What is PCR? Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a common laboratory technique used in research and clinical practice to amplify, or copy, small segments of genetic material. PCR is sometimes referred to as "molecular photocopy" and is incredibly accurate and sensitive. Short sequences called primers are used to selectively amplify a specific DNA sequence. PCR was invented in the 1980s and is now used in a variety of ways, including DNA fingerprinting, diagnosis of genetic disorders, and detection of bacteria or viruses. Since molecular and genetic analyses require significant amounts of a DNA sample, it is almost impossible for researchers to study isolated pieces of genetic material without PCR amplification.
How does the COVID-19 PCR test work? The COVID-19 test uses a modified version of PCR called quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). This method adds fluorescent dyes to the PCR process to measure the amount of genetic material in a sample. In this case, healthcare workers measure the amount of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material. Sample collection Reverse transcription of SARS COVID-19