Fallingwater landscape master plan

c: :::s (1)

N

o o o

Acknowledgements

Landscape Master Plan Prepared for the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy

by Andropogon Associates, Ltd. june 2000

Western Pennsylvania Conservangr

Fallingwater AdVisory Committee

Fallingwater Landscape Advisors

Larry Schweiger, President and Chief Executive Officer

linda Boxx

Sean Garrigan

Jerry Cecil

George Longenecker

Cynthia Carrow, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer

We wish to thank those who generously gave their time and expertise during this planning process. The following persons have made a number of invaluable suggestions that helped direct the outcome of this master plan.

Lynda Waggoner, Vice President and Director of Fallingwater lisa Smith, Director Land Stewardship Clinton Piper,Assistant to the Director, Fallingwater

David G. DeLong Sean Garrigan Fay Jones Paul Mayen Dennis McFadden Jack Millstein James Mitnick Susan Neszpaul Alexander C. Speyer III, Chai rman of Fallingwater Advisory Committee Michael Strueber William G. Swain Edgar Tafel Mario di Val marana MargilWalsh

Andropogon Associates, Ltd.

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

Table of Contents

II

Executive Summary Landscape Master Plan Existing Conditions

2

Alternatives for Facilities & Circulation

3

Recommendations

...... 4

Visitor Journey

....................

.................

5

Entrance. Ticketing. Parking & Pedestrian Journey

... 6

Visitor Facilities & Site Circulation

15

Maintenance

18

Landscape Design Vocabulary

20

Costs & Phasing

.................................................................................. 22

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan I

Executive Summary The stewards of Fallingwater, the

Lloyd Wright created overlooking

the 1980s to accommodate the

pedestrian experience while focus-

Western Pennsylvania Conservancy

Bear Run. This level of visitorship

thousands of visitors who travel

ing the visitor on the house and

(yVPAC), face challenges similar to

not only makes it hard to sustain the

here, but the new designs often

the site. Visitors will be redirected

those co nfronted by managers of

intimacy of the experience that the

detracted from the experience of

through a carefully orchestrated

valued landscapes all over the world

Kaufmanns enjoyed, but it also

the landscape and building.

sequence of experiences that

today: how to provide access for

imposes heavy burdens on the land-

ever-increasing numbers of visitors to a finite and often fragile environ-

scape itself.

ment without destroying the very place t hose visitors have come to see and experience.

problems of vehicle access, ticketing,

companion volume, the

circulation, parking, maintenance and

Kaufma nns, a Pittsburgh merchant

Management Plan identified two

family, Fallingwater's fame has contin-

often overlooked but critical aspects

ually increased. Today, the house has become one of the great icons of modern architecture, as well as one

of the Fallingwater experience: the "pilgrimage" journey from the main

viewing and sustains the level of design quality associated with Fallingwater. The proposed design

cal and management changes. The

road to the house and back again, and the health of the forest that

United States. Fallingwater now draws 150,000 visitors each year

envelops the house. It revealed that

from all over the world on a pilgrim-

mised by intrusively located struc-

age to t he forested Laurel Highlands of Western Pennsylvania, each

tures, coupled with an increasing demand for facilities. The Western

wanting to experience for them-

Pennsylvania Conservancy made a

selves the visionary synthesis of

number of changes to the Bear Run property from the 1960s through

Andropogon Associates, Ltd.

builds anticipation for the house

Interpretation and Management Plan, address these visitor impacts through recommendations for physi-

nature and architecture that Frank

Master Plan is to address the major

The Landscape Master Plan and its

Since its construction in the 1930s as a private retreat for the

of the best-loved buildings in the

The purpose of the Landscape

the visitor experience was compro-

Fallingwater Landscape Master Pl an II

Executive Summary experience of the house itself as

forms, materials and structures of the site, as well as Wright's vision of

The redesign of the entrance and driveways made it possible to reorganize the parking in a series of ter-

the integration of landscape and architecture.

races set into the hill, which will greatly minimize their visual impact

designs are executed will sustain the seamless experience of house and

and allow a central pedestrian spine that ends at the Visitor Pavilion.

Beyond the Pavilion, several paths are re-aligned to enhance the pedestrian journey to the house and back, and to create a new gathering area for groups and annual fund-raising events.A network of new paths and viewpoints is proposed which will help to disperse visitors in the land-

landscape that Wright sought through architecture.

vocabulary has been based on the

Participatory design workshops conducted during stages of the planning explored the costs and benefits of moving maintenance, administration

and bus parking to new locations, and the changes to staffing and operations that these would entail. These initial explorations led to the development of new site-wide utility systems that minimize damage to the landscape while providing "behind-the-scenes" service access to the core and safe, 18-wheeler truck access to new facilities.

Relocating the service and administrative functions away from the core made it possible to weave the vehicular and pedestrian circulation together as part of a continuous streamside journey through the forest to the house, an integral part of Fallingwater's aesthetic appeal.

Andropogon Associates, Ltd.

part of the forest and stream. The level of craftmanship by which the

scape, facilitate the closing of rogue trails and alleviate pressure on existing vistas.

These recommendations for physical change will help visitors and staff move more efficiently through the site. In conjunction with a program for forest restoration, these changes will, over time, reduce damage to the fragile landscape. Most importantly, the proposed changes will reinforce the pilgrimage route to and from the house, as well as the

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

III

Landscape Master Plan

, "

1 2 3 4 5

Reconfigured Main Enuance Ticketing Redesigned Entrance Drive Bus Oropoff lane Visitor Parking Terraces

6

Overflow Parking Central Walkway

7 8 9

, \

,

\ \

Return Boardwalk House Overlook

10 Realigned Rerum Drive 1 1 Bus Parking Area 12 Shade Structure 13 Bus Driver Rest Station 14 Event lawn 15 Cafe Seating 16 Meadow Path 1 7 Quarry Trail 18 Bear Run Trail 19 Cliffside Walk 20 Service Entrance 21 Maintenance Complex 22 Pedestrian Path to Bam

23 Water Supply Tank 2 4 Wastewater Treatment Plant 2S

/

/

/

!

,/'

Approximate scale of plan: I" = 300'

--

.-.;-

,.,..

-

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

f :;;,

"-

~

j;.

~

""'~~

---

"T1 ~

5째

~

"'"'" ~

r-

---

0..

,.., ~

""'"

,./

~

~

'"

V>

~

'"'" N

Vl .......

:::::l (jQ

'"

3!

m x

,

/'

/'

~

-

n

0

:::::l

0...

.......

0

:::::l

Vl

Alternatives for Facilities & Circulation ._------.. ><..

~~~;:::~

'<AT""", ..,.,..C "0 "o:.<>n

-

'; " ',-:,. ",;- -:'

=A~' ~""A""'Y'" ;::,~~,,,,,,,,,-_ _ , - - V;,·"·:;"",,,),"-":-;;,--,y: :

=;:,,-~

, -

-

~~

-"""'£:/,

t5!C;:;/

,' ,:=-7

~

~

'\

.. -"'~

~~;.?>-:=

,'\'~0

<-

"'%\t.

Vi.

\.:---r--

~',,\:'

'---i;:_-1;--"~"'--

%~~"""~'d"i ---~';'"'-';2l

.f

\c\!'!'L··""·~69

.'

Option A: Facilities remain within core area

Option B: Maintenance moved to Spruce Plantation

\',

""~."" TAAoc "0 ~"'""""

'.

~~"= ~""'''-''''''''

"'.,."

="""''''''-

'1

/

/

.... "

-~~.

.-orr""" .. ",,-,,=<.0.""<--..

FO"" . ,.....

p

~?

""".,.."' .... ,...",-6~

.

~:~~~><$

Option C:Ticketing at Route 381

Option 0: Administration and Maintenance Complex on Tissue Lane

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

3

Recommendations The recommendations listed here are described with detailed maps and illustrative drawings in the associated text sections.

Visitor lourney Entrance and Ticketing • Circulation & Bus Dropoff Visitor Parking • Overflow Parking Pedestrian Journey to Fallingwater • Pedestrian Journey to Pavilion Exit Drive • Bus Parking

Visitor Facilities & Site Circulation • Visitor Pavilion • Event Lawn at Gardener's Cottage • Site Trails

Service Facilities & Circulation Maintenance Complex at Route 381 Service Access • Utility Facilities • Service Connector Road • Staff Parking in Quarry

Landscape Design Vocabulary

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

4

Visitor Journey

Overflow parking area

/ .- .. ~'

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

5

Entrance & Ticketing The rural landscape along the route 381 approach to Fallingwater still retains much of the rustic character of a country retreat. Inside the The approach from route 381 north brings the visitor past the Bear Run Barn and snake fencing built by Edgar Kaufmann, Sr.

property. the winding road within the forest maintains this character. while building anticipation for the journey to the house. A number of issues. however. create difficulties for the visitor.

The angle of the current main entrance requires that buses approaching from the north on Route 381 pass the entrance and return after using a bus turnaround area. Sometimes a bus driver will try to make the turn and block the highway. creating a potentially dangerous situation.

The plan addresses this issue by reconfiguring the main entrance with The present entrance to Fallingwater will be modified to accommodate buses entering from either direction.

a deceleration lane and increasing the turning radius to make it busaccessible from both directions and improve safety.

Once past the gate. visitors are confronted with a fork in the road.

New signage & road marking will direct visitors to the right hand lane. which will retain its present configuration up to the ticket booth. At present. a line of cars accumulates at the booth on busy weekends. forcing visitors with reservations as well as staff members to wait in line with everyone else.

The plan will resolve this situation by creating dual-lane ticketing &

The ticket booth will be situated on an island to accommodate two lanes of vehicles.

reception. The entrance road will be divided into two lanes. and the ticketing booth relocated to an island between them. This will allow the separation of pre-paid and paying visitors. and minimize the backup of cars along the entrance drive. The new outside "through" lane for pre-paid visitors could also be used by articulated trucks ( 18-wheelers) making deliveries to the kitchen.

Fallingwater landscape Master Plan 6

Car Circulation & Bus Dropoff After following its current alignment for a short distance, the entrance drive will be realigned to pass through an existing "orphan" overflow lot, and along the edge of the promontory above Bear Run, before dropping down to the Visitor Pavilion. This new section of the drive will serve to resolve

f \ .y~

l,~,

-l ~

' ..' " ~ "

the confusing existing arrangement, which encourages visitors to stop first at the overflow parking area, believing it to be the main parking lot. This new section of the driveway will also do away with the view across a sea of cars, which currently confronts visitors as they approach the Pavilion. The realigned drive will have the same meandering, estate-like character as the existing, and all traffic on it will continue to be one-way, towards the Pavilion.

'"

--~

,

~.~ ~~~ -.- ,

The entrance drive widens as it approaches the Pavilion to create a distinct bus drop-off. Keeping the buses to the side of the drive will prevent them from obscuring the Pavilion entrance. The drop-off is further demarcated by a low seating wall where tour groups can wait.

After ticketing. cars will move directly to main visitor parking closest to Pavilion.

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan 7

Visitor Parking The plan reconfigures visitor parking into a series of lots laid out parallel to the contours, between the entrance and return drives. This arrangement will help visitors find parking as close to the building as possible, without having to undertake a long circuit of the site. The overall visual impact of the individual lots will

rfffff

~'~ l' ,,/.,,,, /" .,/ / ' 1/ ' 'i' /. ~~.!fI 'p,n ,/ / . . - .... .......,"'" " ...... ...,.

1"

/'

/

,;'

/.,, ~ â&#x20AC;˘ ~/ .

..

,

be diminished by transforming them into a series of stepped terraces, separated from each other by planted banks.

Terracing the lots into the hillside will allow intensive planting on the terrace slopes, creating the effect of a sequence of outdoor rooms in the landscape. The terraces offer opportunities for planting that the large parking area, which is sited on bedrock, cannot utilize.

Large rock outcrops can be used to break up the edges of the parking areas, further differentiating the Fallingwater parking from the typical institutional lot.

Detail plan and section shows series of stepped parking terraces.

Placement of terraces will allow

planting above existing bedrock.

Depth to bedrock may allow

subsurface stormwater storage

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

8

Visitor Parking

Redesigned visitor parking area with planted terraces and central pedestrian walkway. Pavement design could incorporate pattem similar to Fallingwater bridge.

Photographs of existing parking area show little planting. since surface of lot is sited close to bedrock.

Fall ingwater Landscape Master Plan

9

Overflow Parking The plan will clarify the present ambiguous overflow parking situation, and provide a safe pedestrian route to the Visitor Pavilion. Overflow parking will utilize the two terraces farthest from the Pavilion, which will be surfaced with gravel, or grass block pavers planted with meadow grass, to reflect their intermittent use. All four visitor parking terraces will be linked by the same central mlkway,leading&irectly to"'t he Visitor Pavilion. A fifth parking lot,

-

~

immediately to the west of the return -,:!rlve, will berused for staff and handicapped parking.

-,

-f':-. .

,..I'l._

_

,

râ&#x20AC;˘ â&#x20AC;˘

Overflow parking is designed to subtly blend into the forest with stabilized gravel surfacing. boulder edges. and framing with woodland vegetation .

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

10

Pedestrian Journey to Fallingwater Tourists departing the Pavilion enroute to Fallingwater meet their tour guides at the house for tours that are scheduled only minutes apart. It is important for timely operations that guests arrive at Fallingwater without distractions along the journey. The plan proposes several modifications to clarify this arrival sequence.

Upon leaving the Pavilion , visitors follow the existing boardwalk down the gravel driveway alongside Bear Run. At the foot of the boardwalk, a source of confusion arises: visitors are confronted by a service drive leading to the Gardener's Cottage, and the direction to Fallingwater is not clear. This will be resolved by reconfiguring the lower part of the boardwalk path slightly, and relocating the drive out of the visitors' immediate line of sight. The new drive will follow the edge of trees that currently frames the lawn area between the Cottage and the boardwalk, and connect to the main gravel driveway at a point above the Cottage, for

r;,,

~

service access.

,c'

tt

•

Pedestrian Journey

follow same path as present.

•

Pedestrian Trails

, .-

I~

:E!",c

- "- ---.':-= - -. -

~ fi:1d~~-·· q24i:~;:;- ~~ ... . '

Overall pedestrian circulation plan.

Walking route to Fallingwater will

- ,,,,

"Ii ~ ~~' . q- 'O'll.... ~-----~. ,.v~1 £~.

"9 ........ "WL~r ~. ~ ,,.

1~ ~

-

"..'

.....c;

.;..7ft

.

~

Fall ingwater Landscape Master Plan II

Pedestrian Journey to Pavilion The return route from Fallingwater to the Visitor Pavilion will be modified to allow people the time and space needed to absorb the Fallingwater experience. A boardwalk similar in character to that used for the journey to the house will zigzag back up the slope, providing visitors additional opportunities to see the house from above, framed by a stand of hemlock woodland. Using a bend in this boardwalk as a natural stopping point, an overlook will be created which is blended into the vegetation and rock slopes, to minimize its visibility from the house. This overlook will be smaller than the waterfall overlook, with room for only two or three adults at a single time.The new return path will end at the Visitor Pavilion, giving visitors an opportunity to visit the gift shop, before

Existing boardwalk fitted into rock illustrates design character of proposed return path.

returning to the parking lot.

View from proposed house overlook will give visitors an alternative to existing overlook.

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

12

Exit Drive The return drive has been redesigned to follow an alignment parallel to the entrance drive. The route will pass

f\. ~, \~'\~

through what is now the overflow lot. an open meadow

"

that will be replanted to forest. Although close at this point. the two drives will be heavily buffered from each other by new and existing trees and shrubs.

This realigned return drive makes it possible to create a new bus parking area to the west. which will reduce the impact of noise and fumes on Fallingwater and the Visitor Pavilion. The six bays of this new parking area will displace part of the existing visitor overflow lot and part of the existing lawn in front of the kitchen. which will remain in

,

use.

The bus parking area shown on the plan is under consideration and may be eliminated in favor of a parking area at the Bear Run Barn on route 381. It should be considered an option at this point.

Diagram shows proposed bus circulation. (exit drive

for cars on page 7)

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

13

Bus Parking A new bus parking area will completely replace all current bus parking adjacent to the Visitor Pavilion; buses will only approach the Pavilion to pick up and drop off passengers. Drivers will re main in communication with tour leaders and will return to pick up parties when notified from the Pavilion. A drivers' waiting room would be provided to allow them to leave the buses during the wait.

The design incorporates a shade structure, which would reduce the need for waiting buses to continually run their air conditioning. Buses will return to the Pavilion via the same crossover lane that allows articulated trucks access to the kitchen.

The central walkway through the parking lots extends along the edge of t he bus parking area and connects the Visitor Pavilion to the kitchen.

-.

Maintenance garage shown in photograph will be removed. Driveway will be exit route for proposed bus parking area. Buses will no longer park at Pavilion (photograph).

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

14

Visitor Pavilion

Currently, the Visitor Pavilion often reaches maximum capacity on busy days, due to the large numbers of people waiting for their allotted time-slot to visit Fallingwater. While new trails that increase opportunities to explore the site should alleviate some this congestion, the Pavilion urgently needs an increased amount of "holding space." The most logical location for this would be between the two wings of the Pavilion, which currently frame the outward path to Fallingwater. This area could be upgraded through the construction of a wooden deck area that can be furnished with tables and chairs. This deck would be of similar construction to the Pavilion, but unroofed; shade would be prOVided by trees growing through the deck at selected locations. This deck could also incorporate the universal access route to and from the Pavilion.

If it becomes clear that there is a permanent need for increased undercover visitor waiting areas, a more comprehensive reconstruction of the Visitor Pavilion will be needed. This will require some architectural redesign to provide increased undercover waiting areas and to integrate them better with expanded cafe and exhibit areas. If at all possible, this redesign should not increase the footprint of the building but instead try to make better use of the considerable area it already occupies. Th is will probably mean in-filling the space between its wings, which in turn will require changes to the building's roof structure, to admit sufficient quantities of natural light to the interior. The distinctive visual and spatial continuity between the current building and the forest would be best preserved on the east, west and - to a lesser extent - south sides i.e. where visitors currently enter and leave the Pavilion. The greatest potential for reconst ruction exists on the northern side of the Pavilion, where views towards the house are undesirable, and the decommissioning of the current sanitary system will free up space in both plan and section.

Visitor Pavilion - dashed outline shows location of unroofed cafe terrace.

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan IS

Event Lawn at Gardener's Cottage A service driveway divides the area between the gravel driveway and the Cottage at present. The plan proposes to relocate the service drive. which would free up a large space that could be maintained as lawn and used for summer concerts. membership events and the like. Use of this space away from the house would reduce the extent of wear and tear on Fallingwater.

A new meadow path will provide access to the Gardeners Cottage. and create a boundary to the events lawn. This path will extend the existing riverside path near the orchard. and will only be accessed by visitors after they have already visited the house. It will be hidden by new plantings to discou rage use by visitors proceeding on the main journey to the house for their timed tour.

Gardener's Cottage

(shown in photograph) will be locati on for

events lawn once ex isting service drive is relocated .

â&#x20AC;˘â&#x20AC;˘

,

Fallingwater landscape Master Plan 16

Site Trails In addition to the pedestrian journeys to and from Fallingwater, a series of new site trails are proposed that will take the visitor into the larger landscape and provide an extended experience of the setting which inspired Frank Lloyd Wright. These trails will disperse visitors throughout the site in a structured way after they have visited Fallingwater. It is hoped that this will provide a solution to the rogue trails caused by visitors wanting to see the house from every vantage, along with the concomitant landscape degradation that they cause. The trails and proposed small overlook should help relieve pressure on the Visitor Pavilion and existing overlook area.

The new trails will be developed in conjunction with the Conservancy's own stewardship of the larger property, and will provide expanded opportunities to interpret forest restoration programs and the history of the site before Fallingwater.

Detail plan of proposed site trails in vicinity of Bear Run below Fallingwater.

Three new trails are proposed. The Quarry Trail will connect the old quarry with Bear Run on the north side of the stream.

This trail would create a link with the Paradise Point trail , a short existing hike that leads to a Youghioheny River overlook. The Bear Run trail, along the south side of Bear Run , would begin near the present Falls Overlook and end about a quarter-mile below the house, where it could cross Bear Run and meet the trail from the quarry. A third trail, the Cliffside Walk, would begin at the new return boardwalk and travel above the present main path, winding down the slope to Bear Run a quarter-mile below Fallingwater.

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

17

Maintenance Complex at Route 381 A new maintenance complex will be created immediately north of route 381. It will replace the present maintenance garage and storage bins that will be removed from the

'-'.

visitor core area. This complex, consisting of new buildings, undercover vehicle storage, material storage & staging areas, hardstanding/truck turnaround and

\

staff parking for 20 cars, will be located on level terrain where the existing spruce plantation stands. A sixty-foot minimum vegetation buffer will screen the complex from the road and from the Bear Run barn.

Overall service circulation plan shOWing internal routes of maintenance, delivery and staff vehicles. Delivery vehicles to kitchen will use existing Fallingwater entrance; all others will use new maintenance entrance.

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

18

Service Facilities and Circulation Service Access

Staff Parking in Quarry

Access to the new complex will be provided by a new service entrance that has improved sightlines, and allows an easier flow of delivery and maintenance traffic through the complex The existing Tissue Lane entrance will permit articulated truck access to the new utility facilities. This will be a secondary entrance, and may be permanently gated once the maintenance complex and its service entrance are in place. A stream crossing will connect the two entrances and allow direct vehicular access from the maintenance/administration to the core via Tissue Lane. A pedestrian path linking the maintenance complex to the Bear Run barn on the south side of route 381 will cross the road at the apex of the curve, for maximum safety.

The existing staff parking lot behind the quarry will be formalized and reduced in size to provide space for about six staff and docent cars.

Additional plantings will be established to make the lot less visible to visitors on the Paradise Point trail.

Utiliry Facilities New utility facilities have been located in the pine plantation above Tissue Lane. These facilities, including a water supply tank and a wastewater treatment plant, will serve the entire Fallingwater property. Both will be accessed via a one-lane service road. A truck turnaround on Tissue Lane will be necessary to allow large trucks to turn in this restricted area. New utility lines, including water, recycled water, non-potable water, sanitary sewer, and fiber optic utilities will be constructed between the core landscape and the Tissue Lane area.

Service Connector Road A new service connector road from Shady Lane to Tissue Lane will link the core landscape to the utility area and maintenance complexes. The alignment of this road is designed to make the best use of a utility corridor that passes through the woods between Tissue Lane and the Gardener's Cottage. The road will allow staff and maintenance traffic to bypass the main entrance and ticketing lines en route to Fallingwater, the Guest House, and the Gardener's Cottage.

Detail of service circulation plan showing service connector road that will follow utilities corridor to Shady Lane.

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

19

Landscape Design Vocabulary Although Fallingwater was originally the summer home of Edgar Kaufmann. its primary significance today is as an iconic synthesiS of architecture and landscape that evokes a powerful spiritual connection to the natural world.

In order to reinforce this quality. all architectural elements and visitor support systems on the property need to be integrated into the natural setting in the same spirit as the house.

Fallingwater abounds with source examples for site design elements. such as walls that mimic the sandstone ledges. boulders that jut out into paving edges, and surface patterns for a featured walkway.

At least two architectural vocabularies already exist on the property: that of the house. which was constructed from concrete and stone in the 1930s. and that of the Visitor Pavilion. which was constructed primarily from timber in the 1960s.

Generally speaking. the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy favors new architectural interventions that are true to their own period to avoid confusion in the visitor's mind. On the other hand. care needs to be taken that the property does not over time become a collection of design experiments. Competing design ideas. a hodgepodge of architectural styles. and poorly designed interventions will all diminish visitor experience of Frank Lloyd Wright's masterpiece. which should be the central focus of the site. It is recommended that the WPAC set up a permanent architectural advisory committee. to review all proposed built interventions.

T he development of a consistent vocabulary for the circulation system will play an important role in creating a site-wide sense of integrity. This vocabulary will need to balance consistency and variability. One way of doing this would be to use a limited range of materials in a variety of ways to express the difference between vehicular and pedestrian circulation. distinguish primary pedestrian paths from secondary ones. and give visitors some sense of

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan 20

Landscape Design Vocabulary where they are on the site. Cues already exist in parts of the site (such as the small overflow parking lot) for an appropriate vocabulary for remaking this circulation system.

A similar approach might be adopted for the design of new architectural forms. These too can utilize a limited palette of materials, while remaining sensitive to their architectural and landscape context, and the particular practical situation they are addressing. The most commonly cited example of this is the boardwalk that connects the Visitor Pavilion to the Meadow. This extends the materials and structural system of the Pavilion out into the landscape, while employing its own tectonic expression. The new Administrative and Maintenance buildings will also need to follow this principle. Although removed from the core, they are relatively close to the rural route 381 and the Bear Run Barn Complex, and will be partially visible across the valley in winter.

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan 21

Costs & Phasing

Main Entrance Ticketing Area Entrance/Exit Drives & Visitor Parking Bus Parking & Service Area Visitor Pavilion Improvements Gardeners Cottage/Event Lawn Area Maintenance Complex Service Road Site Trails Forest Restoration

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

22

Summary of Costs Project Cost

Project Description

Main Entrance Ticketing Area Entrance!Exit Drives & Visitor Parking Bus Parking & Service Area Restoration Visitor Pavilion Improvements Gardeners CottageJEvent Lawn Area Maintenance Complex Service Connector Road

Site Trails Forest Restoration

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

Grand Tota Is $

143,720 54,940 674,450 474,375 24,550 86,120 1,099,100 110,942 202,650 512,500

$ $

$ $

17,246 6,594 80,934 56,925 2,946 10.334 131.892 13.313 24.318 61.500

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

182,524 69,775 856,552 602,456 31.179 109.372 1.395,857 140,896 257.366 650,875

$

406,003 $

4,296,852

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

21.558 8,241 101.168 71.156 3,683 12,918 164,865 16,641 30,398 76,875

$ $ $ $ $

3,383,347 $

507,502

$ $ $

$ $ $

$ $

$ $ $ $ $

189,825 $ 72,566 $ 890,814 $ 626,555 $ 32,426 $ 113,747 $ 1,451,691 $ 146,532 $ 267,660 $ 676,910 $

$ 4.468,726

197,418 75,468 926,446 651.617 33,723 118,297 1,509,759 152,393 278,367 703,986

Year 5 7/04-7/05

Year 4 7103-7/04

Year 3 7102-7103

Year 2 7/01-7/02

Year I 7100-7/01

Design Fees (12%)

Contingen9' (15%)

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

$ 4,647,475 $

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

213,528 81.627 1.002,044 704,789 36,474 127,950 1.632,955 164,829 301.081 761.432

4,833,374 $

5,026.709

205,315 78,487 963,504 677,681 35,072 123,029 1,570,149 158,489 289,501 732,146

$

Years 2-5 include a 4% escalation each year.

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan 23

Main Entrance Item Description

Unit $

250 25 450 335 30 100

Is Is sy ea sy sy If If Is Is ea ea ea ea ea

$ $

Site protection and mobilization

Dismantle and save existing gates Demolish existing road & regrade Remove existing trees & grub out Regrade/stabilize banks for new turn & deceleration lane New roadway (include new deceleration lane on route 381) New stone wall/entrance feature (including footings)

New stone retaining wall New sign age Reinstall existing gate

$ $ $

$ $ $

$ $ $

7.500 2.000 40.00 300.00 15.00 32.00 100.00 250.00 7.500 2.000

$ $

$ $

$ $ $ $ $ $

7.500 2.000 10.000 7.500 6.750 23.320 3.000 25.000 7.500 2.000

$

Planting: * Deciduous canopy trees (specimen)

" Coniferous

Item Cost

Unit Cost

Oly路

20 7 30 100 1500

canopy trees (specimen)

" Flowering understory trees

* Shrubs * GroundJayer (ferns/vines) Subtotal [$% Contingency 12% Design Fees

Total for Main Entrance

$ $ $

450.00 $ 450.00 $ 300.00 $ 30.00 $ 10.00 $

$ $ $

$

9.000 3.150 9.000 3.000 15.000 143,720 21.553 17.246 182,524

Fallingwater landscape Master Plan 24

Ticketing Area Item Description Site protection and mobilization Demolish existing road & regrade Remove existing trees & grub out roots

New stabilized aggregate roadway (include. crossover) Supply & grade topsoil for island and old booth location Granite cobble curb - island Relocate booth and construct addition Telephone/electronic lines to booth New signage Planting: * Deciduous canopy trees (specimen) , Coniferous canopy trees (specimen)

Unit

I 100 9 190

Is sy ea sy Is If sf Is Is

$ $

ea ea ea ea ea

$

140 60

8 3 12 17 200

* Flowering understolJl trees * Shrubs * Ground layer (ferns/perennials) Subtotal 15% Contingency 12% Design Fees Total for Ticketing Area

Item Cost

UnitCost

Qty.

$

$ $ $ $ $ $

$ $ $ $

2.000 40.00 300.00 32.00 250.00 25.00 100.00 15.000.00 3.500,00

$

$ $

$

$ $ $ $ $ $ 450.00 $

450.00 300.00 80.00 /0.00

$ $ $ $

$ $ $

$

2.000 4,000 2,700 6,080 250 3.500 6,000 15,000 3,500 3,600 1.350 3,600 1,360 2,000 54,940 8,241 6,594 69,775

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan 25

Entrance/Exit Drives & Visitor Parking Item Description

Site protection and mobilization Remove existing trees & grub out Protect & prune existing mature trees Excavate. demolish & remove existing stormwater system Demolish existing roads & parking lots & regrade ExcavateJblast rock. save selected pieces (uV fill & regrade to creat nev,r parking terraces Grade inter-terrace banks. including placing of saved rocks Crushed stone stormwater beds under parking lots Stormwater system (structures. pipes, filters, spreaders) Stabilized aggregate roadways. parking aisles & stalls Stabilized aggregate pedestrian walk (to exit roadw'!)' crossing) Stabilized aggregate walks to Visitor Pavilion Cobblestone bus standing lane Granite cobble curb -- drop-off/islands to parking lots Stone seating wall -- bus dropoff Stone retaining wall. handicapped/staff parking area Signage Planting: * Deciduous canopy trees (specimen) * Conjferous canopy trees (specimen) * Flowering understory trees * Shrubs * Ground layer (ferns/perennials); 1425SY

Unit

30 25

Is ea ea Is

600 80 2000 1425 1000

cy cy cy sy cy Is

$

7200 350 275 92 1285 100 75

sy sy sy sy

$

80 40 60 200 5250 Subtotal 15% Contingency

12% Design Fees

Total for New Entrance/Exit Drives & Visitor Parking

If If If Is

ea ea ea ea ea

Item Cost

Unit Cost

Q\y.

$

$ $

$ $ $ $ $ $

$ $ $ $

$ $

$ $ $

$ $

$

$

40.000 9,000 5,000 5,000 24,000 8,000 50.000 21,375 25,000 35,000 230,400 11,200 8,800 6,900 19,275 12,000 15,000 8,000

$ 450.00 $ 450.00 $ 300.00 $ 80.00 $ 10.00 $

36,000 18,000 18,000 16,000 52,500

40.000 300.00 200.00 5,000 40.00 100.00 25.00 15.00 25.00 35,000 32.00 32.00 32.00 75.00 15.00 120.00 200.00 8,000.00

$ $ $ $ $ $

$ $ $ $

$ $ $ $

$ $ $

$

674,450

$ $

101.168 80,934

$

856,552

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

26

Bus Parking & Service Area Restoration Item Description Site protection & mobilization Remove existing trees & grub out Protect & prune existing mature trees Demolish existing roads & parking lots & regrade Stormwater system (structures. pipes, filters, spreaders) Granite cobble curb --parking stalls! kitchen entrance/staff parking

Stabilized aggreÂŁate roadway & stalls Stabilized aggregate pedestrian walk (exit roadway - kitchen) Bus parking shade/trellis structure

Qty. 15 15 250 475 3500 500 6500

Is ea ea Cj

Is If sy sy sf

Is

Signage Planting to buffer roadway and shade trellis structure * Deciduous canopy trees {specimen} * Coniferous canopy trees (specimen) * Flowering understory trees * Shrubs (mountain laurel. rhododendron)

* Groundlayer (ferns/vines) Subtotal 15% Contingenry 12% Design Fees Total for Bus Parking & Service Area Restoration

50 25 25 150 1000

ea ea ca ea ea

Item Cost

Unit Cost

Unit $ $ $ $

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

$ $

25.000.00 300.00 200.00 40.00 15.000.00 15.00 32.00 32.00 35.00 1.000.00 450.00 450.00 300.00 80.00 10.00

$ $ $

$ $ $ $ $ $ $

$ $

25.000 4.500 3.000 10.000 15.000 7.125 112.000 16.000 227.500 1.000

$

22.500 11.250 7.500 12.000 10.000

$

474,375

$

71.156 56.925

$ $ $

$ $

602,456

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan 27

Visitor Pavilion Improvements Q)y.

Unit

380 200

sy sy

Woodland restoration: *" Deciduous canopy trees (specimen) .. Coniferous canopy trees (specimen)

24

*" Flowering understory trees * Shrubs .. Ground !ayer (ferns/perennials) .. Groundlayer mats

15 45 200 JOO

ca ca ea ca ca sy

Item Description Stabilized aggregate pedestrian walk New cafe seating area (wood deck. east side of Pavilion)

7

Subtotal 15% Contingency 12% Design Fees

Total for Visitor Pavilion Area Improvements

Item Cost

Unit Cost $

$ $ $ $

$ $ $

32.00 60.00

$

$ $ 450.00 $ 450.00 $ 300.00 $ 80.00 $ 10.00 $ 5.00 $

12.160 12.000 10.800 3.150 4.500 3.600 2.000 500

$

24,550

$ $

3.683 2.946

$

31,179

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan 28

Gardeners Cottage/Event Lawn Area Oly.

Item Description Site protection and mobilization

I 2500

Selective removal of existing trees and shrubs Minor regrading of lawn area Site boulders at lawn area Electrical upgrades, connections for lawn lighting Remove existing roadway/parking area & spread new topsoil

sy Is Is

New path New roadway -- stabilized aggregate Turf restoration

Allowance for cutting garden - bed preparation, plant materia! & mulch Planting to define event space * DeCiduous canopy trees (specimen)

* Deciduous canopy trees

Is Is

(woodland restoration)

* Coniferous canopy trees (specimen) "' Flowering understory trees "' Shrubs * Groundbyer at forest edge (ferns/perennials)

Subtotal J5% Contingcn9' 12% Design Fees

Total for Gardeners Cottage/Events Lawn Area

240 240 240 2500 250

sy sy sy sy

IS 25 3 19 34 800

ea ea ea ea ea ea

sf

Item Cost

Unit Cost

Unit $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

$ $ $

$ $ $

5.000 1.800 1.00 4.500 15.000 12.00 32.00 32.00 1.50 18.00

$

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

$ 450.00 $ 300.00 $ 450.00 $ 300.00 $ 45.00 $ 10.00 $

$ $ $

$

5.000 1.800 2.500 4.500 15.000 2.880 7.680 7.680 3.750 4.500 6.750 7.500

1.350 5.700 1.530 8.000 86,120 12.918 10.334 109,372

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan 29

Maintenance Complex Qly.

Item Description

Is

Site protection and mobilization

Clear and grub spruce plantation/woodland (chip. grub & remove stumps)

Allowance for tree salvage and replanting Earthwork and rough grading at complex New bridge New maintenance building

6260 25

2850 120

Bins/shelters for material storage Infrastructure (fire protection, water supply, electrical, sanita!)' service)

160 100

Timber screening (fences/trellis) Stabilized aggregate path to Route 381

$

$ $

Is Is Is Is Is If

I

Rebuilt farm gate at Tissue Lane entrance

sy

sy sy

4000 400

Stabilized aggregate paving for roadlturnarounctyard areas Stream bank regrading/stabilization Signage Striping, including pedestrian crossing at Bear Run Lighting Securlo/ gate at route 381 entrance

Stormwater system (structures. pipes. filters. spreaders) Planting allowance for built area Planting allowance for forest restoration at plantation road edge

$

ea Is Is sf If Is

Item Cost

Unit Cost

Unit

$

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

$ $

sy

$ $

Is Is Is

$ $ $

60.000 2.50 250.00 40.000 100.000 200.00 75.00 60.000 32.00 15.00 3.000 1.500 12.000 7.500 3.000 75.00 32.00 22.000 15.000 25.000

$ $ $

$ $ $ $ $

$ $

$ $ $ $

$ $ $ $ $ $

$

Subtotal !S% Design Contingency 12% Design Fees Total for Maintenance Complex

$ $

$

60.000 15.650 6.250 40.000 100.000 570.000 9.000 60.000 128.000 6.000 3.000 1.500 12.000 7.500 3.000 12.000 3.200 22.000 15.000 25.000 1,099,100 164.865 131.892 1,395,857

Option: Administration building within Maintenance Complex

2.500

New administration building 15% Design Contingency !2% Design Fees Total for Administration Building

sf

$

300.00

$ $ $

$

750,000 112.500 90.000 90,000

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

30

Service Connector Road Qty.

Item Description

Is

Site protection and mobilization Clear and grub. 25' swath (chip. grub & remove stumps) Grading of road verges, include. level spreaders New road. stabilized aggregate surface @ 650 LF (incl. cut & m!Jbaseitop course) Widen/resurface exist. road (to Shady Lane junction) with stabilized aggregate surface

2175 1200 1000 311 7.2 1500

Forest restoration within disturbed area, including 5 trees & 10 shrubs per 1000 sf Meadow restoration within disturbed area, including meadow plugs @J8" O.c. & mulch

Subtotal 15% Design Contingency

12% Design Fees Total for Service Connector Road

sy sy sy sy msf

sy

Item Cost

Unit Cost

Unit $ $ $ $

$ $ $

15.000 2.50 15.00 32.00 22.00 2.175 12.00

$ $ $ $ $

$ $

$ $ $

$

15.000 5.438 18.000 32.000 6.844 15.660 18.000 110,942 16.641 13.313 140,896

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

31

Site Trails & Forest Restoration Qty

Item Description

Item Cost

Unit Cost

Unit

Site Trails 60 J32 20 1.550 1.600 1.300 1.600

Rustic overlook near Visitor Pavilion Return boardwalk Small pedestrian bridge lI4 mile below falls at trail connection Cliffside Trail (4' wi stabilized aggregate. waterbars etc.)

Bear Run trail (constructed as above) Quarry trail (constructed as above) Upgrade trail to Paradise Point (constructed as above)

sJ sJ If If If If If

$ $ $ $ $ $ $

100.00 75.00 750.00 35.00 35.00 35.00 10.00

Subtotal [5% Contingency

12% Design Fees Total for Site Trails

$ $ $ $ $ $ $

6.000 9.900 15.000 54.250 56.000 45.500 16.000

$

202,650

$ $

30.398 24.318

$

257,366

NOTE: Not induded is the cost of siting and cOn5tructing a trail to the Youghiogheny River from trail connection pOint below Bear Run waterfall.

Qty.

Item Description

Item Cost

Unit Cost

Unit

Forest Restoration

200 1.000 4.000 5.000

Remove diseased/dying trees & shrubs T fees for reforestation

Shrubs. 10 per 1.000 sf Herbaceous plugs, 50 @ 100' o,c.

Subtotal 15% Contingency 12% Dcsign Fees

Total for Forest Restoration

ea ea ea ea

$

$ $ $

50.00 225.00 60.00 7.50

$ $

10.000 225.000 240.000 37.500

$ $

$

512,500

$ $

76.875 61.500

$

650,875

Fallingwater Landscape Master Plan

32