Test bank for positive psychology the science of happiness and flourishing 3rd edition by william c

Test Bank for Positive Psychology The Science of Happiness and Flourishing 3rd Edition By Wi

Test Bank for Positive Psychology The Science of Happiness and Flourishing 3rd Edition By William C. Compton, Edward Hoffman, To download the complete and accurate content document, go to: https://testbankbell.com/download/test-bank-for-positive-psychology-the-science-of-h appiness-and-flourishing-3rd-edition-by-william-c-compton-edward-hoffman/

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Compton, Positive Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2020

Chapter 6: Positive Health Test Bank Multiple Choice 1. In 1961, Dunn coined the term _______ to describe a state of enhanced physical and emotional well-being.

A. thriving B. wellness C. flourishing D. optimum health Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Wellness Difficulty Level: Easy 2. Vitality is define as ______.

A. a state of complete health B. a positive feeling of aliveness and energy C. positive growth D. a strong sense of social responsibility Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Vitality and Positive Health Difficulty Level: Medium 3. According to polyvagal theory, when the heart is functioning well, ______.

A. the heart rate shows more variability in response to different social and interpersonal situations B. the heart rate shows less response to different social and interpersonal situations C. there is less cardiovascular reactivity D. it slows down because it is working more efficiently Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Vagal Tone and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Difficulty Level: Medium 4. Health Psychology, Division 38 of APA, was formed in ______.

A. the 50s B. the 70s C. the 80s D. the 90s Ans: B

Compton, Positive Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2020

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Health Psychology and PNI Difficulty Level: Medium 5. In a recent study, a Swedish researcher found that levels of ______ when people petted their dogs.

A. serotonin increase B. oxytocin increase C. cortisol decrease D. t-cells increase Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Social Support From Pets?

Difficulty Level: Hard 6. A hospice worker places her dying patient near the window. It is most likely that she is relying on ______ for her patient.

A. psychological restoration B. the benefits of expressive writing and the intensive journal method C. the benefits of a writing program aimed at regret-reduction D. the benefits of flow Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Analysis Answer Location: Restorative Nature Experiences Difficulty Level: Hard 7. The practice of forest bathing grew out of ______.

A. the field of psychoneuroimmunology B. recent research on hedonism C. Zen Buddhist meditation D. the work of Freud Ans: C Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Restorative Nature Experiences Difficulty Level: Medium 8. Which of the following is FALSE? A. There is a stronger association between regret and indicators of quality of life among young adults.

B. Severe regret is associated with more health problems.

C. Regrets involving social relationships have been found to be felt more intensely than less socially based regrets.

D. People experience more regret in the short term over their actions compared to inactions that led to the same outcome.

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Compton, Positive Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2020

Answer Location: Regrets Difficulty Level: Medium 9. Stronger associations between regret and quality of life indicators have been found for ______.

A. adolescents B. young adults C. middle age adults D. older adults Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Regrets Difficulty Level: Medium 10. The key element in the relation between life longings and well-being is ______.

A. the life domain where the longing exists (e.g., work, relationships) B. the length of time of the life longing C. socioeconomic status D. a sense of control Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Regrets Difficulty Level: Medium 11. Which of the following is NOT one of the components of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) programs?

A. Participants meet weekly for about 2 hr for instruction and practice.

B. An all-day (7–8 hr) intensive mindfulness session is held 1 day every week-end throughout the duration of the course.

C. It is an 8- to 10-week course.

D. Participants are instructed to practice their skills outside meetings for at least 45 min a day, 6 days a week.

Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Analysis Answer Location: Mindfulness Meditation Difficulty Level: Medium 12. Erik Erikson’s conception of “peak aging” encompasses three broad dimensions: insight, wisdom, and ______.

A. control B. mindfulness C. flourishing D. playfulness Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Zestful Old Age

Compton, Positive Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2020

Difficulty Level: Medium 13. Erikson viewed adult zestfulness as a combination of ______.

A. intuition and control B. trust and wonder C. self-efficacy and flourishing D. positive emotion and resilience Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Conceptual Answer Location: Zestful Old Age Difficulty Level: Medium 14. Friedman and Martin’s (2011) “Longevity Project” led the authors to conclude that ______ was NOT among the factors associated with longevity.

A. less work B. having friends C. possessing a sense of life meaning D. altruism Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Conceptual Answer Location: Positive Emotions Difficulty Level: Hard 15. One criticism of Friedman and Martin’s “Longevity Project” is that ______.

A. the sample size was too small B. participants were not followed long enough C. it focused only on physical health variables and not psychological variables D. results may not be generalizable Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Analysis Answer Location: Positive Emotions Difficulty Level: Hard 16. The authors of this text, Compton and Hoffman, stated that “______ is/are perhaps the greatest psychological influence on longevity.” They note that this is more vital to longevity than smoking, obesity, or getting regular exercise.

A. optimism B. self-efficacy C. spirituality D. social relationships Ans: D Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Positive Relationships Difficulty Level: Medium 17. Which of the following is considered a Blue Zone?

Compton, Positive Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2020

A. New York City B. Montreal, Canada C. Ikaria, Greece D. Pretoria, South Africa Ans: C Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The “Blue Zones” Difficulty Level: Medium 18. Annette Stanton argued that emotion-focused coping should be divided into two types: ______.

A. emotional processing and humor B. emotional processing and spirituality C. emotional processing and emotional expression D. emotional processing and acceptance Ans: C Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Coping Styles Difficulty Level: Hard 19. People in ______ were found to move naturally, keep a good outlook on life, eat wisely, and connect with others.

A. Western countries B. blue zones C. wealthier nations D. traditional cultures Ans: B Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The “Blue Zones” Difficulty Level: Easy 20. Which of the following is FALSE? A. The three major coping styles are equally effective strategies in each situation.

B. Denial and avoidance can be helpful in the short term.

C. The cumulative effect of many daily hassles is more detrimental to well-being than relatively infrequent major life events.

D. The number of daily hassles has less impact on health than one’s perception of them.

Ans: A Cognitive Domain: Analysis Answer Location: Positive Coping Difficulty Level: Medium True/False

Compton, Positive Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2020

1. The presence of negative emotions such as depression is a better overall predictor of poor health status than are positive emotions of positive health.

Ans: T Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Positive Emotionality Difficulty Level: Medium 2. The field of psychoneuroimmunology began with a study of chimpanzees.

Ans: F Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Health Psychology and PNI Difficulty Level: Easy 3. Faster heart rate serves as an index of self-regulatory strength.

Ans: F Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Vagal Tone and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Difficulty Level: Medium 4. Ader and Cohen’s classic work in psychoneuroimmunology laid the groundwork for their theory of “social feeling.” They argued that humans have the capacity for affection, caring, and love but that this capacity is weak unless strengthened during childhood by family members and teachers.

Ans: F Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Social Support Difficulty Level: Medium 5. Expressive writing interventions have beneficial outcomes across all participants included in research to date.

Ans: F Cognitive Domain: Analysis Answer Location: Emotional Expression and Health Difficulty Level: Hard Essay 1. Define and give an example of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping.

Ans: Problem-focused coping involves actively engaging the stressor either cognitively or behaviorally. An example would be going to get help from a tutor after failing an exam. Emotion-focused coping involves efforts to manage one’s emotions. An example would be talking to a friend when upset.

Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Coping Styles Difficulty Level: Medium

Compton, Positive Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2020

2. Explain the technique of expressive writing and at least two finding from research using it.

Ans: Expressive writing entails writing about one’s thoughts on a traumatic event as a way to “let it out” and make sense of one’s feelings. In one study, Pennebaker and colleagues (1988) asked college students to write about a personal traumatic experience and the control group was asked to write about a superficial experience. The writing group had fewer visits to the health center, better immune responses, lower blood pressure, and less distress.

Cognitive Domain: Conceptual Answer Location: Emotional Expression and Health Difficulty Level: Medium 3. What is meant by “forest bathing?” Discuss one research finding on this phenomenon.

Ans: The term refers to going out in nature without particular goals in mind. It heightens the senses and leads to a number of beneficial health and cognitive outcomes.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Restorative Nature Experiences Difficulty Level: Medium 4. Two well-known studies included nuns and baseball players in their sample. Describe the method and results of one of those studies.

Ans: Both examined the link between positive emotions and longevity. In the nun study, Diener and colleagues (2001) analyzed autobiographies of 180 nuns written as early as 1930. Of those who expressed more positive emotions in their youth, 90% were still alive at age 85. Among those who expressed the lowest number of positive emotions, only 34% were still alive by 85. In the baseball study, pictures of major league baseball players were analyzed. Those with larger Duchenne smiles were only half as likely to do die in any year compared to their nonsmiling counterparts.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Positive Emotions Difficulty Level: Medium 5. Dan Buettner studied longevity by identifying place on the earth where people live the longest. Based on this research on “blue Zones, they outlined nine characteristics that people in all these places shared.” Discuss at least three of them.

Ans: Examples should include any of the following: remained physically active, found ways to decrease stress each day, did not overeat, ate small amounts of meat and more fruits and veggies, drank alcohol in moderation, belonged to a faith-based community, invested in satisfying relationships, and were part of a supportive network of people.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The “Blue Zones” Difficulty Level: Medium

Test Bank for Positive Psychology The Science of Happiness and Flourishing 3rd Edition By Wi Compton, Positive Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2020

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