ESSENCE OF POWAI LAKE │ ANIKET GUPTA AND RAJINI BODDU │ BVCOA

3rd Year, 6th Semester 2022-23

ESSENCE OF POWAI LAKE 04- Rajini Boddu 09- Aniket Gupta

BHARATI VIDYAPEETH COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE GUIDED BY: Ar. Himika Lakhanpuria & Ar. Anshul Rai

ABSTRACT Powai Lake is an artificial lake and the hills surrounding it make it an apt place to relax and take a break from the busy chores of life. To get a clearer picture of the lake and its surroundings, a boat ride is organized which is quite a tranquil experience. There is also 'Powai Lake Garden' where you can sit and enjoy the serenity of the surroundings.

Another major attraction of this lake is that it is situated close to the luxurious Hiranandani gardens.

The reason behind choosing this place is because of its ecological value, which is that its a water body situated in one of the most busy parts of Mumbai surrounded by residential buildings, colleges and various flora and fauna. The type of people seen around the site are mostly the residents of Powai and people of all ages from kids to old aged people are seen. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powai_Lake

POWAI LAKE Location: Powai ,Mumbai, Maharashtra Coordinates: Latitude: 19° 06' 59.04" N Longitude: 72° 54' 16.96" E Site Area: 520 acres

Located in the Powai valley, where a Powai village once existed.

Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay and The National Institute of Industrial Engineering, some of the premier educational institutions in India are on the periphery of this lake.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powai_Lake

ORGIN OF THE SITE:

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1799 The Estate Where The Lake Is Now Was Leased On A Yearly Rent To Dr . Scott

1816 Death of Dr .Scott 1826 the government took control of the estate in 1826 and leased it to Framaji Kavasji, then the vice-president of the Agricultural and Horticultural Society of Western India

CONSTRUCTION OF POWAI LAKE 1889 The scheme was taken in hand

1919 Five lakhs of rupees more were spent on the scheme in 1919 in an attempt to restore the supply at least for the suburbs but this, too, was given up with the development of the Tansa works.

1891 The lake was built by constructing dam between two hillocks across a tributary of Mithi river.

RESTORATION WORKS IN POWAI LAKE 1936 Bombay Presidency Angling Association was formed 1955 under the Societies Registration Act 1860, it was registered as the Maharashtra State Angling Association (MSAA) and the lake is now under their control.

1980 A project called 'Revitalization of Powai Lake' (courtesy the 1980 batch of IIT Mumbai) was initiated with the aim of restoring its natural beauty using ecofriendly measures

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powai_Lake

2002 This program was launched in April, 2002 and was implemented by Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation or BMC (earlier called Bombay Municipal Corporation)

1995 The National Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP) included Powai Lake among the 'ten main lakes' of the country to be revived and improved.

EVOLUTION MAP:

2001

2007

2013

2002

2009

2014

2003

2010

2015

2004

2011

2016

2005

2012

2017 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powai_Lake

2001 AREA: 276.98 ARCES

2005 AREA: 263.79 ARCES

2010 AREA: 339.36 ARCES

2015 AREA: 329.83 ARCES

2020 AREA: 290.02 ARCES

Self Analysis using google images

BUILT STRUCTURE National Institute of Industrial Engineering

IIT Powai

L and T Business Park

POWAI LAKE Nirvana Park Hiranandhani

L&T Realty Business park

IIT Powai Hiranandani (Residential) National Institute of Industrial Engineering

OBSERVATIONS: All the built structures are built around a lot of trees or have nature involved in their deign somehow and all the buildings are high rise as the FSI is more because of the Road width. No bungalow would be found.

https://www.slideshare.net/anushshenoy/evs-powai-lake-ppt

DEMOGRAPHICS OF POWAI AREA (2020)

11.88 km²

POPULATION (2020) POPULATION DENSITY

216957 18255 people per km²

MALE POPULATION

113081

FEMALE POPULATION

103876

NEAREST AIRPORT & DISTANCE (AERIAL)

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, 4.24 km

NEAREST RAILWAY STATION & DISTANCE (AERIAL)

Kanjur Marg, 1.94 km

5536 3449 4404 5710 6926 8103 9509 10600

5633 3243 3869 4818 6121 7016 8279 8877 10321 10134

12602 13122 10766 9466 8483 7867

8660 8398 7731 1213

https://geoiq.io/places/Powai/AUnEXqB0Q5#population-tree-chart#population-tree-chart

EDGE CONDITION

SECTION AA’

SECTION BB’

POWAI LAKE KEYPLAN Self Analysis

SECTION CC’

SECTION DD’

SECTION EE’ Self Analysis

FLORA & FAUNA BALSAM BUSHES AROUND THE LAKE

HIMALA YAN BALSA M

• The diverse flora and fauna of this location are the most interesting attractions of the Powai Lake.

• This lake is infested with crocodiles that can be seen along the shore of the lake in large numbers and are easily spotted by fisherman.

• The other animals seen here are spot-billed duck, small blue kingfisher, white-throated kingfisher, spotted dove, Brahminy kite, purplerumpled sunbirds, white browned bulbuls, peregrine falcon, woolly-necked stork and many other species of animals.

• Also, there is a gorgeous carpet of Balsam bushes, which is seen as a beautiful carpet of an CROCODLE attractive pink-purple combination after its blossoms.

SPOT-BILLED DUCK

Panoramic view of Balsam https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H imalayan_Balsam" \o "Himalayan Balsam bushes

WATER QUALITY OF POWAI LAKE The main sources of water to Mumbai are five impounded lakes; Vehar, Powai, Tulsi, Tansa, Vaitarna and Upper Vaitarna. Powai Lake is in the heart of the city Powai Lake water supply is mainly to Aarey colony and nearby industries since its water is unfit for human consumption. In spite of cleaning and maintaining Powai Lake, quality of water is deteriorating due industries and human activities around Powai Lake.

Result and Discussion Various parameters of the water samples showed variations due to seasonal and anthropogenic activity 1. Color: Suspended matter, green aquatic vegetation and industrial waste give different color shades to the water. Color of the water is determined by visual comparison of the sample with distilled water.

2. Taste and Odour 3. Transparency: Light penetrates through water. It is measured by simple oceanography instrument known as sechhi desk 4. Total Alkalinity: The alkalinity of water is measured by how much acid it can neutralize 5. Total Hardness: Total hardness is defined as “the sum of calcium and magnesium concentration. During this work throughout year hardness was between 165 to 198 6. Phosphate: Phosphates are not toxic to people or animal unless present in water in high level. Digestive problem could occur due to extremely high level of phosphate 7. Nitrate: Domestic waste, untreated industrial effluents and chemical fertilizers are the major sources of nitrates in water. Presence of nitrate indicates pollution level in water.

ISSUES

Observations: The water quality of Powai lake has highly deteriorated. The color is greenish caused by the abundant bloom of Blue-green algae and with the rising pollution and increased human activity, the natural ecosystem of Powai Lake has gone for a toss, killing many fishes .This has made the Government to act upon it and restore the lake

MAJOR CAUSES OF DETERIORTION OF LAKE 1. Uncontrolled development and unauthorized quarrying activities in the catchments.

2. Ingress of untreated sewage from the residential areas.

3. Dumping of Garbage and other waste materials in the lake.

4. Washing of clothes , vehicles, open defecation etc, on the lakeshore.

https://www.slideshare.net/anushshenoy/evs-powai-lake-ppt

ON SITE SURVEY QUESTIONS

ON SITE SURVEY QUESTIONS

ON SITE SURVEY QUESTIONS

ON SITE SURVEY QUESTIONS

ON SITE SURVEY QUESTIONS

ANALYSIS OF SURVEY QUESTIONS

ANALYSIS OF SURVEY QUESTIONS

ANALYSIS OF SURVEY QUESTIONS

ANALYSIS OF SURVEY QUESTIONS

ANALYSIS OF SURVEY QUESTIONS

DECREASE IN AREA

EUTROPHICATION

1.

1.

2.

3.

IN RECENT TIMES 40% OF THE LAKE HAS DISAPPERED. ACCELERATED GROWTH OF RESIDENTIAL, COMMERICAL ESTABLISHMENT. QUARRING ACTIVITY IN THE CATCHMENT AREA NOT AOUND THE LAKE.

WATER QUALITY DETEROATION 1.

2.

3.

UNTREATED DISPOSAL OF SEWAGE ABD GARBAGE FRON NEARBY RESIDENTIAL AND SLUM COLONIES HAVE AFFECTED THE QUALITY OF THE WATER. WASHING CATTLE ALSO DETERIORATES THE WATER QUALITY. WATER HYACINTH AND WEEDS FROM THE LAKE USE UP ALL DISSOLVED OXYEGN.

THE ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE TO THE ADDITION OF ARTIFICAL AS WELL AS NATURAL SUBSTANCE SUCH AS NITRATES, PHOSPHATES THROUGH FERTILIZER OR SEWAGE TO AN AQUATIC SYSETEM.

SILTING 1.

2.

SILT STUDIES CONDUCTED IN 1995 ESTIMATES THAT 4500 LAKH CUBIC METRES OF SILT HAS BEEN DEPOSITED IN THE LAKE ISNCE ITS CONSTRUCTION. THE LAKES DEPTH IS REPORTED TO HAVE REDUCED TO AS LITTLE AS 1.1 FEET AT SOME LOCATION.

CONCLUSION The entire Documentation of the site starts with the introduction of thesite and then slowly we go in depth about the demographics, people, flora, fauna, site surroundings, activity map, issues, Edge conditions and so on. This in depth analysis of the site needs to be taken into consideration so that in the future we can better the surroundings ofthe site and make it like it once was.

REFERENCE [1] “Water” (2006) Mumbai, World Water Day MEA and Brihan Mumbai Licensed plumbers Association (BMLPA).

[2] Pulitar Center Issue-“water and sanitation” (2016) News Hour, the common language project and the under – Told stories project – support provided by the larid Norton Family Foundation individual donors [3] Trivedi R.R. (1990) “Environmental impact assessment Encyclopaedia of Indian Environment” Vol-II. [4] Garn H.S., Elder G.F. and Robertson D.M. (2003). “Why study lake?” and overview of USGS Lake studies in Wisconsin. Lake study team, U.S. zoological survey Wisconsin district. Fact sheet 06 [5] Salaskar P.B Yeragi .S. G.and Ratrick G. (2007) “Environmental Status of Powai lake Mumbai India “ Proceedings of Taal 12Th world lake conference pp 1650-1654.

[6] Reddy M.S.and Char N.V.V. (2004) “Management lakes in India” [7] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powai_Lake [8] https://www.slideshare.net/anushshenoy/evs-powai-lakeppt [9] https://geoiq.io/places/Powai/AUnEXqB0Q5#populationtree-chart#population-tree-chart [10] https://www.slideshare.net/anushshenoy/evs-powai-lakeppt