Second Life

SECOND LIFE THE ARCHITECTURE OF TOMORROW

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SECOND LIFE â—? The arc hitecture o f to mo r row

GOOD DESIGN IMPROVES THE QUALITY OF LIFE

(CONRAD, OPRICHTER HABITAT)

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VOORWOORD

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SECOND LIFE ● The arc hitecture o f to mo r row

Een tweede leven voor de Post 65 gebouwen We kennen allemaal de krantenkoppen over CO2 uitstoot, materiaal schaarste en het uitputten van schaarse bronnen. Dit zal zeker niet minder worden, de problemen stapelen zich op. We are living on the edge.

Overschrijding van stikstof waarden is de laatste actualiteit, met veel protest tot gevolg.

De bouwindustrie heeft een substantieel aandeel in deze problematieken. Doorgaan op oude bekende methodieken is simpelweg niet meer de weg. Maar hoe dan wel? Het innoveren van de bouw is mede gezien de klimaatverandering een publiek belang. Daarbij verdienen gebouwen en hun componenten die met veel energie en CO2 uitstoot zijn geproduceerd een tweede leven.

Met de agendering van het onderwerp ‘’Second Life’’ hebben we een start gemaakt deze complexe materie op de kaart te zetten, waarbij de bestaande gebouwen voorraad als kans wordt gezien. Er is in het bijzonder gefocust op kantoorgebouwen vanaf 1965. Veel van deze panden staan lokaal in de kijker en krijgen de komende tijd een andere functie of worden gerenoveerd. Hierbij speelt ook de geschiedenis en de waardering een belangrijke rol. Het zijn vaak monotone kolossen met veelal een betonnen draagstructuur. Is daarmee het einde van de levensduur opportuun of vinden we wegen voor herwaardering en hergebruik? Welke voordelen biedt het om wél door te borduren op het bestaande?

In samenwerking met de afdeling Architectural Engineering (aE) van de faculteit bouwkunde aan de TU Delft is gewerkt aan betekenisvolle voorbeelden. Studenten van de Building Engineering Studio (BES) en afstudeerstudio aE werkten door middel van ‘’research by design’’ aan de bestaande gebouwen en structuren met als doel de potentie hiervan te onderzoeken en te bezien welke functie deze kunnen vervullen in het hedendaags stadsweefsel. Materiaal circulariteit, energie huishouding en flexibele woon-werkomgevingen werden gebruikt als startpunt voor ontwerp.

Er is niet alleen gezocht naar technische invulling, maar is veelal een zoektocht naar intelligente oplossingen, gericht op een combinatie van lange levensduur, gebruiksvriendelijk ontwerp en een rijkdom aan architectonische vernieuwing.

Dit boekwerk dient als inspiratiedocument en heeft als doel door presentatie en discussie binnen de organisatie te bezien hoe verder handen en voeten gegeven kan worden aan dit onderwerp en de ‘’eigen’’ gebouwenvoorraad.

En wat kan het rijk als eigenaar van veel Post 65 gebouwcomplexen betekenen voor een tweede leven?

Annebregje Snijders (initiatief nemer, architect en onderzoeker TU Delft) Iris Thewessen en Charles van Marrelo (atelier Rijksbouwmeester) Thijs Asselbergs (hoogleraar leerstoel Architectural Engineering)

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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION

P. 9

Researching the potential

I ● ANATOMY

Overview of the case studies

Overview of the anatomy

P. 11

Matrix

Zero measurement

Contexts Lectures

II ● STUDENT WORK

Best designs of the BES

Graduation projects

P. 25

III ● OBSERVATIONS

Matrix based designs

Lessons learned:

Context – Importance

Size matters – Production

Culture – Changing needs

Degree of – Adaptability

Material – Strategy

Human – Being

Architecture – Engineering

COLOPHON

P. 73

P. 86

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INTRO Researching the potential of the existing The buildings stock of the Central Government Real Estate Agency is facing a major renovation challenge. Climate targets set for 2050 require new insights, considerations and possibilities for improvement. How to deal with circularity and how do energy needs, indoor climate and renewal influence each other? What are the thoughts politically about energy and material use now this has been put on the agenda definitively? Which variants are possible and how is this balanced with the large investments aimed at achieving energy neutrality? How to deal with a lifetime / depreciation period of, for example, thirty years?

At the same time, these buildings also have an architectural value and a use value. How to deal with that? How can these be improved and strengthened so that 1 + 1 becomes 3?

The renewal issue is broad, it is not just about providing a design solution but it brings together many aspects such as: the history of the building, the place in the city, architecture, the life cycle of buildings, management for planning , investing and organizing, and so on. A challenging and topical subject that requires creativity, inventiveness and visionary thinking from a broad spectrum of generalists and specialists. It is an interdisciplinary project with an integral assignment as the basis.

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I

ANATOMY

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CASE STUDIES ● An overview

The buildings stock of the state is diverse. It has many different types, scales and users, as well as corresponding user and safety regulations. On the basis of an operating period of 25/30 years, ARBM opted for four representative case studies from the 1965-1995 period. The Amsterdam University Medical Center is number five.

This period offers at the same time a diversity in architecture and building methodology.

In order to achieve a representative crosssection, buildings with a high transformation value, in other words a high degree of flexibility, were sought. The iconic value varies, but is largely limited. ‘Second life’ focuses on the ‘upcycling’ of architecture currently valued as ‘low-grade’ or ‘mediocre’.

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SLAB

CARRE

Tax Office, Leeuwarden, 1970 Piet Zanstra, De Clercq Zubli & Partners

Palace of Justice Arnhem,1963 Frank Sevenhuijsen

The T4 building is a former tax office located on the Tesselschadestraat in Leeuwarden. Its modernistic design dates back to the mid sixties and is made by Architect Piet Zanstra, who had his roots in Leeuwarden. The T4 building is part of an ensemble of three buildings of which the 80 meter long tax office is the largest.The modernistic building is raised from the ground level by the characteristic pilotis.

These mushroom-shaped columns allow traffic to flow under the building and give the building a certain lightness. Other elements that contribute strongly to the monumental status and cultural-historical value are the concrete maintenance balconies and its railings, contrasted by the vertical lines of the façade. Typical for the nieuwe zakelijkheid is the accentuating of the stairways, which is done by diagonal lines in the façade.

The Palace of Justice is a courthouse built in the early sixties as a part of the reconstruction of the city-center of Arnhem.The design is made by architect Sevenhuysen, in the service of the Government Buildings Agency.The building has a courtyard and is made up out of a uniform concrete structure which determines the functionalistic appearance of the building.

The functional programme of a courthouse is constantly changing, which resulted in an extension in the early nineties, designed by Peereboom Voller. An E-shaped design made up out of prefabricated concrete elements based on the appearance of the original building. The two buildings together have an interwoven floorplan with complex circuits of public, staff and detainees.

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

CLUSTER

TOWER

BRIDGE

UMC, AMC, Amsterdam, 1982 Architects Duintjer & van Mourik

De Knip, Amsterdam, 1994 Abe Bonnema

Bridge Building,The Hague, 1999 Zwarts & Jansma

De Knip is a modernistic building with a fourstory high plinth, covered with dark marble, and a twenty-story high tower cladded with lighter marble panels. As a functionalist, Abe Bonnema designed a book for the client, publisher of the Elsevier. Positioned on the A10, the building is currently the face of the Dutch tax and customs authorities.

The building has an overwhelming curtain wall with mirrored glass on the ground floor that reflects the reputation of the tax authorities. The tax authority is trying to become more transparent. The building is located in Amsterdam Sloterdijk in an office area that is enclosed by railroad, highway, motorway and metro lines, so very accessible.

But the municipality of Amsterdam sees its opportunities and wants to redevelop the office area to a more urban atmosphere by breaking through the mono-functionality.

The Eastern Bridge-building (Bruggebouw Oost) is a former office designed by Zwarts & Jansma Architects in 1999. This building is a part of the bigger urban plan of the Grotiusplaats designed by Busquets in 1992.

The building spans across the Utrechtsebaan and the Prins Clauslaan due to two 136 meter long steel trusses. Furthermore, it consists of prefab structural concrete façade elements that are carrying the 15-meter long pre spanned hollow-core slabs resulting in an open floor plan.This building is almost identical to its sister, the Western Bridge-building that functions as the other spatial closure of the Grotiusplaats. The only difference is the three added floors on top of the eastern side that express itself as a separate pavilion.

The AMC in Amsterdam is the largest academic hospital in the Netherlands and comprises of about half a million square meters of floor space.The design dates back from late seventies and is from the Dutch architects van Mourik and Duintjer. Twelve blocks form a system of buildings and parts, a cluster made up of a uniform concrete supporting structure, connected by the public atriums and covered streets. The total distinguishes itself in size, scale and material and is reflected in the environment as a monolith.

The variety of usable space and technical layers in section makes the building highly flexible and a challenge for long-term renovation.

Besides the hospital, the complex also includes the medical faculty of the University of Amsterdam.

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Based on the existing structure, characteristics and facade fragments, the potential of the existing building is mapped out. Floor heights, column patterns and access principles are decisive.

BUILT-UP

Urgencies in renovation combined with the individuality of the different building types will lead to strong and challenging opportunities.

Slab

ACCENTS

ANATOMY ● An overview

BUILDING TYPE

TAX OFFICE Leeuwarden

FUNCTIONS

Offices

FACADE

Public

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PALACE OF JUSTICE Arnhem

AMC Amsterdam

Carre

Offices

DE KNIP Amsterdam

Cluster

Offices

BRIDGE BUILDING The Hague

Tower

Bridge

Bedtowers Hospital

Restaurant

Offices

Offices

Tax offices Public

Public Justice

Hospital

Public

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ENERGY PRODUCING

To generate a renewed perspective and future value different goals have been formulated as (technical) guiding themes. Based on five subjects, the interventions are categorized and being researched per case study.

BRIDGE BUILDING The Hague

DE KNIP Amsterdam

AMC Amsterdam

Which positions are being made and what effect do they have on architecture?

PALACE OF JUSTICE Arnhem

TAX OFFICE Leeuwarden

MATRIX ● Based design

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ENERGY REDUCING

FLEXIBILITY

CULTURE

MATERIAL CIRCULARITY

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0 - METING â—? Model of the case studies

Out of three case studies 1:200 models have been made, exposing on one half the supporting structure and the other half the facades. How are these buildings constructed and what is the status quo. To where can, may and do you want to strip?

Research in the cultural as well as the structural will give information about the flexibility and adaptability. What are the different construction methods? How does that relate to load bearing? And how will this effect the interventions?

The principles of the load bearing structures are highlighted in red.

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An overview ● STRUCTURAL

CARRE Palace of Justice Arnhem,1963 Frank Sevenhuijsen

TOWER De Knip, Amsterdam, 1994 Abe Bonnema

BRIDGE Bridge Building,The Hague, 1999 Zwarts & Jansma The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

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CONTEXT ● Meaning

SLAB

CARRE

Tax Office, Leeuwarden, 1970 Piet Zanstra, De Clercq Zubli & Partners

Palace of Justice Arnhem,1963 Frank Sevenhuijsen

The place in the fabric, physical orientation and interconnection with neighbourhood and city are important pillars for redevelopment.

Some of these office buildings were originally located near the city borders. In the meantime they have become centralized or are part of a decentralized hub. They often create an ensemble with surrounding buildings.

N

The specific characteristics of the environment, such as a green periphery, a central walking route or raised plinth, give rise to relevant starting points. These can also arise from characteristics of the building on its environment, such as size and orientation.

nan Justitie

P

HIGHWAY TRAINSTATION PARC / GREEN POWER PLANT CENTRE CHURCH

TRAIN TRACK PEDESTRIAN ROAD HIGHWAY

MOTORWAY

MOTORWAY TRAIN TRACKS ROAD

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PEDESTRIAN

TRAIN TRACKS ROAD PEDESTRIAN

CLUSTER

TOWER

BRIDGE

UMC, AMC, Amsterdam, 1982 Architects Duintjer & van Mourik

De Knip, Amsterdam, 1994 Abe Bonnema

Bridge Building,The Hague, 1999 Zwarts & Jansma

w

P P

MOTORWAY TRAIN TRACKS MOTORWAY TRAIN TRACKS ROAD PEDESTRIAN

ROAD PEDESTRIAN

MOTORWAY TRAIN TRACKS ROAD PEDESTRIAN

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LECTURES ● Facts, figures & relevance

As we only add 1% new in addition to our existing can assume that existing constitute 80% of the next built environment.

buildings stock we buildings 80 years’

Many of these buildings have been built under far lower energy standards and sustainability standards.

By the end of 2020 all new buildings must be near 0 energy use. A zero carbon built environment is set as goal for 2050. A step by step approach will lead to changes in facade performance. As the energy labels for nonresidential buildings differ mainly from G to C this leads to a big refurbishment task.

Reaching the zero carbon goal will have big effect on the building industry, building technology and building material choices as well.This will effect our spatial planning as well as design solutions. Working on it from detail to urban planning and vice versa is necessary.

The Butterfly Diagram (Ellen Mac Arthur Foundation, 2015a)

Sources: Images from lectures of: Hilde Remoy, Thaleia Konstantinou, Sabine Jansen, Jean-Didier Steenacker

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T. KONSTANTINOU

S. JANSEN

J.D. STEENACKERS

Vojens district heating - generation, storage & distribution

ONLY 1% IS ADDED EVERY YEAR

building

energy

labels for non-residential buildings in households thesystem?

Netherlands(VOJENS in How to achieve aofsustainable urban energy Solar thermal plant toEnergy provide 50% heating for 2.000 district heating, Vojens district heating RPBW / Renzo Piano Building Workshop 2010 (source: AgentschapNL) Denmark) • Combination of energystorage reduction, efficiency, Generation, & energy distribution Great Tribunal of Paris

ndards

and renewable - 70.000 m² of solar thermalsupply collectors – 64.000 MWh / year - PIT storage - 205.000 m³ (13 m deep, ca 125 x 125 m)

se and Building Sector

w buildings must be zero energy buildings by ember 2020

Urban Energy Transition Challenges | November 26th 2019 | Sabine Jansen

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arbon Built Environment 0

Combination of energy reduction, energy efficiency and renewable supply

Urban Energy Transition Challenges | November 26th 2019 | Sabine Jansen

ambition to refurbish the g stock

Glazing type distribution in the EU building stock – TNO-60-DTM-2011-00338 report (source: Glass For Europe. (2011). The Future EU Energy Efficiency Plan. Brussels: Europe's Manufacturers of Building, Automotive and Transport Glass)

Sources:

Energy Use and Building Bruijning, Sector S. (2016) Is temporary the new permanent. Master thesis, TU Delft.

Adaptive reuse – use value H. REMOY

8

4

Schieblock - Rotterdam 3

Energieagenda, 2016

Van der Hoek, A. (2016) Refitting vacancy for the creative industry.

Master thesis, TU Delft.

NLY 1% ADDED ERY YEAR

ilience of buildings

Het Schieblock. (n.d.).

12.12.17: http://www.schiebloc k.com/index.php?pag eID=5

ity to reactEnergy to and withstand shocks and stress labels for non-residential buildings in Energy labels for non-residential buildings in the Netherlands in 2010 (source: AgentschapNL)

the Neterlands in 2010 (Agentschap NL)

Adaptive Reuse - Use Value Schieblok - Rotterdam

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Flooding as example: • Structure / skin safety emove existing windows • Services / equipment safety entilation layer all insulation and new windows • Services / facilities usability adding in the EU building stock – TNO-60-DTM-2011-00338 report (source: Glass For Europe. (2011). The 4 • Structure / skin / services: encyinsulation Plan. Brussels: Europe's Manufacturers of Building, Automotive and Transport Glass) oof eat-recovery ventilation Costs of repair vs. maintenance

dSkin Technical solution

V panels

Macroeconomic trends as example: • 2ndSkin Unemployment Technical Solution> less use of office buildings Urban PV Farm Project: Botasolar Shearing > Layers (Brand, 1994) vacancy • Structure / site (re)usability The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE 23 • Structure / skin adaptability • Spatial adaptability • Structure / services usability and adaptability 17

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II

STUDENT WORK

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BEST DESIGNS OF THE BES BUILDING ENGINEERING STUDIO

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SLAB Tax Office, Leeuwarden, 1970 Piet Zanstra, De Clercq Zubli & Partners

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the stormwater floods a drainages.

WAN

Spring / Fall Solar

(un)

The former Tax Office B is situated in an insdustr historical centrum and th

schematic section CThe hange yesterdays uno W basic concept scheme.

Situation

Concept Winter Solar

The main idea was to target materials by reusing and re other sensitive problem I wa the stormwater floods and drainages.

Summer Solar

(un)WANTED Eszter Catona ● aE BES 19/20 ● Leeuwarden

former Tax Office Build MATERIAL CIRCULARITYThe is situated in an insdustrial a

Spring / Fall Solar

historical centrum and the s

WAN

The schematic section on th (un) basic concept scheme.

Change yesterdays u

Situation

Concept

The main idea was to target waste unWANTED materials by reusing and recycling them. The other sensitive problem I wanted to solve was the stormwater floods and overloading of water drainages.

Materials

The schematic section o basic concept scheme.

According to Pu Liu an arch in Wind turbine bla will be 43 million tonns de by 2050“.

Materials

Materials

These wind turbine bla le because they are m Glass Fiber, which cur

PV/T Panels

Natural Ventilation

S

um

m

ter

Air change

Electricity

With closed sun protection

Air change

Electricity

With open sun protection

Rotatable shading wind turbines

Without sun protection

Rotatable shading wind turbines

consumption.

These wind turbine blades It is important to have p le because they are mainl resources.

Bringing wi Glass Fiber, which curren city, raises for inhabita value. Contrary to its valu areconsumption. high, especially when smaller pieces on site. An to seperate the glued mat blades. An alternative app but to reuse them, such as ments.

The diagram on the right s the wind blades. Combinin of 10-25 years, nowdays de has a length of 30-100

On the "Harvest Map“ from plenty of dead blades to b type called AERPAC APX for 2 reasons: first, they a the site, and second, they its size is suitable to the T

It is important to have pers resources. Bringing wind city, raises for inhabitants consumption.

Heat pump

Heat pump Water storage

Water storage

With open sun protection

The best way to be sustainable in architecture is to renovate an existing building. Nothing requires less embodied energy, than to restore a building.

A large part of the existing building, such as load-bearing structure and staircases are kept.

Meanwhile, the exterior railings from the balconies, metal and wooden parts of the facade, as well as the original carpet flooring are reused.

With closed sun protection

Plants need soil, but their combined weight would be challanging for the existing balcony. With the granulate from used diapers, one can easily create light-weight soil. Besides reducing weight, they make soil nutritious and can absorb a great amount of water then release the stored water.

With open sun protection

2000-2005 70 m

Plants have several advantages like: - Producing Oxygen - Absorbing CO2 - Filter the air by capturing dust particles on leaves - Sound Insulation - Creating microclimate in the summer through evaporation, and in winter through an additional insulation layer on the facade. Additionally, they are less dense in the winter, so they allow sunlight to pass through, therefore can heat up the space.

- Soil can ca��pture (storm) water - Creating/protecting biodiversity in cities - Some plants have producing food - Studies shows several positive health impacts of being surrounded by plants

Tax Office Building Leeuwarden

1995-2000 50 m

Without sun protection

The solar protective blades have an irregular shape, so they do not cover the facade com�letelyTo avoid localised overheating, the former balconies are transformed to huge pots for plants.

Tax Office Building Leeuwarden

Building Engineering Studios 2019/20 I Group Prof. Nout I Eszter Katona 5132096

2005-2010 80 m

2010-2015 100 m

Nowdays 125 m

Future ??? m

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

The best way to be sustainable in architecture is to renovate an existing building. Nothing requires less embodied energy, than to restore a building.

A large part of the existing building, such as load-bearing structure and staircases are kept.

Meanwhile, the exterior railings from the balconies, metal and wooden parts of the facade, as well as the original carpet flooring are reused.

The solar protective blades have an irregular shape, so they do not cover the facade com�letelyTo avoid localised overheating, the former balconies are transformed to huge pots for plants.

Plants have several advantages like: - Producing Oxygen - Absorbing CO2 The best- way beair sustainable in architecture is Filterto the by capturing dust particles to renovate on leavesan existing building. Nothing requires less-embodied energy, than to restore a builSound Insulation ding.

- Creating microclimate in the summer through evaporation, and in winter through an A large part of the existing building, as Additioadditional insulation layer on the such facade. load-bearing and staircases areso kept. nally, theystructure are less dense in the winter, they Meanwhile, the exterior railings from the balcoallow sunlight to pass through, therefore can nies, metal andspace. wooden parts of the facade, as heat up the well as the original carpet are reused.

- Soil can ca� �pture flooring (storm) water - Creating/protecting biodiversity in cities - Some plants have producing food - Studies shows several positive health impacts of being surrounded by plants

With closed sun protection

It is important It istoimportant have personal to have contact personal to our contact to our resources. resources.

Bringing wind Bringing turbine wind blades turbine into blades the into the city, raises city, for inhabitants raises for inhabitants awarenessawareness of their of their Future ??? m consumption. consumption.

thermo-active building component

Shading Solar radiation Shading Solar radiation

will be 43 million will betonns 43 million of blade tonns waste of blade worldwiwaste worldwide by 2050“. de by 2050“.

On the "Harvest On the Map“ "Harvest from Superuse, Map“ fromthere Superuse, are there are plenty of dead plenty blades of dead to buy. blades I chose to buy. the blade I chose the blade Nowdays type called type AERPAC called APX-60-T AERPAC from APX-60-T this map from this map 125 m for 2 reasons: for first, 2 reasons: they are first, available they are near available to near to the site, andthe second, site, and they second, are 3�0they meters are long, 3�0 meters so long, so its size is suitable its sizeto is the suitable Tax Office to thefacade.

Tax Office facade.

thermo-active building component

Win

ter

1990-1995 30 m

2010-2015 The diagram The on diagram the right on shows the right the evolution shows the ofevolution of 100 m the wind blades. the wind Combining blades.that Combining with the that lifespan with the lifespan of 10-25 years, of 10-25 nowdays years, the nowdays most common the most blacommon blade has a length de has of 30-100 a lengthmeters. of 30-100 meters.

er

Without sun protection

Win

1990-1995 30 m

These windThese turbine wind blades turbine are hard blades to are recychard to recycle because le they because are mainly they made are mainly from Carbon/ made from Carbon/ Glass Fiber,Glass whichFiber, currently which has currently a low recycle has a low recycle value. Contrary value. toContrary its value,to the itstransport value, thecosts transport costs are high, especially are high,when especially they are when notthey cut are into not cut into 2005-2010 smaller pieces smaller on site. pieces Another on site. problem Another is how problem is how 80 m to seperateto the seperate glued material the glued mixture material inside mixture the inside the blades. An alternative blades. An alternative approach isapproach not to recycle is not to recycle but to reusebut them, to reuse such as them, solar such shading as solar eleshading elements. ments.

Micro clima through plants

m

er

city, raises for inhabita

1980-1990 17 m

2000-2005 70 m

The diagram onContrary the torigh value. its v Wind energy isare currently high, especially wha wind blades.

Comb smaller pieces on site. notthe everybody aware om tois seperate the glued of 10-25 years, nowda blades. An alternative se wind turbines and how but to reuse them, suc de Perhaps has a length ments. of 30them. the most s The diagram on the righ blades lifespan betwee theis wind blades. Comb of 10-25 years, nowda On the "Harvest Map“ f de has a length of 30plenty of blades t According todead Pu Liu and C On the "Harvest Map“ f plenty of dead blades t type called AERPAC A arch in Wind turbine blade type called AERPAC A for 2 reasons: first, the for 2 reasons: first, the will be 43 million tonns of the site, and second, th its size is suitable to th the2050“. site, and second, th de by It is important to to have its size is suitable thp resources. Bringing wi

PV/T Panels

Natural Ventilation

Micro clima through plants

S

um

1980-1990 17 m

1995-2000 50 m

hout sun protection

These wind turbine bla le because they are m Glass Fiber, which cur value. Contrary to its v are high, especially wh Wind energy is current not everybody is awar smaller pieces site. se windon turbines and h Perhaps the mos to seperatethem. the glued m blades lifespan is betw blades. An alternative According to Pu Liu an in Wind turbine bla but to reusearch them, such will be 43 million tonns de by 2050“. ments.

(un)

Wind energy is currently a popular industry, but not everybody is aware of the huge scale of these wind turbines and how affordable is Concept to build them. Concept Perhaps the most shocking fact is that the blades lifespan is between 10-25 years.

The main idea The was main toidea target was waste to target unWANTED waste unWANTED According to Pu Liu and Claire Y.them.

Barlow‘s rematerials by materials reusing and by reusing recycling and recycling The them. The other sensitive other problem sensitive I wanted problem to Isolve wanted was to solve was searchtheinstormwater Wind turbine blade waste in 2050, the stormwater floods and overloading floods and overloading of water of water “theredrainages. will be drainages.

43 million tonns of blade waste The former Tax former Office Building Tax Office in Leeuwarden Building in Leeuwarden worldwide

by The 2050“. is situated in isan situated insdustrial in an area, insdustrial right next area,toright the next to the historical centrum historical and centrum the station. and station.

These wind turbine blades are the hard to recyThe schematic Thesection schematic on the section right on shows the right the shows cle because they are mainly made from Car- the basic concept basic scheme. concept scheme. bon/ Glass Fiber, which currently has a low recycle value. Contrary to its value, the transport costs are high, especially when they are not cut into smaller pieces on site. Another problem is how to seperate the glued material mixture inside the blades. An alternative approach is not to recycle but to reuse them, such as solar shading elements.

The diagram on the right shows the evolution of the wind blades. Combining that with the lifespan of 10-25 years, nowdays the most common blade has a length of 30-100 meters.

On the “Harvest Map“ from Superuse, there are plenty of dead blades to buy. I chose the blade type called AERPAC APX-60-T from this map for 2 reasons: first, they are available near to the site, and second, they are 30 meters long, so its size is suitable to the Tax Office facade.

Wind energy Wind is currently energy isa currently popular industry, a popular but industry, but not everybody not aware personal of is the aware huge of scale the huge of thescale It is important toiseverybody have contact to of these wind turbines se wind and turbines how affordable and how is affordable to build is to build them.

Perhaps them. the Perhaps most shocking the most fact shocking is that the fact our resources. Bringing wind turbine bladesis that the blades lifespan blades is between lifespan is 10-25 between years.

10-25 years. into the city, raises for inhabitants awareness According to According Pu Liu and to Claire Pu LiuY. and Barlow‘s Claire Y. reseBarlow‘s resein Wind arch turbine in Wind blade turbine waste blade in 2050, waste "there in 2050, "there of theirarch consumption.

hout sun protection

Wind energy is current not everybody is awar se wind turbines and h them. Perhaps the mos blades lifespan is betw

Winter Solar

Change yesterdays Change yesterdays unWANTED unWANTED waste to WANTED! waste to WANTED!

28

The former Tax Office B is situated in an insdustr historical centrum and th

Spring / Fall Solar

WANTED! WANTED!

(un)

The main idea was to tar materials by reusing and other sensitive problem the stormwater floods a drainages.

Summer Solar

Winter Solar

This is you!

This is you!

Some companies alre create solid bricks w Using this technique, waste to any basic fo plants.

Cork is a natural mat sustainable if we coll bottles, shoes, or old them for insulation!

SInce cork comes fro which is released into ning it. This gives ano reuse them.

Europaletts are wide ducts. But if they can re, it makes perfect s for plants.

The choice for Europ ding“ was also made ments. The Tax Offic loadbearing facade c meters. The length of of this raster, which ony.

The fixture onto the p are easily replaceabl these paletts are dis conditions.

1

Some companies alre create solid bricks w Using this technique, o waste to any basic fo plants.

Cork is a natural mate sustainable if we coll bottles, shoes, or old them for insulation!

SInce cork comes fro which is released into ning it. This gives ano reuse them.

Some companies alread create solid bricks with h Using this technique, one Europaletts are form wide waste to any basic ducts. But if they can plants. re, it makes perfect s for plants.

WANTED!

(un)

Change yesterdays unWANTED waste to WANTED!

23

30.0 15.0

30.0

295.0

120.5

278.0

120.5

20

45.0

+3015,0

22 21

42.5 70.6

+2675,0

Detail B

+2335,0

45.0

30.0

+635,0

21 22

+00,0

Elevation South 1:20

Vertical Section 1:20

View from inside 1:20

360.0 120.0

120.0

Detail B 1:5

120.0

Detail A 1:5

105.4

Detail A 10

18

13

16

13

15

30.0

2 10

11

7

1 2 14.4

49.0 11.9

8.0

7.0

20

Building Engineering Studios 2019/20 I Group Prof. Nout I Eszter Katona 5132096

8.0

10.0

10.0

42.5

142.4

5 4 3 2

15 15

15.0

2

1

15

10.0

13 Steel cladding from former railings 14 Drainage 15 Timber construction 16 Air change duct (exhaust) 17 Thermal activated ceiling 18 Double hung window with double glazing 19 Wind turbine blade shading opened 20 Wind turbine blade shading closed 2 1 Steel construction 22 Wind turbine motor 23 PV/T Panels

3.0

1 Existing concrete loadbearing structure 2 Recycled cork insulation 3 Compressed waste plastic pot 4 Water protection foil 5 Gravel big from old construction 6 Gravel small from old construction 7 Filter mat and Light-weight soil 8 Plants 9 Wooden under construction from Europalett 10 Wooden cladding from reused timber 11 Europalett 12 Hook connector

5.0

5.0

19

Horizontal Section 1:20

16

15

6

2

19

2 14

10.0

18

12

7 4

15 20

8

8

15.0

12 11

30.0

4

2 9 10

17

2

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row â—? SECOND LIFE

29

5.

1:1000 ELEVATIONS

OLOGY CHNtwo To maintain the orginal height of the TA Monument, floors were removed inorder to ma WATER TE PI L OF CA E TH EN: RD A W accessible and integrated into the overall design.

However the wooden pavillion can be sim LEEU of the existing roof structure. m00Çà ª(0y X² ª0J ª(0( ² ÀR0 ! §XÀ m I ª à À0ª À0!Ry m Jæ Xy ÀR0 y0ÀR0ªm y(²‫ خ‬ ²0§ ׁׂׂّׄ‫ ׀ׂ׀ׂ ة‬ÀR0 !XÀæ àXmm R ²À 0Ǫ §0 y à À0ª À0!Ry m Jæ à00j ׂ‫خ׀ׂ׀‬ ÀR0 À å IIX!0 II0ª² ÀR0 §0ªI0!À ²XÀ0 I ª à À0ª À0!R ²À ªÀǧ À m Çy!R ÀR0Xª ÇX²²y0²²‫خ‬

SPOUNGE CITY Katherina Bruh ● aE BES 19/20 ● Leeuwarden

80326 mm

3.

EXISTING

ENERGY PRODUCTION & WATER STORAGE

SPONGE

SPONGE CITY BUILDING FOR THE WATER CAPITAL

! y!0§À

ROOF total area: 1115 m2 total annual rainfall: 1048 m3

Xȁ ɈǘƵ yƵɈǘƵȲǶƊȁƮȺ‫ ة‬ɈǘƵ ƦɐǞǶɈ ƵȁɨǞȲȌȁǿƵȁɈ ǘƊȺ ƦƵǐɐȁ ɈȌ ȲƵȺȯȌȁƮ ɈȌ ɈǘƵ ǞȺȺɐƵ ȌǏ ɐȲƦƊȁ ˜ȌȌƮǞȁǐ ‫ خ‬ yȌȲǿƊǶǶɯ ȺɐƧƧƵƵƮƵƮ Ʀɯ ȯƵȲǞȌƮȺ ȌǏ ƮȲƊɐǐǘɈ‫˜ ة‬ƊȺǘ ˜ȌȌƮȺ ƊȲƵ ƦƵƧȌǿǞȁǐ ǿȌȲƵ ƧȌǿǿȌȁ ɩǞɈǘ ȲǞȺǞȁǐ temperatures associated with Climate Change. When we look round our urban environment, it becomes apparent that the buildings, concrete surfaces and sewer systems cannot cope with the Ǟȁ˜ɐɮ‫ خ‬

GY

LO TECHNO WATER

TAL OF 1. ٌ ªƊǞȁ ǏƊǶǶǞȁǐ Ȍȁ ɈǘƵ ȲȌȌǏ ǞȺ ȲƵɈƊǞȁƵƮ ɐȺǞȁǐ Ɗ THE CAPI ARDEN:

South Elevation BASIN 1:1000 Today, we need our buildings are to be more like sponges. By doing so, the built environment can a: 976 m2 ǘƵǶȯ ɈȌ ǿǞȁǞǿǞȺƵ ɈǘƵ ȲǞȺDz ȌǏ ˜ȌȌƮǞȁǐ Ǟȁ ƧǞɈǞƵȺ‫§ خ‬ȌǶƮƵȲ ȲȌȌǏ ȺɯȺɈƵǿȺ ƧƊȁ ǘƵǶȯ ɈȌ ȲƵɈƊǞȁ ȲƊǞȁ ɩƊɈƵȲ‫ ة‬No floors removed but height is added.

The exisiting balconies are an integral utilising it to grow sedum which can reduce the overall temperature of a building in summer. nual rainfall: 917 m3 Fitted with smart technology, the system can release water, to ensure in the case of inclement

LEEUW ȯȌǶƮƵȲ ȲȌȌǏ ȺɯȺɈƵǿ

ٌ JȲƵɯ ɩƊɈƵȲ ǞȺ ɈǘƵȁ ǘƊȲɨƵȺɈƵƮ ƊȁƮ ɈȲƵƊɈƵƮ Ȍȁ LEEUWARDEN IS REGARDED AS THE CAPITAL FOR ɈǘƵ ȲȌȌǏ ɐȺǞȁǐ ȁƊɈɐȲƊǶ ˛ǶɈƵȲƊɈǞȌȁȺ ȺɯȺɈƵǿȺ WATER TECHNOLOGY IN THE NETHERLANDS. ƦƵǏȌȲƵ ɐȺƵƮ ɈǘȲȌɐǐǘȌɐɈ ɈǘƵ ƦɐǞǶƮǞȁǐ‫خ‬

weather, roof is not overloaded. part of the TaxtheOce’s monumnetality.

GY storage integrated ater into SMART POLDER SYSTEM 4.ٌ §ȌǶƮƵȲ ȲȌȌǏ ȺɯȺɈƵǿ Urban Basin’s can double up as parks. During dry periods, the basin creates a multilevel which helps reduce Theflash solararea balconies celebrate the ȲƵɈƊǞȁȺ ȲƊǞȁ ɩƊɈƵȲ‫ خ‬ for theatre, sports and play. During heavy rain, these basins collects the water expelled ȺǿƊȲɈ ȯȌǶƮƵȲ ȺɯȺɈƵǿ by neighbouring buildings, transforming into a water feature. Grey water is retained and xcess water released slowly ǞȺ ǶǞȁDzƵƮ ɩǞɈǘ ɩƵƊɈǘƵȲ released so not to orginal overload the capacity of the storm drains. As the water capital of the histrory ofslowly the builings design. ǏȌȲƵƧƊȺɈȺ‫ خ‬Xȁ ɈǘƵ ƵɨƵȁɈ SPONGE CITY Netherlands, Leeuwarden’s building should be the test site of all water technology. ȌǏ ǘƵƊɨɯ ȲƊǞȁǏƊǶǶ‫ ة‬ɈǘƵ system. ȯȌǶƮƵȲ ȲȌȌǏ ɩǞǶǶ BUILDING FOR THE WATER CAPITAL ȲƵǶƵƊȺƵ ɈǘƵ ɩƊɈƵȲ Xȁ mƵƵɐɩƊȲƮƵȁ‫ ة‬ɈǘƵ ȲȌȌǏ ƊȁƮ ɈǘƵ ƵɮǞȺɈǞȁǐ ƧȌȁƧȲƵɈƵ ƦƊǶƧȌȁǞƵȺ ȌǏ ɈǘƵ ƊƦƊȁƮȌȁƵƮ ÀƊɮ Ǐ˛ƧƵ ȌǏǏƵȲƵƮ EXISTING

SEP 21-24, 2020 THE CITY WILL HOST EUROPEAN WATER TECHNOLOGY WEEK 2020.

South Elevation

1:1000

WA

Monument origanal height maintained b

THE TAX OFFICE OFFERS THE PERFECT SITE FOR WATER TECH STARTUP TO LAUNCH THEIR BUISSNESS.

4.

SPONGE

CONCEPT

NEW BALCONIES Ɗ ȺɐǏ˛ƧǞƵȁɈ ȺɐȲǏƊƧƵ ƊȲƵƊ ɈȌ ƧȌǶǶƵƧɈ ƊȁƮ ȲƵɈƊǞȁ ɩƊɈƵȲ‫ خ‬ÀǘƵ ƦɐǞǶƮǞȁǐȺ ǞȺ ƊǶǞǐȁƵƮ ɈȌ ɈǘƵ 0ƊȺɈ ɈȌ àƵȺɈ‫ ة‬ offering a unique opportunity to use the long South face to capture not only water but solar total area: 136 m2 energy. However, the building is a notable monument and thus respecting the original design is imperative. .

2. - Balconies fit with new

ROOF total area: 1115 m2 total annual rainfall: 1048 m3

ȺɈȌȲƵƮ ɈȌ ƵȁȺɐȲƵ ɈǘƵ In the Netherlands, the built environment has begun to respond to the issue of urban flooding . ȲȌȌǏ ǞȺ ȁȌɈ ȌɨƵȲ Normally succeeded by periods of draught, flash floods are becoming more common with rising temperatures associated with Climate Change. When we look round our urbanǶȌƊƮƵƮ‫خخخ‬ environment, it

ROOF SYSTEM

1. - Rain falling on the roof is2. retained using a

becomes apparent that the buildings, concrete surfaces and sewer systems cannot cope with the influx.

The ar years, and se buildin the se

2.

polder roof system - Grey water is then harvested and treated on the roof using natural filterations systems before used throughout the building.

W

ATE Maintenance: Jeff demonstrates how to access the mechanical elements for maintenance.

RCA

Today, we need our buildings are to be more like sponges. By doing so, the built environment can

help to minimise the risk of flooding in cities. Polder roof systems can help to retain rain water, ǘɯȲƮȲȌƦȌȁɈƊǞƧ ˛Ƕ ȲƊǞȁ ȲƊǞȺƵƮ ǐȲƊɨƵǶ All equipment is accessible under grill, see axo below. integrated gutter system. utilising it to grow sedum which can reduce the overall temperature of a building in summer. ǐƵȁƵȲƊɈǞȌȁ ƦƵƮ Ɗ Fitted with smart technology, the system can release water, to ensure in the case of inclement In the Netherlands, the built environment ȯȌȁƮȺ weather, the roof is not overloaded.

- New drain pipes addesd 4/5.

Urban Basin’s can double up as parks. During dry periods, the basin creates a multilevel has begun to respond to the issue ofother urbancolumn 1.

North Elevation East West E to every to area for theatre, sports and play. During heavy rain, theseElevation basins collects the water expelled by neighbouring buildings, transforming into a water feature. Grey water is retained and flooding . Normally succeeded by raitnwater periods released so not to overload the capacity of the storm drains. As the water capital of the redirect toslowly exter1:1000 1:1000 1:1000ÇȲƦ ǏȌȲƵƧƊȺɈ ǏȌȲ ȲƊǞȁ ȯȌǶƮƵȲ ȲȌȌǏ Netherlands, Leeuwarden’s building should be the test site of all water technology. ǿȌȲƵ ȲƊǞȁ of draught, flash floods arenal becoming basin. more In Leeuwarden, the roof and the existing concrete balconies of the abandoned Tax Office offered a sufficient surface area to collect and retain water. The buildings is aligned to the East to West, a unique opportunity to use the long face to capture not onlyshow water but solar common with rising temperatures associated AllSouth elevations an underground cinema integrated into the Urban Basin design.

- Possible integratedoffering plantenergy. However, the building is a notable monument and thus respecting the original design is 5. The existing balcony design is an inherent part of the buildings imperative. . on the old with Climate Change. Whening wesystem look round monumentality. To maintain the original identity, the new design 1:1000 ELEVATIONS seeks to emphasise the horizontal language. ÀȌ ǿƊǞȁɈƊǞȁ ɈǘƵ ȌȲǐǞȁƊǶ ǘƵǞǐǘɈ ȌǏ ɈǘƵ wȌȁɐǿƵȁɈ‫ ة‬Ɉ balconies increases water our urban environment, it becomes apparent ƊƧƧƵȺȺǞƦǶƵ ƊȁƮ ǞȁɈƵǐȲƊɈƵƮ ǞȁɈȌ ɈǘƵ ȌɨƵȲƊǶǶ ƮƵȺǞǐȁ‫ خ‬R ȌǏ ɈǘƵ ƵɮǞȺɈǞȁǐ ȲȌȌǏ ȺɈȲɐƧɈɐȲƵ‫ خ‬ absorbtion WATER RETENTION that the buildings, concrete surfaces and sewer

MP

SMART POLDER SYSTEM 4.

4.- Polder roof system

retains rain water. A smart polder system is linked with weather forecasts. In the event of heavy rainfall, the polder roof will release the water stored to ensure the roof is not over loaded...

SOLAR BALCONIES

ROOF SYSTEM

2.

IAGRAM

2.

rain

raised gravel bed

4/5.

hyrdrobontaic generation ponds

filtered + aerated

1.

systems cannot cope with the influx. ng March 2019: after weeks of drought, Leeu3.

Today, we need our buildings are to be warden experienced a flash flood with -in-leeuwarden/ 100cm of rain falling in 2 weeks. nearly-back-to-or-exceeding-normal-levels/ more like sponges. By doing so, the built The area is suseptible to flash flooding. in the coming environment can help to minimise the risk of years, climate warming will increase the frequency flooding in cities. Polder roof systems can help and severity of downpours. the aim is to use the South Elevation building to retain grey water to reduce the load of URBAN BASIN 1:1000 to retain rain water, utilising it to grow sedum total area: 976 m2 the sewer systems. total annual rainfall: 917 m3 which can reduce the overall temperature 5. 0ɮɈƵȲȁƊǶ ɩƊɈƵȲ ȺɈȌȲƊǐƵ ǞȁɈƵǐȲƊɈƵƮ ǞȁɈȌ ɐƦȲƊȁ ȯƊȲDz ɩǘǞƧǘ ǘƵǶȯȺ ȲƵƮɐƧƵ ˜ƊȺǘ ˜ȌȌƮǞȁǐ‫ خ‬0ɮƧƵȺȺ ɩƊɈƵȲ ȲƵǶƵƊȺƵƮ ȺǶȌɩǶɯ of a building in summer. Fitted with smart ǞȁɈȌ ǐɐɈɈƵȲ ȺɯȺɈƵǿ‫خ‬ NEW BALCONIES technology, the system can release water, to total area: 136 m2 2. ٌ ƊǶƧȌȁǞƵȺ ˛Ɉ ɩǞɈǘ ȁƵɩ ensure in the case of inclement weather, the ǞȁɈƵǐȲƊɈƵƮ ǐɐɈɈƵȲ ȺɯȺɈƵǿ‫خ‬ ٌ yƵɩ ƮȲƊǞȁ ȯǞȯƵȺ ƊƮƮƵȺƮ WA roof is not overloaded.

North Elevation East Elevation ɈȌ ƵɨƵȲɯ ȌɈǘƵȲ ƧȌǶɐǿȁ ɈȌ TER ȲƵƮǞȲƵƧɈ ȲƊǞɈȁɩƊɈƵȲ ɈȌ ƵɮɈƵȲ1:1000 1:1000 C A Urban Basin’s can double up as parks. During ȁƊǶ ƦƊȺǞȁ‫خ‬ MP ǶǶ ƵǶƵɨƊɈǞȌȁȺ ȺǘȌɩ Ɗȁ ɐȁƮƵȲǐȲȌɐȁƮ ƧǞȁƵǿƊ ǞȁɈƵǐȲ US ٌ §ȌȺȺǞƦǶƵ ǞȁɈƵǐȲƊɈƵƮ ȯǶƊȁɈLEE Ǟȁǐ ȺɯȺɈƵǿ Ȍȁ ɈǘƵ ȌǶƮ dry periods, the basin creates a multilevel UW ƦƊǶƧȌȁǞƵȺ ǞȁƧȲƵƊȺƵȺ ɩƊɈƵȲ AR ƊƦȺȌȲƦɈǞȌȁ CONCEPT DIAGRAM Maintenance: Jeff demonstrates how toDuring access the mechanical elements for maintenance. area for theatre, sports and play. heavy DE The annual energy output for a 11 sqm Panasonic N300 PV panel: How water is retained by the building All equipment is accessible under grill, see axo below.

CONCEPT DIAGRAM N 93,500 watts rain, these basins collects the water expelled The possible annual energy output for the total south facing facade: by neighbouring buildings, transforming into 12,342,000 watts a water feature. Grey water is retained and CLIMATE DI SOLAR BALCONIES CLIMAT SOLAR BALCONIES This is equal to 398 air-conditioning units being on for 9 hours slowly released so not to overload the capacity of the day. Although on average temperatures in summer The existing balcony design is an inherent part of the buildings the original identity, the new design don’t exceed 18C, the solar balconies can be used to power air of the stormmonumentality. drains.

AsTo maintain the water capital of the seeks to emphasise the horizontal language. conditioning units to regulate of internal temperatures during the hottest periods of the year.

Netherlands, Leeuwarden’s building should be the test site of all water technology.

Total balconies on south facing facade: 132 1 panel area: 4.8 sqm Total south facing area: 1452 sqm Panel pitch: 79 In Leeuwarden, the roof and the existing Panel model: Panasonic N300 ROOF SYSTEM concrete balconies of the abandoned Tax https://eu-solar.panasonic.net/en/solar-tool-calculator-yield.htm http://energyusecalculator.com/electricity_centralac.htm 2. offered a sufficient surface area to Office collect and retain water. The buildings is aligned to the East to West, offering a unique hyrdrobontaic rain raised gravel filtered + tested flush away!

LOCAL CLIMATE CONTROL: HEATING 6. opportunity to use the long South face to generation bed aerated LOCAL CLIMATE CONTROL: HEATING ponds capture not only water 6. but solar energy.

4/5.

However, the building is a notable monument and thus respecting the original design is SUMMER STR imperative. The annual energy output for a 11 sqm Panasonic N300 PV panel: 3.

RAIN COLLECTION rain

forecast for more rain

polder roof

Urban basin empty

5.

1:1000 ELEVATIONS

To maintain the orginal height of the Monument, two floors w accessible and integrated into the overall design. However the of the existing roof structure.

3.

CLIMATE DIAGRAM yȌ ˜ȌȌȲȺ ȲƵǿȌɨƵƮ ƦɐɈ ǘƵǞǐǘɈ ǞȺ ƊƮƮƵƮ‫خ‬

South Elevation

URBAN BASIN total area: 976 m2 total annual rainfall: 917 m3

1:1000

No floors removed but height is added.

Sout

1:1000

Monum

5. External water storage integrated into ubran park which helps reduce flash flooding. Excess water released slowly into gutter system.

NEW BALCONIES total area: 136 m2 2. - Balconies fit with new

integrated gutter system.

- New drain pipes addesd to every other column to redirect raitnwater to external basin.

- Possible integrated planting system on the old balconies increases water absorbtion

Maintenance: Jeff demonstrates how to access the mechanical elements for maintenance.

How water is retained by the building All equipment is accessible under grill, see axo below. https://northerntimes.nl/more-flash-flood-protection-in-leeuwarden/

East Elevation 1:1000

North Elevation 1:1000

All elevations show an underground cinema integrated into th

https://northerntimes.nl/more-flash-flood-protection-in-leeuwarden/ https://northerntimes.nl/rainy-weather-water-levels-nearly-back-to-or-exceeding-normal-levels/ https://northerntimes.nl/rainy-weather-water-levels-nearly-back-to-or-exceeding-normal-levels/

The existing balcony design is an inherent part of the buildings monumentality. To maintain the original identity, the new design seeks to emphasise the horizontal language.

6.

The annual energy output for a 11 sqm Panasonic N300 PV panel: 93,500 watts The possible annual energy output for the total south facing facade: 12,342,000 watts

5.

LOCAL CLIMATE CONTROL: HEATING

3.

RAIN COLLECTION

This is equal to 398 air-conditioning units being on for 9 hours of the day. Although on average temperatures in summer don’t exceed 18C, the solar balconies can be used to power air conditioning units to regulate of internal temperatures during the hottest periods of the year.

watts forecast for rain93,500 polder roof The possible annual energy output for the total south facing facade: more rain 12,342,000 watts

1 panel area: 4.8 sqm Panel pitch: 79 Panel model: Panasonic N300

Urban basin empty

Total balconies on south facing facade: 132 Total south facing area: 1452 sqm

polder roof emptied

Total balconies on south facing facade: 132 Total south facing area: 1452 sqm

7. LOCAL CLIMATE CONTROL: PASSIVE VENTILATION

To maintain the orginal height of the Monument, two floors were removed inorder to make the Polder roof 3.

RAIN COLLECTION https://eu-solar.panasonic.net/en/solar-tool-calculator-yield.htm http://energyusecalculator.com/electricity_centralac.htm accessible and integrated into the overall design. However the wooden pavillion can be simply placed atop 5.

1. The existing primary concrete structure is maintained and insulated. of the existing roof structure.

1.

2. To install the Solar Balconies to the existing structure, a new secondary structural PRIMARY steel element is bolted to the existing concrete balconies to stabilise the new system.

STRUCTURE

80326 mm

3.

CLIMATE CONTROL: ALTERNATIVE STRUCTURE CONCEPT 7. LOCAL

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

No floors removed but height is added.

Rebuild the monumental concrete columns but 1. The existingUse primary structure is maintained and insulated. the table concrete structure with insulation. Timber structure on top.

2. To install the Solar Balconies to the existing structure, a new secondary structural steel element is bolted to the existing concrete balconies to stabilise the new system.

South Elevation

29860 mm

5134358

2.

3.

PV-T PANEL

4.

SUMMER 2. To instal 2.

steel eleme

SECONDARY STRUCTURE

generated by the panel is utilised and transmitted to an enclosedBALCONY box in the centre of SOLAR 4. the unit.

4. The box acts like a micro double skin facade. Residual heat from PV-T is used to PV-T 3. on the passively warm in taking air before it reaches the heat exchange unit located PANEL existing concrete balcony. The volume is small, meaning even sunlight can heat the air within the chamber quickly over the day. This can reduce energy consumption needed to initially war .

ׁ‫ خ‬JȲȌɐȁƮ ²ȌɐȲƧƵ RƵƊɈٌ Thermal energy from P 2. Solar Balconies: gene 3. The Solar 3. This energy is used to panel integ ׄ‫ خ‬ƊȺǞȁ ƊɈ ǐȲȌɐȁƮ ˜ȌȌ

3.

to face true energy. Hea winter to a to power ai

5. Driving wind from the south-west regularly floods the existing balconies. A new

ALTERNATIVE STRUCTUR WINTER STRA 29517 mm

1. Ground Source Heatpump: heat 2. Solar Balconies: generate electr 3. The balcony utlitises the PV-t p taking air before passing it throug less energy to heat air, and gives g

SUMMER STRATEGY BES 2019/20 5134358

4. The box acts like a micro double skin facade. Residual heat from PV-T is used to passively warm in taking air before it reaches the heat exchange unit located on the existing concrete balcony. The volume is small, meaning even sunlight can heat the air TU Delft within the chamber quickly over the day. This can energystructure consumption needed Usereduce the table to initially war .

1. Ground Source Heat-pump: cools water stored in ground Rebuild thefo m 3. with insulatio Thermal energy from PV-T panels stored in ground source he ‫( ىנ‬ȲǞɨǞȁǐ ɩǞȁƮ ǏȲȌǿ ɈǘƵ ȺȌɐɈǘ٧ɩƵȺɈ ȲƵǐɐǶƊȲǶɯ ˹ȌȌƮȺ ɈǘƵ ƵɮǞȺɈǞȁǐ ƦƊǶƧȌȁǞƵȺ‫ ى‬ȁƵɩ 2. Solar Balconies: generate electricity for the building.

ȯƊȁƵǶ ǞȁɈƵǐȲƊɈƵƮ ǞȁɈȌ ɈǘƵ ƮƵȺǞǐȁ‫ ى‬ÀȌ ȌȯɈǞǿǞȺƵ ɈǘƵ ȯƊȁƵǶ‫ٵ‬Ⱥ ƵǏ˸ƧǞƵȁƧɯ‫ ل‬ǞɈ ǘƊȺ ƦƵƵȁ ƊǶǞǐȁƵƮ Monument origanal height maintained by removing floors to face true south and tilt of 79%. The hybrid panel produces both electric and thermal energy. Heated water can be stored in the ground source heat pump utilised in 15431and mm ɩǞȁɈƵȲ ɈȌ ƊǞƮ ɐȁƮƵȲ ˹ȌȌȲ ǘƵƊɈǞȁǐ‫ ى‬0ǶƵƧɈȲǞƧǞɈɯ ǐƵȁƵȲƊɈƵƮ ƧƊȁ ɈȌ ȲƵƮɐƧƵ ƵȁƵȲǐɯ ƧȌȺɈȺ ƊȁƮ to power air conditioning units on the hottest days of the year. Any additional heat

SECONDARY STRUCTURE

15431 mm

Katherina Wei Wei Bruh

Atgenerated the moment the structure only allows for 6121mm as its biggest span.

Glulam can span distance needed byconcrete the panel is utilised and transmitted to an enclosed box inthe the centre of for the building.

Large spans offer greater flexibility of space and suits a range of programmes. This enables safeguards the building for the unit. future changing needs.

1:1000 3. The Solar Balcony is a prefabricated unit made from recycled aluminium with a PV-T

1:1000

SOLAR BALCONY

If it was possible to rebuild from scratch I would want to use wood and concrete.

PASSIVE VENTILATION

BES 2019/20

TU Delft

3. The Solar Balcony is a prefabricated unit made from recycled aluminium with a PV-T panel integrated into the design. To optimise the panel’s efficiency, it has been aligned to face true south and tilt of 79%. The hybrid panel produces both electric and thermal energy. Heated water can be stored in the ground source heat pump and utilised in winter to aid under floor heating. Electricity generated can to reduce energy costs and to power air conditioning units on the hottest days of the year. Any additional heat

29517 mm

Katherina Wei Wei Bruh

South Elevation

4.

1. Ground Source Heat-pump: coo Thermal energy from PV-T panels 2. Solar Balconies: generate electr 3. This energy is used to help pow 4. Basin at ground floor filled so t

1. The existi

Panel model: Panasonic N300

30

SECONDARY STRUCTURE

2.

1.

PRIMARY STRUCTURE

This is equal to 398 air-conditioning units being on for 9 hours of the day. Although on average temperatures in summer don’t exceed 18C, the solar balconies can be used to power air conditioning units to regulate of internal temperatures during the hottest periods of the year. panel area: 4.8 sqm 1:10001Panel ELEVATIONS pitch: 79

2.

5.

Urban basin full

https://eu-solar.panasonic.net/en/solar-tool-calculator-yield.htm http://energyusecalculator.com/electricity_centralac.htm

C Glulam timber frame

D Hydroventiv Sedum Waterproof membrane Insulation Vapour Barrier Existing Concrete Slab

10 9

859

mm

1004mm

A

1

1

2

932mm

6

7

8

5

4 3

B

8

A Cork Panelling Raised floor system Insulation Vapour Barrier Existing Concrete Slab Insulation Aluminium cladding

1. PV-T Panel integrated into Solar Balcony 2. Highly insulated enclosed box 3. Secondary steel structure 4. Service void 5. WTW heat recovery box 6. Gutter system 7. Trench system for ventilation 8. Raised floor system 9. Louvres system for in taking air 10. False ceiling system

External elevation 1:20

External elevation 1:20

Aluminium cladding Alignment and support accessories Void Aluminium window frame Insulation Existing concrete column Drain pipe/ Service space Aluminium cladding

Aluminium cladding profile PV-T Panel with ColorBlast coating Void Secondary Steel Frame Insulation

Internal elevation 1:20

Enclosed area to preheat air Insulation Steel frame Plywood board Aluminium cladding

Aluminium cladding Waterproof Barrier Plywood board Insulation Enclosed area to preheat air Insulation Secondary Steel frame

Metal grill

PV-T intake water pipe

Sill

Gutter

Air duct in taking

Secondary Frame

Rubber profile

WTW- heat exchange

Concrete screws

Rigid Insulation

3609mm

Typical plan 1:20

A: Typical balcony detail 1:5

Balcony detail B 1:5

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row â—? SECOND LIFE

31

A WINDOW TO THE WORLD Maja Lindborg ● aE BES 19/20 ● Leeuwarden

DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY

Energy reduction is achieved by using low U-value façade modules, in which heat and water are reused.

Furthermore, this project is designed for disassembly.

The building contains a 24/7 program to make use of heat excess potentials. By creating a simple glulam frame for each facade opening, each module can be customized to its own needs. An algorithm calculates the optimal combination of upcycled windows and doors for each module, and a breathing facade system decreases the building’s need for mechanical ventilation while being built of natural and 100% recyclable materials. The modules themselves can be assembled in factories to improve working conditions and levels of detailing as well as decrease on-site construction time.

A window to the world Maja Lindborg | 5159806 AR1A080

The building contains a 24/7 program to make use of heat excess potentials. By creating a simple glulam frame for each facade opening, each module can be customized to its own needs. An algorithm calculates the optimal combination of upcycled windows and doors for each module, and a breathing facade system decreases the building’s need for mechanical ventilation while being built of natural and 100% recyclable materials. The modules themselves can be assembled in factories to improve working conditions and levels of detailing as well as decrease on-site construction time.

A window to the world Maja Lindborg | 5159806 AR1A080

The building contains a 24/7 program to make use of heat excess potentials. By creating a simple glulam frame for each facade opening, each module can be customized to its own needs. An algorithm calculates the optimal combination of upcycled windows and doors for each module, and a breathing facade system decreases the building’s need for mechanical ventilation while being built of natural and 100% recyclable materials. The modules themselves can be assembled in factories to improve working conditions and levels of detailing as well as decrease on-site construction time.

32

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

33

34

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

CARRE Palace of Justice Arnhem,1963 Frank Sevenhuijsen

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row â—? SECOND LIFE

35

CONVERSION David Fritz ● aE BES 19/20 ● Arnhem

The overall concept for the preservation of the Palace of Justice includes consisting of the “old building” from 1963 and a transformation of the “new building” from 1998 into a Powerbank and Green CO2 storage.

The focus refers to the “new building” to show a way to avoid demolition. The design divides the building complex into three construction phases, consisting the „Monument“, and the new building, which is split into „Powerbank“ and „Green CO2 Storage“. The idea of the conversion is to develop a modular facade system by reusing the prefab concrete elements. It can be used either to produce energy and thermal heat or to use the framework for intensive greenery to create a comfortable climate. The design is implemented as a double-layer façade, which supports the modular concrete elements.

36

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

ENERGY PRODUCTION, GREEN & REUSE MATERIAL

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

37

THE PARCEL Jesslyn Humardani ● aE BES 19/20 ● Arnhem

Aldo Rossi’s Idea of monuments shaping the city. People’s memory and experience creates a city, and in return, the city will shape how one understands and experience through it. Using the Post-modernist & Rossi’s idea of using architecture as collective memory, and thus even if the function changes, the envelope should stay the same. When translating this to the 21st century context, adaptability and flexibility seems to be a logical route in terms of sustainability.

38

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

ADAPTABILITY

1.

2.

3.

A

B 14.

4.

15.

28.

5.

16.

17.

29.

18.

19.

20.

30.

D

8.

6.

7.

22.

Detail 1 21.

31.

23.

24.

26.

11.

10.

9.

12. 13.

25.

C

27.

Detail 2

1. Glass Balustrade 2. Capping 3. CLT Parapet 4. Glulam Column 5. CLT Slab 6. Timber Window Frame (Interior/Second Skin) 7. CLT Slab 8. Aluminium Louvres 9. Timber Window Frame (Interior/Second Skin) 10. CLT Box in Box Module 11. Aluminium Window Frame (Exterior/First Skin) 12. Existing Load Bearing Column 13. Existing Load Bearing Beam

FACADE ELEVATION @ 1:20 Detail 3

AA - FACADE CROSS SECTION @ 1:20

A

126.

127.

CC - STANDARD FACADE PLAN @ 1:20

BB - LONGITUDINAL SECTION / INT

B

125.

14. Roof Parapet: Galvanized metal roof capping 12.5mm Wood board 25mm Air gap 100mm CLT Wall Waterproof Membrane 160mm Wool Insulation Timber Studs 100mm CLT Wall 15. Green Roof (Expanded in no. 28) 16. 100 mm CLT Wall 17. Ceiling Unit: 50 x 75 mm Timber Studs Ceiling Suspender Rods Ceiling Suspenders Acoustic Insulation Climate Ceiling System (Pipes) Timber Ceiling Finishing 18. 4th Floor CLT Wall 180mm CLT Wall Vapour Barrier 50mm Wool Thermal Insulation 20mm Air Gap 50 x 70mm Timber Studs Waterproof membrane 12.5mm Wood board 19. Glulam Column

20. Timber Flooring: CLT Slab 50 mm Wool Thermal Insulation 50 x 70mm Timber Studs Foot Fall Sound Insulation Vapour Barrier Adhesive Timber floor parquet 21. Transparent Double glazed PV Panels glass 22. Blinders 23. Double glazed window 24. Typical Box Module Wall: 100mm CLT Wall Vapour Barrier 50mm Wool Thermal Insulation 20mm Air Gap 50mm x 70mm Timber Studs Waterproof membrane 12.5 Wood board 25. Metal Grill to allow air to rise 26. Typical Floor between Double Facade Existing Concrete Floor Vapour Barrier 50 mm Wool Thermal Insulation 50 x 70mm Timber Studs Waterproof membrane 10mm Plyboard 27. Added insulation between concrete flooring and existing structural casing

125. Existing Column Exterior Structural Casing Added Rigid Thermal Insulation Existing Steel I Column Column Bracing Interior Structural Casing 126. 10mm Plyboard with Timber Studs Support & Gasket/Rubber Lining between gaps to box/ modules wall 127.Typical box module wall (See no. 24) 128. Glulam column 129. Exterior timber window frame 130. Transparent double glazed PV Panels glass 131. Interior window frame 132. Typical box module wall (See no. 24) 133. Metal grill to allow air to rise 134. Interior double glazed window 135. Interior timber window frame

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row â—? SECOND LIFE

ALL CLT (4TH FLOOR) FACADE PLAN

39

the front, and some opacities. These actions refer to the antique classic idea of the palace of justice, all made of stone.

1.

GRID The grid in architect ding a real clear and suggest that the pala : with umbreakable r lows transparency, a Moreover, the square because of its regula the two axis of the p Dogma, the facade o illustrates the fact th numentality, some pr Amin Taha to show t order and harmony w

2.

3.

SAME BUT NIEUW Ugo Azoulay ● aE BES 19/20 ● Arnhem

ENERGY REDUCTION

4.

5.

HEAT EXCHANGER

The striking ambiguity the Palace of Justice of Arnhem presents is its monolithic facade combined to some large sqared windows.

SAME BUT NIEUW The refurbishment then offers to get its aspect way more radical by opposing the concrete grid to a glazed background screen. The grid in architecture is a powerful form that gives a building a real clear and visible structure. On the façade, this can suggest that the palace of justice is at the image of the Law : with umbreakable rules. This action would be combined to adding insulation to the whole facade along with an inner climate system.

COURT ROOM

A serach for radicality in a monument

Indeed, one could say that the grid that is visible on the isometric view and on the construction site picture, is the clearest composition the facade can host. This powerful form such as the concrete grid is therefore a tool to bring back the monumentality a palace of justice should have.

The striking thing about the palace of justice in Arnhem s its ambiguity. First, it was made of concrete, allowing a trong square structure to emerge on the facade. However, s a second gesture, the architect chose to fill in some of he squares, creating a pattern of symetry, with colums in he front, and some opacities. These actions refer to the ntique classic idea of the palace of justice, all made of tone.

COOLED AIR

SUMMER

INT.

4. Picture of the surrounding buildings, using this rational grid on their façade : radicality, grid, and repetition.

6. La Serre, MVRDV, Parisian region. The power of a struture on the façade.

EXT.

NATURAL VENTILATION

HEATED AIR

6.

7.

WINTER

7. Housing in London, Amine Taha. Stone used as a monolithical grid.

8. Supreme Court in The Hague, Kees Kaan. The strength of reptiton with several rythms, participating to monumetality by its simplicity.

SAS

9. Bruther, Project in Brussels.

The strcuture is visible and rational, giving some unity and homogeneity to the volume of the building.

ABSTRACTION In order to let the grid take all its importance on the façade, the former window frames would be removed. Instead, some large windows would fill the sqaures of the structure. As insulation is needed in this building of the sixties, the new window frames would be implemented in the thickness of the interior insulation, in- creasing the contrast between a thick concrete facade and a much lighter window work, set back.

10. Agriculture project by Dogma. The extreme use of the rationality of the grid for efficiency.

8.

9.

11. Palazzo della Civilità, Rome.

The repetition of a simple form on the façade anchors the monumentality of the building. Radicality, grid, simplicity.

RAIN WATER MANAGEMENT

12/13. System of climate inside the building. Solar panels on the roof allows production of energy used in the offices and for heating and cooling. A heat exchanger heats and cools some water that circulates through pipes over the building, to regulate the climate.

The corridor on the façade acts as a doubleHEATING skin, an intermediate AND COOLING WITH WATER space to heaten/cool the coming air before it enters the offices.

Scales : 12. 1/20 ; 13. 1/10

ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION

Starting from these intentions, the idea would be to make the building fully insulated, in order to anihilate energy waste.

In a second time, it can be interesting to work on the ventilation of such a building, its water gestion (that was previously on the facade), heating; and also design such a particular element as a window (how to open it, or not, to shade or not, to ventilate) in the context of a more radical overall floor plan.

EVAPORATOR

5.

3. Picture of the palace of Justice as it is today.

5. View of the Palace of Justice as it intends to be after the refurbishment, washed of all useless complexitiy in order to make it more readable and radical.

GRID The grid in architecture is a powerful form that gives a building a real clear and visible structure. On the façade, this can suggest that the palace of justice is at the image of the Law : with umbreakable rules. And at the same time, the grid allows transparency, a cherished value for the judicial system.

Moreover, the square grid is even more ruled and powerful because of its regularity in the two axis of the plan. As references, a grid square plan by Dogma, the facade of the supreme court by Kees Kaan that illustrates the fact thant transparency is compatible with monumentality, some projects by Bruther, NP2F, MVRDV and Amin Taha to show that HEATING repetition establi- shes some kind of FLOOR order and harmony when left working on its own.

2.

2. Construction site of the Palace of Justice, showing the radical concrete structure (columns and slabs)

RAIN WATER

1.

1. Isometric view of the structure of the Palace of Justice, 1963.

POWER PRODUCTION

RADICALITY The refurbishment would therefore try to erase this (modern/ classic) ambiguity, keeping the building from beeing read properly, by highlighting a certain radicality.

INTERIOR CLIMATE SYNTHESIS DIAGRAM 10.

CONDENSER

11.

HEATING/COOLING SYSTEM

HEAT EXCHANGER

RAIN WATER

RAIN WATER

COURT ROOM

POWER PRODUCTION

COOLED AIR

SUMMER

INT.

EXT.

NATURAL VENTILATION

HEATED AIR

HEATED AIR

RAIN WATER

WINTER

SAS

FLOOR HEATING

HEATED AIR

COLD AIR FLOOR HEATING

RAIN WATER MANAGEMENT

ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION

WINTER

SUMMER

COOLING WATER

HEATING AND COOLING WITH WATER

COOLED AIR

EVAPORATOR

INTERIOR CLIMATE SYNTHESIS DIAGRAM

SOLAR RADIATION

CONDENSER

HOT AIR

HEATING/COOLING SYSTEM

40

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

Same But Nieuw Ugo Azoulay

The striking ambiguity the Palace of Justice of Arnhem presents is its monolithic facade combined to some large sqared windows. The refurbishment then offers to get its aspect way more radical by opposing the concrete grid to a glazed background screen. The grid in architecture is a powerful form that gives a building a real clear and visible structure. On the façade, this can suggest that the palace of justice is at the image of the Law : with umbreakable rules. This action would be combined to adding insulation to the whole facade along with an inner climate system.

ABSTRACTION In order to let the gri the former window f large windows would insulation is needed window frames wou the interior insulation thick concrete facade back.

Starting from these i building fully insulat In a second time, it c tion of such a buildin on the facade), heatin ment as a window (h ventilate) in the cont

723

690

2486

3245

690

163 125 200 341

2771

163 125 200 341

2771

163 125 200 341

FAÇADE 1/20

SECTION 1/20

INTERIOR ELEVATION 1/20

1

76

3 105

181

2

189

1 125

22 100

200

235

157

98

525

PLAN 1/20

98

84

DETAIL 1. 1/5

CAPTION DETAIL 1

DETAIL 2

1- Vertical façade element composition 76mm already existing Prefabricated concrete element Ø 30mm rainwater saving pipe Angle iron IPN 200 Waterproof membrane 100mm mineral wool insluation Plywood closet for technical services (heating and cooling water pipes, electricity management)

1- Horizontal façade element composition 100mm already existing Prefabricated concrete element 2mm waterproof membrane 150 mm wool insulation 130 mm loadbearing insulation 2- Floor composition 10mm wood parquet 60 mm floor heating (hot water Ø16mm tubes) 55 mm concrete screed 200mm concrete slab 330mm plenum for ventilation and cooling pipes 5 mm suspended ceiling 3- Double glazed fixed window

INT.

EXT.

100

100

150

250

119

100

238

DETAIL 2. 1/5

WINDOW VENTILATION

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

41

42

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

TOWER De Knip, Amsterdam, 1994 Abe Bonnema

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row â—? SECOND LIFE

43

EXOVERT Dan Sobieraj ● aE BES 19/20 ● Amsterdam

EXOVERT aims to renovate the existing tax office in a way that adds value to Amsterdam’s Sloterdijk neighbourhood environmentally, economically, and socially.The proposal features a unifying exoskeleton that will support the addition of residential units and an urban farm, while supporting the existing structure.

The exoskeleton echoes the existing structure and allows for freedom to create double height spaces to maximize light and social interaction in the office building. The decentralization of mechanical equipment and the division of the building into different conditioned zones that are supplied by services running through the exoskeleton gives opportunity to enhance the space by increasing the ceiling height. The residential units are made of upcycled shipping containers that can be optimally arranged to future needs. The steel exoskeleton is theoretically 100% recyclable and is detailed to be demountable.

The second skin enhances the building’s performance with minimal disturbance to the existing building and operation. It creates both a thermal layer that can be vented, but also a gathering and circulation space to connect users together. Modular panels on the facade are optimized to best fit their orientation.

Panels of flora create natural air purification, nesting spaces for wildlife, and increase user comfort. Solar PV / hot water utilizes the building’s solar exposure to power and heat the building. During peak periods, surplus electricity that is generated can be supplied to neighbouring buildings. Mixed use will create a symbiosis between building functions.

Food produced on the farm will supply the restaurant, and waste will be used to create compost or as fuel for the generation of energy in a bioreactor.

44

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

ADAPTABILITY

TRIPLE-GLAZED GLASSPIVOT DOOR

CARPET (HORIZONTAL SURFACES DARK)

PAINTED CONCRETE WALL (VERTICAL SURFACES LIGHT)

LED LIGHT COLD WATER SUPPLY PV / HOT WATER PANEL

HOT WATER RETURN

PV PANEL OUTPUT

VENT

FLORA PANEL

INTERIOR ELEVATION 1:25

SOUTH FACADE SECTION 1:25

EXTERIOR ELEVA 175

150mm INSULATED SPANDREL PANEL

TRIPLE-GLAZED ARGON FILLED WINDOW PANEL

STEEL GRATE

STEEL DECK HSS 1200x1200x50 COATED IN INTUMESCENT PAINT

CARPET FLOOR REGISTER

AUTOMATED MECHANICAL VENT PANEL

HEA 280 WITH TRIMMED FLANGE

METAL FINISH

STEEL GRATE HEA 280 WITH TRIMMED FLANGE

CARPET AND PAD

200

EXPANSION BOLTS

BASE BOARD

EXPANSION BOLTS L-ANGLE

REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB FLOOR REGISTER PRECAST CONCRETE COLUMN

INSULATED DUCT METAL FINISH INSULATED BOLT FITTINGS HSS 480x480x25 COATED IN INTUMESCENT PAINT EXOSKELETON THERMAL BREAK

WELDED STEEL L-ANGLE

DOUBLE-GLAZED WINDOW 12mm WHITE CEMENT BOARD

30mm STONE CLADDING

EXISTING WALL ASSEMBLY 2mm ALUMINUM PANEL • 70mm AIR • 80mm RIGID FOAM INSULATION • 200mm WHITE PAINTED CONCRETE PANEL •

DOUBLE-GLAZED WINDOW

352

LED LIGHT

AXONOMETRIC OF SECOND SKIN STRUCTURAL CONNECTION

THERMAL BREAK

EXOSKELETON P 1:10

EXOSKELETON SECTION DETAIL 1:10

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

45

THE LINT Matteo Ornato ● aE BES 19/20 ● Amsterdam

The goal of this project is to make de Knip an enjoyable workplace. In order to do this, services must be provided, and the comfort must be guaranteed to the workers.

Amsterdam rainproof is a program of the municipality which aims to manage in a better way the disposal of rainwater in case of heavy downpours. The surrundings of the buildings particularly suer this issue. Therefore, the project aims to collaborate to find a solution, introducing a tank to collect and reuse rainwater as grey water within the building.

Also, standard gutters will be replaced with a patterned “rainscreen” cladding, that will gradually dispose water along the facade itself.

The neighbourhood of Sloterdijk stands in the middle of a complex green system that is house of an extraordinary biosphere, that comprehends birds, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and plants. Because of its high infrastructuralization, it is an artificial interruption into the continuity of this biological system. The refurbishment of de Knip should the the occasion to develop a nature-friendly building, able to trigger a process that will stitch together the green strip and to become part of the ecological corridors network.

46

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

WATER COLLECTION, GREEN & JOY

Technical Drawings The “Brise soleil” through the seasons

Vertical section AA - 1:20

16

17

18

19

Elevation S/SW/SE - 1:20

20

1 2 3 4

5 6 7

Season: Winter Sun Inclination: 14° Goal: allow direct radiation inside to mitigate cold winter days Direct Radiation: 85%

14°

A

22 23 24

8 9

Detail B

300

21

15

Season: Spring/Fall Sun Inclination: 38° Goal: allow some direct radiation inside to take advantage of the mid season weather Direct Radiation: 55%

14

13

11

10

Sitting eye level - 115 cm

B

Season: Summer Sun Inclination: 62° Goal: keep radiation away to avoid overheating of the interiors Direct Radiation: 0%

62°

12

B

Detail A

38°

A

The Sill: a natural light propagator +8° +18°

The sill collaborates with the Brise Soleil, reflecting natural light to the interiors to avoid overheating.

F Facade (see AA)

F Cladding Structure (see BB)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

25. L bracket, 120(L)x45(D)x50(H) 26. C channel 27. T profile, 100x100x11(t) 28. “Omega” support

Vertical section CC - 1:20

5850

20

350

460

Foor finishing (velour carpet), 5 mm Screed (concrete), 45 mm Floor heating Insulation, 30 mm Acoustic membrane (rubber), 5 mm Existing prefab Slab, 230 mm Installations cavity, 375 mm False Ceiling (plasterboard), 15 mm Ceiling finishing (Plaster), 2 mm

25

26 27 28

(mm) 0

Elevation N/W/E - 1:20

Vertical section DD - 1:20

C

500

1000

D

12

E 305

1 2 3

230

75

11

1340

Metal sheet (matte white aluminium) Brise soleil element (uhpc) Integrated PV panel Hidden gutter Inspection cavity Rolling shutter

F Floor (see AA) 16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

10

29 30

29. Existing prefab pillar 30. Existing prefab wall

395

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

lighting.

9

Horizontal section BB - 1:20

R Facade (see BB)

R Brise Soleil (see AA)

The tilted surface, moreover, broadens the light cone and provide

8

Cladding rainscreen panel (uhpc), 15 mm Air gap, 30 mm Waterproof membrane (pe), 2 mm Insulation (pu), 160 mm Cladding structure Vapor barrier (pe), 2.2 mm Existing prefab wall (concrete), 180 mm Technical cavity, 60 mm Acoustic wall (mdf), 16 mm

15

16

17

18 19 20 21

Detail C

5

300

14

Bio wall principle

260

13

375

E 4

22 23 24 25 26 27

2900

Standing eye level - 165 cm

6

7

C

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

NO2 PM10 PM2.5

exhaust air

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Green wall module Irrigation pipe Wall module support Inlet ventilation (Heat recovery system) Sparrow/Swift nesting box (fiber glass) Bat nesting box (fiber glass) Bee-hive box (fiber glass)

R Floor (see CC)

CO2

fresh air

F Pot (see DD) Climbing Support (steel wire) Pollutant-absorbing plant Pot element (uhpc) Metal sheet (matte white aluminium) Pot support Planting soil, 200 mm (ca. 315 kg/m2) Compact sand, 50 mm Geotextile (pp), 0.6 mm Drainage (hdpe), 30 mm Emergency overflow

D

Horizontal section EE - 1:20

460 800

Foor finishing (velour carpet), 5 mm Screed (concrete), 45 mm Floor heating Insulation, 30 mm Acoustic membrane (rubber), 5 mm Existing prefab Slab, 230 mm Installations cavity, 375 mm Heat recovery system (Aereco mod. dxr 230) False Ceiling (plasterboard), 15 mm Ceiling finishing (plaster), 2 mm

180

The vegetation is chosen from the local biotope and absorbs pollutants

F Green Wall (see CC)

160

The bio wall: fresh air for the interiors

1100

Heat recovery system -reduced enerygy demand -more comfort (heat and moisture treatment) -60-95% of exhaust heat is recovered

1200

5985

(mm) 0

Detail B “The brise soleil” - 1:5

Detail A “The sill” - 1:5

9%

4%

500

1000

Detail C “The pot” - 1:5

the windows can be removed from the interior, thanks to an openable door that allows the access to the frame the gap of the openable door is hidden by the horizontal pattern of the mdf acoustic panels

an exterior rolling curtain is installed, to give the possibility to control the amount of shading desired, as well as to keep the sun

emergency overflow pipes are provided in each pot, in order to avoid rain to accumulate in case of heavy downpours

plants are selected from local species, with pollutants absorption properties the tilt of the element (37°) follows the inclination of the sun in Amsterdam, to maximize the solar exposure of the pv panel

160

30

37°

50

230

300

25

16 cm of polyurethane insulation boards take the place of the original 8 cm of rockwool pu is lighter and more performing and the u-value of the wall drops from 0,883 to 0,146 m2K/W

pollution is a hyperlocal phenomenon (that means that changes from one street to another), and result to be intense in the area because of the A10 and the railway

the openable base guarantees access to the cavity for inspection and maintenance

15

300

180

~150-200

60

the sill is designed to maximize the reflection of natural light to the interiors drainage holes are introduced to avoid the accumulation of rain

the screed above the heating system is only 2.5 cm thick, in order to provide a quick change of temperature this is because of the program hosted in the building, in which the heating system is often

Matteo Ornato_4944917

800

(mm) 0

250

450

500

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

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DE KNIP Schoina Konstania ● aE BES 19/20 ● Amsterdam

Sloterdijk is a fast-developing region in the northern side of Amsterdam.

Situated amidst several transportation axis and a vast green zone, it is expected to be one of the most lively neighborhoods of the city. Due to that, the command for De Knip building to be upgraded aesthetically as well as environmetally is urgent.

Apart from several technical improvements in terms of materials and repairs, the proposal suggests using the powers of gravity on one hand, and of wind on the other, to make it entirely energy sufficient. The plinth terrace is rendered to a public space with various activities. Special tiles are installed to store movement energy and use it for the building’s needs. The same tiles are installed in bridges that unite the two tower wings so as to improve the circulation and challenge employees to move more during the day. The building takes strong wind flows from the west and north-west side, so a kinetic facade is put, with the ability to transfer energy to the building. Energy storage takes place on the top floor, and then runs through the entire complex to cover its needs. Each of these systems is apparent through architectural gestures that give a fresh look to De Knip.

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SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

ENERGY PRODUCTION

DE KNIP - AMSTERDAM D

E

T

A

I

L

BUILDING ENGINEERING STUDIO

SCHOINA KONSTANTINA 4902661

S

New Bridges Section A-A - scale 1.20

Interior view from the office workspace - scale 1.20

Facade structure Existing panels Metallic cover

D1

Tiles Gravity tiles mechanism Wood panels H beam Steel structure Insulation Outer glass panel

Concrete pre-fab beam Suspended ceiling Metallic joint Opening frame

D2 D4

Bridge ramp floor

D5

D3

Horizontal Section-New tower Facade - scale 1.20

Tiles Lighting spot Heating system openings Outer glass panels

Tiles Bridge ramp floor

Facade tube Existing panels Insulation foam

Outer glass panel Metallic cover

Concrete pre-fab beam Suspended ceiling Metallic joint Opening frame Window frame Pre-fab Column

Windows frame Detail D3- scale 1.5 Tiles

Bridge ramp floor

Gravity tiles mechanism Wood panels H beam Insulation

Steel structure Outer glass panel

Supportive tube Moving glass particle

Bridges - tower connection Details D1 & D2- scale 1.10

Bridge vertical section - scale 1.10

New Kinetic Facade Detail D4 & D5 - scale 1.5

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SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

BRIDGE Bridge Building,The Hague, 1999 Zwarts & Jansma

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THE SOLAR BOX & GREEN OFFICE Hannah Namuth ● aE BES 19/20 ● The Hague

“While the Solar Tower produces electricity for the building, the Green Office offers modern and green offices, that are located at the beginning of the Haagse Loper.”

The Bruggebouw Oost is located in walking distance to the Den Haag Centraal Station.

One of the biggest highways is located below the building, this cause a lot of noise and air pollution. The building is formulated like a bridge and spans across the highway.

A new design by MVRDV will transform the direct surrounding, it adds two high apartment towers right next to the Bruggebouw Oost. First the street, located in a tunnel, will be closed. Instead of the open high way there will be a small green park. This park will be the beginning of the Haagse Loper, which will transform the direct surrounding even more.

My design is refurbishing the outdated bridge building into a visually appealing entrance point to the Haagse Loper. My first impression of the Bruggebouw Oost is that the upper part of the building ( 6th to 9th floor) and the lower part( ground – 5th floor) are two different parts.The long bridge part that spans across the street and the smaller and higher tower part, that breaks the symmetry of the building.

My main idea is to emphasize the difference in the upper and lower part, that’s why I removed the 5th floor to clearly divide the building in two parts. I wanted to accentuate the 130m long building. The façade is clearly structured flows a clear grid. Since the structure is predetermining the grid, the design follows the vertical grid, but adds a new horizontal element so connect the first floor with the trusses and the upper floors. For the new users and the visitors, I wanted to create a visually appealing façade to make the area greener and inviting.

Since there is no 5th floor anymore the roof can be transformed into green outdoor space.

In contrast to the green lines the upper part should be one part and appear to be one black box surrounded by green.

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SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

ENERGY PRODUCTION & GREEN

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

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LIVE MORE, WORK MORE Clara Annemarie Ursel Beckers ● aE BES 19/20 ● The Hague

“The Hague needs to build 50.000 appartements within the next twenty years. Until now there is only plans for 19.000 appartements.”

The Bruggebouw in The Hague is an empty office building. Nowadays there are too many office buildings in the area leading to many empty offices. Furthermore, there is a great need for flat/appartements. By 2030 there will be a need for 50.000 appartements (or more).

The given location is a prime location within the city centre of The Hague. It is very accessible by car (Utrechtse Baan) and public transport (Den Haag Centraal) and is located close to a grand park. For the near future developments such as the covering of the highway (that runs underneath the building) creating a green vein from the Koekamp to the Bruggebouw. Moreover, the Haagse Loper, a pedestrian route running from East to West, is currently under development.

Therefore, a solution for developing appartements in an existing office block needed to be found. How can a liveable athmossphere be created without creating a whole new building but by using as much of the buildings as possible and additionally using materials and modular systems that can be reused in further projects. The pots suggested are a modular and scalable system that can be adapted to the customers wishes. Therefore, sizes of flats can be adjusted to ones needs.

PROCESS 1. strip building (keep windows on southside and the pavilion on the fifth floor) 2. Create atria 3 steel structure for stability 4. placing boxes through atria 5. Place Up to 110 appartements 6. use pavilion as collective green house 7. add pv panels to the roof 8. add louvres to facade

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SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

ADAPTABILITY

BRUGGEBOUW - DEN HAAG CURTAIN WALL

Double glazed curtain wall with hung door (Jansen Steel Systems)

CORRIDOR FLOOR

18295

20mm slanted -

slanted 20mm

Wooden floor wooden planks waterproof vapour permeable foil wooden planks wooden planks

400mm

existing concrete floor

18295

17930

17930

17530

17530

17300

V1 CORRIDOR FACADE 20mm 20mm 20mm 40mm

wooden cladding (Padoek) horizontal plank vertical plank Optim-R vacuum insulation (Rc=5,7)

V2

14695

17300

FLOOR-EXISTING-CEILING

V3

15mm 140mm 40mm (170mm) -

Incl.

Wooden flooring CLT floor (fir) Optim-R vacuum insulation (Rc=5,7) Services cavity waterproof vapour permeable foil heavy duty pedestal system

400mm

existing concrete floor

-

50mm 60mm

waterproof vapour permeable foil Optim-R vacuum insulation (Rc=7,1) CLT ceiling (fir)

V4

14695

14330

14330

13930

13930

13700

13700

REUSED FACADE - -

ELEVATION FACADE

1:20

Colt Solarfin (Padoek) Green Screen panels

200mm -

existing concrete prefab elements existing windows

SECTION FACADE

1

POSITIONING OF SECTIONS AND DETAILS

1:20

ELEVATION CORRIDOR

1

13

3

1:5 DETAIL - LEGEND 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

existing concrete structure existing windows (incl waterproof layer)

10 11

Green Screen Colt wooden Solarfin Grid for Solarfin maintenance Water outlet in concrete structure wooden floor planks Wooden cladding Curtain wall system Jansen

12 13

14

Curtain wall hung wall Jansen CLT Floor: 140mm (40-20-20-20-40) Walls: 100mm (20-20-20-20-20) Ceiling:60mm (20-20-20) Waterproof vapour permeable foil Kingspan Optim-R vacuum insulation Floor: 40mm (Rc=5,7) Walls: 50mm (Rc=7,1) Ceiling: 50mm (Rc=7,1) Heavy duty pedestal system (exyte)

11

4

9 10

COLT WOODEN SOLARFIN Brace Motor (for every 3600mm) Wooden fins

2

V1 1:5

The fins of the souther facade are generally adjusted automatically but can be overruled manually

CLT CONNECTIONS Concealed metal plates connection system

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8

V3

2 5 1

C1

loadbearing connection floor-wall-ceiling

C2

stabilization by interior wall (45° inclined screws) GREEN SCREEN Top brace attached to solarfin brace Lower brace attached to steel brace of the plant pot

CLT Ceiling Screws (45°) Stabilizing (interior) wall Loadbaring (exterior) wall

C2 CLT Wall Tight fit dowels Metal plate Screws CLT floor

10

7

11

THE USE OF CLT CLT (cross laminated timber) an quick, efficient and sustainable way of creating prefab elements and whole prefab units (such as the pots). The pots can be assembled at the factory which means quicker assembly at the site and work that is more precise.

C1 BUILDING ENGINEERING STUDIOS

CLT wood comes from reforestation, which means that it is sustainbly responsible especially concerning the carbon footprint of wood compared to steel, concrete or alluminium. Furthermore, CLT fullfills the thermal, accoustic performances an appartement needs.

Additionally the wood also creates a pleasant residential surrounding.

12 6

13

14 1

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GRADUATION PROJECTS SECOND LIFE STUDIO

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SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

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CONVERSION POTENTIAL AND OBSTACLES FOR MONOFUNCTIONAL OFFICE PARKS Thomas Edes ● aE Graduation Studio 19/20 ● Leeuwarden

RESEARCH Though the office market seems to recover from a rough period, in office parks there is no structural solution for the vacancy and obsolescence of the real estate.

These once so popular locations are dealing with a lack of quality and a problematic structural vacancy.

Luckily there are two opportunities to improve the situation in office parks: Firstly, a housing shortage the Randstad and other cities in the Netherlands shows the opportunities for office parks which are located on the periphery of these exact same cities. Meaning: every office park will likely be located on the edge of a city with housing need. Secondly, because of EU regulations, the refurbishment deadline, an integral part of the building, has a clear deadline for 44% of Dutch office buildings: 2023.

Via conversion to housing, one can deal with the lack of quality in these office parks.

The lack of quality is felt by the users in monofunctional office parks and not always by the owners of the buildings. No-one would want to live in mono-functional area, making successful conversion in such a context very difficult. Therefore, the design should increase the quality of the context as well, which goes hand in hand with vibrancy and liveliness: Diversity in functions and aesthetics should be added and cyclists and pedestrians preferred above car traffic. The open character should be changed by densifying the office parks when adding additional functions. Design aspects such as building adaptability, designing for several user groups and opening up the façade are all part of the brief.

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It is hard for a developer to set the first step in the conversion of an area. To ease the transition, the developer should convert a vacant building while looking for similarities between his vision and that of the municipality.

Though not an direct stakeholder, the importance of the municipality was shown several times during case studies.

Since investors, the likely owner, and developers valuate a building differently, the developer will have to find a way to lower costs. Typologies suitable for conversion are described in already existing tools such as the transformatiepotentiemeter. Additional costs could be lowered by opting for usergroups with less requirements: students, creative class.

Furthermore, financial help could be obtained from the municipality and other parties, such as educational institutions, if a similarity on vision and usergroup is present. The impact a agreeing municipality can have is shown here as well.

We can answer the question: ‘’What are the opportunities and bottlenecks for conversion from (partially) vacant office buildings to housing, in office parks in the Netherlands?’’ with: pick the right stakeholders in your conversion process and contribute to liveliness in the area with your design.

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

DESIGN Conversion potential and obstacles for monufunctional office parks

The Tesselschade 4 (T4) building in Leeuwarden is a 80 meter tall former tax office building from 1970. The modernistic ‘slab’ is raised from the ground level by the characteristic pilotis. Situated in an office park on the edge of the historical city centre the building offers the opportunity to influence its surroundings positively via conversion to mainly housing. The municipality of Leeuwarden has the opportunity use the Tesselschade 4 building as a showcase when it comes to bottom-up transformation of monofunctional office parks.

Roughly 80 future residents will have the option to realise their preferred housing type in one of the seven upper floors. A second façade, hanging from an added roof structure serves as a thermal and acoustic buffer for the housing units, which can be reached via galleries and corridors in the north façade and the centre of the building. Additional functions such as a playground, coffee-bar, several work-areas and a roof garden can be found throughout the building. The users are the drivers behind not only the use, but also the development of the project.

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ENERGETIC CATALYST Daan Reinders ● aE Graduation Studio 19/20 ● Palace of Justice Arnhem

RESEARCH One facet in the challenge for global energy transitions is the built environment, being responsible for 34% of the energy end-use, of which 52% is used for heating and cooling. Within the built environment a renovation challenge is arising for the Central Government Real Estate Agencies buildings stock. The Palace of Justice in Arnhem is an outdated building and in desperate need for renovation to meet the current energy standards.The Palace of Justice is an example of a building typology facing a renovation challenge, namely the traditional Dutch office buildings built between 1965 and 1995. For old energetically low-quality buildings, meeting thev new-built standard is hard to realize with just a deep renovation.

Opportunities can be found in the way energy is used on an urban scale.The research focused on a proposal for the implementation and optimization of a sustainable collective thermal energy system in forms of the cascading machine. A cascading-machine is a theoretical concept based upon the principles of heat cascading and theArmal energy storage on different temperature levels. The cascading-machine is a low-energetic system which uses all potential out of the energy consumed, reduces the losses to a minimum and potentially creates a synergy between the building in the system.

The simulation model developed for this research shows that by implementing a collective thermal energy system in the citycenter of Arnhem the energy consumption used for heating and cooling can be reduced with 62%. Initially, residual heat from the local waste incineration plants provides the heat to the network and therewith eliminates the need for natural gas. The system can be optimized by improving the energy

performance of the buildings connected and the transition to a renewable thermal energy source. With the optimization step, the total energy consumption for heating can be reduced up to 89%. In this step, the heat from the waste-incineration plant is replaced by sustainable geothermal energy, making the collective heating system a zero-thermalenergy system.

Despite the challenges for the technical- and financial feasibility of the proposed collective thermal energy system, this research showed its potential in the urban energy transition challenge. By looking beyond the scale the building in the renovation challenge of the existing building stock opportunities arise.

Opportunities that can be exploited to meet the approaching climate deadlines and contribute to the solutions for the global energy transition challenge.

SUMMER

IN

OUT

01 02 03

10°C

20°C

40°C

WINTER

04 05 OUT

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SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

WINTER

IN

DESIGN A renovated Palace of Justice as energetic catalyst for its surroundings

The built environment is a major consumer of energy in which many improvement steps have to be made. This project investigates how energy can be more efficient by reducing, reusing and producing energy on an urban and building scale.The research showed that the implementation of a sustainable collective heating system around the Palace of Justice can significantly reduce the energy consumption for heating. Comprehensive renovations improving the building energy performance reduce the energy consumption to a minimum.

The proposed sustainable integrated renovation of the Palace of Justice shows what such renovation can look like.The combination of modern sustainable techniques and more common intervention opens up the traditional approach to energetic sustainability resulting in a monumental nearly zero energy building.

With its role as an energetic catalyst, the addition of public functions and the increase of accessibility, the Palace of Justice is firmly embedded in the city and society and can therefore last for many years to come.

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REBUILD Martijn Baelemans ● aE Graduation Studio 19/20 ● Palace of Justice Arnhem

RESEARCH Concrete is the most used man-made material in the world and the production of concrete is responsible for 8% of global CO2 emissions. In the Netherlands, 15 million tonnes of concrete waste is generated annually of which only 3% is recycled into the production process of concrete. The intended transition into a circular economy requires efficient use and reuse of materials, components, and products, especially in the building industry.

This research provides insight into the potential reduction of the environmental impact of concrete by applying and implementing circularity principles to the concrete industry.

Three levels of reuse are identified and assessed on the potential environmental benefits using the Global Warming Potential (CO2 eq.). Results show that efficient use and reuse of concrete reduces the environmental impact (CO2) of concrete substantially.

The direct reuse of a concrete structure or building elements reduces the environmental impact of concrete by 95% and 80%

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respectively. Concrete recycling is crucial in closing the concrete material cycle. Using an innovative and efficient crushing method, the Smart Crusher Technology is able to retrieve all original constituents of concrete, including cement. Concrete from recycled resources reduces the environmental impact (CO2) with 70% when compared to conventional concrete production. Considering the current situation, in which concrete is only frequently reused at the level of its structure, through an extensive renovation or transformation, this indicates big improvements are to be made.

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

DESIGN Rebuild; circular transformation of the extension building of the Palace of Justice in Arnhem.

This project explores the possibilities and limitations of circular material strategy in an architectural transformation challenge.

Climate change requires architects to reconsider the impact buildings have on our environment. Efficient use of existing buildings and reusing building materials can reduce this impact substantially. This implies that even buildings with low architectural value should not be demolished carelessly.

Within this project, the monofunctional extension building of the Palace of Justice in Arnhem is transformed into a flexible, mixed use building based on the principles of open building. Problematic elements are resolved and architectural quality is added. The design is established by creating a strong, qualitative and flexible basis which allows for functional and technical changes in the future.The whole transformation is executed by reusing and recycling the existing materials as much as possible, resulting in an environmental impact (CO2) that’s only a fraction (14%) of the impact of new construction. This result argues in favour of reconsidering the transformation of all buildings, even the low valued ones.

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COST-EFFECTIVE FACADES Tolga Ozdemir ● aE Graduation Studio 19/20 ● AMC Amsterdam

RESEARCH Reduction of energy consumption and to increase its generation is necessary, as the population lives in urban settlements and consume three-quarters of global resources, and these numbers are continually growing. Building-integrated photovoltaic panels (BIPV) which would assist for the resolution of the problem can be applied by replacing the façade cladding with BIPV panels whenever possible.

The optimum orientation of PV panels for the Netherlands is south with an angle of 37°, which maximises total electricity production. While the process is simple for new buildings and systems installed in areas with no orientation restrictions or horizon obstructions, the scenario becomes more challenging in urban settlements. As the premises cannot be reoriented in an urban context, solutions may be finding the best places to install BIPV panels on the façade and tilting them. This process can be deployed simultaneously with the building refurbishment that is needed to reach the current envelope

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insulation standards. Tilting can increase the energy yield, but this would increase the production costs and thus, initial investment costs. The balance between energy yield and added production costs can be found by locating the right panel in the right place on a limited budget. In this study, an early-stage computational design method to optimally allocate and reorient BIPV façade modules to reach a cost-effective and applicable solution is presented. The method was tested in a case setting of a concrete façade retrofit.

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

DESIGN

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A COMMON GROUND, DE KNIP AS AN ECOLOGY HUB Yvonne Yuen Tsz Wai ● aE Graduation Studio 19/20 ● De Knip Amsterdam

RESEARCH The impact of urbanism on biodiversity is beyond question and as cities prevail to become the new landscape, more connections is drawn between conservation and built environment design.What are the opportunities of the numerous surfaces in our city? Strategies like green roof, habitat box application can be the point of entry in enhancing local biodiversity but what are the potentials for buildings in conservation?

To discuss the role of building in enhancing biodiversity, principles in urban ecology are reviewed as a contextual outlook. It is evident that building is an ecosystem on its own. The developments of the two tracks of conservation strategies on greenery and animals are also reviewed. It is argued that a more integral approach concerning system, animal life cycle, context is beneficial to strengthen the conservation role of building.

In the end, several design considerations are outlined from the findings.

DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION It is clear that fragmented green balcony is unlikely to resemble quality of open green space and it would be unrealistic to compare a building to a park. The niche of buildings in urban ecosystem perhaps is the possibility of ecological datums and the vertical landscape they resemble. Knowledge of the ecological context and biodiversity profile is the prerequisite to create a positive ecosystem.

We have been trying to incorporate the nature into our built environment ending up with buildings that are either too artificial,

66

superficial or intolerant to nature. We should stop capturing the dynamic system in a static moment but adapt to the natural dynamics. Principles like AAD and vertical forest reexamine our relationship and design practice with nature. The spatial criteria for building changes instantly if we approve the spatial dimension of ecology and start to see buildings as a landscape, a form of habitat or an urban wildlife reserve that we are co-creating the artificial with the nature.

In that way, nature enhance our artificial ecosystems which ultimately benefit our urban ecology. (Application -> Substitution -> Reconceptualization) A knowledge- based integral systemic approach with clear conservation goal describe the basic principle and an artificial ecosystem in building can be a design tool to enhance biodiversity. In addition to the basic protocols, radical moves can be carried out responsibly to (a) increase spatial ratio of conservation intervention (b) improve spatial quality for biodiversity (c) search new tools for biodiversity conservation.

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

DESIGN The proposal transforms De Knip into an Eco- working hub, a stepping stone between two ecological zone/ public space, a common ground for urban animals and people.

By inserting and integrating urban ecology in design architecturally and programmatically it becomes a place that is functional to nature and promote nature connectiveness by making urban ecology visible & tangible. The assorted facade follows a design toolbox to enable nature in facade and demonstrate various possibilities of building as a vertical landscape.

It is a model of two operations, representing a condensed city with private back and a public front with open “streets”. It questions the boundary of publicness and public ownership of a building as a way to address flexibility.

The public front is a catalyst for everyone including animals, scientist, eco enthusiast, and for public. It is a mixed experience of a hiking path, sanctuary, museum, library and more. It is a new landmark reinforcing biodiversity vision of the area and a pilot showcase to the world.

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WEWO TRANSFORMATION Robert-Jan Altena ● aE Graduation Studio 19/20 ● Bridge Building The Hague

RESEARCH The research in this project is comprised out of proving and providing. Proving the waste of valuable space of monofunctional programs and providing technical solutions to integrate a more adaptable character inside an existing building. Our built environment has a monofunctional character which results in a waste of space.

WeWo Transformation l Bruggebouw Robert-Jan Altena l 2017

The research in this project is comprised out of proving and providing. Proving the waste of valuable space of monofunctional programs and providing technical solutions to integrate a more adaptable character inside an existing building. Our built environment has a monofunctional character which results in a waste of space.

of the shearing layers of the building. Each The research ‘How to design an active The research ‘How to design an active adaptive building within an existing structure by maximizing layer deals with this in another adaptable level. adaptive building within an existing structure the real efficiency of space?’ questions the boundaries of ‘space efficiency’ and of the relation between The effectiveness of adaptive architecture, by maximizing the efficiency of space?’ program, Thisdefine to minimize the extend of new built objects and reduce the relating to building the end and user,context. is hard to questions the boundaries of ‘space efficiency’ without practical monitoring.

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Each layer deals with this in another adaptable level. The real space within an existing structure.

The importance lies in theacomplete xt. This data was collected (figure 1).and Thevisualized big has need forseparation adaption of the space size, services and skin.

And small adaption effectiveness of adaptive architecture, relating to the end user, is hard to ed into big and small adaption moments aremoments adaptable via multifunctional infills.

WeWo Transformation

services and skin. And small adaption

Figure 1 Use per function, per day, per context

define without practical monitoring. This is one risk when putting different activities within one building. Functions are defined in seven activities that all have their own character, usage per time, service demands and public private relation. The main starting point in creating this type of building is starting from the main functions with added supporting functions. The main factors Figure 2 Shearing layers of this design are physical changes, spatial qualities and infill, and the existing building as a boundary.

The importance lies in the complete separation of the shearing layers of the building. Each layer deals with this in another adaptable level. The real effectiveness of adaptive architecture, relating to the end user, is hard to ng layers of the define without practical monitoring. This is one risk when putting different l. The real activities within one building. Functions are defined in seven activities that all er, is hard to have their own character, usage per time, service demands and public private tting different relation. The main starting point in creating this type of building is starting Figure 2 Shearing layers activities that all from the main functions with added supporting functions. The main factors nd public private of this design are physical changes, spatial qualities and infill, and the existing building as a boundary. ing is starting

he main factors Figure 2 Shearing layers and the existing

3 Adaptable strategies ByFigure accommodating functions differentiated by height multiple functions can be introduced without hard changes. The win is in combining the these 68 SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow heights into an active system that can create odating functions differentiated by multiple functions within one space. Then the iple functions can be introduced without smaller changes can be made in by adding es. The win is in combining the these multifunctional infills and separate spaces that are an active system that can create multifunctional, supporting or oversized. This all to

By accommodating functions differentiated by height multiple functions can be introduced without hard changes. The win is in combining the these heights into an active system that can create multiple functions within one space. Then the smaller changes can be made in by adding multifunctional infills and separate spaces that are multifunctional, supporting or oversized. This all to reduce the waste of space within an existing structure.

DESIGN Effectively using a multifunctional building and a new relation between working and living in the existing Bruggebouw-Oost

Increasing lack of space in the Netherlands drives us to new interpretations of the multifunctional building. To reduce vacancy and increase effective use of existing buildings the Bruggebouw-Oost in The Hague is transformed.The integration of multifunctional concepts in the design of this building results in a new relation between functions. By combining shops, housing, working, sports and restaurants new flows and opportunities are created but new challenges emerge. Creating a new way of living between working and living where the two van benefit from each other.This by horizontally and vertically linking and overlap them getting the most out of the square meters.To make the building suitable for the future it needs to be adaptable. Therefore the building consisits out of prefabricated units being housing, working and shops that can be altered throughout the years to comply with future demand. This all to strive to efficient use of the built environment.

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row â—? SECOND LIFE

69

FUTURE FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN Sebastiaan Brouwer â—? aE Graduation Studio 19/20 â—? Bridge Building The Hague

RESEARCH The way food is grown, distributed and consumed changed over the years. Technologies in mobility changes - think of the impact of the railroad - the behavior of the people changed, restaurants emerged and gigantic supermarkets have a huge impact on thousands of cities. What is the impact of these trends and innovations on the built environment and how will the city respond to the next trend? This question has a central role in the research paper.

Cities are growing and urban mobility is getting worse. The amount of freight going in cities is increasing. In the design location of The Hague are the most traffic jams of the Netherlands.

With the rise of online orders, the spatial requirements already changed. Within the food industry, there is a rapid increase in online grocery purchases. This will only increase the number of movements going in and out of the city.

I researched the logistics, the flows, the spatial requirements and the energy demand of a new proposed urban distribution centre.

This distribution centre is supplied at night by cargo trams. The groceries are distributed with an electric fleet during day with the shortest action radius as possible.

After calculating the covered kilometres and movements, this paper concludes that it will have a positive effect on the urban mobility: a decrease of 33.000 movements per week and a decrease of 8.000 covered kilometres

70

per week. This proposed model will have a contribution of 1.3% of reaching the mobility climate goals of the city of The Hague for 2030.

In order to improve the impact, this paper proposes an urban plan of three distribution centres which covers the city within two kilometre. This results in a decrease of 42.000 covered kilometres. One of these three urban distribution centres will be realized in the Eastern Bridge Building.

The research concluded that it needs 2.853 square meters of solar panels to be fully climate neutral, will need access to a tram network, requires a minimum space of 1.660 m2 storage space and parking for 117 vehicles. The centre will contribute to the mobility climate goals of the city, reduces city congestion and has the potential to be fully climate neutral regarding energy demand.

2019 2030

2019 2030

2019 2030

2019 2030

Total consumption

Offline vs. online

Motorized movements

Covered Kilometers

SECOND LIFE â—? The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

Online share

Distribution centre

Traditional model (supermarkets)

Current e-model (AH Online)

Upcoming e-model (Picnic)

Proposed model

City

DESIGN This project is about creating an urban distributing hub centrally placed in the city, to improve the Haagse Loper and the Grotiusplaats, form a showcase, and create a multi-functional food facility which shows all the processes to its users and passers-by.

Firstly, the project responds to a large scale mobility problem by functioning as an urban distribution centre. This results first hand in a decrease of the amount of movements within the city and the amount of motorized covered kilometres. Secondly the building host several food related functions such as a bakery, brewery and a fully public food court. A clear synergy within the food chain is made which is totally transparent and visible for all the passers-by. To fully show the new future food supply chain, the main pedestrian pathway is elevated, avoiding the busy intersection below the building, going through the building and connecting the city centre of The Hague with its business district.

The project becomes a link in the city by optimising and destressing urban mobility, a link in its context by connecting two districts and a link in the food supply chain by showing the processes and background of your daily consumptions. Bon appetit.

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row â—? SECOND LIFE

71

72

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

III

OBSERVATIONS

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

73

ٌ ªƊǞȁ ǏƊǶǶǞȁǐ Ȍȁ ɈǘƵ ȲȌȌǏ ǞȺ ȲƵɈƊǞȁƵƮ ɐȺǞȁǐ Ɗ ȯȌǶƮƵȲ ȲȌȌǏ ȺɯȺɈƵǿ ٌ JȲƵɯ ɩƊɈƵȲ ǞȺ ɈǘƵȁ ǘƊȲɨƵȺɈƵƮ ƊȁƮ ɈȲƵƊɈƵƮ Ȍȁ ɈǘƵ ȲȌȌǏ ɐȺǞȁǐ ȁƊɈɐȲƊǶ ˛ǶɈƵȲƊɈǞȌȁȺ ȺɯȺɈƵǿȺ ƦƵǏȌȲƵ ɐȺƵƮ ɈǘȲȌɐǐǘȌɐɈ ɈǘƵ ƦɐǞǶƮǞȁǐ‫خ‬

becomes apparent that the buildings, concrete surfaces and sewer systems cannot cope with the Ǟȁ˜ɐɮ‫ خ‬ Today, we need our buildings are to be more like sponges. By doing so, the built environment can ǘƵǶȯ ɈȌ ǿǞȁǞǿǞȺƵ ɈǘƵ ȲǞȺDz ȌǏ ˜ȌȌƮǞȁǐ Ǟȁ ƧǞɈǞƵȺ‫§ خ‬ȌǶƮƵȲ ȲȌȌǏ ȺɯȺɈƵǿȺ ƧƊȁ ǘƵǶȯ ɈȌ ȲƵɈƊǞȁ ȲƊǞȁ ɩƊɈƵȲ‫ ة‬ utilising it to grow sedum which can reduce the overall temperature of a building in summer.

Fitted with smart technology, the system can release water, to ensure in the case of inclement weather, the roof is not overloaded.

WAT ER

CA

MPU

S LE

EUW AR

DEN

SMART POLDER SYSTEM 4.

4.ٌ §ȌǶƮƵȲ ȲȌȌǏ ȺɯȺɈƵǿ

Urban Basin’s can double up as parks. During dry periods, the basin creates a multilevel area for theatre, sports and play. During heavy rain, these basins collects the water expelled by neighbouring buildings, transforming into a water feature. Grey water is retained and slowly released so not to overload the capacity of the storm drains. As the water capital of the Netherlands, Leeuwarden’s building should be the test site of all water technology.

ȲƵɈƊǞȁȺ ȲƊǞȁ ɩƊɈƵȲ‫ خ‬ ȺǿƊȲɈ ȯȌǶƮƵȲ ȺɯȺɈƵǿ ǞȺ ǶǞȁDzƵƮ ɩǞɈǘ ɩƵƊɈǘƵȲ ǏȌȲƵƧƊȺɈȺ‫ خ‬Xȁ ɈǘƵ ƵɨƵȁɈ ȌǏ ǘƵƊɨɯ ȲƊǞȁǏƊǶǶ‫ ة‬ɈǘƵ ȯȌǶƮƵȲ ȲȌȌǏ ɩǞǶǶ ȲƵǶƵƊȺƵ ɈǘƵ ɩƊɈƵȲ ȺɈȌȲƵƮ ɈȌ ƵȁȺɐȲƵ ɈǘƵ ȲȌȌǏ ǞȺ ȁȌɈ ȌɨƵȲ ǶȌƊƮƵƮ‫خخخ‬

Xȁ mƵƵɐɩƊȲƮƵȁ‫ ة‬ɈǘƵ ȲȌȌǏ ƊȁƮ ɈǘƵ ƵɮǞȺɈǞȁǐ ƧȌȁƧȲƵɈƵ ƦƊǶƧȌȁǞƵȺ ȌǏ ɈǘƵ ƊƦƊȁƮȌȁƵƮ ÀƊɮ Ǐ˛ƧƵ ȌǏǏƵȲƵƮ Ɗ ȺɐǏ˛ƧǞƵȁɈ ȺɐȲǏƊƧƵ ƊȲƵƊ ɈȌ ƧȌǶǶƵƧɈ ƊȁƮ ȲƵɈƊǞȁ ɩƊɈƵȲ‫ خ‬ÀǘƵ ƦɐǞǶƮǞȁǐȺ ǞȺ ƊǶǞǐȁƵƮ ɈȌ ɈǘƵ 0ƊȺɈ ɈȌ àƵȺɈ‫ ة‬ offering a unique opportunity to use the long South face to capture not only water but solar energy. However, the building is a notable monument and thus respecting the original design is imperative. .

ROOF SYSTEM

2.

2.

ȲƊǞȁ

ȲƊǞȺƵƮ ǐȲƊɨƵǶ ƦƵƮ

ǘɯȲƮȲȌƦȌȁɈƊǞƧ ǐƵȁƵȲƊɈǞȌȁ ȯȌȁƮȺ

ȲƊǞȁ

ȯȌǶƮƵȲ ȲȌȌǏ

ǏȌȲƵƧƊȺɈ ǏȌȲ ǿȌȲƵ ȲƊǞȁ

4/5.

˛ǶɈƵȲƵƮ ‫ ڕ‬ ƊƵȲƊɈƵƮ

ɈƵȺɈƵƮ

˜ɐȺǘ ƊɩƊɯ‫ث‬

ȯȌǶƮƵȲ ȲȌȌǏ ƵǿȯɈǞƵƮ

ÇȲƦƊȁ ƦƊȺǞȁ ǏɐǶǶ

1. ÇȲƦƊȁ ƦƊȺǞȁ ƵǿȯɈɯ

5. ÀȌ ǿƊǞȁɈƊǞȁ ɈǘƵ ȌȲǐǞȁƊǶ ǘƵǞǐǘɈ ȌǏ ɈǘƵ wȌȁɐǿƵȁɈ‫ ة‬ɈɩȌ ˜ȌȌȲȺ ɩƵȲƵ ȲƵǿȌɨƵƮ ǞȁȌȲƮƵȲ ɈȌ ǿƊDzƵ ɈǘƵ §ȌǶƮƵȲ ȲȌȌǏ ƊƧƧƵȺȺǞƦǶƵ ƊȁƮ ǞȁɈƵǐȲƊɈƵƮ ǞȁɈȌ ɈǘƵ ȌɨƵȲƊǶǶ ƮƵȺǞǐȁ‫ خ‬RȌɩƵɨƵȲ ɈǘƵ ɩȌȌƮƵȁ ȯƊɨǞǶǶǞȌȁ ƧƊȁ ƦƵ ȺǞǿȯǶɯ ȯǶƊƧƵƮ ƊɈȌȯ ȌǏ ɈǘƵ ƵɮǞȺɈǞȁǐ ȲȌȌǏ ȺɈȲɐƧɈɐȲƵ‫ خ‬

‫ ׆ׂ׃׀׈‬ǿǿ

3.

URBAN BASIN total area: 976 m2 total annual rainfall: 917 m3 5. 0ɮɈƵȲȁƊǶ ɩƊɈƵȲ ȺɈȌȲƊǐƵ ǞȁɈƵǐȲƊɈƵƮ ǞȁɈȌ

South Elevation

South Elevation

yȌ ˜ȌȌȲȺ ȲƵǿȌɨƵƮ ƦɐɈ ǘƵǞǐǘɈ ǞȺ ƊƮƮƵƮ‫خ‬

wȌȁɐǿƵȁɈ ȌȲǞǐƊȁƊǶ ǘƵǞǐǘɈ ǿƊǞȁɈƊǞȁƵƮ Ʀɯ ȲƵǿȌɨǞȁǐ ˜ȌȌȲȺ

ׂ‫ ׀׆׈׉‬ǿǿ

ׂ‫ ׇׁׅ׉‬ǿǿ

ENERGY PRODUCING

1:1000 ELEVATIONS

1:1000

1:1000

ׁ‫ ׁ׃ׅׄ‬ǿǿ

ɐƦȲƊȁ ȯƊȲDz ɩǘǞƧǘ ǘƵǶȯȺ ȲƵƮɐƧƵ ˜ƊȺǘ ˜ȌȌƮǞȁǐ‫ خ‬0ɮƧƵȺȺ ɩƊɈƵȲ ȲƵǶƵƊȺƵƮ ȺǶȌɩǶɯ ǞȁɈȌ ǐɐɈɈƵȲ ȺɯȺɈƵǿ‫خ‬

NEW BALCONIES total area: 136 m2 2. ٌ ƊǶƧȌȁǞƵȺ ˛Ɉ ɩǞɈǘ ȁƵɩ

MATRIX ● Based Design

ǞȁɈƵǐȲƊɈƵƮ ǐɐɈɈƵȲ ȺɯȺɈƵǿ‫خ‬ ٌ yƵɩ ƮȲƊǞȁ ȯǞȯƵȺ ƊƮƮƵȺƮ ɈȌ ƵɨƵȲɯ ȌɈǘƵȲ ƧȌǶɐǿȁ ɈȌ ȲƵƮǞȲƵƧɈ ȲƊǞɈȁɩƊɈƵȲ ɈȌ ƵɮɈƵȲȁƊǶ ƦƊȺǞȁ‫خ‬ ٌ §ȌȺȺǞƦǶƵ ǞȁɈƵǐȲƊɈƵƮ ȯǶƊȁɈǞȁǐ ȺɯȺɈƵǿ Ȍȁ ɈǘƵ ȌǶƮ ƦƊǶƧȌȁǞƵȺ ǞȁƧȲƵƊȺƵȺ ɩƊɈƵȲ ƊƦȺȌȲƦɈǞȌȁ

CONCEPT DIAGRAM

Maintenance: Jeff demonstrates how to access the mechanical elements for maintenance.

All equipment is accessible under grill, see axo below.

East Elevation 1:1000

North Elevation

West Elevation 1:1000

1:1000

ǶǶ ƵǶƵɨƊɈǞȌȁȺ ȺǘȌɩ Ɗȁ ɐȁƮƵȲǐȲȌɐȁƮ ƧǞȁƵǿƊ ǞȁɈƵǐȲƊɈƵƮ ǞȁɈȌ ɈǘƵ ÇȲƦƊȁ ƊȺǞȁ ƮƵȺǞǐȁ‫ خ‬

How water is retained by the building

https://northerntimes.nl/more-flash-flood-protection-in-leeuwarden/ https://northerntimes.nl/rainy-weather-water-levels-nearly-back-to-or-exceeding-normal-levels/

TAX OFFICE Leeuwarden

SOLAR BALCONIES

CLIMATE DIAGRAM

125

6

The existing balcony design is an inherent part of the buildings monumentality. To maintain the original identity, the new design seeks to emphasise the horizontal language.

6.

LOCAL CLIMATE CONTROL: HEATING

2.

5.

3.

RAIN COLLECTION

1.

This is equal to 398 air-conditioning units being on for 9 hours of the day. Although on average temperatures in summer don’t exceed 18C, the solar balconies can be used to power air conditioning units to regulate of internal temperatures during the hottest periods of the year.

2.

SECONDARY STRUCTURE

https://eu-solar.panasonic.net/en/solar-tool-calculator-yield.htm http://energyusecalculator.com/electricity_centralac.htm

4.

1.

PRIMARY STRUCTURE

Based on the five (technical) guiding themes, the interventions are categorized and give an overview of possibilities and opportunities. It shows the variety in approach and a richness of different architectural solutions.

ׁ‫ خ‬JȲȌɐȁƮ ²ȌɐȲƧƵ RƵƊɈٌȯɐǿȯ‫ ب‬ƧȌȌǶȺ ɩƊɈƵȲ ȺɈȌȲƵƮ Ǟȁ ǐȲȌɐȁƮ ǏȌȲ ɐȁƮƵȲ˜ȌȌȲ ƧȌȌǶǞȁǐ‫ خ‬ Thermal energy from PV-T panels stored in ground source heat pump.

2. Solar Balconies: generate electricity for the building.

3. This energy is used to help power the air conditioning units hidden in the balcony. ׄ‫ خ‬ƊȺǞȁ ƊɈ ǐȲȌɐȁƮ ˜ȌȌȲ ˛ǶǶƵƮ ȺȌ ɈǘƊɈ ƊǞȲ ȯƊȺȺǞȁǐ ɈǘȲȌɐǐǘ ȯƊȺȺǞɨƵǶɯ ƧȌȌǶȺ ɈǘƵ ȺȯƊƧƵ‫خ‬

2

Total balconies on south facing facade: 132 Total south facing area: 1452 sqm

SOLAR BALCONY

3.

PV-T PANEL

32

7. LOCAL CLIMATE CONTROL: PASSIVE VENTILATION

1. The existing primary concrete structure is maintained and insulated.

generated by the panel is utilised and transmitted to an enclosed box in the centre of the unit.

2. To install the Solar Balconies to the existing structure, a new secondary structural steel element is bolted to the existing concrete balconies to stabilise the new system.

4. The box acts like a micro double skin facade. Residual heat from PV-T is used to passively warm in taking air before it reaches the heat exchange unit located on the existing concrete balcony. The volume is small, meaning even sunlight can heat the air within the chamber quickly over the day. This can reduce energy consumption needed to initially war .

15

2.

3.

‫( ىנ‬ȲǞɨǞȁǐ ɩǞȁƮ ǏȲȌǿ ɈǘƵ ȺȌɐɈǘ٧ɩƵȺɈ ȲƵǐɐǶƊȲǶɯ ˹ȌȌƮȺ ɈǘƵ ƵɮǞȺɈǞȁǐ ƦƊǶƧȌȁǞƵȺ‫ ى‬ȁƵɩ

SPOUNGE CITY

40

If it was possible to rebuild from scratch I would want to use wood and concrete.

15431 mm

Rebuild the monumental concrete columns but with insulation. Timber structure on top.

WINTER STRATEGY ׁ‫ خ‬JȲȌɐȁƮ ²ȌɐȲƧƵ RƵƊɈȯɐǿȯ‫ ب‬ǘƵƊɈȺ ɩƊɈƵȲ ȺɈȌȲƵƮ Ǟȁ ǐȲȌɐȁƮ ǏȌȲ ɐȁƮƵȲ ˜ȌȌȲ ǘƵƊɈǞȁǐ‫ خ‬ 2. Solar Balconies: generate electricty for the building.

3. The balcony utlitises the PV-t panels waste thermal energy to internally preheat in taking air before passing it through a heat exchange into the adjacent room. This uses less energy to heat air, and gives greater thermal control to the user.

1

Use the table structure

-

1 4

PALACE OF JUSTICE Arnhem TU Delft

15

whilst a polder roof system enables the roof to retain water to reduce flash flooding in Leeuwarden. The balconies are a modular system which can be attached to the existing 29517 mm primary concrete structure. The geometric design of the balcony was heavily driven by the desire to attain a higher efficiency for the PV-T panels on the South facing facade At the moment the concrete structure only allows for 6121mm as itsthe biggest span.Office Glulam can the distance needed for the whilst trying to reflect upon the original balconies which made Tax sospan recogƦɐǞǶƮǞȁǐ‫ ى‬mƊȲǐƵ ȺȯƊȁȺ ȌǏǏƵȲ ǐȲƵƊɈƵȲ ˹ƵɮǞƦǞǶǞɈɯ ȌǏ ȺȯƊƧƵ ƊȁƮ ȺɐǞɈȺ Ɗ ȲƊȁǐƵ ȌǏ ȯȲȌǐȲƊǿǿƵȺ‫ ى‬ÀǘǞȺ ƵȁƊƦǶƵȺ ȺƊǏƵǐɐƊȲƮȺ ɈǘƵ ƦɐǞǶƮǞȁǐ ǏȌȲ nisably monumental. future changing needs.

0² ‫כםُפלכם‬

5134358

43

1.

ALTERNATIVE STRUCTURE CONCEPT The design for the Tax Office uses solar balconies for energy production and reduction

6

3. The Solar Balcony is a prefabricated unit made from recycled aluminium with a PV-T ȯƊȁƵǶ ǞȁɈƵǐȲƊɈƵƮ ǞȁɈȌ ɈǘƵ ƮƵȺǞǐȁ‫ ى‬ÀȌ ȌȯɈǞǿǞȺƵ ɈǘƵ ȯƊȁƵǶ‫ٵ‬Ⱥ ƵǏ˸ƧǞƵȁƧɯ‫ ل‬ǞɈ ǘƊȺ ƦƵƵȁ ƊǶǞǐȁƵƮ to face true south and tilt of 79%. The hybrid panel produces both electric and thermal energy. Heated water can be stored in the ground source heat pump and utilised in ɩǞȁɈƵȲ ɈȌ ƊǞƮ ɐȁƮƵȲ ˹ȌȌȲ ǘƵƊɈǞȁǐ‫ ى‬0ǶƵƧɈȲǞƧǞɈɯ ǐƵȁƵȲƊɈƵƮ ƧƊȁ ɈȌ ȲƵƮɐƧƵ ƵȁƵȲǐɯ ƧȌȺɈȺ ƊȁƮ to power air conditioning units on the hottest days of the year. Any additional heat

Katherina Wei Wei Bruh

15

25

2

SUMMER STRATEGY

14

1 panel area: 4.8 sqm Panel pitch: 79 Panel model: Panasonic N300

355

4.

The annual energy output for a 11 sqm Panasonic N300 PV panel: 93,500 watts The possible annual energy output for the total south facing facade: 12,342,000 watts

Katherina Bruh 5134358

roof structure photovoltaic thermal solar collector 1,5 mm | metal fascia sheet 15 mm | bitumen water sealing 140 mm | insulation vapour barrier 320 mm | prefab reinforced concrete steel connection for suspended ceiling 40 mm | cooling ceiling

facade structure closed 80 mm | prefab concrete elements 80 mm | steel support 15 mm | black coloured plaster 140 mm | insulation 250 mm | prefab reinforced concrete

EXOVERT

The second skin enhances the building’s performance with minimal disturbance to the existing building and operation. It creates both a thermal A M C ITY layer that can be vented, but also a gathering and circulation space to connect users together. Modular panels on the facade are optimized to best fit their orientation. Panels of flora create natural air purification, nesting spaces for wildlife, and increase user comfort. Solar PV / hot water utilizes the building’s solar exposure to power and heat the building. During peak periods, surplus electricity that is generated can be supplied to neighbouring buildings.

facade structure open 240 mm | glass tube photovoltaic board

20 mm | copper tube

80 mm | steel support triple glazing windows

DAN SOBIERAJ

floor construction

ground zero for New Babylon

15 mm | floor covering 55 mm | screed with floor heating

Fraser Carroll 5139678

30 mm | footfall sound insulation 320 mm | prefab reinforced concrete

steel connection for suspended ceiling

ADAPTABLE FUNCTION + FORM

40 mm | cooling ceiling

2,85

triple glazing windows

A

25 16 46

165 565

Palace of Justice

Tax Office

UMC

De Knip

Bridge Building

Arnhem, 1863 565 565

Leeuwarden, 1970

Amsterdam, 1982

Amsterdam, 1994

The Hague, 1999

8

16

20

240 mm | glass tube

35

5

35

2,85

35

5

55

Energy production 2

1

DE KNIP Amsterdam

Floorplan & Elevation 1:20 | Facade Detail 1:5

Energy reduction

Building Engeneering Studio | David Fritz 5149215 | 2020

Cirulairity

Cultural historiy

Flexibility

….

MARKET

RESIDENTIAL UNITS INDIVIDUAL PACKAGED SYSTEMS

URBAN FARM

PUBLIC FOOD / CULTURE

URBAN FARM DECENTRALIZED MECHANICAL ROOM

BRIDGE BUILDING The Hague

15

photovoltaic board

RESIDENTIAL

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

3 55

20 mm | copper tube filled with frost-proof brine

PRODUCTIVE BUILDING ENVELOPE PROVIDES ENERGY AND VALUE TO ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD

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32

80 mm | steel support

GSEducationalVersion

OFFICE

6

Mixed use will create a symbiosis between building functions.

Food produced on the MATRIX DESIGN BASED RESEARCH Life farm will Second supply the restaurant, and waste will be used to create compost or as fuel for the generation of energy in a bioreactor.

33

Prioritizing the flexible and green intentions for the hospital, the floor plans of the each addition remain variable and able to be changed for required purpose. while the roof garden and newly reclaimed forest floor creates a healing space for patients and hospital staff.

facade structure

8

EXOVERT aims to renovate the existing tax office in a way that adds value to Amsterdam’s Sloterdijk neighbourhood environmentally, economically, and socially.

The proposal features a unifying exoskeleton that will support the addition of residential units and an urban farm, while supporting the existing structure. The exoskeleton echoes the existing structure and allows for freedom to create double height spaces to maximize light and social interaction in the office building. The decentralization of mechanical equipment and the division of the building into different conditioned zones that are supplied by services running through the exoskeleton gives opportunity to enhance the space by increasing the ceiling height. The residential units are made of upcycled shipping containers that can be optimally arranged to future needs.

The steel exoskeleton is theoretically 100% recyclable and is detailed to be demountable.

B

AMC Amsterdam

The new facade of J-Block extension exists with a double-double glazed facade to ensure lightness of structure directed through pilotis for structural support. This minimizes the interaction with the ground level while simultaneously minimizing structural weight and maximising thermal insulation. The use of prefabricated hollowcore concrete slabs aids in this by lowering the embodied mass of the structure

OFFICE DECENTRALIZED MECHANICAL ROOM PLINTH DECENTRALIZED ROOFTOP MECHANICAL ROOM

air

Arnhem after the destruction in 1944

Het Hof van Justitie after the destruction in 1944

Current Palace of Justice in Modernist Architecture

The main idea was to materials by reusing a other sensitive proble the stormwater floods drainages.

Summer Solar

MAP MAP 001 SYSTEM 001 SYST &

IMMEDIATE SURROUNDING CONTEXT - HOMOGENOUS GRID

The former Tax Office is situated in an insdus historical centrum and

Spring / Fall Solar

The schematic section basic concept scheme

Winter Solar

R PO

R PO

WER

not everybody is aw se wind turbines and them. Perhaps the m blades lifespan is be

Yearly Average Sunshine Choose reversible connections that can tolerate repeated assembly and disassembly

These wind turbine FEASIBILITY IN AMSb le because they are Glass Fiber, which c value. Contrary to it are high, especially w smaller pieces on sit to seperate the glue blades. An alternativ LS ERIA but to reuse them, su MAT ments.

Service Life

Service Life

24 Hour Cycle

24 Hour Cycle

Design the building with the whole lifetime of the building in mind

Design the building with the whole lifetime of the building in mind

As well as creating a plan for construction, design the building for deconstruction

As well as creating a plan for construction, design the building for deconstruction

Climate Conditions

Climate Conditions

Design a simple building that fits into the “larger context� system

Design a simple building that fits into the “larger context� system

Solar PV+T Panels

Heat Exchanger

F

Solar PV+T Panels

G

H

Heat Exchanger

F

Exhaust Air Heat Pump

F

G

LIFE10-25 years, now of ICE RV de has a length of 3

SE

F

SU N

Maja Lindborg | 5159806 AR1A080

Geothermal ENERGY SYSTEM ENERGY SYSTEM I Heatpump Large glass facades ensure good daylight conditions Large and glass facades ensure good daylight conditions and

minimize the need for electric lighting, while theminimize volumes the need for electric lighting, while the volumes and facade geomtry shades the building in areasand withfacade risk geomtry shades the building in areas with risk of overheating. Coloured solar cells are integrated of as overheating. part Coloured solar cells are integrated as part CONVERSION of the facade. of the facade.

TIM

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TEM

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SOLAR

SOLAR THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS

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SOL

AR PO

Climate control

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KEY MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS:

MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS

Safety

Documentation

ble connections e repeated isassembly

Provide safety procedures to handle all phases of the buildings’ life.

To ensure quality and value of the materials and resources, documentation during all phases is crucial.

ENT ATIO

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ITIO

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IFIC

Identification Physical identification on the individual elements are important for finding the correct information.

1. Existing Structure Renovation, Improve Insulation, while still keeping existing ventilation system.

AT

ION

M AIN

NA

NCE

Glulam Column

AG AV ER LY

CYCL E HO

YE

UR

AR

ERIM INT

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AMC

AVERAGE HOSPITAL

The 3 dimensional facade is designed for passive shading and optimal solar gains from the PV panels that cover the louvres on the tower facade. The glass facade is protected from direct sunlight which can cause glare and uncomfortable indoor temperature.

Energy consumption Energy consumption

25 % LIGHTING

50 % LIGHTING

Architecturally integrated photovoltaics makes it possible to harvest clean energy from the sun and emphasize building expression. The large amounts of energy can cover a big part of the buildings total energy use, without compromising the design of the building.

Proportion of total overall energy consumption (%)

AMC

3. Insertion of ceiling for modules.

Ceiling includes heating and insulation.

Ceiling module will also be connected to existing ventilation system/mechanics.

PHOTOVOLTAIC INTEGRATTION OPTIONS

WING M

Crystalline Silicon PVs

The building annually produces 1900 MWh of clean energy and covers nearly 50% of total electrical consumption

Increased daylight

Silicon PV cells are the most prevalent and efficient at 20-25%. They can be integrated into custom arrays and specified in various colours. Strategic integration of custom arrays into the facade design can offset the energy needs of the building.

Winter Condition Southern Facade EAHP

1

CLT Wall

5. Addition of secondary modules with different 6. Addition of area for public access (staircase with display functions. E.g.: common area with urban farming of informavtion about the area and history of building). Addition of enclosure for public space to stabilize climate.

Coloured ETFE foil Encapsulant Reflector

Integrated Photovoltaics for energy generation

Self-Tapping

Screws PV Glass Panel + Aluminium Frame + Louvres CLT Ceiling unit to Plyboard to seal gaps CLT Wall (Box Unit) between modules connection

Anchor Bolts

5

4 Steel Plate

CLT Wall to CLT Wall corner connection

extracted to EAHP unit 4. Climate ceiling radiates

pacts of being surrounded by plants Internal aluminum interface

FACADE

Plants need soil, but their combined weight would be challanging for the existing balcony. With the granulate from used diapers, one can easily create light-weight soil. Besides reducing weight, CONSIDERATIONS: FACADE they make soil nutritious andCONSIDERATIONS: can absorb a great amount of water then release the stored water.

AG E

UR C

WING M

Some companies a create solid bricks Using this techniqu waste to any basic plants.

Cork is a natural m sustainable if we c bottles, shoes, or o them for insulation!

SInce cork comes which is released in ning it. This gives a reuse them.

W

Europaletts are w ducts. But if they c re, it makes perfec for plants.

The choice for Eur ding“ was also mad ments. The Tax Of loadbearing facade meters. The length of this raster, whic ony.

The fixture onto th are easily replacea these paletts are d conditions.

Wood-fibre External Bio-composite glass Wood-fibre Bio-composite warm air Building 2019/20 I Group Prof. Nout I Eszter Katona 5132096 insulation windowinterior shell Engineering insulation Studios interior shell Standardized Profiles Standardized Profiles 5. Exhaust air from room, exMaterial Selection for Material Selection for tracted using existing HVAC Re-usability Re-usability Biological Building Materials Biological Building Materials fan system to be re-used for https://biobuildproject.eu/

Easily Accessible Mounting

The BioBuild facade system hashallways 50% lower embodied The BioBuild energy, facade than system has 50% lower embodied energy, than & public area. tradtional options, and is tested to Eurocode standards tradtional options, and is tested to Eurocode standards

Using CLT, Glulam and mostly timber construction due to its added benefits: Good thermal performance (less space needed for insulation - R. Value of 4), Fire protection, Faster installation time, Rigidity, Good Acoustic Performance, Sustainable production through sustainably managed forest.

AM

The building annually produces 190 covers nearly 50% of total ele

External glass window

https://biobuildproject.eu/

1

Easily Accessible Mounting

Power Plant

Encapsulant Glass

Double Facade for heat gain control

- Studies shows several positive health im-

underground/or be used.

double facade will not block and allowing the sunlight to enter.

3. Exhaust air from box/room is

2

50 % LIGHTING

- Creating microclimate in the summer through evaporation, and in winter through an additional insulation layer on the facade. Additionally, they are less dense in the winter, so they

Biocomposite Wood Biocomposite Internal aluminum Wood sun is lower,exterior thus the exterior shell 2. Wintersubstructure shellinterface substructure

3

2

AVER

Proportion of total overall energy

N

allow sunlight to pass through, therefore Output: Power Output:can Power double facade. Hot air will rise heat up the space.

- Soil can ca��pture (storm) water and be extracted by EAHP, - Creating/protecting biodiversity in cities Photovoltaic Photovoltaic HEAT KEY CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS: KEY CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS: EXCHANGER - Some plants have producing food excess energy will be stored Integration Integration

Thermal Insulation

ENERGY MANAGEMENT

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N

1. Heat trapped between the

Rubber (For expansion and fire stopping)

Rubber/Gasket (For expansion and fire stopping)

Reduced cooling

1. Fresh air intake through louvres, enters the Full Cell Fullroom Cell through opening of window during The project includes a fuelsummer vell that utilizes The biomass projectto includes annually a fuel vell that utilizes biomass to annually The best way to be sustainable in architecture is to renovate an existing building. Nothing requigenerate 900 MWH of green electricity ingenerate a cogeneration 900 MWH of green electricity in a cogeneration 2. Summer sun is blocked res less embodied energy, than to restore a builprocess. process. ding. by the double facade, helps A large part of the existing building, such as reduce heat coming into the The energy system integrates a fuel cell that The produces energy system energy integrates a fuel cell that produces energy load-bearing structure and staircases are kept. room.

Meanwhile, the exterior railings from the balcofrom waste, a Thermo Frigo Pump with underground from waste, aenergy Thermo Frigo Pump with underground energy nies, metal and wooden parts of the facade, as 3. Exhaust air from box/room carpet flooring are reused. storage, photovoltaics and a facade that storage, reduces photovoltaics the need for and a facade thatConceptual reduces theDiagram: need for well as the original Conceptual Diagram: and heat trapped double faenergy consumption. energyinconsumption.

Double Facade Double Facade cade is extracted to EAHP unit 4. Climate ceiling radiates cool 5 The solar protective blades have an irregular shape, so they do not cover the facade com�leair (windows Geothermal preferably closed Geothermal Heat Exchange Heat Exchange telyTo avoid localised overheating, the former climate being balconies are transformed to huge pots for Heating and cooling needs arewhen provided throughHeating aceiling thermodynamic andis cooling needs are provided through a thermodynamic plants. system TFP (Thermo Frigo Pump) with heat exchange. system Heat TFPand (Thermo cold Frigo Pump) with heat exchange. Heat and cold used) Input: Solar Energy Input: Solar Energy can be retracted from the pump, and surplus energy can be canretracted be storedfrom in the pump, and surplus energy can be stored in Plants have several advantages like: airdirectly. from room,storage ex- which can also be used directly. the geothermic storage which5. canExhaust also be used the geothermic - Producing Oxygen tracted using existing HVAC - Absorbing CO2 The geothermal system will produce The nearly geothermal system will produce nearly - Filter the air by capturing dust particles fan system to be re-used for on leaves 50% of the need in heating and cooling 50% of the need in heating and cooling hallways & public area.

- Sound Insulation

Water proofing & Vapor barrier

N

: Solar Energy

CLT Wall to CLT Floor Connection

Box (office module)

COVERED PV BUILD UP

M

Self-Tapping Screws

Glulam Column to CLT to Concrete Connection (4th Floor All CLT COnstruction)

Regular Floors Box-in-Box Construction Ceiling Unit

Existing Load Bearing Support

Thin film solar technology sandwiches the active material between glass panes and allows the installation to maintain transparency. The efficiency of these systems can range from 8% to 15% depending on type. The lower efficiency allows the system to act as solar shading while maintaining access to views.

ced ng

1 4

Existing concrete slab with new cut outs to allow air flow for double facade

4. Sealing of modular ceiling and modular box conenction, addition of accessories to modules (E.g. shelves).

Insertion of modules, one after another.

Transparent Thin Film PVs

E

3

Timber Floor + Acoustic Insulation CLT Floor to support ALL CLT construction of 4th floor

PHOTOVOLTAIC INTEGRATTION OPTIONS

2

Steel Plate

CLT Wall + Insulation

PHOTOVOLTAICS

50% of the energy consumption at the AMC is exhausted on lighting.

Compared to the average hospital, this is about 25% more.

How can we try and reduce the overall consumption of energy used for lighting?

Anchor Bolts

Steel Plate

Ceiling Suspenders

To secure the value of the materials, correct maintenance is crucial.

FE

REASONING FOR TOPIC CHOICE

3

Acoustic & Thermal Insulation Climate ceiling system Ceiling Panel finishing

Maintenance

TE

HEAT EXCHANGER

EAHP

4th Floor All-CLT Construction

2. Insertion of modules through existing structure. Modules designed to fit through the spacing. Prefabrication is used to make modules that fits different programs.

This ensures quality and faster construction time.

SA

CL

Interim Provide the necessary information on how to hadle materials in the interim state.

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AT IM

DESIGN FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION

ENERGY PRODUCTION

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E

E LIF

SER

Southern Facade Anchor Bolts

CLT Slab

DOCUM

LS

ERIA

Summer Condition

Intensive Green Roof Layer CLT Slab Timber Roof Beams

Building heat

BOX IN BOX CLIMATE CONCEPT`

Roof Construction CLT Parapet + Glass Balustrade

Most practical active solar heating systems provide storage from a few hours to a day's worth of energy collected.

MATERIAL STRATEGIES

FEASIBILITY IN AMSTERDAM

MAT

Energy saving light LEDs distributed in the zones close to the façade as well as replacing the remaining lighting in thebuilding with this more efficient lighting system.

Heat Storage NTR

Increased daylight

Reduced Facade Geometry cooling

Facade Geometry

Building heat

CONNECTIONS

BOX IN BOX CONSTRUCTION & STRUCTURAL LAYERS

TIC

TE CO CLIMA

ge Sunshine

e

ASSEMBLY SEQUENCE - BOX IN BOX: DOUBLE FACADE

Increased daylight

3. Energy Production: Building cooling Building cooling H. Increase amount of solar PV+T Panels on Roof & Improved system from the current PV Panels. Excess energy will be stored underground for future use.

I. Change to PV Glass Panels on Facade J. Heat trapped between Double Facade to be stored underground for future use

2. Reusing Waste Streams: D. Exhaust heat waste from office, hot water shower/bathroom, etc. recovery unit (Exhaust air heat pump E. Exhaust heat (collected between the double facade) recovery unit F. Rainwater collection from Courtyard, Green house, Green Roof (which has been filtered through the vegetation & substrate), and roof.

G. Fresh air filtered through the Greenhouse will be used to re-ventilate the interior spaces.

S

HE

ST

J

Winter Building Climate Condition

Low power LED

Creating a good indoor climate using daylight and natural ventilation, promoting productivity and comfort for building users.

AE

FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY

ng a plan n, design the construction

Photovoltaics This photovoltaic system includes solar panels to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity.

PO

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Beautiful bio-composite windows are not only sustainably functional on the building, but hold high aesthetic value from both inside the AMC and outside.

GE ORA T ST HEA

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WE R LE D

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S IAL TER MA

NL

SU

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uch as using local materials can be a method and just as reliable as others have to specially order in. As well, will decrease the room for error process.

Heat Cool Storage Well

1. Reduce Energy Demand: A. Added thermal insulation on existing envelope, as it is currently lacking B. Creation of Double Facade & Double glazing (to retain heat being emitted in interior, thus minimizing heat losses and traps heat from the sun in between the two skins) C. Change to energy efficient appliances & Removing roof overhang on Northern Facade to allow more sunlight during day time (existing 4th floor)

AMC

Energy consumption Ener

With closed sun protection

Heat Storage

J

Summer Building Climate Condition

Aesthetic Value

PHOT OVOL TAICS

ystems

DAVID FRITZ

Water Storage

KEY SOLAR CONSIDERATIONS:

ems derive clean, m the sun. Installing solar ome helps combat emissions and reduces our dence on fossil fuel.

PALEIS VAN JUSTITIE | ARNHEM

Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage

The building contains a 24/7 program to make use of heat excess potentials. By creating a simple glulam frame for each facade opening, each module can be customized to its own needs. An algorithm calculates the optimal combination of upcycled windows and doors for each module, and a breathing facade system decreases the building’s need for mechanical ventilation while being built of natural and 100% recyclable materials. The modules themselves can be assembled in factories to improve working conditions and levels of detailing as well as decrease on-site construction time.

AP 001 SYSTEM & CLIMATE ANALYSIS

consumption.

HO

Fuel cell

With open sun protection

F

YCLE

AV ER RLY

Fuel cell

Energy storage

Geothermal Heatpump

I F

resources. Bringing

REASONING FOR TO city, raises for inhab

50% of the energy consumption at the A Compared to the average hospital,

AHU + Localized Exhaust Air Heat Pumps

A window to the world

C It is important to hav

AG E

C

How can we try and reduce the overall consum

°C

Energy storage

Technical Room

NSAERPAC type called ITIO for 2 reasons: first, t ND the site, CO and second itsTEsize is suitable to A LIM

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On the "Harvest Map plenty of dead blade

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The diagram on the r the wind blades. Com

LIFE

TFP

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RV

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Enclosure for public areas, 4th floor and addition of all CLT/GLULAM construction + green roof.

The 4th floor intself is modular construction, however is not box in box construction as the office modules. The whole floor is constructed so that it can be removed with ease in the future if needed, ensuring flexibility.

TFP

H

ER MAT

ENERGY PRODUCTION

Yearly Average Sunshine Choose reversible connections that can tolerate repeated assembly and disassembly

SU N DESIGN FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION

Materials Choose materials with propterties that ensure they can be reused

AV ER

Materials Choose materials with propterties that ensure they can be reused

24

BUILDING CLIMATE CONCEPT

According to Pu Liu arch in Wind turbine will be 43 million ton FINANCIAL F de by 2050“.

FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY FEASIBILITY IN AMSTERDAM

Addition of modules for different functions that are currently lacking (e.g. common areas/ urban farming areas), and public circulation

SYST EM

SWind energy is curre

YEA

Replacing non-load bearing structures and office functions into prefabricated modules.

Making use of the grid-like facade and structure to an advantageous approach of adaptibility and flexibility.

TS

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Without sun protection

Removal of top floor roof overhang, to reduce shadow cast on facade facing North, and to allow new design of a more productive and functional roof

Current skin

OD

UC

IALS

Current structural (load bearing) skeleton with monumental value

PR

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KEY PRINCIPLES FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION: KEY PRINCIPLES FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION:




D

PR

SOLA SYST EM

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SOLAR

STRUCTURAL CONCEPT (SUBTRACTION & ADDITION)

SOLA

RT

SOLAR THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS




Certified Products

By giving preference to C2C products, Flower andBy giving preference to C2C products, Flower and

Flexibility for different programs & Swan-labelled adaptproducts andbe other Can also leftindoor openclimate plan,Swan-labelled products and other indoor climate of harmful certified products, off-gassing of harmful substances able for future changes. certified products, as long off-gassing as modules follow substances the existing building interiors can be minimised. from building interiors can be minimised.

Addition of more common areas, from which stuctural grid. is proven to be lacking in the area.

TIM OP

Modules for interior programs, to allow flexibility of future use.

Adding Public & Private Circulation on either side of building

T GH NLI SU

Materials

Certified Products Box in a box system/ second layer.

Creating Double Facade.

CE

ON

Aldo Rossi’s Idea of monuments shaping the city.

People’s memory and experience creates a city, and in return, the city will shape how one Exterior Existing Monument Envelope understands and experience through it.

Using the Post-modernist & Rossi’s idea of using architecture as collective memory, and thus even if the function changes, the envelope should stay the same. When translating this to the 21st century context, adaptability and flexibility seems to be a logical route in terms of sustainability.

MATERIAL CIRCULARITY

Solar power systems derive clean, pure energy from the sun. Installing solar panels on your home helps combat greenhouse gas emissions and reduces our collective dependence on fossil fuel.

CE RT IF IE D PR Pricing Pricing OD Sunlight Optimization Sunlight Optimization Considerations such as using local materials can be Considerations such as using local materials can U be Daylight needs to be controlled, especially in office Daylight needs to be controlled, especially office of a method and just as reliable as others a lotincheaper a lot cheaper of a method and just as reliable as Cothers TS buildings, to avoid discomfort glare and high buildings, to avoid discomfort glare andthat highyou would have to specially order in. As well,that you would have to specially order in. As well, luminance reflections on display screens, to provide luminance a reflections on display screens, to provide a will decrease the room for error planningahead will decrease the room for error planningahead good lighting level even in the deeper part of a room good lighting level even in the deeper part of a room thoughout the process. thoughout the process.

PR ICIN and to reduce cooling loads. and to reduce cooling loads.

G

LS ERIA MAT

CULTURAL

Solar Power Systems

Materials

TI IZA TIM OP

FLEXIBILITY

Materials

Solar power systems derive clean, In a standard demoilition, buildings lose around most In a standard demoilition, buildings losepure around most energy from the sun. Installing solar of their original material value. We are pioneeringofconstruction their original material value. We are pioneering construction panels on your home helps combat systems with manufacturers so that the orginal value systems of the with manufacturers so that thegreenhouse orginal value of emissions the gas and reduces our components and materials are preserved. components and materials are preserved. collective dependence on fossil fuel.

CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT - ADAPTABILITY, FLEXIBILITY, MODULARITY

T GH NLI SU

ENERGY REDUCING

Similar pattern of facades, huge empty public squares. Importance of the 20th century modernist facades in regards to Arnhem’s history. Although the modernist values traditionally ignores KEY PRINCIPLES FOR FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY: KEY PRINCIPLES FOR FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY: historical context, we can still put value and meaning into the cold grid-like facade. Since this Palace of Justice is the first newly Palace of Justice constructed in complete 20th century design, its seemingly ordinary look can be given more value: both historical and functional.

Solar Power Systems

CONCEPT DIAGRAM THE CITY AS COLLECTIVE MEMROY

YEA

Palace of Justice, Arnhem, Netherlands @ 1:2500 // Focus of study: Southern Facade

Encapsulant Cells

ENERGY PRODUCTION

ENERGY PRODUCTION

Conceptual Diagrams

Conceptual Diagrams

Encapsulant

Visualization Palace of Justice

Modular Prefab Elements

Modular Prefab Elements

Mechanical Joints

Mechanical Joints

Building Engeneering Studio | David Fritz 5149215 | 2020

Backsheet

put: Power

38°

PRODUCTION POTENTIAL

W

East & West Façades

Solar Thermal Collectors

PV units per element: 120

38°

Optimal fixed tilt for sun exposure Optimal fixed NL tilt for sun exposure in Amsterdam, NL Thermal Solar Storage Thermal Collectors Geothermal Heat Thermal Storage Geothermal Heat in Amsterdam, (Placed in the technical floors)

(Placed in the technical floors)

Thermal Mass

RATIONS: South & East South & West 120 cells

files for

CLIMATE CONCEPT

Mounting

HARVEST

Power Plant

ements

BUILDING LIFE CYCLE (aim)

BUILDING LIFE CYCLE (aim)

Wing M

Wing M

1

Open Office Spaces

for sun exposure in Amsterdam, NL

Stuff 1 day - 10 year

1

Systems 7-15 year

BUILDING SKELETON & FACADE BUILDING SKELETON & FACADE

Natural Ventilation

Self Shading Facad

Stuff 1 day - 10 year Systems 7-15 year

Thermal Mass Thermal Energy Storage

Interior 30 year

LETON & FACADE

Interior 30 year

Low Carbon Materi

Natural Ventilation Extra Insulation in between floors

50

Facade 20-50 year

50

Facade 20-50 year

Self Shading Facade

Integrated PV Cells Low Carbon Materials 38°

100

33°

Integrated PV Cells

Construction & foundation 100-300 100 yearConstruction & foundation 100-300 year

Good Micro-Climat Good Micro-Climate

eternal

Site

eternal

Site

Power & Heat Storage

Power & Heat Stora

STRATEGIES Better understanding the selected energy systems

STRA Better understanding th

MATRIX DESIGN BASED RESEARCH Second Life

Technical Drawings the seasons

Vertical section AA - 1:20

16

17

18

19

Palace of Justice

20

Leeuwarden, 1970

UMC

De Knip

Amsterdam, 1982

Amsterda

1 2 3 4

22 23 24

Energy production

by Ludvig Sundberg

ng

The Hague, 1999

The tower will keep its current function as a tax office. The key goal is to treat it as a cultural heritage monument. The appearance of the tower is preserved by re-using the aluminum cladding, the concrete structure and the prefabricated elements.

Technical Drawings

Detail B

300

8 9

Bridge Buildi m, 1994

De Knip was built in 1991, meaning that in a few decades it might be considered a cultural heritage building, restricting the possibilities to alter or demolish the building. This project seeks to find a renovation alternative that would preserve the original architectural expression while also improving the building to meet modern standards in terms of environmental performance.

A

5 6 7

Season: Winter un Inclination: 14° Goal: allow direct radiation inside to mitigate cold winter days ect Radiation: 85% 21

Tax Office

Arnhem, 1863

Elevation S/SW/SE - 1:20

Spring/Fall theSeason: seasons un Inclination: 38° Goal: allow some direct radiation inside to take advantage of the mid season weather ect Radiation: 55%

Vertical section AA - 1:20 Sitting eye level - 115 cm 16

17

18

19

15

14

13

12

20

11

10

Elevation S/SW/SE - 1:20

1 2 3 4

EXOVERT

A

B

Season: Winter un Inclination: 14° Goal: allow direct radiation inside to mitigate cold winter days ect Radiation: 85%

DAN SOBIERAJ

ADAPTABLE FUNCTION + FORM

22 23 24

8 9

Detail A

21

Detail B

A 15

Season: Spring/Fall 38° Goal: allow some direct radiation inside to take advantage of the mid season weather ect Radiation: 55%

The sill collaborates with the Brise Soleil, reflecting natural light to the interiors to avoid overheating.

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13

12

11

10

F Facade (see AA)

F Cladding Structure (see BB)

1.

Cladding rainscreen panel (uhpc), 15 mm

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

Waterproof membrane (pe), 2 mm Insulation (pu), 160 mm Cladding structure Vapor barrier (pe), 2.2 mm Existing prefab wall (concrete), 180 mm Technical cavity, 60 mm Acoustic wall (mdf), 16 mm

25. L bracket, 120(L)x45(D)x50(H) 26. C channel 27. T profile, 100x100x11(t) 28. “Omega� support

2. Air gap, 30 mm Sitting eye level - 115 cm

Horizontal section BB - 1:20 B

R Facade (see BB)

29 30

29. Existing prefab pillar 30. Existing prefab wall

1340

R Brise Soleil (see AA)

5850

20

350

460

395

10. Metal sheet (matte white aluminium) 11. Brise soleil element (uhpc) 12. Integrated PV panel 13. Hidden gutter 14. Inspection cavity 15. Rolling shutter

The tilted surface, moreover, broadens the light cone and provide

Detail A

F Floor (see AA)

lighting.

Season: Summer un Inclination: 62° Goal: keep radiation away to avoid overheating of the interiors ect Radiation: 0%

16. Foor finishing (velour carpet), 5 mm 17. Screed (concrete), 45 mm 18. Floor heating 19. Insulation, 30 mm 20. Acoustic membrane (rubber), 5 mm 21. Existing prefab Slab, 230 mm 22. Installations cavity, 375 mm 23. False Ceiling (plasterboard), 15 mm 24. Ceiling finishing (Plaster), 2 mm

25

26 27 28

(mm) 0

500

A

opagator

F Facade (see AA)

F Cladding Structure (see BB)

1.

Cladding rainscreen panel (uhpc), 15 mm

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

Insulation (pu), 160 mm Cladding structure Vapor barrier (pe), 2.2 mm Existing prefab wall (concrete), 180 mm Technical cavity, 60 mm Acoustic wall (mdf), 16 mm

25. L bracket, 120(L)x45(D)x50(H) 26. C channel 27. T profile, 100x100x11(t) 28. “Omega� support

2. Air gap, 30 mm Vertical section DD(pe), - 1:20 3. Waterproof membrane 2 mm

Bio wall principle

R Facade (see BB)

C

D

29 30

29. Existing prefab pillar 30. Existing prefab wall

1340

10. Metal sheet (matte white aluminium) 11. Brise soleil element (uhpc) 12. Integrated PV panel 13. Hidden gutter 14. Inspection cavity 15. Rolling shutter

5850

20

350

460

E

‌.

F Floor (see AA) 16. Foor finishing (velour carpet), 5 mm 17. Screed (concrete), 45 mm 18. Floor heating 19. Insulation, 30 mm 20. Acoustic membrane (rubber), 5 mm 21. Existing prefab Slab, 230 mm 22. Installations cavity, 375 mm 23. False Ceiling (plasterboard), 15 mm 24. Ceiling finishing (Plaster), 2 mm

25

Standing eye level - 165 cm

1000

RESIDENTIAL UNITS INDIVIDUAL PACKAGED SYSTEMS

URBAN FARM

PUBLIC FOOD / CULTURE

URBAN FARM DECENTRALIZED MECHANICAL ROOM

OFFICE



ď ‡ď Źď Ąď şď Šď Žď §

OFFICE DECENTRALIZED MECHANICAL ROOM



Elevation N/W/E - 1:20

C

D

E

ď ’ď Ľď€­ď ľď łď Ľď ¤ď€ ď °ď ˛ď Ľď Śď Ąď ˘ď ˛ď Šď Łď Ąď ´ď Ľď ¤ď€ ď Łď Żď Žď Łď ˛ď Ľď ´ď Ľ

ď ’ď Ľď€­ď ľď łď Ľď ¤ď€ ď ď Źď ľď ­ď Šď Žď ľď ­ď€ ď °ď Ąď Žď Ľď Źď ł

305

230

1 2 3

MARKET

PLINTH DECENTRALIZED ROOFTOP MECHANICAL ROOM

75

6

500

RESIDENTIAL

22 23 24 25 26 27

Vertical section DD - 1:20

2900

0

26 27 28

(mm) 0

Detail C

5

18 19 20 21

ď ”ď ¨ď Ľď€ ď °ď Ąď Žď Ľď Źď łď€ ď Ąď ˛ď Ľď€ ď Ąď Źď ´ď Ľď ˛ď Ľď ¤ď€ ď ´ď Żď€ ď ˘ď Ľď€ ď ¤ď Ľď€­ď Ąď ´ď ´ď Ąď Łď ¨ď Ąď ˘ď Źď Ľ

ď ’ď Ľď€­ď ľď łď Ľď ¤ď€ ď ˇď Šď Žď ¤ď Żď ˇď ł

PRODUCTIVE BUILDING ENVELOPE PROVIDES ENERGY AND VALUE TO ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD

395

R Brise Soleil (see AA) 305

230

Elevation N/W/E - 1:20 Horizontal section BB - 1:20

300

lighting.

375

The sill collaborates with the Brise Soleil, reflecting natural light to the 1 2 interiors to avoid 3 overheating.

The tilted surface, 4 moreover, broadens the light cone and provide

75

0

The second skin enhances the building’s performance with minimal disturbance to the existing building and operation. It creates both a thermal layer that can be vented, but also a gathering and circulation space to connect users together. Modular panels on the facade are optimized to best fit their orientation.

Panels of flora create natural Cirulairity air purification, nesting spaces for wildlife, and increase user comfort. Solar PV / hot water utilizes the building’s solar exposure to power and heat the building. During peak periods, surplus electricity that is generated can be supplied to neighbouring buildings.

EXOVERT aims to renovate the existing tax office in a way that adds value to Amsterdam’s Sloterdijk neighbourhood environmentally, economically, and socially.

The proposal features a unifying exoskeleton that will support the addition of residential Mixedhistoriy use will create a symbiosis between Cultural B units and an urban farm, while supporting building functions. Food produced on the the existing structure. The exoskeleton farm will supply the restaurant, and waste echoes the existing structure and allows will be used to create compost or as fuel for freedom to create double height spaces for the generation of energy in a bioreactor. to maximize light and social interaction in the office building. The decentralization of mechanical equipment and the division of the building into different conditioned Flexibility 1000 zones that are supplied by services running through the exoskeleton gives opportunity to enhance the space by increasing the ceiling height. The residential units are made of upcycled shipping containers that can be optimally arranged to future needs.

The steel exoskeleton is theoretically 100% E recyclable and is detailed to be demountable.

300

Season: Summer un Inclination: 62° Goal: keep radiation away to avoid overheating of the interiors ect Radiation: 0%

un Inclination: opagator

Energy reduction

B

5 6 7

Bio wall principle

4

375

E

7

Detail C

5

300

18 19 20 21

18. Climbing Support (steel wire) 19. Pollutant-absorbing plant 20. Pot element (uhpc) 21. Metal sheet (matte white aluminium) 22. Pot support 23. Planting soil, 200 mm (ca. 315 kg/m2) 24. Compact sand, 50 mm 25. Geotextile (pp), 0.6 mm 26. Drainage (hdpe), 30 mm 27. Emergency overflow

Green wall module Irrigation pipe Wall module support Inlet ventilation (Heat recovery system) Sparrow/Swift nesting box (fiber glass) Bat nesting box (fiber glass) Bee-hive box (fiber glass)

PM10 7

PM2.5

D

BUILDING PROGRAM

Horizontal section EE - 1:20

180 1200

5985

(mm) 0

C

CO2 NO2 PM10

r

PM2.5

air

Heat recovery system -reduced enerygy demand -more comfort (heat and moisture treatment) -60-95% of exhaust heat is recovered

hidden by the horizontal pattern of

1200

60

180

160

30

ER

SU

RN

TU

RE

INSULATION 5985

EXOSKELETON pollution is a hyperlocal

phenomenon (that means (mm) 0 500 that

VERTICAL GREEN WALL SYSTEM

1000

changes from one street to another), and result to be intense in the area because of the A10 and the railway

an exterior rolling curtain is installed, to give the possibility to control the amount of shading desired, as well as to keep the sun

emergency overflow pipes are provided in each pot, in order to avoid rain to accumulate in case of heavy downpours

37° 300

SOLAR HOT WATER PIPING COLD WATER SUPPLY

ELECTRIC PV PANEL

SOLAR HEATED WATER RETURN

UT

TP

50

plants are selected from local species, with pollutants absorption properties the tilt of the element (37°) follows the inclination of the sun in Amsterdam, to maximize the solar exposure 800 of the pv panel

180

LY

PP

ER

WAT

LD

CO

AT TW HO

Detail C “The pot� - 1:5

the screed above the heating system is only 2.5 cm thick, in order to provide a quick change of temperature this is because of the program hosted in the building, in which the heating system is often

(mm) 0

FUTURE ADAPTABILITY THROUGH INDEPENDENT EXOSKELETON INSULATED SPANDREL PANEL

SECOND SKIN

the openable base guarantees access to the cavity for inspection and maintenance

15

16 of polyurethane insulation thecm windows can be removed from boards take the place original the interior, thanks toof anthe openable 8 cm that of rockwool door allows the access to the pu is lighter and more performing frame and the u-value of the wall drops the gap of the openable door is from 0,883 to horizontal 0,146 m2K/W hidden by the pattern of the mdf acoustic panels

60

SOLAR FORM OPTIMIZATION FOR RESIDENTIAL UNIT + FARM

plants are selected from local species, with pollutants absorption properties the tilt of the element (37°) follows the inclination of the sun in Amsterdam, to maximize the1100 solar exposure of the pv panel

the sill is designed to maximize the reflection of natural light to the interiors drainage holes are introduced to avoid the accumulation of rain

the sill is designed to maximize the reflection of natural light to the interiors drainage holes are introduced to avoid the accumulation of rain

INTERCONNECTED FLOOR VOIDS

EXISTING FACADE LED LIGHTING

160

30

INSULATED BUILDING SERVICES

TRIPLE-GLAZED ARGON FILLED WINDOW PANEL

500

EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC OF SECOND SKIN BUILDING SERVICE DISTRIBUTION THROUGH EXOSKELETON

16 cm of polyurethane insulation boards take the place of the original 8 cm of rockwool pu is lighter and more performing and the u-value of the wall drops from 0,883 to 0,146 m2K/W

OU

STEEL GRILLE

pollution is a hyperlocal phenomenon (that means that changes from one street to another), and result to be intense in the area because of the A10 and the railway

the openable base guarantees access to the cavity for inspection and maintenance

15

250

PV

450

37°

EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC OF MODULAR PANELS

50

300

4%

EXOSKELETON ENCLOSURE

emergency overflow pipes are provided in each pot, in order to avoid rain to accumulate in case of heavy downpours

800

8. Foor finishing (velour carpet), 5 mm panels the mdf acoustic 9. Screed (concrete), 45 mm 10. Floor heating 11. Insulation, 30 mm 12. Acoustic membrane (rubber), 5 mm 13. Existing prefab Slab, 230 mm 14. Installations cavity, 375 mm 15. Heat recovery system (Aereco mod. dxr 230) 16. False Ceiling (plasterboard), 15 mm 17. Ceiling finishing (plaster), 2 mm

Detail B “The brise soleil� - 1:5

9%

1000

EXISTING BUILDING

an exterior rolling curtain is installed, to give the possibility to control the amount of shading desired, as well as to keep the sun

460

R Floor (see CC)

180

4%

Horizontal section EE - 1:20

160

The vegetation is chosen from the local biotope and absorbs pollutants

Green wall module 18. Climbing Support (steel wire) Irrigation pipe 19. Pollutant-absorbing plant Wall module support 20. Pot element (uhpc) Inlet ventilation (Heat recovery system) 21. Metal sheet (matte white aluminium) glass)be removed from Sparrow/Swift nesting box (fibercan 22. Pot support the windows Bat nesting box the (fiberinterior, glass) 23. Planting soil, 200 mm (ca. 315 kg/m2) thanks to an openable Bee-hive box (fiber glass) 24. Compact sand, 50 mm door that allows the access to the 25. Geotextile (pp), 0.6 mm frame 26. Drainage (hdpe), 30 mm the gap of the openable door is27. Emergency overflow

500

D

Detail C “The pot� - 1:5

Detail B “The brise soleil� - 1:5

~150-200

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

F Pot (see DD)

~150-200

F Green Wall (see CC)

9%

VERTICAL EXPANSION

1100

Heat recovery system -reduced enerygy demand -more comfort (heat and moisture treatment) -60-95% of exhaust heat is recovered

the interiors

MECHANICAL SYSTEM DISTRIBUTION

460 800

8. Foor finishing (velour carpet), 5 mm 9. Screed (concrete), 45 mm 10. Floor heating 11. Insulation, 30 mm 12. Acoustic membrane (rubber), 5 mm 13. Existing prefab Slab, 230 mm 14. Installations cavity, 375 mm 15. Heat recovery system (Aereco mod. dxr 230) 16. False Ceiling (plasterboard), 15 mm 17. Ceiling finishing (plaster), 2 mm

NO2

r

F Pot (see DD)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

R Floor (see CC)

CO2

air

C

22 23 24 25 26 27

F Green Wall (see CC)

300

The vegetation is chosen from the local biotope and absorbs pollutants

160

6

300

2900

Standing eye level - 165 cm

the interiors

the screed above the heating system is only 2.5 cm thick, in order to provide a quick change of temperature this is because of the program hosted in the building, in which the heating system is often

800

(mm) 0

250

450

500

of a heavy duty bridge like efab concrete elements that each other. The horizontal g is achieved through the (in North South direction) e (in East West direction).

ts into the structure, one cores had to be taken he centre core. In order E-W) a steel structure is

e out of CLT (cross self standing. They are ty pedestal system in any irregularities. The box r plate which two wall rder to guarantee stability n the but allow as much o enter, the load bearing walls.

CLIMATE CONCEPT General: The pots work with a Plug & Play principle. This way the installation is easened and the pots can be reused in other situations. The connection to the central system is made underneath the corridor floor where all services run. Via one of the vertical connections (such as an atrium or the stairwell) services are guided towards the first floor which will be used for services only (which is also helpful for the structure that needs to carry the extra weight of the CLT pots).

Ventilation: Mechanical extraction in kitchen and bathrom from the pots to the collective space creates underpressure sucking in air from the outside via the open balcony. The extracted air will create an overpressure in the collective space (corridor and atria) forcing the air out.

Heating: The pots are heated through insulation panels applied in the pots. Furthermore, the heated up air that is extracted will be reused to warm up circulation space.

The insulation runs around every pot, making them independently usable from eacht other. This allows

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row â—? SECOND LIFE

75

76

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

OBSERVATIONS & LESSONS LEARNED

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

77

78

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

OBSERVATIONS ● Context

1

The Importance of CONTEXT

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

79

OBSERVATIONS ● Size

2

When Generating Energy, SIZE MATTERS

80

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

OBSERVATIONS ● Culture

3

Within Cultures, NEEDS CHANGE

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

81

OBSERVATIONS ● Adaptability

4

Architecture and the Degree of ADAPTABILITY

82

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

OBSERVATIONS ● Material Strategy

5

The Importance of a MATERIAL STRATEGY

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

83

OBSERVATIONS ● Human & Being

6

Architecture, HUMAN & BEING

84

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

OBSERVATIONS ● RE-Design Engineering

7

The power of RE-DESIGN ENGINEERING

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

85

COLOPHON Atelier Rijksbouwmeester

Korte Voorhout 7, P4.22

2511 CW Den Haag

088 - 115 81 71

AnnA Architect

Contactweg 47

1014 AN Amsterdam

+31 (0)6 1790 6316

Copyright © 2020 by TU Delft / AnnA All rights reserved. This book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of the publisher except for the use of brief quotations in a book review.

Printed in the Netherlands First Publishing, summer 2020

86

SECOND LIFE ● The ar c hi te cture o f to mo rrow

TEAM Architectural Engineering Thijs Asselbergs Annebregje Snijders Barbara de Groot Ferry Adema Martijn Baelemans Mary Lou van den Berg

LECTURES + Q&A Hilde Remøy (MBE) Jean Didier Steenackers Sabine Jansen (AE+T) Thaleia Konstantinou (AE+T) Zoheir Haghighi (AE+T)

TEACHERS Annebregje Snijders Bob Geldermans Ferry Adema Hans Nout Hilde Remøy Hubert van der Meel Jos de Krieger Marcel Bilow Nico Tillie Paddy Tomesen Pim Marsman Pirouz Nourian Rico Heykant Roel van de Pas Siebe Broersma Thaleia Konstantinou Thomas Offermans

STUDENTS Graduation Studio

Daan Reinders Leonore van Zinnicq Bergmann Martijn Baelemans Robert-Jan Altena Sebastiaan Brouwer Stan van Stralen Thomas Edes Tolga Őzdemir Yvonne Yuen

BES Studio

Andre Backlund Antoinette Oni Antonia Bohn Bethel Lemma Boris Baars Casper Pasveer Charlotte van Liessum Clara Beckers Comanceanu Daniel Sobieraj Daryna Chernyshova David Fritz Dries Brøns Elena Quattri Eleonora Farcomeni Elke Mulders Emma Chris Avramiea Eszter Katona Eva Simon Thomas Filippo Testa Fraser Carroll Giannis Nikiforou Gongbu Han Hannah Namuth Hengwei Ji Irene Louer Isabel Huiskes Jacopo Anzolin Jain Jan Panhuis Janneke Visser Jeanique Romeijnders Jesslyn Humardani Jules van Hoof

Julka Veerman Júlia Dubois Auleda Katerina Demetriou Katharina Stommel Katherina Bruh Koen Meijman Konstantina Schoina Laura Wiedenhöver Leonardo Barros Lorenzo Sabatini Louise Gillett Ludvig Sundberg Luuk Dehing Maciej Moszant Maja Lindborg Marian-Alexandru Matteo Ornato Matthew Touzet Meryl Leyhe Michelle Li N. Clemente Natalie Keynton Pim Voermans Qiaoyun Lu Raven van der Steen Rina Gorchaj Robert Roohé Rodriguez Rogier Tamminga Rokas Stasiulis Roko Guberina Sam Verdegaal Samuel Thoben Siddharth Popatlal Stanislaw Klajs Tamás Dongó Teixeira Théo Braekman Tomi Akinyemi Ton van Giessen Ugo Azoulay Vittoria Poletto Xiaohu Yan Xuandi He Ye Jin Yi-Chen Shih Yuchen Li Yuhang Shi

PARTNERS

The ar c hi te ctu re o f t o m o r row ● SECOND LIFE

87