AB Connections Issue #1011

Issue #1011

THOUSANDS OF MILES AWAY, WORK HITS HOME Reflecting on building a life-changing bridge in Rwanda

Cover: Opening ceremony for the Karambi Footbridge, AB’s fourth collaboration with Bridges to Prosperity.

www.AmericanBridge.net

CONTENTS

AMERICAN BRIDGE CONNECTIONS Issue #1011

Thousands of Miles Away, Work Hits Home FEATURE - 4 Rob Conroy FEATURED EMPLOYEE - 16 Tappan Zee Bridge in Black and White FEATURE PHOTO - 18 NEW EMPLOYEES - 20 ABIT OF NEWS - 21 CURRENT CONTRACTS - 23 Woolworth Building, Empire State Building, and more FLASHBACKS - 24 Crossing Hell’s Gate EXTENDED FLASHBACK - 26 Extreme Weather Conditions BRIDGE TO SAFETY - 29

FEATURE

THOUSANDS OF MILES AWAY,

WORK HITS HOME

After completing a life-changing span in Rwanda, the American Bridge team reflects on the latest Bridges to Prosperity build.

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Going to work. Dropping the kids

Removing the barriers to access

off at school. Getting to the grocery

is the singular focus of Bridges

store. Visiting your doctor. If you

to Prosperity (B2P), a non-profit

think about your daily routines,

organization that has built more

you’ll probably realize that at some

than 250 footbridges serving over

point, you cross a bridge. Now,

1 million community members

imagine not being able to use that

around the world. This summer,

bridge and have no detour for miles.

American Bridge completed its

AB Staff: Adam Reeve,

fourth pedestrian bridge with

Dan Schwarz, Kara Mullin,

Isolation and limited access to

B2P—a unique suspension span over

Kwadwo Osei-Akoto,

schools, healthcare, food, and

the Mwogo River in Rwanda. Led

Chris Deklewa

commerce are significant risks for

by AB’s Vice President of Special

thousands of rural communities

Projects, Kwadwo Osei-Akoto, the

across the globe.

five adventurous volunteers made their way over 7,500 miles to a

Location: Rwanda

Engineering Partner: WSP (Louis Berger/ Berger Foundation)

project unlike any other.

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MEET THE AB TEAM

Kara Mullin Project Manager

Dan Schwarz Engineering Manager

Chris Deklewa Senior Estimator

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Kara joined American Bridge as a Field Engineer after graduating from Virginia Tech with a Bachelor of Science in Civil and Environmental Engineering.

Currently, she is Project Manager for the Edmonton Valley LRT Tawatina Bridge where she oversees the construction of an 853-foot, three span extradosed cable-stayed bridge.

Dan is a fixture in AB’s in-house engineering team and has 18 years of experience working on unique and complex projects such as the Woodrow Wilson Bridge Maryland Approach, Las Vegas High Roller, and U.S. 69 Missouri River Bridge.

He leads the development of design solutions for bridge construction, rehabilitation, and demolition.

After graduating from Penn State University with a Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering, Chris joined the AB team as a Field Engineer. His development of alternative methods for steel replacement helped to limit permanent lane closures during rehabilitation of the Peace Bridge, which is a highly-traveled connection between the U.S. and Canada.

Adam Reeve Assistant Project Manager

Kwadwo Osei-Akoto Vice President of Special Projects

Adam has worked on complex bridge construction projects for the past 11 years, including some of AB’s largest jobs, like the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Self-Anchored Suspension Span and Angus L. Macdonald Bridge Suspended Spans Deck Replacement.

For the past two years, he has worked on the demolition scope of the Tappan Zee Hudson River Crossing project.

For the past 30 years, Kwadwo has worked for AB on complex projects, primarily in the New York City area.

From the Tappan Zee Hudson River Crossing, to the George Washington Bridge Span Upper Level Structural Steel Rehabilitation, and the Delaware Memorial Bridge Dehumidification of Main Cables and Anchorages, Kwadwo leads some of AB’s most challenging and technically demanding work. He has been involved in every B2P project for AB.

Why did you decide to participate in this cycle of B2P?

discussed means and methods, and developed work

KM: Taking part in a B2P build is something I’ve been

Being in a remote area means limited vendors. You

hoping to do for a few years. It’s a great and simplistic

can’t just run to a local tool supplier and pick up

way to help people. A pedestrian bridge is a practical

sockets or a new drill, so we had to make sure we had

solution to a major problem faced by many around the

everything on hand—including spares.

plans. The most difficult aspect of the planning was making sure we had all the necessary tools with us.

world. I jumped at the opportunity to use my professional skills to connect people and make their lives easier.

AR: A lot of the planning was similar to what’s done ahead of a typical AB job. We started by reviewing

DS: I’ve wanted to participate in B2P since AB began

the plans, schedules, and outcomes of previous B2P

partnering with them a few years ago. Each of the past

builds. Using this knowledge, we created a detailed

three trips conflicted with personal events, so I couldn’t

construction work plan with sequencing and procedures

even apply. Fortunately, this one worked out. After

for each stage. We also created a health and safety plan

discussing it with my family, we decided the timing

that outlined controls to mitigate the unique hazards

was right. In the most simplistic terms, I think B2P is

we would face. The team performed quantity take-offs

an organization worth supporting. They’ve identified a

for all materials, created a target schedule, and offered

very specific need for third world countries and have

ideas for potential improvements to the engineer. We

been able to bring significant resources to bear in a

used our in-house engineering resources to model some

relatively short time period. The people of Karambi

of the critical construction stages.

faced challenges getting to market, school, or to just carry out their daily activities. AB is in a position, as

Most of the differences were due to our limited

bridge builders, to make a real and immediate impact

knowledge of the site conditions and available tools

on these communities. This was my opportunity to use

and equipment. Not knowing exactly what would be

my skills to make the world a little bit better, and show

needed or available in Rwanda, we tried to coordinate

my children there are many ways to help others.

our packing lists so that we had enough tools and equipment to handle whatever came up on site.

AR: Ahead of the selection process, Kwadwo suggested I volunteer as the construction manager

lead the American Bridge team.

How much local involvement was there on the project? What was key to successfully communicating and working together?

CD: I wanted to be a part of this because of all the

AR: There were about ten workers from the local

amazing stories from past years. Most participants told

communities. Since this was the first bridge with steel

me it was the most difficult thing they’ve ever done,

decking (more on that later), B2P also used our project

but the most rewarding. I had an opportunity to use the

to train an additional ten foremen and engineers. All the

skills I’ve developed over my career and put them to

local participants were really hard working and eager

use for a great cause.

to learn. It was an amazing experience to get to know,

because of my experience on AB’s B2P build in Panama. Knowing the type of multi-talented people that make up the Company, I was excited to be able to

work alongside, teach, and learn from everyone on

What did it take to plan for something like this? Was it like a typical AB job?

the project. Most of the foremen and engineers spoke English and could translate, but I picked up a little Kinyarwanda. We found ways to communicate through hand signals and demonstration.

CD: We followed the same process as we would for starting up a new AB project. We studied the drawings,

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How did you prepare for the trip?

those to develop our construction

KM: I watched documentaries about

in the heat to acclimate to the

gorillas in central Africa, read books

expected site conditions.

work plan and schedule. Whenever possible, I tried to work outside

about Rwanda’s history, researched the country’s national parks, and tried

CD: B2P provided a lot of

to learn as much as I could before

information, including drawings,

leaving. The series of calls amongst

their bridge builder manual, and lots

the B2P team members leading up to

of photos from previous builds. I did

the build helped us prepare socially

some research on Rwanda to better

and technically for the trip. We had

understand the geography and

drawings and work plans to prepare

culture. The US Department of State

and study. I also packed my bag two

and Center for Disease Control

weeks in advance!

websites contained a lot of useful travel information.

DS: The first thing everyone seems to ask about are the shots. Yes, we got the CDC-recommended inoculations! I did study Rwanda to

What was the most unusual item you packed?

familiarize myself with the history, geography, and culture. Some

CD: A ¾-ton come-along. I can’t say

people even bought travel guides,

I’ve ever had to pack that for a trip,

which turned out to be pretty useful.

but now I don’t leave home without

One thing I focused on, naturally, was

one. Malaria medication would be a

the engineering side of things. We

close second.

needed to know the forces involved in building the bridge, particularly

KM: A French press for coffee in the

in lifting the towers and tensioning

morning. Rwanda is home to some

the cables. I did some calculations

of the best coffee in the world, and

so we knew what size equipment

the team was happy I brought it.

and rigging was needed. The build team had a lot of discussions before

AR: Kara had some clothing items

leaving to make sure we had our

made for us to wear to the opening

plan. Each time one of us discovered

ceremony, so on the return trip, the

a potential issue, we would get

most unusual item I packed was a

together and try and think of a

chicken print shirt!

solution. This laid the foundation for our mentality on site. We got

DS: A few days before we left, we

together before each operation to

saw pictures of the jobsite and

discuss the best way to perform the

the river levels were very high. The

work, weighing different options and

rainy season had taken its toll and

coming up with a path forward.

it seemed it was going to continue while we were there. I scrambled

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AR: I reviewed all B2P’s construction

to bring some extra rain gear. Of

procedures, plus all of AB’s previous

course, it didn’t rain a drop for the

build plans and schedules. I used

two weeks we were in the country.

Don’t Forget! * Truck/ratchet straps * Soccer balls * Linesman pliers * Clean clothes for the flight home

The existing wooden footbridge provided an unreliable and often unsafe crossing for the community.

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Dan Schwarz attaches metal decking to crossbeams.

What were the unique challenges presented by this project?

We were constantly working with

from the public and animals. Not

and teaching the local participants,

so on this job! On more than one

which allowed us to build close

occasion, a rouge pig made its

relationships with the B2P team.

way onto the job site and had

DS: The bridge we built in Karambi

to be herded to safety. We also

was a typical structure for B2P in

KM: Compared to AB’s previous

consistently had an audience of

terms of span length. The main

builds with B2P, this location

kids. They liked to sing us songs

difference was the decking. B2P

created some new hurdles. Past

and try to get our attention. At

identified the typical timber decking

builds have been in Central

one point, they realized our names

as the weak point in design from a

America, so some team members

were on our hard hats, and took to

longevity perspective. On a bridge

spoke the language and were

heckling those of us whose names

with a 30-year lifespan, the decking

more familiar with the countries

they could read. Adam spent an

would have to be replaced every four

and cultures. No one on our team

afternoon fixing grating to a chorus

to five years. B2P wanted to see if

could speak Kinyarwanda, making

of children yelling “Adam! Adam!

steel grating was a viable alternative,

communication with local crews and

Adam!” and trying to get him to

so they selected our project as a

community members challenging.

whistle for them.

test case. If we were successful, the change would roll out to over 350 bridges in Rwanda. Because the steel decking was chosen, B2P engaged numerous new engineers and foremen from the local staff.

This allowed us to train them so that knowledge could be brought

Rwanda is vastly different in terms of environment and geography from our typical project locations. What were some things that we don’t normally face?

to future builds. So, we had a lot

didn’t feel that much different to me. The biggest difference was the lack of machinery and equipment.

What we’d typically use a telehandler to move on a jobsite had to be done by hand, like 400-pound steel tower components, spools of

of help. The saying “many hands

KM: On typical AB jobs, we’re able

make light work” definitely applies

to put some sort of protections

and contributed to our success.

in place to separate our work

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CD: Believe it or not, the landscape

wire rope, scaffolding, and timbers.

What was the construction sequence?

Did everything go as planned?

AR: The construction sequence went pretty much as planned, with very few exceptions. We finished the entire build in five and a half days, which was over four days ahead of schedule.

DS: The building plan was put together using B2P’s manuals and we followed the typical construction sequence. The foundations had been built prior to our arrival, and many of the components were already staged. We definitely hit the ground running and finished ahead of schedule.

Past participants have noted the deep personal connection they’ve felt to the project and community.

Did any particular experience resonate with you?

DS: It sounds a bit ridiculous, because this is why B2P exists, but I was struck by how much people walk in Rwanda. Everywhere you go, all hours of the day, there are people walking in both directions along the road. On every hillside, there

B2P Sched

ule

SUNDAY: A ft work force, er arriving on site, w e met with preformed t a equipment, and materia n initial inventory of he local all the tools verification ls on site, a , n of the fabr icated piece d completed a dimens io s nal a n d as-built fo MONDAY: undations.

One team b egan suspen assembly w it d and assemb h crossbeams while a er fabrication and nother buil led the tow t ers in a ho rizontal pos falsework for TUESDAY: ition.

W assembly, b e continued with sus pe u tripped one ilt scaffold towers for nder fabrication and tripping th tower vertic e the commu nity meetin al. We ended the day towers, and gs on each early to att side of the end WEDNESD bridge.

AY: We com tripped the pleted the s r u all four ma emaining tower, and spender fabrication, installed an in cable str d set the sa ands. g in THURSDAY : We launch assemblies a e nd anchore d all the suspender-cro d the suspe nder restra ssbeam FRIDAY: W int cables. e safety fenc installed all the steel e installatio decking and n. began the SATURDAY : cleaned up We completed the safe the site, fin ishing by n ty fence installation a oon. nd

are people working in the fields or walking. There are footpaths branching off every road leading to villages and fields you cannot see. I was also touched by the friendliness of the people. They were always quick to wave hello, or exchange a brief

were walking across the existing log bridge in their

greeting, or practice their English. We even tried

traditional kitenge wrap skirts and old t-shirts, carrying

out our limited Kinyarwanda. Thank goodness for

baskets of produce. I noticed they were talking and

Kwadwo’s phrase book!

pointing in my direction. I asked the Rwandan engineer working with me what was going on, and he explained

KM: I was not prepared for the impact I would have on

with a laugh that they could not understand how a

the women in the community. While being a woman

woman was able to climb up the scaffolding!

in a male-dominated field has its challenges, I’ve never felt there was a door I couldn’t open or a goal that was

The women continued across the bridge and stopped

unattainable. I was oblivious the effect that seeing a

right next to us. Again, they were talking and pointing.

female working at heights with men would have on the

Except this time, they were grabbing their breasts.

local women.

My Rwandan colleague laughed harder and said “they don’t believe you’re actually a woman!” I took off my

One of the funniest but most impactful events that

hard had to show my hair, but they still didn’t believe it.

will stick with me is the reaction of two older women

So, I did the only thing I could think of—I grabbed my

who saw me on top of the scaffold structure. They

breasts to show that I am, in fact, a woman!

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“

“ I’ve participated in the B2P program since AB’s involvement began in November 2015.

There is nothing more pleasing or fulfilling than to go to a remote area of a third world country where people cannot cross a river just to go to school or the market place, and before you leave, the same people are singing, dancing, and thanking you for all the change you are leaving behind by building them a bridge. How satisfying!”

“

—Kwadwo Osei-Akoto, VP of Special Projects

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“

KM: On the second day of the build, we participated in a community meeting. The women seated nearby continually waved and

It will open your eyes to how much we take for granted each day, compared to many other areas of the world.

smiled in my direction. The meeting ended with a Rwandan song and dance typically reserved for celebrations. The women started to dance and grabbed me to join in, holding my hands. They seemed almost proud to see a woman helping to build that bridge. It was an honor for me to show what women can do.

AR: This was the first B2P build that used steel decking. Prior to this, teams used wood decking, which would begin to deteriorate after about five years in the rainy climate.

During the initial planning, we were told B2P was considering a switch to steel decking,

“

but we weren’t told that was actually a first or that we were going to be the inaugural use until a few days before we left. I knew this change could present some challenges but would also result in a safer, faster, and higher quality build. I was really excited to be part of the first team to use the new decking.

During the build, the decking proved to be a huge success. We saw lots of safety and schedule benefits compared to wood. When we were done, B2P told us that they chose AB to pilot the steel decking because of their experience with us on other projects. It was very humbling to know that B2P thought of AB when making the change.

CD: The entire experience was amazing and it was rewarding to see how this community really embraced the bridge. I am most proud of how well-respected AB is as a builder by B2P, and by how well we performed. From the moment we set foot on site, the five of us had one motivation, one goal, one vision.

It goes to show that when you put a team together that has a passion for building and trusts one another, anything is possible. We finished the bridge faster than any other B2P suspension bridge build, despite the introduction of the steel grating.

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How will this bridge change the community??

Describe the official opening. What was it like? How did the community react?

KM: One of the major impacts this bridge will have is

CD: The community—actually the country, it seemed—

on the local school. The walk from the bridge site to

was so invested and interested in the project. It was

the school was long, difficult, and took us up a steep

hard to understand their appreciation since we were

hill. The teachers noted that during the rainy season

there in the dry season and the river was relatively easy

when the river is impassable, students that live across

to cross. But when you take that into account, it makes

the river have to walk for hours longer to attend.

you realize how bad it must be when the river does

Considering how difficult the trek was already, it was

flood. We met a shopkeeper on the opposite side of the

hard to imagine making it even more arduous.

country who saw the project on the news!

Thursdays are market days, and many people cross

On opening day, the excitement was palpable. It was

the river with livestock, produce, and other goods. The

especially great to see the children and elderly using

new bridge will allow them to access the market at any

the bridge. It took on an amusement ride persona, with

time of the year, which is important for trade and the

everyone lining up to cross and touch the span. During

community. I would love to go back someday and see

the ceremony, all of the kids were lined up across the

how things have changed.

bridge in their uniforms to get a better view.

What was the most challenging part of the project? What did the team do to overcome it?

What would you say to those considering volunteering with B2P? KM: Do it! Absolutely. I was anxious and not sure what

DS: The most difficult part of construction was the

to expect, but I have no regrets. It was fun and fulfilling.

cable erection and tensioning. To erect the cables, they

The work was physically demanding, but the crew and

had to be lifted from the ground and placed on the

community were so welcoming, gracious, and happy to

towers by hand. While the cable isn’t particularly heavy,

have us that each day was entertaining and meaningful.

it is greasy, dirty, and awkward to handle. Luckily, we had plenty of hands to help out! Once the cable is lifted

AR: Do it. Both builds I’ve been on were outstanding

on top of the towers, the ends must be anchored to

and unlike anything I’ve done in my life.

the foundations with a loop made with cable clamps.

Each of the four cables required four clamps, which

DS: I’d absolutely recommend it. I had a great

took a good bit of elbow grease to tighten. When the

experience all around. The travel, while exhausting, was

dead end was anchored, the cables could be set to

a temporary inconvenience that was worth it in the long

the proper tension using the ¾-ton come-along Chris

run. The build just went really well. The people were

packed. The tricky part is that the tension must be set

amazingly friendly and helpful.

surveyed, but the weight of the tensioning hardware changes the geometry. So you have to remove the

CD: It will be one of the most rewarding and fulfilling

come-along each time, creating a laborious process.

things you’ll ever have a chance to do. It will open

Once you’re satisfied with the geometry, the cables

your eyes to how much we take for granted each day,

have to sit overnight and be shot again in the morning

compared to many other areas of the world. There are

to confirm nothing changed. Thankfully, ours did

few other volunteering opportunities that will have this

not and we were able to proceed with the build plan

big an effect on people’s daily lives.

without having to backtrack.

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TITLE HERE FEATURED EMPLOYEE

ROB CONROY PROJECT MANAGER

Rob Conroy has been just about everywhere. From college in snowbound northern New York, to building piers from sunny Caribbean shores, Rob has honed his experience on complex bridge and marine projects. We asked Rob about his career, favorite projects, and got some words of wisdom from a seasoned field leader.

Give us a little background on yourself. How did you originally become interested in civil engineering?

Growing up, I always liked math and was interested in how things were made. Originally, I wanted to be a surveyor, so I got my Associates in Civil Engineering and took every survey course I could. It was then I realized the importance of continuing my education and went on for my Bachelors. Later, I also earned a Masters in Civil Engineering.

You attended Clarkson University, which is in northern New York State. How did you find your way from the snowbelt down to the Bahamas and Caribbean?

I’ve always wanted to live in Florida. I’m not a cold weather person and had seen more than my share of snow plows. I left the Big Dig in Boston to go to Panama City, Florida and once that job ended, I knew I wanted to stay south. That’s when I interviewed with AB in Tampa.

Part of the hard sell by management included the proverbial carrot of the opportunity to live in “paradise.”

That’s how I was introduced to the Islands. I’m still waiting for the paradise part, though.

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You’ve held many roles over the course of your career, from field engineer to superintendent to project manager. What do you think was the reason for your continued growth?

I’ve been lucky to have been part of different types of projects. A lock and dam feeding into the Mississippi, a deep tunnel in Chicago, the Big Dig in Boston, precast segmental bridges, and marine work. My exposure to to different facets of construction helps my day-to-day approach to issues. I can certainly say I’ve been involved with “once in a lifetime” types of construction projects.

There are much smarter and more experienced people on our jobs, and I’ll be the first to admit I don’t know something, but I’ll always consider input from anyone.

Not only does the old salty construction super that has seen it all have good ideas, but many times ideas come from the guy on the shovel down in the trench. I think my willingness to work with others at any capacity with the same goal in mind has been a benefit.

Do you have any role models or mentors that helped to shape your approach to work or your job?

At any given time during our careers, I think we all look to someone that is currently influencing us and try to incorporate their good qualities into our daily activities.

At each stage of my professional life, I’ve had mentors, but it depends on the location and the project. I can always point to a place and time where I recognized someone that approached problems from a different perspective, and I would try to emulate their way of

The real reward is being part of a team and working together toward a common goal. We all have very different roles, but none is more important than the other when it comes to achieving these goals.

thinking. I also find role models in the guys I’ve worked with on a daily basis. American Bridge was lucky enough to have a handfull of expats that showed tremendous fortitude under extreme conditions and long hours for the sake of the company.

You’ve been heavily involved in many of AB’s marine projects over the years. What is unique about marine construction? What is something that readers may not know about the challenges of this type of work?

Having equipment on the water adds an additional set of concerns beyond the normal challenges associated with construction. The last project I was on was especially difficult since we were in open ocean with limited protection and we had to endure two hurricane seasons and winter Nor’easters. Mother Nature is certainly unpredictable, and throughout the course of every day, we were re-evaluating the weather, determining if we should work, run to the moorings, or run to safe harbor six miles away with the equipment.

Lots of your jobs are on remote or small islands. What are the challenges and benefits of these locations?

Our Caribbean work adds the challenges of shipping logistics, dealing with import customs, immigration, and the differences in culture. From a quality of life perspective, it’s very difficult dealing with boredom off the job and the mundane lifestyle of a small island. Not getting to what they consider a grocery store by Wednesday means that you may be looking at bare shelves come Friday. We’ve been in the Islands many years and for the most part have mitigated finding good help through old contacts, but labor is always an issue. Bringing expats over also has its challenges since most people have this impression that working in the Islands is “beer in hand, toes in sand.” Seventy-five percent of the expats that are first timers will hit a wall at three months and self-destruct.

As far as benefits, it’s certainly an adventure to work on the islands. Always prepare for the unexpected.

What was the most challenging project you’ve ever worked on?

Since working for American Bridge most of my experience has been in the Islands. In comparison to some of the other AB projects, our work is somewhat straightforward. I’d have to say my most recent assignment at Coco Cay was challenging from every perspective. We ran a true seven days a week for much of the project with no redundancy in staffing or man power. The elements were relentless and unpredictable.

Our success or failure relied on the equipment floating on barges, so we paid constant attention to it and preserve our ability to work. Maintaining a man camp for 45 Bahamians and all the logistics involved with that required 24/7 efforts. The owner was on a tight schedule so the pressure from them had its trickle-down affect.

Living on a small island of 400 people for long stretches of time took its toll mentally and physically. By the job’s end, every expat was battered but those that ground it out certainly showed what they were willing to do for American Bridge. We were lucky to have the team we did, from our project superintendent to the foreman and operators.

What is the most rewarding aspect of your job?

The payoff for doing what we do comes from the final product. It’s nice to look back at a structure and see everyone’s efforts memorialized in something that many people outside of construction either take for granted or look at and wonder how that was constructed. The people we work with from job to job are really a cast of characters and it adds an aspect that I don’t think anyone outside of this industry experiences. I’ve also met some great people in this business which wouldn’t have happened otherwise.

If you could pick any AB project throughout history to work on, which would It be and why?

The Vegas Wheel. I used to get the weekly picture reports from Hokey (legendary AB Superintendent) and it would amaze me. I know there was a lot of planning and engineering involved from the whole staff, and the concept that you’re building something for people to enjoy is an added benefit. Moreover, it was a very visual job that really showcased American Bridge’s talents.

Tell us something people may not know about you.

I wish I could sing and headline a heavy metal band.

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TITLE HERE FEATURE PHOTO

Tappan Zee Bridge in Black and White Assistant Project Manager David Nagy snapped this picture as the main span of the old Tappan Zee Bridge made its slow retreat from its former home. Built by American Bridge in 1955, the cantilevered truss is being dismantled as part of the new Tappan Zee Hudson River Crossing project. Teams utilized strand jacks and a carefully-engineered sequence to accomplish the lowering.

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TITLE HERE NEW EMPLOYEES

NEW EMPLOYEES Kathryn Harrigan Project

Patrick Aylmer General Foreman,

Madison Dugina Staff

Administrator, SR 679 (Pinellas

SR 679 (Pinellas Bayway)

Accountant, Coraopolis, PA

Bayway) Structure E, Pinellas

Structure E, Pinellas County, FL Kayley Adams Field Engineer,

County, FL Nicholas List Senior Project

Third Street Bridge Rehabilitation,

Dennis Suh Assistant Project

Manager, SR 11 Lake Pontchartrain

San Francsico, CA

Manager, SR 520 Montlake to

Bridge Rehabilitation,

Lake Washington I/C and Bridge

Baton Rouge, LA

Replacement, Seattle, WA

Carmelo Chavez Assistant Project Manager, SR 520 Montlake

Joseph Schuck General Foreman,

to Lake Washington I/C and

St. Kitts Cruise Pier, St. Kitts

Bridge Replacement, Seattle, WA

Roadway Replacement,

Bohua Wang Field Specialist,

Davin Hazirjian Project Manager,

New York, NY

Edmonton Valley Light Rail

Tappan Zee Hudson River

Tawatina Bridge, Alberta, Canada

Crossing, Tarrytown, NY

Superintendent, Washington

Alexandra Hyska Field Specialist,

Jordan Spano Field Engineer,

State Convention Center Addition,

Edmonton Valley Light Rail

Coraopolis, PA

Seattle, WA

Tawatina Bridge, Alberta, Canada

Jamie Wu Field Engineer,

Beth Habazin Receptionist,

Queensboro Bridge Upper

Coraopolis, PA

John Wilson Safety Supervisor, Queensboro Bridge Upper

Ronald Utley Project

James Van Horn General

Denis Nyakeriga Field Engineer,

Roadway Replacement, New York, NY Bracken Murray HR Generalist,

Manprett Sra Field Specialist,

Washington State Convention

Edmonton Valley Light Rail

Center Addition, Seattle, WA

Tawatina Bridge, Alberta, Canada Cecilee Wade Project

Coraopolis, PA Michael Mejaki Project Engineer,

Counsel, Coraopolis, PA

Paul Prowant General Foreman,

Administrator, Washington State

St. Kitts Cruise Pier, St. Kitts

Convention Center Addition,

Queensboro Bridge Upper

Seattle, WA

Roadway Replacement,

Brian Pizer Senior Financial

New York, NY

Analyst, Coraopolis, PA

Gregory Garvin Senior ECM System Administrator, Coraopolis,

Matthew Rolf HSE Manager I,

Sara Horsey Construction

Washington State Convention

Scheduler, Coraopolis, PA Mick Preston Field Engineer, SR

Center Addition, Seattle, WA James Wells General Foreman, St. Kitts Cruise Pier, St. Kitts

20

PA

Chavis Lunceford Estimating

520 Montlake to Lake Washington

Manager, Coraopolis, PA

I/C and Bridge Replacement, Seattle, WA

Andrey Novikov Assistant Project

Sean Aho Project Engineer, SR 520

Richard Henderson Chief Operating

Manager, SR 520 Montlake to

Montlake to Lake Washington I/C

Officer, Coraopolis, PA

Lake Washington I/C and Bridge

and Bridge Replacement, Seattle, WA Sarah Olsen Field Engineer,

Replacement, Seattle, WA Oscar Camacho Project Engineer,

Washington State Convention

Matthew Nowaczek Field Engineer,

SR 679 (Pinellas Bayway) Structure

Center Addition, Seattle, WA

Verrazano Bridge Main Cable &

E, Pinellas County, FL Cesar Alvarado Field Engineer,

Suspender Rope Inspection, New York, NY Madeleine Hughan Field Engineer,

Miguel Garcia Project Engineer,

Verrazano Bridge Main Cable &

Washington State Convention

Suspender Rope Inspection,

Center Addition, Seattle, WA

New York, NY

Washington State Convention

ABIT OF NEWS

Center Addition, Seattle, WA

ABIT OF NEWS Welcoming AB’s Chief Operating Officer In September, AB welcomed Richard Henderson, PE as COO. Rich brings over 25 years of experience in the heavy civil and construction materials industries holding roles from estimator to Area Manager and Project Controls Director.

Most recently, he served as Vice President of Webber Group and Managing Director of Southern Crushed Concrete, the largest concrete recycling operation in Texas. Upon joining the company he said, “I am really excited about the opportunity to be part of a company with such a rich history and to be a part of American Bridge’s next chapter.” Welcome, Rich!

Jim Van Horn joins AB as General Counsel Jim joined the AB team in June after moving back to Pittsburgh from Northern Virginia. He is an experienced general counsel and construction attorney, having spent the last 15 years in the engineering and construction industries. His work spans both US and international matters.

He has managed State, Federal and private contracts in addition to corporate law. In addition, he also authored “Driven to Team: A Brief Look into Joint Ventures in Pursuit of Government Contracts” which was published in The Federal Lawyer magazine. AB is excited to have Jim as a part of our team!

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ABIT OF NEWS dehumidification, main cable elastomeric wrap installation, roadway and sidewalk reconstruction and anchorage vault roof construction. Leading the team is Katherine Quillin-Bucek, Dave Geesaman, Joe Tumas, Wade Barie, and Aaron Patton who employed exemplary safety practices throughout the project to make sure everyone went home safe.

Peace Bridge Rehabilitation On Friday, June 21 the newly-renovated Peace Bridge fully opened to traffic. The bridge, located between Buffalo, NY and Fort Erie, ON, spans the Niagara River and connects the United States and Canada.

AB crews braved challenging winter conditions to complete the scope of work that included roadway replacement, steel superstructure strengthening and widening, rehabilitation of the approaches, and lighting and electronic lane control replacement. Despite the notorious Buffalo winters, crews finished the project safely and on time.

Edmonton Valley Light Rail Tawatina Bridge Project This year the team celebrated another safety milestone (see Issue #1010) going two years without a recordable injury! Leading the team is Kara Mullin, Bruce Young, and Ryan Drebert. The project, which is located in Alberta, Canada, includes demolition of an existing pedestrian bridge and construction of an 853foot (260 m), three span extradose cable-stayed bridge and pedestrian walkway over the North Sakatchewan River for the Edmonton LRT. Delaware Memorial Bridge Dehumidification Design-Build This year American Bridge was awarded the ENR Mid-Atlantic Region Award of Merit for Highway/Bridges by Engineering News-Record. For this project, AB partnered with WSP (formerly Ammann & Whitney) to design, build, and install a dehumidification system on the 3,650-foot, twin span suspension bridge. The modified design-build project will protect the main cables from corrosion in order to extend their service life. In 2014, the project was only the second contract of its kind in North America.

Joseph Rynn earned his New York PE. Already a PE in Pennsylvania, Joe is a Senior Project Engineer working on the Queensboro Bridge Upper Roadway Replacement spanning the East River in New York.

South 10th Street Bridge Rehabilitation and Dehumidification Project In September, the project team celebrated two years without a recordable or lost-time injury! The scope of work includes main cable and anchorage

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CONTRACTS

CURRENT CONTRACTS WV Corridor H – Kerens to U.S. 219 Tucker/Randolph Counties, West Virginia Edmonton Valley Light Rail Tawatina Bridge Edmonton, Alberta, Canada South 10th Street Bridge Rehabilitation and Cable Dehumidification Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Coco Cay Pier Development Little Stirrup Cay, Bahamas SR 11: Lake Pontchartrain Bridge Rehabilitation Slidell, Louisiana Pinellas Bayway Structure E St. Petersburg, Florida Veterans Drive Rehabilitation St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands Forth Road Bridge Expansion Joint Replacement Edinboro, Scotland, United Kingdom Verrazano Bridge – Main Cable & Suspender Rope Inspection New York, New York Washington State Convention Center Addition Seattle, Washington St. Kitts Cruise Pier Basseterre, Saint Kitts Anthony Wayne Bridge Dehumidification Toledo, Ohio SR 520 Montlake to Lake Washington I/C and Bridge Replacement Seattle, Washington 40 Ave. NE Over Placido Bayou Bridge No. 157154 St. Petersburg, Florida Third Street Bridge Rehabilitation Project San Francisco, California Queensboro Bridge Upper Roadway Replacement Long Island City, New York Delaware Memorial Bridge Pin and Link Upgrades New Castle, Delaware St. George Ferry Terminal Slips 3,4,5, & 6 Staten Island, New York I-235 from NW 50th St I/C to NW 63rd St Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Lewis and Clark Viaduct Kansas City, Kansas Peace Bridge Rehabilitation Buffalo, New York and Fort Erie, Ontario

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FLASHBACKS

FLASHBACKS

WOOLWORTH BUILDING

EMPIRE STATE BUILDING

Location: New York City, NY

Location: New York City, NY

Completion Date: 04/30/1913

Completion Date: 08/04/1930

AB Order #: C-4200

AB Order #: F-6450

The Woolworth Building was conceived by Frank W.

In January 1930, AB was awarded the structural steel

Woolworth, the founder of the “Five-and-Dimes” stores,

package for the iconic Empire State Building. As general

to be the company’s headquarters. In September 1910,

contractor, AB erected 54,000 tons of structural steel

construction began and by October 1911, the first above-

which was fabricated at the Ambridge, PA plant. The

ground steel was erected. AB supplied steel, fabricated,

project involved more that 3,500 workers at its peak,

and erected the 60-story office building. The steel came

erecting the frame in only 20 weeks and building four

from AB’s foundries in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh and

and a half stories per week. When the building officially

took 45 weeks to manufacture. July 1912 saw the official

opened on May 1, 1931, it surpassed both the Woolworth

topping out ceremony, two weeks ahead of schedule.

and Chrysler Buildings as the tallest in the world at

The building officially opened in April 1913 and broke

1,454 feet. In 1955, the American Society of Engineers

the record as the tallest in the world at 792 feet. It

selected the Empire State Building as one of the seven

has been a National Historic Landmark since 1966 and

greatest engineering achievements in American history.

a designated New York City landmark since 1983. It

Today, it is the 5th tallest completed skyscraper in the

remains one of the 100 tallest buildings in the U.S. and

U.S. and 45th tallest in the world.

one of the 30 tallest buildings in New York City.

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BAYONNE BRIDGE Location: Staten Island, NY / Bayonne, NJ

VERRAZANO NARROWS BRIDGE

Completion Date: 03/14/1931

Location: Brooklyn / Staten Island, NY

AB Order #: F-5730-2

Completion Date: 11/21/1964 AB Order #: V-4803-13, V-6520-36, V-6967

On November 21, 1928, AB was awarded the contract

When built, the Verrazano Narrows Bridge bonded the

to fabricate and erect the steelwork for the Bayonne

five New York boroughs, expressways, turnpikes, and

Bridge. The arch was erected using temporary steel

thruways of the Northeast to bypass the congested

bent falsework and a kingpost to assist in maximizing

Manhattan streets. AB held the prime construction

the cantilever reach. A traveling A-frame derrick with

contract for the cables and suspended spans. The

a 90-ton capacity and a single boom of 70 feet was

scope entailed the largest airspinning of cables on a

also used for arch erection. Once completed in 1931, it

project. The four main cables are 36 inches in diameter

broke the record as the longest steel arch bridge in the

and contain 38,469 tons of wire, which would stretch

world with an arch span of 1,675 feet and a total length

143,000 miles. AB also fabricated and erected the

of 5,780 feet. Today, it is the fifth longest arch bridge

6,690-foot-long suspended truss which weighs 44,000

in the world based on the main span length. It ranks

tons. From 1964 until 1981, it held the record as the

second in the U.S. behind the New River Gorge Bridge

longest suspension bridge in the world with a central

(AB Order # K-5867-81) in West Virginia which was also

span of 4,260 feet and a total length of 13,700 feet.

constructed by AB.

Today, it is still the longest suspension bridge in the U.S. and the 15th longest in the world.

25

TITLE HERE EXTENDED FLASHBACK

CROSSING HELL’S GATE AB Order #: C-4699-4700 Completion Date: September 1916 Owner: NY Connecting RR Co.

1898. New York has just been

establishing their headquarters in

The four-lane swing bridge crossed

consolidated into five boroughs:

the city, new transportation links

the Harlem River, connecting

Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, The

were needed, and quickly. From

Manhattan to The Bronx. This bridge

Bronx, and Staten Island. Over 3.4

that point on, construction began

became the first of many that AB

million people were living within

on skyscrapers and transportation

would construct to help build New

these boroughs, with more arriving

infrastructure signifying industrial

York City’s transportation network.

every day. With the consolidation,

and commerical growth of the

AB would become a part of New

New York City had the highest

newly united city. A product of this

York and New Jersey’s history by

population in the United States and

growth was a cheaper, higher quality

working on several historic bridges

was the first to surpass three million

construction material: steel. A new

and buildings that broke records

residents.

era of modern industry had begun.

for being the tallest, longest, and heaviest. These structures

Before 1900, there were only seven

1901. The newly-established

included the Empire State Building,

bridges and one tunnel to carry

American Bridge Company enters

Woolworth Building, Verrazano

traffic between the five boroughs.

the New York construction market

Narrows Bridge, Bayonne Bridge, and

With immigrants arriving daily

with the the 145th Street Bridge.

the aptly-named Hell Gate Bridge.

at Staten Island and businesses

26

In 1614, a Dutch explorer navigated

Railroad (HR&PC). The plan was

up the East River through what is

to have the HR&PC cross the East

now known as the strait between

River between The Bronx and

Randall’s Island and Astoria Park.

Queens and eventually connect to

Because of the clear opening and

the East River Tunnels and Penn

strong currents, he used the phrase

Station. However, this plan would

“Hellegat” to describe the waterway.

require building a bridge to carry rail

This name stuck as explorers

tracks over the East River.

continued to sail through the strait and recognized the hazardous

Architect Henry Hornbostel

conditions that included rocks and

and engineer Gustav Lindenthal

tumultuous currents. This phrase

conceived the bridge that would

evolved into Hell Gate.

connect Astoria, Queens to Ward

View from the deck

and Randall’s Islands. Hornbostel Prior to the Hell Gate Bridge being

and Lindenthal’s design consisted

thousands of feet of viaduct

built, freight trains and trucks

of three bridges and several miles

approaches, also modeled after

stopped at a rail terminal and

of viaducts. The bridges included

Romanesque arches and aqueducts.

transferred their shipments onto

a fixed metal truss bridge over

floating barges to travel on the East

the Bronx Kill between the Bronx

Before becoming known as the Hell

River to New Jersey and beyond.

and Randall’s Island, the Little Hell

Gate Bridge, it was named the New

This caused the narrow waterway to

Gate skew-deck four-span reverse

York Connecting Railroad Bridge.

become congested, overcrowded,

bowstring between Wards and

Construction began in July of 1912.

and rife with safety issues A safer

Randall’s Islands, and the iconic

AB was awarded the contract for

and more efficient alternative had to

span over Hell Gate that would

the fabrication and erection bridge,

be devised.

connect Queens to Ward and

which included a 978-foot arch

Randall’s Islands.

main span, deck, and 63 approach

In the early 1900s, spurred by the

spans. The overall length of the

industrial growth of New York City,

The four-track bridge over the

entire structure is 16,900 feet, or

the idea began to form of linking

Hell Gate is a through arch,

just over three miles. The bridge and

the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR)

beginning below the main deck and

viaducts were constructed of steel,

with the New York, New Haven, and

peaking above it. The main span

the towers of steel and masonry,

Hartford Railroad (New Haven).

is supported by a steel bowstring

and the piers for the viaducts of

truss arch and is anchored to

reinforced concrete. Because of the

The link between the regions would also include the

massive towers covered with stone

robust design and high carbon steel

Harlem River and

masonry. The stone towers of the

composition, it has an expected life

Port Chester

bridge above the road deck don’t

span of 1,000 years.

serve a structural function and were designed to complete the

The towers on the Queens’ side

overall aesthetics. The design was

of the bridge sit on solid bedrock

chosen to mimic a Roman

reaching only 15 to 18 feet below the

triumphal arch and was

ground level. However, the Wards

only made possible by the

Island tower utilizes 15, 18-foot

use of the high-quality

diameter caissons to provide solid

steel that was being

footing for the tower reaching down

developed. On either side

between 94 and 123 feet.

of the main span extends

Construction of the Hell Gate Bridge

27

1901

Pocantico Hills

1906

Woolworth Building

1913

halves were joined, backstays were used as counterweights to

Hell Gate Bridge

1916

keep the structures balanced. By the time the two structures

Yankee Stadium

1923

Several 300-ton jacks and gusset plates were used to secure

Empire State Building

1930

Bayonne Bridge

1931

Chrysler Building

1931

Triborough Bridge

1931

Bronx-Whitestone Bridge

1939

United Nations Building

1949

Tappan Zee Bridge

1955

bridge the longest, but it also held the record as the heaviest

Arthur Kill Railroad Bridge

1959

with over 80,000 tons of steel being used in construction.

Throgs Neck Bridge

1961

Today, the Hell Gate Bridge is the 17th longest main steel-arch

Verrazano Narrows Bridge

1964

span in the world.

Williamsburg Bridge

1997

George Washington Bridge Hanger Replacement

2000

Bayonne Bridge Secondary Floor Beam Repairs

2004

BUILT BY AB: NEW YORK CITY ICONS

145th Street Swing Bridge

When erecting the arch, AB did not use falsework. Instead, the arch was built outward simultaneously from each abutment in two halves until the superstructures met at the crown. Until the

met, there was only a 5/16th inch gap when closing the arch. the two sections of the arch together permanently. Once completed, it was estimated that over one million rivets were used. The rivets used have the longest grip—over nine inches— of any bridge in New York City.

Upon completion in September 1916, the bridge broke the record for the longest main steel arch span in the world at 1,017 feet. It held that title for 15 years until the Bayonne Bridge, also built by American Bridge, opened in 1931. Not only was the

AB has and continues to play a major role in New York and New Jersey’s infrastructure growth. Between the two states, AB has constructed or rehabilitated 187 structures. The most notable bridges include the Bronx-Whitestone, Throgs Neck, George Washington, RFK Triborough, Spuyten Duyvil, Arthur Kill Railroad Bridge, Tacony-Palmyra, Tappan Zee Hudson

FK Triborough Bridge Rehabilitation R

/ Deck Replacement

2004

River Crossing, and Queensboro. These structures make up

HX Drawbridge Rehabilitation

2006

evolution of the New York City area construction market and

Bronx-Whitestone Bridge Structural Improvements

2009

RFK Triborough Bridge Miscellaneous Structural Repairs

2011

George Washington Bridge Span Upper Level Structural Steel Rehabilitation

2015

Tacony-Palmyra

Mechanical Rehabilitation

2017

Spuyten Duyvil Bridge Rehabilitation

2018

2018

Tappan Zee Hudson River Crossing Project

surrounding communities, so we may continue to develop

Verrazano Narrows Bridge Main Cables & Suspender Rope Inspection

2018

2019

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Queensboro Bridge Upper Roadway Replacement

an important part of our history, and give us insight into the

innovative solutions for infrastructure needs.

BRIDGE TO SAFETY

EXTREME

WEATHER CONDITIONS When thinking of dangerous

Heat Cramps

weather events, tornadoes,

Heat cramps occur due to

hurricanes, and other natural

dehydration and large amounts

disasters come to mind. However,

of salt loss through exercise or

more fatalities than

extreme temperatures—both heat

strenuous activity. Some signs to

hurricanes (7),

and cold—are often disregarded

watch out for include muscle pains

as significant health risks. Heat

or spasms in the stomach, arms,

has been the deadliest weather

or legs. If you or a coworker are

condition over the last 30 years.

experiencing these symptoms,

In 2018, cold and heat both caused

tornadoes (10), and lightning (20).

notify a supervisor immediately and Weather conditions such as the

get to a cooler location and out of

heat and cold can affect anyone.

the sun. Remove excess clothing

However, construction workers are

and take sips of cool sports drinks

especially vulnerable due to very

with salt and sugar. If the cramps

nature of their work taking place

last more than an hour, it’s time to

almost exclusively outdoors.

seek medical help.

Heat Exhaustion Heat exhaustion typically occurs after a person has been exposed to high temperatures and is dehydrated. Signs to be aware of include heavy sweating, paleness, muscle cramps, tiredness, weakness, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, or fainting. If these signs are recognized, tell a supervisor immediately and get to an airconditioned place and lie down. Hydrate by sipping cool sports drinks, loosen or remove clothing, or

Teams poured Pier Cap 14 on the Pinellas Bayway Structure E in the early morning hours, due to Tampa’s extreme heat.

29

take a cool shower. Get medical help if

Frostbite

symptoms worsen or last over an hour.

Frostbite can occur when extremities like your fingers, toes, ears, and nose are

Heat Stroke

exposed to cold temperatures for long

AB job sites in Florida,

Heat stroke, also known as sunstroke, is

periods of time, if you’re at a high altitude,

St. Kitts, St. Thomas,

the most serious heat-related illness and

or if you’re in a cold, windy environment.

and Louisiana take

a medical emergency. If not recognized, it

Some signs of frostbite include pain or

lots of steps to reduce

can damage the brain and other internal

tingling, redness, a blue or splotchy look,

risk of heat illnesses.

organs and even cause death. It can occur

and blisters. If severe and left untreated,

These measures include

as a progression from heat cramps or

damage to body tissue could occur. To

rotating employees

exhaustion, or it can strike without any

help prevent against frostbite, be aware

for heavy physical

previous signs.

of the weather forecast, bring an extra set

tasks, setting up tents

of clothes, stay hydrated, and recognize

to shade work areas,

Symptoms include an extremely high

the signs—both for yourself and your

drinking ice water,

body temperature (above 103 degrees);

colleagues!

taking extra breaks, and

red, hot, and dry skin with no sweat; rapid,

even snacking on cold

strong pulse; dizziness; confusion; or

Hypothermia

dill pickles at lunch to

unconsciousness. If you notice these signs,

Normal body temperature is around 98.6

restore electrolytes.

call 911 or get the person to a hospital

degrees. Hypothermia occurs when the

immediately. While waiting for help, place

body loses heat faster than it can produce

the worker in a shady or cool area, apply

it. If your internal temperature dips below

ice packs or ice, provide fluids, and stay

95 degrees, organs begin to lose their

with the worker until medical help arrives.

ability to function. You’re particularly at risk for hypothermia when you’re exposed

AB crews working on the Peace Bridge Rehabilitation project in Buffalo, NY know that the peak of winter there can be brutal.

High winds, snow, and freezing temperatures can make conditions on a bridge even more difficult. The team used their OSHA

Cold Stress

to freezing temperatures or cold water.

Wind Chill describes the rate of heat loss

If you or a colleague is experiencing

on the body resulting from the combined

symptoms like uncontrollable shivering,

effect of low temperatures and wind.

memory loss, disorientation, incoherence,

As winds increase, heat is carried away

slurred speech, drowsiness, and apparent

from the body at a faster rate, reducing

exhaustion, immediately call 911. If you

both skin temperature and internal

can, move the person to a warm place,

body temperature and inducing cold

but do not apply direct heat! Be gentle

stress. Signs of cold stress can include

with them and avoid sudden or jarring

tingling, aching, numbness, redness or

movements.

blistering. Always plan ahead by wearing the appropriate clothing, taking breaks

Always be aware of current and predicted

when needed, and working in pairs. If

weather conditions, and look out for your

left untreated, cold stress could lead to

colleagues, friends, and family. Stay safe

frostbite and hypothermia.

out there!

training, utilized several layers of clothing, and were aware of their surroundings to reduce potential injuries, hazards, and illnesses.

30

Peace Bridge teams battled the snowy and cold Buffalo, NY winters.

CONNECTIONS CONTRIBUTORS EDITOR Heather Engbretson CONTRIBUTORS Ashley Poore Rob Conroy Chris Deklewa Nate Flowers Ron Fontenot Kara Mullin Kwadwo Osei-Akoto Adam Reeve Dan Schwarz Brant Wietasch GRAPHIC DESIGN www.TaraHoover.com

Fraud & Ethics Hotline: 888-247-3198

info@americanbridge.net 412-631-1000

www.AmericanBridge.net

1000 American Bridge Way Coraopolis, PA 15108 United States of America - FEATURE Thousands of Miles Away, Work Hits Home

Issue #1011

29 - BRIDGE TO SAFETY Extreme Weather Conditions

26 - EXTENDED FLASHBACK Crossing Hell’s Gate

24 - FLASHBACKS Woolworth Building, Empire State Building, and more

23 - CURRENT CONTRACTS

21 - ABIT OF NEWS

20 - NEW EMPLOYEES

18 - FEATURE PHOTO Tappan Zee Bridge in Black and White

16 - FEATURED EMPLOYEE Rob Conroy

4

INSIDE THIS ISSUE

CONNECTIONS