2019/20 DUNDEE ARCHITECTURE HONOURS YEAR BOOK

UNIVERSITY OF DUNDEE ARCHITECTURE 2019/20 | HONOURS COURSE BOOK

‘ O T H E R W I S E ’ S H A N G H A I I N V E R N E SS PA R I S V E R O N A D U N D E E

A RC H I T E C T U R E

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H O N O U R S

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OT H E RW I S E

Contents

Welcome

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Staff 4 Fields 6 Ambition 10 Lectures 12 Modules 16 Journal 34 Studios 36 Reading 44 Timetable 46

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Version: October 2019

C O U R S E

W E L C O M E

“ . . . the starting point of design is the proposition that things could be otherwise.”1 Harvard’s Professor of Urban Theory, Neil Brenner’s statement, made in the journal Fulcrum #65, effectively outlines the basis for criticality in design. To design a better future, we must inherently be critical of the present. In the same text, Brenner goes on to discuss the importance of space in this complexion, through citing Henri Lefebvre’s recognition that “unless you transform spatial organization, no revolution can ever be possible.” Architecture, and the spatial organisation of the built environment, clearly have a major role to play in finding and articulating an Otherwise.

Operating within the School of Social Sciences, architectural education at Dundee has the opportunity to celebrate our disciplinary role in advancing such social change, and ultimately achieving various forms of social justice. As Lefebvre said: “…new social relations call for a new space, and vice-versa.”2 In this way, Honours Year, the first year of your Part 2 programme, is devised to allow you to consider design projects as research into the field of the city and, thus, as part of the consideration of new social relations therein. Such research will be contained within the different disciplinary and thematic boundaries of six discreet urban studios, each relating to the city and the social field. Your work this year will set you on a path of critical thinking which we hope will crystallise into a robust individual thesis in the second year of your Part 2. Over the year, you will look intently at a city, considering its architectures not in isolation, but as a multiplicity that together forms the social field. It is within this field that your thinking will precipitate into socially transformative architectural design.

You will scrutinise your fields, understanding how they operate and how they are organised. You will expose and confront paradoxes, prejudices, inequalities and other issues that lie within them, asking important societal questions that can become hypothesised and eventually instantiated as new spatial propositions.

Through specially devised lecture courses you will develop understanding of sociospatial and sociotectonic theory and practice; environmental theory and design; and the regulatory and legislative landscape within which architecture of the city must operate. You will discover how critical questions in these areas can be formative in design, helping you construct project narratives, articulate design arguments and meaningfully situate your projects in a future we do not yet know.

Finally, in architecture schools, the question of real-worldliness often rears its head in various ways. As an Honours student, you are in a real world – your world is one of imagination, of pushing boundaries of knowledge, of contributing to intellectual discourse - you are now in a position to make a difference. To find an Otherwise.

Again, in the words of Brenner: “Young architects need to realise that this is a profession that has long contained untapped potential to promote radical forms of social change. Surely architects and designers can and must contribute to envisioning a very different form of the built environment, at every spatial scale, based on social needs, democratic empowerment and social justice rather than the unfettered rule of the commodity form.”3 Welcome to Honours. We wish you an exciting and fruitful journey.

Andy Stoane, Year Leader

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N. Brenner, Designing out of the Crisis, Fulcrum Issue 65, 2013: Neoliberalisation, London, Bedford Press, 2013.

H. Lefebvre, The Production of Space, Oxford, Blackwell, 1991, p59.

Brenner, Designing out of the Crisis.

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“. . . THE STARTING POINT OF DESIGN IS THE PROPOSITION THAT THINGS COULD BE OTHERWISE.” 3

S T A F F

C O U R S E

Andy Stoane, Year Leader / Module Leader / Studio Leader. Andy has continually reciprocated teaching, practice and research throughout his career. He has held positions in many UK universities, alongside directing his own eponymous practice and research studio in Edinburgh. His current research focuses on the disciplinary position of architecture in equitable mass housing provision. He joined Dundee in 2017.

Jane Burridge, Studio Leader. Jane is a practising Architect & has been a part-time Design tutor at Dundee since 2015. Jane leads a group focusing on the Complexities of the Modern Workplace. As a Practitioner, she seeks to align the project with Industry encouraging flexible & technologically advanced working environments.

Neil Verow, Studio Leader. Neil spent the last quarter of the twentieth century in private practice in Northern England where the pleasures of working with existing buildings and local communities were offset by the need to find 25 salaries each month.

The twenty-first century has been spent in Dundee sharing those experiences, and some new ones.

Cameron Wilson, Studio Leader. Cameron worked with private architectural practices in London and Edinburgh and with groups of artists and designers on exhibitions, community art projects and proposals for international architectural competitions, before joining University of Dundee in the late 1990s. He teaches across Parts 1 and 2 and is currently Head of Architecture and Urban Planning. He led on the creation of the joint programme with Wuhan University, and leads on Internationalisation responsibilities.

Joseph Thurrott, Studio Leader. Joseph is a chartered architect in the UK and has been practicing for over 25 years. In addition to working on projects in Canada and the UK, Joseph has taught at various schools of architecture and presently teaches at Dundee and Wuhan. His interest in the physics of low energy design led him to become a certified Passivhaus consultant in 2012.

Colin Baillie, Studio Leader. Since qualifying as an architect, Colin has rapidly developed a broad range of professional experience. Following a series of award-winning competition entries and private commissions, he co-founded the practice Baillie Baillile Architects. He has been a guest critic at a number of architecture schools, and has been a 4th year studio tutor at the University of Dundee since 2017.

Lorens Holm, Humanities Leader. Lorens is Reader in Architecture and Director of the Geddes Institute for Urban Research. He runs the Rooms+Cities design research unit, which uses architectural theory to open up a space for designing new forms of city and social life.

Jim Robertson, Technology Leader. Jim has over 20 years of experience in architectural design, practice and construction. He joined University of Dundee in 2006 and currently leads Year 4 and the subject area of technology at both undergraduate and postgraduate level.

Tamer Gado, Environment Leader.

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“YOUNG ARCHITECTS NEED TO REALISE THAT THIS IS A PROFESSION THAT HAS LONG CONTAINED UNTAPPED POTENTIAL TO PROMOTE RADICAL FORMS OF SOCIAL CHANGE. AS HENRI LEFEBVRE RECOGNIZED, UNLESS YOU TRANSFORM SPATIAL ORGANIZATION, NO REVOLUTION CAN EVER BE POSSIBLE . . . SURELY ARCHITECTS AND DESIGNERS CAN AND MUST CONTRIBUTE TO ENVISIONING A VERY DIFFERENT FORM OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT, AT EVERY SPATIAL SCALE, BASED ON SOCIAL NEEDS, DEMOCRATIC EMPOWERMENT AND SOCIAL JUSTICE RATHER THAN THE UNFETTERED RULE OF THE COMMODITY FORM.” N. Brenner, Designing out of the Crisis, Fulcrum Issue 65, 2013: Neoliberalisation, London, Bedford Press, 2013.

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F I E L D S

C O U R S E

We would like you to think about the city - not to just opportunistically operate within it, but to think about what it is, what is has been and, crucially, what it might be.

We will build on the understanding of cities as places of plurality - through architecture and its correlation with the urban social field - drawing on two key sources: 1. Political Theorist Hannah Arendt’s 1958 book The Human Condition, in which she discusses what she considers to be the loss of that social field - “the loss the world” - through our elimination of “the public sphere of action and speech,”1 and 2. Twentieth century philosopher Henri Lefebvre’s view of the possible transformation of society through the transformation of space.2 According to Arendt, the public sphere is contracted to two distinct but interrelated dimensions, the space of appearance and the common world. Both these dimensions are spatial - they involve an understanding of the city, and consequently its architecture, as a field of pluralistic human action. According to Lefebvre, the spatial re-organisation of such a field is an essential component in bringing about any form of social revolution.

The Political City: A Very Brief Overview Cities are remarkable places. They are now the dominant form of human habitat, and the human population continues to gravitate toward them and all they have to offer. 55% of us currently live in them, and this percentage continues to grow. It is predicted to rise to 68% by 2050. Megacities (greater than 10 million) have increased from 10 in 1990 to 33 today, and the number is predicted to rise to 43 by 2030. 3 What of their origin? According to Lefebvre, “Antiquity began with the city, while the Middle Ages (European, Western) began in the countryside.”4 The polis originated in the ancient Greek city-states, with Rome arguably representing the first Western apotheosis of urban life. Lefebvre reminds us that, etymologically, this polis is quite literally the field of politics - “Urban existence is conflated with political existence, as the word indicates.”5 To use the Arendtian term, the ancient city was quite literally the manifestation of its citizens’ “actions.”

“The town concentrates not only the populace but the instruments of production, capital, needs, pleasures.

That is why the advent of the town implies, at the same time, the necessity of administration, police, taxes etc., in short, of the municipality [des Gemeindewesens], and thus of politics in general.”6 The city as political entity lost its dominance through the feudalism of the Middle Ages, as land holding and serfdom shifted economic priorities to the country. “Feudal property is the result of a two-stage process: the breakdown of the Roman Empire . . . and the arrival of the barbarians.”7 After a thousand years, that power was gradually reclaimed through the emergence of capitalism, as industry began to replace agriculture economically, stripping the great feudal landowners of their grip on power. This new economic mode, and its politico-economic transformations, played out in new urban fields, operating on larger scales than ever before, and charged with new intensities: “Isn’t it obvious that the town is simultaneously the place, the instrument, the dramatic theatre of this gigantic metamorphosis?” 8

H. Arendt, The Human Condition, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1958.

Mainly from, H. Lefebvre, The Production of Space, Oxford, Blackwell, 1991.

Data from UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs.

4 H. Lefebvre, Marxist Thought and the City, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press. 2016, p29.

5 Ibid., p37.

6 Ibid. p37.

7 Ibid. p29.

8 Ibid. p22.

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“CITIES WERE THE FIRST FORM OF SOCIAL MEDIA. URBAN DENSITY MAXIMISES POSSIBLE SOCIAL CONNECTIONS. YOU WALK 100 METRES FROM HOME IN A VILLAGE, AND YOU SEE TWO COWS AND YOUR GRANDPARENTS. YOU WALK 100 METRES IN A CITY, AND YOU HAVE POTENTIAL INTERACTIONS WITH 1,000 PEOPLE.” B. Colomina and M. Wigley, Are We Human?, Zurich, Lars Muller Publishers, 2016..

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During the Industrial Revolution, this “dramatic theatre” brought massive urban population growth - London, for example, rose from 1 million in 1800 to almost 7 million in 1900. Yet, if the post-feudal industrial age brought us back an urban imperative, Hannah Arendt argues that the staggering and exponential growth of cities in the late-modern age, far from bringing back the forms of collective life and the action of the Greek Polis, has actually, quite conversely, succeeded in destroying notions of collectivity. She discusses the paradox of mass society’s increasing introspection, brought about by late-capitalism and its prioritisation of the individual over the collective. This, she tells us, destroys the space of appearance, and thus destroys the city as a political entity.

“What makes mass society so difficult to bear is not the number of people involved, . . . but the fact that the world between them has lost its power to gather them together.” 1 Sixty years on from Arendt’s book, with the extremity of the urban condition beyond her comprehension, Honours Year asks you to investigate, reflect on and represent in various ways, the implications of the modern world on city life - and therefore on social and political life. As cities continue to grow in population, size and importance, how can we speculate on futures for their staggering demographics? How can we find more equitable solutions for living in them? How can architecture mediate their rampant temporal cycles and patterns? What new future programmes might be needed and how might architecture respond?

The yield of your investigations will be played out over a spectrum of scales: from an urban-scale hypothesis on the city in semester 1 (the Totality), to detailed testing of that hypothesis through architectural-scale and tectonic-scale elaborations in semester 2 (the Fragments). Successful projects will demonstrate complete reciprocity between the two semesters and all the scales. Ideas articulated at the scale of detail must resonate with ideas articulated at the scale of architecture, the city, the world and beyond, and in doing so, must form part of the same critical argument.

“The architecture of the large city depends essentially on the solution given to two factors: the elementary cell of space and the urban organism as a whole.”2

London’s growth, 1840-1929

1 2

H. Arendt, The Human Condition, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1958.

L. Hilberseimer, Grossstadt Architektur, Stuttgart, Hoffman, 1927, p100.

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“WHAT MAKES MASS SOCIETY SO DIFFICULT TO BEAR IS NOT THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE INVOLVED . . . BUT THE FACT THAT THE WORLD BETWEEN THEM HAS LOST ITS POWER TO GATHER THEM TOGETHER.” 9

CO U R S E

A M BITIO N

The course will support you in developing and articulating your positions - textually, through robust scholarly research; graphically, through drawings; and visually, through developing artefacts, models and images. It will do this with an end-game of building an intellectual armature that will hold your propositional thinking for the year. It is important to understand that this armature will not be composed of ‘precedent’, but of a body of assembled intellectual discourse through which you will navigate, steering yourself toward the discovery of an architecture of Otherwise. The course aims to pull apart, analyse, re-assemble or assimilate - “to put on the couch” - established ideas, buildings, systems, forms and processes, all of which will form part of your intellectual canon. After all, how can we find the unprecedented - the Otherwise - by means of studying precedent?

You will be expected to engage with various methods of investigation and representation, devised to assist you in thinking about the city. Studio tutorials will help you unravel complexities, iterate through scales, and continually refine design work. The Humanities module will deliver an object-focussed way of working as well as supporting you in articulating your position textually with robust scholarly research. Six lecture courses will help you stitch together technical, spatial and environmental ideas with societal ideas. Together, these components will allow you to synthesise intellectually rigorous and technically sophisticated projects.

The pan-studio course will be structured around five symbiotic components: 1.

Empirical and theoretical research and analysis on the city.

2.

A critically positioned design project completed in three parts relating to three scales of thinking: a. A strategic city scale proposition. b. An architectural scale portion of the city scale proposition. c. A detailed tectonic elaboration of the architectural project.

3.

A series of artefacts, physical models and drawings which support your research and represent your

ambitions.

4.

Six lecture courses, devised to support your textual and studio-based activities. The lecture courses

are summarised on the following pages.

5.

The design, curation and production of an illustrated journal within which you will clearly demonstrate how your empirical and theoretical research yields an urban hypothesis, which itself is tested through a design project. The journal will serve as a summary, reflection on, and presentation of your whole year’s work.

Kenzo Tange and his plan for Tokyo Bay, 1960

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“DESIGN IS NEVER QUITE WHAT IT CLAIMS TO BE. FORTUNATELY. ITS ATTEMPTS TO SMOOTH OVER ALL THE WORRIES AND MINIMISE ANY FRICTION ALWAYS FAILS, IN THE SAME WAY THAT ALMOST EVERY MINUTE OF DAILY LIFE IS ORGANIZED

BY THE UNSUCCESSFUL ATTEMPT TO BURY THE UNCONSCIOUS. WE NEED TO PUT DESIGN ON THE COUCH.” B. Colomina and M. Wigley, Are We Human?, Zurich, Lars Muller Publishers, 2016..

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COU RSE

LECTURES

Reclaiming Tectonics: [Andy Stoane] Reclaiming Tectonics will discuss the relationship between society, technology and space. It intends to assist you in synthesising critical design positions with tectonic approaches. The lectures position technology relative to significant politico-economic events and ensuing societal attitudes, before introducing detailed explanations of structures, systems and techniques emerging from the specific periods.

The following lectures will be delivered (they may be subject to change).

1. THE TECTONIC QUESTION: An Introduction to Techno-cultural Thinking will explore the etymology of the word, its varied use and relevance within historical techno-cultural paradigms of architectural design.

Learning expectations and outputs will be discussed and example work cited.

2. INFRASTRUCTURE: and its Spatial Ramifications will look at the significance of infrastructure in mankind’s progression, from the infrastructure of transportation and the street to the infrastructural networks of information which preoccupy us today. It will then move on to look at specific infrastructural devices within architectural design and their spatial ramifications – corridors, stairs, ramps, elevators, escalators and paternosters.

3. COMPLEXIO OPPOSITORUM: Renaissance Humanism, Civic Life and Mathematics will look at the role of mathematics in the architecture of ancient civilisations, and its use in developing systems of spatio-technical order. It will analyse the classical age’s development of three structural innovations: the arch, the dome and the catenary, examining how they formed part of an attitude towards the symbolic representation of prevailing cultural ideas through the medium of architecture. Through examining specific examples in detail, the re-discovery of these ideas in Renaissance humanism will be covered, as will their translation into the modern age.

4. HIGHER, FASTER, FURTHER, FREER: The Architecture of Fordism will look at the twentieth century’s preoccupation with using industrial technique and method to alter established paradigms in spatial organisation. Detailed study will be made of the development of factory production, modulation, towers, large spans, trusses, vierendeels and cantilevers, all of which dealt with rapid population growth and urbanisation, and altered our prior imperative to occupy the ground.

5. KINETICS: Uncertain Times / Unsettled Architecture will look at architectural indeterminacy, and how the shift, around 1970, from the perceived certainties of a Fordist industrial economy into the uncertainties of a post peak-oil, post-Fordist service economy, led to a change from the idea of an effective, optimal architecture, into an architecture which aimed to be responsive, adaptable and anti-formalist. Detailed case studies of how this translated into ideas and realities of adaptable and kinetic architecture, both at the scale of building components and the scale of entire buildings, will be examined. Finally, it will examine new digital technologies and the possibility of self-adjusting and self-constructing architecture through robotics and biological control.

6. INDETERMINACY: McLuhan, Mass-media and Anticipating Change will continue the exploration of indeterminacy from lecture 5 into the urban scale, exploring architecture’s historical role as media and how the rise of mass-media has brought about a will for anticipating change in urban solutions such as metabolism, megastructure, and its contemporary variants.

7. APPEARANCES AND ESSENCES: The Individual and the Collective will examine the prevailing question of the dialogue between structure and skin in architectural design, drawing on Gottfried Semper’s nineteenth century writings on ‘revealing and concealing’ and making a comparative study framework through which to correlate architecture and fashion. Various architectural case studies illustrating multiple structure-toenvelope relationships will be discussed in detail and positioned relative to Semper’s thesis.

8. DIFFERENTIATION: Gymnastics, “Phoney disorder” and “Sublime uselessness” will examine the architecture of neoliberalism, looking at how market differentiation and positioning polarised the discipline into factions with different attitudes toward technology.

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Reclaiming Urbanism / Reclaiming Modernism: Architecture, Space, and the Spatial Subject [Lorens Holm] The aim of the lectures is to build before the eyes and ears of students a critical theoretical frame for thinking architecture. The lectures draw on two principle sources, ideas about space found in architecture and the arts, ideas about subjectivity in psychoanalysis and philosophy. Space because it is the central concern of architecture, psychoanalytic theory because it is the most extensive and systematic contemplation of the human subject, the subject of architecture. Each week we examine an architect whose work has made a contribution to modernism, either because s/he was a modernist (Le Corbusier, Mies), an historian of modernism (Giedion), or a post-modern critic of modernism (Hadid, Tschumi, Koolhaas, Archigram).

Although key concepts in psychoanalytic theory constitute the principle reference outside architecture – Freud’s development of the unconscious and Lacan’s critical re-reading of the Freudian unconscious as a form of social organisation – the lectures also draw on key concepts in philosophy, probably the most important of which is Hannah Arendt’s extended concept of the togetherness of people, but which will also include Hegel and the historical development of Spirit, Kant on the synthetic originality of space and time, Saussure and structuralist linguistics, Derrida and deconstruction. This is not the only theoretical frame for rethinking modernism, but it is a credible example of one. The students may adopt it in its present form, pick n’ mix it to fit their own position on architecture, or reject it altogether in favour of another one. The history of architecture is full of ruins. What the student is not allowed to do is walk away bereft of any frame.

Students, then, are introduced to critical thinking in architecture that is not confined to isolated blips, but constitutes a well-formed edifice. With a bit of lateral thinking on the part of the students, the lectures should assist them in preparation for both their DRU, the 4th year studio project, and their Masters level studies. With these lectures as examples, the students should be able to think their way through a selfdirected innovative design project or series of projects that can be synthesised as an architecture thesis.

Lectures will include discussions of: What architectural design research is, what creative practice-based research more generally is; elements of a research project including objects, aims, context, methods, questions; different forms of research, practice; How to develop your own research agenda that may – for instance – lead to a manifesto-like statement of intent (i.e., your critical reflection); How to develop and sustain your own discourse (your principle ideas, agendas, issues; above all your personal clichés, formal and aesthetic preferences, etc.); How site selection and brief writing (narrative) are elements of research; Case studies of creative practice research in architecture and/or the visual arts; Drawing as process; Writing and creative writing as part of the design process; What’s so stuffy about globalisation.

At the end of the lecture course, the students will be asked to attend an introduction to the 5th year M.Arch.

Thesis units and to select one that they think will be a good home for their interests.

The content from at least one, more, or all of each of the Reclaiming Tectonics, Reclaiming Urbanism, and Reclaiming Modernism lecture courses is expected to be reflected upon critically, elaborated on and/or contested intellectually , and assimilated into your design work. This must be discussed in the Journal and made clearly identifiable.

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Environment Lecture Course: [Tamer Gado] This lecture course will introduce you to urban environmental psychology, raising critical questions about the relationship between humans and their urban habitat, before moving on to unpick specific case study buildings in your field cities, exploring how their environmental thresholds mediate the urban environment and explaining the science of environmental comfort and sustainability.

Content tbc.

Urban Policy Lecture Course: [Dumiso Moyo] Content tbc.

Management Practice and Law: [Jamie Brown] Content and Coursework tbc.

Content of the Environment and Urban Policy courses is expected to be reflected upon critically, elaborated on and/or contested intellectually, and assimilated into your design work. This must be discussed in the Journal and made clearly identifiable. Management Practice and Law will be assessed through a ‘contract game’ and an examination.

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‘Buildings’ [Mixed presenters] This lecture course will examine six urban case study buildings, disarticulating their socio-political, urban, morphological, typological, formal, spatial and tectonic ideas and ramifications. Through this process of reverse-engineering, it is hoped you will further develop your understanding of the symbiosis of cross-scalar and cross-modal thinking in architectural design.

The following lectures will be delivered (they may be subject to change).

1. THE UNITÉ D’HABITATION, MARSEILLES: One month before he died, Le Corbusier stated “I have for 50 years been studying the chap known as ‘Man’ and his wife and kids. I have been inspired by one single preoccupation: to introduce into the home the sense of the sacred; to make the home the temple of the family”.

Described by Professor Jacques Sbriglio as “among the world’s greatest architectural works”, Le Corbusier’s Unité d’Habitation refuses to melt into history, its social innovation, architectonic substance and attitude toward mass housing and density being even more relevant today than it was upon completion in 1952. Andy Stoane will draw on thirty years of personal obsession with this building, attempting to unpick its enduring global importance.

2. CUMBERNAULD MEGASTRUCTURE: Around 70 miles from this school, lies a town, coveted in 1967 with an award from the American Institute of Architects, for the “most significant current contribution to the art and science of urban design in the western world”.

The town centre at Cumbernauld, built as part of the Scottish New Towns programme, contained shops, supermarkets, a bus station, multi-level parking, pubs, restaurants, community facilities, a library, a town hall, a nightclub, a bowling alley, duplex penthouse apartments....yet this civic programme was not laid out in a pattern of streets and blocks, but was contained within a colossal concrete frame, connected via ramps escalators, bridges, and a hierarchy of connecting infrastructures navigating its covered spaces, open spaces and terraces. The frame was indeterminate, open and accessible 24 hours, with multiple ways in and out.

Described by Rayner Banham as “…the most convincing paradigm we have of what an urban megastructure should be“, the town instantiated the urban concept of megastructure years before the projects of Kenzo Tange, Fumihiko Maki and Archigram, to whom it is often attributed.

Andy Stoane first visited the megastructure as an architecture student in the late 1980s and has continued to do so ever since. He will unravel, through a series of personal reflections, its social, political and architectural history - an often tragic tale of epic proportions, through which architecture’s continual struggle to reconcile ideas of vision with political conciliation are played out quite literally in concrete form.

3. LAFAYETTE PARK, DETROIT: Professor Graeme Hutton will discuss the planning and architecture of this seminal urban complex, completed in 1959 as a collaboration between Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig Hilberseimer and landscape designer Alfred Caldwell. A descriptor will be issued at a later date.

4. PAVILION DE L’ESPRIT NOUVEAU: Lorens Holm will discuss the enduring significance of this 1:1 model on modern architectural thinking on cities. A descriptor will be issued at a later date.

5. THE NEW ART GALLERY, WALSALL: Helen O’Connor will discuss the building’s material, spatial and structural language, which challenged the accepted architectural orthodoxies of its time. Made at the outset of Caruso St John’s careers in independent practice, and won in open competition - the new art gallery represented an opportunity to embody complex ideas in physical form – the result is an intricate composition of architectural references from a west-midlands leather factory, to the Palazzo Vecchio, to an Elizabethan country house, the whole underpinned by a reading of Adolf Loos, via the Smithsons and enriched by an appreciation of radical, contemporary art practice. It’s a building which revels in its messy, post-industrial landscape and creates a new recognisable civic form in dialogue with which the existing.

6. TBC

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C O U R S E

M O D U L E S

Module AR41001 Urban Theory, Analysis and Strategy Semester 1 Module Leader: Andy Stoane Through a combination of theoretical investigation, empirical survey, mapping and case study analysis, you will build up a picture of various phenomena affecting cities and their social fields. By operating across disciplinary boundaries and gradually bringing analytical methods and operational scales together, you will be able to consider different methods of engagement with the fabric of your city, in accordance with your emerging interests and preoccupations. Through such analysis, you will slowly but surely glean critical intelligence which can be used to make realistic hypotheses built on intellectually rigorous speculations on futures for your chosen environments.

Stage 1: Research: The Urban Social Field and its Contexts. Weeks 1,2,3.

This is the start of your research. You will read, question, investigate, collect, discuss, debate, test, write, draw and model.

The operational studio work in this stage will be contained within the defined research contexts of your studio. These should be brought into focus through theoretical texts and case studies, upon which you should always reflect and expand. Through expansive reading and discussion with your tutor, you will begin to formulate critical views on these questions, how they play out in the urban field, and the position of the discipline of architecture within it. This is your opportunity to gather as much relevant information as possible and to distil a set of questions to ask of the field you will discover on your field trip(s).

What are the current cycles and systems of growth within your city. How are these informed by historical models, and what are the possible future trajectories?

Outputs: You will present a body of research (graphically) which will have yielded a set of clear questions to ask of your urban field.

The stage will conclude with Review 1.

Chora / Raoul Bunchonten, A Dynamic Masterplan for the City of Berlin

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“SPACE IS SOCIAL MORPHOLOGY: IT IS TO LIVED EXPERIENCE WHAT FORM ITSELF IS TO THE LIVING ORGANISM, AND JUST AS INTIMATELY BOUND UP WITH FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE” H. Lefebvre, The Production of Space, Oxford, Basil Blackwell Ltd, 1991, p94.

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Stage 2: Field Work / Discovering Operational Sites. Weeks 4,5,6.

During your field trip, you will visit and comprehensively study both the totality of the city and fragments of it as defined by your tutor. You will attempt to understand history, morphology, and social operations. Your tutor may also define, and ask you to analyse, key architectures which exist as part of the urban complexions you are discovering. It should be stressed that this should not be a subjective account, nor a historical overview, but a detailed analysis of how the architecture operates spatially and tectonically relative to its place in the social operations of the city.

You will begin to develop design hypotheses at the scale of the city. These will be built on (and will involve a presentation of): a.

Your research from stage 1. b.

Detailed desktop and field analysis (theoretical and empirical). c.

Study of historic type and morphology. d.

Study of the morphological, typological and social resonances between the issues discovered and the

urban field.

By the end of the field trips, you will present all your research, and its impact on cities, now tested in a real field. You will present your views on issues and challenges, critiques of current development scenarios, and you will begin to hypothesise on futures. You must use the opportunity of being in the field to gather all the information you are likely to need to develop design projects which will test the hypotheses.

Outputs: Theoretical and empirical research information from stages 1 and 2. City-scale drawings; city-scale models (inc large sectional models showing urban relationships and disparities); Graphical, modeled and textual information which reflects and builds on an analysis of all your synthesised research and field work; Information on how you propose to analyse the work further through a transect in stage 3; Draft Journal, which begins to reflect on and curate all your group work.

ESALA M.Arch 2018, examples of analytical model.

Island Territories V: Havana, Re-Making Islands, Dismantling Insularity. [Adrian Hawker and Victoria Clare Bernie] Scoring the Malecรณn, Sheryl Lam, Ezmira Peraj, Alecsandra Trofin, Leo Xian.

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Hypothesising on an urban future of uncontrolled growth of cities: Mélun Senart New Town Competition, OMA, 1987.

A series of carefully orchestrated voids, from which the “average-contemporary-everyday ugliness of current European-American-Japanese architecture” is banished, ‘irrigate the city with potentials’ to stimulate different programmes and patterns of growth.

See: Surrender, Ville Nouvelle Mélun-Senart, France, 1987 – in R. Koolhaas and B. Mau, SMLXL, Rotterdam, 010, Publishers, 1995, p972.

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Stage 3: Constructing the Hypothesis [Transect] Weeks 7, 8, 9, 10.

You will now make detailed spatial propositions at city scale (Recommended scale 1:1250 - 1:500 maximum).

All your strategic work from stages 1 and 2 will now be hypothesised through real sites in your urban field.

You will hopefully have built up a good understanding of the losses and gains in the cycles of change occurring across your city. You will hopefully understand the history, morphology, and social operations of specific territories, including key architectures forming part of the urban complexions. You will have developed operational strategies for engagement and intervention and, when on your field trip, you will have found sites for activating them. You will now action different methods of engagement in the city and its cycles, processes and social operations.

To do this you will focus your enquiry in two ways: 1. Use all your gathered intelligence to hypothesise on a future for your city (an Otherwise). What is happening to it? What are its processes of change and how will you intervene? This must be presented as a set of drawings and models which can be understood spatially and temporally.

2. Take a transect through your city. The transect is a line which cuts through your area(s) of activation, along with other contiguous areas of the city, allowing you to focus on occurrences and relationships along its path. You will work with your tutor on deciding the best position, geometry and length of the transect.

The transect may be an orthogonal line which samples everything in its path, or it may follow the logic of some established (or proposed) morphological and topographical feature. It may also be vertical if appropriate. Its presentation should not be a single drawing or model, but a series of investigatory pieces of work, using the transect as an analytical method.

Right and below: City-scale thinking, through models and drawings of a transect. Cube: Wang Lei, Qiaoyi Wu, Chao Wei, Changda Guo, Shuo Cheng, Jinghui Chen Photo: Neil Verow.

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The transect should sample the pluralism of the city, cutting through different architecture, spaces and programmes. Your enquiries are very likely to lead you to stray from the line, however, remote pieces must always connect morphologically back to the line, which will be a constant reference in your work. Its presentation should clearly demonstrate through models, drawings and other means, your analysis of the city and how you propose to connect to it and/or intervene in it.

Linear studies: Right:: Nolli v Piranese, Bryan Maddock. https://thecitythecitythecity.tumblr.com/ post/67554157062/nolli-vs-piranesi-bryanmaddock; Far right: from Venturi and Scott-Brown, Learning from Las Vegas.

Outputs: Edited research and analysis information from stages 1 and 2.

City-scale drawings; city-scale models (inc large sectional models showing relationships and disparities); Detailed graphical and modelled information showing the location and logic of the transect.

Detailed graphical and modelled representations of the transect itself, showing your analysis of the city and how group members propose to intervene.

A clear graphical and textual account of your urban hypothesis or hypotheses.

Draft Journal (containing final group stage work)

ESALA M.Arch 2018, photos of student degree show models.

Para-Situation [Calcutta / Kolkata]. Tutor: Dorian Wiszniewski.

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ESALA M.Arch 2018, photos of student degree show models.

Island Territories V: Havana, Re-Making Islands, Dismantling Insularity. Tutors: Adrian Hawker and Victoria Clare Bernie.

Stage 4: Testing the Hypothesis [Moving Toward the Architectural Scale].

Weeks 10, 11, 12, 13, (14) [+ semester 2 Integrated Design] This stage is the first step toward developing detailed spatial propositions at architecture-scale.

(Recommended 1:500 - 1:200 max) Building on previous stages, you will begin to make detailed elaboration of a portion of the city-scale proposition. This scale should demonstrate understanding of how daily life might operate in and around your propositions, making a clear argument for reciprocities between architectural space, form and social organisation.

Through your transect, you have already effectively examined a longitudinal section of the city. Now you will cut transverse sections through the transect at key points, devised to show how daily life is mediated through its thickness. You will explore this through the perspectival section. Notable references for these type of drawings are Paul Rudolph’s examples from the late 20th Century, and Atelier BowWow’s contemporary examples.

Below left: Leonardo da Vinci, principal Organs of a Woman. Below right: Paul Rudolph,Yale Art and Architecture Building; Bottom: Barbican, Chamberlain, Powell and Bon,.

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Atelier BowWow tell us their version of these drawings are inspired by Leonardo’s drawings of dissections, drawn to assist his understanding of the internal structure of the human body and its relationship to human form. They also reference one of Year 4’s key philosophical protagonists, Henri Lefebvre, who talks of the space of representation and the space of occupation. BowWow explain that the perspectival section can be used to communicate form, structure, organisation and technical information, but also the temporal orders of everyday life. In this way we ask that your perspectival sections are simultaneously technical, anatomical, temporal and social.

Outputs: Edited research and analysis information from stages 1 and 2.

Edited transect and hypothesis information from stage 3.

Perspectival section(s) showing tectonic, spatial and social information.

Other graphical and modelled information capable of demonstrating very clearly the lineage of the project and how you are testing the hypothesis through architectural design, A final presentation-standard carefully curated exhibition.

Final Journal Volume 1 (excerpts to be used in exhibition) The stage will conclude with the Final Review and Exhibition.

Above: Paul Rudolph’s urban perspectival sections https://www.designboom.com/architecture/paul-rudolph-unbuilt-

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Organisation, Assessment and Learning Outcomes

Credits: 30 credits - 25% 30 credits - 25% 60 credits - 50%

STUDIO B

Urban Theory, Analysis and Strategy Humanities Integrated Design

The Academic proportion of Year 4 work allocated toward final degree classification can be found in the Course Handbook.

O

- Assessment type: 100% coursework.

- Students must submit and attend all assessments to pass the module.

- All components and outcomes must be passed in order to pass the module.

U

STUDIO C

C

Assessment:

CONCLUSION & COMMUNICATION EXHIBITION & JOURNAL

GROUP

TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS TECTONIC SCALE / SUB-FRAGMENTS

GROUP

TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS ARCHITERCTURE SCALE / FRAGMENTS

CONSTRUCTION OF HYPOTHESIS URBAN SCALE / TOTALITY

GROUP

CONCLUSION & COMMUNICATION EXHIBITION & JOURNAL

EMPIRICAL RESEARCH & ANALYSIS QUESTIONS NUANCED BY FIELD

QUESTIONS STUDIO RESEARCH STUDIO A

The course provides a pedagogical umbrella over the year, while individual studios provide disciplinary and thematic focuses. The first two (research) stages will be carried out in groups, whereas the stages thereafter will likely develop into individual work. However, the option of small groups or pairings is maintained across the whole year.

While the work stages can be identified separately in terms of learning outcomes and assessment, it is important to remember that successful projects are expected to synthesise the entire year’s work, without losing sight of any of the operational scales or modes.

PEDAGOGICAL FRAME ‘OTHERWISE’

The infographic opposite illustrates the staging, structure and split between this module and the subsequent semester 2 studio module which follows on from it.

THEORETICAL RESEARCH & ANALYSIS QUESTIONS NUANCED BY THEORY

Summary of Stages and Organisation

INDIVIDUAL

INDIVIDUAL

INDIVIDUAL

INDIVIDUAL

GROUP

GROUP

R E

60% on the group work completed at the end of stage 3: Constructing the Hypothesis [Transect].

This work will be assessed through both the exhibition in week 13 (Final Review week) and the work curated in the Journal (Volume 1). Your ability to use both media effectively will be part of the assessment.

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STUDIO F

The Journal is an individually produced document, however, the group work up to stage 3 must be incorporated within it. You must clearly demonstrate how the stage 4 work is set up to test the urban hypothesis from stage 3.

The content from at least one, more, or all of each of the Reclaiming Tectonics and Reclaiming Urbanism lectures must be reflected upon critically, elaborated on and/or contested intellectually, and assimilated into your stage 3 hypothesis. This must be discussed in the Journal and made clearly identifiable. It must then be expanded upon in stage 4. Similarly, propositions are expected to build on and integrate content of the Environment and Urban Policy lecture courses.

STUDIO E

40% on the individual work completed at the end of stage 4: Testing the Hypothesis [Architectural Scale].

STUDIO D

S

Work will be assessed as follows:

GROUP

GROUP

GROUP

SEMESTER 1 SEMESTER 2

Aims and Learning Outcomes 1.4 Aims

• • • •

1.5 Indicative content

To introduce students to urban theories, their relationship to and potential application in the development of urban strategy.

Developing understanding of the historical, political, social, economic and physical context of the city, the relationships between people and buildings, buildings and the environment.

To develop students critical understanding of the structure, purpose and role of planning in the development process.

To facilitate and encourage skills in development and communication of creative strategies for urban design, how to identify key problems/issues and propose responses which address the city context at macro, intermediate and detail scales.

A key part of the study of cities is the understanding of the theories that seek to explain the process of urban areas including those that deal with the spatial consequences of new forms of development. This module explores the ideas of important urban thinkers and related theories to uncover a range of diagnoses for urban problems which have been offered in the literature, both historic and contemporary examples. The emphasis is both in the analytical power of these theories and their policy, planning and architectural implications. The module also examines the institutional structures and practices which are used in planning and managing cities and how these interventions impact on the fortunes of urban areas.

Students study an existing city enclave within its wider context (physical, historical, economic, political) and generate strategic proposals.

1.6 Intended learning outcomes (ILOs)

Specifically, these outcomes will be assessed through work from the various stages as follows:

•

•

•

•

1.7 Assessment strategy

A knowledge and critical understanding of urban theory and its relationship to contemporary urban design, planning and management An understanding of the impact of historical development, the physical, economic, social, political and cultural context on the shape of the contemporary city An understanding of planning and development management structures and legislation, and the relevance of these to urban development.

An ability to develop and communicate appropriate strategic responses to the problems of city enclaves and urban spaces: emphasising the relationship between people and place, and between buildings and the wider environment.

Project Stage 1. Demonstration of: - The ability to source, analyse and present recognised urban theory.

Project Stage 2. Demonstration of: - The ability to synthesise the theory with empirical research and analysis, including from fieldwork.

Project Stage3. Demonstration of: - The ability to construct a robust, intellectually rigorous, properly referenced urban hypothesis, developed through a ‘sampling transect’ of the city.

Project Stage 4. Demonstration of: - The ability to develop and communicate a clear propositional strategy which will test the hypothesis.

- The ability to use the perspictival section, physical modelling and other methods as generative design tools.

- The originality and rigour of the urban hypothesis and propositional strategy.

- The ability to use the strategy to effectively frame an architectural project which tests the urban hypothesis.

General. Demonstration of: - The ability to critically engage with, discuss, elaborate, and assimilate into design, information drawn from the lecture courses.

- Effective, well edited and skilfully executed graphical, textual and artefact-orientated communication on all of the above.

- The ability to effectively edit and curate the work into the Journal and Exhibition.

The students generate strategic proposals for intervention which build on an understanding of

urban theory and practice (group report/exhibition).

For assessment scales, see: https://www.dundee.ac.uk/registry/exams/assessmentscales/

Quality and Academic Standards Office, Sept 2016 25

C O U R S E

M O D U L E S

Module AR40007: Integrated Design Semester 2 Module Leader: Andy Stoane Stage 5: Testing the Hypothesis [Architectural Scale] Weeks 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 Operating within the intellectual armature you have developed through semester 1, you will now increase resolution, directly engaging the architectural and tectonic scales.

This stage continues your work from semester 1 in developing detailed spatial propositions. It will make detailed elaboration of a fragment of your city-scale transect. You will draw and model the fragment in detail and will simultaneously continue to develop your perspectival section(s) as a key drawing.

Everything you do will be contextualised within the socio-urban ambition of your work. Successful schemes will always demonstrate complete reciprocity between the different scales of the semesters. You must begin to understand how a single drawn line in the city can be charged with socio-spatial content, but when scaled up, that same line contains multiple layers of tectonic information which serve to not only mediate that sociospatial content in the best way, but also to instantiate architectural form.

How can your work at the scale of architectural space, form and tectonics resonate with your work at the scale of the city and beyond? How can all this work form a consistent and robust design argument? How can it constitute an Otherwise?

In asking these questions you must simultaneously operate at all scales - never losing sight of the city, your hypothesis, and the intellectual armature you have set up to hold your design - even when operating at the scale of nuts and bolts. In this way, you will create a piece of architecture that has a cosmogonic place in the city, derived from a detailed understanding of the place and time of its human collective life.

Models from Morphosis: Illustrating a possible chunk and the sectional exploration of that chunk.

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Outputs: Edited information from stages 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Completed perspectival sections showing tectonic, spatial and social information.

Other graphical and modelled information – city-scale, community-scale and architectural-scale.

Draft Journal.

Detailed graphical and modelled information of architectural-scale fragment, contextualised within escalating scales of complete project enquiry: Research (theoretical) Research (empirical) Analysis Transect Hypothesis

Right: Vertical chunk of city: ESALA M.Arch 2018.

Island Territories V: Havana, Re-Making Islands, Dismantling Insularity. [Adrian Hawker and Victoria Clare Bernie] The Tower of Decanted Citizens and the office of the City Historian, Alex Faulkner.

Below: Horizontal chunk of city: Building Tomorrow Exhibition. https://archinect.com/news/article/97199699

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In Walter Benjamin’s words, you will aim to: “build up large constructions out of the smallest, precisely fashioned structural elements . . . to detect the crystal of the total event in the analysis of the small, individual moment.”

Cited in, G. Hartoonian, Crisis of the Object: The Architectural of Theatricality, Abingdon, Routledge, 2006, p8.

Sectional / tectonic architecture-scale models: Top: ESALA M.Arch 2018, photos of student degree show models.

The Revanchist City and the Urbanisation of Suburbia [Tutors: Tahl Kaminer and Alex MacLaren].

Middle: Grafton Architects Bottom: Right: Jae Kim, Gallery of Form of Public Control.

Left: Solano Benitez, Edificio Alambra

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Stage 6: Testing the Hypothesis [Tectonic Scale] Weeks 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.

In this stage you will further develop sectional modelled and drawn information, through a series of sectional pieces elaborating structural and tectonic ideas.

The pieces should be drawn and modelled as abstracted representations of conditions that may be encountered in the city – technical pieces, but also beautiful artefacts, removed from the city and used to explore the tectonics of space and social life.

Outputs: Large scale tectonic drawings and sectional models.

Final Journal.

These stages will conclude with the Final Review and Exhibition.

Top + middle: Locust Harvesting Chamber, Ehren Trzebiatowski. https://conceptmodel.tumblr.com/post/96479325840/locustharvesting-chambers-section Bottom: Unknown

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Learning Outcomes and Assessment Information

Summary of Stages and Organisation

Urban Theory, Analysis and Strategy Humanities Integrated Design

30 credits - 25% 30 credits - 25% 60 credits - 50%

STUDIO B

The Academic proportion of Year 4 work allocated toward final degree classification can be found in the Course Handbook.

Assessment:

O U

TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS TECTONIC SCALE / SUB-FRAGMENTS

CONCLUSION & COMMUNICATION EXHIBITION & JOURNAL

GROUP

TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS ARCHITERCTURE SCALE / FRAGMENTS

CONSTRUCTION OF HYPOTHESIS URBAN SCALE / TOTALITY

GROUP

CONCLUSION & COMMUNICATION EXHIBITION & JOURNAL

EMPIRICAL RESEARCH & ANALYSIS QUESTIONS NUANCED BY FIELD

GROUP

INDIVIDUAL

INDIVIDUAL

INDIVIDUAL

INDIVIDUAL

GROUP

GROUP

R

Work will be assessed as follows:

STUDIO C

C

- Assessment type: 100% coursework.

- Students must submit and attend all assessments to pass the module.

- All components and outcomes must be passed in order to pass the module.

THEORETICAL RESEARCH & ANALYSIS QUESTIONS NUANCED BY THEORY

STUDIO A

Credits:

QUESTIONS STUDIO RESEARCH

The course provides a pedagogical umbrella over the year, while individual studios provide disciplinary and thematic focuses. The first two (research) stages will be carried out in groups, whereas the stages thereafter will likely develop into individual work. However, the option of small groups or pairings is maintained across the whole year.

While the work stages can be identified separately in terms of learning outcomes and assessment, it is important to remember that successful projects are expected to synthesise the entire year’s work, without losing sight of any of the operational scales or modes.

PEDAGOGICAL FRAME ‘OTHERWISE’

The infographic opposite illustrates the staging, structure and split between this module and the preceding semester 1 studio module which follows on from it.

30

STUDIO F

Similarly, propositions are expected to build on and integrate content of the Environment and Urban Policy lecture courses.

STUDIO E

The content from at least one, more, or all of each of the Reclaiming Tectonics and Reclaiming Modernsim lectures must be reflected upon critically, elaborated on and/or contested intellectually, and assimilated into your proposition.

This must be discussed in the Journal and made clearly identifiable. It must then be expanded upon in stage 4.

STUDIO D

This work will be assessed through both the exhibition in week 27 (Final Review week) and the work curated in the Journal (Volume 2) Your ability to use both media effectively will be part of the assessment.

E

15% on Management Practice and Law written examination and contract game.

S

85% on the individual project work completed at the end of Stage 6: Testing the Hypothesis [Tectonic Scale].

GROUP

GROUP

GROUP

SEMESTER 1 SEMESTER 2

Aims and Learning Outcomes

1.4 Aims

•

To provide an opportunity for students to develop a comprehensive and integrated building design proposition, from strategic ideas to technical resolution, which responds and contributes to a complex urban context.

To underline the integrated nature of the ‘technical’ in design To develop students’ understanding of the professional and legislative context within which architecture is practised.

• • 1.5 Indicative content

Students will work within self-selecting studio design units to develop a fully resolved, integrated architectural design project; taking ideas through from the strategic to technical and programmatic resolution.

Design tutorials and seminars will be supported by a series of technical and professional workshop exercises which develop students’ knowledge and understanding in these areas and aid them in applying this to their studio work. Studio work will be supported by case-study lectures which examine specific examples, highlighting the contextual, programmatic, technical and contractual issues which condition the development of buildings.

In parallel a series of management, practice and law lectures and studio exercises develop students’ knowledge and understanding of the professional and legislative context of architecture

1.6 Intended learning outcomes (ILOs)

Specifically, these outcomes will be assessed through work from the various stages as follows:

•

•

•

•

•

•

An ability to: generate, apply and communicate a conceptual approach and appropriate architectural strategies based on understanding and analysis An ability to: analyse and creatively resolve complex architectural programmes through a coherent process of research, speculation and critical evaluation considering the needs and aspirations of clients, building users, wider society.

An ability to: make comprehensive and considered design proposals which respond to the urban context An ability to: identify research and critically evaluate alternative technological strategies to enable the sustainable and appropriate integration of structure, environment, services, appropriate legislation, materials and construction, within a coherent and well-resolved design proposal.

An understanding of: the architect’s role in the processes of procurement, cost control, construction and health and safety legislation, relevant building production and professional practice.

An understanding of the nature of professionalism and the duties and responsibilities of architects.

Project Stage5. Demonstration of: - The ability to drawn on of all your urban-scale work from stages 1 to 4 (or the work of others if this module is undertaken autonomously) and to use it to test your urban hypothesis through appropriately selected architectural fragment(s) which are able to illuminate aspects of socio-urban and socio-spatial thinking.

- The ability to put together and nuance an architectural programme which appropriately and intelligently resonates with that hypothesis.

- The ability to understand and respond to the various contexts (social, political, temporal, morphological, typological, technical ...) within which your architectural programme operates.

Project Stage 6. Demonstration of: - The ability to intelligently further fragment propositions, to engage a higher resolution of design, and to understand how this scale resonates with all the others previous.

Management Practice and Law: The content of the MP&L coursework will be assessed through the Contract Game and Examination.

General. Demonstration of: - The ability to critically engage with, discuss, elaborate, and assimilate into design, information drawn from the lecture courses and elsewhere, in areas of socio-tectonic and socio-spatial thinking, theory, environment, structure, materials, services, legislation, management, law and practice.

- Effective, well edited and skilfully executed graphical, textual and artefact-orientated communication of all of the above. Including diagrams, orthographic drawings, perspectival sections, models, artefacts and 3d work.

- The ability to effectively edit and curate the work into the Journal and Exhibition.

For assessment scales, see: https://www.dundee.ac.uk/registry/exams/assessmentscales/ Quality and Academic Standards Office, Sept 2016 31

C O U R S E

M O D U L E S

Module AR40003 Design Research Semester 1 Module Leader: Lorens Holm

Please note that the module guidance for this module will be issued separately.

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C O U R S E

J O U R N A L

The Journal is a vital piece of work, for both skill development and assessment.

As implied in the name, it should be a continual reflection on your intellectual activities. However, it differs from some conventional journals in that it must eventually be concretised and presented as a conclusive, beautifully curated piece. It will contain a mix of research, survey, manifesto, hypothesis, and design information, all of which will continually evolve through the process of assembling it. In this way, it will simultaneously serve as a generative and representative medium.

You will be required to submit journal drafts at various points through the semester. While these are punctuated moments of completion, the journal should be treated as an ongoing exercise in collecting, editing, and curating your work.

Alongside your exhibitions, the journal will be used as a vital part of the assessment of your coursework.

Effectively curated, it will allow examiners to see how the various pedagogical components of the course have been reflected on intellectually, elaborated, contested, subverted, or combined, and how the learning from them has been integrated into your design projects. It is therefore essential that the journal identifies and discusses what you have learned from all the course material, and that it is able to clearly demonstrate, through sophisticated editing and curation, your intellectual journey through the whole year.

The journal will exist as a two volume set. It must contain at least 3000 words. It must be thoroughly considered editorially and graphically. It must be professionally bound and must have consistent size, format, binding and graphical language across both volumes. Its size and style are your decisions, but please consider very carefully how size and style affect communication. Remember, the journal and the pin-up exhibition are very different forms of media. The journal is sequential and narrative-driven, while the exhibition is immediate and impactful. You should embrace the communicative opportunities available within each.

The journal should be fully edited and re-curated conclusively at two key points: 1. At the end of semester 1 (submission of Volume 1 in week 13).

This volume will include sections on: Questions [your elaboration of the key studio questions].

Theoretical Research and Analysis [how these questions are nuanced by theory] Empirical Research and Analysis [how these questions are nuanced by field(s)] Construction of the Urban Hypothesis [your thesis on urban totality] Testing the Hypothesis [the logics for selection of fragments to test the urban hypothesis and strategic plans for testing them] 2. At the end of semester 2 (submission of Volume 2 in week 27).

This volume will include sections on: Testing the Hypothesis at Architecture Scale [testing through architectural resolution of the fragments] Testing the Hypothesis at Tectonic Scale [testing through tectonic elaboration of the fragments] Content from at least one, more, or all of each of the Reclaiming Tectonics, Reclaiming Urbanism (S1), and Reclaiming Modernism (S2) lecture courses is expected to be reflected upon critically, elaborated on and/or contested intellectually , and assimilated into your design work. This must be discussed in the Journal and made clearly identifiable.

Content from the Environment and Urban Policy lecture courses is expected to be reflected upon critically, elaborated on and/or contested intellectually, and assimilated into your design work.

This must be discussed in the Journal and made clearly identifiable.

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The Manifesto and the Survey Robert Venturi and Denise ScottBrown’s Learning from Las Vegas (top), and Oswald Mathias Unger’s The City in the City, Berlin: A Green Archipelago (with Rem Koolhaas, Peter Riemann, Hans Kollhoff, and Arthur Ovaska)

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C O U R S E

S T U D I O S

The course will operate within six studios, from which you will choose. The following pages provide a basic summary of each. In week 0, detailed presentations will be made by the lead tutors. Each presentation will: discuss the disciplinary and thematic territories within which it will operate; define a clear research question; outline the operational mechanisms of the studio.

Each studio will provide you with its own detailed briefing documentation.

Your studio will be your academic home for both semesters.

Returning briefly to Lefebvre: “The town concentrates not only the populace but the instruments of production, capital, needs, pleasures”.

Each of the six studios, while considering its particular city as a holistic entity, will focus more specifically on an urban “instrument”. In doing this, it will inevitably engage aspects of the others.

36

“If you wait around for the clouds to part and a bolt of lightening to strike you in the brain, you are not going to make an awful lot of work. All the best ideas come out of the process; they come out of the work itself”

“INSPIRATION IS FOR AMATEURS - THE REST OF US JUST SHOW UP AND GET TO WORK.” Chuck Close

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Studio A | POPULACE | Shanghai Andy Stoane | HOUSING FUTURES : The Paradox of the Specious City. “unless you transform spatial organization, no revolution can ever be possible” Henri Lefebvre

There is a paradox in the modern hypercity. As it expands outward, many of its urban attributes - its collective and pluralistic life; its continual demand for negotiation; its physical and temporal compaction - are replaced by autonomous rings of growth, separated by hours of time. This new temporal order brings with it two consequences. First, the idea of the city as a totality is eroded.

Just as the idea of any perception of the present is specious and must be constructed, so too must any idea of the city - and such mental reconstruction becomes increasingly arduous. The second, more real, consequence is an economic reshuffling. The middle becomes intolerably over-valued, and new, wealthier populations displace established ones. In its truest sense of body politic (polis), the city ceases to be a city. The city has become a ‘post-urban metropolis’.

The remaining fabric of Shanghai’s old town, A. Stoane.

Set against fifty years of exponential global population growth and continued rapid urbanisation, studio A will go to one of the biggest and fastest growing cities in the world, questioning the impact of such extreme demographic change on the urban populace. Might we house the populace Otherwise - in a manner which mitigates, rather than accelerates, rising wealth inequalities, and which promotes, rather than disintegrates, collective life?

Our inability to effectively and equitably house our population is one of the most urgent issues of our time. It is recognised as a global crisis. Yet questions of mass housing seem to have fallen off the radar for the discipline of architecture. In his recent book The Efficacy of Architecture, Tahl Kaminer suggests that architecture has “marinated for decades in formal and phenomenological explorations . . . while the social and political project of the modernist avant-garde receded from view”. The hegemony of neoliberal economics now sets social challenges which demand urgent and radical reaction on a global scale, not least in attitudes to housing our population. Must architecture’s position be one of retreat - of complete capitulation to the market - or can we regain some critical leverage? Might there be alternate modes of operation, where new urban forms can promote ideas for collective life, for housing all of our population, and for helping avoid social failure and economic distortion?

In thirty years Shanghai’s population has grown from 13 million to over 26 million. Housing unaffordability is now reaching the level of western cities such as London, Paris and New York, and long-established urban communities are continually under threat from escalating land values attracting lucrative capital investment projects on their sites. Such cycles of socio-economic displacement break down the collective way of life that has bound these communities together, often over centuries. We will question how new architectures might intervene in and around Shanghai’s Old Town, avoiding erasure and displacement, while enabling the densities and qualities necessary to absorb future growth and prevent urban sprawl.

Life in Shanghai’s old town, A. Stoane.

Alsterzentrum, Konwiartz for Neue Heimat, St. Georg,

The studio will collaborate with Shanghai’s Tongji University, sharing critical perspectives between East and West on what is now unquestionably an urgent, common and very real crisis. We will seek to imagine outputs that are future-orientated, non-conciliatory and which specifically address the potential for the discipline of architecture to rediscover socio-political efficacy. We will propose radical solutions to new forms of urban housing and its associated programmes. Solutions which are socially equitable and environmentally responsible.

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Studio B | CAPITAL / EDUCATION | Dundee Jane Burridge | BUSINESS FORUM Forum 1. a meeting or medium where ideas and views on a particular issue can be exchanged.

2. a public square or marketplace used for judicial and other business.

With the current background of turmoil in Europe, social and economic unrest and changing workforce demands, the studio will explore how these factors might shape our future buildings and cities, seeking to determine the connection between contemporary business practices and urban society and how architecture can mediate that relationship.

Historically, Dundee was an important trading port and city of traditional industries, but following a period of post-industrial decline, is now considered to be re-emerging as a centre for biomedical and technological industries. Indeed the city was recognised by UNESCO in 2014 as the UK’s first City of Design and, with the recent opening of the V+A as the flagship project of the £1Bn Dundee Waterfront regeneration, has further enhanced a reported growing reputation as a hub of cultural and creative excellence and an international centre for the creative industries. Despite this, however, there is a distinct lack of cohesion and unity in the city and there remains a woefully disparate townscape.

The synergetic relationship between education and industry is a key component of the city’s recent development. Both Dundee and Abertay Universities endeavour to promote business and enterprise, combining theory with practice, offering learning from both academic and industry professionals.

Simultaneously, companies worldwide now not only look to universities for the training and expertise of their future workforce, but recognise that cultivating relationships with universities can yield philanthropic opportunities, innovative research projects, skilled employees and innovative products.

The ambition of the project is to create a Business Forum, which in the spirit of the ancient Forum, will serve as a new public area in the city bringing together commercial, economic, political and social activities.

Both on an urban and programme level the group will seek to create a focal point for community and exchange, integrating into the contemporary city a series of internal and external active public spaces and workplace environments which will offer new connections and bring together Learning, Research and Business - places to work that foster opportunity, offering flexibility, connection, community, shared space and a dynamic environment that nurtures ideas. The studio will seek to identify and develop architectural design approaches which support and stimulate business performance through increased worker satisfaction, improved health and well-being. The aim is to design buildings with greater flexibility and enhanced energy and environmental performance, ultimately creating socially and economically sustainable architecture and a distinct place in the city.

Space Syntax image of Powergen HQ

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Studio C | INFRASTRUCTURE | Verona Neil Verow | RUBBER, STEEL, AIR,WATER: Embracing Infrastructure “Wherefore the mere practical architect is not able to assign sufficient reasons for the forms he adopts; and the theoretic architect also fails, grasping the shadow instead of the substance, he who is theoretic as well as practical is therefore doubly armed; able not only to prove the propriety of his design, but equally so to carry it into execution.”

Vitruvius, de Architectura, trans. Joseph Gwilt, London: Priestley and Weale, 1826. http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Vitruvius/home.html

The City of Verona (possibly the birthplace of Vitruvius) was established over 2000 years ago within a loop of the River Adige, where the Southern Alps meet the Venetian Plain. It is the crossing point of the Roman roads Via Postumia, linking the Ligurian and Adriatic Seas and Via Claudia Augusta, the route from Rome to Germania and the Northern provinces. Its location has ensured the continuity of its strategic importance throughout successive periods of occupation to the present.

In the 21st Century the European Commission’s Trans-European Transport Network Corridors, (TENtec) combine Road, Rail, Inland Waterways and Maritime Routes, with an aim to reduce reliance on air travel. Verona is the crossing of two of these, linking the extremities of the EU at all compass points and beyond – the Atlantic with the Black Sea, the Baltic with the Mediterranean, much as it had been under the Roman Empire. At Verona’s Interporto Quadrante Europa 13000 workers are employed moving 26 million tons of goods per year. A further 900 work at VW Italia’s HQ and Veronafiere attracts 1.3 million visitors per year to its Trade Fair, Conference and Exhibition Centre.

Though the city’s population has grown to over a quarter of a million, it is through an area of barely a square kilometre, the Centro Storico, for which the city is known. 5 million tourists arrive per year with overseas visitors staying 13 million nights. The City’s core has few permanent residents, and little commercial activity independent of tourism. This latest occupation is sustained by the entertainment of, and conspicuous consumption by, a transient population in a designated Unesco World Heritage site.

While economically important, bringing €50 billion per year into the region, offering seasonal employment and underpinning the survival and development of a rich and omnipresent palimpsestuous built heritage, our interest will be in how the living periphery can be reconnected physically, perceptually, economically and above all sustainably with the symbolic heart.

Topography and infrastructure were the reasons for the city’s establishment, subsequent occupations and for its modernisation in the 20th Century. The Industrial Revolution was suppressed in Verona until the end of Austrian occupation in 1870, when expansion was facilitated by the construction of the Canale Camuzzoni, controlling the flow of the Adige, draining an area to the South of the City, and supplying hydroelectric power. Much of the industry located in this reclaimed area has gone, leaving adjacent suburbs isolated, but offering opportunities to re-establish connections. To the East, the University has begun to colonise the extensive Austrian fortifications which remain, and similar opportunities exist to the West, in the San Zeno district.

We will study the City, its textures, its context, its customs and values, to understand the continuity of history and the opportunities of its future before proposing interventions which may be conservative or ambitious in scale, brownfield or interwoven, but always establishing a continuity from the distant, through intermediate, to intimate with due regard to the country and climate in which they are erected.

When we are satisfied with the spot fixed on for the site of the city, as well as in respect of the goodness of the air as of the abundant supply of provisions for the support of the population, the communications by good roads, and river or sea navigation for the transport of merchandise, we should take into consideration the method of constructing the walls and towers of the city.

(Buildings) are properly designed, when due regard is had to the country and climate in which they are erected. For the method of building which is suited to Egypt would be very improper in Spain, and that in use in Pontus would be absurd at Rome: so in other parts of the world a style suitable to one climate, would be very unsuitable to another.

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Studio D | CULTURE | Dundee Cameron Wilson | CITY AND SEQUENTIAL NARRATIVES “The city is provisionally created as a patchwork quilt of individual viewpoints and opinions. The created order is everywhere punched and torn open by ellipses, drifts, and leaks of meaning: it is a sieve-order.”

Michel de Certeau,The Practice of Everyday Life

Studio D will explore and challenge considerations and assumptions relating to design, culture and regeneration within the context of a 21st century post-industrial setting and will speculate possible urban interventions within Dundee. This will require a reading of the city, its history, the creative industries and its early stages of rebirth.

The Studio will engage with the investigation of left-over space, in-between place and include the relationship of public exterior to public interior space. The consideration of palimpsest as a sustainable methodology will be essential in defining new opportunities and a clear strategy within the city. In addition an understanding and attitude to dealing with the contemporary pressures of developing and ethically sustaining an industry with respect to economics and community will also be expected.

The beginning of the 21st Century has seen Dundee revitalise its cultural position within Scotland and the UK. Dundee is one of 10 UNESCO Creative Cities within the UK and the only City of Design, therefore joining a select group of cities worldwide. The recent opening of the V&A as the only Design museum outside of London has reinforced the city’s desire to put design, culture and the creative economy at the heart of the Dundee’s renaissance.

The Studio will develop an understanding of the nature of Dundee and its relationship to its newly re-defined Creative Economy in order to establish a considered position. This will require an investigation of the urban grain, historic pattern and topography. Additionally each member of the Studio will research the city’s relationship to sequential art and consider this a medium to explore the City through the development of sequential narratives.

The project will require a holistic approach to the design, sited within a discovered location, and will require an exploration of architecture informed by an understanding of social and commercial activity, design, tourism, entrepreneurship and also the urban area and public and private spaces. Sequential art and the consideration of city, space and materials will be intrinsic in exploring ideas, creating rules, considering the rational and irrational, establishing structural parameters, engagement with public spaces etc.

Investigations of precedents and case studies can be self-directed and may involve small teams undertaking field trips independently. All investigations must be recorded with the aid of development models and sketches, narratives, photographs and video, which will be available at review assessment and exhibition.

Influences will range from Archigram to Zumthor, Sitte to Scarpa, Zaha to Alvar, Arch-Hero to BIG, Hogarth to Piranesi and others yet to be discovered.

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Studio E | NEIGHBOURHOOD | Paris Joseph Thurrott | LIVING IN PARIS: Affordable Accommodation in Maine-Montparnasse World’s most expensive cities to live in 2019: 1. Paris 1. Singapore 1. Hong Kong Paris has come top of a ranking of the world’s most expensive cities, alongside Singapore and Hong Kong according to the annual Economist Intelligence Unit 2019 Worldwide Cost of Living survey.

Above: present day photograph of the Maine-Montparnasse area

Paris, with 21,000 inhabitants/km2 is one of the most densely populated cities in the world and presently, the most expensive to live in. Paradoxically, Parisians are deserting their city due to the increase in rental prices fuelled, in part, by the growing trend for lucrative short-term lets to tourists. As a result, the quality of life for Parisians is declining. The above is being addressed by city officials through various schemes including the urban regeneration of Maine-Montparnasse.

“Situated in the centre of Paris, the Maine-Montparnasse sector covers 9 hectares of prime real estate. A hundred years ago it was one of the city’s cultural engines, but which has since succumbed to the radical concrete slab urbanism that is no longer suited to Parisians’ needs and expectations. An international consultation was launched in March 2018 with the intention of reimagining this neighbourhood - to transform this 1950 - 1970s modernist urban planning into a cityscape that is more consistent with Paris’ urban fabric and better able to meet contemporary climate-related challenges.” http://valgirardin.fr/le15eme/urbanisme/quartier-maine-montparnasse-quel-projeturbain-pour-demain-paris-15-arrondissement/

The aim of this studio is to explore how one can strengthen a sense of the city by creating dense neighbourhoods with a high diversity of activities and types of housing. Key questions: 1. What does it mean to “strengthen a sense of the city?”

2. How are neighbourhoods created?

3. Is there a particular urban typology that is best suited to the above?

“There is strictly speaking no correlation between demographic pressure and high rise buildings. In the US or Europe the “scarcity of land” argument is promoted and maintained by people with a variety of contrasting agendas…It is an artificially fabricated myth which dissolves into thin air when we look down onto those continents from the air. Our towns and landscapes do not suffer from a scarcity of land or generalized road and building congestion, but rather from badly used land, hence from bad planning. For instance, while Paris doubled its population it spread its buildings over a territory 15 times that of central Paris, despite the proliferation of utilitarian high rise buildings.”

Leon Krier, interviewed in Planetizn https://www.planetizen.com/node/32

The plan on the previous delineates two distinct areas: 1. Périmètre opérationnel (the site boundary of current projects in various stages of execution) and, 2. Périmètre de reflexion (the site boundary of potential future development). Students will work on their proposals mainly within the Périmètre de reflexion zone. However, a detailed analysis of the current proposals for zone 1 is crucial in order to understand and develop relationships between the two as is a similar analysis of the existing adjacent city. Of particular note is the ‘concrete-slab urbanism’ surrounding the Jardin Atlantique to the south of the Tour Montparnasse. Students are encouraged to develop a philosophical stance vis-à-vis the aforementioned as a precursor to pursuing their own urban agenda for their high-density, mixed-use, housing proposals.

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“The architecture of the city and public space is a matter of common concern to the same degree as laws and language - they are the foundation of civility and civilisation.”

Rob Krier in Urban Space

Studio F | NEIGHBOURHOOD | Inverness Colin Baillie | SIMULACRA

“it is dangerous to unmask images, since they dissimulate the fact that there is nothing behind them.”

Jean Baudrillard, Simulacra and Simulation

Edge of town development, and the resultant suburban sprawl, is ubiquitous in the UK. The land area claimed by low-density, car-centric, large-volume housing estates is substantial, and this can be seen around the periphery of all our major cities (and beyond). The self-defined ‘New Urbanist’ movement purports to represent the antidote – higher density, people-centric, eco-friendly, street-based urbanism, grounded in preexisting historic models.

While these qualities appear to be desirable, in their antagonism toward the suburb and the mess of everyday life, New Urbanist satellite towns tend to detach themselves from existing cities entirely, often conflating their ambitions with a highly differentiated architectural vocabulary and promoting an idealised exclusive enclave. The capital city of the Scottish Highlands – Inverness – and its recently established New Urbanist satellite – Tornagrain – illuminate this dichotomy markedly.

Studio F aims to unmask the seductive promotional imagery of the New Urbanist movement, raising crucial questions about this new mode of urbanisation. What are the political, economic and ecological imperatives for establishing satellite towns within the green-belt periphery of an existing city? Who are Tornagrain’s stakeholders? Are its streets and pedestrian friendly spaces really public? Is it a copy of something authentic or a Baudrillardian simulacrum? Why can’t we create vibrant, contemporary and equitable high-density communities within our existing cities? What’s wrong with mess? This studio will begin by closely examining these questions, through studying the dual territories of the city of Inverness and its New Urbanist satellite.

The Market Town of Arbroath, 1890s

The Market Town of Tornagrain, 2019

Inverness city during ‘Pride’, 2019

Over the past two decades, Inverness has experienced continual population growth. According to the Highland Council’s head of planning and development, the annual growth over the past decade has been between 7 and 10 percent, with the population having reportedly reached over 70,000 in 2019. While Inverness remains a small city, accommodating increasing numbers of inhabitants has led to substantial new housing development. The central urban area of the city is characterised by low-rise, high-density typologies, public spaces, and a vibrant mix of commercial, residential and public uses. The expanding periphery however, is dominated by low-density suburbia, with virtually no interconnected urban planning. The new town of Tornagrain has emerged from this picture, and claims to offer a ‘sustainable, thriving, diverse, resilient’ alternative. We ask, doesn’t this terminology essentially describe the existing city? Why does Inverness require an exclusive, out-of-town satellite at all?

The studio will first make a framework to analyse the reality of Tornagrain against its old urban counterpart, before then making proposals for accommodating a new, higher density neighbourhood within the central urban area of Inverness. Students will each contribute detailed architectural designs forming part of the new neighbourhood, itself forming part of the urban totality. In doing this, we will challenge the hegemony of the developer-led suburban status quo, and the exclusivity of the New Urbanist alternative.

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C O U R S E

R E A D I N G

Kofman, E., Lebas, E. (Eds.), Henri Lefebvre, Writings on Cities, Oxford, Blackwell, 1996.

Arendt, H., The Human Condition, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1958.

Lefebvre, H., The Production of Space, Oxford, Blackwell, 1991, Brenner, N., New Urban Spaces: Urban Theory and the Scale Question, New York, OUP USA, 2019.

Brenner, N., Marcuse, P., Mayer, M. (eds), Cities for People, Not for Profit: Critical Urban Theory and the Right to the City, Abingdon, Routledge, 2011.

Simmel, G., The Metropolis and Mental Life, 1903, http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/content/BPL_Images/Content_store/ Sample_chapter/0631225137/Bridge.pdf Certeau, Michel de., The Practice of Everyday Life, Los Angeles, University of California Press, 1984.

Harvey, D., Social Justice and the City, London, Edward Arnold, 1973.

Marcuse , P., Connolly, J., Novy, J., Olivo, I., Potter, C., Steil, J., (Eds.), Searching for the Just City: Debates in Urban Theory and Practice, Abingdon, Routledge, 2011.

Kaminer, T., The Efficacy of Architecture: Political Contestation and Agency, Abingdon, Routledge, 2017.

Marcuse, P., Madden, D., In Defense of Housing: The Politics of Crisis, London, Verso, 2016.

Smith, N., The New Urban Frontier: Gentrification and the Revanchist City, Abingdon, Routledge, 1996.

Hughes, J., Sadler, S., (Eds.), Non-Plan: Essays on Freedom, Participation and Change in Modern Architecture and Urbanism, New York, Architectural Press, 1999.

Leach, N. (ed.), Rethinking Architecture: A Reader in Cultural Theory, Abingdon, Routledge, 1997. (particularly Jameson’s Is Space Political? and Leach’s Architecture or Revolution).

Aureli, P. V., The Possibility of an Absolute Architecture, Cambridge, MIT Press, 2011.

Bunschoten, Raoul., Urban Flotsam: Stirring the City, Rotterdam, 010 Uitgeverij, 2000.

Adorno, T., Horkheimer, H., Dialectic of Enlightenment, London, Verso, 1997.

Benjamin, W., The Arcades Project, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 2002.

Desimini, J., Waldheim, C., Cartographic Grounds: Projecting the Landscape Imaginary, New York, Princeton Architectural Press, 2016.

MIT Center for Advanced Urbanism, Scaling Infrastructure, New York, Princeton Architectural Press, 2016.

Koolhaas, R., Delirious New York: A Retroactive Manifesto for Manhatten, New York, Monacelli Press, 1994.

Koolhaas, R., Mau, B., S,M,L,XL, Rotterdam, 010 Publishers, 1995. Essays: Exodus, or the Voluntary Prisoners of Architecture; Bigness, or the Problem of the Large; What Ever Happened to Urbanism?. Project: Surrender, Ville Melun-Sénart, France, 1987.

Koolhaas, R., Obrist, H-U., Project Japan: Metabolism Talks, Cologne, Taschen GmbH, 2011.

Hertweck, F., Marot, S., The City in the City, Berlin: A Green Archipelago, Zurich, Lars Müller, 2013.

Venturi, R., Scott Brown, D., Izenour, S., Learning from Las Vegas, Cambridge, MIT Press, 1972.

Rossi, A., The Architecture of the City, Cambridge, MIT Press, 1984.

Rowe, C., Koetter, F., Collage City, Cambridge, MIT Press, 1978.

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“THE CALAMITIES OF ACTION ALL ARISE FROM THE HUMAN CONDITION OF PLURALITY, WHICH IS THE CONDITION SINE QUA NON FOR THAT SPACE OF APPEARANCE WHICH IS THE PUBLIC REALM. HENCE THE ATTEMPT TO DO AWAY WITH THIS PLURALITY IS ALWAYS TANTAMOUNT TO THE ABOLITION OF THE PUBLIC REALM ITSELF.” 1

H. Arendt, The Human Condition, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1958, p220.

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C O U R S E T I M E TA B L E S Semester 2 will be updated before January.

Monday 09 September Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Module AR41001 Urban theory analysis & strategy

Theory Theory

Week 13

Week 12

Week 11

Wednesday Thursday

Friday Monday 02 December Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 09 December Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Week 14

Monday 16 December Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

LH Reclaiming Urbanism Lecture

Design tutorials: The Urban Social Field and its Contexts. Refining Questions

DRU Tutorial

TG Lecture 1 (2-3pm) AS meeting

LH Reclaiming Urbanism Lecture

Studio Review 1: Research Questions and Methods developed from Theory [Graphically].

Afterparty.

AS Reclaiming Tectonics Lecture AS lecture / studio meetings

LH Reclaiming Urbanism Lecture Submit Publication Abstract

Field Field

DRU Tutorial

Strategy

LH Reclaiming Urbanism Lecture

Exhibition / Review 2: Synthesis of Research Digital Submission AS Reclaiming Tectonics Lecture AS lecture / studio meetings

Strategy/ Hypothesi

Field / Theory A l i

Design tutorials: Activating Questions / Working with Operational Sites Visitors from Tongji – evening drinks.

Design tutorials: Constructing the Hypothesis

DRU Tutorial

AS Reclaiming Tectonics Lecture TG Workshop (10am-5pm)

LH Reclaiming Urbanism Lecture

LH Reclaiming Urbanism Lecture MP&L Lecture / Workshop

Submit Publication Draft

0900-1100 Jamie Brown, Matthew 5014/5

Hypothesis/ Proposition

Design tutorials: Transect 1100-1200 Tamer Gado Lecture 2, Matthew 5018 TBC 1500-1600 Andy Stoane Reclaiming Tectonics Lecture, Matthew 5018 1600-1700 Dumiso Moyo, Matthew 5018 AS lecture / studio meetings

1000-1100 Lorens Holm Reclaiming Urbanism Lecture, Matthew 5018

Design tutorials: Urban Hypothesis Journal Design

DRU Tutorial

1100-1200 Tamer Gado Lecture 3, Matthew 5018 TBC

AHRA CONFERENCE

0900-1100 Jamie Brown, Matthew 5014/5 1300-1500 Jamie Brown, Mathew 5013

Hypothesis / Proposition

Friday Monday 25 November Tuesday

DRU Presentations / Student unit selection

AS Reclaiming Tectonics Lecture AS lecture / studio meeting - Criticality

AHRA CONFERENCE 0900-1100 Jamie Brown, Matthew 5014/5

Design tutorials: Urban Hypothesis [Setting up the Architectural Scale]

Proposition

Wednesday Thursday

Studio Presentations / Student studio selection Evening Welcome Party (meet tutors informally) YEAR LEADER MEETING Design tutorials: The Urban Social Field and its Contexts. Setting up Questions

1000-1100 Tamer Gado Lecture 4, Matthew 5018 1500-1600 Andy Stoane Reclaiming Tectonics Lecture, Matthew 5018

Proposition

Week 10

Tuesday

Wuhan Matriculation

Fieldwork / Discovering Operational Sites [or Tutorials]

Studio Journal Review : Powerpoint Digital Submission 1000-1100 Tamer Gado Lecture 5, Matthew 5018

Review

Week 8 Week 9

Friday Monday 18 November

Module AR40007 (M,P+L)

Fieldwork / Discovering Operational Sites [or Tutorials]

Review / Assessment

Week 4 Week 5

Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 28 October Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 04 November Tuesday Wednesday Thurs Friday Monday 11 November Tuesday Wednesday Thursday

Week 7

Wednesday Thurs Friday Monday 21 October Tuesday

Week 6

Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 14 October Tuesday

Theory Analysis

Week 1

Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 30 September Tuesday

Week 3

Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 23 September Tuesday

Week 2

Monday 16 September Tuesday

Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 07 October Tuesday

Module AR40003 Architecture Humanities 4

Wuhan Welcome

Introduction

Week 0

Year 4 MArch Semester 1 2019

LH Reclaiming Urbanism Lecture

1300-1500, Andy Stoane, Matthew 5013

Final Review Exhibition Setup Exhibition Setup

Conference Critical Response DRU Tutorial 1500-1600 Lorens Holm, Reclaiming Urbanism Lecture, Matthew 5018

1500-1600 Lorens Holm, Reclaiming Urbanism Lecture, Matthew 5018

Final Journal Submission: Printed and Digital Steve Kenicer, Max Fordman in Studio

PM: Assessment marking + moderation

PM: DRU Artefact Submission and Review AM: DRU Artefact Review

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0900-1100 Jamie Brown, Matthew 5014/5

Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 11 May Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 18 May Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Proposition Proposition Proposition Proposition Proposition Proposition Tectonics Tectonics

Week 22 Week 23 Week 24 Week 25 Week 26 Week 27 Week 28 Week 29

Monday 27 April Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 4 May Tuesday

Tectonics

Wednesday Thurs Friday Monday 2 March Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 9 March Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 16 March Tuesday Wednesday Thurs Friday Monday 23 March Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 30 March Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Tectonics

Week 19

Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 24 February Tuesday

Tectonics

Week 18

Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 17 February Tuesday

Module AR40003 Architecture Humanities 4.

TG Lecture Tutorials, Stage 5: Testing the Hypothesis [Fragments]

DRU Publication Submission – Digital Version

AS Reclaiming Tectonics Lecture AS studio meeting

LH Reclaiming Modernism Lecture

TG Lecture Tutorials, Stage 5: Testing the Hypothesis [Fragments]

DRU Publication Submission – Hard Copy

Bruce Callan, JGA Fire Consultants TG Workshop TG Lecture Blue Tuesday: Pan-studio reflections Afterparty.

LH Reclaiming Modernism Lecture

AS Reclaiming Tectonics Lecture AS Lecture / studio meeting TG Lecture Tutorials, Stage 5: Testing the Hypothesis [Fragments]

LH Reclaiming Modernism Lecture

‘Buildings’ series lecture Bruce Callan, JGA Fire Consultants. Studio.

TG Lecture Tutorials, Stage 5: Testing the Hypothesis [Fragments] Jim Roberston. Workshop. Studio.

‘Buildings’ series lecture AS lecture / studio meeting TG Lecture Tutorials, Stage 5: Testing the Hypothesis [Fragments] Journal Design

LH Reclaiming Modernism Lecture

‘Buildings’ series lecture Graham Henshaw, Arup. Studio.

TG Lecture Review: Fragments Digital Submission

LH Reclaiming Modernism Lecture

LH Reclaiming Modernism Lecture

LH Reclaiming Modernism Lecture TG Workshop (+ Steve Kenicer) TG Lecture Tutorials, Stage 6: Sub-fragments ‘Buildings’ series lecture TG Workshop TG Lecture Tutorials, Stage 6: Sub-fragments Jim Roberston. Workshop. Studio.

‘Buildings’ series lecture Graham Henshaw, Arup. Studio.

LH Reclaiming Modernism Lecture

LH Reclaiming Modernism Lecture

Tutorials, Stage 6: Sub-fragments ‘Buildings’ series lecture AS lecture / studio meetings

Module AR40007 (M,P+L)

MP&L S2 TIMETABLE TBC

LH Reclaiming Modernism Lecture

Final Project Review

AS studio meeting

Final Studio Pin-up + Powerpoint Journal Review Review

Week 16 Week 17

Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 10 February Tuesday

Week 21

Wednesday Thursday Friday Monday 3 February Tuesday

Week 20

Monday 27 January Tuesday

Submission

Wednesday Thursday Friday

Module AR40007 Integrated Design 4.

Assessment

Week 15

Monday 20 January Tuesday

Assessment

Year 4 M.Arch Semester 2 2020

AS Meeting Submit Final Journal - both volumes : Printed + bound Digital Exhibition set-up Exhibition set-up Exhibition set-up Internal Examination

External Examination

Degree Show Opening

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