Resolven's Miner's Welfare Building Retrofit

Hannah Community GROUP 4

Eftychia Sustainability Isaac cost

Justyna Herritage Alessandro PM

Initial collage

The Three Driving Goals 1

Resolven in Context

Mining History .................................................................................................. 2 Site Appraisal ................................................................................. ................... 3 Population analysis 4

Precedent Research

Design Precedents 5 Structural Precedents .................................................................................... 6

Business Strategy

Phasing Approach & Revenue 7 Cost & Funding Analysis 8

Defining Program

Program Mapping

Proposal

Invite the nature inside the building by framing views to the surrounding nature 1 2

Celebrate Resolven’s the steel arches used

Resolven’s history by reclaiming used in the mines

Practise social sustainability by listening to the community and meeting their need 3

Initial Concept Collage

Collieries

Resolven Collieries Glyncastle Colliery

Rheola Colliery Ffaldydre Colliery

Opening of the Resolven Colliery

1840

Colliery

Welfare

Reclaim the mines arches and celebrate Resolven’s history

Closer of Mines

Create social inclusivety to celebrate Resolven’s community

Invite the surrounding nature inside the building to celebrate the environment

Resolven

Resolven

PROBLEM:

Resolven mines/Collieries have closed and their importance to the town’s history is slowly being forgotten. Even the remaining legacy of the miners: the Miners Welfare Building which was originally built by them is underutilised.

Mines

1963

Miners become constructors

2022

Mining History

RESPONSE:

Create a building which celebrates the mining history of Resolven by introducing a symbol: the Arches, which call back to the arches used to support the colliery structure. Frame views to the hills where the mines used to lay, as well as celebrating Resolven’s surrounding nature; and create a communal space people want to inhabit.

Miners in Resolven

The change

Resolven Miners Welfare Hall Beyond

Resolven Miners Welfare Theatre 1940 1989

Refurbishment and reduction of seating from 750

Introduction of cinema Currently in disrepair since 1990s

Picture House

CONSTRAINTS

PROBLEM:

Building is located in a residential area, providing problems with noise pollution, and privacy concerns with window placement

N

OPPORTUNITIES

RESPONSE:

In order to frame the views to the North East hills, without infringing on the privacy of the highlighted houses, the bar counter on the first floor will be positioned in front of the glazing thus restricting people from being close enough to the window to look down into the private properties.

PROBLEM:

Current green space is underutilised and unmaintained providing little value to the building

PROBLEM:

The site is surrounded by considerable circulation, however the current layout of the building with multiple entrances creates a fragmented building experience

RESPONSE:

Expand green space and use it as a feature to draw the public in, by placing the main entrance through the new extension. Increasing the flow of people through the building thus increasing revenue

Vehicular Pedestrian Train

RESPONSE:

Pedestrian movement

Vehicle movement

Railway

Take advantage of the flow of movement and create a clear main entrance with foyer to welcome visitors. Thus improving the experience/ journey to and through the building

PROBLEM:

Current green building has scarce glazing resulting in limited view both inside and outside the building and bad interior lighting conditions

N

RESPONSE:

Open up the façades by increasing glazing to the south letting natural light infiltrate the building. As well as introducing glazing to the North West that frames views towards nature and the closed mines

PROBLEM:

The existing extension is small and underutilised. Building onto possible green space, but offering little architectural or program value in exchange.

RESPONSE:

Demolishing the existing extension creates the opportunity to build a new, larger extension. This will have a mezzanine to increase the floor area without occupying more green space. An increased floor area provides more program opportunities thus increased revenues.

PROBLEM:

Current building doesn’t have any passive sustainable solutions.

N

Site Appraisal

Resolven is located in South Wales. The site; the Resolven Miners Welfare building built in the south-west part of the town. The building was built around 1923 by the miners of Resolven.

RESPONSE:

Design an open plan layout with strategically placed windows to the South West which maximise the potential of passive ventilation through both stack effect and cross ventilation

Precipitation: 30-51mm per month

Wind: 5 year Average SE winds

Temperature: 2-7 Winter 2-21 Summer Cloud Cover:

Hills to the North West directly behind the Miner’s Welfare Building

Miners and their Families

PROBLEM:

A building use analysis of Resolven shows there is an overall lack of community space in the town. The current building, which was supposed to provide this public ground fails to listen to the needs and desires of the population and is therefore underutilised with a restricted program.

RESPONSE:

To determine the programs for the new Miner’s Welfare Building, we analysed the wishes of the citizens and raked them by percentage of people that wanted a specific program. To narrow it down we also analysed the building uses of Resolven to discard programs already offered by the city; and instead focused on programs which multiple demographics would benefit from rather than just a a handful of people. Always keeping our goal of social sustainability at the forefront of our decision making process.

Referencing:

• Tompkins, H. (2020) Bristol Old vic, Haworth Tompkins. Available at: https://www.haworthtompkins.com/work/bristol-old-vic (Accessed: November 28, 2022).

• Supercool (ed.) (2022) Redevelopment, Bristol Old Vic. Available at: https://bristololdvic.org.uk/about/redevelopment (Accessed: October 15, 2022).

• Contributor, A.J. (2020) Bristol Old Vic by Haworth Tompkins, The Architects’ Journal. Available at: https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/buildings/bristol-old-vic-by-haworth-tompkins (Accessed: September 5, 2022).

• Tompkins, howard (2020) The Liverpool everyman, Haworth Tompkins. Available at: https://www.haworthtompkins.com/work/everyman-theatre (Accessed: November 28, 2022).

• Frearson, A. (2019) Liverpool Everyman

by Haworth Tompkins with Old and new bricks, Dezeen. Available at: https://www.dezeen.com/2014/04/02/liverpool-everyman-theatre-haworth-tompkins-brick/

Location: Hope St. Liverpool Area: 4690m2 Materials: Reclaimed brick, black steel, oak, reclaimed iroko, rich coloured plywood

Description: “The building makes use of the complex and constrained site geometry by arranging the public spaces around a series of half levels, establishing a continuous winding promenade from street to auditorium” – Haworth Tompkins Architects

The project aims to “encapsulate the classless, democratic values of the original” building, while creating a cultural public space. This reinstatement of local heritage and values is an aim shared by The Miners’ Welfare.

The Miners Welfare Studying the layout has identified uses needed to support the running of a theatre, particularly changing rooms, rehearsal space and offices. The location of functions, relative to the user experience and ease of circulation is an important

consideration - back of house functions will be in close proximity, as will the public functions, leading into the cinema/theatre when necessary.

Theatre

Photos from Howard Tompkins

Design Precedents

Haworth Tompkins BRISTOL OLD VIC

Cost: £4439/m2

Location: King St. Bristol Area: 2083m2

Description: A new front of house extension for the Bristol Old Vic theatre as well as refurbishment of Cooper’s Hall, a similar scheme to The Miners’ Welfare.

Existing Brick “Illuminated by a large light well and punctured by new openings to overwrite the visible evidence of historic alterations”

The main facade is treated with large shutters,providing shading and containing the inaugural address given by Garrick in 1766 and a poem by former Bristol City Poet Miles Chambers.

“Mezzanine galleries, winding timber staircases and viewing platforms allow the entire audience to move up, down and around a single, convivial space before and after each show”.

Timber

Framing and covering the public square in a sculptural way. Supporting the winding stairs and mezzanines.

The Miners Welfare

A simple material palette, mostly defined by the existing structure will be used. This will be red brick, and concrete (used sparingly) however, timber will also be used due to its sustainable properties.

Using colour to break up a neutral palette and highlight certain forms is an interesting approach to consider.

Introduce an exciting journey to the theatre/ cinema.

Concrete

Used sparingly as a wall and exposed floor to provide thermal mass as part of an extensive sustainability strategy.

Extension of the street Stairs, mezzanines and openings

Colour Black and red finishes to staircases and doorways offset the neutral palette of the structural materials.

New and old Shades presenting social significance

Photos from Howard Tompkins

Referencing:

• Frearson , A. (2014) Sigurd Larsen completes low-cost family house in Copenhagen, Dezeen. Available at: https://www.dezeen.com/2014/12/17/sigurd-larsen-low-cost-family-house-sorte-hus-copenhagen/ (Accessed:

• Das glashaus_de (no date) DAS GLASHAUS_DE –. Available at: http://sigurdlarsen.com/project/das-glashaus_de/ (Accessed: September 7, 2022).

•

https://www.designboom.com/architecture/sigurd-larsen-weekend-home-germany-clear-glass-gable-roof-09-19-2022/

SIGURD LARSEN

ARCHITEKTEN

DAS GLASHAUS

Location: Uckermark, Germany

Area: 113 m2

Structure: Timber frame with masonry walls

Description: A 2 bedroom house following the contextual barn typology and designed to look out to the surrounding forest and lakes

Frame Enclosure Platform Views

Miner’s Welfare Building

Timber for structure supplied by Paragon Engineered Timber, a Resolven based company specialising in timber structures using regenerative forestry. The principle of a frame, an internal enclosure and viewing platform can be adopted for the extension. This can allow for a viewing deck at first floor level and a phased process of enclosure.

A potential construction method for the extension that will allow for large open spaces to place the miners arches within. Creating a large, unobstructed internal space will better accommodate a pop up cinema and the highly engineered structure will allow for a quicker, cheaper construction with little disturbance to the neighbours.

PROBLEM:

The construction of the new building has considerable cost, time and embodied carbon limitations to be considered when selecting construction type and materials. Additionally, we wish to retain the current aesthetic of the brick façades.

RESPONSE:

Preserve as much of the existing structure as possible saving material costs and time. Use locally sourced timber columns and CLT for the extension reducing emissions and costs from material transport. As well as providing easy onsite construction reducing time needs and labour costs and retaining current feel of building.

katsikopoulou, myrto (2022) Sigurd Larsen tops weekend home in German countryside with clear glass gable roof, designboom. Available at:

Structural Precedents

Purcell

THE GRANGE

Cost: 2.8M

Location: Clarks Village, Street Area: 300m2 (extension)

Structure: CLT columns and CLT composite concrete slabs

Description: A refurbishment and linking of two Georgian buildings for Clarks. This is to be done in 2 phases over 5 years - being held back by funding available.

CLT Columns

300 x 300mm - Supplier: KLH

Advantages

• Renewable material

• Ecologically sustainable

• Prefabricated; reduces site construction times and costs

• No cladding saving: money, time, materials

• Little waste

• No VOC, formaldehyde

• Larger internal spans

• Provides healthy internal climate

Composite CLT and Concrete Slab 3.5 x 9 x 0.33m - Supplier: KLH

Disadvantages Advantages Disadvantages

• Can’t be sourced locally

• High embodied energy: importing and transporting materials to site

• Process can’t be reversed due to glue

• Expensive

• No beams, saving materials and cost

• Reduces the number of internal columns

• Ceiling does not need finishing saving time, money and materials

• Highly cost effective

• Concrete layer improves fire resistance and acoustic properties

• Prefabricated so reduces on on site construction time and costs

• CLT can’t be sourced locally

• High embodied energy: importing and transporting materials to site

• High embodied carbon with concrete

• Process can’t be reversed due to glues used and concrete binding to the timber

• Expensive

PROBLEM:

PHASE 1

The given budget makes it impossible to fund the whole construction process at once, and the current program doesn’t produce enough revenue . additionally, being the only existing community space in Resolven closing the entire building during construction time in inadvisable

PHASE 1

PHASE 1

PHASE 1

Demolition and refurbishment of remaining exterior structure

RESPONSE:

WASTE

Reuse materials from demolition to foundation pad for future building extention.

REVENUES

PHASE 2

Create a self sustaining economic strategy where the new building is constructed in phases. These phases are designed to keep most of the programs open during most of the construction works to both retain a community space for the population, and to allow the building to keep generating revenue during construction to ease economic burden

PHASE 2

PHASE 2

Interior refurbishment of Ground Floor

PHASE

Kitchen Demo

-Flexible Space: Projections, Social Events, Ad Hoc Renting

Value add: Inaccessible to public, no revenuepublic interest

REDUCE WASTE

Reuse materials from demolition to foundation pad for future building extention.

REFURBISHMENT

REVENUES

-Restaurant/Bar

-Flexible Space: Projections, Social Events, Ad Hoc Renting

Reuse materials from demolition to foundation pad for future building extention.

-Restaurant/Bar

Sustainable considerations: Demolished rubble/brick will be used as hard-core for Phase 3 concrete pad. Recovered brick can be used for facade repairs in Phase 2

REFURBISHMENT

-Remove Asbestos

Phase 1 cost: £1,160,000

-Remove Asbestos

REFURBISHMENT

-Remove Render

Estimated income per week: None

-Repair Brickwork

-Remove Render

-Remove Asbestos

Note:

-Repair Brickwork

-Provide Water-tight and High Level insulated envelop.

All estimated revenue is top possible income (fully booked flexi spaces and 300 seat theatre at £5 a ticket, restaurant 50 diners at peak hours)

-Con guration of spaces that allows cross ventilation

-Provide Water-tight and High Level insulated envelop.

-Repair of roof and vents to bene t from stack

-Con guration of spaces

-Remove Render -Repair Brickwork

Value add: Accessible to public, public interest, revenue = Restaurant/bar (kitchen), one large hire room/3 small hire spaces

REVENUES

-Flexible Space: Projections, Ad Hoc Renting

Sustainable considerations: Thermal insulation improved in fabric, new efficient HVAC and heat reclamation system installed, open-plan facilitates natural ventilation

Phase 2 cost: £280,000

-Restaurant/Bar

Estimated income per week

Flexi space = £400 x 2 Restaurant = £2,500

Estimated outgoing per week

Stock = £1,250

Staff = £615 + volunteers Heating = £100 Revenue per week = £1,100

Phasing Approach & Revenue

PHASE 2

Kitchen

Bar Staff

PHASE 3

New Build Extension

PHASE 4

Theatre/cinema refurbishment

Mezzanine

Storage

“The Drift”

Cafe/event space

Storage

Flex space

Bar Staff

Cafe/event space

Value add: Accessible to public, revenue continues despite extension construction, additional revenue spaces will be a very accessible cafe/bar/hire/event room.

Projections, Social Events,

Sustainable considerations: Design for natural light and solar heat gain to reduce operational costs, open-plan facilitates natural ventilation

Phase 3 cost: £393,000

Storage

Cafe/event space

Value add: New Cinema/theatre/event space with servicing and new bar area in extension - stakeholder expansion into Swansea/Neath/ Gynneath

Sustainable considerations: Heat reclaim system installed, filtering unwanted heat from WCs and kitchen to theatre.

Phase 4 cost: £1,400,000

ECONOMICALLY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION PHASING

ECONOMICALLY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION PHASING

Estimated income per week

Flexi space = £400 x 2

Restaurant + Cafe/bar = £3,000

Estimated outgoing per week

Stock = £1,500

Staff = £1,230 + volunteers

Heating = £200

Revenue per week = £2,485

Estimated income per week

Flexi space = £400 x 2

Restaurant + Cafe/bar = £4,500

ECONOMICALLY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION

Theatre/cinema= £1,500

Estimated outgoing per week

Stock = £1,500 Staff = £1,600 + volunteers

Heating = £250

Revenue per week = £3,150

Referencing:

• Architects, Masterplanners and Heritage Consultants (2022) Purcell. Available at: https://www.purcelluk.com/ (Accessed: November 28, 2022).

• (no date) Rosehill Theatre, Moresby, Whitehaven, Cumbria, CA28 6SE. Available at: https://www.rosehilltheatre.co.uk/ (Accessed: November 28, 2022).

• Whitecraig Community Centre (no date) Hadden Construction. Available at: https://www.hadden.co.uk/hadden-construction/current-projects/project/164 (Accessed: November 28, 2022).

• (no date) Blackboard Learn - SSO redirect. Available at: https://learningcentral.cf.ac.uk/ultra/courses/_411879_1/cl/outline (Accessed: November 28, 2022).

• Carbon designer: Easy baseline buildings & carbon optimization (2022) One Click LCA® software. Available at: https://www.oneclicklca.com/carbon-designer/ (Accessed: November 28, 2022).

Note: All proposed costs are exclusive of VAT as they are a registered charity. All cost precedents have been re-based for inflation.

ECONOMIC BUISNESS PLAN OVERVIEW

HEIJA’s main two objectives with this proposal is to implement a proposal which is both economically sustainable and environmentally sustainable. One of the main ways we achieved this was through staggered phasing of the proposal which allowed additional revenue accessed by each phase; Essentially opening a space that attracts the public and regular users interest with which we apply for more Each phase opens up a different part of the building which allows Resolven to rediscover Miner’s Welfare each time. We have identified for a large new extension to facilitate the future theatre and allow disabled access; as well as making the building more attractive to ‘icon’ of Resolven that will draw stakeholders from outside of Resolven.

COST PRECEDENTS

HERRITAGE REFURBISHMENT

The Grange, Clarks Village

Total Cost £2.8M

Cost pm^2 for Refurb £5000 Cost pm^2 for New Build £3500

Use: Community centre, offices, museum

Materials: Brick, masonry stone, lime plaster, lime mortar. New build - CLT columns, beams and glass frontage

This is a high quality heritage refurbishment with a high quality museum new build extension. Costs will come in lower per m2 but this is a good top bracket baseline and useful for material elementals.

PROBLEM:

NEW BUILD

THEATRE EXTENSION Whitecraig Community Centre Rosehill theatre extension

Total Cost £1.082M

Cost pm^2 for New Build £1441

Use: Community centre

Materials: Brick slips, concrete, SFS framing

This is a low cost new build community use building that can establish a mid bracket cost for the same type of use, however does not deal with existing fabric costing or multi-use spaces/theatre.

Total Cost

Cost pm^2 for New Build

Use: Theatre, cafe/bar

Materials: Steel-frame construction

This is a low cost new build community building that can establish a mid cost for the same type of use, does not deal with existing fabric or multi-use spaces/theatre.

experienced

Amount: Max 250k (Phase 1/2)

The existing budget for the new building does not cover the predicted construction costs. However, reducing costs of proposal is inadvisable due to considerable losses in quality and future revenue as well as increases in running costs and upkeep.

Requirements: Small scale maintenance and repairs, heritage contractor needed

TOTAL FUNDING AVAILABLE £3,240,000

• National Lottery grants for Heritage – £250,000 to £5million (no date) The National Lottery Heritage Fund. Available at: https://www.heritage fund.org.uk/funding/national-lottery-grants-heritage-250k-5m (Accessed: November 28, 2022).

• Who and what we fund (no date) Who And What We Fund | Trusthouse Charitable Foundation. Available at: https://www.trusthousecharitable foundation.org.uk/about/who-and-what-we-fund (Accessed: November 28, 2022).

Cost & Funding Analysis

PROPOSED COST

environmentally revenue to be more funding. identified a need to create an construction community use mid bracket use, however fabric costing

VIABILITY

Global warming t CO2e - Resource types

Phase1 cost: £1,160,000 Demo cost £40 pm^2: £4,000 Structure refurb £2800 pm^2: £1.12M

Phase 2 cost: £280,000 Interior refurb/services £700 pm^2

Phase 3 cost: £393,000 (Open envelope) £1500 pm^2: £285,000 (Closed envelope) £750 pm^2: £142,500

Phase 4 cost: £1,400,000 Internal refurb £3500 pm^2

TOTAL COST PHASE 1-3: £1,883,000

TOTAL COST PHASE 1-4: £3,203,000

ELEMENTAL CARBON COST

This is a drilldown chart. Click on the chart to view details

Global warming t CO2e - Resource types

wood - 38.2% glass - 32.0% bricksCeramics - 9.8% concreteReadyMix - 9.6% gypsumPlasterCement - 9.6% insulation - 0.8%

Global warming t CO2e - Resource types

This is a drilldown chart. Click on the chart to view details wood - 38.2% glass - 32.0% bricksCeramics - 9.8% concreteReadyMix - 9.6% gypsumPlasterCement - 9.6% insulation - 0.8%

Using a carbon model software we have calculated that our proposal is very carbon efficient against the UK Carbon Benchmark. We can extrapolate this into the proposal efficiently managing materials and reducing impact on the environment. This is not only good environmentally but financially - it will spike architectural coverage and therefore interest from other stakeholders and organisations.

RUNNING/STAFFING COSTS

Ground source heat pump + underfloor heating:

U-VALUE of new extension: HVAC/Heat reclaim system: U-VALUE of refurbished existing: Volunteering staff for reception/waiters in exchange for skills and experience free Waiters, Chefs and management/cleaners - these are all required to run the building but only need to be hired as demand runs (when profit is already being turned over from cafe/theatre/bar/ restaurant/flexispace) meaning staff will be affordable.

RESPONSE:

The phasing approach allows the building to operate at each phase while it waits for additional funding. The above provided charities and funds are applicable to current building/proposed scheme increasing the overall money available

Program Mapping

DAILY USE OF THE BUILDING

program and building layout of said programs very little interaction between the different spaces. Additionally, the green space outside the building is completely disconnected from the activities within. The presence of only one entrance (front entrance disused) awkward internal circulation and creates fire concerns

Response:

Through the adjacency diagram we are able to map out which programs benefit from being in proximity to each other for both servicing and enhancing the activities of both. Through this we are able to create a better connected building in which the spaces don’t feel isolated from each other. Multiple ententes create a better flow of movement and avoid bottlenecking one space. Finally the outside space now communicates with both the flexi space and cafe

GROUND FLOOR PROGRAM DISTRIBUTION

Entrance: Entrances over to the prominent building. One for cafe/restaurant theatre to avoid congestion when simultaneously.

Service: Strategic position of kitchen restaurant and the servicing alley.

Flexibility/ Independence: Flexi can be divided in two, both door linked to a buffer zone and succeed independent operation obstruction to the main front lobby.

Connectivity: Flexi and cafe meant to open up to each other resulting in big open events and gatherings+meanwhile feeling of openness and unity and character a community building should

Respecting Privacy:

On the mezzanine the windows the bar will be placed at the backwindows- in order to regulate the to the windows and avert the visitors private gardens and focus on the

prominent part of the cafe/restaurant one for flexi/ when spaces operate

in between the alley.

both having their own and the storage to operation and minimum lobby.

to the garden and open spaces for bigger gatherings+meanwhile adds to the and the welcoming should have.

will sit higher and back- adjacent to the the circulation close visitors gaze from the mountain views.

Mapping the Program

New Extension:

As mentioned the current extension of the building is mostly underutilised and generates little revenue. The proposed new extension that would takes its place is considerably bigger creating more opportunities for revenue, as well as functioning as an architectural statement with its characteristic arches recalling the mines. A beautiful extension that celebrates Resolven’s history and draw the public in through extensive glazing giving insight to the inviting programs within.

1

Referencing: • Column-to-floor connection system (no date) Rothoblaas. Available at: https://www.rothoblaas.com/products/fastening/clt-floor-column-connections/pillar (Accessed: November 1, 2022). Edited by Buxton, Pamela,

CLT Floor Slabs

Allow for greater unobstructed internal spaces. A renewable material

PROBLEM:

RESPONSE:

2 Masonry Enclosure

Timber Columns

Supplied by a Resolven based timber engineer and sourced from local forests. Pre-assembled fixing plates to reduce construction time

3 Arches

Reflecting the materiality of the existing building

4

Creating openings to frame views and link back to the mining heritage

1

Load Bearing Masonry Walls

Solid Fill Brick Piers in filled with masonry wall, to be stripped back to the existing brick

Existing structure is outdated and in disrepair. To support the load of the building the interior spaces are small and enclosed. The existing envelope has very little sustainability high U-values causing heat to escape and increasing running costs.

Preserve and improve the existing materials and costs. Re-introduce the ground floor to support the above while allowing for larger timber column and CLT construction where the columns are sourced from Paragon timber. This reduces to transportation while supporting and uses a renewable resource. plates as it is structurally efficient unobstructed internal spaces while This structural strategy helps reduce and on-site construction time while current feel of the building.

2

GF Concrete Internal Columns

Internal walls demolished, to be replaced with columns allowing for the new program

3

Concrete Floor Slab

Refurbished existing structure With concrete beams spanning from the brick piers to internal columns

Steel Roof Trusses

existing structure

existing structure, saving Re-introduce concrete columns on load of the auditorium larger open spaces. Use a construction for the extension sourced and supplied locally reduces emissions related supporting local business CLT is used for floor efficient and allows for larger, while also being renewable. reduce embodied carbon while also retaining the

Improved Existing Envelope

Floor

1. Timber Flooring - 20mm

2. Screed with underfloor heating pipes - 50mm 3. DPM 4. Insulation Board - 100mm 5. DPM 6. Concrete Slab - 200mm 7. Gravel U-VALUE: 0.13W/m2k

Wall

1. Existing single Brick wall with Refurbished mortars and removed render 2. EPS beads - 50mm 3. Existing 1.5 brick wall 4. Concrete dabs 5. Insulated plasterboard with skim finish - 37.5mm U-VALUE: 0.17W/m2k

New Extension Envelope

Floor

1. Timber Flooring 20mm 2. Screed with underfloor heating pipes 50mm 3. DPM 4. Insulation in-between floor Joists fixed on the load bearing brick piers 160mm 5. Chipboard 19mm U-VALUE: 0.12W/m2k

Wall

1. Brick cladding from recycled bricks 2. Cavity with cladding fasteners60mm 3. Breather membrane 4. OSB - 19mm 5. Insulation between timber studs160mm 6. Vapour control layer 7. Service void and with battens50mm 8. Timber boards finishing - 20mm U-VALUE=0.11W/m2k

Roof

1. Single ply waterproof membrane ramped in Metal Flashings 2. Rigid Insulation - 180mm 3. OSB - 19mm 4. Rafters fixed on Brick piers200mm U-VALUE: 0.11W/m2k

Structural Strategy

Floor to Ceiling Detail section 1:20 In depth breakdown of envelope improvement strategy with joint details in following slide

Retrofit wall and extension roof: LESS CONSTRUCTION COMPLICATIONS + LESS RUNNING COSTS

As we are dealing with a cavity wall we chose to retrofit it by inserting non-invasive cavity wall insulation in the form of beads. The beads insertion needs very small holes along the existing wall which does not reduce structural properties. Additionally, the beads retain the cavity’s purpose and benefits as they allow water and vapour to flow through it.

Wall openings connecting existing and extension: INCREASE SPACE CAPACITY, CONNECTIVITY + INCREASE PROFITABILITY

As the restaurant/café is one of the main revenue sources we wanted to increase the capacity. Therefore it was necessary to connect the old and new by removing parts of the wall and supporting them with 150mm concrete lintels. Concrete was preferred over metal as the masonry and concrete are structurally suitable with load bearing properties.

Improving Envelope

Extension Foundation: LESS EMBODIED CARBON + ECONOMICALLY BENEFICIAL

• To raise the extension to the level of the restaurant a raised timber frame structure with pier foundations was chosen.

• Perforated concrete blocks/ bricks allow the structure to be ventilated.

• The brick façade is assembled from recycled bricks from the demolition of the previous extension.

Existing and Extension Foundation: LESS EMBODIED CARBON + ECONOMICALLY BENEFICIAL + LESS CONSTRUCTION COMPLICATIONS

To avoid complications with the existing building’s foundation, the extension’s floors and roof is bolted onto the existing load bearing brick piers. Transferring the loads to the foundations of the existing building. The light timber structure makes this structurally possible and reduces the substructure costs.

PROBLEM:

Current building has no sustainability considerations, which is extremely concerning given the climate crises we find ourselves in. Moreover, a sustainably inefficient building is an economically inefficient one (due to higher running costs). Ultimately a community building should reflect future thinking and represent the community of Resolven under the best light.

RESPONSE:

Design a sustainable building from start to finish, to integrate sustainable solutions deeply in bedded in the structure itself rather than resorting to last minute “bolt-on” solutions. The suggested solutions are explained below, ranging from both passive and active sustainability which will both decrease running costs of building and increase on site energy heat production. It is advisable to invest in a higher construction cost to lower running costs in the future

Natural

light and solar heat gain.

Minimum future waste:

Timber elements can be easily dismantled and reused or reassembled elsewhere.

Lime mortar can be easily removed without destroying the bricks which can be reused.

Deep windows:

As we are designing a public building we want to avoid the use of shutters in order to maintain visibility. Adding an extra wooden frame will block the summer solar gain to avoid overheating by restricting direct sunlight to hit the window surface.

Cross ventilation:

Maximized when possible. The flexible space can be divided while hosting activities for increased air flow

Stack effect: Introduced through the lobby instead of single sided ventilation for better results.

Sustainable Strategy

The soil in UK withholds 8–12 degrees. It will lower running costs by providing 30-50% of heating needs.

Underfloor heating: Compatible with ground heat pumps, will provide more energy efficient heating and a better thermal environment.

Fire Exits

Fire fighting Staircase Assembly Points

Fire and Life Safety

After completion of phase 4 the anticipated number of people will be of >220 and it requires more than one escape route. These escape routes must be minimum 1050mm wide each.

We introduced additional fire fighting stairs at the back of the building with an exit to the outside the building.

The building use fall under recreational with disable access thus the distance to the escape routes should be between 9m (one direction only) and 18m (more than one direction).

The assembly points are at least 15m away from the building to protect from smoke inhalation, heat, falling debris and the possible collapse of the building

Accessibility & Fire Safety

PROBLEM: The existing floor and circulation layout requires additional escape routes to reach regulation standards.; as well as improved, fully enclosed fire stairs. Additionally, the building isn’t fully accessible by disabled people and the layout makes the current programs unresponsive too each other and the building as a whole.

Accessibility

The building is encompassed by two street; with one of them being a main road, and can be reached by car, the bus stop directly by the main entrance or by foot.

The building is completely accessible by disabled people with the main entrance and yard retrofitted to remove any steps, as well as an additional access ramp off the side of the building.

Thought-out staff circulation has the kitchen easily servicing both cafe and restaurant, with a back exit for waste disposal

RESPONSE: The demolishing and retrofit of the structure will allow for a more open plan offering multiple escape routes. The existing fire stair has been fully enclosed and provided a direct exit. Accessibility ramps were designed as well as providing elevators for multi floor disabled access. The redesigned layout also offers more views to different programs while inside the building better connecting them to each other.

The programs work in favour of the main circulation routes to connect them together. For instance the audience exit from the theatre leads straight to the bar area. Additionally one can reach the Cafe or restaurant easily after attending an event in the flexi space.

Main Circulation

Staff Circulation

Disabled Circulation External Circulation

Blue walls: Preservation of the existing structure

The Bar

The Cafe

Perspective Section

Section showing relationship between the Bar, Cafe, Restaurant and Theatre and quality of natural lighting due to the improved south facing glazing

The restaurant

The theatre

A depiction of the Bar on the

the first floor framing view to the hills

A depiction of the new Miner’s Welfare

Building as seen walking East to West

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