Research work on Major Natural disasters in India

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UK) (An approach to disaster management)

Dr. A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, UTTAR PRADESH, LUCKNOW SUBMITTED BY:

ANKITA RANA 1332781018 GUIDED BY:AR. VIPIN MAHESHWARI IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE

OF BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE IN ARCHITECTURE

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

1

4.4 COMPARISON OF CASE STUDIES 4.4 COMPARISON OF CASE STUDIES

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

2

Figure 66–Comparison of materials used for the construction Figure 66–Comparison of materials used for the construction

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

3

Figure 67–Comparison of construction technique used for the construction Figure 67–Comparison technique used for HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACHof TOconstruction DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

the construction

4

Figure 68–Comparison of construction technique used for the construction Figure 68–Comparison of construction technique used for the construction

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

5

Figure 69–Comparison of structure used for the construction Figure 69–Comparison of structure used for the construction

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

6

4.5 RESEARCH WORK 1.

2.

3.

4.

DHAJJI DEEWARI – EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE TECHNIQUE. STUDY OF KEDARNATH NATURAL DISASTER STUDY OF UTTARKASHI SETTELMENT AROUND RIVER STUDY OF HIMALAYAN SETTELMENT LOCATED ON DIFFERENT LOCATION.

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

7

4.5.1 DHAJJI DEEWARI – EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE TECHNIQUE. The term dhajji dewari is thought to be derived from a Persian word meaning “patchwork quilt wall” and is a traditional building type found in the western Himalayas. It is a straightforward construction technology that can be easily built using local materials; timber and masonry infill with mud mortar.

Figure 70–Dhajji Deewari construction technique

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS MODEL DESCRIPTION A dhajji dewari house of the type now commonly being Figure 70–Dhajji Deewari construction technique constructed in Pakistan after the 2005 Kashmir earthquake was chosen for detailed nonlinear dynamic time history analysis.

Figure 70–Dhajji Deewari wall details Figure 70–Dhajji Deewari wall details

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

8

.

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT. Figure

71–Construction techniques and material specification.

Figure 71–Construction techniques and material specification.

9

Figure 72– Foundation and flat roof Figure 72– Foundation and flat roof

Figure 73– Fenestrations detail.

Figure 73– Fenestrations detail.

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

Figure 74– Types of retaining walls Figure 74– Types of retaining walls

10

4.5.2 STUDY OF KEDARNATH NATURAL DISASTER In June 2013, a multiday cloudburst centered on the

North

Indian

state Uttarakhand caused devastating

floods

and

landslides becoming the country's

worst

disaster

since the

natural 2004

tsunami. The reason the floods occurred was that the rainfall received was on a larger scale than the regular rainfall the state usually

received.

The

debris

blocked up

the

rivers,

causing

major

overflow. The main day of the flood is said to be on 16 June 2013.

Figure 75– Kedarnath flash floods Figure 75– Kedarnath flash floods HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

11

The Chorabari Lake(3960masl) also known as Gandhi Sarovar Lake, is a snow melt and rain fed lake, located about 2km upstream of Kedarnath town which is approximately 400m long, 200m wide having a

depth

of

15–20m.

The

bursting of this lake led to its complete draining within 5– 10min as reported by the watch and ward staff of the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology (WIHG), who were present in WIHG

camp

at

Chorabari

Glacier on 16 June and early morning of 17 June 2013. The heavy rainfall together with melting

of

snow

in

the

surrounding Chorabari Lake washed off both the banks of the Mandakini River causing massive devastation to

the

Kedarnath town.

Figure 76– Kedarnath region effected by floods 76– Kedarnath region effected by floods HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRIFigure (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

Figure 77– Sectional details of effected region Figure 77– Sectional details of effected region

12

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

Figure 78– Kedarnath destruction during flashfloods 4.5.3 UTARKASHI VULNERABILITY TO

13

4.5.3 UTARKASHI VULNERABILITY TO DISASTER 4.5.3 UTARKASHI VULNERABILITY TO DISASTER

Figure 79 – Uttarkashi settlements Figure 79 – Uttarkashi settlements

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

Figure 80– Uttarkashi vulnerability to disaster 4.5.4 IMPACT OF EARTHQUAKE ON

14

4.5.4 IMPACT OF EARTHQUAKE ON BUILDINGS 4.5.4 IMPACT OF EARTHQUAKE ON BUILDINGS

Figure 81– Behavior of masonry structures during earthquake Figure 81– Behavior of masonry structures during earthquake

Figure 83-Types of landscape Figure 82– Impact on column during earthquake Figure 82– Impact on column during earthquake

HILLSIDE HOTEL COMPLEX, TEHRI (UTTRAKHAND) AN APPROACH TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT.

15