FFIC - May 2025

FIREFIGHTER RESCUES

What does Ontario’s data tell us?

INSIDE

14 SPOTLIGHT ON FIREFIGHTER RESCUES

A data drill down on firefighter rescues in Ontario By Anthony J De Benedictis

24 UNDERSTANDING ELEVATORS

An overview of best practices when responding to elevator alarm calls By Stephen Hilton

28 SEARCHING FOR MEANING

Introduction to Sense of Coherence and how it applies to resiliency By Nick Halmasy and Sara Stretton

Laura King

Tom DeSorcy

EMPOWERING FIRE FIGHTING’S NEXT GENERATION

Gulf Islands Fire Rescue Cadet Camp celebrates 20 years By Jared Dodds

36 STEPPING INTO THE ARENA

Giving new meaning to grey shirts at Team Rubicon Canada By Joel Johnson

50 TI TRAINING FOR RECRUITS

A program outline to get your recruits technical and strategic about TIs By Manfred Khin

Certainty in uncertain times

In this edition’s Volunteer Vision, (Ret.) Fire Chief Tom DeSorcy examines change in the fire department through the analogous lens of a dependable pick-up truck. He poses many questions, and this makes sense, for change driven by choice requires a weighing of various factors to decide which turn to take. These are the most desirable, calculated types of change — purposeful, engineered, ones in which your sphere of influence casts wide.

Then there’s the typical change foisted upon us all the time. Staff changes. Weather foibles and freak events. Wrinkles.

In all the scenarios, we are making choices about our responses. During the pandemic, there were many decisions to make and a tremendous gravity to them. Just a few short years later, Canada is in another position of having to make choices about the political swirl winds circling the globe. Fire departments and suppliers are caught in the confusion and crossfire.

It’s uncertainty at its finest, fully clad in

a bespoke suit and sitting in a captain’s chair while those it reins over squat on couches made of cacti. No one said life is fair, that’s for sure.

But within this type of chaotic uncertainty always lies opportunities and things that become very certain. It’s interesting how clarity shines up just so when it’s dragged through the muck.

Fire departments and their vendors are all in this together, country wide. This was a sentiment I heard echoed during an industry consultation on tariffs hosted by the Canadian Association of Fire Chiefs, who are working hard on communications with the federal government.

Solidarity brings candid communication, which in turn fosters understanding, empathy, ideas and ultimately innovation. Innovation, change’s prodigal child, is often the result of instability and an urgent need to do things differently. Look no further than the first computer, Alan Turing’s codebreaker, developed

during the tragedy of World War II. And here we are, in a different type of world conflict, an economic one, that may too become the mother of more invention.

How might it change the fire service? Will it push the pervasive issue of aging equipment far enough into the national spotlight to have it adequately addressed? Will cross-border relationships strengthen under shared uncertainty? Time will tell, and in the meantime, there is much to be certain about. Solidly squared away is the sense of service to the community and one another; the enviable brotherhood and sisterhood that bonds those in Fire. In times of uncertainty, it’s always nice to reflect on that which we can be certain about.

LAURA AIKEN Editor laiken@annexbusinessmedia.com

80 % About 80 per cent of volunteer firefighters in Yukon are wearing EXPIRED PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT, the Association of Yukon Fire Chiefs reported. A Waterloo, Ont., bylaw now requires apartment building owners to have a fire safety box with building schematics. BC

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STATION TO STATION

Security · Police · Fire Career Expo Toronto connects aspiring professionals and industry experts

Thursday, March 27 marked the return of the Security • Police • Fire Career Expo, where inspired young professionals had the opportunity to meet with employers in the fire, police and security industries for a day of networking and learning.

From 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., approximately 400 people – around 250 attendees and 150 exhibitors – were hosted at The International Centre in Mississauga, Ont., where attendees had the opportunity to visit almost 50 booths and participate in mock interviews with mentors from each field.

Exhibitors included Peel Regional Police, Paladin Security, Toronto Fire Services, the Ontario Provincial Police, CANCOM, the Ontario Fire Administration, Georgian College, GardaWorld Security, Calgary Police Service, Fit to Serve Online Training and many more.

One of this year’s highlights, as in years past, was the mock interview sessions, where industry hopefuls had the opportunity to sit down with established members of the fire, policing and security sectors to hone their skills and prepare for a future job interview.

LEFT About 250 career seekers explored the show floor at this year’s expo.

“I’ve been in this industry for 30 years, but my son is looking to get into the industry,” said Brian McIlravey, in attendance with his son Derek McIlravey. “This is fabulous for kids to explore all kinds of options. The mentorship program here is incredible, giving kids the chance to sit down with real experts and get real opinions.”

The fire industry was represented by Fire Chief Andrew Zvanitajs from Vaughn Fire and Rescue Service and Fire Chief Chris Nearing from Markham Fire and Emergency Services. The police industry was represented by Deputy Chief Rob Burke from the Barrie Police Service, Staff Inspector Steve Bogart from St. Thomas Police Service, Chief Special Constable Peter Scislowski from OC Transpo and Staff Superintendent Kelly Skinner from the Toronto Police Service. The security industry was represented by Kanan Kanapathipillai, director of security, fire and parking operations for Trillium Health Partners and Robin Soobramanie, director of security operations for Woodbine Entertainment.

The event was made possible thanks to the support of the sponsors, including platinum sponsor OC Transpo and gold sponsors Nunavik Police Service and Woodbine Entertainment.

The Security Police Fire Career Expo is presented by the media brands Canadian Firefighter, Canadian Security

and Blue Line. The next career expo is set for May 14 in Surrey, B.C., with another planned for October 4 in Calgary.

UBC receives grant for collaborative research on Indigenous practices

The Paul G. Allen Family Foundation awarded a US $790,000 grant to the University of British Columbia’s faculty of forestry to support collaborative research focused on Indigenous-led, proactive approaches to wildfire management and ecological restoration.

The project, co-led by Lori Daniels and Janette Bulkan, seeks to better understand the ecological and cultural benefits of innovative forest management, including prescribed and cultural burning practices, in collaboration with the Cheslatta Carrier Nation, Stswecem’c Xget’tem First Nation, Stuxwtéws First Nation and Lil’wat First Nation.

The transdisciplinary research aims to provide insights into the positive roles of cultural fire for enhancing biodiversity, reducing wildfire risk and restoring forest ecosystems.

Researchers and their Indigenous partners will analyze forest conditions, study fire regimes and co-develop management strategies that support Indigenous knowledge with western fire ecology and social science.

The study will include field experiments, ecological monitoring and policy recommendations to advance sustainable land stewardship.

Founded in 1988 by philanthropists Jody Allen and the late Paul G. Allen, co-founder of Microsoft, the Paul G. Allen Family Foundation works to enhance the arts and culture experience, mobilize young people to drive change and advance science and technology solutions that address wildlife conservation, ocean health and climate change.

STATION TO STATION THE FIRE HALL BULLETIN

FDIC Atlantic: Advancing excellence in fire fighting standards

FDIC (Fire Department Information Conference) Atlantic is a three-day event that brings together firefighters, emergency service personnel, and fire service professionals from across the region. This conference serves as a central platform for enhancing skills, sharing knowledge, and discussing the latest fire service training and safety innovations.

Held annually in June, the FDIC Atlantic conference features a comprehensive agenda that includes hands-on training sessions, educational workshops, a keynote address and a vendor hall showcasing fire fighting equipment and technology.

The FDIC Atlantic conference offers an array of training opportunities. The sessions cater to various levels of experience, from new recruits to seasoned veterans and officers. Training topics often include a review of basic techniques as well as advanced fire fighting tactics, rescue operations, incident command, and topics geared to current trends in fire fighting. Hands-on training is a key component, allowing firefighters to practice skills in realistic scenarios. This approach boosts confidence and enhances teamwork and communication among crew members.

The conference is known for featuring distinguished keynote speakers who share valuable insights drawn from their extensive experience. These presentations have covered leadership, mental health in fire fighting, and the importance of community engagement just to name a few. Workshops led by experts also allow for deeper dives into specific topics, providing practical skills and strategies that firefighters can implement in their daily operations. Most workshops are delivered in smaller classroom settings.

Networking is a fundamental aspect of the FDIC Atlantic conference. Held at Acadia University in the town of Wolfville, N.S., meals and accommodation are provided on site which allows the post-classroom discussions to naturally flow and make even those attending for the first time feel welcome and to be part of the larger fire fighting community. Firefighters and emergency service professionals gather to exchange ideas, share challenges, and collaborate on solutions. Connections made during the conference can lead to long-lasting relationships and collaborations that enhance community safety initiatives.

The FDIC Atlantic is more than just an event; it is a celebration of the dedication and commitment within the firefighting community. As the fire service continues to evolve, events like the FDIC Atlantic provide crucial support for those on the front lines of public safety.

For more information, visit fdicatlantic.ca. The 28th annual conference will be held from June 6 to 8.

– By Stephen Frenner

PROMOTIONS & APPOINTMENTS

The Timmins Fire Department in Ontario is promoting Deputy Fire Chief SCOTT ATKINSON to the top job. Atkinson began his tenure with the Timmins department in 2002, being promoted to lieutenant in 2021 and named deputy chief in 2022.

ROREE PAYMENT has been promoted to fire chief for Oro-Medonte Fire and Emergency Services in Ontario. Payment was appointed the deputy chief of operations with the department in June 2024 and came to the department with 25 years of experience in the fire service.

Oro-Medonte Fire and Emergency Services additionally appointed MURRAY LANGMAN as their new deputy fire chief. Langman is the longest serving member of the OroMedonte department, having served for 46 years, many of which were spent as the district chief of Station 4.

The town of Bracebridge in Ontario appointed KEVIN PLESTED as its new director of emergency services and fire chief. Plested brings 27 years of fire service experience, including leadership roles in Vaughn and Bracebridge, where he joined as the fire prevention officer in 2022.

BRIAN WILSON has been named fire chief for the town of Hawkesbury in Ontario. Wilson, who has an extensive background in fire protection, emergency management and education, replaces former Fire Chief Normand Beauchamp, who went on leave in February 2024.

SOLOMON TAGAK has been selected to fill the role of acting fire chief and director of emergency services with the Iqaluit Fire Department in Nunavut. Tagak joined the department as a volunteer in 2007 and has filled a number of positions across his tenure, including dispatcher, captain and deputy chief.

The city of Mississauga in Ontario has named STEPHANE MALO as their acting fire chief. Malo has been a member of the service since 1996 and has held multiple positions with Mississauga Fire and Emergency Services, including platoon chief and deputy chief of operations.

RETIREMENTS

Fire Chief RAYMOND ORMEROD is set to retire from the municipality of Central Elgin in Ontario. Ormerod began his career with the fire service in 1988 as a volunteer, transitioning to the St. Thomas department where he led the training division before being promoted to fire chief.

District Chief SHAWN DAVIS has retired from the London Fire Department in Ontario. Davis began his career in August 1991, being one of the eight people hired from over 1,200 applicants.

LAST ALARM

Retired Fire Chief RODNEY GEORGE ARNOLD passed away on March 20 at the age of 88. Arnold served with the Mississauga Fire Department for over 31 years, retiring as district chief.

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CLOCKWISE:

Winnipeg Fire Paramedic Service, District of Mackenzie Fire Rescue, Clearwater Regional Fire Rescue Services, Invermere Fire Rescue, Kelowna Fire Department, Montague Fire Department

1. WINNIPEG FIRE PARAMEDIC SERVICE

Winnipeg Fire Paramedic Service has taken delivery of three Pierce Enforcer Pumpers from Commercial Emergency Equipment. All three are equipped with a Cummins L9 450 HP engine, a Hale QMAX-XS-175 1750 GMP pump, a 500 G tank, a 40 G foam cell and a Husky 3 foam system. Additional features include TAK-4 independent front suspensions, FireTech by HiViz scene lighting, Whelen emergency lighting, full cold-climate packages and Akron 3482 StreamMaster II deluge monitors.

2. THE DISTRICT OF MACKENZIE FIRE RESCUE

The District of Mackenzie in B.C. took delivery of a Commercial Emergency Equipment FireLine Quick Attack

Pro. Built on a Ford F-450 4X4 crew cab, the vehicle is fitted with a Ford 7.3 L gasoline 335 HP engine and a Torqshift 10-speed automatic transmission. Additional features include a CET/Honda 2.5” wildland pump, 150’ 1” electric return booster reel, 400 G CET Poly water tank, Scotty 10 G foam

system and Whelen CenCom Core/ We Can X dynamic variable intensity lighting.

3. CLEARWATER REGIONAL FIRE RESCUE SERVICES

Rocky Mountain Phoenix delivered a Rosenbauer 104’ Cobra Platform to Clearwater Regional Fire Rescue Services in Alberta. The apparatus is built on a Rosenbauer Commander custom chassis with a 60’ cab w/flat roof and equipped with a Cummins X15 600 HP engine and an Allison 4000 EVS automatic transmission. It includes a Hale QMAX XS split shaft driven 1750 IG pump, FRC Pump Boss 400, 400 IG water tank, and a Whelen LED warning light package.

4. INVERMERE FIRE RESCUE

Invermere Fire Rescue in B.C. received a Wildland 3 MAX from Safetek Profire. Built on an International CV 515 Crew Cab 4X4 chassis, it is fitted with an International 6.6 L 350 HP engine and an Allison 2750 transmission. The apparatus features a Darley JMP 500 two-stage pump and a Darley

1.5 AG/diesel auxiliary pump, a 500 IG water tank, a Trident Format ATP foam system, an Elkhart Brushhawk monitor and a Whelen LED emergency lighting package.

5. KELOWNA FIRE DEPARTMENT

The Kelowna Fire Department in B.C. took delivery of a new pumper from Hub Fire Engines. Manufactured on a Spartan Gladiator chassis, it is equipped with a Cummins X12 500 HP engine and an Allison 300 EVS transmission. Features include a Hale QTW0150 pump, FoamPro 2002 foam system, and an Akron Deckmaster monitor with wireless control.

6. MONTAGUE FIRE DEPARTMENT

Fort Garry Fire Trucks delivered a tandem tanker to Montague township in Ontario. Built on a Freightliner M2-106 chassis, it is fitted with a Detroit DD8 7.7 L 375 HP engine and an Allison EVS 3000 transmission. The apparatus is equipped with a Hale MBP750 pump, a Co Poly 2500 IG tank and was manufactured from anti-glare black aluminium.

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LEADERSHIP FORUM

By Monique Belair, Fire Chief, Kingston, Ontario

IMPOSTER SYNDROME

Imposter syndrome (IS) is a common experience amongst women in male-dominated fields, and the fire service is no exception.

For those not familiar with the term, the concept of IS was first explored by researchers Pauline Rose Clance and Suzanne Ament Imes in 1978. During their observations of 150 women who were respected professionals in their fields, or students recognized for their academic excellence, they found that despite their individual success or praise from others, these women continued to believe they were not worthy and had achieved their success from sheer luck.

From their research they created the term “impostor phenomenon” (imposter syndrome), marked by the persistent feeling of self-doubt and fear of being exposed as a “fraud”, even when you have the skills, qualifications, and accomplishments to back up your success. As well, common thoughts are “I’m a fake”, “I don’t deserve to be here”, or “I’m not smart enough to be here.”

Based on some of my own experiences, I believe that this is a very complex and deeply rooted issue among women that are influenced by both the high-pressure nature of our profession and societies perceptions of gender roles in the fire service. At the very early stages of my career, I can distinctly remember having feelings of inadequacy and “do I deserve” to be in this role. Daily, I was told by my colleagues, supervisors, and members of society that this was a “man’s job”, and I have been told throughout my career

If this reluctance continues and we do not address the issue of IS, it will continue to hinder diversity in our leadership roles.

that I must work twice as hard to prove myself. On one occasion I was presenting on the use of fire extinguishers to an all-male audience with another male firefighter. During the presentation one individual was very belligerent and refused to answer any of my questions. I immediately felt that it was something I was doing wrong because he was not acting this way towards the male firefighter. It became so uncomfortable that my own self-doubts and feelings of being a “fake” had me asking him if I had done something wrong or offended him in some way. To this day I will always remember his words: “Women should not be firefighters because we are the child bearers of society and how dare I put myself at risk.” At the time, I can remember feeling so angry, but also alone. I began to wonder if this is how everyone saw me; not as a firefighter but an imposter who didn’t belong. Similar scenarios continued to occur throughout my career at all levels and ranks resulting in me questioning my decision-making abilities and leadership skills. This isn’t to say I resent my time in the fire service or that every male in the fire service doesn’t want to work with women. Instead, my intent is to bring awareness to a real issue that still permeates throughout the fire service all these years later. I often receive calls from women at various ranks, roles and divisions requesting advise on how to handle situations that make them feel uncomfortable or inadequate in their roles. How many are not reaching out, and just how widespread is the effects of IS amongst women in the fire service? The effects of IS can be detrimen-

Monique Belair began her career in 1986 as a crash rescue/structural firefighter with the Canadian Armed Forces as one of only five women serving on military bases across Canada. Reach her at mlbelair66@gmail.com.

tal, especially when we think about how it may affect women and their hesitation to pursue promotions or leadership roles based on these feelings of selfdoubt or inadequacy despite being qualified and capable. If this reluctance continues and we do not address the issue of IS, it will continue to hinder diversity in our leadership roles. How do we address IS and ensure that women will pursue leadership roles/promotions in our departments? First, as fire service leaders we need to recognize that IS is a real issue and educate ourselves on what deters women from pursuing leadership roles in the fire service and what strategies we can implement to overcome IS in our fire department. One of the key deterrents to pursuing promotions or leadership roles I personally experienced was the lack of female representation on the hiring or promotional board. In my 39 years in the fire service, I have never been interviewed in a promotional process by another woman in the fire service. The absence of female representation on promotional boards may discourage women from advancement they may question the fairness of the promotion process and feel that their chances of advancement are diminished.

For many women in leadership roles within the fire service, IS is a challenging and deeply rooted internal struggle. Never underestimate the value of mentorship and networking: having strong female mentors or peers who can provide guidance, share their own experiences, and offer reassurance can help women feel more confident in their leadership roles.

By Anthony J De Benedictis

SPOTLIGHT ON Firefighter rescues

An examination of 2024 data in Ontario

In the age of analytics and data, the fire service is evolving its practice to better serve the community it protects. From response times to defibrillation, the playing field of the modern fire service is rapidly evolving. Much like professional medicine, the fire service is using analytics to inform our practice. The Firefighter Rescue Survey (FFRS) is a recent addition in fire ground best practices. This group has been able to track over 4,000 user submitted surveys and compile information regarding rescues made from firefighters throughout North America. The information gathered better prepares firefighters to perform their fundamental core duties of preservation and protection of life.

Although the American fire service is on a trajectory towards improving their fire ground operations, limited information has been collected and shared with firefighters in Canada.

In Ontario, we initiated our own one-year study and analysis to learn how many rescues were actually happening in our own backyard. Is it possible that Ontario is an anomaly and unlike our brothers and sisters to the south? Are we winning when it comes to rescuing people from burning structures? Does our training support what the evidence shows? How can our mindset and attitude shape the survivability of people trapped in structure fires? How well do we understand our own batting average? How often is this information actually shared with frontline firefighters throughout the province?

The Ontario Fire Marshal reported record high fire fatality numbers over the past few

BELOW Most rescues are made in residential buildings.

years. In 2022, 133 people died, and in 2023, 121 deaths were recorded. These deaths occurred because of fire inside of a structure with the cause of death ranging from smoke inhalation to asphyxia or burns. As a response, this information has ignited public education campaigns throughout the province to lower fire deaths and implement the first line of defence. While many fire chiefs call for greater education and enforcement to prevent fire deaths, little is mentioned about how effective response and suppression may have contributed to these numbers. Surely these fatality numbers would be much higher had trained and well-equipped firefighters not responded courageously to rescue these individuals from burning structures.

THE FIREFIGHTER RESCUE SURVEY (FFRS) METHODOLOGY

This study was conducted via daily screening and searching for news articles, pictures, videos, tweets, or other online news media. A direct feed from Google on all “fire rescue” in Ontario Canada was monitored and collected from Jan.1 to Dec.31, 2024. Data was then captured and inputted into a spreadsheet. At the end of the reporting period, the information was then consolidated into tables, charts and graphs for report generation.

In order for an incident to be included in the report, the following criterion must have been met:

• Events must have occurred between Jan. 1 and Dec. 31, 2024.

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• People being rescued must be within a structure that has active smoke or fire situation creating an IDLH environment (immediately dangerous to life and health).

• Animals or pets were not included in any of the data for this study.

• Encampments, or other structures that are not built according to the Ontario Building Code were not included in this study.

• Articles that reference people being evacuated, injured at the fire scene or otherwise are not accepted unless it meets the definition of a rescue (found below).

• Articles, events or other information gathered must make mention or show evidence of fire service personnel removing a victim from a building (either conscious or unconscious, alive or deceased)

• Events in which fire crews located an individual inside the structure (alive or deceased) while performing operations were included under “fatalities”

For the purposes of this study, the term “rescue” is defined as: “The physical removal of occupants or dwellers within a structure by fire service personnel (either alive or otherwise) in a dangerous or distressing situation”

Additionally, this definition will not be including the removal of occupants from situations involving elevators, structural collapses, or other means. We are strictly talking about a building with fire and smoke.

Rescue versus fatality sata aubmission Below is the criteria for data submission within the rescue or fatality columns:

• If an occupant is removed from a structure by fire service personnel, it is listed as a rescue.

• If fire service personnel locate a victim and determine they are deceased and do not remove the occupant, they are listed as fatality (for example, initial defensive fire, located human remains or body after the fact).

• If an occupant is removed from the structure and later dies as a result of their injuries, it is listed as both a rescue and fatality.

• If it is later determined that the person removed has since passed but the data was already submitted, it may be updated to include fatality.

It is important to note that it is extremely challenging to retroactively follow up

Municipality – Rescues – 2024

with each incident and determine patient status, therefore the fatality numbers are likely much higher than are being reported in this study.

The following limitations were identified by the researcher:

• Reliance solely on social media and online news or television reporting and publishing.

• Underreporting or no reports, especially in rural or remote areas of the province.

• Misreports based on limited information made publicly available to the news media.

• Vague or non-descriptive writing based on the removal technique may have screened incidents in or out.

• Limited or lack of updates on incidents from news media once the story goes through the news cycle.

SURVEY RESULTS

There were 94 incidents we captured in 2024 with a total of 141 people rescued. It is worth mentioning that one incident had upwards of 10 rescued and many more evacuated. It was difficult to find an accurate number of how many were rescued versus evacuated. Additionally, there were two incidents captured that involved civilians making the rescue prior to fire department arrival. One incident occurred on First Nations land and it is unknown how many more occurred throughout the province on First Nations or federal land.

The data showed that in Ontario, an average of 2.7 people are rescued by firefighters per week.

At the time of data collection and submission, there were a total of 48 confirmed deceased individuals. It is unknown how many have perished since reporting and data collection of the incidents, however, it can be used as a reference to what the OFM will publish officially in 2025. It can be estimated based on the OFM data that an average of 94 fatalities occur annually over a 12-year period.

Most rescues made were in residential occupancies (69 per cent), with another 25 per cent occurring in high-rise or multi-unit occupancies. Commercial occupancies consisted of less than 5 per cent of the total.

It is also important to understand the current socio-economic climate in 2024 and how it has changed behaviour and living situations for many Ontarians. With a growing population of homeless, there have been numerous homeless encampment deaths from fire and one rescue was made in a public pavilion structure fire. Encampment fires were not included in the study due to the non-compliance with being an officially recognized building as per the Ontario Building Code. The OFM 10-year summary identified six per cent of fatal fires that occurred in outdoor structures (shed, barn, tent, other structures not classified by provincial building code).

In Ontario, the data showed an average of 2.7 people being rescued by firefighters weekly.

WHERE ARE INCIDENTS OCCURRING?

In 2024, Toronto Fire Services saw the highest number of incidents with 29 or just under onethird of the total. With the largest population at just under 3 million, it holds the No.1 spot for rescues based on population and incidents. Ottawa Fire Services saw the second highest number of incidents with 12. Hamilton Fire Department saw the third highest with eight incidents even though it is fifth highest in population.

Intuitively, the number of incidents correlates with population. Bigger cities tend to have more incidents, however, there are many rural and remote municipalities that have had rescues/fatalities. Some examples of smaller municipalities that saw rescues or fatalities include Elliot Lake, Springfield, Tillsonburg and Wasaga Beach. One fatality was recorded in Peawanuck First Nation however, this is one area of the province that is severely lacking sufficient coverage in the news media and therefore lacking data points for this study.

MONTH OF INCIDENT

Examining the number of rescues and time of the year shows trends that align with other data such as FFRS, the OFM and the United States Fire Administration (USFA).

Winter months tend to see a higher number of incidents than the warmer months of summer. January, February and March have a higher rate of incidents and therefore rescues. Although correlation doesn’t equal causation, this data makes sense based on the Canadian climate. While it may seem blatantly obvious, it confirms our ability to build a rescue profile from evidence as opposed to subjective experience or opinion.

DISCUSSION

This study provided a first of its kind, eye-opening insight into the number of firefighter rescues made in Ontario. Referencing other datasets from reputable sources such as the OFM office, the USFA and the FFRS, it can be concluded that now more than ever, firefighters are able to maximize their fire ground operations using analytics and data collection to create evidence-based best practice.

With just under three rescues a week in the province of Ontario, firefighters should

be both proud and vigilant at how many are happening. This new information should be shared to all throughout the province and it should be at the forefront of their minds when responding to any reported structure fire.

From the total 141 rescued, 103 from time of submission were classified as rescues with no fatality. This means that 103 occupants were removed and were not classified as fatal when

reported (had a pulse, breathing or conscious).

COULD WE BE BATTING 50 PER CENT?

If we assume 141 was the total number of rescues performed in 2024, 48 fatalities would equate to a fatality rate of 34 per cent. If the fatalities were bumped to 70, this would equal 50 per cent survival. Even if the fatality rate

was as high as 94 (the average over the last 12 years) that would equate to a survival rate of 33 per cent. These are extremely helpful metrics that can have substantial impacts for how we operate as a fire service.

• Consider the key takeaways:

• Three rescues per week in the province

• Higher trends in the winter months (November to March)

• An average of 1.6 people per incident

• 95 per cent of rescues were made in residential occupancies

• Survival rate is somewhere between 33 and 66 per cent (keep in mind, the survival rate of cardiac arrest in a pre-hospital setting is less than 10 per cent).

Pairing this information with already existing and more detailed information from the FFRS, this is how we can use evidence to inform our practices and provide the absolute best level of service to our community.

OCCUPANCY

Ninety-five per cent of rescues made were in some type of residential structure. This information is key for formulating effective game plans. If the majority of rescues made were in residences, we can get a proactive leg-up on bread-and-butter operations.

Although it can be hypothesized why this might be always the case, it should not stop us from devising and practicing effective strategies for large area search, office search, grocery store search, etc.

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS

One area that was difficult to ascertain was the expectation of multiple victims. As 1.6 people were rescued on average across all incidents in 2024, an interesting point to note is that several of the top 10 highest population municipalities had an average of 1.4 to 2.5 people rescued. Although not a conclusive result, it is important to consider having a plan for one search crew of firefighters locating more than one victim. Standard operations should be to anticipate two to three planning search teams to rotate and train to cross paths on entry/exit. This information also aligns with FFRS data that identified a majority (67 per cent) of fire crews located a second victim at the same location as the first victim when multiple victims were found.

Number of Incidents, Number of Rescues, Average Number of Rescues and Number of Fatalities

Incidents and Rescues by Month

MUNICIPALITY

While the trends can be seen in the top 10 largest municipalities in the province, fire does not discriminate based on population, staffing, career or volunteer, mid-size city, or rural Ontario village. Fire risk throughout the province is not necessarily tied to population or municipality. All municipalities that offer fire protection under the Fire Protection and Prevention Act (FPPA) must be both prepared and ready to execute the third line of defence (emergency response) in support of their mission and vision statements, which regularly mentions the preservation and protection of life.

A multitude of factors can contribute to certain municipalities having higher incidents such as socio-economic factors, age of residents, and compartmentalization of building stock, lifestyle factors of generational homes and financial factors of adequate fire detection and protection within the residence. Department factors such as staffing of fire prevention and education can also be contributing to certain municipalities having higher or lower incidents. As we look at where fire and rescues happen, we should also note departments such as Burlington, Central York and Richmond Hill all had zero incidents in 2024.

Hamilton Fire Department saw the third highest number of rescue even though if it is fifth highest in population.

Rescues trend highest in the winter months.

Top 10 municipalities and number of incidents with number of rescues, average rescues and number of fatalities MUNICIPALITY

TIME OF YEAR

Although several variables can be considered, none should take away the mindset that rescues can and will occur any month.

When examining Fig. 4, it is evident that the winter months show a dramatic increase in the number of incidents and rescues on average. Considering Canadian winters and use of home heating methods, more time spent in house than summer months, and delayed notification, it is not surprising that we should train for more rescues to happen in winter. Although several variables can be considered, none should take away from the mindset that rescues can and will occur at any month. The statistics for 2024 show July had one of the lowest number of incidents however one large fire saw the confirmed rescue and removal of at least 10 people.

The “rescue mindset” should not just prime us for winter and diminish incidents in the warmer months, but simply heighten the awareness that rescues are a higher probability during the colder season. No months saw zero incidents and in fact, some days had multiple rescues (10 days saw two or more separate incidents throughout the province).

CONCLUSION

This study was initiated to analyze when and where rescues are happening in Ontario. There is more to do, such as setting up more consistent reporting and full data analysis, similar to FFRS in the U.S.

As there are recognized limitations to this round of data collection and information sourcing, it is a foundation to showcase the

hard work firefighters are doing throughout Ontario as the last line of defence to preserve and protect life.

As we initiate data collection in Canada, it is clear that more longitudinal research is needed to examine year to year differences and trends. Whether that is managed by independent research, funding from a grant, or government support, future research should examine correlative effects.

If your department members are involved in a successful rescue, we invite you to go to the firefighter rescue survey and complete the form. All personal health information can be removed for patient privacy and only the details surrounding the rescue can be shared to contribute.

Further research should continue to examine trends, as we collectively establish an industry best-practice to search, remove and rescue occupants from burning structures.

REFERENCES

Aggressiveness and Analytics: Search Considerations for Firefighters. Brush, B. Fire Engineering. 12/16/2024. fireengineering.com

Firefighter Rescue Survey: The First 4,000. Firefighterrescuesurvey.com

Mitchell, Don. January 3 2023, OFM Reveals 133 Fire Deaths in Ontario for 2022, Highest in Two Decades., globalnews.ca

Ontario Cities By Population, 2024. worldpopulationreview.com

Ontario Fire Marshal’s Office, Ontario Fatal Fires: Fire Death Rate (20-year summary)

Ontario Fire Marshal’s Office, Ontario Fatal Fires: Summary (10-year)

Ontario Fire Marshal’s Office, Ontario Fire Incident Summary.

Ontario Fire Marshal’s Office, Ontario Residential Fire Fatalities (10-year)

Ontario Fire Marshal’s Office, Ontario Residential Fires: Injuries (10-year)

U.S Fire Administration, Fire Death Rate Per Million Population (2013-2022)

U.S Fire Administration, Residential Fire Estimate Summaries (2013-2022)

2021 Fireground Civilian Rescue Research Project. Brush, B. Oklahoma State University

Anthony De Benedictis is a career firefighter in Ontario working in a mid sized suburban department in the GTA. He is an instructor at a local career college teaching NFPA 1001 skills and runs Firefighter Rescues Ontario. FFRO is a platform dedicated to highlighting rescues made throughout the province to build awareness and education for the last line of defence. If you are interested in learning more or hosting training based on this data, contact Anthony at FFRescuesOntario@gmail. com or on Instagram @FFrescuesontario.

NFPA IMPACT

By Laura King, NFPA Regional Director, Canada

NOW’S THE TIME to be FireSmart

Officially, Wildfire Community Preparedness Day is May 3, a time for neighbourhoods to focus on outdoor clean ups and think about how to build resilience to embers that could ignite fires around homes and properties.

NFPA and longtime partner FireSmart Canada have celebrated prep day since 2015 through education via social media, workshops, and, over the years, hundreds of $500 awards to help neighbourhoods host an event – a community clean up and barbecue, a chipper rental, or the purchase of equipment such as rakes and chainsaws to use annually to help clear debris, for example.

It doesn’t matter when neighbourhoods celebrate prep day –the first Saturday in May is often still cool and wet in many parts of Canada and the event is better conducted a bit later in the spring or summer.

Regardless of the date, or whether a neighbourhood receives funding for an event (apply every winter at firesmartcanada.ca), it’s critical that all homeowners understand the need to maintain a non-combustible perimeter around structures on their properties – homes, garages, sheds, and outbuildings. Fire departments and municipalities can access FireSmart messaging, programs, resources, and training at no cost from the website.

My colleague Michele Steinberg, director of NFPA’s

wildfire division, notes in her column in NFPA Journal examples of massive wildfires that approached neighbourhoods that were FireSmarted – in other words, had implemented FireSmart principles to increase resilience. The American program, from which the Canadian version was developed, is called Firewise USA; the principles are the same.

Steinberg cites the 2011 Wallow Fire, Arizona’s largest wildfire at 217,740 hectares. A post-fire report noted, “When the fire came over the ridge toward [the community of] Alpine it sounded like a freight train. The smoke column was bent over making it difficult to see. Without the fuel treatment effects of reducing flame lengths and defensible space around most houses, we would have had to pull back our firefighters. Many of the houses would have caught fire and burned to the ground.”

According to Steinberg, “a combination of years of land management work and what firefighters called Firewise construction and landscaping of homes allowed them to safely and aggressively fight the Wallow Fire and save all but one structure in Alpine.”

Steinberg also tells the story of the 2018 Falls Creek Ranch near Durango, Colorado, which was threatened by the massive 416 Fire.

“Local fire chief Hal Doughty convinced the incident commander that the community

was not a liability but an asset,” Steinberg wrote.

“I said to him, ‘Falls Creek is an area [where] we can stop the fire. They’ve spent hundreds of thousands of dollars, and it’s well mitigated, and it’s a Firewise community. I believe that we can save that neighborhood.’”

The chief was right, Steinberg said.

“More than a decade of work on its wildfire risk reduction paid off for the small community, and firefighters prevented the 416 Fire from entering the larger town of Durango.”

Another small community completed just a few years’ worth of risk reduction before being put to the test in 2022, Steinberg says.

“Lostine Canyon in Wallowa County, Oregon, was threatened by three wildfires burning close together. Lance Lighty, a member of the Oregon State Fire Marshal’s Office, served as incident commander. Fifty-mile-per-hour winds blew the fires up, and an incoming cold front prompted crews to deploy for structure protection.

“I brought in another division supervisor to go up and scout the area,” Lighty recounted. “After [he] came back, he said, ‘This is going to be easy. It’s a Firewise community, things are looking great up there, the houses are well prepped.’ ”

The Sturgill Fire came within less than two miles of the neighbourhood, Steinberg said. “Firefighters were able to focus

their efforts on other areas because the community was defendable. No homes were damaged. Lostine Canyon’s example inspired neighboring communities to participate in Firewise USA.”

There are similar examples across Canada. A friend near Halifax had FireSmarted his property before the 2023 fire in Upper Tantallon, implementing home-ignition zone practices and principles. Wind and luck may have been factors, but knowing there was a 1.5 metre non-combustible perimeter around the house, and ensuring the 10-meter intermediate zone was managed, contributed to his peace of mind and also likely the lack of damage.

There are simple but effective chores municipalities and fire departments can encourage: keep grass cut to 10 centimetres or lower; remove tree branches lower than 1 metre; move wood piles away from structures; clean up debris from under decks or between buildings; trim tree branches so they don’t touch roofs; use non-combustible landscaping (rocks rather than mulch) around the house; clean gutters; cover vents with tight mesh to prevent embers from entering; keep communal spaces such as parks and right-of-ways clear and free of deadfall.

The world watched in January as fires tore through the mostly urban Pacific Palisades community in Los Angeles. It can happen anywhere. Be FireSmart. Be prepared.

Laura King is the NFPA’s regional director for Canada. Contact her at lking@nfpa.org.

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By Stephen Hilton

UNDERSTANDING ELEVATORS

A review of best practices for an elevator alarm call

Does your department respond to elevator entrapment emergencies? How familiar are you with your elevator guidelines and procedures for low-mid- and high-rise incidents? If you respond to elevator entrapments, now is a great time to ensure you know the answers to these questions. There are some key objectives that a fire department should focus on to achieve. The first is the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) and the second is to develop the job performance requirements (JPRs).

The AHJ will determine if you will respond and what level of response your department will provide. The response will be supported by regulations, guidelines, and professionally accepted best practices. Regulations can be found in ASME. A17.4 - 2015 and the TSSA guideline for elevating devices. Guidelines can be found in NFPA 1006 CH.12 and OFM Section: 6-32.

Let’s review the Phase I and Phase II operations of an elevator being used in an activated alarm situation. The Phase I emergency recall operation of an elevator is when it’s automatically or manually recalled to the recall level and removed from normal service because of activation of the firefighter’s emergency operation.

Once the fire alarm is activated the elevator(s) will automatically return to the main lobby level and will remain there until a reset or a Phase II of the elevator has been initiated.

PHASE I MANUAL ACTIVATION

The elevator control firefighter will recall the elevator using an elevator key at the main lobby

LEFT Once Phase I has been initiated, the elevator control firefighter will enter the elevator car with their crew and use the elevator key and insert it into the firefighter operation location, which is usually a locked panel that only the fire department will have access to.

RIGHT The elevator should always be directed two floors below the alarm floor.

level just outside of the elevator(s). Once the Phase I operation has been initiated, the recall light (red fire helmet) will be illuminated. Note, do not use the elevator if the red fire helmet is flashing. This means there is a malfunction and an issue with the system. The elevator could stall with the responding firefighters in the elevator and trap them.

PHASE II OPERATIONS

Once Phase I has been initiated, the elevator control firefighter will enter the elevator car with their crew and use the elevator key and insert it into the firefighter operation location, which is usually a locked panel that only the fire department will have access to. The elevator control firefighter will insert and turn the key to the ON position (this will activate Phase II). Choose the desired floor (elevator should always be directed two floors below the alarm floor).

Before proceeding to the desired floor, the elevator control firefighter should test to see if the door safety mechanism is working by holding the door close button and then releasing it to check if the door safety is working. The door should automatically open once the close door button is released. The elevator control firefighter will then hold the close door button until the door is fully closed and the elevator starts to move. Once the elevator starts to move the close door button can be released.

Once the elevator reaches the desired floor, the door open button must be pressed and held until the door opens fully. If conditions on the floor are not safe, release the button and the elevator door will close com-

pletely. If everything is good and safe on the desired floor, the investigating crew can step out of the elevator. The elevator control firefighter can remain on the desired floor with the investigating crew, or return to the main floor and can keep the elevator door open by turning the key to the HOLD position until the elevator is required to move again.

RESETTING THE ELEVATOR

Once the incident or emergency is over and the alarms have been silenced and reset, the elevator control firefighter can now reset the elevator to its normal use and residents of the building can begin using it again. Once the elevator is returned to the main lobby level, the elevator control firefighter can start switching the elevator over from firefighter mode to its normal use. The elevator control firefighter will remove it from Phase II by using the key and turning it to the OFF position. The elevator control firefighter will then use the key on the outside panel of the elevator to remove the elevator from Phase I by first turning the key to the reset position, holding it for roughly 10 seconds, then turning the key to the OFF position. The red fire helmet should stop illuminating indicating that the elevator has been reset and back into normal operations.

ELEVATOR ENTRAPMENT EMERGENCIES

When the first responding crew arrives on scene, they need to determine what the emergency is. The crew should immediately make contact with a competent building representative, if possible. If not, then the officer should secure the keys from the fire plan or chubb box. Try to determine and locate what floor the elevator car has stalled on. You can refer to the dispatch report, the main lobby floor indicator, or a building representative. Once you located the stalled car the crew should immediately make contact with the occupant(s). Are they in distress? How long have they been in the stalled car? Are there any environmental factors to be concerned about?

There a basically three levels of entrapment when it comes to elevator rescues. Level 1 means leaving the occupant(s) in the car and monitoring their conditions. They have been stranded in the car for less than 45 minutes and there are no medical or environmental concerns. The local elevator company has been requested and will handle the entrapment once on scene. If the responding elevator mechanics response time will be longer than 45 minutes, the fire department may and can initiate a rescue if required. A Level 2 entrapment is when the occupant(s) have been in the elevator car for longer than 45 minutes and there is a medical or environmental concerns which needs to be attended to immediately. At a Level 2 entrapment, it is also recommended to remove the power, initiate LOTO (Lock Out - Tag Out) procedure, then make the required steps to remove the occupant(s) from the car. A Level 3 entrapment is beyond the capabilities of the fire crew on scene, and it will require a trained and certified technical rescue team.

TYPES OF ELEVATORS

The most common elevators used today are the hydraulic and traction elevators. Traction elevators can be gearless or gear driven.

A hydraulic elevator car is lifted by an electric motor that pumps the oil into the cylinder to move the piston and also incorporates electrical valves to control the release of oil for a gentle ride. There are two major factors that limits the heights that they can travel and be used for. The first factor is that hydraulic elevators require a substantial amount of energy to raise the car, and the second factor is they are much slower than other types of elevators. Because of these two factors, hydraulic elevators are only used on low-rise buildings, such as a senior’s home facility.

A traction elevator uses a system of ropes (steel cables) and pulleys to move the elevator car up and down. They are the most common types of elevator used today in high-rise buildings. The two main types of traction elevators are the gearless and gear driven. The main difference between the two is the gearless is much more efficient in high-rise buildings. It can be used in much higher buildings and moves faster than a gear driven elevator. The gear driven elevators are mostly used in low to mid-rise buildings due to their lower initial costs and adequate performance. Basically, the choice between the two types of elevators depends on the specific needs of the building and the intended use. Examples would be apartments, hotels, office buildings.

Both hydraulic and traction elevators can have a Machine Room-Less (MRL) or a Machine Room (MR). Machine roomless is used when they incorporate more compact hoisting sheaves. This allows the elevator to be lifted without a machine room required, and the machine room is located directly in the elevator hoist way. This provides the optimal use of space for the building design. A machine room traction elevator is typically located above the hoist way and with the hydraulic elevator it can be located at the bottom of the hoist way or in a room adjacent to the elevator bank.

Elevators are a very safe method of transportation and they move millions of people daily without any issues. But elevators can be dangerous if they are misunderstood and emergency operations are not followed. The best place for trapped occupants is inside the elevator car. Always make sure that an elevator mechanic has been called and en route. This will ensure a rapid response and any assistance to the crew if they are overwhelmed. Most of all always make sure that the ( LOTO ) Lock - Out, Tag - Out procedure is applied as elevators are a very large moving machine and they can move without any warning.

Stephen Hilton  has 21 yrs in the fire service, he’s currently working for the London Fire Dept. As a firefighter. He is a certified level II fire instructor working for Firestar Services and is a certified instructor with the IAFF Fireground Survival Program. He is a member of the London Fire Department Peer Support Team. You can reach Stephen at hilts6ff@yahoo.ca.

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By Nick Halmasy and Sara Stretton

SEARCHING FOR MEANING

Part 1: Introducing Sense of Coherence

If you have worked in fire for any bit of time, you undoubtedly have been confronted with the idea of “resilience”. This concept has become such a hallmark that there are multiple, large-scale programs marketed as resilience training programs, suggesting that the cure-all for mental health issues is…can you guess? To have more “resiliency”. There is no doubt that the broad concept of resilience is a crucial trait to have among firefighters who are chronically exposed to stressors and critical incidents. However, despite its popularity, the concept of resiliency lacks a comprehensive definition, conceptualization, and a validated measure within scientific literature (Aburn et al., 2016; Vella & Pai, 2019). This raises major concerns on the theory and methodology that resiliency training programs have been built on. All the while, there are other concepts that apply the broad concept of resilience, but, unlike “resiliency”, they have comprehensive definitions and validated measures. Let us introduce you to one of these concepts — the Sense of Coherence (SOC). It does not sound as catchy as “resiliency” and sounds far more complicated but let us assure you, it fills many ambiguous gaps of the of “resiliency”- thank goodness!

WHAT IS SENSE OF COHERENCE?

The concept of SOC was introduced in 1979, by Aaron Antonovsky. He describes SOC as someone’s ability to adapt and overcome psychological stressors and predicts that one’s ability to cope with these stressors will move them toward a state of health or disease (Mittelmark & Bauer, 2017). The strength of someone’s SOC is hypothesized to be built from people’s life experiences (e.g., social, cultural, historical) and lays the foundation for them to effectively avoid or combat stress (Eriksson, 2017; Mittelmark & Bauer, 2017). Antonovsky describes three main components that create a strong SOC: comprehensibility (i.e., ability to understand why a stressful event occurred), manageability (i.e., belief you can manage the stressful event and fallout), and meaningfulness (i.e., ability to find meaning in/from the stressful event) (Eriksson, 2017). He

suggests someone with a strong SOC can adapt to and recover from stressful events more effectively and will move toward a positive state of mental and physical health as a result (Eriksson, 2017). Alternatively, someone with a weak SOC is said to be unable to successfully manage stressful events and will move toward a negative state of disease (mental and or physical) (Eriksson, 2017). For example, a firefighter’s “historical” experience(s) that build their SOC may include critical incident exposure, where they had the opportunity to adapt, cope, and recover from this experience. If they successfully coped with this event, their SOC would be strengthened, and they are hypothesized to be able to overcome adverse events easier and more efficiently in the future, as they have developed coping strategies and strengthen their belief that they can manage stressful events. It might sound like this is all mysterious and new – but, if any of you have ever read Man’s Search for Meaning by Viktor Frankyl, you’ve already been exposed to the ideas!

LITERATURE ON SOC IN FIREFIGHTERS AND PSP

There is limited research on SOC and fire fighting, and more broadly public safety personnel, and how it relates to their mental health. To our knowledge, there are six published studies on the relationship between SOC and mental health outcomes among firefighters and eight among police officers and paramedics (Stretton et al., 2022). From these papers, the research suggests that there are medium to small associations

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between lower SOC and adverse mental health outcomes, namely, PTSD, depression, anxiety, work stress, and burnout (Dudek & Koniarek, 2000; Dudek & Szymczak, 2011; Ogińska-Bulik, 2005; Schäfer et al., 2020; Schnell et al., 2020). This means that while these studies show some promise, more research is needed to fully understand the connection between SOC and fire fighting. Luckily, our friends in health care have significantly more research behind them. Across various studies they found that high SOC was associated with lower levels of stress, depression, burnout, and PTSD and higher levels of job satisfaction, well-being, and quality of life (del-Pino-Casado et al., 2019; González-Siles et al., 2022; Masanotti et al., 2020). Across all professions, these studies show that SOC may act as a protective factor against adverse mental health outcomes; but as always, more research is needed.

FIREFIGHTERS SEARCH FOR MEANING

In the research world, resilience is plagued with a core problem, which isn’t likely going to go away anytime soon - consensus on the definition. With so many people having dipped their toes into the undefined resilience water, trying to determine what I might mean when I say resilience versus what you might mean, is like two ships passing in the night. That whirlpool of argumentation, while extremely important and requires an answer, has the folks spinning around suffering in the meantime.

We’re often told to look to history to try and understand our current times. Historically, we weren’t as connected, weren’t as plugged in, and certainly weren’t overwhelmed with information. Yet, we have quite a historical pool to fish in for inspiration and insight into current struggles for firefighters. If there was any place that would be the last place to look for hope and resilience, it would be in the atrocities of the Holocaust. Despite this bleak and hellish circumstance, to say the least, Dr. Victor Frankl did find resilience.

Man’s Search for Meaning should be a required reading for anyone looking to build any type of resistive skill set for the mental and physical tribulations of life. Dr. Frankl paints a devastating picture of the unimaginable pain of what it was like to be a prisoner in Nazi concentration camps. Then he suggests the seemingly impos-

KEY POINTS

• Resilience Training Programs: The concept of resilience is crucial for firefighters, but it lacks a comprehensive definition and validated measure within scientific literature. This raises concerns about the foundation of resilience training programs.

• Sense of Coherence (SOC): Introduced by Aaron Antonovsky in 1979, SOC is someone’s ability to adapt and overcome psychological stressors. It includes three main components: comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness.

• Research on SOC: There is limited research on SOC among firefighters and public safety personnel. Studies suggest medium to small associations between lower SOC and adverse mental health outcomes like PTSD, depression, anxiety, work stress, and burnout. More research is needed to fully understand the connection between SOC and firefighting; however, results from other high stress occupations show similar results and promise.

• Practical Application: While there is no certain evidence that SOC alone can make someone resilient, it provides a framework with definable edges and identifiable skills. In Part 2, we aim to identify how firefighters may develop their SOC.

sible, that people must remain hopeful in order to survive.

In Part 2, we’ll marry the research of Sense of Coherence with some practical pieces that you can do in your own life to attempt to develop the skill sets that SOC brings to the table. We don’t have any solid evidence that this, alone, may make you resilient in terms of perseverance, bouncing back, or growth. Instead, we can offer a framework that has more definable edges, identifiable skills, and a very real, practical case study to lean into.

REFERENCES

Aburn, G., Gott, M., & Hoare, K. (2016). What is resilience? An Integrative Review of the empirical literature. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(5), 980–1000. https://doi. org/10.1111/jan.12888

del-Pino-Casado, R., Espinosa-Medina, A., López-Martínez, C., & Orgeta, V. (2019). Sense of coherence, burden and mental health in caregiving: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 242, 14–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JAD.2018.08.002

Dudek, B., & Koniarek, J. (2000). Relationship between sense of coherence and post traumatic stress disorder symptoms among firefighters in International Journal o f Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health (Vol. 13, Issue 4).

Dudek, B., & Szymczak, W. (2011). The role of cognitive schemata in the development of posttraumatic stress disorder: Results of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 24(1), 29–35. https://doi. org/10.2478/s13382-011-0010-6

Eriksson, M. (2017). The Sense of Coherence in the Salutogenic Model of Health. In The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Springer International Publishing. https:// doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04600-6_11

Fossion, P., Leys, C., Kempenaers, C., Braun, S., Verbanck, P., & Linkowski, P. (2014). Disentangling Sense of Coherence and Resilience in case of multiple traumas. Journal of Affective Disorders, 160, 21–26. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.02.029

González-Siles, P., Martí-Vilar, M., González-Sala, F., Merino-Soto, C., & Toledano-Toledano, F. (2022). Sense

of Coherence and Work Stress or Well-Being in Care Professionals: A Systematic Review. Healthcare, 10(7), 1347. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10071347

Masanotti, G. M., Paolucci, S., Abbafati, E., Serratore, C., & Caricato, M. (2020). Sense of Coherence in Nurses: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(6):1861. https://doi. org/10.3390/ijerph17061861

Mittelmark, M. B., & Bauer, G. F. (2017). The Meanings of Salutogenesis. In The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-31904600-6_2

Ogińska-Bulik, N. (2005). The role of personal and social resources in preventing adverse health outcomes in employees of uniformed professions in International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health (Vol. 18, Issue 3).

Schäfer, S. K., Sopp, M. R., Staginnus, M., LassHennemann, J., & Michael, T. (2020). Correlates of mental health in occupations at risk for traumatization: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), 335. https:// doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02704-y

Schnell, T., Suhr, F., & Weierstall-Pust, R. (2020). Posttraumatic stress disorder in volunteer firefighters: influence of specific risk and protective factors. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/200081 98.2020.1764722

Stretton, S.M., MacDermid, J.C., Posluszny, K.M., Sinden, K.E., & Walton, D. (2022, September 14 to 16). The sense of coherence and mental health among first responders: A scoping review and critical analysis of causation [Conference presentation]. Canadian Association for Research on Work and Health, Virtual. https://carwh. ca/2022-carwh-conference/

Vella, S.-L., & Pai, N. (2019). A theoretical review of psychological resilience: Defining resilience and resilience research over the decades. Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences, 7(2), 233. https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs. amhs_119_19

Sara is a PhD candidate at Western University in the department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, under the supervision of Dr. Joy MacDermid. Her research areas include chronic stress, occupational stressors, and mental wellness strategies. Sara’s current research undertaking focuses on the link between stress and heart disease among firefighters. Nick Halmasy is a registered psychotherapist who spent a decade in the fire service. He is the founder of After the Call, an organization that provides first responders with mental health information. Contact him at nhalmasy@afterthecall.org.

By Jared Dodds

EMPOWERING fire fighting’s next generation

Gulf Islands Fire Rescue Cadet Camp celebrates 20-year anniversary

The Gulf Islands Fire Rescue Cadet Camp, hosted by Pender Island Fire Rescue (PIFR) in B.C., is celebrating its 20th year. The camp provides 16 cadets, aged 15 to 18, with an immersive, hands-on training experience in collaboration with Salt Spring Island Fire Rescue, the RCMP, B.C. Emergency Health Services and other emergency response partners. Fire Fighting in Canada associate editor Jared

Dodds sat down with PIFR Fire Chief Mike Dine, who launched the first camp in 2005, to learn about its history, the impact the camp has had on participants, the department and the community it serves.

How did you get started with the fire service?

I started later in my life when my wife and I moved to Pender Island in 1998, at which point I was immediately recruited by the local fire department. As soon as I started I realized this is all I wanted to do. A few years later, there was a full-time career position, and I was able to get that.

What led to the creation of the Gulf Islands Fire Rescue Cadet Camp?

My first career position here was as assistant chief, and one of my primary responsibilities at that time was training, including being tasked with building an entirely new training program. That process exposed me to a camp that was going on in Comox, B.C., with Chief [Gord] Schreiner, which I found incredible.

I ended up reaching out to them and going up there talking with them, and they

shared an old-fashioned VHS tape, and that was it, that was the hook. I just couldn’t think of anything more fantastic than doing a camp like that – it’s something I wish was there when I was a teenager.

I came back to our department here, completely stoked about the idea, and after talking with a couple of officers we decided to give it a go. Turned out we didn’t have quite enough kids to actually run a camp on Pender Island, so we had to stretch out a little bit and ended up inviting some of the other school districts and were able to bolster our ranks so that we could run a class.

What stood out about the idea of this camp that had you so hooked and confident it would be a good idea for your community and department?

There are several levels as to what motivates people to put on a camp and to participate in the training. It is run by about 40 volunteers, so it’s certainly not something people are

doing for monetary gain.

At least on the surface of it, recruiting was the main reason or justification for doing the camp. Certainly, when I was communicating with my board of directors, I put that in the pitch – this camp will get the next generation involved in fire and emergency services.

But underlying that, for most of the volunteers, this is for the kids. It is a huge opportunity for us to show them what we do and see this metamorphosis from these young people. Fire training is a great vehicle for instilling confidence and self-esteem. You can’t not feel a little bit better about yourself after you go put a fire out. You go into that burning building, you come out, you feel pretty good. Or you repel down the side of the host tower, and think to yourself, “yeah I was terrified, but I did it.”

The confidence, the self-esteem, the drive, the benefits of hard work, those kinds of values are what we’re able to give them. For some of them, they don’t always have an opportunity in their lives to see that. I always tell them on

the first day, “I know that most of you have never worked an eight-hour day, and our first day here is going to be 14 hours.” Completing that is, in and of itself, a huge accomplishment.

What impact has the camp had on your department?

After 20 years, this camp has a life of its own. When you see the support, the morale and the camaraderie that happens with these trainers working together for this week, it truly is phenomenal. It’s something I wish I could recreate in our week-to-week department training!

Right now, almost 100 per cent of the people that are teaching this program are alumni, having either taught at the first couple of camps or participated as cadets themselves. That reflects the impact the program has had on the department.

Have you seen a similar positive impact in the community?

This is another element that is super important,

as the camp has been a big part of the department building social equity with the community. When we first got started, that element wasn’t even on our peripheral, but it’s been one of the most significant impacts outside of the positive growth for the kids. The amount of goodwill we have developed in our community from running this camp is phenomenal. People come up and hug me, even if it’s not their kids in this camp.

Our population in the Gulf Islands is aging, and when they see those kids marching down the roadway at seven o’clock in the morning, it has a tremendous impact on them. I didn’t have any idea that was going to happen, and while it was quite accidental it has been hugely beneficial to the department.

The way I always think of it is every time you do things like this, you’re putting a nickel in the jar, building up that piggy bank full of equity. Well, we’ve put a lot of nickels in over

Through your 20 years running the camp, what has remained constant and what has changed?

The thing that I see every year that never changes is this growth that happens with the young people that come here. Each one of them, in some way, faces some kind of challenge that they overcome, and they always look a lot stronger when they leave. From the very first camp, that’s been the most impressive outcome from my perspective, and while I haven’t canvassed all the instructors, I would gamble that they would say the same thing. That’s what keeps them coming back, giving up their holiday and working 14-hour days.

The biggest change to me from day one to now is the camp is really carrying itself and has taken on life of its own. In the beginning it feels like you’re pushing and pushing, sitting on the phone at six in the morning trying to get

anyone to help me run this thing. Now it has all this momentum and I have a group of people sitting at the door waiting for me when I get in in the morning.

What are your biggest hopes for the camp moving forward?

I would love to see the camp expand and have some larger departments host similar programs. It’s a big load for little Pender Island to carry, and I recognize it’s a big project for any department to take on. But this year when we had to turn away 100 kids, and in my ideal world that wouldn’t be happening.

I recognize all of the problems that can arise from putting together a camp like this, the logistics, even maintaining a complete set of turnout gear for the cadets, but the value to the kids, the department and the community makes it worth it.

What message would you send to chiefs across the country who are considering launching their own cadet camp?

On a base level, running camps like this will benefit your department’s recruiting. We’ve taught 180 cadets over the last 20 years, and 50 of them have become involved in emergency services in a meaningful way. That is a key part of your pitch when you are going to your council, selling the motivation for people to enter emergency services, the benefits to the community and the social capital you’ll be able to build.

But in reality, these programs are so much more important on a personal level. Most firefighters do this job because they want to help people, and I think most fire chiefs that step up to that job are not doing it for the glory but instead are driven by a feeling of altruism. The camp fulfills those motivations in spades. You constantly are seeing the impact on these young people, and day-in and day-out you can see you’re making a difference.

By Joel Johnson

STEPPING INTO THE ARENA

Team Rubicon Canada helps communities prepare for and recover from wildfire

When disaster strikes, lives are often thrown into chaos. Wildfires, floods, and hurricanes don’t just damage homes, they force people to flee, disrupt communities, and leave individuals and families facing an uncertain future. The road to recovery is long, exhausting, and often unclear. No one should have to walk it alone. That’s where Team Rubicon Canada (TR Canada) steps into the arena.

A veteran-led disaster response organization, TR Canada brings together military veterans, first responders, and passionate volunteers—Greyshirts—who step in to help communities rebuild when they need it most.

TR Canada doesn’t replace emergency responders or firefighters. Instead, the organization focuses on using the unique skills and experience of Greyshirts in disaster recovery and mitigation by clearing debris, assisting homeowners, and providing hands-on support as communities begin to heal. At its core, TR Canada is built on a strong culture of service that values stepping into the arena, leading with purpose, and taking action to complete its mission, all at no cost to the residents.

THE BEGINNING: FORT MCMURRAY (2016)

Team Rubicon Canada’s story began with the Fort McMurray wildfires in 2016, one of the most devastating disasters in the country’s history. As more than 88,000 people evacuated, the newly established Canadian Greyshirt teams mobilized

ABOVE Greyshirts on location!

to help. Volunteers sifted through the ashes in the aftermath, helping families recover personal belongings, clear debris, and start rebuilding.

Since then, TR Canada has continued to grow. Under the leadership of Bryan Riddell, a Canadian Army and Special Forces veteran who became CEO in 2018, the organization has expanded to over 4,000 volunteers nationwide. Its mission remains clear: no community should face disaster alone.

With wildfires becoming more frequent and severe across the country, TR Canada has prioritized both wildfire mitigation and post-fire recovery. While the organization does not fight fires, it plays a critical role in supporting those who do and in making communities safer and more resilient.

A key part of this work involves Sawyer teams. These are volunteers trained in chainsaw operations to remove hazardous trees, clear brush, and create firebreaks. They help reduce fire risks before disaster strikes and support cleanup efforts afterward. Safety is a top priority, and every volunteer completes specialized training to ensure operations are carried out safely, effectively and responsibly.

STEPPING INTO THE ARENA: JASPER (2024)

Wildfires don’t just affect landscapes. They change lives. In 2024, when fires tore through Jasper, Alta., residents lost their homes, businesses, and sense of security. Some TR Canada volunteers were also person-

ally affected by the fire, yet despite their own losses, they put on their Greyshirts and stepped up to support their neighbours.

“After being evacuated from the wildfire and feeling the separation and heartbreak from our community, giving back to the town I love has been both healing and inspiring,” reflected Greyshirt, Debbie-Lynn. “I’ve learned that even when it seems like all is lost in the ashes, most often a token of hope or closure remains. It truly is an honour to participate in this journey.”

TR Canada teams worked in Jasper for more than six weeks, alongside local officials, community members, and other humanitarian organizations. They helped homeowners recover valuables from the ashes, cleared debris, and brought a sense of stability in a time of chaos and loss.

MORE THAN A MISSION: A COMMUNITY OF PURPOSE

For veterans, first responders, and volunteers, TR Canada is more than just an organization. It’s a place of belonging, found identity and renewed purpose. Many veterans and first responders leaving their service miss the structure, teamwork, and mission-driven mindset that defined their careers. TR Canada offers a way to channel those skills and experience into meaningful action and there is a place for everyone.

“Disasters don’t just take a toll on communities; they take a toll on the people who respond,” said Riddell. “At TR Canada, veterans and first responders find more than just a mission. They find camaraderie, a team that understands them, and a way to continue serving others. This isn’t

A NEW GENERATION OF EQUIPMENT FOR A NEW GENERATION OF WILDFIRES

just disaster relief. It’s personal for every Greyshirt who puts on that shirt and steps into the field.”

Many Greyshirts describe their volunteer experience as finding a team again—a group where discipline, action, and service drive the mission forward. Whether responding to wildfires in Alberta or B.C., flooding in Ontario, or hurricanes in the Maritimes, Greyshirts know they are part of something bigger than themselves.

IT MATTERS

Disasters wait for no one, and when they strike, communities need support. Team Rubicon Canada exists to fill the gap. Greyshirts provide the extra hands and boots on the ground when people need it most. Whether it’s clearing storm debris, mucking out flooded homes, or supporting wildfire-affected communities, TR Canada steps into the arena.

At its core, TR Canada is about people helping people—veterans finding renewed purpose, first responders applying their skills in new ways, and volunteers making a real impact. Together, they bring hope and help communities build long-term resilience.

Canada’s wildfire seasons aren’t slowing down, and neither is Team Rubicon Canada. To learn more, get involved, or support the mission, visit teamrubicon.ca.

Joel Johnson is the director of brand and communications for Team Rubicon Canada.

2025 NATIONAL SUPPLIERS DIRECTORY

CANADA

BC (British Columbia)

AB (Alberta)

SK (Saskatchewan)

MB (Manitoba)

ON (Ontario)

QC (Quebec)

PE (Prince Edward Island)

NL (Newfoundland & Labrador)

NB (New Brunswick)

NS (Nova Scotia)

NT (Northwest Territories)

NU (Nunavut)

YT (Yukon)

1200 DEGREES ONTARIO

402 Harmony Road

Ayr ON N0B 1E0

Tel: 800-254-0249

Toll free: 800-254-0249

Web: www.1200-degrees.com

Ontario’s exclusive E-One fire apparatus dealer; providing sales, refurbishments, maintenance, and repairs. The company also supplies industry-leading fire equipment, including Holmatro Extrication Tools, Draeger SCBA & Gas Detection, FLIR Thermal Imaging Cameras, Fire-Dex PPE, Niedner Hose, F500 Foam & Encapsulator, Bridgehill Fire Blankets, is the Akron Brass master dealer, the Hale pump factory authorized service team, DriveOn authorized and so much more. We are the industry leaders in Annual NFPA Testing services, servicing all makes/models, with expert mobile and in-shop service, and access to over 40 OEM’s & aftermarket parts brands. 1200 Degrees Ontario ensures fire departments keep their apparatus in peak condition. To support our recent growth, the company is investing $5 million in a new dealership in Brant County, set to open in Spring of 2026, further expanding service capacity and sales capabilities. With a skilled team, top-tier products, and a commitment to service, 1200 Degrees Ontario is a trusted partner for fire departments across Ontario.

AIR TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CANADA INC.

251 Queen St. S., Ste. 512 Mississauga ON L5M 1L7

Tel: 905-826-6682

Toll free: 866-735-1480

Fax: 866-511-6904

Web: www.airmation.ca

Air Technology Solutions is dedicated to our Clients, offering updated, timely, full service Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) solutions. Air quality concerns are mitigated using a unique combination of professional indoor air quality assessment coupled with solutions. Off the shelf or customized site specific air cleaning equipment is available to resolve IAQ issues. Our technical experts review client requirements and budgetary availability. The finest appropriate air cleaning systems are provided. Air Technology Solutions is a leader in Diesel Exhaust Remediation and is the ONLY environmental tested and proven filtration system to exceed standards: NFPA, NIOSH, OSHA and ASHRAE. Building and facility managers, business owners, contractors, architects, and engineers have been working with Air Technology Solutions since 1986 to resolve IAQ needs. Employee and personnel safety and health are key issues. Breathing safe air in the workplace is of utmost importance. We provide global customized solutions to control contaminants, pollutants and odours in your facility. We look forward to servicing your requirements.

Serving All of Canada

AKRON BRASS COMPANY

343 Venture Blvd.

Wooster OH 44691

Tel: 330-264-5678

Web: www.akronbrass.com

Akron Brass Company is a leading global manufacturer of high performance firefighting products engineered and tested for superior fire suppression and emergency response. Products include nozzles, monitors, valves, scene and vehicle lighting, vehicle electronics, reels, hand tools, engineered solutions, and other firefighting equipment. Leading the industry for over 100 years!

BATTLESHIELD INDUSTRIES LIMITED

347 Corduroy Road

Vars ON K0A 3H0

Tel: 613-443-1911

Toll free: 855-539-1911

Web: www.battleshield.ca

From concept, design to delivery, this Canadian owned and operated company has become a leader in the emergency vehicle service and manufacturing industry. Battleshield is equipped to provide on-site laser cutting and bending services to meet customers’ individual needs. We specialize in manufacturing custom pumpers, tankers, pumper tankers, pumper rescue, rescue units and custom refurbishments of any apparatus.

In addition, Battleshield is a onestop shop for part sales, annual mobile pump testing, repairs, and preventative maintenance of all makes and models with a 24/7 emergency service. Our team encompasses highly specialized technicians (310T, 310S, EVT, CWB, CAN/ULC, pump and electrical technicians), full-time engineers as well as passionate volunteer firefighters which is one of the company’s greatest strengths.

BEARSPAW PROTECTAPUMPSEPARATORS

927A Goldstream Ave

Victoria British Columbia V9B 2Y2

Tel: 778-404-7385

Web: protectapump.com

Since 2016, BearsPaw, based in BC, Canada, has pioneered innovative water extraction technology with Canadian fire professionals. Their flagship product, the Separator, revolutionizes firefighting by drawing water from sources as shallow as 4 inches, overcoming traditional strainer limitations. Designed for rural and wildfire-prone areas, this “Mobile Hydrant” protects pumps from debris, reduces downtime, and is trusted nationwide for its reliability.

Multiply Your Rural Water Sources Instantly with SEPARATORS @ ProtectaPump.com

Serving All of Canada

C-MAX FIRE SOLUTIONS

3040 Sawmill Rd., PO Box 425 St. Jacobs ON N0B 2N0 Tel: 519-664-3796

Web: www.c-max.ca

Canadian family owned and operated business that offers a higher standard of service and sales for all your Fire Apparatus needs. C-Max Fire Solutions offers 24 Hour service from EVT Technicians with fully stocked service trucks. We offer Pump testing and repairs to all makes and models. We offer ground ladder testing as per NFPA 1932. Aerial Inspections as per NFPA 1914. Supply and install lights and siren packages on your vehicles. C-Max is now factory authorized service center for Will-burt Light towers, and excited to be working with Fort Garry for warranty repairs in Ontario.

Serving ON

2025 NATIONAL SUPPLIERS DIRECTORY

CANADIAN SAFETY EQUIPMENT INC.

#3 – 2865 Argentia Rd.

Mississauga ON L5N 8G6

Tel: 905-826-2740

Toll free: 800-265-0182

Fax: 905-272-1866

Web: www.cdnsafety.com

We supply Industrial and Fire SCBA’s, SCBA Decon Washer, Thermal Cameras, CAF Systems, Fall Protection, Bunker Gear, Fire and Rescue and Ballistic helmets, Fire Hose, Communications Equipment, Nozzles, Fittings, Hazmat Suits, Ventilation Fans, Gas Detectors, Confined Space Rescue Equipment, Water and Ice Rescue equipment, Industrial and Municipal Safety and Lone Worker Protection systems.

CARL THIBAULT FIRE TRUCKS INC.

38 Thibault St.

Pierreville QC J0G 1J0

Tel: 450-568-7020

Fax: 450-568-3049

Web: www.thibaultfiretrucks.com

We are a Canadian based company and we manufacture a full line of fire apparatus which includes aerial ladders, pumpers, tankers, rescue units and vacuum tankers. We provide parts and other related products.

Serving All of Canada

COMMERCIAL EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT CO.

591 Chester Road

Delta BC V3M 6G7

Tel: 877-443-2626

Toll free: 800-665-6126

Web: www.comemerg.ca

Commercial Emergency Equipment is Canada’s expert supplier of emergency equipment. Commercial is the authorized dealer for Pierce, BME Fire Trucks, Maximetal, and Oshkosh Airport Products apparatus from Ontario to BC including all Canadian Territories. With a 75-year history, 350+ employees across Canada in six main branches, and 270,000+ sq. ft. of combined production and service space, Commercial has an unmatched parts, service, training, testing, and support network for emergency apparatus. Commercial provides its customers access to industryleading service and support including mobile EVT’s, pump testing, annual inspections and maintenance, a significant stock of on-the-shelf parts, 24/7 emergency service and more. We warehouse an extensive inventory of OEM and aftermarket parts, tools, and equipment ensuring quick delivery and reduced downtime to our customers.

Serving AB|BC|MB|NT|NU|ON|SK|YT

CSE INCENDIE ET SÉCURITÉ INC.

5651 Chemin St-Francois

St. Laurent QC H4S 1W6

Tel: 514-737-2280

Toll free: 866-737-2280

Fax: 514-737-2751

Web: www.cseis.com

We supply Industrial and Fire, SCBA’S, SCBA Decon Washers, Gear Extractors and Dryers, Thermal Cameras, CAF Systems, Fall Protection, Bunker Gear, Fire, Rescue and Ballistic Helmets, Fire Hose, Communications Equipment, Nozzles, Fittings, Hazmat Suits, Ventilation Fans, Gas Detectors, Confined Space Rescue Equipment, High Angle Rescue Equipment, Ice and Water rescue equipment, Boots and Gloves. Everything for Fire Fighting, EMS, Law Enforcement, Industrial and Municipal Safety and Lone Worker Protection Systems.

D&R ELECTRONICS CO/ LTD

8820 George Bolton Parkway Bolton ON L7E 2Y4

Tel: 905-951-9997

Toll free: 800-538-7338

Web: www.dandrelectronics.com

D&R Electronics offers fleet vehicle solutions such as complex systems using mobile phones for desktop computing in vehicles to In-Vehicle Laptop/Tablet Mounting Solutions, In-Vehicle Printers and Printer Mounts, Equipment Consoles, Interior/Exterior LED Area/Scene/Work lighting, SAE Certified/NFPA Compliant LED Emergency Lighting, LED Traffic Director Kits, Basic and Fully Programmable Siren/Light Control Systems, Programmable Power Management Systems, Battery Protection Modules, Equipment Storage Solutions

D&R Electronics is an ISO 9001 Registered company that has been proudly designing and manufacturing emergency vehicle equipment in Canada since 1976. Serving All of Canada

DARLEY

325 Spring Lake Drive

Itasca IL 60143

Tel: 630-735-3500

Toll free: 800-323-0244

Web: www.darley.com

You serve others. We serve you.™ Founded in 1908, Darley provides the highest quality pump, technology, and equipment solutions for first responders around the world. With origins in Midwest manufacturing, Darley offers a complete line of unmanned systems, immersive training technology, equipment and pumps. More information is available at www.darley.com. Serving All of Canada

DEPENDABLE EMERGENCY VEHICLES

250 Clarence Street, Unit #2 Brampton ON L6W 1T4

Tel: 905-453-3473

Web: www. dependableemergencyvehicles.ca Dependable Emergency Vehicles builds high-quality, cost-effective emergency vehicles that have been proven in the emergency response industry for over 45 years.

Our facility includes multiple vehicle bays, sandblasting & paint facilities, indoor pump testing bays, a CNC laser cutting machine for custom metal projects, and a full-service repair shop for body work and refurbishment on all makes and models.

Our showroom provides a comfortable environment for our customers to get a hands-on experience with our emergency vehicles on display. Dependable is proud to be a part of the REV Family, through being the authorized dealer for Spartan Chassis, KME in Ontario, and the Ferrara line in all of Canada. Dependable Apparatus Partners, our newest division, is established to strengthen our customers relationship with the brands that we represent.

2025 NATIONAL SUPPLIERS DIRECTORY

FORT GARRY FIRE TRUCKS

LTD.

RR 2, 53 Bergen Cutoff Rd.

Winnipeg MB R3C 2E6

Tel: 204-594-3473

Toll free: 800-565-3473

Fax: 204-694-3230

Web: www.fgft.com

Fort Garry Fire Trucks is Canada’s oldest and largest manufacturer of high-quality fire apparatus, offering a complete line of pumpers, tankers, rescues, aerial devices, and custom-designed and engineered specialized units. With headquarters in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, our customers emanate from cities, towns, and municipalities throughout Canada, the U.S., and abroad with the harshest weather, climates, and terrain. We have one of the largest fire apparatus engineering departments among our competitors, dedicated to designing and producing equipment for the most extreme conditions in the world. We are the exclusive Canadian distributor of Sutphen Corporation aerial ladders and platforms. We truly build ‘One Tough Truck’ and boast over 105 years of quality.

COAST TO COAST SALES AND SERVICE NETWORK:

Brian Nash — Vice President –Sales – bnash@fgft.ca

Toll-Free: 1-800-565-3473 (ext. 3471) Cell: 204-981-7845

Chad Kamminga — Service & Warranty – ckamminga@fgft.ca

Toll-Free: 1-800-565-3473 Direct Phone: 204-594-3478

REGIONAL SALES

REPRESENTATIVES:

Atlantic Canada — Adam Baldwin – abaldwin@fgft.ca

Toll-Free: 1-800-565-3473 (ext. 2006); Cell: 902-888-9806

Northeastern Ontario, Eastern Ontario & Quebec — Peter Somerton – psomerton@fgft.ca

Toll-Free: 1-800-565-3473 (ext. 2005); Cell: 613-859-5747

Central & Southwestern Ontario — Jimmie Adam

Toll-Free: 1-800-565-3473; Cell: 613-264-7206

Manitoba, Saskatchewan & Northwestern Ontario — Chris Pilek– cpilek@fgft.ca

Toll-Free: 1-800-565-3473; Cell: 204-296-1915

Alberta — Taylor Young –tyoung@fgft.ca

Toll-Free: 1-800-565-3473 (ext. 3466); Cell: 204-298-9923

British Columbia — Al Anderson & Bryan Anderson – Fire Power Emergency Apparatus – alan@firepowerplus.com or bryan@firepowerplus.com

Phone: 1-250-668-2673 or 1-250327-1904

Northwest Territories — Rick Penner – rpenner@fgft.ca

Toll-Free: 1-800-565-3473 (ext. 2024); Cell: 204-981-5118

Manitoba / Northwestern Ontario / Nunavut Aboriginal / Northern Sales Manager — Ron Lavallee –rlavallee@fgft.ca

Toll-Free: 1-800-565-3473; Cell: 204-791-1167

Yukon — Gil Bradet – Nordique Fire Protection sales@nordiquefire.ca; Phone: 867-334-6603

United States (West) — Lloyd Hamilton – US Fire Equipment lloyd@usfireequipment.com; Phone: 253-863-1301

United States (East) — Philip Vander Molen – Vander Molen Fire Apparatus vmfire@verizon.net; Phone: 315952-7787

Serving All of Canada

FSI® NORTH AMERICA, A DIVISION OF FIRE SAFETY INTERNATIONAL INC.® 311 Abbe Road

Sheffield Lake, OH OH 44054

Tel: 440-949-2400

Fax: 404-949-2900

Web: WWW.FSINORTH.COM

FSI – Serving the Life Safety Market worldwide since 1997 FSI North America® is a Full line supplier of mobile, portable and fixed DAT® series hazmat decon shower systems that include traditional water/solution based decon from first responder to multi line mass casualty systems, electrostatic equipment only decon, and Far UVC 222nm Disinfection.

FSI® TEAS® (Temporary Emergency Air Shelters) shelter systems, offered in a broad range of size and configurations, for Command, Isolation, Drive Thru Flu/Covid Shot, Field Hospitals/ Alternate Care from 10-1,000 beds, Sleeping, Fire Fighter Rehab, and Temporary Morgues. FSI® offers a complete range of Isolation Chambers, Rooms, Shelters, and Bed/Chair systems. FSI® also offers a complete range of sizes and configurations of Trailer Systems, Rescue Boats, and EMS supplies such as the FSI Transporter Disposable Backboards, Triage Tape Systems, FSI Medical Field Cots, Trauma Kits, and Mortuary supplies such as body bags.

Serving All of Canada

HALE PRODUCTS INC.

607 NW 27th Ave.

Ocala FL 34475

Tel: 352-629-5020

Toll free: 800-533-3569

Web: www.haleproducts.com

Hale Products, Inc. is a leader in fire suppression pumps, plumbing, valves, CAFS, electronics, gauges and ES-key multiplexing systems. Committed to offering the highest level of service and performance for rescue personnel and truck manufacturers, Hale Products offers brands such as Hale, Class 1, Godiva and SAM. Hale Products is a trusted brand of IDEX Fire & Safety.

HOLMATRO, INC.

505 McCormick Dr. Glen Burnie MD 21061

Tel: 410-768-9662

Fax: 410-768-4878

Web: www.holmatro.com

Holmatro is the world’s leading rescue equipment supplier. Our equipment is used by first responders around the world in rescue, special tactics and industrial applications. With two high-tech production plants in North America and Netherlands, we maintain the strictest quality, safety and performance standards in the market.

At Holmatro, we are dedicated to developing innovative tools using leading technology. Our Pentheon Series is the newest line of battery powered equipment that offers users the unrestrained performance, unparalleled speed and ultimate control you have never experienced before. And with battery management made easy, you are always rescue ready! To see our newest products, schedule a demo and request more information, visit holmatro. com. You can count on us, for life. Serving All of Canada

2025 NATIONAL SUPPLIERS DIRECTORY

HURST

JAWS OF LIFE

711 North Post Road

Shelby NC 28150

Tel: 704-487-6961

Web: www.jawsoflife.com

HURST is the only manufacturer of the Jaws of Life® brand. There is no equal to saving lives. The company’s commitment to research and development and dedication to quality engineering and manufacturing has resulted in a line of innovative products known for outstanding safety, durability and performance.

HURST Jaws of Life Inc. is a unit of IDEX Corporation, an applied solutions company. For more information about HURST Jaws of Life, please visit www.jawsoflife. com.

IDEX

FIRE & SAFETY

711 N. Post Rd.

Shelby NC 28150

Tel: 800-537-2659

Web: www.idexfiresafety.com

IDEX Fire & Safety brings trusted brands together to deliver innovation in both customer experience and integrated solutions that revolutionize performance and technology to make the fire ground and rescue scene safer to save lives.

INDUSTRIES LAFLEUR INC.

2359 Fiset Blvd

Sorel-Tracy QC J3P 5K2

Tel: 450-743-3918

Fax: 450-743-3906

Web: www.industrieslafleur.com

Fire rescue trucks (walk-in and non walk-in rescue trucks)

Custom truck bodies

High quality since 1969

ISO 9001

CWB 47.1 & 47.2

KOCHEK CANADA

62 Bradwick Dr.,

Vaughan ON L4K 1K8

Tel: 416-602-0404

Web: www.kochek.com

sales@kochekcanada.com

Robin Lewis, Customer Service

laura@kochekcanada.com

Laura Kenyon, Regional Director Serving All of Canada

KURI TEC

140 Roy Blvd

Brantford ON N3R7K2

Tel: 519-753-6717

Web: www.kuritec.com

Kuri Tec, located in Brantford, Ontario, Canada, is part of the Kuriyama Group of Companies founded in 1939. Since 1984, Kuri Tec has provided quality hoses and accessories through a strong distributor network across the Canadian market.

Kuriyama Fire Products, a division of the Kuriyama Group, has been a trusted supplier of fire hose, fire nozzles, and fire accessories to firefighters worldwide for over 50 years. We offer equipment tailored to Municipal, Industrial, and Forestry firefighting needs, all designed to meet the highest standards of safety and reliability through NFPA and ULC. With an extensive product line that includes fire hoses, nozzles, and accessories like fire backpacks, we strive to deliver the best solutions for every firefighting situation. Whether it’s industrial, specialty, or firefighting applications, Kuri Tec provides top-quality products and exceptional service.

MAXIMETAL INC.

9345, 25e Ave

Saint-Georges, QC G6A 1L1

Tel: 418-228-6637

Toll free: 800-510-6337

Fax: 418-228-0493

Web: www.maximetal.com

MAXIMETAL, an Oshkosh Corporation company, is a dynamic, innovative company with 40 years’ experience designing and building optimized intervention vehicles for Fire & Emergency as well as Power & Utility customers. OUR MISSION: To support those who keep our families safe and comfortable by designing and building vehicles that stand out for their quality and ingenuity.

MAXIMETAL is represented by Canada’s most robust apparatus dealer network, coast-to-coast. Find your dealer here: www. maximetal.com/find-a-dealer/ Serving All of Canada

MATJACK/INDIANAPOLIS

INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS

2320 Duke St.

Indianapolis IN 46205

Tel: 317-359-3078

Toll free: 800-827-3755

Fax: 317-359-3079

Web: www.matjack.com

Manufacturer of Matjack airlift bags - 120/150 and 175 psi. high pressure along with flat lift HP airbags, medium and low pressure cushions, along with Jumbo Safelift cushion sets, a complete line of underwater air lift bags, Matsack Hazmat tank sealing equipment, Pipe sealing plugs and Hosecat- a firehose coupling and uncoupling assist tool.

Serving All of Canada

MISSOULA

2025 NATIONAL SUPPLIERS DIRECTORY

NEDERMAN CANADA

5865 McLaughlin Road Unit 1

Mississauga ON L5R 1B8

Tel: 866-332-2611

Web: www.nederman.com

With 80 years of experience and well over 100,000 installations, Nederman offers diesel exhaust extraction systems designed specifically for emergency and fire vehicles. From the planning and design stage to installation, commissioning and maintenance support Nederman is your clean air partner.

Nederman Magna Systems reliably capture 100% of dangerous diesel exhaust emissions with source capture technology that prevents fumes from traveling throughout the station. Exhaust fumes are removed right at the tailpipe – the most efficient method. Our system design supports ergonomic attachments and quick-release when speed is required for fast station exits. Magna Systems have no coiled hoses or loops and saves space between trucks.

Nederman’s wide variety of product solutions are trusted at thousands of fire stations around the world with high quality construction and exceptional performance that maximized protection.

Serving All of Canada

ONTARIO FIRE TRUCK INC.

1397 Old Hwy. 99

Dundas ON L9H 5E3

Tel: 905-628-3324

Toll free: 800-474-6698

Web: www.ontariofiretruck.com

Ontario Fire Truck Inc. is Ontario’s first choice for Fire Apparatus Service & Sales. We are your first and only call for Fire Apparatus Service, Sales & Testing! We offer you the finest repairs in the industry; we offer a 24 hour, 7 days a week service. All of our service staff is fully licensed Class “A” & “T” both provincially and EVT certified. We are fully insured and have over 30 years experience combined to provide the best service at your location. Our fully stocked mobile service trucks travel all over Ontario! Why take your truck anywhere, we come to you for both Service and Testing! Our Sales staff has over 70 years combined experience in the fire industry, we offer only the finest Seagrave fire apparatus, and Our Company believes only the best will do! We are the authorized sales and Service Company for Seagrave fire apparatus and equipment companies. “The bitterness of poor quality remains, long after the sweetness of low price is forgotten”

Serving All of Canada

NFPA

c/o Firehall Bookstore, PO Box 530, 105 Donly Dr. S. Simcoe ON N3Y 4N5

Tel: 877-267-3473

Fax: 877-624-1940

Web: www.firehallbookstore.com

Canadian distributor for NFPA standards, Fire Prevention Week™, Sparky the Fire Dog® and other public education items.

Serving All of Canada

PERIMETER SOLUTIONS

8000 Maryland Ave., Suite 350 Clayton MO 63105 Tel: 314-396-7343 Web: www.perimeter-solutions. com

Perimeter Solutions (NYSE: PRM) is a leading global manufacturer of high-quality fire retardants, firefighting foam concentrates, and firefighting equipment. We trace our roots back to 1963, when the USDA Forest Service first approved our PHOS-CHEK® long-term fire retardant for use in aerial firefighting. We expanded our portfolio over the years, and in 1988 we introduced PHOS-CHEK WD881, a Class A firefighting foam that has become one of the industry’s most widely used Class A foams. With our 2014 acquisition of Auxquimia and 2018 acquisition of Solberg, we broadened our offering further, becoming a global leader in fluorine-free Class B firefighting foam technology. We characterize the solutions we develop as ‘Trusted Solutions That Save’ because it underscores what we do for our customers and the world at large. Learn more about our full portfolio of solutions, including our advanced firefighting foam and fire retardant equipment, at www.perimetersolutions.com/en/.

Serving All of Canada

READY RACK BY GROVES INCORPORATED

818 Trakk Lane

Woodstock IL 60098

Tel: 815-337-9780

Fax: 815-338-8640

Web: www.readyrack.com

At Ready Rack, we engineer customizable PPE storage systems from wall-mounted, mobile, and freestanding lockers to heavy-duty hose and bottle racks — all meticulously crafted from robust tubular steel for years of durable station organization. We also offer Decon Ready™ sciencebased decontamination solutions alongside our highly specialized extractors and dryers. Ready Rack is the single source of innovative PPE solutions for any house. For more information contact your local Canadian Distributor. We proudly serve All of Canada. Serving All of Canada

ROCKY MOUNTAIN PHOENIX

Head Office: 6415 Golden West Ave. Red Deer AB T4P 3X2

Tel: 403-347-7045

Toll free: 800-494-4210

Fax: 403-347-7049

Web: www.rockymountainphoenix.com

Rocky Mountain Phoenix is your one-stopshop for top-of-the-line innovative fire truck and fire equipment products and services. We offer a comprehensive line of emergency apparatus and emergency equipment, brands you know and trust; Rosenbauer, MSA, Innotex, CET Fire Pumps, HURST Jaws of Life, Akron Brass, Haix, Key Hose, MSA Cairns, Task Force Tips, Ready Rack, Firecraft and many more.

We service what we sell. We provide 24/7 service for all your emergency fire apparatus and fire equipment through our Shop Service and Mobile Service. Annual fire pump testing, fire truck and fire equipment service and repairs for British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, PEI and all of Canada’s Arctic.

Visit Us: www.rockymountainphoenix.com

BRANCHES:

103-2285 Queen St. Abbotsford, BC V2T 6T3

Tel: 604-864-7303 | Fax: 604-864-4938 | Toll Free: 1-888-815-0500

320 Logan Rd. Bridgewater, NS B4V 3J8

Tel: 902-298-0415 | T

Serving AB|BC|MB|NB|NS|NT|NU|PE|SK|YT

ROLLNRACK, LLC

PO Box 328

Mukwonago WI 53149

Tel: 262-565-7833

Fax: 262-363-2034

Web: www.rollnrack.com

THE ROLLNRACK HOSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM is customizable for your firefighters. Streamline hose management with a priority on safety and efficiency. The Power Roller can drain and roll a 100’ length of LDH in 30 seconds. LDH rolls are rocked into or out of the units. Hose rolls are loaded with two firefighters onto stationary rigs improving safety. No one rides on moving rigs when loading hose. Our Efficiency Package saves you money. The FASTBACK will roll up either hand lines or forestry hose. THE ROLLNRACK SYSTEM improves your firefighter’s quality of life immediately. MADE IN THE USA. Serving All of Canada

Trained Technicians

The Easiest Charger to Install Yet

2025 NATIONAL SUPPLIERS DIRECTORY

SUPER VAC

3842 Redman Drive

Fort Collins CO 80524

Tel: 970-297-7100

Fax: 970-297-7099

Web: www.supervac.com

A one-stop shop for all things ventilation, Super Vac offers the largest lineup of PPVs, spanning from 8- to 80-inch blades, as well as smoke ejectors, rescue saws, rehab misters, smoke curtains and more. Super Vac’s lineup includes its popular battery fan that works with DeWalt, Makita, Milwaukee and HURST batteries.

Serving All of Canada

SVI TRUCKS

3842 Redman Dr.

Fort Collins CO 80524

Tel: 970-297-7100

Toll free: 888-784-1112

Fax: 970-297-7099

Web: www.svitrucks.com

SVI Trucks, a Super Vacuum Manufacturing Company located in Fort Collins, Colo., builds custom fire apparatus, including rescue trucks, hazma units, command vehicles, fire engines, tanker trucks, law enforcement vehicles and more. To see SVI’s full fleet, visit svitrucks.com. To browse drawings, features and specifications of a truck, visit SVI’s Apparatus pages and click on any truck image.

Serving All of Canada

VALLFIREST

1925 Co Rd 54G

Fort Collins CO 80524

Tel: 463-549-1650

Web: www.vftnorthamerica.com

Introducing Vallfirest North America, a pioneering force in frontline wildfire solutions. Our mission is a commitment to safeguarding lives, property, critical infrastructure and ecological balance.

Headquartered in Fort Collins, Colorado, with product representatives and distribution centers across Canada, our cutting-edge tools and modern equipment solutions support wildland firefighters to address evolving wildfire challenges in North America. It is all part of the global benchmark of the Vallfirest brand.

Collaboration is key. We actively engage with wildfire agencies, emergency first responders

and private industry experts to constantly refine our approach. This ensures our wildfire innovations remain at the forefront, to support fire responders in protecting communities, critical infrastructure and surrounding ecosystems from wildfires.

Strengthening our commitment and dedication to the North American wildfire effort, is our distribution center in Colorado. Strategically located, it enables rapid, efficient product support and service throughout the United States and Canada. The Vallfirest North America facility enables us to promptly deliver crucial equipment, tools and protective gear during crises to support continuous operations.

Vallfirest North America goes beyond products; we are resilience partners, fortifying communities and natural environments. Join us at the forefront of wildfire technology, where innovation meets reliability. To learn more, please visit: www.vftnorthamerica.com #TheWildfireCompany.

SANDBAGS

VECTOR SOLUTIONS

10805 Rancho Bernardo Rd, Suite 200 San Diego CA 92127

Tel: 519-820-7751

Toll free: 877-944-6372

Fax: 858-487-8762

Web: www.vectorsolutions.com

Vector Solutions delivers the industry’s most comprehensive suite of software for operational readiness. The platform includes tools for managing training, operations, assets, and staffing. With Vector Solutions you can track Fire and EMS training requirements, compliance tasks, mandatory inspections, controlled substances, employee scheduling, live skills assessments, and much more. Find us online at www. vectorsolutions.com/fire.

Serving All of Canada

WATERAX INC.

6635 Henri-Bourassa W. Montreal QC H4R 1E1

Tel: 514-637-1818

Toll free: 855-616-1818

Web: www.waterax.com

Trusted by wildland firefighters around the world, WATERAX sets the industry standard by developing innovative, portable fire pumps and water-handling equipment designed to withstand demanding applications and rugged environments. With a time-tested legacy of reliability, WATERAX carries on its mission to place powerful, precision engineered pumps into the hands of the men and women who need to move water to protect our forests and most cherished natural resources from the ravages of wildfires! A Modern Pump for the Modern Firefighter - Maintaining the tradition while moving technology forward: the MARK-3® Watson Edition plugs right into your existing MARK-3® water-moving systems. It will set a new benchmark of excellence for high-pressure fire pumps in the wildland firefighting community for generations to come. The MARK-3® Watson Edition is an entirely new platform that boasts exciting modernized features including the first ever purpose-built engine for a wildland pump.

Serving All of Canada

WATEROUS COMPANY

125 Hardman Ave. S.

South St. Paul MN 55075

Tel: 651-450-5000

Fax: 651-450-5090

Web: www.waterousco.com

C.H. Waterous started Waterous Engine Works Company in 1844 in Brantford, Ontario and then expanded to South St. Paul, Minnesota in 1886. Since then, Waterous has been the leader in the manufacturing of fire pumps for our everyday heroes. At Waterous, we have been and always will be firefighters.

Serving All of Canada

WFR WHOLESALE FIRE & RESCUE LTD.

129-7155 57 St. SE

Calgary AB T2C 5W2

Tel: 403-279-0400

Toll free: 800-561-0400

Fax: 800-561-0400

Web: www.wfrfire.com

Founded in 1986, WFR Wholesale Fire & Rescue Ltd. is a Canadian company which manufactures and distributes a full line of firefighting equipment for municipal and industrial fire departments throughout Canada. Our extensive inventory means your most common equipment needs, such as hose, gear, coveralls, helmets, adapters, hand tools, and wildland equipment, are in stock and ready to ship. And even more products are available on our website, allowing you to browse and shop when it is convenient for you.

Serving All of Canada

By Manfred Kihn

TI TRAINING for recruits

Training new firefighters is about technical knowledge and strategic thinking

Thermal imaging training for fire service recruits is a vital component of their education, ensuring they are equipped with the skills necessary to effectively use thermal imagers (TIs) in various fire fighting situations. The NFPA 1010-2024 (National Fire Protectional Association) Standard on Professional Qualifications for Firefighters, Chapter 7 Firefighter II (NFPA 1001) outlines the following:

7.3.3 — Operate a thermal imager (TI), given a TI, SOPs, PPE and an assignment, so that victims are located in conditions of obscured visibility, hot spots are identified in the structure, overhaul is completed, and the liquid level in a container is determined.

ABOVE Firefighters learning about the basics of thermal imaging while using a Max Fire Box.

RIGHT Here you can see reflectance showing human heat signatures from a stainlesssteel appliance during training.

(A) Requisite knowledge: TI operating procedures and limitations of TIs.

(B) Requisite skills: Demonstrate the use of a TI and accurately interpret TI data to locate victims, fire, hot spots, and liquid levels in containers.

Below is a basic outline of key components and best prac-

PHOTO CREDIT: BULLARD

tices for developing a thermal imaging training program for recruits in the fire service:

TRAINING PROGRAM OUTLINE

1. Introduction to thermal imaging

• Purpose of thermal imaging in fire fighting

ɐ Understanding heat signatures and how they relate to fire scenes.

ɐ Advantages of using TIs in smokefilled environments.

• Types of thermal imagers

ɐ Overview of different TI models and their features, i.e. makes, models and situational awareness versus advanced decision making.

ɐ Understanding resolution, field of view, battery life, cleaning and maintenance.

2. Operating thermal imagers

• Basic operations

ɐ Turning the imager on and off.

ɐ Adjusting user-controlled settings if applicable.

• Interpreting thermal images

ɐ Understanding image interpretation in hot and cold areas.

ɐ Understand basic colourization of black/white/grayscale, high heat colourization and temperature measurements.

ɐ Identifying potential hotspots, fire extension, and victim colourization.

• Practical exercises

ɐ Hands-on training with TIs in controlled environments.

ɐ Simulation of real-life scenarios to interpret images.

3.  Applications of thermal imaging

• Search and rescue operations

ɐ Using TIs to locate victims in structure fires or search and rescue scenarios.

ɐ Strategies for maximizing effectiveness during searches.

• Fire behaviour and development

ɐ Understanding how TIs can help predict fire behaviour and identify risks.

ɐ Evaluating structural integrity and identifying hidden fires.

• Overhaul operations

ɐ Detecting hidden smoldering fires and flare-ups post-extinguishment.

ɐ Ensuring thorough inspections using TIs.

4. Safety Considerations

• Operational Safety

ɐ Understanding how to move and operate TIs safely in hazardous environments.

ɐ Situational awareness while using thermal imaging technology.

• Limitations of Thermal Imaging

ɐ Discussing the limitations, such as obstacles that may block and cause reflectance of heat signatures.

ɐ Awareness of environmental factors that affect TI performance.

5. Practical Scenarios and Drill

• Live Fire Exercises

ɐ Execute realistic firefighting scenarios using TIs.

ɐ Recruits assess situations under simulated conditions while using TIs.

ɐ Assess container liquid levels.

• Debrief and evaluation

ɐ Review performance during practical exercises.

ɐ Provide feedback on tactical decision-making and imager operation.

6. Continuous learning

• Encouraging constant skill development

ɐ Importance of ongoing education and familiarity with new technologies.

ɐ Refresher courses to stay updated with advancements in thermal imaging technology.

• Case studies

ɐ Analyzing past incidents where TI use made a difference in fire fighting efforts.

ɐ Understanding lessons learned from case studies involving thermal imaging applications.

Thermal imaging training for fire service recruits is not only about the technical use of the equipment, but also about strategic thinking and situational awareness in high-pressure environments. By implementing a comprehensive training program, fire departments can ensure that recruits are proficient in using thermal imaging to enhance their effectiveness and safety on the job.

Until next time, stay safe and train often.

Manfred Kihn is a 19-year veteran of the fire service, having served as an ambulance officer, emergency services specialist, firefighter, captain, and fire chief. He has been a member of Bullard’s Emergency Responder team since 2005 and is the company’s fire training specialist for thermal imaging technology. If you have questions about thermal imaging, you can e-mail him at manfred_kihn@bullard.com.

YOUR HEADQUARTERS FOR TRAINING & PUBLIC EDUCATION MATERIALS

Fire Department Incident Safety Officer, 4th Edition

$151.00 | Item #: 1284172379

A print and digital solution that prepares aspiring and current incident safety officers (ISOs) to meet and exceed the specific job requirements outlined in NFPA 1550, 2024 Edition, which includes Chapter 5, Incident Safety Officer (NFPA 1521). This edition includes current information for those responding to incidents involving hazardous materials, wildland fires, technical rescue, and other disasters. It also provides methods for the development and improvement of existing safety programs

Technical Rescue: Tips and Techniques

$70.60 | Item #: 1593706135

Safe. Simple. Proven.  In the high-risk world of technical rescue, responders must be prepared for complex scenarios where traditional methods may not be enough. Technical Rescue: Tips and Techniques provides firefighters, rescue teams, and emergency personnel with practical, field-tested solutions to enhance safety, efficiency, and effectiveness in technical rescue operations. Covering real-world applications and tools for preplanning, this essential guide ensures that every operation is backed by experience, logic, and best practices

Choosing to Command: Crew Resource Management Applied to Emergency Operations

$56.20 | Item 1593705114

The ability to make sound, timely decisions is critical in fire and emergency operations.  examines the importance of integrating Crew Resource Management (CRM) into the Incident Command System (ICS) to improve firefighter safety, operational efficiency, and leadership effectiveness. Through real-world case studies and analysis, this book outlines methods for improving situational awareness, reducing operational risks, and fostering a culture of effective leadership in fire and emergency services.

OAFC Conference & Trade Show

May 1 - 3, 2025

The International Centre Mississauga, ON

OMFPOA Symposium

Trade Show May 27, 2025

Sheraton Parkway Toronto North Richmond Hill, ON

SAFC 75th Annual Conference & Trade Show

June 5 - 7, 2025

West Central Events Centre

Kindersley, SK

BC Fire Expo

June 8 - 9, 2025

Penticton Trade and Convention Centre

Penticton, BC

Atlantic Fire Leadership Conference (MFCA) Trade Show July 4 - 5, 2025

Credit Union Place Centre

Summerside, PE

FireCon

September 9 - 13, 2025

Thunder Bay, ON

VOLUNTEER VISION

By Tom DeSorcy, (Ret.) Fire Chief, Hope, B.C.

From routine to revolution

When I retired, I said “the fire department just won’t be the same without me.” Honestly, it better not be and it wouldn’t be the same with me either. If you’re new to the fire service, then the word change refers to the fact that your life has changed as a result. As a new member of this great service, recognize and embrace that change because you will experience more and more of it through the years — or at least, you should.

The fire service embodies both tradition and the call for innovation.

There are many small volunteer fire departments across this country; many with a long history of community service that have been around for 30, 40, or even 50 years.

A fire department can sometimes be like an old pickup truck, one that’s been around for many years doing the same things it’s done all along. It’s reliable, steadfast and dependable. It will always get you from point A to point B and everything remains top notch. Keep it fueled and oiled, and it will continue to serve you well.

If the fire department has been a part of your life for some time now it probably feels pretty comfortable. Tasks are performed like clockwork and without fail. But what happens when you call upon it to do something different? Maybe to take a detour that veers from the routine path of travel? To embark on a journey in a new and different direction? Perhaps to take an exit you’ve never seen before and attempt not to get lost? At what point do you consider an upgrade? Am I still referring to the old truck, or the fire department itself?

It’s often comforting to rely on something that has been a constant for

a significant period. The familiarity of the fire department’s operations can easily compare to that well-known hum of the old pickup truck’s engine. This metaphor really captures the essence of a department that has served its community through thick and thin, through various trials and triumphs and many long-standing members.

The fire department, much like that old pickup truck, has seen many seasons, many incidents, and has responded to numerous calls for help. It has become embedded in the fabric of the community as a symbol of reliability and strength.

Yet, what happens when the demands on the fire department evolve? When the digital age ushers in new technologies and the community’s needs shift? Much like the old truck, the department faces the question of adaptation versus nostalgia. Can it take on the new challenges with the same old reliable methods, or is it time to consider that upgrade?

To really understand this comparison, one must delve into the daily life of the fire department that has been a cornerstone of the community it serves. The legacy is not just about the passage of time but about the countless lives it’s touched, the camaraderie among the firefighters, the shared stories over the wins and the losses, and the collective effort to ensure everybody comes home is all part of its rich history.

It’s not unlike maintaining that old truck. The upkeep involves dedication and a certain affection towards the tried and true. Fuel and oil are much like the continuous training, community engagement, and the unselfish com-

Tom DeSorcy joined the fire service in 1983 and became the first paid firefighter in his hometown of Hope, B.C., when he became fire chief in 2000, retiring in 2023. Email Tom at tdesorcy@telus.net media.

mitment to service. The department’s reliability in emergencies can easily compare to the truck’s ability to start every morning, ready for the day’s next journey.

However, this analogy should also present the challenges of an aging department. The truck, slow on the hills and requiring space to maneuver, reflects the fire department’s potential struggle with modern demands. Emergency responses today require rapid and versatile action, sometimes beyond the scope of old practices and techniques or the membership itself.

There’s a poignant question embedded in this narrative: Is your fire department ready to embrace change and the innovation that comes along with it? What happens when an emergency call requires cutting-edge technology, or when community outreach demands digital platforms? The old truck might need a GPS to navigate new routes, much like the fire department might require advanced tools and strategies. Taking an exit never seen before signifies uncharted territories that both the department and the truck might face. This could mean new types of emergencies, larger-scale operations, or integrating with broader regional efforts as communities grow. Not getting lost entails preparedness, adaptability, and perhaps the willingness to upgrade.

The reflection on whether it’s time to upgrade is not just about equipment or procedures but about people. It’s about recognizing that while history and tradition are invaluable, progression is necessary to meet contemporary needs. The fire department’s ability to evolve while honoring its heritage mirrors the decision of whether to keep that old truck or embrace a new model or can it be both?

The fire service embodies both tradition and the call for innovation. Much like that old pickup truck, it stands as a testament to reliability and endurance. Recognizing the need for change is key to improvement if you want to continue serving the community effectively.

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A Newsletter For Our Customers, Employees and Friends

Darley Achieves $1 Billion in Sales Secures Top 50 Defense Contractor Ranking

Darley has proudly served American first responders and warfighters for over a century.

During World War II, we supplied hundreds of fire trucks and fire pumps to the US military, earning the prestigious Army/Navy E Award three times! In the 1990s, Darley was awarded a contract to supply the US Navy with the P100 pump, and since then, we have shipped over $100 million worth of these pumps to the US Navy and more than 40 other navies around the world.

A few years later, the US Coast Guard selected Darley to receive the P6 damage control pump award. The US Marine Corps and US Army also chose Darley to provide the LE600 fuel transfer pump, among other significant contracts.

In 2024, Darley supplied over $1.1 billion worth of pumps, special operational equipment, and firefighting gear to the US Department of Defense, earning a spot as one of the top 50 defense contractors in the USA.

Darley’s growth has been driven by our significant expansion in supplying C5ISR equipment. C5ISR stands for Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Cyber, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance, a military framework that enhances communication, intelligence gathering, and cyber protection. According to Chief Financial Officer Lee Wise, “Darley is uniquely positioned as both a manufacturer and distributor for larger US prime defense contractors. We meet stringent Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR). Because Darley reinvests most profits back into the company, our financial position is stronger than most of our competitors, allowing us to compete and win in many areas.”

CONTACT DARLEY

Paul C. Darley, was recently awarded the prestigious Kathleen Sridhar Small Business Executive of the Year Award by the National Defense Industrial Association (NDIA). The Kathleen Sridhar Small Business Executive of the Year Award is presented annually to a small-business executive who exemplifies Dr. Sridhar’s leadership excellence and support for the defense sector.

Paul Darley has been recognized for his exceptional leadership and unwavering commitment to fostering a robust small-business sector within the defense industrial base. Under his guidance, Darley has continued to innovate and expand its offerings, providing cutting-edge technology and equipment solutions to military and first responders. Paul’s dedication to excellence and his visionary leadership have been instrumental in driving Darley’s success and growth. This recognition is a testament to his hard work and the positive impact he has made in the defense industry.

Paul commented, “I am deeply honored and truly humbled to receive this award on behalf of our amazing Team Darley members, and I thank them for their unwavering support and commitment to our mission. This came as a complete surprise, and I am also grateful to the NDIA Great Lakes Board for their nomination for this recognition. It’s been a pleasure to serve the NDIA for over 15 years.”

Paul Darley recognized by the NDIA.

Darley’s Board of Directors.

Paul Darley was recently presented the prestigious award by NDIA members.

Darley’s prestigious Army/Navy E award.

DARLEY

Humbly Celebrating a Milestone

Like most organizations, our company is guided by our core values. Over the years, when faced with hard decisions, I often find the answer in these principles that have guided us for generations.

As our 117-year-old family business hit a major milestone of $1 billion in sales, one year ahead of our strategic plan: Operation B25, it is important that we celebrate, but that we do so humbly.

One of our core values that is not common in most organizations, is Celebration.

CELEBRATION

We will take time to recognize employee efforts and celebrate our Team Darley victories. We will work hard, have fun, and make a difference.

Our core values are hierarchical, and this is our last core value. As a result, it is perhaps most overlooked, and the least adhered to. That’s on me.

Each year, we do take time to celebrate with cookouts, Darley swag, a Board of Praise where employees recognize each other’s achievements, etc. This summer we are celebrating with a company-wide gathering with our families in a vacation destination.

My father was a great storyteller and would often use vivid imagery to get his point across. He was also incredibly humble. One of his quotes was, “You never saw a fish mounted on a wall with its mouth closed.” The inference, of course, is that when things are going well, keep your mouth shut.

I subscribe to that, but am going to make an exception in this case and celebrate proudly, but humbly. According to research, there are fewer than 25 privately held family businesses in the USA that are over 100 years old, and over $1 billion in revenue.

Most importantly, we achieved this by the noble cause of serving our country’s warfighters and first responders.

As we move on to our next strategic plan, 2B30, with an aspiration to become a $2 billion business by 2030, we will not lose sight of you - our customers, vendor partners and employees, who helped us achieve this milestone. You will continue to be our guiding light. You serve others. We serve you.

Paul C. Darley President & Chief Executive Officer

pauldarley@darley.com

Cell: 1-708-267-6288

Darley Honors Volunteer Firefighters with the William J. Darley Lifetime Achievement Award

Darley proudly sponsors The National Volunteer Fire Council’s (NVFC) William J. Darley Lifetime Achievement Award. This award is a tribute that deeply resonates with Darley, as it commemorates, the son of their founder William S. Darley, who dedicated over 60 years to Darley and was deeply passionate about the volunteer fire service mission. Annually, this award will honor those individuals whose remarkable achievements in the fire service and community exemplifies outstanding performance.

To be eligible, nominees must have served as volunteer firefighters for at least 20 years. Posthumous nominations were accepted. The selection process focuses on the following criteria:

• Significant contributions or achievements in the volunteer fire service at local, state, and/or national levels.

• Demonstrated unwavering commitment to the volunteer fire service over a minimum of twenty years.

• Active involvement in their state firefighters association.

The selection of the William J. Darley Lifetime Achievement Award recipient will be chosen through a nationwide nomination process. The recipient will be honored at a special celebration during the NVFC’s Spring conference in May 2025. They will be recognized as a guest of honor, receive a personalized award and secure their place in NVFC history. This award not only acknowledges individual excellence but also strengthens the bonds and camaraderie within the firefighting community.

Featured Product: New AirPowered Primer System

Darley is pleased to announce the release of the Darley Air Hog Primer. This air-powered priming system is designed to utilize the air power from the air brakes system on fire trucks, offering a reliable and efficient solution for fire depart ments. Some key features include the following:

• High Corrosion Resistance – The Brass and Stainless-Steel components allow this unit to stand up to harsh conditions in both fresh and saltwater applica tions.

• Few Moving Parts ple components to make any maintenance quick and easy.

• Control Options – The primer comes with manual and electronic control options to fit your needs and style. The available control systems come as plug and play solutions for easy installation.

• 12V or 24V - Darley also offers a 12V and 24V rotary vane primer for applications without compressed air. For more information or to see how the Darley Air Hog Primer can benefit your fire department, please visit our website www.darley.com/pumps or contact your local Darley representative.

William J. Darley 1928-2018

NEW Darley’s new air-powered priming system utilizes the air power from the air brakes system.

Eco-Friendly Pump: 6000 Gallons on a Single Charge

Darley introduces the 2BE2.4H-E pump, powered by the Honda EGX electric motor. This innovative pump, currently being tested by the US Coast Guard, offers solid performance, durability, and ease of use. In testing it was able to deliver nearly 6000 gallons of water on a single charge, eliminates the need for gasoline, and reduces emissions. The pump’s robust design ensures long-lasting service, and its user-friendly interface allows rapid deployment. The shift to an electric motor aligns with Darley’s commitment to sustainability. Visit our pump page at darley.com/pumps

Darley Introduces the New 40 HP Vanguard EFI + ETC Engine

A groundbreaking advancement for power and efficiency, Darley is proud to announce the release of the new 40 HP Vanguard EFI + ETC engine. This engine is set to redefine the standards of performance and reliability in the industry, making it an essential addition for professionals seeking unparalleled

Combined - The 40 HP Vanguard EFI + ETC engine represents a significant leap forward in engine technology. Utilizing state-of-the-art Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI), Electronic Throttle Control (ETC), and an increase in engine RPM range. This engine offers superior performance, enhanced fuel efficiency, and reduced emissions, all while spinning at a blistering 4400 RPM. The new ETC system eliminates frustrating throttle cables and greatly improves ease of use, for remote panel options.

Power and efficiency combined in the new 40 HP Vanguard EFI+ETC engine.

Multiple Pump End Options - To cater to diverse operational needs, the new 40 Horsepower Vanguard engine is available with three respected Darley pump options, the 1.5AGE, 2.5AGE, and the HGE. These pump end options cater to a wide range of operational requirements whether it’s fighting fires, water transfer, or site cleanup. Furthermore, Darley’s commitment to innovation and quality guarantees that this engine will exceed the expectations of even the most demanding professionals. Visit our pump page at darley.com/pumps

Unleashing Superior Quality Extrication Tools

Darley has recently partnered with Edilgrappa to promote a line of rescue tools and we’re looking for dealers who would be interested in promoting and partnering with us. These rescue tools have been manufactured by a family run business in Italy since 1977. This complete line of tools are NFPA certified, budget friendly, light weight and battery operated. Whether you’re a professional rescuer or part of an emergency response team, these tools offer the power and versatility needed to handle the toughest challenges by rescue teams around the world. Please reach out to ryandarley@darley.com for pricing, information or to become a dealer and part of our team.

FLASHGROUP VR Training Simulator System

Darley is excited to offer the best-in-class virtual reality system for first responder training. Flashgroup brings to the table a VR system designed for creating custom scenarios where: fire, police and EMS can work together or individually to train in the virtual world. The system is multi-player, includes up to six headsets, takes minutes to set up and begin training. The custom scenario creator enables you to implement: fire, victims custom injuries, EV fire scenarios, aggressive bystanders, CPR scenarios, different housing and fire scenes more. Flashgroup continues to build scenarios and add flexibility for instructors to create life like situations where first responders can train and get the reps they need to deliver the care they are expected to deliver every day. On top of the Flashgroup Academy (Multi-Player) there is also Flashgroup Elementary, a more entry level extinguisher version that is great for community education, basic training for entry level firefighters and company extinguisher or CPR training. To schedule a demo, for more information visit our booth 3657 at FDIC or reach out to ryandarley@darley.com

2BE2.4H-E pump, powered by the Honda EGX electric motor.

The HGE40V features a new and improved control panel. Virtual reality system for first responders.

Darley now offers a compete line of extrication tools at shop. darley.com.

See What’s Happening Across Darley

Darley is thrilled to announce the launch of its latest equipment catalog! With a fresh new look and bursting with a comprehensive range of innovative and reliable products, this catalog is designed to revolutionize safety and efficiency for all first responders. Discover EV solutions, advanced protective gear, and cutting-edge rescue tools, all engineered to meet the highest industry standards. Darley proudly leads the way in providing top-quality equipment. Request your copy today at shop.darley.com/equipment-catalog

Darley Welcomes Two New Defense Advisory Board Members

Advancing Firefighting Technology: FAA’s New Test Truck by Skeeter Emergency Vehicles

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has taken a significant step forward in fire suppression research with the addition of a new test truck, built by Skeeter Emergency Vehicles. Designed for use at the FAA’s testing center in New Jersey, this specialized apparatus is dedicated to evaluating the performance of new F3 firefighting foams and the effectiveness of compressed air foam systems (CAFS) across various delivery methods.

Mounted on a rugged Ford F-550 chassis, the truck is configured as a Skeeter EV Quick Response Vehicle, optimized for both mobility and functionality. Equipped with a Darley Mongoose, 500-pound dry chemical system, along with water and foam capabilities, the vehicle provides a versatile platform for evaluating flow rates, GPM, and foam expansion using CAFS. With Skeeter ‘s reputation for building durable, high-performance fire apparatus, this new test truck is set to be a valuable asset in the FAAs ongoing mission.

Providing Fuel to the Force and Hydration to the Brave

While Ohler Pump has many initiatives focused on innovative new systems, fuel and water transfer pumps are at our core. Ohler provides our DoD customers with a full range of portable fuel and water pumps. From 20 gallons per minute to 1,200 gallons per minute, multi-fuel diesel engine driven to DC motor driven, skid mounted to trailer mounted, Ohler is meeting the needs of the war fighter. If you have a need to move fuel or water, we are here to assist, contact robertbond@darley.com

Darley held a fantastic Defense Advisory Board meeting in December concentrating on six focus areas: 1) Diversifying our lines of business, 2) Capitalizing on emerging markets, 3) Growing profitably, 4) Handling the complexities of compliance, 5) Approaching foreign military sales and 6) Differentiating ourselves in the accelerating unmanned systems market.

Darley onboarded two new DAB members: Dr. Jocelyn Seng, a 30 year retired Air Force Major General with a formidable engineering background and 4 patents and Dr. Bob Hamilton, a 30 year retired Army Colonel, and Foreign Area Officer (FAO) who now is a professor at the Army War College teaching Strategic Studies.

EchoMAV Onboarded as Latest NDAA Compliant UAS Offering

Darley has teamed with EchoMAV to offer a distinctive NDAA compliant drone option. EchoMAV is designing, building, and creating solutions for unmanned systems. The MONARK is a lightweight, highly-packable modular quadrotor UAS designed for ISR and delivery. Unique in its class, the MONARK offers a 3D-printed aircraft designed to be field repairable and upgradeable by the end user. Contact uxs@darley.com to find out more.

A Continued Surge in Popularity for Darley’s Tactical Pumper

Darley’s Tactical Pumper is a state-of-the-art apparatus designed to meet the dynamic needs of modern firefighting and rescue operations. It combines superior performance, reliability, versatility, and affordability, making it an invaluable asset for any emergency response team.

Fire Departments across the U.S. commonly state, the Tactical Pumper’s capabilities support 90% of their calls and costs less than half the price of their traditional engine. With an easy to operate 1500 GPM pump & CAF system, Darley’s Tactical Pumper ensures efficient, effective water utilization and enhanced fire suppression capabilities. The Tactical Pumper’s agility, capability and affordability make it a complimentary asset to any fleet. Learn more at www.darley.com/tacticalpumpers/

Darley’s Defense Advisory Board (DAB) members.

Ohler 150 GPM fuel/water pump.

Ohler 350 GPM fuel/ water pump.

Shop over 200 pages loaded with essentials.

The FAA’s new test truck sold by Travis Ownby, of Skeeter Emergency Vehicles equipped with a Darley Mongoose.

Quick delivery on Darley’s agile Tactical Pumper featuring 1500 GPM and CAFS.

Wayne Hable, P.E. Chief Engineer waynehable@darley.com

Just Ask Engineering

Question:

What is the most cost-effective way of driving a 1500 gpm ratable NFPA 1900 compliant fire pump in a new firetruck?

Asked by: Jay

Johnson,

Chief Sales Officer, Rosenbauer America

Answer.

Look no further than Darley’s direct drive PSD 1500 fire pump that relies entirely on the Power Take Off (PTO) gearing for increasing the speed between the engine and pump impeller to attain all the necessary NFPA 1900 performance points with the engine governed speeds that exist today.

Most are unaware that PTO manufactures today no longer limit some of their PTO output speeds to 2500 rpm anymore. With a newly allowed 4000 rpm PTO output speed, Darley PSD 1500 fire pumps can easily attain a 750 gpm at 250 psi performance point with plenty of safety margin left on the engine’s governed speed.

With at least a 334 lb-ft continuous PTO output torque rating, a Darley PSD 1500 fire pump can easily attain a 1500 gpm at 165 psi overload performance point without exceeding this torque rating.

Many are unaware that Allison

Sourcewell Contract Makes Buying Easy and Cost Effective

The Cook County Forest Preserve District of Illinois recently took delivery of four (4) Fast Attack Skids equipped with Darley 2BE21H multipurpose pumps. These pumps were purchased via the Sourcewell Contract #020124-WSD. Registering your Fire Department at www.sourcewell-mn.gov/register is quick, easy and can save your department hundreds of dollars. Numerous fire departments have also taken advantage of special pricing on skids on shop.darley.com.

Will Darley Promoted to Vice President of Sales Operations – Defense Division

Darley is excited to announce the promotion of Will Darley to Vice President of Sales Operations – Defense Division. In his role, he will lead our efforts to optimize sales processes, strengthen customer relationships, and oversee the day-to-day management of our contracts and sales operations teams. Over the course of his career with Darley, Will has consistently set a high standard for operational excellence while demonstrating exceptional leadership to his teams. Will’s commitment to Darley and continuous growth makes him the ideal leader for this position.

Darley, VP of Sales OperationsDefense Division.

Transmission makes a 3000 EVS transmission model that has Top/Side PTO openings that can easily power these pump performance points. Not to knock split-shaft midship pumps, which Darley sells many of, but a direct drive pump is significantly less expensive than midship fire pumps simply because a direct drive fire pump doesn’t have a gearbox, nor does it have a split-shaft transmission. The PTO is lubricated by the Allison Transmission’s lubrication system which has an oil filter and can have a cooler. The PTO is engaged/disengaged by the Allison Transmission hydraulic pump so all the necessary complexities of a midship transmission are minimized with a PTO drive train.

A PTO is shifted by a push button control in the cab or pump panel. A PTO can be “hot” shifted which implies the PTO can be shifted while the engine and driveline is spinning which we all know is a no-no with a midship pump. A PTO drivetrain allows for pump and roll capabilities as well as engaging the pump without anyone having to leave the safety of the cab – think of this feature the next time you respond to a roadside car fire. If you use an Allison 3000 EVS transmission with Top/Side PTO openings as well as a Chelsea 871XJFJP-*5 PTO (334 lb-ft continuous torque rating & 200% speed ratio) or a Muncie CS41-A1012 PTO (343 lb-ft continuous torque rating % 200% speed ratio) your Darley PSD1500 pump performances points would be as indicated in the above chart.

Pump Division Powers 60% of Operations from Renewables

Darley’s Pump Division proudly participates in Xcel Energy’s Renewable Connect Program. This program helps businesses achieve environmental and sustainability goals by utilizing available renewable energy from wind and solar resources. Through this program, 60% of the power necessary to run operations at this location comes from renewable resources. By choosing renewables, Darley saves 83,300 pounds of CO2 emissions monthly, amounting to nearly 500 tons annually. In the past five years, Darley has prevented 2,500 tons, or 5,000,000 pounds, of CO2 from being released into the atmosphere.

Bruce Ireland Promoted to Director of North American Sales

Darley is pleased to announce the promotion of Bruce Ireland to Director of North American Sales, Pump Division. Bruce will oversee the pump sales team, which will now report directly to him. He will be responsible for executing the sales strategy and managing the day-to-day operations of Darley’s domestic sales team.

Bruce brings years of experience and leadership to the position, having demonstrated a strong commitment to customer relationships, operational excellence, and team development. His expertise in the industry and dedication to Darley’s mission make him an ideal choice for this leadership role.

Direct drive pump capable of: 1000 gpm and 1250 gpm NFPA ratings thru 1-6" 1500 gpm, 1750 gpm and 2000 gpm NFPA ratings thru 2-6".

Darley PSD 1500 pump performances points chart.

Bruce Ireland, Director of North American Sales.

Will

Darley’s Fast Attack skid units.

Darley’s Garret Yohnk, was instrumental in this achievement.

LEE WISE

Cash Flow is Key to Financial Health

I am excited to be writing my first article for the Darley Times as the CFO at Darley and to be talking about my favorite financial subject – cash flow. Cash flow is the critical aspect of any company’s financial health. It represents the movement of money in and out of a business, ensuring that the company can meet its short-term obligations and invest in longterm growth. Positive cash flow indicates that a company is generating more money than it is spending, which is essential for maintaining operations, paying employees, and covering other expenses. Without adequate cash flow, even profitable companies can face financial difficulties, as they may struggle to pay their bills and sustain their operations.

At Darley we place significant importance on cash flow, both internally and externally. Internally, cash flow is a key indicator we focus on to monitor our financial performance and stability. It reflects the efficiency of our core business and its ability to generate cash from operations. By closely monitoring cash flow, we can make informed decisions about budgeting, investing, and managing expenses.

Externally, we understand the value of cash flow to our partners, suppliers and customers. By maintaining strong cash flow, we are able to meet our financial commitments to partners, many of which are small businesses. This reliability fosters trust and confidence, which is crucial for building long-term relationships. For suppliers, in particular, Darley’s strong cash flow signals that the company is a dependable partner that can be relied upon to honor payment terms.

This focus on cash flow helps ensure that the company remains financially healthy for the long term and can continue to grow and innovate. As Paul Darley always says, “Companies don’t go out of business because they lose money. They go out of business because they run out of cash.”

Lee Wise Chief Financial Officer leewise@darley.com

INSIDE DARLEY

John Long Honored with Big Brother of the Year Award

We applaud the warfighters and firefighters who dedicate their lives and careers to making our nation and community a safer and better place in which to live. This includes the many veterans and fire department members who are also Darley employees.

Many Darley employees find ways to provide service to our communities or nation through the giving of their time, talent and treasure. For John Long, Chief Information Officer, it is through Big Brothers Big Sisters of Northwestern Wisconsin. John comments, “I have been a “big” mentor for a little over ten years. I was recently honored with the Mentor of the Year Award.”

The focus at Big Brothers Big Sisters of Northwestern Wisconsin is on creating long and sustaining relationships that will have the greatest impact on the children we serve. We know that having a Big Brother or Big Sister can help children reach their potential and get set on the right path in life.

Research proves that children enrolled in Big Brothers Big Sisters programs are more likely to improve in school, have better relationships with family and friends, are less likely to skip school or use illegal drugs or alcohol, and have higher aspirations and better self-confidence.

Big Brothers Big Sisters has offices throughout the country. John states “I have found it to be an excellent experience. I am sure that the “littles” that I have mentored would agree. It’s only a few hours a week. Maybe it’s your calling too. If it is, here is a link to the national organization.” For more information, visit www.bbbs.org

Meet the Team: Dustin Wilkie CNC Machinist

Dustin Wilkie is a CNC Machinist at Darley. He joined Darley in March of 2009. Over his 16-year career, Dustin has worked in many areas of Darley’s operations in Chippewa Falls. He is currently operating an Okuma MA-500 CNC mill but has run multiple machining centers; assembled, tested and painted pumps in our Pump Division; he has also wired pump modules for our Tactical Division.

Dustin attended Chippewa Valley Technical College and began his career at Darley upon graduating in 2009. His years of experience and versatility have enabled him to perform many different functions from receiving all the way through final test. Dustin has seen many changes throughout his career at Darley, such as advancements in machining techniques through implementing lean principles. He was instrumental as an early adopter for change. Dustin was the first to machine many of the parts for our NGP pump line, which is a leading line today.

Dustin serves as a steward for Teamsters Local 662. In his role as steward, Dustin works with employees and Darley to cooperatively solve challenges and maintain a strong, positive working relationship between Darley and the union. To highlight this, Dustin recently authored an article published in Wisconsin Teamster, Volume 66, Number 1, sharing his unique perspective on the legacy, products and services provided by Darley. In his spare time Dustin enjoys restoring his 1961 Chrysler and spending time with his family. Dustin, his wife Ciara, and daughter Layla(3) are expecting a baby boy in July.

Dustin and his growing family.

John Long, Chief Information Officer, proudly holding his Mentor of the Year Award.

Darley Pump Academy Darley Demander Spotlight

Our tuition-free Pump Academy provides comprehensive knowledge ranging from pump theory to hands-on maintenance and repair of Darley pumps and accessories. To keep up with ongoing advancements, we advise OEM service centers to participate at least once every five years. Sign up today www.darley.com/ pump-academy

2025 Dates

May 6 - 8, 2025

Oct 7 - 9, 2025

Register now, class sizes are limited.

Throwback to 1943 - Catalog 131

Page four from Darley’s 1943 catalog.

The headline read “Never go to a Fire without the protection of a good helmet.” That advice still rings true today with head gear becoming more sophisticated and durable. See all our equipment options on shop.darley.com

Next Gen Darley

Katie and Will Darley proudly welcomed their son, William Thomas Darley into the world on January 29th, 2025 weighing 8 lbs. 9 oz. and measuring in at 20 in. His older sister Jane (2) couldn’t wait to meet him!

Jane’s been loving having another friend to play with, often building him Magna-Tiles and singing him the greatest hits from Minnie Mouse and Peppa Pig. William and Jane are great-greatgrandchildren of our founder, William S. Darley, and the grandchildren of Karen and Peter Darley.

There are currently 31 fourth and 24 fifthgeneration Darley family members who are descendants of

Proven reliability and trust, Omaha Fire Department switches to Darley’s PSM 1500 pump.

Omaha Fire Department Switches to Darley PSM 1500 GPM Pumps

Darley is pleased to announce the Omaha Fire Department (OFD) has made a major upgrade to its firefighting fleet by transitioning to Darley PSM 1500 GPM pumps, on their new fleet of over 25 Pierce pumpers scheduled to be built. This decision comes after careful evaluation of performance, weight, and space-saving considerations. OFD has been impressed by Darley’s dedicated customer service, extensive training programs, and hands-on support throughout the implementation process. This ongoing relationship ensures that firefighters are fully trained and equipped to maximize the pumps capabilities. By switching to Darley PSM 1500 GPM pumps, the Omaha Fire Department has positioned itself for improved performance, enhanced efficiency, and greater flexibility in its firefighting fleet.

Cobra’s Fire Tanker Equipped with a Darley LSP 750 Pump

Backed by Darley’s innovation and support, Cobra’s Inkosi MS (Zulu for “King”) 6x6 fire tanker features a Darley LSP 750 centrifugal pump, Trident Foamate ATP 1.5 Class-B foam proportioner, Elkhart Sidewinder deck monitor, electric rewind hose reel 25 mm x 30 m (1" x 100') with 15,000 ltr. (4,000 gal.) water tank and 1,000 ltr. (260 gal.) Class-B foam tank. Cobra’s ongoing partnership with Darley has been pivotal to their success in the industry, bolstered by the addition of Darley’s comprehensive range of firefighting and rescue equipment. Cobra Projects, is based in Johannesburg, South Africa and engineers cutting-edge municipal, mining and industrial fire and rescue vehicles, serving clients across the African continent. Contact Cobra Projects to learn more www.cobraprojects.com/contact-us

Ottawa, Canada Selects UHP-HV

Darley is delighted to reveal a cutting-edge wildland vehicle system, proudly serving the City of Ottawa, Canada’s National Capital. As the city expands, the responsibility for wildfire risk management has grown. To address this challenge, the Darley UHP-HV system has been placed in service, and is available for any truck.

This system allows for the simultaneous use of 8 gpm Ultra High Pressure (UHP) with foam for tackling wildfires, while still offering an impressive 160 gpm @ 80 psi for pump and roll — both pumps powered by a single engine. As wildfires encroach on urban areas, the UHP-HV system by Darley is an ideal solution for maintaining safety and readiness year-round.

Darley Proudly Supports the Devastating LA Fires with Generous Donations

Darley was honored to support the brave volunteers and evacuees affected by the Los Angeles wildfires. Darley donated 35,000 N95 masks to aid in the relief efforts, ensuring the safety and well-being of those on the front lines and those displaced by the fires, as well as making a $5,000 donation to both the California Fire Foundation and the Los Angeles Fire Department Foundation. Partnering with Veterans in Media & Entertainment and American Legion Post 43 - Hollywood, CA, we are committed to providing essential protective equipment to those who need it most. Thank you to all the volunteers, firefighters, and law enforcement personnel for your unwavering dedication. Together, we can make a difference.

Fall 2024 Pump Academy graduates.

William S. Darley.

William Thomas Darley

Darley LSP 750 pump powers Cobra’s Inkosi MS fire tanker.

The UHP offers ultra high pressure and high volume.

Darley’s Los Angeles fire donations.

Quickly Find What You Need with shop. darley.com’s Enhanced Search Feature

At shop.darley.com, we are committed to enhancing your shopping experience. That’s why we’re excited to announce the implementation of our new and improved search engine! This upgrade is designed to help you find products faster and more accurately than ever before.

What’s New? Our new search engine comes with several advanced features that make product discovery a breeze:

• Enhanced Speed: Enjoy quicker search results, allowing you to find what you need quickly.

• Improved Accuracy: Our search engine now delivers more precise results, ensuring you get precisely what you want.

Experience the new & improved shop.darley.com search feature.

• User-Friendly Interface: The intuitive design makes navigating and refining your searches easier. Why the Change? We listened to your feedback and recognized the need for a more efficient search tool. While functional, the previous search engine often fell short in terms of speed and accuracy. Our new system addresses these issues, providing a seamless and satisfying shopping experience.

How It Benefits You.

• Save Time: Spend less time searching and more time shopping.

• Find Products Easily: With improved accuracy, you can locate specific items without sifting through irrelevant results.

• Enhanced Shopping Experience: A faster, more reliable search engine means a smoother, more enjoyable shopping journey. Experience the difference yourself on shop.darley.com

Featured Partner: Circul-Air Corp

One of Darley’s longest standing partnerships is with Circul-Air Corp, a company that has been a leader in firefighter equipment maintenance since 1940. Founded by C.T. McGraw, Circul-Air introduced groundbreaking innovations such as the electric hose dryer and Roto-Jet hose washer, revolutionizing fire service equipment care.

McGraw was a visionary who recognized early on the critical need for maintaining the gear that firefighters rely on. Initially focused on hose solutions, Circul-Air expanded in the late 1990s to include turnout gear maintenance. This led to the development of today’s Dual-Purpose Dryer and most recently, gear washers with a “Specialized Clean” cycle.

Circul-Air takes the guesswork out of selecting a complete equipment solution, ensuring compliance with the latest NFPA 1850 standards. With a dedicated team of technicians and consultants across North America, CirculAir works closely with departments to find custom solutions that fit the station, budget, and operational needs.

Explore Circul-Air’s expanded product line, and find these industry-leading solutions in the new Darley catalog or visit our website at shop.darley.com/category/circul-air

Mental health struggles in the fire service are often acknowledged, but do we truly understand why they exist and persist? Firefighters certainly face unique stressors, yet we don’t fully grasp how these challenges compare to the general population or why firefighter suicides continue to rise.

Understanding the “Why” Behind the Mental Health Crisis in the Fire Service Are Firefighters Really So Unique? Learn More darley.com/essaycompetition

The 2025 Fire Service Thought Leadership Essay Competition challenges those in the fire service to explore why mental health remains a critical unresolved issue. Is it the high-stakes stress of the job? A failure of leadership to acknowledge the crisis and commit to intervention programs? The “choose one” approach to mental health support? The firehouse culture or broader societal issues?

Too often, firefighters respond with “I’m OK,” masking the emotional weight they carry. Mental health struggles contribute to high rates of divorce, PTSD, and suicide. The Darley/National Fallen Fire Fighters Foundation essay competition provides a structured, peer-reviewed opportunity for firefighters to openly discuss the “why”—a conversation that has never been explored at this level. Your voice matters. Help drive the conversation forward by submitting your essay.

Aug 26 - 28

Sept 9 -

Darley