syngenta, Kientzler, Suntory, Greenfuse, Vivero, Proven Winners, Rakers, Walters, Benary, Pan American, Mastertag and Oasis products.
Main Products/Services: Kam’s Growers Supply offers a complete line of biological agents (bios), crop protection products, PGRs and plant nutrition products (water soluble fertilizer, straights, micros, organic, slow release fertilizer) for the greenhouse floriculture, greenhouse vegetable, cannabis and nursery markets.
KAM’S GROWERS SUPPLY INC.
- KINGSVILLE LOCATION
39 South Talbot Rd.
Cottam (Kingsville), ON N0R 1B0 Canada
Tel: 519-839-4778 Fax: 519-839-5931
e-mail: kvorders@kams.ca www.kams.ca
www.facebook.com/kamsgrowers
Key Personnel: Kameron Fordyce.
KOOLJET REFRIGERATION
150 Adams Blvd.
Brantford, ON N3S 7V2 Canada
Tel: 519-752-2424 Fax: 519-752-4040
Toll Free: 1-866-748-7786
e-mail: info@kooljet.com www.kooljet.com
Key Personnel: J.D. Wasir, P. Eng.
Main Products/Services: Custom Built Designs - Greenhouse and processing/packing areas. Domestic and International Markets. One-piece, portable skid-mount systems, hydro-coolers, water and glycol process chillers, blast freezers, and refrigerated dehumidifiers.
L & R SHELTERS INC.
461 Highway 5 Dundas, ON L9H 5E2 Canada
Tel: 905-627-1101 Fax: 905-627-1109
Toll Free: 1-866-216-4113
e-mail: info@LRShelters.ca www.lrshelters.ca
www.facebook/L & R Shelters Inc
Main Products/Services: Manufacturers of freestanding shelter and heavy-duty greenhouse kits 17 ft to 30 ft wide at any length. Engineered drawings provided. “RT” Shelters exceed snowloads of 50 psf.
Main Products/Services: The best eco-friendly technology advanced PLU labeling systems available. Our labels and waste liners are both biodegradable and environmentally safe-PAPER. MOTOHEAD® fruit labeling equipment and labels are backed by a lifetime warranty including local service and support. Configurations available for multi-lane graders, Bulk labeling and tray labeling. Other products include our HL-2 Lithium Cordless hand labelers.
Main Products/Services: For over than 90 years, Lambert Peat Moss has been acknowledged as a leader in sphagnum peat moss industry. We offer numerous lines of professional growing mixes and retail potting mixes.
Main Products/Services: Suppliers of high-pressure fog systems for cooling, humidification and odor control. Quality pumps with unique safety and control features, hand-adjustable nozzles lines, includes design and support. 35+ Years in Horticulture.
MILLENNIUMSOILS COIR
111 Fourth Ave., Suite 371 St. Catharines, ON L2S 3P5 Canada
Key Personnel: Raj Rajakumar, Dave Wilding, Carl Mendonca, Jorge Escobar, Ken Campbell. Main Products/Services: Suppliers of high-quality Coconut Coir for all types of plants. Growbags, Bulk Coir, Coconut Chips and many other items, custom and standard. Over 30 years of supplying Horticultural industry.
Main Products/Services: We manufacture a wide variety of shapes, sizes and strengths of greenhouses. They can be either plastic or tarp covered and either ground mounted or elevated. North America wide shipping.
Key Personnel: John C Robertson, Marketing & Sales/ Owner, Susan Cavey, Managing Director/ Owner, Stacey Hickman, Entomologist - Greenhouses/Research; Shahram Sharififar, Entomologist - Nematodes/Research. Main Products/Services: NIC offers Canadian Beneficial Nematodes and Beneficial Insects. Distributor for Applied Bionomics & offers a full array of Beneficial Insects. NIC is the ONLY Canadian producer of nematodes offering exclusive strains!
NIAGARA GREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT
27 Red Haven Dr.
St. Davids, ON L0S 1P0 Canada
Tel: 905-329-9409 Fax: 905-397-8534
e-mail: equipmeniagara@gmail.com
www.niagaragreenhouseequipment.com
facebook: Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Key Personnel: Randy Lagerwerf.
Main Products/Services: A division of RL Distributing Inc., is a supplier of new and used equipment specific to the greenhouse industry. Low cost solutions provider of NEW and USED Equipment.
Main Products/Services: Every Niagrow greenhouse heating system is completely adjusted to make sure you have the right amount of heat in the location you need it, when you need it.
NORSECO
2914 Curé-Labelle Blvd.
Laval, QC H7P 5R9 Canada
Tel: 514-332-2275 Fax: 450-682-4959
Toll Free: 1-800-561-9693
e-mail: info@norseco.com www.norseco.com
Main Products/Services: Founded in 1928, NORSECO is one of the most important vegetable, flower seed, young plants and plugs distributors in Canada. We commercialize top quality and innovative varieties.
Key Personnel: Paul & Jeff Scharringa. Main Products/Services: Growers of quality ornamental grasses in plugs/liners in PL 72, PL 40 & Pl50 sizes and finished in 1L, 15cm & 2 gal potted.
Main Products/Services: OASIS® Grower Solutions created the first foam media nearly 50 years ago. Our growing media is designed for all your tissue culture and young plant cuttings in hydroponics, ornamentals and vegetative.
OMNI STRUCTURES INTERNATIONAL
18 Seapark Drive, Unit 4
St. Catharines, ON L2M 6S6 Canada
Tel: 905-687-9011
Toll Free: 1-800-991-0600
e-mail: info@omnicanada.com
www.omnicanada.com
Main Products/Services: Manufacturers of Cold Frames, Freestanding Greenhouses and Tensioned Covered Utility Structures. Stocking supplier of poly film, polycarbonate panels and fastening tracks. Shipping available across Canada and the United States.
OREON
Lorentzlaan 6
IJsselstein, 3401MX The Netherlands
Tel: +31(0)30-7600660
e-mail: info@oreon-led.com www.oreon-led.com
twitter.com/Oreon_led
Key Personnel: Sales Director: Jan Mol. Sales Manager North America: Arnold de Kievit.
Main Products/Services: Oreon was the first to introduce LED-lighting into greenhouses. The Oreon Grow Lights have a unique cooling technology which results in energy savings and a full controllable growing environment.
Main Products/Services: Palace Perennials provides 9cm, #1trade and 2 gallon perennials, annuals, vines, clematis, water plants, herbs, tropicals and rack programs with POP for the Ontario garden centers and landscapers.
Main Products/Services: Growers and distributors rely on PanAmerican Seed for the newest and best seed products in the industry. Grow and sell every product with confidence. The industry’s best product quality and availability. Speedy shipping straight to your door. Friendly, on-the-spot customer service, with cutting edge technical advice. Call us today!
PAUL BOERS MANUFACTURING/PRINS GREENHOUSES
3500 South Service Rd. Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0 Canada Tel: 905-562-4411 Fax: 905-562-5533
Key Personnel: Rudy Ouwersloot - Project Sales, Arjen van Eekelen - Project Manager. Main Products/Services: Paul Boers Manufacturing and Prins Greenhouses supplies complete greenhouse systems. Choose from the Venlo, Gutter Connect, Freestanding and Coldframe Structures, Benches, Irrigation, Environment controls, Heating, Shade systems and Lighting.
PLANT PRODUCTS INC.
50 Hazelton St. Leamington, ON N8H 3W1 Canada Tel: 519-326-9037
Key Personnel: Jerry Weber - Sales Manager Ancaster; Derek Renaud- Sales Manager Leamington; Alain Cecyre - Sales Manager Laval. Main Products/Services: Fertilizers (CRF, Water Soluble, Selectus Custom Fertilizer), Pest Control (Biological and Conventional), Syngenta Greenhouse Vegetable Seeds and other consumable goods. Locations: Leamington, ON; Ancaster, ON; Laval, QC and Westland, MI.
PLANTECH CONTROL SYSTEMS INC.
3466 South Service Rd. Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0 Canada Tel: 905-562-7345 e-mail: plantech@plantech.ca www.plantech.ca
Key Personnel: Richard Hiebendaal, Robert Brinkert.
Main Products/Services: CSA approved electrical control panels, electrical installation, electrical service, greenhouse environmental controls, CO2 burner parts, HAF fans, HID lighting, motors and motor controls, spray robots, as well as sorting and packing equipment.
PLANTI INC.
No. 1-716, Zheng Shang Mu Hua Square Zhengzhou, 450000 China Tel: +86 37186593971 e-mail: info@plantiinc.com www.plantiinc.com www.facebook.com/plantiinc twitter.com/PlantiInc
Key Personnel: Director. Michael Lee; Sales North America. Chris Lee.
Main Products/Services: A greenhouse glass and growing light company, we deliver more light!!! Our product covers diffuse glass, AR glass, clear glass, high-performance HPS (high-pressure sodium) and also LED.
Horticulture PRO-MIX growing media products are enhanced with high-performance active ingredients and are considered a reference in the market, as they represent innovative and unique solutions.
Main Products/Services: Southern Irrigation is Canada’s largest Netafim Dealer. Our state-ofthe-art assembly machinery allows us to supply greenhouse drip systems with shorter delivery times and less cost than ever before.
Main Products/Services: Priva develops hardware, software and services in the field of climate control, energy saving, labour management and the optimal reuse of water in the horticulture industry.
PROVIDE AGRO
4825 Union Rd.
Beamsville, ON L0R 1B4 Canada
Tel: 905-563-8261 Fax: 905-563-7882
Toll Free: 1-800-263-1287
e-mail: info@provideag.ca www.provideag.ca
Main Products/Services: Custom built packhouse solutions featuring Greefa sorting technologies.
Main Products/Services: With its Fafard product line, Scotts offers greenhouse and nursery growers an extensive selection of highperformance professional growing mixes that satisfy specific requirements of their different crops.
Main Products/Services: Stokes is committed to assisting all customers, from the large commercial grower to the beginner grower, by supplying the highest quality seed and cuttings, along with the know-how to support success.
SYLVAR TECHNOLOGIES INC.
1350 Regent St.
Fredericton, NB E3C 2G6 Canada
Tel: 506-444-5690
e-mail: info@sylvar.ca www.sylvar.ca
Key Personnel: Stefan Richard - Managing Director, Colin Smith - Agronomist, Laura Forbes –Regulatory.
Main Products/Services: Manufacturer, Distributor of Biological Solutions for insects, disease and plant health. Member of Andermatt Global Group of companies. Specializing in Bio Insecticides that are safe on beneficials while targeting key pests.
TAKS HANDLING SYSTEMS B.V.
Munnikenheiweg 58
Etten-Leur, 4879 NG Netherlands
Tel: 0031 76 524 5200 Fax: 0031 76 5229902
e-mail: sales@taks.nl www.taks.nl
Taks Handling Systems
@systemstaks
Main Products/Services: Taks Handling Systems is one of the leading manufacturers of harvest logistic solutions for greenhouse horticulture. All high-grade harvest processing and packing systems for internal transport, sorting, packing, palletising, tracking and tracing. Service Department Canada: 419 Seacliff Drive East, Leamington, Ontario N8H 3V7.
Key Personnel: Terry Talsma, Canada Business Manager.
Main Products/Services: Syngenta Flowers North America is one of the largest wholesale breeders of hybrid flower seed and cuttings in the world – developing and producing flower seeds and cuttings for growers internationally.
TERIS
3180, Montee St-Aubin
Laval, QC H7L 3H8 Canada
Tel: 1-888-622-2710 Fax: 1-888-749-8677
e-mail: info@teris.co www.teris.co
Key Personnel: Andre Bigras, Christian Piche, Marie Nadeau, Suzanne Kerr, Sylvie Perrier. Main Products/Services: TERIS is a provider of procurement services for horticultural greenhouse & nursery producers, garden centers, municipalities, landscapers and pest control. 4 warehouses in Laval, Quebec, St-Remi and Hamilton (ON).
Main Products/Services: TerraLink Horticulture 100% Canadian owned. For 40+ years has supplied W. Canadian professional greenhouse vegetable, floral, cannabis LP’s and nursery growers with nutrients, crop protection products, media, seeds and more.
Main Products/Services: Triple Green Products’ lineup of scalable high-heat output furnaces will keep your heating costs low compared to current energy sources.
UPL
138 Dovercliffe Rd.
Guelph, ON N1G 3A6 Canada
Toll Free: 1-866-761-9397
Main Products/Services: UPL AgroSolutions
Canada offers Canadian Greenhouse growers trusted and effective products including DECREE® Fungicide, SHUTTLE® Miticide, FLORAMITE® Miticide, and B-NINE® PGR.
Main Products/Services: We are MORE than just bulbs! We offer complete lists of: Spring and Summer Flowering Bulbs, Perennials, Shrubs, Vines, Fruits and Vegetables. We are the Canadian Supplier of David Austin and Weeks Roses.
Key Personnel: Annick Lafrance (Territory Manager, Quebec); Jacqueline Denton (Technical Services Veterinarian Manager, Ontario); Dave Van Walleghem (Biosecurity Technician, Western Canada).
Main Products/Services: Vétoquinol is dedicated to helping greenhouse growers achieve optimum performance in biosecurity. Combined with technical support, our line of products includes cleaners & disinfectants (Virkon-Greenhouse, Biofoam, Biosolve-Plus, Biosentry-904), insecticides and rodenticides.
Main Products/Services: Shipping carts, shipping racks, grower racks, grower benches, display racks and shopping carts. Designs and sizes are customized to buyers’ needs. Hot dip galvanized or powder coated. Manufactured in Vietnam. Factory-direct.
VRE SYSTEMS
7367 Young St., RR 1
Grassie, ON L0R 1M0 Canada
Tel: 905-945-8863 Fax: 905-945-9294
Toll Free: 1-800-499-4873
e-mail: info@vresystems.com www.vresystems.com
@VRESystems
Main Products/Services: Shade, light deprivation and blackout curtain systems for greenhouses. Products for cannabis production. Customer service carts, merchandisers, structures for retail garden centres.
WATER ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
3375 North Service Rd., #A7
Burlington, ON L7N 3G2 Canada
Tel: 905-336-7666 Fax: 905-336-5714
Toll Free: 1-800-561-5235
e-mail: info@waterentech.com
www.waterentech.com
Key Personnel: Don Hunter.
Main Products/Services: Water purification equipment and water treatment chemicals, including reverse osmosis, filtration, ion exchange, UV, chemical feed pumps & controllers, disinfectants and boiler, cooling & potable water programs.
WELLMASTER PIPE AND SUPPLY INC.
1494 Bell Mill Side Rd.
Tillsonburg, ON N4G 4J1 Canada
Tel: 519-688-0500 Fax: 519-688-0563
Toll Free: 1-800-387-9355
e-mail: dwhite@wellmaster.ca
www.wellmaster.ca
www.facebook.com/wellmaster1987 @wellmaster1987
Key Personnel: Doug White, Jeff Hanson, Pedro Friesen, Pat Abram, Ena Fitzgerald, Terry Platteeuw, Mike Brindley.
Main Products/Services: Benches(Rectangular, Square, Hexagon, Multiple Deck)
Carts(Hook-in, Side Sliding, Folding, Nesting/ Shopping, Rhino, Du-All Barrow, 360 Degree), Racks(Display, Multiple level, Custom Designed), Wagons(4-Wheel Steer Tracking, Multiple Deck, Navigator), Trailers and Water Trucks.
WESTBROOK GREENHOUSE SYSTEMS
4670 South Service Rd.
Beamsville, ON L0R 1B1 Canada
Tel: 289-432-1199 Fax: 905-563-9304
Toll Free: 1-855-945-0806
www.westbrooksystems.com
Key Personnel: Sales Staff: Earl Reinink, Ontario; Gord Van Egmond, USA; Les Van Egmond, Rest of Canada.
Main Products/Services: Westbrook Greenhouse Systems offers an extensive selection of greenhouse structures and their related products, including heating and benches, customized to the unique needs of each grower.
WESTGROW BIOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS INC.
PO Box 769
Fort Langley, BC V1M 2S2 Canada
Tel: 604-888-5026 Fax: 604-888-5046
e-mail: bob@westgrowbios.ca www.thebuglady.ca
The Bug Lady Instagram @ thebugladywgb
Key Personnel: Bob Macadam.
Main Products/Services: Distributor of biological controls including insects, mites, and nematodes. Main producer is Applied Bionomics (insects and mites), also BASF (formerly Becker Underwood - nematodes).
WESTLAND GREENHOUSE SOLUTIONS INC.
4301 Jordan Rd.
Jordan Station, ON L0R 1S0 Canada
Tel: 905-685-0578 Fax: 905-685-0621
Toll Free: 1-877-384-1242
e-mail: sales@westlandgs.com www.westlandgs.com
Main Products/Services: We offer advice to create your ideal greenhouse. We manufacture and build greenhouses, and offer shade and blackout systems, benches and greenhouse supplies.
WFS LTD.
213 Talbot St. W.
Leamington, ON N8H 1N8 Canada
Toll Free: 1-800-265-7408
wfsltd.com
Key Personnel: Sean Britton, Tom Hyatt.
Main Products/Services: WFS Ltd. is a value-added distribution company focusing on markets for MRO (Maintenance, Repair and Operations) products, health, safety products and plumbing. As these markets are extremely diverse and highly complex, many opportunities exist for WFS to provide innovative solutions to customer needs.
Key Personnel: Rob Bouwers, Sales ManagerCanadian Sales / Chad Geerlinks, Landscape & In-House Sales - Michigan West / Greg Ross, South Western Ontario / Dave Wiersma, North East U.S. & Niagara Region / Michael Della Valle, Eastern CAN, Eastern ON & QC / Kevin Van Geest, GTA.
Beamsville, ON L0R 1B4 Canada Tel: 905-563-9606 Fax: 905-563-9238
Toll Free: 1-800-932-9811
e-mail: info@zwartsystems.ca
www.zwartsystems.ca
Key Personnel: Andrew Van Geest, Rob Vandersteen, Barry Alders.
Main Products/Services: Specializing in the Design, Supply, Install and Service of Custom Irrigation Systems. Greenhouse Supplies. Greenhouse Internal Logistic Systems - Moving Tables, Conveyor Belts, Design.
EQUIPMENT, SUPPLIES & SERVICES
AIR CONDITIONING
Enertec Engineering
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
ALARM SYSTEMS
Climatrol Solutions Ltd.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
ASSOCIATIONS/TRADE SHOWS
BioSafe Systems
Flowers Canada Growers Inc.
BACTERICIDES
AEF Global Inc.
BioWorks, Inc.
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
UPL
Vétoquinol N.-A. Inc.
Water Energy Technologies
BAGS, PLASTIC
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
TERIS
WFS Ltd.
BAMBOO
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Hydrogardens
JVK
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
BASKETS, HANGING
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Concept Plastics Ltd.
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Hydrogardens
JVK Plant Products Inc.
TERIS
Viro Global Trade Inc.
BENCHES
DeCloet Greenhouse Mfg. Ltd.
GGS Structures Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Paul Boers Manufacturing/ Prins Greenhouses
Viro Global Trade Inc.
VRE Systems
Wellmaster Pipe and Supply Inc.
Westbrook Greenhouse Systems
Westland Greenhouse Solutions Inc.
WFS Ltd.
Zwart Systems
BIOLOGICAL CONTROLS
Anatis Bioprotection
BioWorks, Inc.
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
Natural Insect Control
Plant Products Inc.
Premier Tech Horticulture
Sylvar Technologies Inc.
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
UPL
WestGrow Biological Solutions Inc.
BOILERS
Enertec Engineering
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Triple Green Products
Westbrook Greenhouse Systems
WFS Ltd.
BOOKS
Natural Insect Control
BREEDING/PATENTS
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
BUDDING & GRAFTING SUPPLIES
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
BUNK HOUSE SUPPLIES
BeddingSuperstore.comBunk House
WFS Ltd.
BURLAP
Hydrogardens
TERIS
WFS Ltd.
BURNERS
Enertec Engineering
Global Horticultural Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
WFS Ltd.
CARBON DIOXIDE
Enertec Engineering
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
CARE TAGS
A-ROO Company LLC
Bellwyck / horticolor
Global Horticultural Inc.
JVK
WFS Ltd.
CARTS
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
GGS Structures Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Paul Boers Manufacturing/ Prins Greenhouses
Viro Global Trade Inc.
VRE Systems
Wellmaster Pipe and Supply Inc.
Westland Greenhouse Solutions Inc.
WFS Ltd.
CLIMATE CONTROL/ AUTOMATION
Argus Control Systems Ltd.
Ceegreen
Climatrol Solutions Ltd.
Cravo Equipment Ltd.
DeCloet Greenhouse Mfg. Ltd.
Exacon Inc.
GGS Structures Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Hoogendoorn America Inc.
Hydrogardens
JVK
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Paul Boers Manufacturing/ Prins Greenhouses
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
Priva
COMPOSTERS
Triple Green Products
WFS Ltd.
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Argus Control Systems Ltd.
Ceegreen
Climatrol Solutions Ltd.
Cravo Equipment Ltd.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Hoogendoorn America Inc.
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
Priva
CONSULTING
Accu-Label Inc.
Ag Energy Co-operative Ltd.
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Agrolux, a Hawthorne Gardening Company
Bellwyck / horticolor
Ceegreen
Enertec Engineering
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
Vétoquinol N.-A. Inc.
VRE Systems
CONTAINERS
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Concept Plastics Ltd.
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Hydrogardens
Jiffy Products
JVK
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
OASIS® Grower Solutions
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc. WFS Ltd.
CONVEYORS
Accu-Label Inc.
Ben Berg Farm & Industrial Equipment Ltd.
Bouldin & Lawson
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
Provide Agro
TAKS Handling Systems
B.V.
WFS Ltd.
Zwart Systems
COOLERS
Agrozone International Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Kooljet Refrigeration
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
COOLING EQUIPMENT
Agrozone International Inc.
Canarm Ltd.
DeCloet Greenhouse Mfg. Ltd.
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Enertec Engineering
Exacon Inc.
GGS Structures Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
JVK
Kooljet Refrigeration
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
MicroCool
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Zwart Systems
CURTAINS, BLACKOUT/ ENERGY
Ceegreen
Cravo Equipment Ltd.
GGS Structures Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Paul Boers Manufacturing/ Prins Greenhouses
VRE Systems
Westland Greenhouse Solutions Inc.
DISINFECTANTS
Agrozone International Inc.
BioSafe Systems
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
JVK
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Plant Products Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
Vétoquinol N.-A. Inc.
Water Energy Technologies
WFS Ltd.
EDUCATION/TRAINING
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Canadian Greenhouse Conference
Innoquest, Inc.
Priva
Vétoquinol N.-A. Inc.
ELECTRICAL SERVICES/ SUPPLIES
Ag Energy Co-operative Ltd.
Ceegreen
Climatrol Solutions Ltd.
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
Planti Inc.
FANS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Canarm Ltd.
Ceegreen
Climatrol Solutions Ltd.
DeCloet Greenhouse Mfg. Ltd.
ElectroMecaniQue
Exacon Inc.
GGS Structures Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Hydrogardens
JVK
Kooljet Refrigeration
Multi Shelter Solutions
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
TERIS
Westland Greenhouse Solutions Inc.
WFS Ltd.
Zwart Systems
FERTILIZER EQUIPMENT
Ben Berg Farm & Industrial Equipment Ltd.
Ceegreen
Climatrol Solutions Ltd.
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
JVK
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Plant Products Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
Zwart Systems
FERTILIZERS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
BioWorks, Inc.
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
EZ-GRO
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
JVK
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
Natural Insect Control
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Plant Products Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
FILM
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
GGS Structures Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Hydrogardens
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Omni Structures International
TERIS
Westland Greenhouse Solutions Inc.
WFS Ltd.
Zwart Systems
FLAT AND POT FILLING
EQUIPMENT
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Ben Berg Farm & Industrial Equipment Ltd.
Bouldin & Lawson
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Concept Plastics Ltd.
JVK
OASIS® Grower Solutions
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
WFS Ltd.
FLOOD FLOORS
George de Groot Laser Grading & Excavating Inc.
Niagrow Systems Ltd. Southern Irrigation
FOGGERS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
MicroCool
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
TERIS
Vétoquinol N.-A. Inc.
FUELS/BIOMASS
Ag Energy Co-operative Ltd.
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Triple Green Products
FUMIGANTS
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
FUNGICIDES
AEF Global Inc.
Belchim Crop Protection Canada
BioSafe Systems
BioWorks, Inc.
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
JVK
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
Plant Products Inc.
Sylvar Technologies Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
UPL
Vétoquinol N.-A. Inc.
GARDEN CENTRE
SUPPLIES
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
ASB Greenworld Ltd.
GGS Structures Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Hydrogardens
Innoquest, Inc.
JVK
Lambert Peat Moss
Natural Insect Control
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
OASIS® Grower Solutions
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
VRE Systems
Wellmaster Pipe and Supply Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux
Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
WFS Ltd.
GLASS
GGS Structures Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Planti Inc.
GLAZING & PAINTING
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Plant Products Inc.
Plazit Polygal Group
WFS Ltd.
GLAZING CEMENT
WFS Ltd.
GRADING & SORTING MACHINES
Climatrol Solutions Ltd.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
Provide Agro
GREENHOUSE COVERINGS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Cravo Equipment Ltd.
DeCloet Greenhouse Mfg. Ltd.
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
GGS Structures Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Hydrogardens
JVK
L & R Shelters Inc.
Multi Shelter Solutions
Omni Structures
International
Paul Boers Manufacturing/ Prins Greenhouses
Planti Inc.
Plazit Polygal Group
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
Westland Greenhouse Solutions Inc.
GREENHOUSE STRUCTURES
Cravo Equipment Ltd.
DeCloet Greenhouse Mfg. Ltd.
George de Groot Laser
Grading & Excavating Inc.
GGS Structures Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Hoogendoorn America Inc.
JVK
L & R Shelters Inc.
Multi Shelter Solutions
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Westland Greenhouse Solutions Inc.
GREENHOUSES, HOBBY
Ben Berg Farm & Industrial Equipment Ltd.
BioSafe Systems
Global Horticultural Inc.
Innoquest, Inc.
L & R Shelters Inc.
Multi Shelter Solutions
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Omni Structures
International
GROWTH ENHANCERS
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
EZ-GRO
Plant Products Inc.
Premier Tech Horticulture
Sylvar Technologies Inc.
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
GROWTH REGULATORS
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
EZ-GRO
Fine Americas
Global Horticultural Inc.
Innoquest, Inc.
JVK
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
Plant Products Inc.
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
UPL
HEAT PUMPS, GROUND WATER
ElectroMecaniQue
Enertec Engineering
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
HEAT, BOTTOM
Enertec Engineering
Global Horticultural Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Paul Boers Manufacturing/ Prins Greenhouses
WFS Ltd.
HEATING EQUIPMENT
Enertec Engineering
Exacon Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Paul Boers Manufacturing/ Prins Greenhouses
Triple Green Products
Westbrook Greenhouse Systems
Westland Greenhouse Solutions Inc.
WFS Ltd.
Evergro Division, Nutrien
Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
JVK
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
Natural Insect Control
Plant Products Inc.
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
UPL
HOSE REELS
Global Horticultural Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Southern Irrigation
WFS Ltd.
HUMIDIFICATION EQUIPMENT
Exacon Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
MicroCool
Zwart Systems
HYDRAULIC EQUIPMENT/SERVICE
Ben Berg Farm & Industrial Equipment Ltd.
HYDROPONIC EQUIPMENT/SUPPLIES
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Agrozone International Inc.
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Innoquest, Inc.
Jiffy Products
Meteor Systems
Millenniumsoils Coir
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Southern Irrigation
TERIS
Zwart Systems
INJECTORS
Ceegreen
Climatrol Solutions Ltd.
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
JVK
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Plant Products Inc.
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
Southern Irrigation
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
Zwart Systems
INSECT CONTROL
AEF Global Inc.
Anatis Bioprotection
Belchim Crop Protection Canada
Omni Structures
WFS Ltd.
GENERATORS
FLATS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Ben Berg Farm & Industrial Equipment Ltd.
International
Paul Boers Manufacturing/ Prins Greenhouses
Westbrook Greenhouse Systems
HERBICIDES
Belchim Crop Protection Canada
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
JVK
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
Natural Insect Control
Plant Products Inc.
Sylvar Technologies Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
UPL
Vétoquinol N.-A. Inc.
WestGrow Biological Solutions Inc.
Westland Greenhouse Solutions Inc.
INSERTS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Concept Plastics Ltd.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
WFS Ltd.
INSULATION
Ceegreen
Enertec Engineering
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
WFS Ltd.
INSURANCE
HUB International Ontario Limited
Meester Insurance Centre
o/b PVV Insurance Centre Ltd.
IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT/SYSTEMS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Argus Control Systems Ltd.
BioSafe Systems
Ceegreen
Climatrol Solutions Ltd.
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Hydrogardens
JVK
Meteor Systems
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Paul Boers Manufacturing/ Prins Greenhouses
Priva
Southern Irrigation
TERIS
WFS Ltd.
Zwart Systems
LABELING EQUIPMENT
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Accu-Label Inc.
LABELPAC Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Provide Agro
WFS Ltd.
LABELS
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
LABELPAC Inc.
TERIS
WFS Ltd.
LABORATORY SERVICES
A & L Canada Laboratories Inc.
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
LABORATORY TESTING/ KITS
A & L Canada Laboratories Inc.
Water Energy Technologies
LABOUR MANAGEMENT
Hoogendoorn America Inc.
Priva
LANDSCAPE FABRICS
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Hydrogardens
Plant Products Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
WFS Ltd.
LIFTGATES AND TRUCK EQUIPMENT
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
LIGHTING
Agrolux, a Hawthorne Gardening Company
Canarm Ltd.
Climatrol Solutions Ltd.
Dutch Lighting Innovations
Futur Vert
GGS Structures Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Hydrogardens
Innoquest, Inc.
ITC Horticulture
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Oreon
Paul Boers Manufacturing/ Prins Greenhouses
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
TERIS
WFS Ltd.
MARKERS, BEDDING PLANT
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
JVK
MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT
Ben Berg Farm & Industrial Equipment Ltd.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
TAKS Handling Systems
Wellmaster Pipe and Supply Inc.
WFS Ltd.
Zwart Systems
MERCHANDISING/ RETAIL
VRE Systems
METERS, NUTRIENT
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Innoquest, Inc.
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Plant Products Inc.
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
WFS Ltd.
Zwart Systems
MISTING EQUIPMENT
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Meteor Systems
MicroCool
Zwart Systems
MONITORS
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Innoquest, Inc.
Water Energy Technologies
MOTORS
Enertec Engineering
GGS Structures Inc.
WFS Ltd.
PACKAGING EQUIPMENT
Accu-Label Inc.
Bouldin & Lawson
Climatrol Solutions Ltd.
Global Horticultural Inc.
LABELPAC Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
Provide Agro
TAKS Handling Systems
B.V.
WFS Ltd.
PACKAGING SUPPLIES
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Accu-Label Inc.
Concept Plastics Ltd.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
WFS Ltd.
PAINTS, GREENHOUSE
Enertec Engineering
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
JVK
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
WFS Ltd.
PANELS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Argus Control Systems Ltd.
DeCloet Greenhouse Mfg. Ltd.
JVK
Omni Structures International
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
Plazit Polygal Group
WFS Ltd.
PEAT MOSS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
ASB Greenworld Ltd.
Berger
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Hydrogardens
Jiffy Products
JVK
Lambert Peat Moss
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Plant Products Inc.
Premier Tech Horticulture
Scotts Canada Ltd.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
PERLITE
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
ASB Greenworld Ltd.
Berger
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Hydrogardens
JVK
Lambert Peat Moss
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Plant Products Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
PEST CONTROLS
Anatis Bioprotection
Bayer Environmental Science
BioSafe Systems
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Hydrogardens
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
Natural Insect Control
Plant Products Inc.
Sylvar Technologies Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
UPL
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Vétoquinol N.-A. Inc.
PESTICIDE APPLICATION
Dosatron/Dilution
Solutions
Hydrogardens
Plant Products Inc.
TERIS
PESTICIDES
AEF Global Inc.
Bayer Environmental Science
Belchim Crop Protection Canada
BioSafe Systems
BioWorks, Inc.
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Hydrogardens
JVK
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
Plant Products Inc.
Sylvar Technologies Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
UPL
PIPE
Armtec
Enertec Engineering
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Wellmaster Pipe and Supply Inc.
WFS Ltd.
PLANT SLEEVES
A-ROO Company LLC
Bellwyck / horticolor
Global Horticultural Inc.
JVK
OASIS® Grower Solutions
TERIS
PLASTICS, GREENHOUSE
A-ROO Company LLC
DeCloet Greenhouse Mfg. Ltd.
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
GGS Structures Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
JVK
Omni Structures
International
Plazit Polygal Group
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
Westland Greenhouse Solutions Inc.
WFS Ltd.
PLUG GROWING EQUIPMENT
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Accu-Label Inc.
Bellwyck / horticolor
Global Horticultural Inc.
JVK
B.V.
VRE Systems
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Plant Products Inc.
WestGrow Biological Solutions Inc.
JVK
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
OASIS® Grower Solutions
POT COVERS
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Bellwyck / horticolor
Concept Plastics Ltd.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Hydrogardens
JVK
Millenniumsoils Coir
TERIS
POTS
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Concept Plastics Ltd.
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Hydrogardens
Jiffy Products
JVK
Millenniumsoils Coir
Plant Products Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
POTTING MACHINES
Bouldin & Lawson
Global Horticultural Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
PRESERVATIVES
Global Horticultural Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
PROPAGATION MEDIA/ SUPPLIES
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
ASB Greenworld Ltd.
Berger
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Hydrogardens
JVK
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Plant Products Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
PUMPS
Agrozone International Inc.
Climatrol Solutions Ltd.
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
ElectroMecaniQue
Enertec Engineering
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Southern Irrigation
Water Energy Technologies
Wellmaster Pipe and Supply Inc.
WFS Ltd.
Zwart Systems
REFRIGERATION & EQUIPMENT
Kooljet Refrigeration
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
ROCKWOOL
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
ROOTING PRODUCTS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
EZ-GRO
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Jiffy Products
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Sylvar Technologies Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
SAFETY EQUIPMENT
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
WFS Ltd.
SEEDERS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Bouldin & Lawson
Global Horticultural Inc.
Hydrogardens
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
TERIS
SHADING MATERIAL/ SYSTEMS
Ceegreen
Cravo Equipment Ltd.
DeCloet Greenhouse Mfg. Ltd.
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
GGS Structures Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
JVK
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
Paul Boers Manufacturing/ Prins Greenhouses
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
VRE Systems
Westland Greenhouse Solutions Inc.
SHREDDERS
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
SOIL
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
ASB Greenworld Ltd.
Berger
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Hydrogardens
Jiffy Products
JVK
Lambert Peat Moss
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Premier Tech Horticulture
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
SOIL AMENDMENTS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
ASB Greenworld Ltd.
Berger
EZ-GRO
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Hydrogardens
JVK
Lambert Peat Moss
Millenniumsoils Coir
Natural Insect Control
Plant Products Inc.
Premier Tech Horticulture
Sylvar Technologies Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
SOIL MIXERS
Ben Berg Farm & Industrial Equipment Ltd.
Bouldin & Lawson
JVK
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
TERIS
SOIL STERILIZATION
EQUIPMENT
Global Horticultural Inc.
JVK
SOIL TEST EQUIPMENT
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
JVK
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
SOILLESS MIXES
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
ASB Greenworld Ltd.
Berger
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Jiffy Products
JVK
Lambert Peat Moss
Millenniumsoils Coir
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Plant Products Inc.
Scotts Canada Ltd.
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
SPRAYING EQUIPMENT
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Hydrogardens
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
WFS Ltd.
SPRINKLERS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Hydrogardens
Southern Irrigation
TERIS
VRE Systems
WFS Ltd.
Zwart Systems
STAPLING MACHINES
Global Horticultural Inc.
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
WFS Ltd.
STICKING MACHINES
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Zwart Systems
SUPPORTS, PLANT
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
JVK
Meteor Systems
Plant Products Inc.
THERMOMETERS
Enertec Engineering
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Hydrogardens
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Plant Products Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
WFS Ltd.
THERMOSTATS
Canarm Ltd.
ElectroMecaniQue
Enertec Engineering
Exacon Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Hydrogardens
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
TERIS
WFS Ltd.
TIMERS
Enertec Engineering
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Hydrogardens
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
TERIS
WFS Ltd.
TOOLS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Hydrogardens
Innoquest, Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
Wellmaster Pipe and Supply Inc.
WFS Ltd.
TRACTORS
Ben Berg Farm & Industrial Equipment Ltd.
TRAILERS
Ben Berg Farm & Industrial Equipment Ltd.
Bouldin & Lawson
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Wellmaster Pipe and Supply Inc.
TRANSPLANTING SYSTEMS
Bouldin & Lawson
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
TRANSPORT AND SHIPPING SYSTEMS
A-ROO Company LLC
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
TAKS Handling Systems
B.V.
Wellmaster Pipe and Supply Inc.
Zwart Systems
TRAYS
A-ROO Company LLC
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Concept Plastics Ltd.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Hydrogardens
JVK
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Plant Products Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
WFS Ltd.
TUBING
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Armtec
DeCloet Greenhouse Mfg. Ltd.
Enertec Engineering
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Hydrogardens
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Meteor Systems
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Plazit Polygal Group
TERIS
Wellmaster Pipe and Supply Inc.
Westland Greenhouse Solutions Inc.
WFS Ltd.
Zwart Systems
TWINE
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Plant Products Inc.
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
WFS Ltd.
VALVES
ElectroMecaniQue
Enertec Engineering
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Hydrogardens
Langendoen Mechanical Inc.
Meteor Systems
Niagrow Systems Ltd.
Southern Irrigation
TERIS
WFS Ltd.
Zwart Systems
VENTILATORS
Canarm Ltd.
ElectroMecaniQue
Exacon Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Harnois Greenhouses
Hydrogardens
Niagara Greenhouse
Equipment
AFRICAN VIOLETS
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
JVK
AGERATUMS
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
ALSTROEMERIAS
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
JVK
AMARYLLIS
Van Noort Bulb Co.
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
ANEMONES
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
ANGELONIA
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
PanAmerican Seed
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
ARGYRANTHEMUM
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
ASPARAGUS
SPRENGERI
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
Plantech Control Systems Inc.
TERIS
WFS Ltd.
VERMICULITE
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
ASB Greenworld Ltd.
Berger
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Hydrogardens
JVK
Lambert Peat Moss
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Plant Products Inc.
TERIS
TerraLink Horticulture Inc.
WASHERS
Bouldin & Lawson
Provide Agro
WASTE RECYCLING
Agrozone International Inc.
Global Horticultural Inc.
WATER GARDENING SUPPLIES
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Innoquest, Inc.
JVK
WFS Ltd.
WATER TREATMENT PRODUCTS
Agrozone International Inc.
Armtec
Dosatron/Dilution Solutions
Enertec Engineering
Evergro Division, Nutrien Solutions
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
Kam’s Growers Supply Inc.
Plant Products Inc.
Priva
Provide Agro
Southern Irrigation
Vétoquinol N.-A. Inc.
Water Energy Technologies
WFS Ltd.
WATERING EQUIPMENT/TOOLS
A.M.A. Horticulture Inc.
Bouldin & Lawson
Global Horticultural Inc.
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc.
PLANT MATERIALS
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
BEGONIAS
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
PanAmerican Seed
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
BIDENS
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
BOSTON FERNS
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
BOUGAINVILLEAS
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
BRACHYSCOME
Ball FloraPlant
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Wilsonville Greenhouses
BULBS
JVK
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Cactus & Succulents
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
CALADIUMS
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
CALANDIVA
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
JVK
CALIBRACHOA
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
PanAmerican Seed
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
CALLAS
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
CANNAS
CARNATIONS
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
CEDAR
Willowbrook Nurseries
CHRYSANTHEMUMS
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
CLEMATIS
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Bailey Nurseries
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Willowbrook Nurseries
COLEUS
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Innoquest, Inc.
Meteor Systems
Niagara Greenhouse Equipment
Plant Products Inc.
Southern Irrigation
TERIS
VRE Systems
WFS Ltd.
Zwart Systems
WIRE MESH
Global Horticultural Inc.
JVK
Viro Global Trade Inc.
Wellmaster Pipe and Supply Inc.
WFS Ltd.
CRAPE MYRTLES
Bailey Nurseries JVK
CROCOSMIAS
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
CUCUMBERS
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
PanAmerican Seed
Plant Products Inc.
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
CUT FLOWERS
JVK
PanAmerican Seed
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
CUTTINGS, ROOTED
Bailey Nurseries
Ball FloraPlant
Ball Seed/Ball SuperiorCanada
Darwin Perennials
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
CUTTINGS, UNROOTED
Ball FloraPlant
Ball Seed/Ball SuperiorCanada
Darwin Perennials
JVK
Norseco
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
PanAmerican Seed
JVK
Norseco
AZALEAS
Bailey Nurseries
JVK
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
BACOPA
BRACTEANTHA
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
BROMELIADS
JVK
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
CONTAINER STOCK
Bailey Nurseries
Willowbrook Nurseries
CYCLAMEN
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
DAFFODILS
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
DAHLIAS
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
DELPHINIUMS
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
DIASCIA
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
DIEFFENBACHIAS
JVK
DRACAENAS
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
EVERGREENS
Bailey Nurseries
Willowbrook Nurseries
FERNS
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
FOLIAGE, LINERS
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
FREESIAS
JVK
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
FUSCHIAS
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Wilsonville Greenhouses
GARDENIAS
Bailey Nurseries
JVK
GAURA
Darwin Perennials
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
GERANIUMS
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
GERBERAS
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
GLADIOLUS
JVK
Norseco
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
GLOXINIAS
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
GRASSES
Bailey Nurseries
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Norview Gardens Ltd.
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
PanAmerican Seed
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Willowbrook Nurseries
GROUND COVER PLANTS
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Willowbrook Nurseries
GYPSOPHILAS
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
HEDERA HELIX
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
HELICHRYSUM
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
HERBS
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
PanAmerican Seed
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
HIBISCUS
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Bailey Nurseries
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Willowbrook Nurseries
Wilsonville Greenhouses
HOSTAS
Bailey Nurseries
Darwin Perennials
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Willowbrook Nurseries
HOYAS
JVK
HYACINTH
JVK
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
HYDRANGEAS
Bailey Nurseries
JVK
Norseco
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Willowbrook Nurseries
IBERIS
Darwin Perennials
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
IMPATIENS
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
PanAmerican Seed
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
IVY
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
JASMINES
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
JERUSALEM CHERRY
JVK
Norseco
JUNIPERS
Bailey Nurseries
Willowbrook Nurseries
KALANCHOES
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
JVK
Norseco
LAMIUM
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
LANTANAS
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
LAVENDER
Darwin Perennials
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
LIATRIS
Bailey Nurseries
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
LILACS
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Bailey Nurseries
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
LILIES
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Wilsonville Greenhouses
LINING OUT STOCK
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Bailey Nurseries
LOBELIA
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
MAGNOLIAS
Bailey Nurseries
NARCISSUS
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
NEMESIA
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
NURSERY ORNAMENTALS
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Bailey Nurseries
BioSafe Systems
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
NURSERY STOCK
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Bailey Nurseries
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
JVK
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Willowbrook Nurseries
NYMPHAEAS
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
ORCHIDS
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
OSTEOSPERMUM
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
PanAmerican Seed
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
OXALIS
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
PANSIES
Darwin Perennials
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
PanAmerican Seed
IRISES
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
PEONIES
Bailey Nurseries
JVK
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
PERENNIALS
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Bailey Nurseries
Ball Seed/Ball Superior-Canada
Darwin Perennials
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Willowbrook Nurseries
Wilsonville Greenhouses
PETUNIAS
Ball FloraPlant
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
PanAmerican Seed
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
PHILODENDRONS
Norseco
PHLOXES
Bailey Nurseries
Darwin Perennials
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
GH_Beijing Sangreen_Oct19_CSA.indd 1 2019-09-04 7:33 AM
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
JVK
Norseco
PanAmerican Seed
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
PLANTS, OTHER
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Ball Seed/Ball Superior-Canada
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
PanAmerican Seed
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
PLUGS
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Ball Seed/Ball Superior-Canada
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jiffy Products
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
POINSETTIAS
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
PORTULACA
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
PanAmerican Seed
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Willowbrook Nurseries
Wilsonville Greenhouses
PILEAS
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
PLANTS, BEDDING
Ball Seed/Ball Superior-Canada
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
PanAmerican Seed
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
PLANTS, FLOWERING POT
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
PLANTS, HANGING BASKET
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
Norseco
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
SANVITALIA
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
SCAEVOLA
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
SEEDLINGS, ANNUAL
Ball Seed/Ball Superior-Canada
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
SEEDLINGS, PERENNIAL
Ball Seed/Ball Superior-Canada
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
SEEDS, FLOWER
Ball Seed/Ball Superior-Canada
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
PanAmerican Seed
Stokes Seeds Ltd.
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
SEEDS, OTHER
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
POTHOS
Norseco
PRIMULA
Jelitto Perennial Seeds
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
RHODODENDRONS
Bailey Nurseries
JVK
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Willowbrook Nurseries
ROSE BUSHES
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Bailey Nurseries
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Willowbrook Nurseries
ROSES
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Bailey Nurseries
JVK
JVK
Norseco
SEEDS, VEGETABLE
Ball Seed/Ball Superior-Canada
Groupe Horticole Ledoux Inc. (also know as boutiquepro. ghlinc.com)
Hydrogardens
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
PanAmerican Seed
Plant Products Inc.
Stokes Seeds Ltd.
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
SHRUBS
Agriforest Bio-Technologies Ltd.
Bailey Nurseries
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
Willowbrook Nurseries
SNAPDRAGONS
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
SPECIALTY ANNUALS
Ball Seed/Ball SuperiorCanada
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
SUTERA (BACOPA)
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
TISSUE CULTURE
Agriforest BioTechnologies Ltd.
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
JVK
Norseco
OASIS® Grower Solutions
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
TOMATOES
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
PanAmerican Seed Plant Products Inc.
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
TORENIA
High Q Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Syngenta Flowers, LLC
Wilsonville Greenhouses
TREES
Agriforest BioTechnologies Ltd.
Bailey Nurseries
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
Willowbrook Nurseries
TROPICAL PLANTS
Agriforest BioTechnologies Ltd.
Harster Greenhouses Inc.
Jolly Farmer Products Inc.
JVK
Norseco
Palace Perennials (Sipkens Nurseries)
TULIPS
JVK
Van Noort Bulb Co. Ltd.
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A navigational nightmare
The emergence of legalized cannabis production just over a year ago has certainly been an interesting ride for the greenhouse sector. Possibly more enjoyable for those of us not directly involved than for those in the ‘thick of things’, given just how much unchartered territory has been, and is being, navigated. But I guess that depends on how you get your enjoyment.
There have been a number of unique factors surrounding this crop, however. One has been complaints by neighbours concerned with odours. I can’t recall a similar situation relating to the production of a greenhouse crop previously creating such a stink among local residents. There’s even an online petition here calling for BC Premier John Horgan, Minister of Agriculture Lana Popham, and the Agriculture Land Commissioner to take action (‘StoptheSmell.ca’1). Greenhouse crops are usually appreciated for their pleasant fragrances.
In the past, greenhouses have occasionally been subject to complaints around levels of activity (e.g. comings and goings of high numbers of workers), truck traffic, and evening/night light pollution. The energy issues of 2000-‘01 caused many growers in BC to convert boiler fuel from natural gas to waste wood and there was subsequent involvement by Metro Vancouver in monitoring particulate matter and air quality. A second factor has been residents’ complaints around noise. Ironically, the equipment causing this is often the venting fans: part of the filtration system required
There have been a number of unique factors affecting this crop...
by federal Cannabis Regulations for odour control.2 A bit of a ‘Catch 22’ situation for producers unfortunately. Thirdly, here in BC at least, just the very crop itself has caused some discussions about whether it should even be recognised as a valid use of agricultural land. Obviously it is.
What to me, at least, seems to be an unusually different situation with cannabis is that it is affecting, and being affected by, all levels of government oversight simultaneously in many different guises. For example, here in Langley, residents are seeking the local municipality (Township of Langley) to enforce pollution and noise bylaws. Noise levels (e.g. from said exhaust fans) can be measured relatively easily. Indeed, companies are maintaining daily records as part of their due diligence practices, which is great. But measuring smell is
much more challenging. Maybe it could be done by a normal person detecting what they think is an unreasonable level of odour. But try having that stand up to scrutiny. ‘Normal person’? ‘Unreasonable level’? Provincial government is being encouraged by some residents to use powers under the (provincial) Environmental Management Act to help manage odour pollution. Metro Vancouver is also involved in public consultation to help inform decisions around management of ‘volatile organic compounds’ emanating from cannabis greenhouses, which they say are in the order of 57g of VOC’s per kilogram of plant tissue produced per year, compared to 1.5g for tomatoes.3 It goes without saying that to be producing at all, cannabis greenhouses need to work to federal and provincial legislative requirements simply to get licences and then to continue operating. And here in BC, as already noted, the Agriculture Land Commission have been involved in the ‘permitted uses’ discussion. My apologies if I’ve left out your level of government. Don’t feel slighted, it’s not deliberate. But this whole process is one huge governance navigational nightmare. It is probably pretty frustrating if you’re trying to make this work. But maybe it should be a regulatory challenge with such a crop. However, it’s not like greenhouse growers haven’t faced challenges in the past when moving into new ventures or new technology. Over the years, they have proven to be a pretty adaptable, resilient group. And in my experience, very socially aware and community minded. Multi-national cannabis companies seeking huge financial returns on their investments probably have the financial backing and human resource expertise to work through this. They are being called accountable to be the ‘good neighbours’4 that the greenhouse industry has generally been known for over the years. I’m confident they can make it work.
1. www.StoptheSmell.ca
2. (Canada) Cannabis Regulations (2018), at https://laws-lois. justice.gc.ca/PDF/SOR-2018-144.pdf
3. Mitham, Peter, ‘Neighbours raise stink over cannabis farms’. Country Life in BC, Nov 2019.
4. John Cameron, reported in Mitham article referenced above.
Gary Jones is faculty member at the School of Horticulture, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Langley, BC. He sits on several industry committees and welcomes comments at Gary.Jones@kpu.ca.
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