Full Booklet - Centering Under The Canopy

Centering Under the Canopy A Sports Medicine Clinic in a Soccer Academy Accra, Ghana Allison Kelly + Rachel Stagner

1

Context and Site

Ghana is a western country of Africa situated on the Gulf on Guinea. The population of roughly 27 million people are kind, relaxed, and open. They are proud of their culture, and very much respect one another. Especially their children, and their elders.

Ghana is a leading country in Africa because of its natural wealth and it was the first black African country south of the Sahara to achieve independence from colonial rule.

Ghana is known for its lushes forests, and diversity in animal life. Ghana has a heavy dependency on its primary product exports: cocoa, gold, and timber. Accra is the largest city in Ghana with a population of 2.27 million people. It also acts as the administrative capital.

Traditional architecture in sub-Saharan Africa is based around local materials consisting of wood, earth, and thatch. They are symbols of tradition, and sustainability.

The overall structures are borrowed from the vernacular methods. Taking advantage of natural ventilation is key in this tropical climate, as well as shading, and rainwater harvesting. Some traditional construction methods include using sun-dried bricks, Atakpame walls, and Wattle and Daub techniques.

The climate is tropical, therefore it is very hot and humid.

Due to Accra being an equatorial city, you can expect long days, and a lot of sunshine with constant temperatures.

After some research, it was clear that Accra is susceptible to becoming a food desert. The destruction of farmland, and the post harvest losses contribute to this. It is also clear that there is not a lot of support in regards to mental health.

These are two topics we will dive into deeper, as they have been considered as the focus for our community outreach portion of our program.

2

Context and Site

0 3

0.5

1.5

4.5mi

Climate

Temperature Month

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Min (F)

73

75

75

75

75

73

73

72

72

75

75

73

Max (F)

90

91

91

90

88

84

84

82

84

88

90

90

Precipitation Month

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Year

Prec (in)

0.6

1.4

3

3.1

5.7

7.7

2

0.6

1.6

3.1

1.6

0.8

31.1

Days

1

2

5

5

9

11

5

3

5

7

3

2

58

Month

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Hours

11:46

11:54

12:04

12:15

12:25

12:29

12:27

12:19

12:09

11:57

11:48

11:44

Sunshine

Sea Temperature Month

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Temp (F)

81

82

82

84

84

81

77

75

77

81

82

82

Month

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

%

78

80

80

81

82

86

87

87

85

85

82

81

Humidity

4

Climate

MARCH

JUNE

DECEMBER

SEPTEMBER

5

GROCERY PHYSICAL THERAPY CLINIC PARK HOSPITAL MENTAL HEALTH

6

Context

Context

When researching Accra, and all that it has to offer, it was important to understand the context around the site. After analyzing the context, it was decided that our community outreach would be geared towards food security, and or mental health. Food insecurity is an issue in Ghana, as Accra develops, it destroys farmland around the city, leaving it increasingly more vulnerable to food insecurity.

Roughly 40% of their food budget is street food. Another reason food insecurity is an issue is because Ghana is attributable to a greater percentage of post harvest loss.

There are not many psychiatrists in Ghana, in fact, there were only 18 to 25 psychiatrists as of 2018. Most of these psychiatrists are located in Accra, where they were in hospitals or specialized units.

The lack of resources intrigues the idea to create community outreach opportunities to help the citizens of Ghana live healthier lifestyles, physically and mentally.

7

Major Research Findings

Through research, it was very evident that mental health is not a main ficus in Ghana. The country does not have the resources to help everyone affected, hence the 98% treatment gap.

Another driving factor in our design was the food insecurity surrounding Accra. A major point we found was that as the city develops, the more farmland in destroyed.

The decision to keep most on the existing tree cover was influenced by this.

8

Research

Ghana 0.0003%

Ghana 0.5% USA 5%

USA 30% WORLD’S PSYCHIATRISTS

WORLD POPULATION

Everyone Else 70%

Everyone Else 94.5%

IN GHANA 1 PSYCHIATRIST

1.5 MILLION PEOPLE

IN UNITED STATES 1 PSYCHIATRIST

TREATMENT GAP IN GHANA 98% of people do not recieve help when dealing with a mental illness

9

6,250 PEOPLE

While Ghana does not struggle to produce their own food, Accra’s expansion as a city acts as a threat to available farmland. As the city expands, urban farming can act as a replacement for the lost farmland.

While agriculture helps to feed people, the act of growing plants, and therefore one’s own food, is beneficial to mental health. By having daily exposure to green spaces, one’s mental health can improve.

10

Research

11

Bob Ditty https://www.archdaily.com/928402/mount-sinai-kyabirwa-surgical-facility-kliment-halsband-architects 12

Mount Sinai Kyabirwa Surgical Facility

Mount Sinai Kyabirwa Surgical Facility, Kliment Halsband Architects Located in Uganda, this facility uses a solar panel array as a larger canopy for the complex. This allows for shading, energy collection, and air circulation out of the canopy.

The main courtyard provides a space for families to gather and wait; culturally, families will wait outside and together while someone is receiving a medical procedure. There are also more private waiting rooms that use a perforated brick to allow for natural ventilation. All of the brick used on this project was made locally with local labor and materials, helping to promote community wellbeing economically.

13

Irene Librando, Nadia Peruggi, Lucile Bitz, Antonella Mennella https://www.archdaily.com/911206/kali-pavilion-irene-librando-and-nadia-peruggi 14

Kali Pavilion

Kali Pavilion, Irene Librando and Nadia Peruggi This classroom creates an intimate space that has thermal protection because of thick rammed earth walls, while allowing for air circulation through screened walls on the north and south walls. The roof is lifted from the walls to allow for hot air to escape outside. Students in the room stay cool and comfortable.

The slatted wood screens are influenced by the design of kente cloth. Because of the use of local wood, the screens could be made nearby and avoid using imported materials.

The use of local materials helps the project fit into the context, as well as take advantage of local labor to avoid outsourcing. By providing work to the community, new skills that were learned can be used on future projects.

15

Midterm Design

Midterm Design Our initial design differs from our final design in a few ways.

Our location was more publicly sited and included the main public entryway into the academy complex. We incorporated an integrated track on our second level; the public and private aspects of the building were more defined with a distinct cut off of access between student and community spaces.

Our master plan focused on a closer relationship between the three buildings and the main game day field was located in the center of them all; this allows for students to always have their mind on the game.

16

Centering Under the Canopy

Allison Kelly + Rachel Stagner

17

Master Plan

Midterm Master Plan

Active + Public

Master Plan 18

Quiet + Private

0’

100’

200’

400’

800’

` 54

19

Canopy

Midterm Canopy Concept

Natural + Man-made

or

TRAINING

H+W

RESIDENCES

tree as transition

20

“canopy” as tree 6 21

Midterm Site Sections

Public Market

Public Field

Academy Field

Site Section, Northwest

Public Market

Main Field

Site Section, Center

Garden

Site Section, South 22

Agr

Active + Public

7

Centered + Academy Complex

8

ricultural Field

Private + Quiet 23

Program

Midterm Program

Wellness Building Lobby Reception Security Waiting Public Restrooms

200 200 870 80

200 200 870 160 1,430

185 185 185 160 490 5,650 2,780 3,850 865 815 880 1,251

740 740 185 320 490 5,650 2,780 3,850 865 815 880 1,250 17,685

600 235 255 600

1,200 235 255 600 2,290

80 1,755 6,575 160

160 1,755 6,575 960 13,655

Subtotal Gross-Up 30%

35,060 10,520

Sports Medicine Clinic Exam Rooms x4 Physician Office x4 Medical Supply Massage Therapy x2 Hydrotherapy Flex Area Indoor Track Outdoor Track Patient Locker Room Staff Locker and Break Informal Gathering Meditation Space Nutrition Kitchen Classroom x2 Cold Food Storage Dry Food Storage Wash + Waste Community Outreach Classroom x3 Outdoor Meeting Space Public Market Space Community Therapy x6

Total 45,580 24

11 25

Site Plan

Midterm Site Plan

Public Marketplace

Connection to Training

Main Field

Local Development of Site

26

Connection to Residences 20’

40’

80’

160’

12 27

Floor Plans

Midterm First Floor

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

10

9

12

11

13

A B

2

UP

C

7

D E

1

G

4

7

5

UP

1 Flex Space

5 Hydrotherapy Pool

9 Community Classroom

13 Kitchen BOH

2 Staff Break

6 Public Restroom

10 Community Meeting

14 Food Storage

3 Student Lockers

7 Meditation Space

11 Community Marketplace

4 Massage Therapy

8 Lobby

12 Learning Kitchen

First Floor Plan

28

3

5

UP UP

15

17

16

18 14

19

8 20

3

21

9

6

9 9

7

F

11

22

10

23

12 12

24

13

14

14

e

UP DN UP UP

I

H

J K

20’

40’

80’

160’

13 29

Midterm Second Floor

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

10

8 9

12 11

A B

DN

DN

C D DN

E UP DN

DN

DN

1 Running Track

5 Public Therapy Offices

2 Staff Offices

6 Public Therapy Room

3 Medical Supply Storage

7 Public Occupiable Roof

4 Exam Rooms, Student

Second Floor Plan

30

15

16

17 18

13

14

19

20 DN

21

N

UP

22

F G

23

24

DN

DN DN

DN

DN

I K

20’

40’

80’

H

J

160’

14 31

Midterm Elevations

Elevation

32

South Elevation

North Elevation

33

15

Midterm Sections

Public

Student Clinic

Student Clinic

34

Main Field East Facing Transverse Section

16

Lobby

Community Spaces

North Facing Longitudinal Section

35

Midterm Cooling System

Cooling System 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

10 9

12 11

A B

DN

D

C D DN

E UP DN

DN

DN

Earth Tube Passive Cooling System

36

15

16

17 18

13

14

19

20 DN

21

DN

UP

22

F G

23

24

DN

DN DN

DN

DN

I K

H

J

Underneath the graded landscape, earth tubes will be laid out in order to cool air as it goes into the flex space, clinic rooms, and kitchens. The chimneys on top of these spaces create a heat suction that brings out the cooler air from the ground without using any outside energy.

37

Midterm Shadow Studies

Canopy Shadows

Shadow Study

Winter Solstice 19

38

Canopy Shadows

Shadow Study

Summer Solstice 20

39

Avonometric Wall Construction

Midterm Room Construction

Clinical Treatment Room

40

Solar Array Canopy

Concrete Occupiable Roof

Ventilation Chimney, glass with operable hatch to release hot air Rammed Earth Walls, 12� thick Translucent Glass Steel Bracing Wood Screen, for privacy and light filtration

21 41

Exterior Views

Midterm Render - Berm Approach

42

Ramp going up to viewing roof 22 43

Midterm Render - Community Gathering

44

Looking Northwest 23 45

Midterm Render - Community Market

Interior View

46

Student Clinic 47

24

Midterm Render - Berm Approach

48

Learning Kitchens and Community Gathering Space 25 49

Midterm - Model Photos

50

51

Program Lobby Reception 200 Security 200 Waiting 870 Public Restrooms 160

Sports Medicine Clinic

1,430

Exam Rooms x4 740 Physician Office x4 740 Medical Supply 185 Massage Therapy x2 320 Hydrotherapy 490 Flex Area 5,650 Indoor Track 2,780 Outdoor Track 3,850 Patient Locker Room 865 Staff Locker and Break 815 Informal Gathering 880 Meditation Space 1,250 17,685

Nutrition Kitchen Classroom x2 1,200 Cold Food Storage 235 Dry Food Storage 255 Wash + Waste 600

2,290 Community Outreach Classroom x3 160 Outdoor Meeting Space 1,755 Public Market Space 6,575 Community Therapy x6 960

13,655

Subtotal Gross-Up 30%

35,060 10,520

Total 45,580

52

Program

53

Design Thesis

We strive to create a net-zero project that will produce physically and mentally strong, educated students, while also supporting the surrounding community; by promoting comprehensive wellness, it is our hope to help educate students and the community on how to live healthier lifestyles with innovative and meaningful design.

8

you r s lf e

cent er

Private

9

Community Therapy

Community Gathering

Nutrition

Sports Clinic

Flex Space

Active

Peaceful

Thesis

Public

10

Master Plan and Site Development

11

Master Plan and Site Development

Training Center

Active + Public

12

Residential Complex Health + Wellness Center

Terraced Agriculture

Quiet + Private

13

Zoning Plan

Commercial

School

14

Residential

15

Site Sections

STREET+ COMMUNITY MARKET

GAME DAY FIELD + STADIUM

HEALTH + WELLNESS CENTER

MEDITATION SPACE As the player moves through the site, the amount of space dedicated to nature increases. The progression of the site goes from active and soccer focused, to inwardly focused. Chaotic to serene.

16

AG

M

/ PRACTICE FIELD

GRICULTURE FIELDS

17

Perspectives

18

19

Community Agriculture Fields

20

21

Public Approach

22

23

Community Health Clinic

24

25

Looking Toward Community Field

26

27

Design Development

28

twist ends toward training center and residential

push down courtyards and breezeways

pull up land to building

lift canopy up over building

29

Floor Plans

11

6 5 4 8

3 7

1

First Floor Plan

70

7

2

14

16 18

12 15

17

13

10

9

1 Flex Space

10 Kitchen Classroom

2 Trainer Office

11 Public Market Space

3 Bathroom

12 Community Classrooms

4 Sports Therapy

13 Community Gathering

5 Hydro Therapy

14 Therapy Lobby

6 Student Lockers

15 Therapy Office

7 Staff Lockers

16 Group Therapy

8 Student Gathering

17 Individual Therapy

9 Running Track

18 Storage

71

Floor Plans

Shared

First Floor Zoning

72

Community

Academy

73

Floor Plans

UP

1

Second Floor Plan

74

2

1 Flex Space 2 Occupiable Roof

75

Shadow Studies

Summer Solstice 8am

Summer Solstice 12pm

Summer Solstice 4pm

76

Winter Solstice 8am

Winter Solstice 12pm

Winter Solstice 4pm

77

Sections

Cut Through Community Clinic

Cut Through Student Flex Space

78

79

Elevations

North-West Elevation Public Side

South-East Elevation Student Side

80

81

Elevations

South-East Elevation, Back of Community Kitchens This view shows the elevation within the berms surrounding the agriculture fields; the sliding screens here allow for occupants to control their interior thermal comfort.

82

83

Ventilation System

Our project uses natural ventilation in most of the spaces, with conditioned air used in the clinical spaces. The conditioned air is done through an earth tube system, where our berms are used to cover tubes that carry air from outside the spaces, and cool the air using the constant temperature of the earth. The air in the tubes in drawn in by suction forces due to hot air pulling out of the spaces through a chimney, and cool air being drawn in to replace that air.

84

Cooling System

Earth Tubes in Landscape

Southern Winds

Earth Tube Locations

Air Circulation

85

Life Safety Plan

Egress Plans

86

87

Structure Diagram

Looking North West

88

89

Wall Sections

In order to help explain the construction of our building, we have included cut views through the naturally ventilated community market space as well as the earth-tube-cooled clinic rooms.

90

Solar Canopy Reinforced Concrete, Occupiable Roof Solar Chimney, Earth and Concrete

Reinforced Concrete Interior Walls Earth Tube Vent Rammed Earth Exterior Walls Openings for Natural Ventilation Concrete Foundation

Room Construction 91

Detailed Wall Sections

2

1

Community Market Section

92

5

4

3

93

Wall Details

Reinforced Concrete Lintel Rain Chain Operable Screen Reinforced Concrete Bond Beam Sliding Tracks

5” Rammed Earth 8” Reinforced Concrete Wall 18” Concrete Foundation

Water Collection 6” Reinforced Concrete slab 3“ Gravel Spread Footing

1 - Wall Foundation 94

Concrete Cap 5” Rammed Earth 8” Reinforced Concrete Wall

Scupper Rain Chain Sloped 6” Concete Slab Pavers Sleepers

2 - Roof Detail

95

Wall Details

Reinforced Concrete Column

Slab on Grade, Concrete, 6" Compact Gravel, 2"

Solid Block Wall, 6" Protection Board, 1 3/4"

Plain Concrete, 4" Reinforced Concrete Pile, Depth as Specified

3 - Canopy Column

96

Steel Branch Column, with Threaded Rod End

Threaded Connection Joint Threaded Rod Connection Plate, with Threaded Connection Nut Anchor Bolts, Cast -in -Place

Concrete Column, Reinforced

4 - Column Connection

97

Wall Details

4 - Space Frame Connections

98

Solar Panel Steel L Channel, with Clamp Connection Drainage Channel Rail with Conduit Steel Channel, 12" Threaded Rod Threaded Connection Joint Top Chord of Space Frame, Steel Tube with Threaded End Web, Steel Tube with Threaded End

Bottom Chord of Space Frame, Steel Tube with Threaded End Steel Branch Column, with Threaded End

99

Student Sports Clinic

100

101